高考英语二轮-冠词 （专项训练）（北京专用）（教师版）

这是一份高考英语二轮-冠词 （专项训练）（北京专用）（教师版），共26页。
TOC \ "1-2" \h \u \l "_Tc17943" 01 课标达标练
\l "_Tc22251" 考点01 考查不定冠词表泛指
\l "_Tc2717" 考点02 考查固定搭配中不定冠词的用法
\l "_Tc30632" 考点03 定冠词表特指
\l "_Tc10254" 考点04 考查固定搭配中定冠词的用法
\l "_Tc20184" 02 核心突破练
\l "_Tc5699" 03 真题溯源练
考向01 考查不定冠词表泛指
1.（24-25高三下·北京西城·二模）In February, the frestry bureau in Hunan prvince reprted 72 species f waterbirds that spent the previus winter at Dngting Lake. Black-faced spnbills, 20 rare and endangered species, were sighted at Dngting after a five-year absence.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：罕见的濒危物种黑脸琵鹭时隔5年再次出现在洞庭。此处species为可数名词单数形式，指“黑脸琵鹭”这一物种，应该用不定冠词，rare是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词a，故填a。
2.（24-25高三下·北京朝阳·二次六校联考）Easy access t a wide range f everyday gds leads t a sense f pwerlessness in many peple, ending in the shpper giving up and walking away, r just buying 15 unsuitable item that is nt really wanted.
【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。句意：同上。item为泛指，用不定冠词，且unsuitable是发音以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
(2024年北京市西城区高三二模) Black-faced spnbills, 14 rare and endangered species, were sighted at Dngting after a five-year absence.
【答案】 a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：罕见的濒危物种黑脸琵鹭时隔5年再次出现在洞庭。此处species为可数名词单数形式，指“黑脸琵鹭”这一物种，应该用不定冠词，rare是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词a，故填a。
4.These nvels, riginally published n the platfrm perated by Yuewen, nline Chinese literature cmpany, are deeply lved by readers nline.
【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。句意：这些小说最初发表在中国网络文学公司“阅文”运营的平台上，深受网络读者的喜爱。cmpany此处泛指“一家网络中文文学公司”，应用不定冠词；且nline是读音以元音音素开头的单词，其前应用an。
5. Spts have als embdied the inclusiveness and warmth f the Chinese peple, creating friendly bnds that cnnect China with the wrld and deepen internatinal interactins. Fr thse seeking t experience grassrts sprting enthusiasm in China, the “Village Super League” in Rngjiang Cunty, Guizhu, has becme must-see event.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：对于那些希望体验中国基层体育热情的人来说，贵州榕江县的“村超”已成为必看赛事。泛指“一个必看赛事”，用不定冠词，且must首字母的发音为辅音音素，冠词为a。故填a。
Li Ziqi, ne f China’s mst ppular influencers, made surprising cmeback n the afternn f Nvember 12 after she stpped psting vides fr mre than three years.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：李子柒，中国最受欢迎的网络名人之一，在停止发布视频三年多后的11月12日下午惊人回归。cmeback为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且surprising是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。
Fan Yifeng, prfessr f Dalian Minzu University， said that integrating (融合) Chinese cultural symbls with sprts is a great way t prmte the Chinese culture at internatinal sprts events.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：大连民族大学教授范一峰表示，将中国文化符号与体育相结合是在国际体育赛事中推广中国文化的好方法。此处prfessr为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
8.“We rlled ut this exhibit mainly t prmte traditinal Chinese culture thrugh creative events, in way that is mre entertaining and appealing t yung peple,” said Tania Wan, deputy general manager f Bank f China, which started the prgram.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：中国银行副总经理Tania Wan表示：“我们推出这一展览主要是为了通过创意活动推广中国传统文化，以一种更有趣、更吸引年轻人的方式。此处表示泛指“以一种更有趣、更吸引年轻人的方式”，且way以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
9.This is the first time that an internatinal petry festival has been held fr BRICS natins (金砖国家)by China, leaving deep impressin n these pets.
【答案】a
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：这是中国首次为金砖国家举办国际诗歌节，给这些诗人留下了深刻的印象。leave a deep impressin n... 是固定短语，意为 “给……留下深刻印象”，所以此处用不定冠词a。故填a。
Arund 500 BC, the states f the Zhu Dynasty era spread t the Yangtze basin that suffered frm disasters, peridic large-scale flding, and each year, they faced mnsn strms and typhn winds alng the cast. The thick frests then were ready supply f wd.
【答案】a
【解析】考查不定冠词。句意：当时茂密的森林是现成的木材供应。“supply”意为“供应”，可数名词表泛指，因此所填空为不定冠词做限定词。“a ready supply”意为“现成的供应”。故填a。
11.Rbtic help wuld be a bn fr the vineyard. Harvest time is shrt and intense — a ten-day flurry (繁忙) f activity when typical English vineyard’s staff will swell five-fld.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：收获时间短暂而紧张——典型的英格兰葡萄园这十天收获期内活动频繁，工作人员数量会增加五倍。此处泛指“一个典型的英国葡萄园的全体员工”，且以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
12.Peple have been talking abut Xia Hua, hairdresser wh listens and understands. They praise her with the phrase, “a cut that makes yu lk great,” and appreciate her sincerity and devtin. 【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：人们一直在谈论晓华，一个倾听和理解的理发师。根据句意可知，这里表示泛指“一个理发师”，“hairdresser”是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词“a”。故填a。
13.Prper planning will ensure mre enjyable and memrable experience explring the scenic beauty and cultural heritage f Munt Wudang.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：适当的计划将确保在武当山探索风景和文化遗产时，获得更愉快和难忘的体验。此处泛指一次更愉快和难忘的体验，应用不定冠词，且mre发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a，故填a。
14.As signature part f Chinese culture, the Spring Festival is ne f the mst imprtant festivals celebrated at hme and abrad.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：作为中国文化的标志性组成部分，春节是国内外最重要的节日之一。此处泛指“一个中国文化的标志性组成部分”，应用不定冠词，且signature以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
The Spring Festival embdies the essence f Chinese philsphy and familial values, reflecting unique mixture f Cnfucianism, Taism, and Buddhism.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：春节体现了中国哲学和家庭价值观的精髓，反映了儒家、道家和佛教的独特融合。可数名词mixture在句中表示“一种独特的融合”，泛指，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
考向02 考查固定搭配中不定冠词的用法
1.China is leading the glbal transitin t cleaner energy, with significant advancements in its wind and phtvltaic (PV) (光电的) pwer industries. S far, China’s installed PV capacity has reached abut 470 millin kilwatts, leading the glbal rankings fr eight years in rw, while its wind pwer capacity hit 389 millin kilwatts, leading glbally fr 13 years, accrding t the Natinal Energy Administratin (NEA).
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：根据国家能源局（NEA）的数据，到目前为止，中国的光伏装机容量已达到约4.7亿千瓦，连续8年领先全球，而风电装机容量达到3.89亿千瓦，连续13年领先全球。in a rw是固定短语，意为“连续”，因此空格处用a，故填a。
2．It’s dangerus fr a green hand like yu t drive at speed f 120 kilmetres an hur.
【答案】a
【详解】考查冠词。句意：像你这样的新手以每小时120公里的速度开车是很危险的。at a speed f是固定短语，意为“以……的速度”，因此空格处用a，故填a。
3．Peple have tendency t lean twards whatever they are interested in. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】a
【详解】考查冠词。句意：人们总是倾向于他们感兴趣的东西。短语have a tendency t表示“倾向于”。故填a。
4．It is evident that AI will have impact n peple’s lives in the future. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】an
【详解】考查冠词。句意：很明显，人工智能将在未来对人们的生活产生影响。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语have an impact n…，意为“对……产生影响”，空格处应用不定冠词an。故填an。
5．As cnsequence, children becme s reliant n their parents that they have n independent thught r creative ideas. (
【答案】a
【详解】考查冠词。句意：因此，孩子们变得如此依赖父母，以至于他们没有独立的思考或创造性的想法。as a cnsequence为固定短语，意为“因此，结果”。故填a。
6．It shws that a knwledge f first aid can make real difference.
【答案】a
【详解】考查冠词。句意：这表明急救知识可以产生真正的影响。make a(n)意为“产生……影响，起……作用”，为固定搭配，空后的real发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
7.Researchers stated that memries can have impact n ur persnalities, but they are nt defined s strictly.
【答案】an
【解析】句意：研究人员表示，记忆可以对我们的性格产生影响，但它们并没有如此严格的定义。固定短语have an impact n对……有影响。故填an。
8.As whle, characters are a symbl f Chinese civilizatin, bridging the past, present and future.
【答案】a
【解析】句意：总的来说，汉字是中华文明的象征，连接着过去、现在和未来。as a whle为固定搭配，意为“总的来说”。故填a。
9.Standing 40 feet tall with width f 12 feet in Sunset Park, Brklyn.
【答案】a
【解析】句意：这座令人印象深刻的建筑位于布鲁克林日落公园，高达40英尺，宽12英尺，拥有九个屋顶和两根柱子，不仅横跨了第八大道上的第60街和第61街，还象征着布鲁克林与其姐妹区——北京朝阳区的联系。修饰名词“width”，构成短语“with a width”，意为“宽……”，符合句意。故填a。
考向03 考查定冠词表特指
1. Street fd is anther imprtant part f fd landscape, with radside stands and markets ffering tasty treats like bun cha (grilled prk with rice ndles).
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：街头食品是越南美食图中的另一个重要部分。此处特指越南的美食图，应用定冠词the。故填the。
Recently, Kaifeng has attracted natinal attentin because f the cllective cycling trend frm Zhengzhu t it. As capital f the Nrthern Sng Dynasty, Kaifeng has a lng histry and numerus turist attractins, such as the Kaifeng Museum and the Drum Twer.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：作为北宋的都城，开封历史悠久，名胜古迹众多，如开封博物馆和鼓楼。此处特指“北宋的都城”，故应用定冠词the修饰，故填the。
Perfrmers wear prtective gear, such as straw hats and sheepskin jackets, but injuries are cmmn due t intense heat.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：表演者穿戴防护装备，如草帽和羊皮夹克，但由于高温，受伤很常见。此处特指“打树花表演时的高温”，用定冠词the表特指。故填the。
Every delicate pattern f these frameless lanterns is carefully crafted using a tiny embridery (绣花) needle. Each square centimeter f paper demands arund 100 needle punctures. Depending n the lantern’s size, number f punctures can vary frm several hundred thusand t ver 1 millin. Patience is thus vital fr craftsmen.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：根据灯笼的大小，针孔的数量可以从几十万个到一百多万个不等。此处用定冠词the，the number f表示“……的数量”为固定短语。故填the。
China has been cmmitted t expsing the wrld t the charms f Chinese ICH. On Cultural and Natural Heritage Day, which falls n secnd Saturday f June, a variety f activities are held t equip peple with in-depth knwledge abut the histry and the imprtance f cultural heritage, including exhibitins, guided tur t histrical sites and s n.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：6月的第二个星期六是文化和自然遗产日，在这一天，人们会举办各种各样的活动，让人们深入了解历史和文化遗产的重要性，包括展览、历史遗迹导览等。secnd为序数词，前面应填写定冠词the，特指6月的第二个星期六。故填the。
Army helicpters tried t evacuate injured after the earthquake. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】the
【详解】考查冠词。句意：地震后，军用直升机试图疏散伤者。“the + 形容词” 表示一类人，the injured表示“伤者；受伤的人”。根据句意，故填the。
Accrding t 2 225-year-ld frm Shanghai, establishing this grup was just a spur-f-the-mment decisin, 3and she didn’t invest much time in managing it afterwards.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：据这位来自上海的25岁女孩说，创建这个小组只是一个偶然的决定，之后她并没有在里面花太多时间。此处特指上文提到的“Cheng Yuyan”，用定冠词修饰，故填the。
Prcelain is the creative fruit f 8 wrking peple f ancient China.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：瓷器是中国古代劳动人民创造的成果。此处特指“中国古代劳动人民”，前应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
This represents tw fundamentally ppsite frces in 35 universe: light and dark, male and female, ht and cld.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：这代表了宇宙中两种基本相反的力量：光与暗，男与女，热与冷。世界上独一无二的事物都具有特指意义，短语the universe表示“宇宙”。故填the。
Its terraced fields fllw 3 landfrm f the muntains, at heights ranging frm 300 t 1,200 meters abve sea level.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：它的梯田是遵循山的地形而建，海拔高度从300米到1200米不等。此处意为“……的地形”，特指山的地形，landfrm是辅音音素开头，表达为the landfrm f…，故填the。
“Only when I take the needle ut and tuch the silk thread, I feel 21 fully (full)cmfrtable,” says Zu Yingzi, an inheritr f Su embridery(刺绣), an ancient craft that riginates frm the garden city f Suzhu in Jiangsu prvince. The day befre the interview, 22 53-year-ld wman wrked mre than 10 hurs, until late int the night, n a large piece f Su embridery.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：采访前一天，53岁的老人连续工作了10多个小时，直到深夜，才完成了一幅大型苏绣作品。此处表示特指“这位53岁的老妇人”，所以为定冠词the。故填the。
考向04 考查固定搭配中定冠词的用法
It is ften time-cnsuming t travel by car r bus in a cuntry 21 size f China. Cnsequently, high speed trains make gd sense.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：在中国这么大的国家，乘汽车或公共汽车旅行往往很耗时。此处size特指中国的大小应用定冠词。故填the。
With 28 help frm lcal farmers and VMart Pilipin Stre in Nttingham, he credited his successful pie 29t lts f planning and a willingness t lean int the prcess.
28．考查冠词。句意：在当地农民和诺丁汉VMart菲律宾店的帮助下，他把自己的成功归功于大量的计划和在制作过程中学习的意愿。此处help特指当地农民和诺丁汉VMart菲律宾店的帮助，应用定冠词。故填the。
3．There, I wuld always see same elderly lady feeding the pigens. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】the
【详解】考查冠词。句意：在那里，我总是看到同一个老太太在喂鸽子。same前需要使用定冠词the。故填the。
4.Set in 1960s, it's nt surprising that the family has t deal with lts f scial changes.
【答案】the
【详解】考查冠词。句意：背景设定在20世纪60年代，这一家人不得不应对许多社会变化，这不足为奇。in the 1960s意为“在20世纪60年代”。故填the。
The huse used t be in my pssessin, but nw it is in __________ pssessin f an ld lady.
【答案】the
【详解】考查冠词。句意：这房子过去归我所有，但现在归一位老太太所有。短语in the pssessin f表示“拥有”，故填the。
5．On __________ ther hand, being yung and ld at the same time has its attractins.
【答案】the
【详解】考查冠词。句意: 另一方面, 同时做到既年轻有活力又历史悠久也有其吸引力。n the ther hand是固定搭配, 意为“另一方面”。故填the。
6．It is said that Jim has gt a gd jb in a big cmpany, and he is paid by __________ week.
【答案】the
【详解】考查冠词。句意：据说吉姆在一家大公司找到了一份好工作，他的工资按周计算。薪酬按周或小时等单位计算，在week或hur等前加the。故填the。
题型一 阅读理解
A
（2025届北京第八中学高三下热身练）The student arrived early, sat frnt and center, and std ut in my classrm in mre ways than ne. I’d say that he was abut 40 years lder than his classmates in my undergraduate cmmunicatins class. He eagerly jumped int class discussins, with his humr and wisdm f experience. And he was always respectful f the ther students’ perspectives, as if each f them were a teacher. Jerry Valencia walked in with a smile — and he left with ne t.
“These students gave me the cnfidence that I didn’t need t feel bad abut my age,” Valencia says.
One day, I sptted Valencia n campus. He said he wuld have t stp taking classes that semester and reapply fr next year. By then, he hped t have earned enugh mney and have his student-lan papers in rder. He asked seriusly whether he culd still sit in n my cmmunicatins class.
Sure, I said. But he wuldn’t get any credit.
N prblem, he said.
Sn there he was again, back at his ld desk, jumping int ur discussins n hw t find and tell stries in Ls Angeles — a 63-year-ld man with as much energy and curisity as any f the yungsters in class.
A lt f Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he culdn’t affrd that semester’s tuitin but was still ding the hmewrk. “Here he is, willingly taking a class fr the delight f it and benefit f learning,” says Jessica Espinsa, a 25-year-ld junir. Afterward, I verheard Valencia wanted t stay in schl until he earned a master’s degree, but it had taken him 12 years t finish cmmunity cllege, s he had a lng way t g.
There is smething splendidly unreasnable abut Valencia’s determinatin t get a fur-year degree and then a master’s. At his current pace, he’ll be 90 when he finally hangs all that paper n the wall. But that desn’t seem especially relevant. He’s fund all the yuthful energy and academic pprtunity stimulating. Valencia’s grade in my class this semester will nt shw up n his transcripts (成绩单). But I’m giving him an A — and in the mst imprtant ways, it cunts.
1．What made Valencia different frm his classmates?
A．He was respectful t the teacher.B．He activated the class atmsphere.
C．He was eager t learn despite his age.D．He ften put frward different pinins.
2．Accrding t the authr, why did Valencia cntinue t attend classes?
A．He treasured the chance f learning.B．He wished t shw his determinatin.
C．He needed the credits t further his study.D．He desired t have an A n his transcripts.
3．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．N pains, n gains.B．It is never t ld t learn.
C．Strike the irn while it is ht.D．Where there is life, there is hpe.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B
【来源】2025届北京市第八中学高三下学期热身练英语试题
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一个关于“活到老，学到老”的故事。杰里·瓦伦西亚是一个63岁的大三学生，尽管年龄很大，但他对学习仍然充满热情。在课堂上，他会积极参加讨论，尊重其他同学的观点，很多学生对他的精神充满了敬佩。他并没有足够的钱去支付学费但他仍不放弃，通过工作赚钱，坚持继续完成学业，还要继续读研。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The student arrived early, sat frnt and center, and std ut in my classrm in mre ways than ne. I’d say that he was abut 40 years lder than his classmates in my undergraduate cmmunicatins class.(这个学生很早就到了，坐在前排和中间，在我的教室里，他在很多方面都很突出。我得说，他比我本科传播学班上的同学大40岁左右)”、第三段“He said he wuld have t stp taking classes that semester and reapply fr next year. By then, he hped t have earned enugh mney and have his student-lan papers in rder. He asked seriusly whether he culd still sit in n my cmmunicatins class. (他说他那学期将不得不停止上课，并重新申请明年的课程。到那时，他希望能赚到足够的钱，并把学生贷款文件办妥。他严肃地问我是否还能旁听我的交际课)”、第六段“Sn there he was again, back at his ld desk, jumping int ur discussins n hw t find and tell stries in Ls Angeles—a 63-year-ld man with as much energy and curisity as any f the yungsters in class. (很快，他又回来了，回到他的旧桌子旁，加入到我们关于如何在洛杉矶寻找和讲述故事的讨论中——一个63岁的男人，和班上任何一个年轻人一样充满活力和好奇心)”、第七段“A lt f Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he culdn’t affrd that semester’s tuitin but was still ding the hmewrk.(瓦伦西亚的很多同学显然知道他付不起那学期的学费，但他仍然在做作业)”和“Afterward, I verheard Valencia wanted t stay in schl until he earned a master’s degree, but it had taken him 12 years t finish cmmunity cllege, s he had a lng way t g.(后来，我无意中听到瓦伦西亚想留在学校直到获得硕士学位，但他花了12年时间才完成社区大学学业，所以他还有很长的路要走)”可知，瓦伦西亚与他的同学的不同之处在于：尽管他年纪大了，但他渴望学习。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“A lt f Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he culdn’t affrd that semester’s tuitin but was still ding the hmewrk. “Here he is, willingly taking a class fr the delight f it and benefit f learning,” says Jessica Espinsa, a 25-year-ld junir.(瓦伦西亚的许多同学显然知道他付不起那学期的学费，但他仍在做作业。25岁的大三学生杰西卡·埃斯皮诺萨说：“他来了，为了学习的乐趣和益处，他很乐意去上课。”)”可知，瓦伦西亚继续上课是因为他得到了学习的乐趣，珍惜学习的机会。故选A。
3．主旨大意题。通读全文，本文讲述了一个关于“活到老，学到老”的故事。杰里·瓦伦西亚是一个63岁的大三学生，尽管年龄很大，但他对学习仍然充满热情。在课堂上，他会积极参加讨论，尊重其他同学的观点，很多学生对他的精神充满了敬佩。他没有足够的钱去支付学费但他仍不放弃，通过工作赚钱，坚持继续完成学业，还要继续读研。可得出这篇文章主要告诉我们“It is never t ld t learn. (活到老，学到老。)”的道理。故选B。
B
（2025届北京精华学校高三下三模 ）Rising glbal carbn dixide levels tied t glbal warming may nt be as crucial in determining the cmpsitin f plant cmmunities as ther lcalized climate changes.
“Nbdy really knws what the increases in carbn dixide are ging t entail in terms f future changes in vegetatin types,” said Mark Brenner, a University f Flrida assistant prfessr f palelimnlgy, the study f ancient lakes. “It lks like climate changes in different areas may be mre imprtant than carbn dixide, at least carbn dixide by itself,” he said.
Brenner’s research team based their cnclusins n an analysis f sediment (沉积物) frm tw lake bttms, ne in nrthern Mexic and ne in nrthern Guatemala. The researchers used new techniques that allwed them t analyze nly the remains f land plants, specifically their leaf waxes. By measuring the istpe cmpsitin f the leaf waxes, the researchers were able t distinguish tw brad categries f plants living in these areas — s-called C3 and C4 plants, which have different phtsynthetic (光合作用的) prcesses, the prcess by which green plants turn carbn dixide and water int fd using energy frm sunlight. Many C4 plants are trpical grasses, while mst trpical trees are C3 plants. The researchers analyzed sediments depsited ver the last 27,000 years, frm the last ice age t the current gelgical perid. Over this perid, there was a wrldwide, relatively unifrm increase in atmspheric carbn dixide cncentratins.
Brenner said that if carbn dixide played the majr rle in determining plant cmpsitin, ne wuld assume that analysis f the sediments wuld reveal very similar changes in relative abundance f C3 and C4 plants in the tw places ver the study perid. But, in fact, the researchers fund that trends in the tw types f plants were different at the tw lcatins. The changes were related nt with carbn dixide levels, but with shifts in rainfall. “The result appears t be that climate factrs, especially misture availability, determine whether C4 r C3 plants dminate in an area, nt carbn dixide,” Brenner said.
Many scientists believe glbal warming will cause majr variatin in lcal climates wrldwide, with sme wet areas becming dry and dry areas becming wet. If that happens, it culd have mre impact n relative C3 versus C4 plant distributin than the rising carbn dixide levels.
1．What can be inferred in the first paragraph?
A．Climate change affects plant cmmunity cmpsitin mre than rising CO2 levels.
B．Lcalized climate shifts may nt be as crucial as carbn dixide.
C．Nbdy knws which ne is imprtant.
D．Carbn dixide levels is crucial t the glbal warming.
2．Accrding t the third paragraph, which ne is NOT true?
A．Trpical grasses are usually C4 plants.
B．C3 and C4 plants used t live in nrthern Mexic and Guatemala.
C．C3 and C4 plants dn’t have the same prcesses.
D．Trpical trees are all C3 plants.
3．Why were trends in C3 and C4 plants different at the tw lcatins?
A．The assumptin that carbn dixide played the majr rle is wrng.
B．The carbn dixide played an imprtant rle.
C．The misture availability was different.
D．The carbn dixide level was different.
4．What’s the main idea f the passage?
A．Climates factrs determine the plant distributin and cmpsitin f plant cmmunities.
B．Glbal warming will cause majr variatin.
C．Hw has Brenner’s research team prved a truth.
D．C3 and C4 plants are imprtant plants in determining the cmpsitin f plant cmmunities.
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．A
【来源】2025届北京市精华学校高三下学期三模英语试题
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过对墨西哥北部和危地马拉北部湖泊沉积物的研究，指出气候因素尤其是水分供应决定植物分布和群落组成，而非二氧化碳水平。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Rising glbal carbn dixide levels tied t glbal warming may nt be as crucial in determining the cmpsitin f plant cmmunities as ther lcalized climate changes.(与全球变暖相关的全球二氧化碳水平上升，在决定植物群落组成方面，可能不如其他局部气候变化那么关键)”可知，气候变化对植物群落组成的影响比二氧化碳水平上升更大。由此可推断出，气候变化比二氧化碳水平上升对植物群落组成的影响更大。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Many C4 plants are trpical grasses, while mst trpical trees are C3 plants.(许多C4植物是热带草类，而大多数热带树木是C3植物)”可知，只是说大多数热带树木是C3植物，并非所有热带树木都是C3植物，D选项“Trpical trees are all C3 plants.(热带树木都是C3植物)”表述过于绝对，与原文不符。故选D项。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The result appears t be that climate factrs, especially misture availability, determine whether C4 r C3 plants dminate in an area, nt carbn dixide.(结果似乎是，气候因素，尤其是水分供应，决定了一个地区是C4植物还是C3植物占主导地位，而不是二氧化碳)”可知，两个地方C3和C4植物的趋势不同是因为水分供应不同。故选C项。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“Rising glbal carbn dixide levels tied t glbal warming may nt be as crucial in determining the cmpsitin f plant cmmunities as ther lcalized climate changes.(与全球变暖相关的全球二氧化碳水平上升，在决定植物群落组成方面，可能不如其他局部气候变化那么关键)”以及第四段中“The result appears t be that climate factrs, especially misture availability, determine whether C4 r C3 plants dminate in an area, nt carbn dixide.(结果似乎是，气候因素，尤其是水分供应，决定了一个地区是C4植物还是C3植物占主导地位，而不是二氧化碳)”可知，文章主要论述了气候因素尤其是水分供应决定植物分布和群落组成，而非二氧化碳水平。A选项“Climates factrs determine the plant distributin and cmpsitin f plant cmmunities.(气候因素决定植物分布和植物群落组成)”能概括文章主旨。故选A项。
题型二 语法填空
A
阅读下面材料，根据上下文在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The animated film Ne Zha 2, 1 (release) n January 29,2025, has becme a huge success in the film industry. Directed by Jiazi, it cntinues the exciting stry f Ne Zha and A Bing frm the first mvie.
After 2 (survive) a terrible disaster called the ”Heavenly Tribulatin“, Ne Zha and A Bing lst their physical bdies. Their suls were in great danger until Taiyi Zhenren, 3 wise immrtal frm Chinese mythlgy, 4 (save) them using a magical seven-clred ltus. Hwever, peace did nt last lng. Their suls began t disappear again, frcing Taiyi t face a difficult task—rebuilding their bdies 5 limited materials while slving unexpected prblems.
The film shws remarkable character 6 (grw) . Ne Zha, nce knwn fr his rebellius nature, learns t care deeply fr his friends and understand his true self. His friend A Bing, wh used t struggle with persnal trubles, transfrms int a brave warrir.
The mst 7 (frget) part is the final battle, 8 characters use amazing weapns like the shape-changing Tianyuan Ding. The fast-paced fighting and brilliant special effects leave a strng impressin.
9 the film teaches is curage, justice, and friendship which resnate 10 (wide), cntributing t its bx ffice success and critical acclaim.
【答案】
1．released 2．surviving 3．a 4．saved 5．with 6．grwth 7．unfrgettable 8．where 9．What 10．widely
【来源】2025届四川省成都市成都石室中学高三下学期高考适应性考试（二）英语试题
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了2025年1月29日上映的《哪吒 2》大获成功，讲述哪吒和敖丙灵魂获救后太乙重建其肉身的故事，传递勇义与友谊。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：动画电影《哪吒 2》于2025年1月29日上映，在电影界取得了巨大成功。空处考查非谓语动词，film与release为被动关系，再由语境可知，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填released。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：在经历了一场名为“天劫”的可怕灾难后，哪吒和敖丙失去了肉身。after为介词，后接动名词作宾语。故填surviving。
3．考查冠词。句意：他们的灵魂处于极大的危险之中，直到中国神话中一位睿智的仙人太乙真人用一朵神奇的七彩莲花救了他们。immrtal为可数名词，此处表泛指“一位睿智的仙人”，所以此空应填不定冠词，且wise以辅音音素开头。故填a。
4．考查时态。句意：他们的灵魂处于极大的危险之中，直到中国神话中一位睿智的仙人太乙真人用一朵神奇的七彩莲花救了他们。这里考查谓语动词，主语Taiyi Zhenren与save为主动关系，且此处描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。故填saved。
5．考查介词。句意：他们的灵魂再次开始消散，迫使太乙面对一项艰巨的任务 —— 用有限的材料重建他们的身体，同时解决意想不到的问题。这里应填介词with，在此处表示“用（某种材料或工具）”，符合语境。故填with。
6．考查名词。句意：这部电影展现了显著的角色成长。shw后接名词作宾语，grw的名词形式为grwth，表“成长”时为不可数名词。故填grwth。
7．考查形容词。句意：最令人难忘的部分是最后的战斗，角色们使用了像可变形的天元鼎这样的惊人武器。空处作定语修饰part，结合语境可知，此处指“令人难忘的”，用形容词unfrgettable。故填unfrgettable。
8．考查定语从句。句意：最令人难忘的部分是最后的战斗，角色们使用了像可变形的天元鼎这样的惊人武器。空处引导定语从句，先行词为the final battle，表抽象地点，且在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。
9．考查主语从句。句意：这部电影所传达的是勇气、正义和友谊，这些主题引起了广泛的共鸣，促成了它的票房成功和口碑好评。空处引导主语从句，在从句中作teaches的宾语，指“…… 的内容”，用连接代词what引导，且句首时首字母应大写。故填What。
10．考查副词。句意：这部电影所传达的是勇气、正义和友谊，这些主题引起了广泛的共鸣，促成了它的票房成功和口碑好评。空处修饰动词resnate，应用副词widely，表“广泛的”。故填widely。
B
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Ru Kiln (汝窑) was ne f the five famus kilns in the Sng Dynasty. Even tday, it is believed 11 (hld) a crucial psitin in Chinese prcelain (瓷器) culture. Lcated in Ruzhu, Henan Prvince, it dedicated its prductin mainly t the ryal curt during the late Nrthern Sng Dynasty when the demand fr high-quality prcelain amng the nble was 12 its peak.
During the firing prcess, small pinted pieces f metal, which are arranged t supprt the precisely 13 (craft) prcelain, leave tiny marks n the bttm and play an imprtant rle in fully glazing (上釉) the prcelain bdy. The glaze, 14 clr and texture are unique t Ru prcelain, is its mst remarkable feature. Additinally, the prcelain bdy features delicate “crab claw patterns” cracks, which are 15 unusual and eye-catching characteristic. What causes these cracks is 16 the expansin rates between the glaze and the prcelain bdy vary as the temperature changes during the cling prcess and they 17 (becme) an intensely attractive part f the prcelain’s charm fr generatins.
In 2001, the Ru Kiln site, where numerus precius prcelain-making 18 (remain) were unearthed, became a Natinal Key Cultural Relic Prtectin Unit. In 2011, its firing technique, passed dwn with great care, was added t the list f Natinal Intangible Cultural Heritage, shwing its great value in Chinese culture. These recgnitins 19 (effective) demnstrate the Ru Kiln’s prfund significance, with its existence 20 (functin) as a living testament t China’s extensive prcelain-making heritage.
【答案】
11．t hld 12．at 13．crafted 14．whse 15．an 16．that 17．have becme 18．remains 19．effectively 20．functining
【来源】2025届湖北省襄阳市第五中学高三下学期适应考试三英语试题
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了宋代五大名窑之一的汝窑。
11．考查不定式。句意：即使在今天，它也被认为在中国瓷器文化中占有至关重要的地位。sb. is believed t d sth.是固定短语，意为“某人被认为做某事”，因此空格处是不定式t hld。故填t hld。
12．考查介词。句意：它位于河南省汝州，在北宋晚期，贵族对高品质瓷器的需求达到顶峰，主要为皇室生产。at its peak意为“达到巅峰”，因此空格处用介词at，故填at。
13．考查形容词。句意：在烧制过程中，用来支撑精确制作的瓷器的小尖金属片会在底部留下微小的痕迹，并在瓷体上釉方面发挥重要作用。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词prcelain，空格处意为“精心制作的”，用crafted，故填crafted。
14．考查定语从句。句意：釉的颜色和质地是汝瓷所特有的，是其最显著的特点。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，The glaze和clr and texture之间是所属关系，因此用表所属的关系代词whse引导定语从句，故填whse。
15．考查冠词。句意：此外，瓷体上还有精致的“蟹爪纹”裂纹，这是一个不寻常的、引人注目的特征。characteristic是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，unusual是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。
16．考查表语从句。句意：造成这些裂纹的原因是在冷却过程中，随着温度的变化，釉面和瓷体之间的膨胀率也会发生变化，它们已经成为一代又一代瓷器魅力中极具吸引力的一部分。空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此用that引导表语从句，故填that。
17．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：造成这些裂纹的原因是在冷却过程中，随着温度的变化，釉面和瓷体之间的膨胀率也会发生变化，它们已经成为一代又一代瓷器魅力中极具吸引力的一部分。根据语境可知，句子表示“它们已经成为一代又一代瓷器魅力中极具吸引力的一部分”，句子用现在完成时，主语they是复数，因此空格处是have becme。故填have becme。
18．考查名词的复数。句意：2001年，汝窑遗址成为全国重点文物保护单位，出土了大量珍贵的瓷器制作遗迹。根据“were”，空格处意为“遗址”，要用复数remains作主语。故填remains。
19．考查副词。句意：这些认可有效地证明了汝窑的深远意义，它的存在是中国广泛的瓷器制作遗产的活证明。空格处用副词effectively修饰动词demnstrate，effectively意为“有效地”，故填effectively。
20．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些认可有效地证明了汝窑的深远意义，它的存在是中国广泛的瓷器制作遗产的活证明。此处是with复合结构，existence和functin之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，作宾语补足语，故填functining。
C
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Chinese rbtics start-up shares a film f its prductin facility n its fficial website, which reprtedly 21 (prduce) at least 962 humanid rbts s far. In 22 4: 02-minute vide, it shwcases varius stages f the rbtic prductin line at its Lingang Fengxian factry in Shanghai, 23 features self-made humanid rbts wrking alngside human wrkers. Mrever, the cmpany has established 24 it calls a “data cllectin factry” fr real-wrld data gathering, including training scenaris such as flding clthes, rganizing, cleaning and ding the laundry.
Industry bserver Hng Shadun ntes that humanid rbts have evlved frm labratry prttypes t substaintial prducts, 25 this year’s rbts entering a phase f increased intelligence and versatility (多功能). 26 (cmpare) with ther glbal cmpetitrs, China 27 (psitin) better t achieve higher utput f humanid rbts at lwer csts. Meanwhile, Chinese cmpanies excel 28 (particular) in mtin cntrl and the explratin f advanced AI mdels. Hng als mentins the fcus fr next year in this industry will be n expanding practical applicatins in specific scenaris. Hwever, the industry insider pints ut that achieving rapid breakthrughs in a shrt time remains quite 29 (demand) due t technical hurdles, such as 30 (efficient) and stability issues that need t be addressed.
【答案】
21．has prduced 22．the 23．which 24．what 25．with 26．Cmpared 27．is psitined 28．particularly 29．demanding 30．efficiency
【来源】2025届湖北省武昌区高三下学期5月质量检测英语试题
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一家中国机器人初创公司展示生产设施相关情况，指出人形机器人发展现状，还提及中国在此领域的优势及行业面临的问题。
21．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一家中国机器人初创公司在其官方网站上分享了一段其生产设施的视频，据报道，该生产设施到目前为止已经生产了至少962个人形机器人。prduce(生产)是谓语动词，根据时间状语“s far”可知，描述过去持续到现在的行为，应用现在完成时态，主语which(即先行词its prductin facility)是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式has prduced。故填has prduced。
22．考查冠词。句意：在这段4分02秒的视频中，它展示了其位于上海临港奉贤工厂的机器人生产线的各个阶段。这里特指上文提到的公司分享的视频，用定冠词the限定。故填the。
23．考查定语从句。句意：在这段4分02秒的视频中，它展示了其位于上海临港奉贤工厂的机器人生产线的各个阶段，其特点是自制的人形机器人与人类工人一起工作。“____ features self made humanid rbts wrking alngside human wrkers”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the rbtic prductin line，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
24．考查宾语从句。句意：此外，该公司还建立了一个它称之为“数据收集工厂”的地方，用于收集现实世界的数据。“____ it calls a ‘data cllectin factry’”是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事物，用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。
25．考查with复合结构和介词。句意：行业观察家洪绍敦指出，人形机器人已经从实验室原型发展成为实质性产品，今年的机器人进入了一个智能和多功能性增强的阶段。“____ this year’s rbts entering a phase f increased intelligence and versatility (多功能)”作伴随状语，它不是一个句子，结合非谓语动词entering可推知，这是with复合结构作状语，即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，用介词with。故填with。
26．考查非谓语动词。句意：与其他全球竞争对手相比，中国更有优势以更低的成本实现更高的人形机器人产量。“(cmpare) with ther glbal cmpetitrs”作比较状语，cmpare(比较)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语China之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Cmpared。
27．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：与其他全球竞争对手相比，中国更有优势以更低的成本实现更高的人形机器人产量。psitin(使处于)是谓语动词，与主语China之间是被动关系，描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语是专有名词，谓语用单数形式is psitined。故填is psitined。
28．考查副词。句意：与此同时，中国公司在运动控制和探索先进人工智能模型方面尤其出色。提示词修饰动词excel，用副词particularly作状语，意为“尤其；特别是”。故填particularly。
29．考查形容词。句意：然而，业内人士指出，由于技术障碍，如需要解决的效率和稳定性问题，在短时间内实现快速突破仍然相当具有挑战性。提示词作表语，用形容词demanding，意为“要求高的，费力的，具有挑战性的”。故填demanding。
30．考查名词。句意：然而，业内人士指出，由于技术障碍，如需要解决的效率和稳定性问题，在短时间内实现快速突破仍然相当具有挑战性。根据“and stability issues”可知，这里用名词与stability并列，efficient的名词是efficiency，意为“效率”，不可数名词。故填efficiency。
1.（2025年1月浙江高考）The price f fashin — ecnmically and envirnmentally — has led t the rise f 56 new way f dressing, and it’s beginning t take ff in Australia, t.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：时尚在经济和环境方面的代价催生了一种新的穿衣方式，这种方式也开始在澳大利亚流行起来。可数名词way在句中表示“一种方式”，泛指，且new发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
1.（2025八省联考卷）Chinese plays an increasingly imprtant rle in imprving cmmunicatin and cperatin between China and _________ rest f the wrld.
答案：the。
解析：句意：中文在促进中国与世界其他地区的交流与合作方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。the rest f...“……的其余部分”，为固定短语，本空用冠词the，符合题意。故填the。
2.（2024新课标I卷）Further, the Silk Rute Garden arund the greenhuse walks visitrs thrugh a jurney influenced by the ancient Silk Rad, by which silk as well as many plant species came t Britain fr 61 first time.
答案：the。
解析：考查冠词。句意：亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配：fr the first time，意为“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。
3.（2024年浙江 1月卷）Over the last tw years, sme supermarkets have started selling chicken r salad in packs designed with tw halves cntaining separate prtins (份). Then, when yu use ne sectin, ____________ ther stays fresh.
3. the。
解析：考查冠词。句意：然后，当你使用其中一部分时，另一部分保持新鲜。the ther意为“另一个”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用定冠词the。故填the。
4.（2023新课标II卷）Nt the pandas, even thugh____________ language used fr the medical training instructins is actually English.
4. the。
解析：考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
5.（2023浙江1月卷）In cntrast t the curt life and upper-class culture represented by the Frbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple f Heaven, the hutngs reflect culture f grassrts Beijingers.
5. the。
解析：考查冠词。句意：与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同所反映出的是草根北京人的文化。根据名词culture后面的介词短语f grassrts Beijingers可知，此处culture表示特指概念，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
（建议用时：40分钟）
【提升练一：冠词用法高考真题微练】
1（2022新课标I卷）Cvering an area abut three times __________ size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.
1. the
解析：考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构为：倍数+ the size f +比较成份。故填the。
2.（2022新课标II卷）___________ Brwn family live in an apartment building utside Trnt.
2．The
解析：考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词与Brwn family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”，the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填The。
3.（2022全国乙卷）T celebrate ___________ festival, a number f events tk place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing n Thursday.
3. the
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指Internatinal Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
4.（2022年浙江 1月题）Cbb, fr her party, started t ask cnference rganizers wh invited her t speak if she culd d s remtely; abut three-quarters f ___________ time, they agreed.
4. the
解析： 考查冠词。句意：对于她的出席，Cbb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。大约有四分之三的时间，他们同意了。此处特指Cbb询问的时间范围内，故填the。
5.（2021全国甲卷）It tk us abut 3 hurs t g all ___________ way arund the Xi'an City Wall.
5. the
解析：考查冠词。句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语为all the way，故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。
6.（2021全国乙卷）Due t ___________ grwing ppularity f envirnmentally-related and adventure travel, varius types f trips are nw being classified as ecturism.
6. the
解析：考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“grwing ppularity f envirnmental-related and adventure travel”可知，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，所以应填定冠词the。故填the。
7.（2021浙江卷）____________ Linclns enlarged the huse t a full tw stries in 1856 t meet the needs f their grwing family.
7. The
解析：考查冠词。句意：林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层，以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。根据句意可知，此处意为“林肯一家”；根据设空后的Linclns可知，此处考查“the+姓氏复数”，表示夫妇俩，或者一家人。设空处位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填The。
8.（2020新课标II卷）The plum trees are __________ first t flwer even as the snw is melting (融化).
8. the
解析：考查冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指，所以序数词first前要加定冠词the。故填the。
9.（2020浙江卷）Then，with ___________ rise f science，changes began.
9. the
解析：考查定冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise f 译为“随着的崛起”是固定短语。故填the。