北京市海淀区2024_2025学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题含解析

这是一份北京市海淀区2024_2025学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题含解析，共19页。
3．答案一律填涂或书写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。
4．在答题纸上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其余题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
5．考试结束，请将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。
第一部分：听力理解(共四节，21分)
第一节(共4小题;每小题1分，共4分)
听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。
1．Which activity did the man enjy the mst?
A．Picking peaches. B．Fishing in the river. C．Cycling with his uncle.
2．What is the wman planning t d after finishing the reprt?
A．T hld a meeting. B．T prepare fr a presentatin. C．T add the final sales data.
3．What will the man prbably buy?
A．A mbile phne. B．A birthday cake. C．A smart watch.
4．Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A．In a café. B．In a gym. C．In a library.
第二节(共6小题;每小题1分，共6分)
听下面3段对话。每段对话后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间来阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听两遍。
听第5段材料，回答第5至6小题。
5．What des the wman use the app fr?
A．Sharing healthy diets. B．Making training plans. C．Tracking running rutes.
6．Why des the man talk t the wman?
A．T find an exercise app. B．T give exercise suggestins. C．T share exercise experiences.
听第6段材料，回答第7至8小题。
7．What d peple d befre entering the twer?
A．Wash their hands. B．Remve their shes. C．Cver their faces.
8．What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A．Traditinal clthes. B．Delicius meals. C．Lcal custms.
听第7段材料，回答第9至10小题。
9．Why is the man s happy nw?
A．He has learned a lt frm a dctr.
B．He enjys the talk with his friend Amy.
C．He has gained inspiratin frm his father.
10．What inspired the wman t be a banker?
A．A writer’s stry. B．The man’s advice. C．Her father’s influence.
第三节(共5小题;每小题1分，共5分)
听下面一段独白，完成第11至15五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。
第四节(共3小题;每小题2分，共6分)
听下面一段独白，回答第16至18三道小题。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后请你回答下面三个问题。这段独白你将听三遍。
16．What des a digital fast refer t?
17．What prblems can be caused by digital addictin?
18．Please list tw benefits a digital fast can bring.
第二部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Hair was nce my biggest cncern. While my classmates had lng, silky hair dwn their backs, my hair was shrt and curly. I was quite ____1____.
“Yur hair desn’t define yu. It is beautiful,” my mther wuld try t cmfrt me.
Hwever, her ____2____ did little t calm me. Why culdn’t I have lng hair like everyne else? I n lnger wanted t stand ut. I wanted t ____3____ and be accepted.
It wasn’t that I hated my hair, but rather I believed thers did. I was afraid it wuld be regarded ugly by my classmates. I als wrried if they learned I wre extensins (接发), I wuld be ____4____. This was an nging struggle that I kept secret. At schl, I faced lts f questins abut my hair. “Des yur hair even grw? Are thse extensins r yur real hair?”
In tenth grade, I ____5____. I realized I had tw ptins. I culd either believe my classmates were truly ____6____ r cnsider the questins as judgments. Actually, their ____7____ didn’t matter. I culd chse nt t base my happiness n what I believed thers thught f me, but n my wn ____8____.
Over the next tw years, I pushed myself ut f my cmfrt zne and engaged in varius schl r scial activities, where I was surrunded by different peple. Wearing my ____9____ hair, I made it my missin t stand ut. I develped int a mre cnfident persn.
I n lnger live my life limited by what I believe thers think f me. I dn’t hide behind extensins and if I chse t wear them I d s ____10____ and am n lnger secretive. Nw, I wear my hair and live my life hwever I desire.
1. A. thrilledB. surprisedC. cnfusedD. embarrassed
2. A. decisinB. supprtC. answerD. expectatin
3. A. fit inB. get aheadC. reach utD. mve n
4. A. stppedB. challengedC. defeatedD. judged
5. A. struggledB. explredC. changedD. hesitated
6. A. curiusB. helpfulC. awkwardD. trubled
7. A. pininsB. cncernsC. explanatinsD. descriptins
8. A. galsB. skillsC. standardsD. strengths
9. A. silkyB. messyC. stylishD. natural
10. A. eagerlyB. prudlyC. hpefullyD. seriusly
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经为了融入同学，选择戴假发来遮掩自己的头发，后来作者变得自信了，开始接受自己，不再遮遮掩掩。
【1题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很尴尬。A. thrilled激动的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. cnfused困惑的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文“Hair was nce my biggest cncern. While my classmates had lng, silky hair dwn their backs, my hair was shrt and curly.(头发曾经是我最关心的问题。我的同学都是长长的、柔滑的头发，而我的头发是短而卷曲的)”可知，作者因为自己的头发而尴尬。故选D。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，她的支持并没有让我平静下来。A. decisin决定；B. supprt支持；C. answer回答；D. expectatin期待。根据上文“Yur hair desn’t define yu. It is beautiful(你的头发不能定义你。它很美)”可知，母亲支持作者。故选B。
【3题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想融入并被接受。A. fit in融入；B. get ahead取得成功；C. reach ut伸出手；D. mve n前进。根据后文“and be accepted”可知，作者想要融入同学，被接受。故选A。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还担心，如果他们知道我戴了假发，会对我评头论足。A. stpped停止；B. challenged挑战；C. defeated击败；D. judged评判，判断。根据上文“I als wrried if they learned I wre extensins, I wuld be”以及后文“This was an nging struggle that I kept secret.(这是一场我一直保密的斗争)”可知，作者担心同学知道自己带了假发会评判自己，后文“cnsider the questins as judgments”也是提示。故选D。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：十年级时，我变了。A. struggled努力；B. explred探索；C. changed改变；D. hesitated犹豫。根据后文“I realized I had tw ptins. I culd either believe my classmates were truly ____6____ r cnsider the questins as judgments.”可知，作者十年级对自己的头发的看法发生了改变。故选C。
【6题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我要么相信我的同学们真的很好奇，要么把这些问题当作判断。A. curius好奇的；B. helpful有用的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. trubled不安的。根据上文“Des yur hair even grw? Are thse extensins r yur real hair?(你的头发还会长吗？这是接发还是你的真头发？)”以及后文“r cnsider the questins”可知，同学对作者的头发有很多疑问，说明是好奇的。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他们的意见并不重要。A. pinins意见；B. cncerns担心；C. explanatins解释；D. descriptins描述。根据上文“At schl, I faced lts f questins abut my hair. “Des yur hair even grw? Are thse extensins r yur real hair?”(在学校，我面对很多关于头发的问题。“你的头发还长吗？这是假发还是你的真头发？”)”可知，此处指同学对于作者头发表的意见。故选A。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以选择不把我的幸福建立在别人对我的看法上，而是建立在我自己的标准上。A. gals目标；B. skills技能；C. standards标准；D. strengths优点。根据上文“I culd chse nt t base my happiness n what I believed thers thught f me, but n my wn”可知，作者不再看重别人的意见，即选择不把幸福建立在别人对自己的看法上，而是建立在自己的标准上。故选C。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：留着我天生的头发，我把脱颖而出作为自己的使命。A. silky丝绸的；B. messy混乱的；C. stylish时髦的；D. natural天生的。根据后文“I develped int a mre cnfident persn. I n lnger live my life limited by what I believe thers think f me.(我成长为一个更自信的人。我的生活不再局限于别人对我的看法)”可知，作者变得更自信了，说明不再戴假发，留着自己天生的头发。故选D。
【10题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我不会躲在假发后面，如果我选择戴假发，我会骄傲地戴，不再遮遮掩掩。A. eagerly渴望地；B. prudly骄傲地；C. hpefully有希望地；D. seriusly严肃地。根据上文“I dn’t hide behind extensins and if I chse t wear them I d s”以及后文“Nw, I wear my hair and live my life hwever I desire.(现在，我梳着我的头发，过着我想要的生活)”可知，作者变得自信，不会躲在假发后面，即使选择戴假发，也会骄傲地戴，不再遮遮掩掩。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题纸指定区域作答。
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Digital identities, r avatars, are a key part f hw peple use the Internet t cmmunicate and express ____11____ (them). The first simple 2D avatars ____12____ (appear) in rle-playing cmputer games in the 1980s. Yet, very few peple knew that future avatars ____13____ (have) such a wide range f frms and uses. Surprisingly, avatars have the pwer ____14____ (invent) new identities, which lets yu express yurself and gives lts f rm fr peple’s creativity.
【答案】11. themselves
12. appeared
13. wuld have
14. t invent
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了数字身份即虚拟形象是人们使用互联网进行交流和表达的关键部分，还讲述了其发展及作用。
【11题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：数字身份，即虚拟形象，是人们如何使用互联网进行交流和表达自己的关键部分。提示词them作宾语，与主语peple一致，表示“人们用互联网表达他们自己”，施动者和受动者是同一群人，应用反身代词themselves作宾语。故填themselves。
【12题详解】
考查时态。句意：第一批简单的二维虚拟形象在20世纪80年代的角色扮演电脑游戏中出现。appear(出现)是谓语动词，根据时间状语“in the 1980s”可知，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态，动词appear要用过去式appeared。故填appeared。
【13题详解】
考查时态。句意：然而，很少有人知道未来的虚拟形象会有如此广泛的形式和用途。have(有)是从句谓语动词，主句谓语“knew”这个动作发生在过去，而“未来的虚拟形象有广泛形式和用途”是在“knew”之后的将来，即过去的将来，用过去将来时态“wuld + 动词原形”。故填wuld have。
【14题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：令人惊讶的是，虚拟形象有创造新身份的能力，这让你能够表达自己，并为人们的创造力提供了很大的空间。名词pwer后常用不定式作后置定语，pwer t d sth.表示“做某事的能力”；这里用动词不定式t invent作后置定语，修饰名词pwer。故填t invent。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A 79-year-ld lady, ppularly knwn as Grandma Bai, has achieved widespread applause fr her ____15____ (athlete) figure, impressive skills and inspiring wrds. Bai had three surgeries in 2005. ____16____ (imprve) her health cnditin, she began wrking ut at a fitness center five times per week, practicing yga and weightlifting. She believes that wrking ut regularly helps avid ____17____ (fall) ill and makes peple full f cnfidence.
【答案】15. athletic
16. T imprve
17. falling
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一位79岁的白奶奶因其健美的身材、令人印象深刻的技能和鼓舞人心的话语而赢得了广泛的掌声。
【15题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一位79岁的白奶奶因其健美的身材、令人印象深刻的技能和鼓舞人心的话语而赢得了广泛的掌声。修饰名词figure用形容词athletic“强壮的，健壮的”，故填athletic。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了改善她的健康状况，她开始每周在健身中心锻炼五次，练习瑜伽和举重。此处imprve作目的状语，用不定式，首字母大写。故填T imprve。
【17题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她认为，经常锻炼有助于避免生病，让人充满信心。短语avid ding sth.表示“避免做某事”。故填falling。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Mst f us think f ceremnies as imprtant ccasins ____18____ are cnnected t majr life events like birthdays. Hwever, there is a surprising pwer f having a “sense f ceremny” and the secret lies ____19____ awakening ur senses. Fr example, t start a refreshing Mnday, yu can make a cup f cffee and write dwn three things t cmplete this week. After a few Mndays, as sn as yu smell the cffee scent, yu ____20____ (remind) f the week’s pssibilities and lk frward t the week ahead.
【答案】18. that##which
19. in 20. will be reminded##are reminded
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了仪式感的力量，指出其秘诀在于唤醒我们的感官，并举例说明如何用仪式感开启新的一周。
【18题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我们大多数人认为仪式是与生日等重大人生事件相关的重要场合。“____1____ are cnnected t majr life events like birthdays”是定语从句，修饰先行词ccasins，指物，关系词将其代入从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导该从句。故填that/which。
【19题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，拥有“仪式感”有一种惊人的力量，秘诀在于唤醒我们的感官。lie in是固定短语，意为“在于”。故填in。
【20题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：几个周一之后，只要你闻到咖啡的香味，你就会想起本周的各种可能性，并期待即将到来的一周。remind(使想起)是主句谓语动词，与主语yu之间是被动关系，as sn as引导时间状语从句中使用了一般现在时态，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时态will be reminded，也可理解为一般性事实，用一般现在时态are reminded。故填will be reminded/are reminded。
第三部分：阅读理解(共一节，22分)
第一节(共11小题;每小题2分，共22分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Whether yu’re a keen walker r just starting ut with walking, yu might be understandably unwilling t d it utside in the cld. Believe it r nt, there are many benefits f walking utside in the cld. If yu’re thinking abut adding cld-weather walks t yur exercise rutine, here are sme tips.
Dressing in layers
Dressing prperly fr cld-weather walks is s imprtant. Wearing several pieces f clthing n tp f ne anther can help yur bdy better adapt t decreased temperatures. Yu can start ut with a base layer, the ne clsest t yur skin and made ut f sweat-absrbing (吸汗的) material, include a middle layer that helps yu keep bdy heat, and then finish with a shell layer that prtects against the utside elements like rain, wind r snw.
Prtecting yur extremities
Prtect yur feet and hands by wearing glves and warm scks. When yu start ding cardi exercises like walking r intense exercise, yur bld tends t g where it’s mst needed (i. e., yur rgans), nt t the extremities. This means yur extremities are mre likely t get cld damage, s yu need t make sure that they’re prtected with cld-weather walking gear (装备).
Wearing reflective gear
If the rute yu’re walking n desn’t have many well-lit areas, it may be a gd idea t wear reflective clthing, which is made ut f materials that naturally reflect light s that passersby can better see yu.
Making it fun
Making cld-weather walking mre enjyable invlves elements f interest, variety, and cmfrt during the experience. Walking with a friend r a pet can add a scial aspect t yur activity. It can be mre fun t share the experience and cnversatin, making the time pass mre quickly.
Walking in cld weather can bst yur immune system. Hwever, it’s always imprtant t cnsult with yur healthcare prvider befre beginning a new exercise. When embarking n yur cld-weather walks, exercise cautin fr a safe and enjyable experience.
21. What’s the functin f a shell layer fr a cld-weather walk?
A. T lck bdy heat.B. T create a stylish appearance.
C. T keep the skin dry.D. T defend against wind r rain.
22. Accrding t the passage, what can we learn abut cld-weather walking?
A. Reflective clthing is a necessity.
B. Walking with a friend may increase speed.
C. Beginners shuld seek advice frm healthcare prviders.
D. Bld tends t flw mre t hands and feet during walking.
23. What’s the main purpse f the passage?
A. T prvide guidance n cld-weather walking.
B. T call n peple t wrk ut in cld weather.
C. T explain the benefits f cld-weather walking.
D. T intrduce basic wear fr walking in cld weather.
24. Where is this passage prbably taken frm?
A A science jurnal.B. A health reprt.C. A sprts magazine.D. A shpping guide.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在寒冷天气中步行的好处以及给出了进行寒冷天气步行的一些建议。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Dressing in layers部分中“ then finish with a shell layer that prtects against the utside elements like rain, wind r snw.(……然后穿上外层，它可以抵御外界的风雨雪等因素)”可知，外层的作用是抵御风雨雪等外界因素。故选D项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Hwever, it’s always imprtant t cnsult with yur healthcare prvider befre beginning a new exercise.(然而，在开始一项新的运动之前，咨询你的医疗保健提供者总是很重要的)”可知，初学者应该向医疗保健提供者寻求建议。故选C项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“If yu’re thinking abut adding cld weather walks t yur exercise rutine, here are sme tips.(如果你正在考虑将寒冷天气步行纳入你的日常锻炼中，这里有一些建议)”以及后文分别从穿衣、保护身体部位、穿着装备和增加趣味性等方面给出建议可知，文章的主要目的是为寒冷天气步行提供指导。故选A项。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。文章开篇提及“Whether yu’re a keen walker r just starting ut with walking(无论你是热衷于步行的人还是刚开始步行)”，且全文围绕寒冷天气步行展开，介绍其好处与相关建议，属于运动健身方面的内容，所以文章最有可能来自体育杂志。故选C项。
B
I did nt expect s many peple t be here. Over five hundred were seated in rws that extended int the pen gymnasium beynd. I culd hear the ccasinal sund f a cugh r a child trying t stay quiet, but it all sunded muffled as if I was under water.
Every night, Ethan and I practiced hard until my vice gt rugh (沙哑的) and his fingers hurt. We were invited t perfrm at a natinal music cncert. It was a rare pprtunity fr us t shine, s we wanted t give it ur all. Every run-thrugh we did, we’d fix a few mistakes but always find a few new nes in exchange. It was like tw steps frward and ne step back. Even thugh we smetimes disagreed, we stayed fcused n ur gal.
As we walked up nt the stage, I culd feel a thusand sharp eyes n me. The air was perfectly still. The lights felt ht n my face. When the music began, I frze. My muth pened, but n sund came ut. Ethan slwed the pian dwn fr a beat as he lked ver at me. He knew smething was wrng, but he cntinued nward as he had been trained t d. I searched desperately fr a slutin, my eyes mving quickly arund the darkened hall. I felt as if time had stpped.
Then, I lcked eyes with Mm. Even at a distance, I culd sense her gently muthing the wrds t me as she had always dne whenever I’d frget my lyrics, “Elise, yu can d it.” I tk a deep breath and my vice finally came ut, strng and clear. Ethan and I rde thrugh the rest f the sng until the end, ur vices and the pian fitting tgether in harmny. A mment f reflective silence. Then, the entire audience rse t their feet in applause.
A mnth later, I felt like I was under water again. A sft annuncer called ut, “Fantaisie Imprmptu, Op. 66.” I walked nt the stage. As I lked up, I saw my mm. She watched me patiently and gave me a reassuring nd. Gradually, the pressure n my chest melted away and I culd breathe nce mre. I had dne this befre, and I wuld d it again.
25. Elise was nervus because ______.
A. she didn’t practice enugh with EthanB. she was wrrying abut her rugh vice
C. she didn’t share the same gal with EthanD. she had t face a large audience in the hall
26. When Ethan started t play the pian, Elise ______.
A. lst herself in the beautiful musicB. tried t sing but culdn’t make a sund
C. felt smething wrng with the stage lightsD. cunted the beats f the sng alngside him
27. What des the stry mainly tell us?
A Teamwrk turns the impssible int reality.
B. Cntinuus hard wrk will eventually pay ff.
C. Supprt frm lved nes lights the path t cnfidence.
D. True strength cmes frm vercming repeated failures.
【答案】25. D 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去民族音乐会上表演，因为紧张发不出声音，多亏了母亲的支持让作者完成了演出。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“As we walked up nt the stage, I culd feel a thusand sharp eyes n me. The air was perfectly still. The lights felt ht n my face.(当我们走上舞台时，我能感觉到有一千双锐利的眼睛盯着我)”可知，伊莉斯很紧张，因为她要面对大厅里的一大群观众。故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“When the music began, I frze. My muth pened, but n sund came ut. Ethan slwed the pian dwn fr a beat as he lked ver at me.(音乐响起时，我僵住了。我张开嘴，但没有发出声音。伊桑看着我，放慢了钢琴的节拍)”可知，伊桑开始弹钢琴时，艾利斯试着唱，但唱不出声音来。故选B。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Then, I lcked eyes with Mm. Even at a distance, I culd sense her gently muthing the wrds t me as she had always dne whenever I’d frget my lyrics, “Elise, yu can d it.” I tk a deep breath and my vice finally came ut, strng and clear.(然后，我和妈妈对视了一下。即使在远处，我也能感觉到她温柔地用嘴对我说着歌词，就像每当我忘记歌词时她总是做的那样：“伊莉斯，你能行的。”我深吸了一口气，声音终于发出来了，有力而清晰)”结合文章主要讲述了作者去民族音乐会上表演，因为紧张发不出声音，多亏了母亲的支持让作者完成了演出。可知，这个故事主要告诉我们来自亲人的支持照亮了通往自信的道路。故选C。
C
In 2022, an advanced AI language mdel tk the wrld by strm with its impressive capabilities. Yet hidden within its design lies a key breakthrugh respnsible fr sending AI rcketing these past few years — and pssibly a limitatin that culd see it crashing back t Earth.
At its cre, the AI mdel relies n a “transfrmer” apprach. When the mdel is given a string f wrds, it makes links between the wrds it has already been fed, “transfrming” the whle input int a new utput. That design achieved huge success when given enugh cmputing pwer and data, leading t the surprising jump in apparent reasning and language capabilities behind tday’s AI tls. What’s mre, using ever greater levels f cmputing pwer and data seems t cntinually imprve a transfrmer’s perfrmance. This “scaling law” is why AI cmpanies have predicted that their mdels will get better and better.
Outside bservers are dubtful, hwever. Sme researchers questin whether this all-imprtant scaling law can cntinue t be unimpeded, especially as mst f the available data t train the mdels n has already been gathered n the Internet.
Even if transfrmers cntinue t fllw this scaling law, there culd still be a fundamental (根本的) prblem with their design. They lack an internal memry, which is central t hw human intelligence wrks. Unlike humans, wh can remember past infrmatin and build n it naturally, transfrmers dn’t have this capability. As a result, transfrmers must repeatedly lk back at data they have already seen. Prcessing and prducing lng text can therefre require enrmus cmputatinal resurces as the AI scans back and frth.
Researchers hpe t slve this prblem with ther neural netwrk architectures, such as a mdel called extended lng shrt-term memry (xLSTM), which prduces cmparable results t transfrmers while being much mre efficient and able t remember past states.
But a deeper prblem with bth transfrmers and their alternatives is whether they are “Turing cmplete”, which means they are able t run any algrithm (算法) r cmpute anything that any ther cmputer can. Take a basic prblem: adding tw numbers. Since transfrmers learn frm their training data, they are gd at adding numbers they’ve met many times, but may prduce incrrect results fr numbers nt fund in their training data.
While transfrmer algrithm is imprving as mdels scale up, it still isn’t clear if they have the capability t d additin in a Turing-cmplete way. S, what is the slutin? Finding an AI architecture that can perfrm as well as the transfrmer, while als slving the current prblems with efficiency and memry, is n easy task.
28. Sme AI cmpanies are ptimistic abut their AI mdels because ______.
A. they can transfrm input int a new utput
B. they have mastered reasning and language skills
C. they can bring abut breakthrughs in cmputing pwer
D. they keep imprving with grwing cmputing pwer and data
29. What des the underlined wrd “unimpeded” prbably mean in paragraph 3?
A. Unblcked.B. Unexpected.C. Unslved.D. Unexplred.
30. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Transfrmers are gd at adding numbers.
B. xLSTM prduces better results than transfrmers.
C. T be Turing cmplete is a challenge fr AI mdels.
D. Internal memry enables AI mdels t prduce lng text.
31. Which wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A. The Rise and Fall f AI MdelsB. The Uncertain Future f AI Mdels
C. Slutins t Prblems f AI MdelsD. Scaling Laws and AI Mdels’ Prgress
【答案】28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要是说人工智能语言模型使人工智能飞速发展，但是找到一种可以像变压器一样出色的AI架构，同时还能解决当前的效率和内存问题，这不是一件容易的事。
28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“What’s mre, using ever greater levels f cmputing pwer and data seems t cntinually imprve a transfrmer’s perfrmance. This “scaling law” is why AI cmpanies have predicted that their mdels will get better and better.(更重要的是，使用更高水平的计算能力和数据似乎可以不断提高变压器的性能。这就是为什么人工智能公司预测他们的模型会越来越好。)”可知，一些人工智能公司对他们的人工智能模型持乐观态度，因为它们随着计算能力和数据的增长而不断改进。故选D项。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词的上文“Outside bservers are dubtful, hwever. Sme researchers questin whether this all-imprtant scaling law can cntinue…(然而，外界观察家对此表示怀疑。一些研究人员质疑这一至关重要的尺度定律能否继续……)”可知，一些研究人员怀疑的肯定是这种定律是否畅通无阻，所以划线单词与unlcked“解锁”意义一致。故选A项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“While transfrmer algrithm is imprving as mdels scale up, it still isn’t clear if they have the capability t d additin in a Turing-cmplete way. S, what is the slutin? Finding an AI architecture that can perfrm as well as the transfrmer, while als slving the current prblems with efficiency and memry, is n easy task.(虽然变压器算法随着模型的扩大而不断改进，但它们是否有能力以图灵完备的方式进行加法运算仍然不清楚。那么，解决方案是什么呢？找到一种可以像变压器一样出色的AI架构，同时还能解决当前的效率和内存问题，这不是一件容易的事。)”可知，对于人工智能模型来说，图灵完备是一个挑战。故选C项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是第一段“In 2022, an advanced AI language mdel tk the wrld by strm with its impressive capabilities. Yet hidden within its design lies a key breakthrugh respnsible fr sending AI rcketing these past few years—and pssibly a limitatin that culd see it crashing back t Earth.(2022年，一种先进的人工智能语言模型以其令人印象深刻的能力席卷了世界。然而，在它的设计中隐藏着一个关键的突破，在过去的几年里，它使人工智能飞速发展，也可能是一个限制，使它可能会撞回地球。)”和最后一段“While transfrmer algrithm is imprving as mdels scale up, it still isn’t clear if they have the capability t d additin in a Turing-cmplete way. S, what is the slutin? Finding an AI architecture that can perfrm as well as the transfrmer, while als slving the current prblems with efficiency and memry, is n easy task.(虽然变压器算法随着模型的扩大而不断改进，但它们是否有能力以图灵完备的方式进行加法运算仍然不清楚。那么，解决方案是什么呢？找到一种可以像变压器一样出色的AI架构，同时还能解决当前的效率和内存问题，这不是一件容易的事。)”可知，本文主要是说人工智能语言模型使人工智能飞速发展，但是找到一种可以像变压器一样出色的AI架构，同时还能解决当前的效率和内存问题，这不是一件容易的事。人工智能模型的未来仍然不确定。所以，用B项“The Uncertain Future f AI Mdels(人工智能模型的不确定未来)”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选B项。
第四部分：书面表达(共两节，27分)
第一节(共4小题;第50—51小题各2分，第52小题3分，第53小题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题.
The Paradx f Chices
A little café “The Sip and Smile”, knwn fr its simple atmsphere, had been a gathering place in a small twn fr decades. The café ffered a humble menu with three cffee ptins: black, cappuccin, and latte. Peple came, rdered their favrites, and enjyed cnversatins that went n lng after the cffee cups were empty.
One day the café decided t braden its menu. In an effrt t attract mre custmers, it intrduced 50 varieties f cffee, ranging frm espress t flavred frappes. Hwever, a strange thing started happening. As the menu grew, the nce-busy café began lsing its charm. Peple wuld walk in, lk at the endless list f ptins, and hesitate, unable t decide. The pleasant cnversatins that used t fill the air turned int murmurs f uncertainty: “Shuld I try mcha tday? Or maybe macchiat? Wait, maybe…?”
What had nce been a simple, jyus act f rdering cffee nw felt like a burden. Custmers spent mre time chsing than sipping. The twn flk, wh nce lved the café fr its simplicity, were nw cnfused by t many chices.
This stry f the café reflects a mdern-day phenmenn: the paradx f chices. We’re presented with mre ptins than ever befre. Whether it’s chsing a career path, r deciding which prduct t buy, the numerus chices ften leave us mre stressed, and dissatisfied.
Psychlgist Barry Schwartz intrduced the idea f the “paradx f chice,” which suggests that while having sme chices is gd, having t many can lead t anxiety, indecisin, and dissatisfactin. This paradx arises because, as ptins increase, the effrt t evaluate (评估) them increases t. We start t wrry that we’ll make the wrng decisin, r miss ut n better chices.
After mnths f declining business, the café learned its lessn. The café wner decided t return t a simpler menu. Nw, custmers had a select few ptins, each made with care. Cnversatins returned, the laughter came back, and the café nce again became a place where chices felt easy and jyful.
In life, the best decisin ften has nthing t d with the number f ptins — it’s the ne that brings us peace. Just like the custmers f the café, we t can find cmfrt in simplicity.
32. What did the café d t attract mre custmers?
_____________________________________________________________________________
33. Why des the paradx f chices arise?
_____________________________________________________________________________
34. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
In life, the best decisin is the ne that ffers the mst ptins and brings us peace.
_____________________________________________________________________________
35. D yu prefer mre chices r fewer chices when making a decisin? Please explain it in yur wn wrds. (In abut 40 wrds)
_____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】32. It intrduced 50 varieties f cffee.
33. Because, as ptins increase, the effrt t evaluate them increases t. (We start t wrry that we’ll make the wrng decisin, r miss ut n better chices.)
34. In life, the best decisin is the ne that ffers the mst ptins and brings us peace.
Accrding t the last paragraph, the best decisin ften has nthing t d with the number f ptins.
35. 参考1：
I prefer fewer chices because making chices can be exhausting. Having fewer chices can help me stay fcused and save my mental energy. On the cntrary, the mre ptins I have, the mre likely I might suffer decisin fatigue and regret the chice I’ve made.
参考2：
I prefer fewer chices when making a decisin. Firstly, limited chices can save me the truble f assessing t many chices, which leads t quicker decisin-making. Meanwhile, having fewer ptins allws a deeper understanding f each chice, helping me make better decisins.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了生活中的“选择的悖论”现象以及分析其产生的原因。
【32题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“In an effrt t attract mre custmers, it intrduced 50 varieties f cffee, ranging frm espress t flavred frappes.(为了吸引更多的顾客，它推出了50种咖啡，从浓缩咖啡到风味冰沙)”可知，咖啡馆引进了50种咖啡来吸引更多的顾客。故答案为It intrduced 50 varieties f cffee.
【33题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段“This paradx arises because, as ptins increase, the effrt t evaluate (评估) them increases t. We start t wrry that we’ll make the wrng decisin, r miss ut n better chices.(之所以出现这种悖论，是因为随着选项的增加，评估它们的努力也在增加。我们开始担心自己会做出错误的决定，或者错过更好的选择)”可知，出现选择悖论是因为，随着选择的增加，评估它们的努力也在增加。（我们开始担心自己会做出错误的决定，或者错过更好的选择。）故答案为Because, as ptins increase, the effrt t evaluate them increases t. (We start t wrry that we’ll make the wrng decisin, r miss ut n better chices.)
【34题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段“In life, the best decisin ften has nthing t d with the number f ptins — it’s the ne that brings us peace. Just like the custmers f the café, we t can find cmfrt in simplicity.(在生活中，最好的决定往往与选择的数量无关——它能给我们带来平静。就像咖啡馆的顾客一样，我们也能在简单中找到安慰)”可知，错误部分为ffers the mst ptins，根据最后一段，最佳决策通常与选项的数量无关。故答案为In life, the best decisin is the ne that ffers the mst ptins and brings us peace.
Accrding t the last paragraph, the best decisin ften has nthing t d with the number f ptins.
【35题详解】
考查开放题。根据“在做决定的时候，你喜欢更多的选择还是更少的选择？请用你自己的话解释一下。”可回答：我更喜欢少一些选择，因为做选择可能会让人筋疲力尽。选择更少可以帮助我保持专注，节省我的精神能量。相反，我拥有的选择越多，我就越有可能感到决策疲劳，并为自己做出的选择感到后悔。或者：在做决定时，我喜欢选择少一些。首先，有限的选择可以省去我评估太多选择的麻烦，从而更快地做出决策。同时，较少的选择可以让我更深入地了解每个选择，帮助我做出更好的决定。故答案为参考1：
I prefer fewer chices because making chices can be exhausting. Having fewer chices can help me stay fcused and save my mental energy. On the cntrary, the mre ptins I have, the mre likely I might suffer decisin fatigue and regret the chice I’ve made.
参考2：
I prefer fewer chices when making a decisin. Firstly, limited chices can save me the truble f assessing t many chices, which leads t quicker decisin-making. Meanwhile, having fewer ptins allws a deeper understanding f each chice, helping me make better decisins.
第二节(15分)
36. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你校交换生Jim准备参加中国日报(China Daily)举办的“我眼中的春节”主题摄影大赛，他发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复。内容包括：
1．建议拍摄内容；
2．就以上建议说明理由。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
It’s exciting t hear that yu’re participating in the “Spring Festival in My Eyes” phtgraphy cmpetitin. I’m glad t ffer yu sme suggestins.
Yu can take pictures f a family reunin dinner. The delicius fds n the table, such as eight-treasure rice pudding, and the happy faces f family members can vividly shw the jy f the festival. The whle family sitting tgether reflects the imprtance f family in Chinese culture. Mrever, taking phts f peple pasting Spring Festival cuplets is als a gd chice. The bright red cuplets with beautiful characters nt nly display a festive atmsphere but als carry peple’s gd wishes fr the new year.
I believe these scenes can help yu capture the essence f the Spring Festival and wish yu every success in the cming cntest.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以红星中学高一学生李华的身份，给交换生Jim回复邮件，针对他参加“我眼中的春节”主题摄影大赛给出拍摄内容的建议并说明理由。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
参加：participate in → take part in
提供：ffer → prvide/give
建议：suggestin → prpsal/advice
重要：imprtance → significance
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Yu can take pictures f a family reunin dinner.
拓展句：Yu can take pictures f a family reunin dinner, which is an essential part f the Spring Festival and full f warm and happy mments.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It’s exciting t hear that yu’re participating in the “Spring Festival in My Eyes” phtgraphy cmpetitin. (运用了连词that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] The whle family sitting tgether reflects the imprtance f family in Chinese culture. (运用了现在分词作后置定语)
[高分句型3] I believe these scenes can help yu capture the essence f the Spring Festival and wish yu every success in the cming cntest. (运用了省略连词that引导宾语从句)
1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B
5．C 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．A
11．Discver 12．match 13．schedule 14．hnest 15．fresh
16．It refers t a perid f time when yu give up all tech devices n purpse
17．Sleep prblems, stress and lack f time management.
18．Lwering yur stress levels.Making yur life mre fruitful.Imprving yur self-image.
Tips fr Vlunteering
11 yur passins
●Explre varius activities that 12 yur values
●Research the tasks f vlunteer rganizatins
Cnsider yur time
●Stick t a 13 that wrks fr yu
●Be 14 abut the time yu can ffer
Value yur skills
●Find rles in vlunteer rganizatins based n yur strengths
●Accept pprtunities t learn 15 skills