高考英语二轮讲义-阅读理解之记叙文（原卷版）- （天津专用）

这是一份高考英语二轮讲义-阅读理解之记叙文（原卷版）- （天津专用），共28页。

高考阅读理解选材来源广泛，多源于国外英文图书、报刊、网络媒体，语言地道纯正，具有鲜明的语言文化特点。体裁包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等，涉及科普、社会、文化、地理、历史、政治、经济、人文、日常生活等领域。命题主要考查细节理解、主旨大意、词义猜测及推理判断。
B篇记叙文，难度略增，但仍可通过文章细节的信息匹配、同义语段替换等方式答题。
记叙文类文章描述的是一件具体事情的发生、发展和结局，通常有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些文章是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些文章是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。从总体上来讲，文章的难度通常不大，在阅读过程中，我们一直在某个线索的引导下，随着作者的思路去了解一个故事或一件事情的始末，因此会感到比较轻松。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。
阅读此类文章应特别注意：
(1)若是一般故事性文章，应读懂故事的发生，发展，高潮和结局；
(2)若是“哲理故事”，要理解故事所蕴含的哲理意义；
(3)若是“逸闻趣事”，应体会对话的风趣性，进而才能感受幽默的精髓。
题型01 顺藤摸瓜
【题型诠释】
记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what, wh, when, where, why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。
【典例】
（2023·天津滨海新·统考三模）Once, during my summer hlidays, my father was sick, but he wrked in the rice field just the same, because there was s much t d. As I lked at his thin figure, crawling (缓慢移动) ahead f me, I thught f my wn depressing future. I was tied t the land by jb after backbreaking jb, unlike ther bys wh had freedm t pursue happiness. Why were there peple in the wrld wh wuld never knw what it was like t til (苦干), and thers, like me, wh had been tiling ever since they were small bys, seasn after seasn, year after year? Why were sme peple sitting befre electric fans r in air-cnditined rms, while I was ut f breath and sweating under the blazing sun? Why was there mud and mre mud in frnt f me?
Only we farmers were willing t crawl, t assume the lwliest f psitins in rder t have a better harvest. Even a hrse, when wrking fr man, stands tall. I was suddenly cnsumed with great pity and great respect fr pr farmers, and the fcus f my attentin began t extend beynd myself and my family. This was an imprtant turning pint in my life.
While resting beside a field ne day, my brthers and I reslved t pursue useful knwledge and technlgy t help urselves and ther farmers imprve ur circumstances, and lighten ur burden f labur. This reslve gave me strength s that when I went t university, lighten ur burden f labur. This reslve gave me strength s that when I went t university, and later t the US n a schlarship, my spirit rse abve persnal hardships. Crawling in the mud had taught me t lake bleeding and sweating as part f my life, and nt t be afraid in the face f difficulties. But what was mre imprtant was that I had learned the meaning f “Yu reap what yu sw”.
Mther used t say, “Judge a man nt by his face, but by his fields.” I appreciate mre and mre the meaning f these wrds. The land is dependable, as lng as yu are willing t til n it. When the wind blew and the green rice plants mved like waves in a sea, stunningly beautiful, a deep sense f satisfactin swelled up (充满) in me.
I labured hard in the simple, islated cuntryside f my hme, and I am prud f this. Althugh later I went int academic research, I shall always remember what wrking in the rice fields taught me: plant yur feet firmly n the grund, wrk hard and yu will be rewarded.
46．What did the authr think f his jb as a farmer in Paragraph 1?
A．Unhappy but prmising.B．Free and meaningful.
C．Busy but rewarding.D．Exhausting and hpeless.
47．What mtivated the authr t change his present life?
A．The cncern fr his father’s sickness.B．His pity and respect fr pr farmers.
C．His eagerness fr knwledge and technlgy.D．His wish t have a better harvest.
48．Hw des the authr understand his mther’s wrds in Paragraph 4?
A．A man shuld be judged by his academic backgrund.
B．A man’s sense f satisfactin cmes frm the land.
C．A man willing t til in his field is bund t reap a harvest.
D．A man shuldn’t be prud f his appearance.
题型02 左顾右盼
【题型诠释】
在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。
【典例】
（2023·天津·耀华中学校考一模）My mther was never truly happy in Cnnecticut finding the winter bitter cld and the culture prvincial (偏狭的). Thugh she grew up in New Jersey, she mved t San Francisc in her early twenties, met and married my dad ut there. After I was brn, they decided t return east, clser t their wn parents. But she never let g f her lve fr the Bay Area.
Califrnia was always part f the cnversatin when I was a kid. I ate meals ff a map-f-the-wrld placemat (餐垫), and Mm taught me t identify San Francisc befre I learned where Hartfrd was. She tld us stries f perfectin n a single city, fantasizing abut retiring ut west. My dad wuld play alng, but his heart wasn’t in the same place.
While my mther’s status in the nnprfit wrld advanced, her desire t mve back t her favrite place grew strng. She applied fr jbs in the Bay, underwent bicastal Skype screenings, even traveled ut fr a cuple f interviews n a whim (心血来潮). Smetimes her cver letters disappeared, ther times she made it dwn t the final tw candidates. With each rejectin, she prmised t make her next jb applicatin even strnger.
This past May, I relcated frm San Francisc t New Yrk fr a jb. A few weeks later, Mm called me. Her pursuit had finally paid ff. She’s been ffered a vice president psitin at a public health nnprfit in Oakland. A few weeks later, she packed up her baggage and left Cnnecticut fr gd.
Our lives are mre semblable than ever these days. We’re bth discvering ur new hmes, making friends. We’re lking fr a gd yga studi t jin, reading the same bks and chatting abut the plts by text message. I emailed her phts frm my trip t Burning Man and she replied with stries abut her new cwrkers wh g every year.
There’s even time fr the ccasinal dating disaster.
Perhaps that’s the paradx (悖论) f grwing lder. Things will always change, and they can change immediately—my mther is prf. But an individual’s wn pwer t create change always stays the same. Everything can change, and therefre nthing ever really changes.
Nw when I’m ut west fr a visit, Mm meets me at a statin with her big bag. We stp by the Grand Lake farmers market, picking ut the freshest seasnal ingredients, befre hiking up the hill t her new apartment. One f these days, I’ll actually ck her dinner.
56．What can we learn frm Paragraph 2?
A．The authr spent her childhd in Califrnia.
B．The authr’s father didn’t want t live in Califrnia.
C．The authr’s mther liked t use plates with map designs.
D．The authr’s family preferred listening t stries f the west.
57．What can we knw abut the authr’s mther?
A．She always likes t struggle n her wn.
B．She wns a public health nnprfit cmpany.
C．Nthing can stp her frm reaching her gal.
D．She takes everything f her daughter n herself.
题型03 刨根问底
【题型诠释】
如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如＂What can be inferred frm …?＂或是What des the authr imply in…?＂之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。
从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。
【典例】
（23-24高三上·天津西青·期末）When I was little, my dad wuld let me sit beside him n the prch while he painted. He wuld tell me hw the cw by itself is just a cw, and the meadw by itself is just grass and flwers, and the sun peeking thrugh the trees is just a beam f light, but put them all tgether and yu’ve gt magic.
I understd what he was saying, but I’ve never felt what he was saying until ne day when I was up in the sycamre tree t rescue a kite stuck in the branches. It was a lng way up, but I thught I’d give it a sht. I started climbing. Then I lked dwn. And suddenly I gt dizzy and weak. I was miles ff the grund! But the kite was still beynd my reach. I caught my breath and frced myself t cncentrate n the kite as I climbed up.
When I had the kite free, I needed a minute t rest. That’s when the fear f being up s high began t lift, and in its place came the mst amazing feeling that I was flying. Just saring abve the earth, sailing amng the cluds.
Then I began t ntice hw wnderful the breeze (微风) smelled. It seemed like sunshine and wild grass and rain! I culdn’t stp breathing it in, filling my lungs again and again with the sweetest smell I’d ever knwn.
I never gt ver the view. I kept thinking f what it felt like t be up s high in that tree. I wanted t see it, t feel it, again. And again.
It wasn’t lng befre I wasn’t afraid f being up s high and fund the spt that became my spt. I culd sit there fr hurs, just lking ut at the wrld. Sunsets were amazing. Sme days they’d be purple and pink, sme days they’d be an range, setting fire t cluds acrss the hrizn.
It was n a day like that when my father’s ntin (观念) mved frm my head t my heart. The view frm my tree was mre than rftps and cluds and wind and clrs cmbined.
And I started marveling (惊奇) at hw I was feeling bth humble and majestic. Hw was that pssible? Hw culd I be s full f peace and full f wnder?
It was magic.
23．The authr’s climbing experience was .
A．unusual but painful
B．adventurus but rewarding
C．cmpetitive and imaginative
D．well-planned and interesting
25．What message des the authr want t cnvey?
A．Practice makes perfect.
B．Psitive actin leads t happiness.
C．Beautiful things dn’t ask fr attentin.
D．The whle is greater than the sum f its parts.
题型04 拨云见日
【题型诠释】
每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。这时，你不仅需要＂左顾右盼＂，还需要在几句话，一个段落，乃至整篇文章的字里行间中快速搜寻，看看前面、后面都发生了些什么；反复琢磨人物、事物，或者人物与事物之间的内在联系，才可能在最后拨开团团迷雾，从四个选项中选出正确答案。
解题注意事项
1.必须通读全文，不可遗漏任何信息，每一段落相互关联；
2.文章结尾处通常是中心主旨所在处，必须精读；
3.注意文章中的各种人物关系（主要人物关系/次要人物关系）。
【典例】
（23-24高三上·天津河东·期末）When I was 12 years ld, I already knew that my teen years were ging t be the wrst years f my life. I was a ttal utsider, bullied (欺凌) at schl. I felt cmpletely alne in my small twn.
But by starting t d vlunteer wrk when I was 14, I turned my prblem int a passin fr helping thers. The pprtunity t practice kindness made me feel like my life had a greater purpse. The mre psitive energy I shared, the mre kindness and appreciatin I received. I realized that my purpse in life wuld be t reach ut t peple, specifically teenagers, and help them feel less alne.
Bks were my true friends back then. I was s thankful that the authrs wrte thse bks. The kindness they ffered me with their bks saved my life. One f my biggest dreams was t becme an authr s I culd write bks that wuld help ther teenagers the way thse bks helped me.
After surviving terrible experiences at schl and at hme, I made a chice t take the ptimistic, psitive rad in the next steps f my jurney. My dream career, ne I thught was nly pssible fr the authrs I lved, is what I am ding nw. I have been a full-time authr f teen nvels since 2007 and am grateful fr this amazing pprtunity t reach ut t readers every single day.
Kindness saved me when I needed help the mst. Even small acts f kindness can change smene’s life. Yu never knw what smene else is ging thrugh. But by practicing daily kindness, yu becme an architect f psitive change.
29．What des the authr suggest readers d in the last paragraph?
A．Say “n” t bullies bravely.B．Make psitive changes in their lives.
C．Treat thers with kindness in daily life.D．Learn t care mre abut thers’ feelings.
30．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．The authr live alne in her small twn.B．Bks can save everyne’s life.
C．Kindness can change smene’s life.D．Terrible experiences wuld make a persn feel mre alne.
【高考真题】
（2023·天津·统考高考真题）One freezing mrning last February, I walked thrugh Ontari Place. Trees were frsted sculptures. Large chunks f ice flated in the lake. Then I saw a grup f peple in bathing suits buncing up and dwn in the water. They held hands, shuting and yelling int the sky. They lked and sunded s free.
I’ve always fund cld water thrilling. The shck f it is like pressing a switch. It seems t reset my bdy and sul.
And last winter, I definitely needed a reset. I wke up mst mrnings with a dull, grey feeling as I frced myself ut f bed t start the day. I needed smething t cheer myself up, but I didn’t knw what, until that day.
The ice warrirs (勇士) emerged frm the lake, their skin steaming. Trembling, they were yet laughing and hugging each ther. I called ut: “Yu guys are awesme!” One wman waved back, “Cme and jin us! We’ re here every Mnday mrning.”
The night befre my first dip (游泳), I was excited and nervus. Cld water was ne thing, but this icy lake was a whle ther level. Shuld I back ut? Eventually, I gt up in the dark and drve t the meeting spt.
After sme wild warm up, I charged int the lake alng with thers. We yelled int the sky. Teeth chattering heart rates slwing, fingers and tes ging numb (麻木), we stayed there fr smewhere between tw and five minutes. Knwing it was my first time, peple cheered me n. It felt amazing. I was stupid with cld, but I culdn’t remember the last time I’d felt s happy.
Nw I g dipping almst every day, and I’ve cme t lng fr that mment when the cld becmes a secnd skin and my internal vice ges silent. Apart frm the thrill f thse first heart-stpping dives, which, irnically, saved me frm ging under, what has drawn me is this cmmunity f generus, pen-hearted suls.
We laughed tgether, ften, but frm the stries we’ve shared abut urselves, I knw I’m nt the nly ne wh faces life’s challenges. Hlding hands in the freezing lake, we lked ut fr each ther last winter and will d s thrugh this ne.
It wn’t fix everything in ur lives—but fr sme reasn, it helps. At the end f each sessin I return hme feeling strnger, lighter, mre able t carry n. As anther winter sets in, I’m mre than ready t embrace the cld again.
1．When the authr saw the peple in the lake, her feeling can be best described as __________
A．nervusB．amazed
C．frightenedD．calm
2．Why did the authr think f jining the swimmers?
A．T expand her scial circle.B．T lift her spirits again.
C．T adapt t the cld weather.D．T prepare fr a new career
3．What can be learnt abut the authr’s first dipping?
A．She hesitated a bit befre ging.
B．She suffered frm a heart prblem.
C．She stayed in cld water t lng.
D．She regretted nt ding enugh warm up.
4．What change has cld water swimming brught abut in the authr?
A．She is mre intelligent.
B．She gets mre cmpetitive.
C．She becmes a better stryteller.
D．She regains her inner peace.
5．What message des the authr mst likely want t cnvey?
A．Severe cld builds up character
B．Grup wisdm brightens ur life.
C．Tackling the dds tgether cures.
D．Ding sprts prmtes friendship.
（2023·天津·统考高考真题）I lked thrugh the windw f the charming little vilin shp, and my heart began t race.
I'd been ut t dinner that evening. Since it wasn't dark yet after the meal, I decided t walk hme frm the restaurant. I had traveled that way befre, yet I had never nticed that ld little shp. But that night I felt drawn t the vilin shp the mment I came acrss it.
I wiped the dirt frm the windw t get a better lk inside. Several vilins hung frm the dark walls, quietly waiting t be chsen. As my eyes rested n them, I felt as thugh I were lking thrugh a windw int my wn past.
My childhd was all abut the pursuits I had attempted, mst f which had been chsen by Mm. She was like, “Jin the swim team, Tara. Yur sister is a gd swimmer;surely yu will be, t. ”What she refused t acknwledge, hwever, was that I was visibly afraid f water.
Every Saturday I begged Mm nt t make me g t the swim meet, but had little chance f success. That said, with a bang f the starting gun, I wuld dive int the cld water with all my strength and swim t the ther side f the pl as fast as I culd, nly t find that the ther swimmers slid past me. I wuld have given it up if I had nt heard my father's encuraging shuts t cheer me n. When at last my hand wuld grab the edge f the pl, he wuld always be there with a warm, dry twel, telling me hw prud he was f my desperate effrts.
Then came a turning pint in my life the day ur schl rchestra( 管弦乐队)visited my class, and gave a demnstratin. The drums annyed me. The flutes(笛子)bred me. But the vilin…ah, the vilin. It made the sweetest sund I'd ever heard!My heart was dancing alng with its flwing tune. Fr the first time in my life, I went s wild with jy.
Tightly hlding the permissin slip frm the rchestra directr, I ran all the way hme after schl, and shakily handed it t my parents with a fear that they might dismiss my desire. They didn't. Mm was thrilled t see me finally excited abut smething, and Dad winked(眨眼示意)at me while eagerly signing the slip.
I began practicing the vilin with great passin, and rse quickly in ability. Befre lng I had wn the first seat in the cmmunity rchestra …
6．What did the sight f the vilins in that little shp bring t Tara's mind?
A．Her miserable past.
B．An unfrgettable sprt event.
C．The stries behind the vilins.
D．Her childhd memry.
7．What Dad did fr Tara during the swimming cmpetitin implies that he is ________.
A．mindless and bad-tempered
B．caring and supprtive
C．strict and demanding
D．tlerant and sympathetic
8．What fascinated Tara during her schl rchestra's demnstratin?
A．The tune f the flutes.
B．The beat f the drums.
C．The sund f the vilin.
D．The manner f the musicians.
9．What enabled Tara t win the first seat in the cmmunity rchestra?
A．The steady imprvement in her taste.
B．Her strng desire fr success.
C．Her natural gift fr music.
D．The rapid prgress in her ability.
10．What message des Tara's stry cnvey?
A．It's never t yung t learn.
B．A passinate interest wrks wnders.
C．Hard wrk will pay ff in the lng run.
（2022·天津·高考真题）I’m an 18-year-ld pre-medical student, tall and gd-lking, with tw shrt stry bks and quite a number f essays t my credit. Why am I singing such praises f myself? Just t explain that the attainment f self-pride cmes frm a great deal f self-lve, and t attain it, ne must first learn t accept neself as ne is. That was where my struggle began.
Brn and raised in Africa，I had always taken my African rigin as burden. My self-dislike was further fueled when my family had t relcate t Nrway, where I attended a high schl. Cmpared t all the white girls arund me, with their glden hair and delicate lips, I ,a black girl, had curly hair and full, red lips. My nse ften had a thin sheet f sweat n it, whatever the weather was. I just wanted t bury myself in my shell crying “I’m s different!”
What als cntributed t my self-dislike was my ccasinal stuttering (口吃), which had weakened my self-cnfidence. It always std between me and any fine pprtunity. I’d taken it as an excuse t avid any public speaking sessins, and unknwingly let it rule ver me.
Frtunately, as I grew lder, there came a turning pint. One day a white girl caught my eye n the schl bus when she suddenly turned back. T my astnishment, she had a thin sheet f sweat n her nse t, and it was in Nvember! “Ww,” I whispered t myself, “this isn’t a genetic(遗传的) disrder after all. It’s perfectly nrmal.” Days later, my life tk an-ther twist(转折). Searching the internet fr stuttering cures, I accidentally learned that such famus peple as Isaac Newtn and Winstn Churchill als stuttered. I was greatly relieved and then an idea suddenly hit me—if I’m smart, I shuldn’t allw my stuttering t stand between me and my success.
Anther bst t my self-cnfidence came days later as I was watching the news abut Oprah Winfrey, the famus talk shw hst and writer—she’s black t! Whenever I think f her stry and my frmer dislike f my clr, I’m practically filled with shame.
Tday, I’ve grwn t accept what I am with pride; it simply gives me feeling f uniqueness. The idea f self-lve has taken n a whle new meaning fr me: there’s always smething fantastic abut us, and what we need t d is learn t appreciate it.
11．What affected the authr’s adjustment t her schl life in Nrway？
A．Her appearance
B．Scial discriminatin.
C．Her changing emtins.
D．The climate in Nrway.
12．What did the authr’s ccasinal stuttering bring abut accrding n Paragraph 3?
A．Her lack f self-cnfidence.
B．Her lss f interest in schl.
C．Her unwillingness t greet her classmates.
D．Her desire fr chances t imprve herself.
13．Hw did the authr feel n nticing the similarity between her and the girl n the bus?
A．Blessed and prud.
B．Cnfused and afraid.
C．Amazed and relieved.
D．Shcked and ashamed.
14．What lessn did the authr learn frm the cases f Newtn and Churchill?
A．Great minds speak alike.
B．Stuttering is n barrier t success.
C．Wisdm cunts mre than hard wrk.
D．Famus peple can’t live with their weaknesses.
15．What can best summarize the message cntained in the passage?
A．Pride cmes befre a fall.
B．Where there is a will, there is a way.
C．Self-acceptance is based n the lve fr neself.
D．Self-lve is key t the attainment f self-pride.
（2021·天津·高考真题）When peple ask me hw I started writing, I find myself describing an urgent need that I felt t wrk with language. Having said that, I did nt knw fr a lng time what I was lking fr. It was nt until I fllwed this feeling t its surce that I discvered I had a passin fr writing. With sme encuragement frm my clleagues, I had ne f my pems published. This bit f success, hwever, was the pint where my prblem began.
Back in 1978, I had t travel between three different campuses in the mrning, teaching freshman cmpsitin. Afternns I spent taking my daughter t her ballet and hrse-riding lessns. I cmpsed my lectures n the way, and that was all the thinking time I had. When I returned hme, there was nt enugh f me left fr writing after a full wrking day.
As a way ut, I decided t get up tw hurs befre my usual time. My alarm was set fr 5:00 A．M. The first day I shut it ff because I had placed it within arm's reach. The secnd day I set tw clcks, ne n my night table, and ne ut in the hallway. I had t jump ut f bed and run t silence it befre my family was awken. This was when my mrning writing began.
Since that first mrning in 1978, I have been fllwing the habit t this day, nt making r accepting many excuses fr nt writing. I wrte my pems in this manner fr nearly ten years befre my first bk was published. When I decided t write a nvel, I divided my tw hurs: the first fr petry, the secnd fr fictin. Well r badly, I wrte at least tw pages a day. This is hw my nvel, The Line f the Sun. was finished. If I had waited t have the time, I wuld still be waiting t write my nvel.
What I gt ut f getting up in the dark t wrk is the feeling that I am in cntrl. Fr many peple, the initial sense f urgency t create easily dies away because it requires making the tugh decisin: taking the time t create, stealing it frm yurself if ifs the nly way.
16．What mtivated the authr t start her writing career?
A．Her strng wish t share.
B．Her keen interest in writing.
C．Her urgent need t make a living.
D．Her passinate desire fr fame.
17．What prblem did the authr face when she decided t begin her writing?
A．She was t exhausted t write after a busy day.
B．She had truble in deciding n her writing style.
C．She had t take time t discipline her daughter.
D．She was unsure abut her writing skills.
18．Why did the authr place an alarm clck in the hallway?
A．In case the clck in her rm brke dwn.
B．In case she failed t hear the ringing.
C．T frce herself ut f bed.
D．T wake up her family.
19．Hw did the authr manage t finish her nvel?
A．By sticking t writing every mrning.
B．By writing when her mind was mst active.
C．By drawing inspiratins frm classic nvels.
D．By reducing her teaching hurs at schl.
20．What can we learn frm the authr's success in her writing career?
A．It is never t late t change yur jb.
B．Imaginative ideas die away if nt taken in time.
C．A tight schedule is n excuse fr lack f actin.
D．Daily life prvides ideas fr creative writing.
（2020·天津·高考真题）“They tell me that yu’d like t make a statue(塑像) f me-is that crrect, Miss Vinnie Ream?”
The deep, gentle vice helped calm the nervus girl. Asking a favr f the President f the United States was n casual matter, especially fr a seventeen-year-ld girl.
“Yes, sir,” she replied, her dark eyes meeting his. “I wuldn’t have du ask yu, but my teacher, Mr. Mills, says I am ready. I plan t make it in an admirable manner. “
President Lincln smiled. “Painters, sculptrs-they’ve all tried t make the best f this rdinary face, but I’m afraid there’s nt much hpe. What did yu have in mind, Miss Ream? A bust(半身像)?”
Befre Vinnie culd say yes, the President hurried n, a shade f aplgy in his vice.
“Of curse-I shuldn’t have asked. A full-length pse wuld be much t big a prject fr a yung wman yur size. “
Vinnie’s face turned red. She realized she lked like a child, with her tiny figure. “Small des nt mean weak, sir,” she defended herself. “I was brn in the cuntry f Wiscnsin. I’ve driven teams f hrses and carried water. Making a full-length clay(粘土) figure wuld nt exhaust my strength-and that is what I intend t d!”
The President’s eyes, brightened at her shw f spirit. “Srry, madam, I have underestimated yu as I didn’t knw yur backgrund.”
But his smile faded as he rubbed his beard with bny fingers, in thught. “Miss Ream,” he sighed, “I’d like t let yu d it, but as yu knw, we are in the middle f a war. Hw culd I pssibly take the time t pse fr a sculpture nw? I hardly have a minute t myself.”
Vinnie glanced arund and nted the size f his ffice. “I wrk quickly,” she said. Her vice was sft but cnfident as she pinted t the crner near the windws. “If I were t bring my clay here and wrk fr three hurs every afternn, I culd cmplete mst f the prject while yu are at yur desk.”
The President seemed t cnsider her idea seriusly. He gt up and shk Vinnie’s hand warmly, “I’ve heard that yu are a talented yung wman, and I have fund yu charming and intelligent as well. I cannt make my decisin immediately, but yu will hear frm me sn.”
The very next day, Vinnie received an invitatin frm the President.
21．What gave Vinnie cnfidence t make her request f President Lincln?
A．Her aggressive persnality.
B．Mr. Mills’s encuraging remark.
C．President Lincln’s gentle vice.
D．Her interest in a challenging jb.
22．Hw did President Lincln first respnd t Vinnie’s request?
A．Pleased.
B．Thrilled.
C．Regretful.
D．Dubtful.
23．Vinnie cnfirmed her ability t make a full-length statue by highlighting ______.
A．her experience frm ther prjects
B．her inncent childhd in the cuntry
C．the heavy labr she had dne befre
D．the skill she picked up in Wiscnsin
24．Vinnie wanted t chse the crner near the windws t ______.
A．achieve effects f natural lighting
B．keep all her tls within easy reach
C．bserve the President at a right angle
D．avid disturbing the president’s wrk
25．What message des the stry cnvey?
A．A strng-willed sul can reach his gal.
B．Experience helps t prmte excellence.
C．Ups and dwns make ne strng.
D．Devtin requires enthusiasm.
（2020·天津·高考真题）One f the mst stressful days f Susan McFrederick’s life was watching her sn get wheeled away fr surgery hurs after he was brn in 2011.
But after the peratin, Susan burst int tears fr a different reasn: acrss the cut n their newbrn sns back was a sweet winter scene, hand-drawn n his bandages（绷带）.
“There were rlling hills f snw, a pine tree and a snwman with a hat and brm, she recalled. It was extremely tuching and cmfrting t knw that smebdy had taken the time t d that fr my family. It was a mment I'll never frget.”
Susan sn learned the artist was her sns surgen, Rbert Parry, wh discvered anther way t use his hands in the mid-1980 s during his internship（实习期）at children's medical center. where he saw ne f his clleagues cut ut heart and shark shapes t decrate children’s bandages.
“My first reactin was, 'What is he ding? Hey, that’s kind f neat,’ ” Parry recalled. “I especially liked the reactins f the parents and the patients when they saw his artwrk. The smiles tk everyne's attentin frm the surgery. Then I decided t fllw suit.”
Parry quickly graduated frm his early hearts and sharks, and started t surprise families with drawings that captured yung patients' persnalities. Frm Snpy t Spider-Man and bears t butterflies, there isn’t much he hasn’t drawn. Mst kids want superheres sprts team lgs r princesses, while babies ften receive scenes with flwers trees and sea creatures During the last 30 years, Parry estimates he has left examples f his handiwrk ver the stitches（伤口缝线） f mre than 10, 000 children.
“During a time f stress fr families, it's nice t be able t help them smile and laugh," Parry said. This is smething psitive that I can d fr them, which is what I like mst abut it.”
Fr Parry, the reward is knwing he hpefully made a difference in a child’s life, and except fr his drawings n bandages, they can g n and live their lives and never knw I was in it.” he said.
He's nt ready t retire, but he's fund a new hbby t keep his hands skillful in the years t cme.
“I've taken up knitting（编织）,” Parry said. “Hats, sweaters, glves---I enjy it all. But mstly, I enjy giving everything away.”
26．Susan burst int tears after her baby's peratin because she was__________.
A．mvedB．amused
C．stressedD．heartbrken
27．Hw did Parry get the idea f decrating children's bandages?
A．He was mtivated by his patients.
B．He was inspired by his clleague.
C．He was required t learn the skill during his internship.
D．He was encuraged by Susan t shw his genius fr art.
28．Parry's artwrks during the last 30 years shw that he__________.
A．devted himself mre t art than t medicine.
B．knew mre abut his patients than their parents.
C．tk int cnsideratin the tastes f individual patients.
D．created a large number f wrks beynd his expectatins.
29．What des Parry expect t achieve with his artwrks?
A．T get a reward frm the artistic circle.
B．T win the admiratin f his clleagues.
C．T make a difference in his dull medical career.
D．T lift the spirits f his patients and their parents.
30．What can we learn abut Parry frm the last tw paragraphs f the passage?
A．He is eager t shw thers his new skills.
B．He enjys trying new ways t help thers.
C．He is lking frward t life after retirement.
D．He is mre interested in knitting than drawing.
（2018·天津·统考高考真题）With a satisfied smile, Keisha finished the last sentence f her English essay abut ne f her heres, Rsa Parks, an imprtant figure in the Civil Rights Mvement.
“Keisha,” her mther shuted frm dwnstairs. “It’s almst 4:15.”
“Dn’t wrry. I wn’t be late. ” Keisha pulled dwn a strybk frm her bkshelf， as she always read t the nursing hme’s residents. And n an impulse（一时心血来潮）, she added her English ntebk as well.
As Keisha came running in the dr, the manager tld her, “We have a new resident this week, Mrs. Ruby Watsn. She’s still adjusting t her new surrundings. Yu’ll find her in Rm 28. And by the way, Keisha, gd luck.”
Keisha walked dwn the hallway at a quick pace. As she entered Rm 28, she met tw sharp brwn eyes staring at her dubtfully.
“I’m Keisha Jacksn, a vlunteer,” Keisha explained. “I cme here t help pass the time with residents, r read t them, r, . . .” Keisha started stammering（结巴）as Mrs.
Watsn cntinued t stare at her.
“I didn’t request anyne t keep me cmpany,” Mrs. Watsn interrupted. “I’m alne mst f the time, and that’s hw I prefer it.”
“I brught alng sme funny stries,” Keisha said hesitantly.
“I’m nt in the md fr funny stries,” Mrs. Watsn replied angrily. “What else d yu have?”
Nervusly, Keisha pened her ntebk t her essay. She read the title alud, “Rsa
Parks: A Wman f Curage and Cnvictin（信念）.” She glanced at Mrs. Watsn t see hw she might react, but t her surprise, Mrs. Watsn’s face relaxed and her eyes shne.
“Read t me abut Rsa,” Mrs. Watsn said.
Keisha read hw Rsa Parks’ refusal t give up her seat t a white passenger n a bus in 1955 inspired the prtest that became a turning pint in the struggle fr civil rights.
“I walked with Rsa Parks and Dr. Martin Luther King,” Mrs. Watsn said with pride. “That was the greatest mment f my life because…” She paused.
“Because… yu were a wman f curage and cnvictin t.”
Sitting up straighter, Mrs. Watsn said, “Yes, I was and I still am. Thank yu fr reminding me, Keisha. Next Thursday, I will tell yu my stry.”
31．Why did Keisha take her English ntebk alng?
A．Her mther asked her t take it.B．She wuld hand it in n her way.
C．She might read her essay t smene.D．The manager wanted t read her essay.
32．Why did the manager wish Keisha gd luck befre she visited Mrs. Watsn?
A．Mrs. Watsn culd be difficult.B．Mrs. Watsn was in pr health.
C．Keisha was feeling nervus.D．Keisha was a shy persn.
33．Mrs. Watsn’s eyes (Para. 10) suggested that she was ______.
A．amusedB．puzzled
C．annyedD．interested
34．What effect did Keisha’s essay have n Mrs. Watsn?
A．It arused her curisity in vlunteer wrk.
B．It built up her expectatin fr mre visitrs.
C．It awke her pride in her struggle fr civil rights.
D．It changed her attitude t the Civil Rights Mvement.
35．Readers may find this stry inspiring because ______.
A．a girl enjys learning abut her heresB．a girl helps smene feel appreciated
C．a wman vercmes hardship by herselfD．a wman gathers the curage fr life
（2019·天津·高考真题）An unpleasant smell flated int my nse as the bwl f fried stinky tfu（臭豆腐） settled nt my grandmther’s dinner table. I immediately sat back. The smell ruined my appetite, and I pushed the dish away.
“It’s suppsed t stink. Just give it a try!” my grandmther said.
Hlding my breath, I unwillingly tk a bite. T my surprise, the tfu beneath the fried skin was warm, sft, and muthwatering. Since then, whenever I visited my grandmther’s huse, I wuld rush t the kitchen fr the stinky tfu with excitement. Thus, stinky tfu became mre than a husehld traditin. It became my favrite dish.
Alng with the stinky tfu, I wuld meet my Uncle Chan n every visit. As an immature by, I never understd my uncle’s cnditin f Dwn syndrme（唐氏综合征）.
He was an unfriendly and terrible creature in my eyes. He cnstantly walked arund the huse, talking t himself. Whenever he was within view, I wuld run away in fear.
Hwever, ne day, my view f my uncle suddenly changed. I was just getting ut f my bed when I heard sft steps appraching. It was my uncle. My muscles frze. He slwly sat next t me and tuched my face gently, as a mther wuld strke （抚摸）a baby.
A wide smile emerged frm his blank expressin. Hw beautiful his smile was! I culd nt help but smile back. My fear disappeared gradually, and my muscles relaxed. Fr the first time, I culd see sftness and warmth in his eyes.
My uncle very much resembles stinky tfu. Stinky tfu smells unpleasant n the utside, yet feels warm and sft in the inside. Like stinky tfu, my uncle’s Dwn syndrme made me keep my distance at first. Yet, I learned that deep inside, he is harmless and has a lving nature.
Sme peple tend t lk dwn upn disabled peple and regard them as unfit fr a regular life. As I was able t see thrugh the uter surface f the tfu, these peple are unable t see thrugh the surface f prejudice（偏见）. As a result, they judge the disabled with ne glance.
The utside and inside f the stinky tfu exist as tw extremely different wrlds. Perhaps that is what makes it such a tasty dish. Nt nly is it delicius, stinky tfu ffers a valuable lessn: never judge peple at first glance, fr true beauty cmes frm the inside.
36．Why did stinky tfu becme the authr’s favrite dish?
A．It was related t family traditin.
B．It turned ut t be quite delicius.
C．Grandma encuraged him t try it.
D．His appetite fr fd had increased.
37．What did the authr think f his uncle at first?
A．He was a quiet persn.
B．He was an energetic guy.
C．He was an immature man.
D．He was a strange creature.
38．The authr’s attitude twards Uncle Chan changed when .
A．Chan’s ftsteps wke up the authr
B．Chan shwed his friendliness t the authr
C．Chan displayed his lve twards his mther
D．Chan’s blank expressin made the authr smile
39．The cmparisn between stinky tfu and the authr’s uncle serves t _.
A．highlight the nature f Uncle Chan
B．analyze the family relatinship
C．describe a childhd memry
D．intrduce a traditinal Chinese fd
40．What des the authr mainly want t tell us in the passage?
A．We shuldn’t judge by appearances.
B．A persn’s taste changes ver time.
C．Bld is thicker than water.
D．Yu are what yu eat.
（2017·天津·高考真题）Debra Avery has been a hrse lver since she was a little girl in San Dieg. Her family culdn't affrd a hrse f its wn, s Debra brrwed rides at the lcal hrse-riding center, gaining the cnfidence nly fund atp a hrse. Years later, Debra remembered thse early days, and the lessns she learned with the hrses at the riding center, and wanted t help ther yung wmen get the benefits f cnnecting with hrses. "I always wanted t run a hrse prgram fr girls like me," says Debra. "I wanted t help them gain the curage t be arund a hrse and t care fr a hrse."
One day at the Ls Angeles Hrse-riding Center, as Debra rde beside fellw rider Judith Hpkins, she mentined an inheritance (遗产) frm her father-in-law and her desire t use it t serve disadvantaged girls. Judith had the same dream—and a name fr the rganizatin.
They funded Taking the Reins (TTR) in 1998. The rganizatin serves mre than 400 yung wmen per year in after-schl, weekend, and summer prgrams that feature hrse riding and care, gardening and even cmpetitive hrse shwing. Mst participants live belw the pverty line and ften have nt had reliable husing fr mre than six mnths at a time. Few have previus hrse experience.
TTR uses farm and ranch experiences t teach respnsibility, leadership, teamwrk, and self-cnfidence. Directr Dr. Jane Haven says, "A large number f ur girls are smewhat autistic (孤独症的). I can't cunt hw many f them have fund their first scial friends thanks t sharing this hbby and activity. Hrses bring them ut in such a wnderful way."
Jane als sees members f TTR prgram excel in schl—100 percent f yung wmen invlved fr fur years r mre have graduated frm high schl. Ninety-nine percent f thse participants have gne n t attend fur-year clleges.
Debra sees a mre bvius impact—after a few weeks in the TTR prgram, the yung wmen sit a little higher in their saddles (马鞍). "There's just smething abut sitting up n the back f a hrse that gives them a bst f cnfidence."
41．Debra's early life was greatly influenced by ________.
A．her familyB．hrse riding
C．schl lessnsD．her fellw rider
42．What prgrams des TTR ffer?
A．Hrse riding and shwing.B．Hrse care and farming.
C．Pet care and gardening.D．Weekend hiking and camping.
43．Wh was the rganizatin funded fr?
A．Hmeless and lnely wmen.B．Hard-wrking schl girls.
C．Female autistic patients.D．Pr hrse-lving girls.
44．In what way has TTR changed its members' life?
A．They have been given financial aid.
B．They have achieved academic excellence.
C．They have grwn int prfessinal hrse riders.
D．They have been prvided with reliable husing.
45．What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A．TTR is a prfit-making rganizatin.B．TTR prgram lasts a few weeks.
C．The girls' cnfidence grws quickly.D．The girls can ride taller hrses.
【最新模拟】
（2024·天津·一模）Pja Rai was a yung architecture student in 2014 when she went with a friend t give fd t a lcal rphanage. She was surprised at what she saw.
Kids were playing with anything they culd get their hands n. One grup was rlling arund a brken metal pipe. Tw bys were trying t play badmintn, using ld shes as rackets. “Play shuldn’t just be part f a rich kid’s lifestyle. All kids have a right t enjy their childhds.” Rai says.
Over the next few weeks, she talked with friends abut cllecting mney fr a playgrund. And that’s when she thught f ld tires. Arund 100 millin tires are thrwn away in India every year. Culd they reuse them as playgrund materials and help the envirnment, t?
That idea became a reality in 2015, using ld tires—all cleaned, carefully lked ver t make sure they are safe t use, and painted in bright clrs. The fllwing year, she created Anthill Creatins, which has built 275 playgrunds acrss India—celebrating the pwer f play in public spaces rphanages, and schls.
“Our wrk always begins with talks with kids abut what they want frm this space.” says Rai. Smetimes it can take a few hurs, r a few visits, until children are ready t pen up. She als draws n her experience as an architect. “I fund that spaces are pwerful in shaping peple’s behavir.” she says.
Mst f the play spaces Rai designs feature large tire sculptures f cars, buildings, r animals, paired with mre classic elements f swings and jungle gyms.
In ne girl’s schl in Bengaluru, the children wanted their play space t be shaped int a bxing ring, with tires dubling up as punching bags. “Their teacher was unsure abut it.” Rai remembers. “But the girls said they didn’t want peple t see them as weak. They wanted t practice self-defense and grw strnger.” In December 2019, this playgrund became a reality.
1．What did Rai find ut abut the kids in a lcal rphanage?
A．They behaved badly.B．They were badly treated.
C．They had nthing t d but play.D．They were shrt f play equipment.
2．What did Rai d with the thrwn-away tires?
A．She renewed them in a tire shp.
B．She turned them int artistic wrks.
C．She used them t design play spaces.
D．She sld them t raise mney fr hungry kids.
3．What did Rai take int cnsideratin when carrying ut her wrk?
A．Children’s needs.B．Children’s experiences.
C．Her favurite childhd games.D．An architect friend’s suggestins.
4．What can we learn abut the girls frm the last paragraph?
A．They needed t build their cnfidence.
B．They wanted t win their teachers’ trust.
C．They finally had their dream playgrund.
D．They ften helped with cllecting ld tires.
5．Which f the fllwing can best describe Rai?
A．Talented and hard-wrking.B．Creative and kind-hearted.
C．Realistic and lnely.D．Pr but caring.
（2024·天津·一模）Many f ur family traditins centered arund fd. We’d gather in the kitchen fr every birthday and hliday and enjy delicius fd. My grandparents always held Christmas dinner, which included chicken cacciatre, sausage, meatballs and salad. But right befre we sat dwn t eat, my grandmther wuld pull me aside t shw me the dish she made just fr me: fresh pasta (意大利面) with tmat sauce.
It was a simple dish, but t me it was warm fd that filled me with happiness. But mre than that, it made me feel like I belnged. I was a shy kid and, in many situatins, I felt ignred. And here was my grandmther, shwing me that I mattered.
Years went by; I mved away and gt married. I’d visit thrughut the years and my grandmther wuld serve up a plate f pasta.
When my daughter was brn in 2020, fr the first time in my life I wasn’t abut t make the trip back hme fr Christmas. I cked my family’s traditinal fds and my husband and I had a big meal that included, f curse, fresh pasta. I had a vide call with my grandmther and shwed her the pasta. Shrtly after the hlidays she passed away unexpectedly.
It seemed s unfair that my grandmther passed away sn after I became a parent. I’d hld my daughter and think abut hw I culd tell her what an amazing great-grandmther she had.
In my sadness I came t an answer: fd. Late at night after my daughter had gne t bed, I’d g t the kitchen and learn hw t make fresh pasta, cking my grandmther’s recipes. Befre lng I started experimenting, making a bit changes t classic recipes. When my daughter gt a little lder, I began making special dishes fr her with my grandmther’s flavrs in mind.
I knw that n matter hw hard I try, my daughter will never have a bwl pasta with sauce exactly like the nes my grandmther wuld make fr me. While that makes me sad, she’ll still get t have my pasta sauce. I knw there’re tw things she’ll never lack fr in this life: pasta and lve.
6．What did the authr say abut her grandmther’s hmemade pasta?
A．It was a special birthday gift fr her.B．It brught her a sense f belnging.
C．It was lved by every family member.D．It tk a lt f time and energy t prepare.
7．What made the authr’s 2020 Christmas dinner different frm previus nes?
A．She didn’t share pasta with her husband.
B．She didn’t give her grandmther a call.
C．She didn’t prepare many traditinal family fds.
D．She didn’t have a chance t eat her grandmther’s pasta.
8．Why did the authr learn t make fresh pasta late at night?
A．T hnur her grandmther.B．T give her daughter a surprise.
C．T meet her grandmther’s wish.D．T be a rle mdel fr her daughter.
9．What can we learn abut the authr’s pasta sauce?
A．It isn’t easy t make.B．It isn’t t her daughter’s liking.
C．It tastes exactly the same as her grandmther’s.D．It shws her lve fr her daughter.
10．What’s the best title fr the text?
A．Different types f pastaB．The rigin f pasta
C．Lve thrugh pastaD．Pasta fr Christmas
（2024·天津河北·一模）On a cl autumn evening, while wandering thrugh the streets f the ld twn, my attentin was captured by a charming bkstre lcated between twering buildings. The warm light thrugh its windws drew me clser, and withut realizing it, I std at its entrance, peering thrugh the glass.
Earlier that day, after enjying a pleasant lunch with friends, I had decided t explre the city n ft. Despite passing thrugh this part f twn numerus times, I had never sptted the charming bkstre. Hwever, n this particular evening, smething abut it seemed irresistibly inviting.
Gently brushing away the fallen leaves frm the windw frame, I tk a clser lk inside. Rws f shelves filled with bks f varius sizes and clrs stretched acrss the small and friendly interir, each vlume whispering tales f adventure and wisdm. As my eyes mved ver the titles, a wave f fnd memries washed ver me, transprting me back t my childhd.
Grwing up, my wrld was dminated by sprts and utdr activities, ften at my father’s insistence. He wuld say, “Yu need t play ftball, Alex. It builds character.” Yet deep dwn, I always felt ut f place n the ftball field, my mind wandering t distant lands and heric tales.
Every Sunday, after an exhausting ftball match, I wuld secretly g t my rm and lse myself in bks. The characters became my friends, and their jurneys prvided my escape. I still vividly recall the verwhelming jy I experienced when I first read abut the adventures f a yung wizard. His bravery and determinatin deeply tuched me.
One day, ur schl librarian nticed my passin fr reading and suggested I jin the bk club. Hesitant and unsure f my father’s reactin, I tk the club flyer (宣传单) hme, my heart racing with a mix f fear and hpe. T my surprise, he was supprtive, his typically serius expressin sftening as he signed the permissin slip.
Jining the bk club marked a turning pint. I discvered a cmmunity where I truly belnged, and my passin fr reading was embraced and nurtured. I began t craft my wn stries, each ne reflecting my dreams and desires.
As I std there, lst in these thughts, the dr f bkstre pened, inviting me in. Stepping inside felt like cming hme, a place where dreams and reality met. It was a reminder f hw bks had shaped my life, guiding me thrugh the challenges f childhd and inspiring me t find my true passin.
11．What was the authr’s first impressin f the bkstre n the autumn evening?
A．It appeared t be clsed and deserted.B．It seemed disappinting and dark.
C．It was incredibly welcme.D．It lked mdern and busy.
12．Why did the authr’s father ask him t play ftball during his upbringing?
A．T imprve his strng persnal qualities.
B．T keep him physically fit and healthy.
C．T prepare him fr a sprts career.
D．T fllw a family traditin.
13．The father’s act f signing the club flyer implies that he is ________.
A．strict and demandingB．mindless and annying
C．cnsiderate and apprvingD．prtective and understanding
14．What effect did jining the bk club have n the authr?
A．It islated him frm scial life.B．It made him give up n sprts entirely.
C．It shaped the authr’s persnal grwth.D．It changed the authr’s view n reading.
15．What message des the authr’s stry cnvey
A．Meeting expectatins.B．Pursuing ne’s passins.
C．Explring with excitement.D．Priritizing physical activities.