高考英语二轮-形容词、副词（复习讲义）(上海专用)（学生版）

这是一份高考英语二轮-形容词、副词（复习讲义）(上海专用)（学生版），共19页。学案主要包含了思维建模，特别提醒等内容，欢迎下载使用。

01 TOC \ "1-3" \h \u \l "_Tc199181714" 考情解码・命题预警 PAGEREF _Tc199181714 \h 2
\l "_Tc199181715" 02体系构建·思维可视 PAGEREF _Tc199181715 \h 3
\l "_Tc199181716" 03核心突破·靶向攻坚 PAGEREF _Tc199181716 \h 3
\l "_Tc199181717" 知能解码 PAGEREF _Tc199181717 \h 3
\l "_Tc199181718" 知识点1 –ing形容词和-ed形容词之比较4
\l "_Tc199181719" 知识点2 形容词副词比较等级的用法12
\l "_Tc199181719" 知识点3 倍数表达法14
\l "_Tc199181722" 题型破译20
\l "_Tc199181724" 题型1 形容词副词在语法填空题中的考查20
【思维建模】结合上下文逻辑；关注标志词
\l "_Tc199181725" 题型2 形容词副词在句子翻译题中的运用24
【思维建模】精准匹配词性、抓取语义标志
\l "_Tc199181733" 04真题溯源·考向感知30
\l "_Tc25045" 知识点1 –ing形容词和-ed形容词
1. 以ing结尾的动词变化而来的形容词一般修饰物，译为“令人……的”，常作定语；主要用于说明事物，
表示事物的性质或特征，若用它们说明人，则表示此人具有此性质或特征。
2. 以-ed结尾的动词变化而来的形容词一般修饰人，译为“（人）……的”，常作表语；通常用于说明人，不
用于说明事物，即使它们所修饰的名词是事物，那它们指的也是与该事物相关的人。
encurage 令人鼓舞的 encuraged 受到鼓舞的
interesting 有趣的 interested 感兴趣的
astnishing令人惊呆的 astnished 惊呆的
surprising 令人惊奇的 surprised感到好奇的
mving 令人感动的 mved 感动的
frightening令人害怕的 frightened害怕的
terrifying令人恐惧 terrified感到恐惧的
puzzling 令人困惑不解的 puzzled感到困惑的
satisfying令人满意的 satisfied感到满意的
tiring 令人厌倦的 tired感到厌烦的
amazing令人惊讶的 amazed感到惊讶的
bring 令人讨厌的 bred感到厌烦的
exciting令人兴奋的 excited感到激动的
tuching 触动人心的 tuched感动的
embarrassing令人尴尬的 embarrassed尴尬的
He had a pleased smile n his face. 他脸上露出了满意的微笑。
He tld me the news in a very excited vice. 他告诉了我这个消息，声音很激动。
The stry is very interesting. 这个故事很有趣。
The man is very interesting. 这个人很有趣。
a frightened lk 害怕的表情(指带有这种“表情”的人感到害怕)
a frightening lk 吓人的表情(指这种“表情”令人害怕)
an excited talk 心情激动的谈话(指“谈话”的人心情激动)
an exciting talk 令人激动的谈话(指听“谈话”的人心情激动)
\l "_Tc25045" 知识点2 形容词副词比较等级
要点1 平级比较
1. ＂as＋形容词＋(a/an)＋名词＋as＂表示同级比较，注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。
☞It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.
人们普遍认为，教学是一门科学，同时也是一门艺术。
2. ＂as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as＂与＂nt as/s＋形容词/副词的原级＋as＂表示同级比较，即两个或两部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同(不同)。
☞The wrk is nt as/s difficult as yu imagine.
这项工作不是像你想像的那么难。
【特别提醒】
as+形容词+as+数量词=数量词+形容词。如：
☞The building is as tall as 100 meters. = The building is 100 meters tall. 这栋楼有100米。
要点2 比较级、
1. 比较级的修饰语有: rather, much，still, any(否定句、疑问句中), even, far, a lt，a bit, a little, a great deal等。
☞He is much taller than Ya Ming. 他比姚明高多了。
☞The bk is better by far than that ne.这本书比那本书要好得多。
2. 比较级的常见结构：
（1）“比较级+than”结构可以表达一方超过或低于另一方的情况。
☞Yu lk much yunger than I d. 你看上去比我年轻多了。
☞She desn’t wrk harder than yu. 她工作不如你努力。
（2）由mre, fewer, less+名词构成的比较级
①mre “比……多”，后接复数名词或不可数名词
☞I have mre news bks than my cusin.
☞He has mre milk than I .
②less “比……少”，后接不可数名词
☞He has less water than me.
③fewer“比……少”，后接复数名词
☞They have fewer flwers than we .
3. 比较级的特殊结构
（1）The mre…,the mre…表示“越……,就越……”(mre代表比较级)
☞The mre careful yu are, the fewer mistakes yu will make.
你越细心，你犯的错误就越少。
☞The happier yu are, the mre friends yu will make.
你越快乐，你将会交越多的朋友。
2.“比较级+比较级”和“mre and mre+多音节词原级”表示“越来越……”
☞Our schl is cleaner and cleaner. 我们的校园越来越干净。
☞Our city becames mre and mre beautiful. 我们的城市变得越来越漂亮。
3.＂the＋比较级＋f the tw ＋名词＂表示＂两者中较……的那个＂。
☞The taller f the tw bys is my brther. 两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥。
4. “n +比较级+than”结构表示“和……一样不……”
“nt +比较级+than”结构意为“不及”，表示前者不如后者
☞Yu are n taller than I. 你和我一样矮。
☞My handwriting is nt better than yurs. 我的书法没有你的好。
要点3 最高级
1. 最高级的修饰语常见的有：序数词，by far，nearly，almst，by n means，nt really，nt quite，nthing like。
☞The bridge being built nw is by far the lngest acrss the Yellw River.
目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥。
☞I’d like t buy the secnd mst expensive camera. 我想买仅次于最贵的照相机。
2. 最高级意义的表达法
①the +最高级+比较范围
☞This apple is the biggest f the five.
②never…a(n)+比较级+可数名词单数
☞I have never read a better bk than this.
③ 比较级＋than＋any ther＋单数名词
比较级＋than＋all the ther＋复数名词
比较级＋than＋anyne else
比较级＋than＋any f the ther＋复数名词
比较级＋than＋the rest f＋复数名词或不可数名词
eg: 朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。(一句多译)
①Julia is taller than any ther girl in her class.
②Julia is taller than all the ther girls in her class.
③Julia is taller than any f the ther girls in her class.
④Julia is taller than the rest f girls in her class.
⑤Julia is the tallest girl in her class.
④否定词＋比较级＝最高级。
☞There is n greater lve than that f a man wh lays dwn his life fr his friends.
为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。
☞—Are yu satisfied with what he said at the meeting?
你对他在会议上说的满意吗？
—N. It culdn’t have been wrse.
不，不能再差了。
\l "_Tc25045" 知识点3 倍数表达法
表示倍数的句型：
(1)A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B
(2)A is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B
(3)A is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size，length，height 等)＋f＋B
(4)A is＋倍数＋that＋f＋B
(5)A is＋倍数＋what 引导的名词性从句
This building is three times higher than that ne.
This building is three times as high as that ne.
This building is three times the height f that ne.
这个建筑物是那个建筑物的3倍高。
The utput f this year is 3 times that f 2008.
＝The utput f this year is 3 times what it was in 2008.
今年的产量是2008年的三倍。
After the new technique was intrduced，the factry prduced twice as many cars in 2008 as the year befre. 自从新技术被引进以后，这家工厂2008年生产的小汽车是上一年的两倍。
自主检测新情境
1．Peple wh have benefited frm gd behaviur are (likely) t d smething nice fr smene else later n. (所给词的适当形式填空)
2．Frankly speaking, Mr White’s lecture is (wnderful) ne I have ever attended. (所给词的适当形式填空)
3．If we had fllwed his plan, we culd have dne the jb better with (little) mney and (few) peple. (所给词的适当形式填空)
4．On the ther hand, plants which have a gd adaptatin t dry cnditins r have the ability t stre water in their cells require (frequent) watering . (所给词的适当形式填空)
5．The students were even (cnfused) but started the test by then. (所给词的适当形式填空)
6．Anther study, cnducted by the Natinal Center n Addictin and Substance Abuse (滥用) at Clumbia University, fund that kids wh eat dinner with their parents five r mre times a week are (likely) t have prblems with drugs and alchl. (所给词的适当形式填空)
7．If yu keep ding that, I’ m sure yu will becme (energetic) and feel better abut yurself. （所给词的适当形式填空）
8．After just 12 minutes with dgs, patients’ hearts and lungs seemed t be wrking (well). (所给词的适当形式填空)
9．The evening is the (blessed) time f the day. Take this time t enjy the happy times with friends and family. Have a laughter-filled evening. (所给词的适当形式填空)
10．Of all the speakers, Harry was (yung) persn t speak at Lndn Tech Week, a festival f technlgy and stars f the future. (所给词的适当形式填空)
11．The frebrain is the largest and (cmplex) part f the brain. (所给词的适当形式填空)
12．In many students’ pinin, maths is ne f the (tugh) subjects. (所给词的适当形式填空)
13．Scientists are carrying n (far) research n Mars. (所给词的适当形式填空)
14. Night wls are the ppsite f mrning larks. These peple have _____ (little) energy in the mrning.
15. Urgent actin is needed if we are t keep ur planet—and ur ceans—safe and habitable. This requires ________ (ambitius) targets t reduce ur carbn emissins and t shift ur energy system away frm plluting fssil fuels twards 100% renewable energies.
题型1 形容词副词在语法填空题中考查
例1 （2025·上海杨浦·二模）
The eye-catching architecture that marks the entrance t the statin lks as if a 2 (threaten) giant has lifted up a tram car and thrwn it int the slid cncrete sidewalk. In reality, it has a much 3 (practical) rigin.
例2（2025·上海松江·二模）
After each perid f activity, they paused fr several minutes. “We fund that walking in 9 (shrt) perids requires mre energy — and mre xygen — t cver the same walking length, cmpared t cvering it cntinuusly. It’s like a car using mre fuel during the first few kilmetres,” he said.
例3（2025·上海青浦·二模）
If yu’ve wrked in any prfessinal envirnment, yu’ve prbably heard advice like this and even taken it.
At first glance, it seems harmless — mtivatinal, even. But dig deeper, and yu’ll find these statements can ften serve t stp prgress, mask deeper prblems, r encurage 1 (healthy) wrkplace nrms.
例4（2025·上海金山·二模）
This lnger frmat requires mre wrk n the script (稿), making the cntent 8 (rich), s the audience always feels it’s wrth their time.
例5（2025·上海普陀·二模）
As mre and mre peple living in urban areas are reprting lwer levels f well-being, and are at a 10 (high) risk f mental health disrders such as depressin and anxiety than befre, the study highlights the imprtance f bringing peple clser t nature, the researchers say.
例6（2025年嘉定一模）
One f the ____3____ (early) discveries was the use f cling t preserve meat. Early hunters wuld drag large animals t caves, where they stayed cl. The meat ____4____ (stre) in the cl caves culd be eaten fr days, even weeks, withut ging bad. In clder climates, the meat wuld freeze and last fr mnths.
例7（2025年虹口一模）
Firstly, rather than base yur chice f clthes n ____4____ the fashin industry says yu shuld, chse yur wn lk. If yu d this, yu’ll lk a lt mre like an individual, and prbably ____5____(genuinely) stylish.
例8（2025年奉贤一模）
In ne study, machine peratrs at a clthes manufacturer became ___2___ (prductive) when they listened t relaxing music; the researchers therefre suggested trying music with a faster pace instead.
例9（2025年青浦一模）
As the reprt says, “traditinal fruit-cleaning peratins cannt whlly remve pesticides,” but “cnsidering that the flesh layer lst during peeling was a great deal (7) ______ (large) than 0.03mm, we believe that the peeling peratin can effectively avid the dangers f pesticides in the fruit’s skin (8) ______ ______ the prbability f taking in pesticides can be reduced.”
例10（2025年宝山一模）
"I wanted t be n my feet (4) _____ (much), wrking with my hands, learning new and practical skills and
having a jb that varied day by day. "That's quite an understatement t describe a career (5) _____ requires yu t keep a cl head while attacking a fire. But Telfer says that flames and nerves can be cnquered in the same way: cntinuus physical and mental training.
例11 （2024年黄浦区一模）
Whether r nt yu have a prper vacatin __29__ (plan) fr the cming weeks, yu culd envisin any cming weekend as its wn tw-day mini-break, prgramming it as yu wuld a trip t smewhere new, with a jurney __30__ (exciting) than just “sleep as much as pssible” and “mw the lawn”.
例12（2024年徐汇区一模）
Mammth Cave Natinal Park is als much mre than just a cave; its surrunding frest cntains ne f ___30___ (diverse) habitats in the cuntry. There are miles f trails pen fr hrseback riding, with kayak and cane trails and great fishing spts.
思维建模 结合上下文逻辑；关注标志词
一、判断空格成分
修饰名词→用形容词；修饰动词 / 形容词 / 句子→用副词。
系动词（be, feel, seem 等）后→用形容词作表语。
二、关注标志词
看到 than→用比较级；看到 the + 范围（如 f all）→用最高级。
三、分析词形变化规则
形容词加 - ly 变副词（注意辅音 + y 结尾变 ily，如 easy→easily）。
特殊变化需牢记（如 true→truly，pssible→pssibly）。
四、结合上下文逻辑
从前后文情感、程度等线索判断（如 “mre + ”; “less + ”。
四、验证搭配合理性
副词修饰形容词时，注意程度副词（very, s, rather）与形容词的固定搭配。
题型2 形容词副词在句子翻译中的运用
（2025·华师大二附中·三模）
1.尽管一起看电视剧这类被动活动轻松愉快，但若想维系友谊，深入交流的作用远胜于此。（）

例2 （2025·晋元高级中学·三模）
2．每天早上的看报时间是他一天忙碌的工作中最放松的时刻。(busy)

例3（2025·上海复兴高级中学·三模）
3．政府非常重视公共设施建设，确保这些设施状况完好，能为所有市民所用。(accessible)

例4（2025·上海延安中学·三模）
4．炎炎夏日，最惬意的莫过于在空调房里吃上一片冰凉的西瓜。（cmpare）

例5（2025·奉贤中学·三模）
5．大力提振消费是立足国内、放眼长远的战略之举。(bth)

例6（2025·长宁·二模）
6．这个古道热肠的退休售票员曾是一位备受尊敬的地方文化推广者。(ready)

例7（2025·松江·二模）
7．豆腐营养丰富且容易消化，老少咸宜。(perfect)

例8（2025·静安·三模）
8．社区卫生中心的入口便于轮椅进出。(access)

例9（2025·黄浦·二模）
9．这位知名作家推荐的书广受追捧，现已售罄。（s）

例10（2025·嘉定·二模）
10．本届音乐节的主题是“春天的律动”，这将为观众带来一场充满春天气息与艺术魅力的视听盛会。(present)

例11 （2025·宝山·一模）
11．此时此刻，每个人的决定都很关键，因为时间已经不多了。(critical)

例12（2025·虹口·一模）
12．你下了那么大功夫，准能在学术竞赛中脱颖而出。（bund）

例13（2025·徐汇·一模）
13．与人相处时，我们应该学会换位思考并体谅他人的难处。(cnsiderate)

例14（2025·奉贤·一模）
14．上海博物馆的埃及展太火爆了，根本抢不到票。(impssible)

例15（2025·宜川中学·三模）
15．（2025·上海·三模）自3月启动以来，本项赛事吸引了500余名来自不同领域的选手踊跃报名，其中不乏留学生群体。（including）

思维建模 精准匹配词性、抓取语义标志
先定位修饰对象
若修饰名词或作表语→用形容词；若修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子→用副词。
例：“她是个____（勇敢的）女孩”→修饰名词 “女孩”，用形容词 brave。
抓中文标志词
看到 “比”→用比较级；看到 “最 + 范围”→用最高级。
看到 “…… 地”→直接转化为副词（加 - ly，特殊变化如 “好地”→well）。
结合语境补全隐含意义
中文未明确但逻辑需要的语义（如 “他工作____（努力）”→“努力” 修饰动词 “工作”，用副词 hard，而非 hardly）。
验证语法正确性
检查副词是否修饰形容词（如 “极其困难”→extremely difficult，而非 extreme difficult）。
比较级 / 最高级是否带标志词（如比较级后是否漏 “than”，最高级前是否漏 “the”）。
（2017·上海春考真题）
“Ztpia” Brke Disney Recrds
Last weekend, the latest Disney mvie, ztpia, brke recrds. The mvie had the largest pening weekend fr a Disney animatin. Peple acrss the U.S bught mre than $75millin wrth f tickets.
Ztpia is a city f animals. The mvie starts with a rabbit plice fficer and a fx criminal 21___________team up t find a missing tter (水獭). He is amng several animals that have suddenly disappeared frm the city.
Ztpia 22___________(praise) fr its sharp humr and strng message since its release. The film explres racism and ther issues in the descriptin f relatins 23___________ tw kinds f animals in the city.
Jaed Bush had Phil wrte ztpia. They tld reprters that it started ut as a spy mvie 24___________(set) in several different cntexts. But they changed the stry 25___________they fund the animal wrld especially interesting. They said t 26___________smething like this, “What’s this wrld like? What’s the histry f this wrld?” and then, Bush said, they went t the experts. Nt nly 27___________the writers speak with peple wh study culture and grup behavir, but als they talked with animals experts like zkeepers
The creatrs have nted that the variety f animals was nt easy 28___________(prduce) in drawings. In the mvie, 64 species live in multiple neighbrhds 29___________(represent) different animals’ living envirnments. Disney says ztpia is its 30___________(cmplex) animatin yet. The extra effrt is certainly paying ff at the bx ffice.
考点要求
考察形式
近年考题
（1）考查形容词副词比较等级；
（2）在具体语境中尤其句子翻译对形容词副词及短语的理解和运用。
语法填空题
句子翻译题
2020上海秋考
The (26)________ (early) examples are knitted scks!
【答案】 26. earliest
【解析】考查形容词的最高级，The+形容词最高级+n此处为: The earliest examples “最早的例子”。
2018年春考
Rarely (21) __d____ I need t prepare family dinner every day. There is a lt (22) ______ (much) laundry.
【答案】22. less
【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据第一段第一句话“I had expected t have mre free time after my sns, Evan and Alex, each left fr cllege, and I d.”在我儿子埃文和亚历克斯各自离开去上大学之后，我本来希望能有更多的空闲时间而我确实是。可知作者想要更多自由时间。这里暗示有较少的衣物要洗。因此需要用一般级比较，而且 little 前面有程度词a lt 修饰。因此答案为 less。
2017年秋考
Nt nly d peple seem 26__________ (anxius) when animals are nearby, but they may als live lnger.
【答案】26. less anxius
[解析]考查形容词比较级。Nt nly d peple seem less anxius when animals are nearby, but they may als live lnger. 当动物在附近的时候，人们不仅看起来不那么焦虑，而且他们也可能活得更长。Little 的比较急 less，可以修饰副词和形容词。
2017年春考
Disney says ztpia is its 30___________(cmplex) animatin yet. The extra effrt is certainly paying ff at the bx ffice.
【答案】30. mst cmplex
【解析】考查形容词比较级。mst cmplex 最复杂 Disney say “Ztpia” is its mst cmplex animatin yet迪士尼说动物城是它拍摄的最复杂的动画。
考情分析：
高考命题不局限于考查单个形容词和副词，而是更加注重对比较等级用法和翻译中固定搭配的考查。
必考点：
形容词副词的基本意思和短语搭配用法；
形容词副词比较等级的用法
2. 句子翻译中形容词副词的运用；
复习目标：
熟练掌握形容词副词意思及基本用法；
掌握形容词副词比较等级用法；
3. 强化在复杂语境中对形容词副词及其相关短语的运用