高考英语一轮讲义-申请信&咨询信（全国通用）（教师版）

这是一份高考英语一轮讲义-申请信&咨询信（全国通用）（教师版），共21页。学案主要包含了文体概念与功能界定，词汇优化，句式拓展，高分句型等内容，欢迎下载使用。

（一）命题规律分析
1.高频亮相，重中之重：申请信与咨询信是高考英语应用文的“常客”。近五年全国卷及各省市卷中，直接考查或与其他功能（如介绍、感谢）混合考查的频率极高。
2.命题形式多样化：
单一功能：早期常见，如“写一封申请信申请某个职位/项目”。
混合功能（当前主流）：将申请/咨询与介绍、邀请、建议等功能结合，考查语言综合运用能力。例如：
“给你心仪大学的招生办写邮件，咨询课程信息，并介绍自己的特长。”（咨询+介绍）
“给夏令营组委会写一封申请信，申请成为志愿者，并建议一项活动。”（申请+建议）
3.情境设置贴近生活：命题情境多围绕学生实际生活，如申请学生会职位、志愿者、夏令营、大学项目、兼职工作、咨询课程、活动详情、产品信息等。
4.评分标准透视：
基础分：格式正确、要点齐全、语言无误。
高分关键：
内容逻辑：要点衔接自然，逻辑清晰，详略得当。
语言质量：词汇丰富，句式多变，表达地道。
交际效果：读者意识强，语气得体，能有效实现写作目的（说服对方或获得信息）。
（二）真题回顾
1.申请信
2023 年天津卷：假设你是晨光中学的学生李津，通过交换生项目在英国某中学就读，校方为加强中英文化交流，将举办 “中国工坊” 活动。该活动主题涉及中华美食、中国传统手工艺、中国书法和绘画，拟招募学生现场教授相关技能。请写一封申请信，内容包括申请参加本次活动、阐述对本次文化交流活动意义的理解、结合个人兴趣和特长说明拟教授何种技能及原因。
2019 年全国 I 卷：假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括写信目的、个人优势、能做的事情。
2018 年浙江卷：假定你是李华，你校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待来访的国外中学生。请你写信应聘，内容包括口语能力、相关经验、应聘目的。
2012 年辽宁卷：假定你是李华，将与今年七月从新星外语学校毕业，你从报纸上得知 B&B 公司要招聘一名英文秘书，你很感兴趣。请给该公司写一封求职信，包括年龄、学习情况及英语水平、兴趣和特长、性格特点等。
2.咨询信
2021 年全国甲卷：假定你是李华，你校计划举办介绍中国传统文化的主题班会，并在英文网站展示。请你写一封邮件给外国朋友 Chris，向他了解哪些中国传统文化更吸引外国友人。邮件内容包括阐明写信事由、征求建议、表示感谢。
2020 年浙江卷：向因病假回国休假的外教老师询问近况，分享消息和祝愿。
2014 年全国 I 卷：暑期去英国学习，给培训学校写信询问为期六周广告的内容。
（三）常见失分点
失分点1：要点机械堆砌。将题目要点生硬翻译、罗列，缺乏必要的过渡和衔接。
失分点2：语言平淡无奇。通篇简单句，缺乏亮点词汇和高级句式，无法体现语言优势。
失分点3：语气把握不当。申请信显得卑微或傲慢，咨询信问题空洞、缺乏礼貌。
失分点4：混合任务失衡。在多个写作任务中，无法平衡篇幅，导致某个要点展开不足或过度。
一、文体概念与功能界定
申请信：核心功能是“说服”。目的是展示自身能力与需求的匹配度，争取一个机会（职位、名额等）。关键在于 “匹配” 与 “价值”。
咨询信：核心功能是“获取信息”。目的是有礼貌、有条理地获取未知信息。关键在于 “清晰” 与 “礼貌”。
核心结构与写作模板
（一） 申请信高分结构
开头（Opening）：直奔主题，表明热情
套句升级：I am writing with great enthusiasm t apply fr the [职位/项目] advertised in/n . 或 Having learned abut [项目名称] frm [来源], I am writing t express my keen interest in serving as a [职位].
正文（Bdy）：展示匹配，提供证据（使用“论点+论据”模式）
段落1：学术/能力匹配。My academic backgrund in [相关领域] has prvided me with a slid fundatin in [具体技能]. Fr instance, [具体事例].
段落2：经验/软实力匹配。Beynd academics, I have develped strng [软实力，如teamwrk skills] thrugh my experience as [相关经历]. This experience taught me hw t [具体收获].
段落3（可选）：表达对申请对象的了解与热情。I am particularly impressed by [对方机构的某个特点], which aligns perfectly with my persnal values and career aspiratins.
结尾（Clsing）：强化印象，呼吁行动
套句升级：I am cnfident that my qualificatins and passin make me a suitable candidate fr this psitin. I have attached my resume fr yur review and wuld welcme the pprtunity fr an interview. Thank yu fr yur time and cnsideratin.
（二） 咨询信高分结构
开头（Opening）：清晰说明来意及背景
套句升级：I am writing t inquire abut [具体事项] regarding [相关项目/产品]. I am a [身份] and I am very interested in [项目名称].
正文（Bdy）：问题具体，条理清晰
使用序列词：First, culd yu please prvide mre details abut [问题一]? Secnd, I wuld like t knw [问题二]. Lastly, it wuld be greatly appreciated if yu culd clarify [问题三].
表明已做功课：I have checked the fficial website, but I culdn’t find infrmatin regarding...
结尾（Clsing）：表达感谢，期待回复
套句升级：I wuld be grateful if yu culd prvide the abve infrmatin at yur earliest cnvenience. Thank yu fr yur assistance.
（三）语言亮点库（从平淡到出色）
表明意图：I want t apply fr... → I am writing t express my strng interest in... / t submit my applicatin fr...
展示能力：I am gd at English. → I have a gd cmmand f English. / I am prficient in English, which was demnstrated when I...
表达热情：I like yur cmpany. → I have lng been an admirer f yur rganizatin’s wrk in [领域].
提出询问：I have sme questins. → I wuld be grateful if yu culd clarify the fllwing pints: / I am writing t seek clarificatin n...
表达感谢：Thank yu fr reading. → Thank yu fr yur time and cnsideratin. / Yur assistance is greatly appreciated.
（四）混合题型衔接策略
技巧：使用过渡词句将不同功能自然连接。
1.“申请+咨询”：In additin t my applicatin, I wuld like t take this pprtunity t ask abut [咨询内容].
2.“咨询+申请”：After receiving the infrmatin, I believe my backgrund in [领域] wuld make me a strng candidate, and I am eager t submit a frmal applicatin.
（五）万能模板
1.申请信
Dear _______,
I am Li Hua, a high schl student frm China. Learning that __________________(写信背景), I am writing t apply fr the psitin f __________________(职位名称).
T begin with, I have a gd cmmand f bth _____________ and _____________(优势 1), which enables me t __________________(好处1). In additin, my previus experience puts me at an advantage in __________________(好处2). What’s mre, being an utging and sciable individual allws me t __________________. Therefre, I believe I am a qualified candidate.
I wuld appreciate it if yu culd take my applicatin int cnsideratin. Lking frward t yur reply at yur earliest cnvenience.​
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
2.咨询信
Dear _______,
I am ... . Srry t disturb yu, I am writing t cnsult yu abut further infrmatin regarding ... .
First and fremst, culd yu tell me ? Aside frm it, I intend t Additinally, I wuld als like t inquire . Furthermre, is there anything else I shuld pay special attentin t? Culd yu be s kind as t send me sme relevant details n the abve-mentined aspects?
Thank yu fr yur kindness, and yur prmpt attentin t this letter will be highly appreciated.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
（四）范文赏析
范文1：
(24-25高三上·宁夏·期中）假定你是李华，是英国伦敦某一学校的交流生，得知当地博物馆要举办中国唐朝文物展，请写一封信申请做志愿者。内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 能做的事情。
参考词汇：
文物cultural relics
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sir r Madam,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Sir r Madam,
I’m Li Hua, an exchange student frm China. I’m writing t apply t be a vlunteer fr the Exhibitin f Cultural Relics f the Tang Dynasty in China, which will be held in yur museum.
I think I am qualified fr this jb in the fllwing aspect. Shwing great interest in the culture and histry f the Tang Dynasty, I have a gd knwledge f the exhibits t be displayed, like its unique prcelains, brilliant Chinese paintings by the famus Tang painters, vivid sculptures, and s n. Additinally, I can speak English fluently, making it pssible fr me t intrduce the exhibits freely. If I am lucky enugh t be chsen as a vlunteer, I can shw visitrs arund the museum and get them t knw mre abut the great Tang Dynasty.
I wuld be very grateful if yu culd ffer me the pprtunity. Lking frward t yur early reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇是应用文写作。英国伦敦博物馆要举办中国唐朝文物展，要求考生写一封信申请做志愿者。
【详解】
1. 词汇积累
符合资格：qualified→eligible
另外：additinally→furthermre
幸运的：lucky→frtunate
感激的：grateful→appreciative
2.句式拓展，简单句变复合句
原句：Additinally, I can speak English fluently, making it pssible fr me t intrduce the exhibits freely.
拓展句：Additinally, I can speak English fluently, which makes it pssible fr me t intrduce the exhibits freely.
【点睛】
[高分句型1]
I’m writing t apply t be a vlunteer fr the Exhibitin f Cultural Relics f the Tang Dynasty in China, which will be held in yur museum.（which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]
If I am lucky enugh t be chsen as a vlunteer, I can shw visitrs arund the museum and get them t knw mre abut the great Tang Dynasty.（if引导的条件状语从句）
范文2：
（2021年高考全国甲卷）假定你是李华。你校计划举办介绍中国传统文化的主题班会，并在英文网站展示。请你写一封邮件给外国朋友Chris，向他了解哪些中国传统文化更吸引外国友人。邮件内容包括：
1.阐明写信事由；
2.征求建议；
3.表示感谢。
注意：
词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Chris,
I am Li Hua. Srry t disturb yu. I am writing t cnsult yu abut further infrmatin regarding a class meeting whse tpic is related t Chinese traditinal custms.
First and fremst, culd yu tell me which Chinese culture yu westerners prefer? Aside frm it, I intend t knw hw t decrate my website with sme Chinese elements. Additinally, I wuld als like t inquire hw t t get mre clicks. Furthermre, is there anything else I shuld pay special attentin t? Culd yu be s kind as t send me sme relevant details n the abve-mentined aspects?
Thank yu fr yur kindness, and yur prmpt attentin t this letter will be highly appreciated.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】
本篇是高考英语应用文（邮件）解析。学校计划举办中国传统文化主题班会并在英文网站展示，需给外国朋友 Chris 写邮件，咨询哪些传统文化更吸引外国友人及相关建议。
一、写作要点匹配
开篇点题：首句 “I am writing t cnsult yu abut... a class meeting whse tpic is related t Chinese traditinal custms” 直接点明咨询事由，符合英文邮件 “开门见山” 的交际逻辑。
咨询分层：用 “First and fremst/Aside frm it/Additinally” 串联问题（西方偏好的文化、网站装饰、提升点击量），覆盖 “征求建议” 核心，问题具体不笼统。
结尾致谢：“Thank yu fr yur kindness... will be highly appreciated” 礼貌感谢，符合咨询类邮件的礼仪规范。
二、词汇优化
咨询：“cnsult” 替代 “ask”，更正式，契合向友人请教的语境；
此外：“Additinally/Furthermre” 替代 “Als”，让问题衔接更显层次；
感激：“highly appreciated” 替代 “grateful”，“yur... will be highly appreciated” 符合邮件结尾正式表达习惯。
三、句式拓展
定语从句：“a class meeting whse tpic is related t Chinese traditinal custms”，合并 “班会” 与 “主题” 的简单句，信息更紧凑；
宾语从句：“culd yu tell me which Chinese culture yu westerners prefer”，将简单疑问句转化为委婉请求句式，语气更礼貌。
四、高分句型
定语从句（对应高分句型 1）：“whse tpic is related t Chinese traditinal custms”，限定班会主题，提升语法复杂度；
委婉请求句式（呼应高分句型 2 逻辑）：“Culd yu be s kind as t send me sme relevant details”，比直接提问更显诚恳，是高分亮点。
三、拔高练习
（一）选词填空
请从方框中选择合适的单词或短语，填入句子空白处，使其意思完整、语法正确（每词限用一次）。
advise cnfirm evaluate recmmend assist
inquire highlight deserve suggest supprt
In my recmmendatin letter, I will ___________ the applicant’s utstanding academic perfrmance and teamwrk skills.
We ___________ yu t prvide mre details abut the schlarship applicatin prcess in yur cnsultatin email.
The prfessr agreed t ___________ the student fr the exchange prgram due t his excellent research ability.
Culd yu please ___________ whether the applicatin deadline has been extended? I need this infrmatin fr my cnsultatin.
After careful cnsideratin, we ___________ that yu submit yur recmmendatin letter by the end f this week.
This candidate’s years f prfessinal experience and strng prblem-slving skills ___________ this senir psitin, s I strngly supprt him.
Our team is willing t ___________ yu with any questins abut the prgram—feel free t reach ut fr cnsultatin.
When writing a cnsultatin letter, it is imprtant t clearly state what yu want t ___________ abut t avid cnfusin.
The cmmittee will ___________ the applicant’s qualificatins based n the recmmendatin letters and persnal statements.
All clleagues ___________ the emplyee’s prmtin, as he has made great cntributins t the cmpany’s develpment.
【参考答案】
highlight​
advise​
recmmend​
cnfirm​
suggest​
deserve​
assist​
inquire​
evaluate​
supprt
（二）句型转换
请将以下直接、口语化的表达转换为适合推荐信或咨询信的书面、得体英文表达。
Yu shuld tell them abut Lisa’s gd cmmunicatin skills in the recmmendatin letter.
__________________________________________________________________________
This training curse is useful. Yu can ask the cnsultant abut it.
__________________________________________________________________________
Jhn is a gd wrker. Yu can hire him. I can write a recmmendatin letter.
__________________________________________________________________________
Yu need t knw the applicatin requirements. Yu can send an email t ask.
__________________________________________________________________________
This candidate is great. I think yu shuld accept her. I will supprt her in my letter.
__________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
1.In the recmmendatin letter, I suggest that yu highlight Lisa’s excellent cmmunicatin skills.​
2.This training curse is f great value, and yu may inquire abut it with the cnsultant.​
3.Given Jhn’s utstanding wrk perfrmance, I recmmend hiring him and am willing t prvide a recmmendatin letter fr him.​
4.If yu need t knw the applicatin requirements, yu may send an email t inquire abut them.​
5.This candidate is highly qualified, and I recmmend that yu accept her; I will express my supprt fr her in the recmmendatin letter.
（三）单句写作
请根据中文提示或情境，写出适合推荐信或咨询信的委婉、得体英文句子。
1.我在推荐信中推荐王教授担任此次学术会议的评委，因为他在该领域拥有丰富的研究经验。（I recmmend that...）
__________________________________________________________________________
2.若您需要咨询项目细节，建议您通过邮件与项目负责人联系，他会为您提供详细信息。（If yu need t...）
__________________________________________________________________________
3.我认为李同学值得获得这份奖学金，因此在推荐信中我会重点强调她的学术成就和公益贡献。（I believe... and thus...）
__________________________________________________________________________
4.如何咨询留学申请的材料准备要求？建议您访问学校官网或发送咨询邮件至招生办公室。
__________________________________________________________________________
5.在推荐信中，我会证明张先生具备出色的管理能力，这是他在过去五年工作中多次展现的优势。（In the recmmendatin letter, I will...）
__________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
1.I recmmend that Prfessr Wang be appinted as a judge f this academic cnference in my recmmendatin letter, as he has rich research experience in this field.​
2.If yu need t inquire abut the prject details, it is recmmended that yu cntact the prject manager via email, wh will prvide yu with detailed infrmatin.​
3.I believe that Student Li deserves this schlarship, and thus I will highlight her academic achievements and public welfare cntributins in the recmmendatin letter.​
4.Hw t inquire abut the requirements fr preparing study-abrad applicatin materials? It is suggested that yu visit the schl’s fficial website r send a cnsultatin email t the admissin ffice.​
5.In the recmmendatin letter, I will demnstrate that Mr. Zhang pssesses excellent management skills, which is an advantage he has repeatedly shwn in his wrk ver the past five years.
（四）应用文写作
1.（2022·北京通州·一模）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学校下周准备开展一次“中国传统文化进校园”活动，届时一些外国友人也会应邀参加，现正在招募志愿服务人员，请你用英文给负责人Mr. Smith写一封申请信，内容包括：
1. 申请理由；
2. 个人优势；
3. 希望批准。
注意：
词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Mr. Smith,
Learning frm the advertisement yu have psted that yu're in need f a vlunteer, I'm writing fr a chance t wrk as a vlunteer and I feel this psitin is specially tailred t me.
Initially, my advantage first lies in the fact that I have the ability t rganize activities. Additinally, as an utging student, nt nly can I get alng well with thers but als I have a sense f duty and cperatin. Ultimately,what satisfies me mst is that I can express myself fluently and clearly in English. With respnsibility and patience, I’ll shw passinate enthusiasm tward this jb.
I d hpe my enthusiasm and qualificatin will win me a favrable cnsideratin frm yur side. Keenly anticipate yur prmpt reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
假定你是中国高中生李华，今年暑假期间将去澳大利亚悉尼南部 Kgarah的一所综合性学校Kgarah High Schl学习一个月，并将寄宿在当地的居民Silvia家中。请给Silvia写封电子邮件，询问一些将在Kgarah生活的有关情况。具体询问内容如下：
住宿是否可以有单间；
房间是否有网络；
是否可以自己煮饭；
4. 是否有便利的交通。
Dear Silvia,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Silvia,
I am Li Hua. Srry t disturb yu, I am writing t cnsult yu abut further infrmatin regarding my stay in yur family during the summer vacatin.
First and fremst, culd yu tell me whether I culd have my wn rm and have access t the Internet in my rm? Aside frm it, I intend t knw whether I culd ck sme Chinese dishes in case I’m nt used t Australian fd. Additinally, I wuld als like t inquire if there is a bus rute n the way t schl. Furthermre, is there anything else I shuld pay special attentin t? Culd yu be s kind as t send me sme relevant details n the abve-mentined aspects?
Thank yu fr yur kindness, and yur prmpt attentin t this letter will be highly appreciated.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
（2023天津卷）假设你是晨光中学的学生李津，通过交换生项目在英国某中学就读，校方为加强中英文化交流,将举办“中国工坊”活动。该活动主题涉及中华美食、中国传统手工艺，中国书法和绘画，拟招募学生现场教授相关技能。请按照以下提示，写一封申请信：
申请参加本次活动；
阐述你对本次文化交流活动意义的理解；
结合个人兴趣和特长，说明拟教授何种技能，并阐述原因。
参考词汇：
中国工坊Chinese Wrkshp
中华美食Chinese cuisine
手工艺handicraft
书法calligraphy
注意：
(1)词数不少于 100；
(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
(3)开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely yurs,
Li Jin
【参考范文】
Dear Sir/Madam
I am Li Jin, an exchange student frm China. Knwing that Chinese Wrkshp will be held in the schl, I am writing t apply fr taking part in the activity.
The theme f the activity invlves Chinese fd, traditinal Chinese handicrafts, Chinese calligraphy and painting. S I think this activity is very significant, which is cnducive t spreading excellent traditinal Chinese culture and prmting cultural exchanges between China and Britain. As a Chinese, I have a passin fr making Chinese cuisine ,fr example dumplings. Nt nly can I teach participants hw t make dumplings, but als let them fall in lve with Chinese cuisine.
I wuld appreciate it if yu wuld enrll me in the event. Lking frward t yur reply.
Sincerely yurs,
Li Jin
2.（2020·浙江·高考真题）假定你是李华，你校来自爱尔兰的外教Peter因病回国休假。请给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1. 询问近况；2. 分享班级最新消息；3. 表达祝愿。
注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Peter，
I hpe this email finds yu well! We’re all cncerned abut yur health and wndered hw yur recvery is prgressing. Culd yu let us knw yur current cnditin?
Back at schl, ur class made great prgress in the English speech cntest last week. Emma wn first place with her inspiring speech abut cultural exchange, and everyne praised yur teaching methds during the debate practice. It’s been a week since yu left, and we all miss yur lively classes!
Wish yu a full recvery sn and a safe return t China. Please stay in tuch!
Best regards，
Li Hua
3.（2012年全国卷I）假定你是李华，从互联网（the Internet）上得知一个国际中学生组织将在新加坡（Singapre）举办夏令营，欢迎各国学生参加。请写一封电子邮件申请参加。
内容主要包括：
1.自我介绍（包括英语能力）；
2.参加意图（介绍中国、了解其他国家）；
3.希望获准。
【参考范文】
Dear Sir r Madam,
I’m Li Hua, presently a senir high schl student frm China. I am writing t express my great interest in yur activity. I learn frm the Internet that yur rganizatin will hld a summer camp in Singapre and welcme students frm varius cuntries t jin.
Here’s the detailed infrmatin abut myself. I’ve been learning English fr 10 years and after years f hard wrk, nw I have a rather gd cmmand f bth written and spken English. What’s mre, fr the reasn why I am s eager t jin yu, I believe it wuld be a great pprtunity fr me t intrduce China and learn mre abut ther cuntries.
Thank yu s much fr yur time t read my applicatin and I wuld appreciate it if yu can give me an pprtunity/chance t jin yu.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
（2014年全国卷I）假定你是李华，计划暑假期间去英国学习英语，为期六周。下面的广告引起了你的注意，请给该校写封信，询问有关情况（箭头所指内容）
注意：
词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3. 参考词汇：住宿—accmmdatin
【参考范文】
Dear Sir / Madam,
I am a student in China and I plan t g t Britain t attend a summer schl during the vacatin. I've seen yur ad, and I'd like t knw smething mre abut yur six-week English curse. First, when will the curse start and hw many class hurs are there per week? Besides, I wish there wuld nt be t many students in a class. I'd als like t knw hw much I have t pay fr the curse and whether accmmdatin is included. Wuld there be hst family r university drmitry?
I am lking frward t yur early reply.
Yurs faithfully,
Li Hua