北京市大兴区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题 含解析

这是一份北京市大兴区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题 含解析，共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共12页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The incident happened ne day in Nvember. A stranger asked Sammy where his mther and father were, and he knew smething was ff. While the wman was ___1___ t him, she insisted that she knew his family. The wman indicated he shuld cme with her, but yung Sammy didn’t fllw.
He was understandably ___2___ the situatin but ut f it he came up with a plan. The yungster entered a stre he regularly went t and ___3___ the cashier, Hannah Daniels. Thirty-year-ld Hannah was behind the register and Sammy’s ___4___ were smething she wuld never frget.
He whispered t her, “Act like yu’re my mm. This lady is ___5___ me.” Hannah remained calm, but she didn’t take Sammy’s wrds lightly.
Hannah immediately placed herself between the by and the wman. The wman was standing just utside the stre, s Hannah culd shut the dr and lck it ___6___ smething terrible happened.
Sammy recalled the ___7___ mment and nted that he was trembling in the stre. His dad had taught him abut the ___8___ f strangers and the risk f kidnappings (拐骗). As a result, the yungster knew hw t ___9___ t the wman.
When the by’s father Sam Green later watched a vide f the incident recrded frm the stre’s security camera, he said he was mved t tears. He hpes their experience wuld _____10_____ ther mms and dads t educate their kids because it can make a significant difference.
1. A. niceB. unfamiliarC. similarD. plite
2. A. wrried abutB. insisted nC. interested inD. surprised at
3. A. rejectedB. analyzedC. caughtD. apprached
4. A. gradesB. jkesC. wrdsD. hpes
5. A. fllwingB. challengingC. testingD. teaching
6. A. sinceB. afterC. untilD. befre
7. A. excitingB. frighteningC. satisfyingD. disappinting
8. A. dangerB. lveC. viceD. preference
9. A. playB. respndC. talkD. cmplain
10. A. inviteB. allwC. encurageD. intrduce
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了少年Sammy被一名陌生女人问话和跟踪，受过父亲有关陌生人和拐骗知识教导的他意识到事情不对劲，向商店里的女收银员Hannah求助，Hannah帮助他成功逃脱，Sammy的父亲观看监控录像后深受感动，并呼吁其他父母也给孩子进行这方面的教育，以免发生意外。
【1题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然他并不熟悉这个女人，但她坚持说她认识他的家人。A. nice友好的；B. unfamiliar不熟悉的；C. similar相似的；D. plite有礼貌的。根据上文“A stranger asked Sammy where his mther and father were”可知，这个女人是个陌生人，因此她对Sammy来说是不熟悉的，固定短语be unfamiliar t表示“不为……所熟悉”。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：他显然对这种情况感到担忧，但是他从中想出了一个计划。A. wrried abut担忧；B. insisted n坚持；C. interested in对……感兴趣；D. surprised at对……感到惊讶。根据上文“she insisted that she knew his family”和“The wman indicated he shuld cme with her”可知，这个陌生女人说她认识Sammy的家人，还让他跟着她走，因此这会让作为孩子的他感到担忧。故选A。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个少年走进一家他经常去的商店，走近收银员Hannah Daniels。A. rejected拒绝；B. analyzed分析；C. caught抓住；D. apprached接近。根据下文“He whispered t her, “Act like yu’re my mm. This lady is ___5___ me.””可知，Sammy在和收银员Hannah Daniels低声说话，向她求助，因此是走近她。故选D。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：30岁的Hannah站在收银台后面，Sammy的话是她永远不会忘记的。A. grades成绩；B. jkes笑话；C. wrds（某人说的）话；D. hpes希望。根据下文“He whispered t her, “Act like yu’re my mm. This lady is ___5___ me.””可知，此处指Sammy对她低声说的话。故选C。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位女士在跟着我。A. fllwing跟随；B. challenging挑战；C. testing测试；D. teaching教导。根据下文“The wman was standing just utside the stre”可知，那个陌生女人就站在商店外面，因此是一直跟着Sammy。故选A。
【6题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：那个女人就站在商店外面，所以Hannah可以在可怕的事情发生之前把门关好并锁上。A. since自从；B. after在……之后；C. until直到；D. befre在……之前。根据上文“Hannah culd shut the dr and lck it”和下文“smething terrible happened”可推知，Hannah是在可怕的事情发生之前，采取了行动，防止陌生女人闯进来。故选D。
【7题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Sammy回忆起那个可怕的时刻，提到他当时正在店里发抖。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. frightening令人害怕的；C. satisfying令人满意的；D. disappinting令人失望的。根据下文“he was trembling in the stre”可知，Sammy当时在店里发抖，因此是可怕的时刻。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲教导过他陌生人的危险和拐骗的风险。A. danger危险；B. lve爱；C. vice声音；D. preference偏好。根据下文“the risk f kidnappings (拐骗)”可推知，他父亲教导过的内容是陌生人的危险和拐骗的风险。故选A。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，这个少年知道如何应对这个女人。A. play玩耍；B. respnd回应；C. talk交谈；D. cmplain抱怨。根据上文“His dad had taught him abut the ___8___ f strangers and the risk f kidnappings (拐骗).”可知，Sammy从父亲那里学到了拐骗的风险，因此他知道如何应对这个陌生女人，固定短语respnd t表示“对……做出回应，应对”。故选B。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他希望他们的经历能鼓励其他父母教育他们的孩子，因为这可以产生重大的影响。A. invite邀请；B. allw允许；C. encurage鼓励；D. intrduce介绍。根据上文叙述的Sammy的父亲教导过Sammy处理陌生人和拐骗方面的知识，这让Sammy得以妥善地应对这个陌生女人，在这次事件中没有受到伤害可推知，他们的经历能鼓励其他父母去进行这样的教育。故选C。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
What made my childhd truly special was ur next-dr neighbr, Mrs. Greene, wh was a retired schlteacher then. Every weekend, I wuld ____11____ (eager) visit her. Sitting in her living rm filled with bks frm flr t ceiling, and ____12____ (listen) t her tales were the best part f my week. The stries were her adventures during her yunger days. I still remember the way her eyes ____13____ (light) up with every memry, the passin in her vice, and the life lessns. It was evident that her ____14____ (teach) days might have ended, but her wisdm hadn’t.
【答案】11. eagerly
12. listening
13. lit##lighted
14. teaching
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者的邻居格林太太。
【11题详解】
考查副词。句意：每个周末，我都会迫不及待地去看她。修饰动词wuld visit需用副词eagerly，作状语。故填eagerly。
【12题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：坐在摆满了从地板到天花板的书的客厅里，听她讲故事是我一周中最美好的时光。空处需填动名词listening和上文sitting并列作主语。故填listening。
【13题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：我仍然记得她的眼睛里闪烁着回忆的光芒，她的声音里充满激情，还有人生的教训。空处为定语从句的谓语，根据上文的“were”和下文的“was”可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填lit/lighted。
【14题详解】
考查形容词。句意：很明显，她的教学生涯可能已经结束了，但她的智慧却没有。空处修饰名词days，作定语，应用 形容词teaching。故填teaching。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Buster Keatn, ften vershadwed (使黯然失色) by the fame f Charlie Chaplin, was a cmedic talent in his wn right. Brn in 1895, he entered shw business at a yung age and quickly became knwn fr his unique brand f physical cmedy. Films ____15____ (prduce) by him are cnsidered timeless classics. ____16____, what distinguishes (区别) him frm ther cmedians is his ability f humr, a talent ____17____ depth is immeasurable. He was nt just a perfrmer; he was an artist whse wrks cntinue t influence mdern cmedy.
【答案】15. prduced
16. Hwever##Nevertheless
17. whse
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了喜剧演员——Charlie Chaplin。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他制作的电影被认为是永恒的经典。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词are cnsidered，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词films，prduce和films为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填prduced。
【16题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，他与其他喜剧演员的区别在于他的幽默能力，这是一种无法估量的天赋。上下文之间为转折关系，空后为逗号，需用副词hwever/nevertheless，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Hwever/Nevertheless。
【17题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导定语从句，先行词talent，在定语从句中作定语，需用关系代词whse引导。故填whse。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In the ever-evlving (不断进化的) landscape f mdern educatin, the value f critical thinking skills cannt be verstated (过分强调). Generally ____18____ (speak), students tday are expected t nt nly memrize facts but als think critically and apply their analyses in real-wrld ____19____ (situatin). Schls nw have made it mandatry (强制性的) t put prblem-slving exercises in their curses. Many students, having been studying in these newer systems, have made significant imprvements in their analytical abilities. This transitin, given the strng emphasis n learning in the past, ____20____ (mark) a super change in educatinal methds.
【答案】18. speaking
19. situatins
20. marks##has marked
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在不断发展的现代教育环境中，批判性思维技能的重要性。
【18题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：一般来说，今天的学生不仅要记住事实，而且要批判性地思考，并将他们的分析应用到真实世界的情境中。generally speaking为固定搭配，意为“一般来说”。故填speaking。
【19题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。situatin为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需填名词复数形式。故填situatins。
【20题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这种转变，在过去非常强调学习的情况下，标志着教育方法的一个超级变化。此处描述客观事实，使用一般现在时，也可以表示过去发生的动作对现在产生影响，使用现在完成时，主语为This transitin，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填marks/has marked。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Guide t “Clean & Green” Hme Recycling
Welcme t the “Clean & Green” hme recycling initiative (倡议)! Our gal is t assist husehlds in reducing their envirnmental ftprint by prviding step-by-step instructins n effective recycling practices.
Understanding Recycling Types
Every city has its wn recycling standards, but the fllwings are generally universal:
Plastics: These include bttles cntainers, and ther packaging materials. Always clean plastics befre recycling t avid pllutin.
Paper: Newspapers, magazines, and cardbard are recyclable. Hwever, siled r wet paper shuld be discarded as regular waste.
Glass: Bttles and jars f all clrs can be recycled. Ensure they are free f fd waste.
Metals: Cmmn recyclables are aluminum cans and tin fil (锡纸). Remve any fd waste befre dispsal (处理).
Steps fr Effective Hme Recycling
Cllectin: Use separate bins fr each type. Mark cntainers t avid cnfusin (迷惑).
Preparatin: As mentined abve, clean the items. This prevents waste and increases the recyclability f the materials.
Strage: Avid verfilling recycling bins. Overpacked bins might lead t imprper srting at recycling facilities.
Drp-Off: If yur city desn’t ffer radside pickup, lcate yur nearest recycling drp-ff pint.
Stay Infrmed: Recycling guidelines can change. Regularly check city websites fr “Clean & Green” updates.
Recycling DOs and DON’Ts
DO encurage neighbrs and friends t adpt recycling habits.
DON’T mix different types in ne bin.
DO invest in cmpsting if pssible; it’s anther great way t reduce waste.
DON’T recycle dangerus r electrnic waste with regular recyclables. Ask yur city fr prper dispsal methds.
Benefits f Recycling:
Reduces landfill (垃圾填埋) waste.
Cnserves natural resurces and energy.
Prevents pllutin by reducing the need fr raw materials (原材料).
Supprts public health by minimizing expsure t harmful things.
Jin the “Clean & Green” initiative tday and play yur part in creating a bright future fr the next generatins!
21. Which f the fllwing materials needs t be cleaned befre recycling?
A. PaperB. PlasticsC. MetalsD. Glass
22. Accrding t the guide, what is the primary gal f the “Clean & Green” initiative?
A. T sell recycling bins.B. T encurage cmpsting (堆肥).
C. T reduce husehlds’ envirnmental ftprints.D. T update recycling guidelines frequently.
23. Based n the guide, which f the fllwing statements is right?
A. Electrnic waste can be recycled with regular recyclables.
B. Yu shuld mix different types in ne bin t save space
C. It’s imprtant t stay updated n recycling guidelines.
D. Wet paper is preferred fr recycling as it’s easier t prcess
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是关于“清洁及环保”家居回收指南。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Understanding Recycling Types部分的“Plastics: These include bttles, cntainers, and ther packaging materials. Always clean plastics befre recycling t avid pllutin.(塑料：包括瓶子、容器和其他包装材料。在回收之前一定要清洁塑料，避免污染。)”可知，塑料在回收之前需要清洗。故选B。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Our gal is t assist husehlds in reducing their envirnmental ftprint by prviding step-by-step instructins n effective recycling practices.(我们的目标是通过提供有效回收方法的逐步指导，帮助家庭减少对环境的影响。)”可知，根据指南，“清洁与绿色”行动的首要目标是减少家庭的环境足迹。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Steps fr Effective Hme Recycling部分的“Stay Infrmed: Recycling guidelines can change. Regularly check city websites fr “Clean & Green” updates.(随时了解情况：回收准则可能会改变。定期查看城市网站的“清洁与绿色”更新。)”可知，了解最新的回收指南很重要。故选C。
B
Ida Nelsn was enjying and relaxing in her bath when she heard the thunder f a small airplane circling the nearby airprt. It was 11：30 at night in the Alaskan village f Igiugig, ppulatin 70, and, as she tld the New Yrk Times, “Anytime a plane flies ver that late, yu knw smething is wrng.”
Nelsn and her sister leaped ut f the bath, ran t the windw and saw the prblem: The airprt’s runway lights were ut. Nelsn threw n sme clthes, jumped int her ATV, and flred it t the airprt where she fund a lcal pilt trying t turn n the lights manually. “Nrmally, if yu push the buttn 10 r 15 times, the lights will just light up.” Nt this time.Meanwhile, she and the pilt learned f the plane’s urgent missin: It was a medevac (救伤直升机), there t transprt a seriusly ill lcal girl t the nearest hspital, 280 miles away in Anchrage.
Nelsn had a plan.Driving her ATV t the end f the runway, she switched her headlights n fr the plane t fllw.Great idea, but it wasn’t enugh.Mre light was needed, s a neighbr called nearly every hme in the village - 32 f them. Within 20 minutes, 20 vehicles arrived at the airprt, many f the drivers still in pajamas. Fllwing the directins frm the medevac pilt, the cars lined up n ne side f the runway.
The medevac made its final apprach and, guided by the headlights, landed safely. The yung patient was laded nt the aircraft, and the plane immediately tk ff again. Her illness was never publicly revealed, but she has since recvered and left the hspital.
In a wrld filled with uncertainty, the little cmmunity’s psitive activism is a big deal. Nt s much fr Nelsn.As she tld CNN, in Igiugig, cming tgether is “kind f a nrmal deal.”
24. Hw did Ida Nelsn tell smething wrng happened?
A. By bserving the runway lights.
B. By listening t the sund f the airplane.
C. Thrugh the time the airplane turned up.
D. Thrugh the behavir f the lcal pilt.
25. What was Nelsn’s idea?
A. T light up the runway.
B. T help repair the lights.
C. T call in mre villagers.
D. T turn n mre runway lights.
26. What des the stry intend t shw?
A. Lve makes the wrld g arund.
B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C. Nthing is impssible t a willing heart.
D. A small actin can make a big difference.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解了艾达纳尔逊和她的妹妹帮助救护直升机安全着陆，使得飞机把重病的女孩送到医院，这个故事想告诉我们一个小小的善举可以带来很大的影响。
【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Ida Nelsn was enjying and relaxing in her bath when she heard the thunder f a small airplane circling the nearby airprt.It was 11：30 at night in the Alaskan village f Igiugig, ppulatin 70, and, as she tld the New Yrk Times, “Anytime a plane flies ver that late, yu knw smething is wrng.””(Ida Nelsn在洗澡时正在享受和放松，这时她听到一架小型飞机在附近机场盘旋的雷声。那是阿拉斯加70人口的Igiugig村的晚上11：30，正如她告诉《纽约时报》的那样，“任何时候飞机飞得那么晚，你都知道出了问题。”)可知，Ida Nelsn通过听飞机的声音知道出问题了。故选B项。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Nelsn had a plan. Driving her ATV t the end f the runway, she switched her headlights n fr the plane t fllw. Great idea, but it wasn’t enugh. Mre light was needed, s a neighbr called nearly every hme in the village - 32 f them. Within 20 minutes, 20 vehicles arrived at the airprt, many f the drivers still in pajamas. Fllwing the directins frm the medevac pilt, the cars lined up n ne side f the runway.”（Nelsn有一个计划。她把她的ATV开到跑道尽头，打开前灯让飞机跟着走。这是个好主意，但还不够。需要更多的光线，所以一位邻居几乎给村里的每个家庭都打了电话，其中有32个。不到20分钟，20辆车就到达了机场，许多司机仍然穿着睡衣。按照医疗后送飞行员的指示，汽车排成一排在跑道的一侧。）可知，尼尔森的计划是照亮跑道。故选A项。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“In a wrld filled with uncertainty, the little cmmunity’s psitive activism is a big deal. Nt s much fr Nelsn. As she tld CNN, in Igiugig,cming tgether is “kind f a nrmal deal.””(在一个充满不确定性的世界里，这个小社区的积极行动主义是一件大事。对Nelsn来说就不那么重要了。正如她在Igiugig告诉CNN的那样，团结起来是“一种正常的交易”)可知，这个故事想告诉我们一个小小的善举可以带来很大的影响。故选D项。
C
In the mdern age, scial media platfrms have emerged as pwerful tls fr cmmunicatin, netwrking, and self-expressin. With billins f active users wrldwide, these platfrms have prfundly influenced the human interactin. Recent psychlgical studies have delved int understanding the influence f prlnged (长期的) scial media usage n individual self-esteem (自尊) and identity frmatin.
Cntext and Prevalence (流行)
Scial media platfrms, including Weib, WeChat Mments, Duyin, and Little Red Bk, ffer ways fr individuals t prject curated versins f their lives. While this can serve as a medium f affirmatin, it als cmpares ne’s daily life against the specially edited highlights f thers, which culd ptentially lead t feelings f failure and unsatisfactry.
Research Findings n Self-Esteem
A study cnducted amng adlescents aged 13-19 shwed that extreme scial media use crrelates with lwer self-esteem scres. Participants wh spent ver five hurs daily n these platfrms demnstrated significant tendencies twards self-devaluatin (自我贬低) and negative self-perceptin (自体感受). The study believed that the cnstant expsure f idealized images and lives leads t an invluntary (不自主的) cmparisn, ften placing the individual n the lesser end f the spectrum.
Implicatins fr Identity Frmatin
Fr adlescents, a critical time f identity frmatin happens during the teenage years. Scial media can ften blur the lines (模糊界限) between persnal identity and digital persna (面貌，形象). A study tracked teenagers fr five years and fund that heavy scial media users ften experienced identity cnfusin. Their digital avatars, frmed under scietal pressures, smetimes vershadwed their real persnalities, leading t internal cnflicts and a cnfusin t real selfhd.
Pssible Slutins and Future Research
While the negative influence f scial media n mental well-being are evident, it’s als essential t highlight its ptential benefits. Platfrms can help t add a sense f belnging, prvide infrmatinal supprt, and serve as utlets fr creative expressin. Future research culd explre ptential interventins (介入，干涉) t reduce the negative effects.
In cnclusin, while scial media ffers a huge number f pprtunities and ways fr expressin, it’s imprtant that teenagers apprach it with awareness. The psychlgical landscape it shapes is hard t understand, and understanding its depths requires cntinued research, empathy (共鸣), and active measures.
27. What d we knw abut the study invlving adlescents aged 13-19?
A. It tk five hurs fr participants t take part in the study
B. It suggested that we shuld nt cmpare ur lives with thers
C. It caused self-devaluatin and negative self-perceptin t participants.
D. It shwed that t much scial media use resulted in lw self-esteem.
28. What des the term “digital avatars” refer t in paragraph 4?
A. Scial media algrithms (算法).B. Digital marketing tls.
C. Online versins f individuals.D. Digital assistants.
29. Why scial media are especially bad fr adlescents?
A. They cause identity crises (危机) t them.B. They lead t feelings f unsatisfactry.
C. They prject versin f their lives.D. They vershadw their persnalities.
30. Hw des the authr feel abut the effect f scial media n users?
A. Entirely negative.B. Quite psitive.C. Mixed with cautin.D. Indifferent and neutral.
【答案】27. D 28. C 29. A 30. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究发现，长期使用社交媒体会对个人自尊和身份认同产生影响。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“A study cnducted amng adlescents aged 13-19 shwed that extreme scial media use crrelates with lwer self-esteem scres.(一项针对13-19岁青少年的研究表明，过度使用社交媒体与较低的自尊得分相关。)”可知，我们从这项涉及13-19岁青少年的研究中了解到过度使用社交媒体会导致自尊心低下。故选D。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“Fr adlescents, a critical time f identity frmatin happens during the teenage years. Scial media can ften blur the lines (模糊界限) between persnal identity and digital persna (面貌，形象). A study tracked teenagers fr five years and fund that heavy scial media users ften experienced identity cnfusin.(对于青少年来说，身份形成的关键时期发生在青少年时期。社交媒体常常会模糊个人身份和数字形象之间的界限。一项追踪青少年五年的研究发现，重度社交媒体用户经常经历身份困惑。)”可知，他们在社会压力下形成的数字形象有时会掩盖他们的真实个性，导致内部冲突和对真实自我的困惑。由此可知，digital avatars意为“数字形象”，与C项：Online versins f individuals.(个人的在线版本。)意思接近。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Fr adlescents, a critical time f identity frmatin happens during the teenage years. Scial media can ften blur the lines (模糊界限) between persnal identity and digital persna (面貌，形象). A study tracked teenagers fr five years and fund that heavy scial media users ften experienced identity cnfusin.(对于青少年来说，身份形成的关键时期发生在青少年时期。社交媒体常常会模糊个人身份和数字形象之间的界限。一项追踪青少年五年的研究发现，重度社交媒体用户经常经历身份困惑。)”可知，对于青少年爱说，身份形成的关键时期发生在青少年时期。社交媒体容易让青少年出现身份混淆的危机。故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In cnclusin, while scial media ffers a huge number f pprtunities and ways fr expressin, it’s imprtant that teenagers apprach it with awareness. The psychlgical landscape it shapes is hard t understand, and understanding its depths requires cntinued research, empathy (共鸣), and active measures.(总之，虽然社交媒体提供了大量的表达机会和方式，但重要的是青少年要有意识地接近它。它塑造的心理景观很难理解，理解它的深度需要持续的研究、共鸣和积极的措施。)”可知，作者对社交媒体对用户的影响的看法是谨慎的。故选C。
D
In the annals f human histry, few subjects have generated as much excitement, debate, and guess as artificial intelligence (AI). This revlutinary technlgy, which enables machines t perfrm tasks that nce required human intelligence, has the ptential t transfrm every part f ur sciety, frm healthcare and finance t transprtatin and entertainment.
At its heart, AI is all abut data. Massive amunts f data are fed int algrithms that learn frm this data, allwing them t make predictins, recgnize patterns, and even make decisins. This “machine learning” is the driving frce behind many f the AI applicatins we see tday, frm virtual assistants like Siri and Alexa t mre advanced systems like IBM’s Watsn, which can analyze vast amunts f infrmatin t assist dctrs in diagnsing diseases.
The transfrmative ptential f AI is undeniable. In the medical field, fr instance, AI can assist in early detectin f diseases, predict patient utcmes, and even suggest treatment ptins. In finance, algrithms can predict stck market trends, and prvide persnalized financial advice. In transprtatin, self-driving cars equipped with AI systems prmise t reduce accidents, ease traffic jams, and transfrm urban landscapes.
Hwever, with great ptential cmes great respnsibility. The rise f AI has caused debates abut is ethical implicatins (道德含义). The machines are nly as gd as the data they are fed, and there’s a grwing cncern abut biases (偏见) being built int AI systems. Fr instance, facial recgnitin technlgies, used in everything frm unlcking phnes t plice mnitring cameras, have cme under check fr misidentifying individuals based n race r gender.
Mrever, the widespread adptin f AI culd lead t significant jb displacement. While new rles and industries might emerge as a result f AI, it is nt sure that these will pay ff the jbs lst. This culd increase incme inequalities and causes difficulties t scial systems.
Anther majr cncern is the “black bx” nature f AI. Many AI systems perate in ways that even their creatrs dn’t fully understand. This can be prblematic, especially in critical applicatins like healthcare r criminal justice where understanding the lgic behind a decisin is imprtant.
Then there’s the ptential fr AI t be weapnized. In the hands f evil actrs, AI culd be used t spread misinfrmatin, cntrl public pinin, r even engage in internet warfare. The glbal cmmunity must cme tgether t set standards and regulatins t prevent such misuse.
On the brighter side, many experts believe that by setting the right framewrks and investing in educatin and retraining, we can use the pwer f AI fr the greater gd. By fstering (促进) a culture f cntinuus learning and staying abreast (并排的，并肩的) f technlgical advancements, sciety can benefit frm the prmise f AI while aviding its ptential dangers.
In cnclusin, artificial intelligence stands as ne f the mst prfund inventins f ur time. While it ffers vast pprtunities, it als pses significant challenges that we, as a sciety, must welcme. As we stand at this technlgical crssrads, ur chices will determine whether AI serves as a benefit r a harm fr humanity.
31. Which f the fllwing best describes the methd by which machines acquire the capability t perfrm tasks that traditinally required human intelligence?
A. By prgramming predefined rules.
B. Thrugh user interactins every day.
C. By ingesting and prcessing vast amunts f data.
D. Via regular sftware updates frm develpers.
32. In the cntext f the article, hw des the authr primarily demnstrate the effect f artificial intelligence?
A. By citing numerus statistical data.
B. By presenting bth the psitive ptential and the challenges f AI.
C. Thrugh persnal experiences.
D. By fcusing n the negative effects f AI.
33. Which f the fllwing is the best title?
A. The Rise f Virtual Assistants: Siri and Alexa
B. Understanding the Mechanisms Behind AI Algrithms
C. Artificial Intelligence: Charting the Curse fr Tmrrw’s Tech
D. Balancing the Ptential and challenges f AI in Mdern Sciety
34. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. AI has already replaced mst human jbs and is the leading cause f unemplyment.
B. The glbal cmmunity has taken measures t prevent AI misuse.
C The peratin f many AI systems is easily understd by their creatrs.
D. The slving t the dilemma brught by AI needs cllective effrts f ur sciety.
【答案】31. C 32. B 33. D 34. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了人工智能的潜力和挑战。作者呼吁全球社区共同努力，通过制定标准和规定，投资教育和再培训，以确保AI的潜力得到最大限度的利用，同时避免潜在的危险。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“At its heart, AI is all abut data. Massive amunts f data are fed int algrithms that learn frm this data, allwing them t make predictins, recgnize patterns, and even make decisins.(人工智能的核心是数据。大量的数据被输入到算法中，从这些数据中学习，使它们能够做出预测，识别模式，甚至做出决策。)”可知，机器获得执行传统上需要人类智能的任务的能力的方法是通过摄取和处理大量数据。故选C。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The transfrmative ptential f AI is undeniable. In the medical field, fr instance, AI can assist in early detectin f diseases, predict patient utcmes, and even suggest treatment ptins. In finance, algrithms can predict stck market trends, and prvide persnalized financial advice. In transprtatin, self-driving cars equipped with AI systems prmise t reduce accidents, ease traffic jams, and transfrm urban landscapes.(人工智能的变革潜力是不可否认的。例如，在医疗领域，人工智能可以帮助早期发现疾病，预测患者的预后，甚至提出治疗方案。在金融领域，算法可以预测股票市场趋势，并提供个性化的理财建议。在交通方面，配备人工智能系统的自动驾驶汽车有望减少事故，缓解交通拥堵，并改变城市景观。)”、第四段“Hwever, with great ptential cmes great respnsibility. The rise f AI has caused debates abut is ethical implicatins (道德含义).(然而，潜力越大，责任越大。人工智能的兴起引发了关于其道德含义的争论。)”、第五段“Mrever, the widespread adptin f AI culd lead t significant jb displacement.( 此外，人工智能的广泛应用可能会导致大量的工作岗位流失。)”以及第六段“Anther majr cncern is the “black bx” nature f AI.(另一个主要问题是人工智能的“黑匣子”性质。)”可推知，作者通过展示人工智能的积极潜力和挑战来论证人工智能的影响。故选B。
【33题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“In cnclusin, artificial intelligence stands as ne f the mst prfund inventins f ur time. While it ffers vast pprtunities, it als pses significant challenges that we, as a sciety, must welcme. As we stand at this technlgical crssrads, ur chices will determine whether AI serves as a benefit r a harm fr humanity.(总之，人工智能是我们这个时代最深刻的发明之一。虽然它提供了巨大的机会，但它也带来了我们作为一个社会必须欢迎的重大挑战。当我们站在这个技术的十字路口时，我们的选择将决定人工智能对人类是有益还是有害。)”可知，文章主要讲述了人工智能的潜力和挑战。作者呼吁全球社区共同努力，通过制定标准和规定，投资教育和再培训，以确保AI的潜力得到最大限度的利用，同时避免潜在的危险。由此可知，D项：Balancing the Ptential and challenges f AI in Mdern Sciety(平衡人工智能在现代社会中的潜力和挑战)是最好的标题。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“On the brighter side, many experts believe that by setting the right framewrks and investing in educatin and retraining, we can use the pwer f AI fr the greater gd. By fstering (促进) a culture f cntinuus learning and staying abreast (并排的，并肩的) f technlgical advancements, sciety can benefit frm the prmise f AI while aviding its ptential dangers.(从好的方面来看，许多专家认为，通过建立正确的框架，投资于教育和再培训，我们可以利用人工智能的力量为更大的利益服务。通过培养一种持续学习的文化和跟上技术进步的步伐，社会可以从人工智能的前景中受益，同时避免其潜在的危险。)”可知，解决人工智能带来的困境需要我们社会的共同努力。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
High schl life, especially in the senir year, is a rllercaster f emtins filled with challenges and pressures. The cnstant demand fr academic excellence, cmbined with the expectins f cllege applicatins, and managing extracurricular (课外的) activities can lead even the best students t feel the weight f stress. Hwever, it’s nt nly pssible but essential t find mments f jy and strategies t reduce the pressure efficiently.
Understanding the nature f stress is the primary step. Stress isn’t just a state f mental unrest; it’s a physilgical respnse. ____35____ The bdy ntices any frm f demand, challenge, r threat and reacts by preparing fr a “fight-r-flight” respnse. This is an ancient survival prcess that equips us t deal with threats, whether they’re a challenging exam r a physical danger.
Interestingly, nt all stress is harmful. We ften verlk the distinctin f different stress. Acute (急性的) stress, in cntrast t the chrnic (长期的), can act as a frce. ____36____ It pushes us t ur limits, mtivates us t meet deadlines, and ften results in that rewarding feeling f accmplishment.
Hwever, lng expsure t stress leads t chrnic stress. This kind f stress, if left unchecked, can cause varius health issues ranging frm mental health prblems like anxiety and depressin t physical ailments like high bld pressure and even heart diseases.
T reduce the effects f stress, mindfulness and meditatin have prven effective. Even n a busy day, sparing just a few mments t fcus n ne’s breathing r practicing guided meditatin can significantly reduce stress levels. ____37____ These practices help in grunding an individual, bringing a mmentary escape frm the chas (混乱).
Pursuing hbbies r activities that ne is passinate abut can als be a gd way. Whether it’s painting, reading, playing a musical instrument, r engaging in sprts, these activities nt nly divert the mind but als release endrphins, the bdy’s natural md lifters.
Anther aspect is cmmunicatin. ____38____ Sharing burdens, discussing wrries, r just talking abut ne’s day can ffer a fresh perspective and ften lightens the lad. Schls ffer services, and there are numerus helplines available t assist students in distress.
S, with the weight f expectatins, deadlines, and t many respnsibilities, remember t priritize mental well-being. ____39____ Every individual deserves mments f relaxatin and happiness.
A. When channeled crrectly, stress can be ur friend.
B. This respnse is a swift, autmatic sequence designed fr survival.
C. Priritizing self-care isn’t a luxury (奢侈品); it’s a necessity.
D. Every challenge, it apprached with a psitive mindset, can be an pprtunity fr grwth.
E. Seeding external help r just talking t a friend can be incredibly therapeutic.
F. They attach us t the present, clearing the mental disrder and lifting the spirit.
G. These parts ften prvide prcesses adjusted t individual needs.
【答案】35. B 36. A 37. F 38. E 39. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些找到快乐，有效减少压力的策略。
【35题详解】
根据上文“Understanding the nature f stress is the primary step. Stress isn’t just a state f mental unrest; it’s a physilgical respnse.(了解压力的本质是第一步。压力不仅仅是一种精神不稳定的状态；这是一种生理反应。)”可知，空处承接上文，进一步解释说明压力的本质。B项中的“This respnse”和上文中的“a physilgical respnse”对应。B项：This respnse is a swift, autmatic sequence designed fr survival.(这种反应是为生存而设计的一个快速、自动的程序。)符合语境。故选B。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Interestingly, nt all stress is harmful.(有趣的是，并非所有的压力都是有害的。)”和下文“It pushes us t ur limits, mtivates us t meet deadlines, and ften results in that rewarding feeling f accmplishment.(它把我们推向极限，激励我们在最后期限前完成任务，并常常带来成就感。)”可知，如果压力处理得当，会带来好处。下文的“It”指代A项中的“stress”。A项：When channeled crrectly, stress can be ur friend.(如果处理得当，压力可以成为我们的朋友。)符合语境。故选A。
【37题详解】
根据上文“T reduce the effects f stress, mindfulness and meditatin have prven effective. Even n a busy day, sparing just a few mments t fcus n ne’s breathing r practicing guided meditatin can significantly reduce stress levels.(为了减少压力的影响，正念和冥想被证明是有效的。即使在忙碌的一天，抽出几分钟来专注于自己的呼吸或练习有指导的冥想，也能显著降低压力水平。)”可知，空处说明正念和冥想对于减轻压力的作用。F项中的“they”指代上文中的“sparing just a few mments t fcus n ne’s breathing r practicing guided meditatin”。F项：They attach us t the present, clearing the mental disrder and lifting the spirit.(它们使我们与现在联系在一起，清除精神障碍，振奋精神。)符合语境。故选F。
【38题详解】
根据段落主题句“Anther aspect is cmmunicatin.(另一个方面是沟通。)”可知，空处具体说明应该如何通过沟通来减轻压力，E项中的“talking t a friend”和上文的“cmmunicatin”对应。E项：Seeding external help r just talking t a friend can be incredibly therapeutic.(寻求外部帮助或只是和朋友交谈都能起到不可思议的治疗作用。)符合语境。故选E。
【39题详解】
根据上文“S, with the weight f expectatins, deadlines, and t many respnsibilities, remember t priritize mental well-being.(所以，面对期望、最后期限和太多责任的重压，记得优先考虑心理健康。)”可知，本段强调考虑自己心理健康的重要性。C项：Priritizing self-care isn’t a luxury (奢侈品); it’s a necessity.(把自我照顾放在首位并不是一件奢侈的事；这是必需品。)符合语境。故选C。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节 阅读表达（共4小题，共12分；第40、41小题，每小题2分；第42题，3分；第43题，5分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英语回答问题。
In the suthern part f France, away frm the charm f Paris and the scenic Riviera, lies Tuluse, ften referred t as “La Ville Rse” r “The Pink City.” Its nickname cmes frm the unique terra-ctta bricks used in many f its, buildings, giving the city a distinctive style.
Histrically, Tuluse traces its rts back t the ancient times. It was riginally established by the Celts in the 4th century BC and later became a significant Rman settlement. The city’s strategic psitin near the Germane River made it a well-knwn trading center in ancient Eurpe. By the Middle Ages, Tuluse had becme a majr center f trade due t its dye industry. This trade brught immense wealth t the regin, and the city’s grand huses and public buildings frm this era reflect is pulence (繁华).
Hwever, Tuluse was nt just a center fr trade. Its histry is marked with intellectual pursuits. By the 13th century, Université de Tuluse was established, making it ne f the ldest universities in the wrld. The institutin attracted schlars frm varius parts f Eurpe.
In mdern times, Tuluse is famus fr its aerspace industry. Hme t Airbus, ne f the wrld’s largest cmmercial aircraft manufacturers, the city is a center pint in glbal aviatin. This mdern achievement cnnects with Tuluse’s rich histry, shwcasing a cmbinatin f the ld and the new.
One f the mst significant landmarks in Tuluse is the Basilica f Saint-Sernin, an architectural marvel frm the Rmanesque perid. The church stands as a testament t the city’s religius significance during the medieval (中世纪的) times. Anther ntable part is the Capitle de Tuluse, which huses the city hall and a grand pera building. Its facade, made with the characteristic pink bricks, shwcases the essence (本质) f Tuluse.
Despite its histrical significance and achievements, Tuluse ften remains vershadwed by ther French cities. Yet, thse wh went t this suthern gem find themselves fnd f its rich histry, vibrant culture, and the warmth f its inhabitants.
Visiting Tuluse ffers an pprtunity t step back in time while remaining firmly grunded in the present. It’s a city that embraces is past, cherishes its traditins, yet lks frward with ptimism. In the Eurpean cities, Tuluse shines as a wnderful, yet irreplaceable ne.
40. Why is Tuluse called “La Ville Rse” r “The Pink City?”
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41. What are the reasns fr Tuluse t becme a center f trade in the histry?
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42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement then underline it and explain why.
Basilica f Saint-Sernin stands as a testament t the city’s intellectual significance during medieval time.
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43. In yur pinin, which city in China is like Tuluse, which cherishes its traditins, yet lks frward with ptimism? Why?
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【答案】40. It is called s because f the unique terra-ctta bricks used in many f its buildings, giving the city a distinctive rsy hue.
41. It became a center f trade because f its strategic psitin as well as its dye industry.
42. Basilica f Saint-Sernin stands as a testament t the city’s intellectual significance during medieval time. Basilica f Saint-Sernin stands as a testament t the city’s religius significance during medieval time.
43. Suzhu resembles Tuluse in cherishing traditins while lking ahead, harmniusly blending ld and new.
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了法国南部城市图卢兹的历史、文化、经济和建筑特色。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“In the suthern part f France, away frm the charm f Paris and the scenic Riviera, lies Tuluse, ften referred t as “La Ville Rse” r “The Pink City.” Its nickname cmes frm the unique terra-ctta bricks used in many f its, buildings, giving the city a distinctive style.(图卢兹位于法国南部，远离迷人的巴黎和风景秀丽的里维埃拉，它常被称为“玫瑰城”或“粉红之城”。它的绰号来自于它的许多建筑中使用的独特的赤陶砖，使这座城市具有独特的风格)”可知，图卢兹被称为“玫瑰城”或“粉红之城”是因为它的许多建筑中使用的独特的赤陶砖。故回答：It is called s because f the unique terra-ctta bricks used in many f its buildings, giving the city a distinctive rsy hue.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“The city’s strategic psitin near the Germane River made it a well-knwn trading center in ancient Eurpe. By the Middle Ages, Tuluse had becme a majr center f trade due t its dye industry.(这座城市靠近日耳曼河的战略位置使其成为古代欧洲著名的贸易中心。到中世纪，图卢兹已经成为一个主要的贸易中心，因为它的染料工业)”可知，因为它的战略地位和染料工业，图卢兹成为了一个贸易中心。故回答：It became a center f trade because f its strategic psitin as well as its dye industry.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段“One f the mst significant landmarks in Tuluse is the Basilica f Saint-Sernin, an architectural marvel frm the Rmanesque perid. The church stands as a testament t the city’s religius significance during the medieval (中世纪的) times.(图卢兹最重要的地标之一是圣瑟宁大教堂，它是罗马时期的建筑奇迹。这座教堂是这座城市在中世纪时期宗教意义的见证)”可知，圣瑟宁大教堂是这座城市在中世纪时期宗教意义的见证，所以Basilica f Saint-Sernin stands as a testament t the city’s intellectual significance during medieval time.中intellectual的描述错误。故回答：Basilica f Saint-Sernin stands as a testament t the city’s intellectual significance during medieval time. Basilica f Saint-Sernin stands as a testament t the city’s religius significance during medieval time.
【43题详解】
开放性问题。根据最后一段“It’s a city that embraces is past, cherishes its traditins, yet lks frward with ptimism.(这是一个拥抱过去，珍惜传统，但又乐观地展望未来的城市)”可知，图卢兹是一个既珍惜传统，又对未来保持乐观的态度的城市，这点和中国苏州一样，苏州和图卢兹都是历史文化底蕴深厚的城市，也经历了现代化和经济发展，图卢兹和苏州都是为自己的传统感到自豪的城市，但也不害怕拥抱变化，乐观地展望未来。故回答：Suzhu resembles Tuluse in cherishing traditins while lking ahead, harmniusly blending ld and new.
第二节（共20分）
44. 假如你是红星中学喜剧社的导演李华，你们正在重新彩排一部憨豆先生的喜剧。正巧罗温·艾金森在北京访问，请你写一封邀请信给他，询问他是否能够过来为你们进行指导，并参加最终的演出。
参考词汇：rehearse (v.)—rehearsal (n.)彩排
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，使信息合理。
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【答案】Dear Mr. Atkinsn,
My name is Li Hua, the directr f the cmedy club f Hng Xing High Schl. We are busy urselves practicing ne f yur famus cmedies s that we can play it n the festival perfrmance celebrating the cming f the New Year.
We are exceptinally happy t hear that yu are currently travelling in China. I am wndering whether yu culd cme t ur schl, give us sme suggestins during ur rehearsals and be ur valuable guest n ur final perfrmance.
We will have a rehearsal next Mnday in the theatre f ur schl and the perfrmance will be n December 30th. If yu are interested, please let me knw s that we can be better prepared fr yur arrival.
Best Regards,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生写给罗温·艾金森写一封邀请信，问他是否能够过来为戏剧社即将表演的一部憨豆先生的喜剧进行指导，并参加最终的演出。
【详解】1.词汇积累
著名的：famus→well-knwn
高兴的：happy→delighted
目前：currently→at present
建议：suggestin→advice
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：My name is Li Hua, the directr f the cmedy club f Hng Xing High Schl.
拓展句：My name is Li Hua, wh is the directr f the cmedy club f Hng Xing High Schl.
点睛】[高分句型1]
We are busy urselves practicing ne f yur famus cmedies s that we can play it n the festival perfrmance celebrating the cming f the New Year.（运用了s that引导目的状语从句）
[高分句型2]
I am wndering whether yu culd cme t ur schl, give us sme suggestins during ur rehearsals and be ur valuable guest n ur final perfrmance.(运用了whether引导宾语从句)