北京市海淀区2024-2025学年高三上学期期末英语试题 含解析

这是一份北京市海淀区2024-2025学年高三上学期期末英语试题 含解析，共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共8页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Last weekend, I tk Ri, my energetic 3-year-ld grandsn wh culdn’t sit still fr a mment, t the park s he culd run arund and see the duck pnd. My gal was t get him utside fr a while, let him ___1___ sme energy, and teach him abut the ducks. But he had n gals. Three-year-lds dn’t need gals.
That was the first f several lessns I learned that day. I had expected t be the teacher, but I had it ___2___. My grandsn helped me remember things we’re brn knwing but frget in the prcess f becming an adult.
Ri had a sense f ___3___. As sn as we walked int the park, he lked up at the sky. It was a cld day, with pillwy cluds drifting acrss the sky, and he fund ___4___ in watching them. I’d frgtten hw magical cluds culd be.
His explratin was endless. He was always n the search fr sticks. He knew that a stick culd be used fr many things. He scraped the grund with them, rapped a drumbeat with them n trees and benches, and ___5___ them in the air like a flag. N need fr tys r electrnic devices, unlike at hme. Just sticks.
There were a few kids playing in the park with a parent and peple walking dgs. Ri said hi t everyne and stuck ut his hand fr a high-five with a few 4- t 5-year-lds. He tried t ___6___ cnversatins with enthusiasm. It was clear he didn’t care what peple lked like, hw ld they were, r whether they said hell first. N ___7___. Just a sincere desire t ___8___.
My biggest revelatin frm ur hur in the park was that Ri was fully ___9___ n matter what he was ding. He never asked what time it was, when we were leaving, r what we were ging t d next. He was, every secnd we were there, cmpletely and abslutely in the ____10____.
I wish I culd be. Dn’t we all?
1. A. burnB. feelC. wasteD. prduce
2. A. tgetherB. hereC. utD. backwards
3. A. directinB. wnderC. securityD. purpse
4. A. jyB. hpeC. differenceD. relief
5. A. brkeB. threwC. wavedD. kicked
6. A. write dwnB. strike upC. reflect nD. lk int
7. A. envyB. guiltC. judgmentD. amazement
8. A. shwB. imprveC. explainD. cnnect
9. A. awareB. preparedC. presentD. infrmed
10. A. wayB. leadC. balanceD. mment
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. C 10. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者带孙子Ri外出消耗一些能量，并且从孙子身上学到了很多人生道理。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的目标是带他出去一会儿，让他消耗一些能量，教他认识鸭子。A. burn消耗，燃烧；B. feel感觉；C. waste浪费；D. prduce产生。根据上文“Last weekend, I tk Ri, my energetic 3-year-ld grandsn wh culdn’t sit still fr a mment, t the park s he culd run arund and see the duck pnd.(上周末，我带着3岁的孙子Ri去公园，他精力充沛，一刻也不能安静地坐着，这样他就可以到处跑，看看鸭子池塘)”可知，孙子精力充沛，一刻也不能安静地坐着，所以去公园是为了消耗孙子的能量。故选A。
【2题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我本想当老师，但我把事情搞反了。A. tgether一起；B. here这里；C. ut出去；D. backwards向后，相反。根据后文“My grandsn helped me remember things we’re brn knwing but frget in the prcess f becming an adult.(我的孙子帮助我记住了一些我们出生时就知道，但在长大成人的过程中却忘记了的事情)”可知，作者本来应该教导孙子，但是孙子却帮助了作者，所以事情是反过来了。故选D。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ri有一种惊奇的感觉。A. directin方向；B. wnder惊奇，奇迹；C. security安全；D. purpse目的。根据后文“His explratin was endless. He was always n the search fr sticks. He knew that a stick culd be used fr many things.(他的探索永无止境。他总是到处找棍子。他知道一根棍子可以用来做很多事情)”可知，孙子对世界充满好奇，总是有惊奇的感觉。故选B。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个寒冷的日子，云雾飘过天空，他看着它们感到很快乐。A. jy快乐；B. hpe希望；C. difference差异；D. relief安慰。根据后文“in watching them”可知，孙子对世界充满好奇，看着云雾也感到快乐。故选A。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用它们一起刮地面，在树上和长凳上敲鼓，像旗帜一样在空中挥舞。A. brke打破；B. threw扔；C. waved挥动；D. kicked踢。根据后文“them in the air like a flag”指棍子像旗帜一样在空中挥舞。故选C。
【6题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他试图热情地开始谈话。A. write dwn写下；B. strike up引起，开始；C. reflect n反思；D. lk int调查。根据上文“Ri said hi t everyne and stuck ut his hand fr a high-five with a few 4- t 5-year-lds.(Ri向每个人打招呼，并伸出手与几个4到5岁的孩子击掌)”可知，孙子主动发起对话。故选B。
7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不会评头论足。A. envy嫉妒；B. guilt内疚；C. judgment判断，评判；D. amazement惊讶。根据上文“It was clear he didn’t care what peple lked like, hw ld they were, r whether they said hell first.(很明显，他不在乎人们的长相、年龄，也不在乎他们是否先打招呼)”指孙子不会评判别人。故选C。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：只是一种想要联系的真诚渴望。A. shw展示；B. imprve改善；C. explain解释；D. cnnect连接。根据上文“Ri said hi t everyne and stuck ut his hand fr a high-five with a few 4- t 5-year-lds.(Ri向每个人打招呼，并伸出手与几个4到5岁的孩子击掌)”可知，孙子主动发起谈话，是因为想要建立联系。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从我们在公园的那一小时里，我最大的收获是Ri无论在做什么都是全身心投入的。A. aware意识到的；B. prepared准备好的；C. present当前的，目前的；D. infrmed有知识的。根据后文“He never asked what time it was, when we were leaving, r what we were ging t d next.(他从不问现在是什么时间，我们什么时候离开，或者我们下一步要做什么)”可知，指孙子总是活在当下。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在当下，我们每一秒都在那里，完全和绝对在那一刻。A. way方法；B. lead带领；C. balance平衡；D. mment时刻。根据上文“He never asked what time it was, when we were leaving, r what we were ging t d next.(他从不问现在是什么时间，我们什么时候离开，或者我们下一步要做什么)”可知，孙子活在当下，他们在一起的每一秒都是完全和绝对在那一刻。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题纸指定区域作答。
The largest desert in China, the Taklamakan Desert, is nw cmpletely encircled by a green belt ____11____ (stretch) 3,046 km. This is part f China’s Three-Nrth Shelter Belt Frest Prgram t address desertificatin and restre eclgical balance. Since the launch f the prgram ____12____ 1978, China ____13____ (expand) its affrestatin area by 32 millin hectares (公顷). The prject fully demnstrates China’s ____14____ (innvate) apprach t eclgical cnstructin and ffers valuable experience fr glbal effrts in fighting desertificatin.
【答案】11. stretching
12. in 13. has expanded
14. innvative
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国的三北防护林工程的实施对生态恢复的贡献以及对全球防治荒漠化的启示。
【11题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：全长3,046公里的绿色带现在完全环绕着中国最大的沙漠——塔克拉玛干沙漠。此处green belt和stretch在逻辑上是主动关系，故用现在分词形式stretching作后置定语修饰green belt。故填stretching。
【12题详解】
考查介词。句意：自1978年该项目启动以来，中国的造林面积增加了3200万公顷。根据句意，此处表示在哪一年，应该用介词in。故填in。
【13题详解】
考查现在完成时。句意：自1978年该项目启动以来，中国的造林面积增加了3200万公顷。句中“Since the launch f the prgram 2 1978”作时间状语，应使用现在完成时，谓语动词用has expanded，故填has expanded。
【14题详解】
考查形容词。句意：该项目充分展示了中国在生态建设中创新方法，并为全球防治荒漠化提供了宝贵的经验。空处需用形容词修饰名词apprach，故填innvative。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题纸指定区域作答。
Tday’s parents face smething different and mre demanding. They are expected t spend ever mre time and mney educating and enriching their children. These pressures, researchers say, ____15____ (drive) in part by fears that if parents d nt equip their children with every pssible advantage, their children culd fail t achieve a secure life. This parenting style invlves painstakingly and methdically cultivating children’s talents, academics and futures thrugh everyday ____16____ (activity). But we may have gt int a situatin, sme experts suggest, ____17____ intensive parenting has becme t intense fr parents.
【答案】15. are driven##have been driven
16. activities
17. where
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲当今父母面临育儿压力，以密集方式培养孩子，却陷入对父母而言过于紧张的困境。
【15题详解】
考查时态和被动语态。句意：研究人员说，这些压力部分是由恐惧所驱动的，即如果父母不能给孩子提供一切可能的优势，他们的孩子可能无法过上安稳的生活。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，句子的主语These pressures和drive之间是被动关系，且句子描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，也可用现在完成时的被动语态强调动作对现在的影响，主语pressures是复数。故填are driven或have been driven。
【16题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：这种育儿方式包括通过日常活动精心、有条不紊地培养孩子的才能、学业和未来。分析句子可知，activity是可数名词，此处表示“日常活动”，由句意可知，这里指不止一项活动，应用复数形式activities。故填activities。
【17题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：但一些专家认为，我们可能陷入了一种情况，即密集育儿对父母来说已经过于紧张了。分析句子可知，a situatin是先行词，后面的从句intensive parenting has becme t intense fr parents是定语从句，先行词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题纸指定区域作答。
We all have been in this situatin: At a meeting, everyne else agrees n a slutin, and yu are the nly ne still ppsing it, r at least dubting ____18____ it will wrk. Emplyees ften face this dilemma, referred t as “cnfrmity bias (从众偏差)” — individuals feel ____19____ (stress) t g alng with the decisin f the majrity, even if it seems wrng. ____20____ (avid) this bias, leaders shuld ensure that everyne at the table has a vice and that all ptins are cnsidered in rder t wrk tward a better slutin.
【答案】18. whether##if
19. stressed
20. T avid
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是“从众偏差”以及如何避免。
【18题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：我们都有过这样的经历：在会议上，每个人都同意一个解决方案，而你是唯一一个反对它的人，或者至少是唯一一个怀疑它是否有效的人。引导宾语从句，表示“是否”应用whether或if。故填whether/if。
【19题详解】
考查形容词。句意：员工经常面临这种困境，这种困境被称为“从众偏见”——个人会感到压力，不得不遵从大多数人的决定，即使这些决定看起来是错误的。修饰人，作表语，用形容词stressed。故填stressed。
20题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了避免这种偏见，领导者应该确保每个人都有发言权，并考虑所有的选择，以寻求更好的解决方案。此处avid作目的状语，用不定式，首字母大写。故填T avid。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Take part in ur award-winning summer STEM (Science, Technlgy, Engineering, Math) teen academic prgrams. All curses are cnducted nline.
Current curse fferings include:
Bitech Research: Cmplete an award-winning, cmpetitive admissins prgram this year. Yu’ll thank yurself when yu have ne mre prestigius credential t add t yur cllege applicatins. We prvide students with state-f-the-art lab equipment and materials t use at hme — all shipped t yur drstep. The time is NOW t apply.
Bimedical & Surgical Research: The Bimedical and Surgical Research prgram brings anatmy (解剖) t life thrugh discussin and practice f surgical prcedures. Frm case studies and lectures t mck surgical prcedures, students spend three weeks learning what it takes t be a surgen.
Plymer Chemistry: Materials Science is a new exciting field that includes plymer chemistry and plastics engineering f materials t synthesize (合成) and t create custm r brand new materials with specific prducts fr specific uses. Receive materials right t yur hme t create yur wn plymers!
Intr t Rbtics: Are yu always taking things apart, seeing hw they wrk and then putting them back tgether again? Are yu curius hw rbts and ther machines wrk? Frm vice activated, digital persnal assistants like Alexa and Siri t ur everyday kitchen appliances, the wrld f rbtics is advancing and rbts are becming an integral part f ur everyday life. The future is nw and the field f rbtics is bming!
Frensics (法医学): D mysteries excite yu? D yu dive int crime scene shws such as Criminal Minds and Law & Order? D yu want t g behind the scenes t learn what happens during a crime investigatin r trial? This remte prgram is designed fr students all ver the wrld interested in the scientific apprach t crime scenes. This prgram will intrduce the principles f frensic science and will prvide the pprtunity t explre lab techniques, fingerprint methds and mre thrugh the VR techniques!
Click here t see sessin dates and csts.
21. Which curses ffer t ship materials?
A. Plymer Chemistry and Frensics.B. Intr t Rbtics and Bitech Research.
C. Bitech Research and Plymer Chemistry.D. Frensics and Bimedical & Surgical Research.
22. Students wh chse Frensics can ______.
A. watch TV series with VR equipmentB. study criminal minds n the scene
C. draft the principles f frensic scienceD. experience crime investigatin virtually
23. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T prmte summer academic prgrams.B. T cmpare different nline prgrams.
C. T intrduce the cntent f the prgrams.D. T explain the benefits f the prgrams.
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍线上夏季STEM青少年学术项目，包括生物技术、法医学等课程，呼吁学生参与并提供查看课程日期和费用的途径。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Bitech Research部分“We prvide students with state-f-the-art lab equipment and materials t use at hme—all shipped t yur drstep. (我们为学生提供最先进的实验室设备和材料供在家使用，所有这些都会送货上门。)” 以及Plymer Chemistry部分“Receive materials right t yur hme t create yur wn plymers!(材料会直接送到你家，让你创造自己的聚合物！)”可知，Bitech Research和Plymer Chemistry这两门课程提供寄送材料服务。故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Frensics部分“This prgram will intrduce the principles f frensic science and will prvide the pprtunity t explre lab techniques, fingerprint methds and mre thrugh the VR techniques!(这个项目将介绍法医学的原理，并提供通过虚拟现实技术探索实验室技术、指纹识别方法等的机会！)”可知，选择Frensics课程的学生可以通过VR技术，虚拟地体验犯罪调查。故选D项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章开头“Take part in ur award-winning summer STEM (Science, Technlgy, Engineering, Math) teen academic prgrams. All curses are cnducted nline.(参加我们屡获殊荣的夏季 STEM（科学、技术、工程、数学）青少年学术项目。所有课程均在线进行。)”以及最后“Click here t see sessin dates and csts.(点击此处查看课程日期和费用。)”可知，文章旨在推广这些夏季学术项目，吸引学生报名参加。故选A项。
B
On a brisk Octber mrning, with 20 punds f gear n my back, I hiked up a steep, rcky trail. With each step, I felt my thrat tighter and my lungs heave.
This was an experiment. Grwing up, my family’s annual “hikes” ften left me weeping with exhaustin after nly 2 miles. Decades later, I wndered, at the ripe age f 26, culd I learn t lve the utdrs? I decided t start in the deep end with this hiking.
Prepared with weeks f exercise, I jined my grup at the trailhead near the city brder. An hur after setting ff, I fell behind, nt sure if I culd make it. Frank, my hiking cmpanin, slwed dwn t accmpany me.
“Lk at the sky, the trees!” he exclaimed.
Wheezing, I stpped t crane my neck. Nature in all its magnificence chse t shw ff. The wind whistled, rustling the yellw canpy verhead. Cntinuing n, I made a pint t stp and lk arund every few minutes.
Three hurs later, we reached ur campsite, a vast grassy area. Frank guided me thrugh putting up my tent, a small victry after a challenging mrning. We then sught ur nly water surce, Sunfish Pnd. Much t my annyance, I repeatedly lst my fting and returned t camp after cuntless falls.
At camp, I built a fire using nly flint (火石) sticks. My cheap sleeping pad kept lsing air, and my sleeping bag did little t keep the cld air ut. Arund 2 a.m. I teared up in frustratin and lay sleepless. Hwever, emerging frm my tent int the misty mrning, I felt my md lifted. Autumn seemed t have kicked in vernight and the leaves glwed. I ate a breakfast f instant ndles and then jined the thers, sharing intimate thughts I usually kept hidden.
Back at the trailhead where we started, my friend asked what we were grateful fr. I piped up abut the vulnerable and funny cnversatins I’d enjyed with fellw hikers — and the space t reflect. The frest and its temprary dwellers had cnvinced me I was capable f much mre than I thught pssible.
Did the experiment wrk? Memries f that sleepless, freezing night might give me pause befre I crawl int a tent again. But that desn’t mean I’m away frm the wds cmpletely. I returned t New Yrk smelly and sre, but when I stepped ff the bus int the city’s hustle and bustle, I als felt an unexpected calm.
24. Why did the authr decide t g n a hiking trip?
A. T imprve his physical health.B. T escape frm the fast-paced city life.
C. T explre his ptential fr the utdrs.D. T revisit a childhd passin fr hiking.
25. Which best describes the authr’s emtinal jurney?
① amazed ② dubtful ③ annyed ④ peaceful ⑤ uplifted
A. ③②⑤①④B. ②①③⑤④C. ②③①④⑤D. ③④②①⑤
26. What has the authr learned frm the experience?
A. Success lies in self-acceptance.B. Wilderness heals a brken heart.
C. Small setbacks lead t great achievements.D. Nature gives mre than expected.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者为了探索自己的户外活动潜力，决定去徒步旅行，讲述了旅行的经过以及作者的内心变化。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“This was an experiment. Grwing up, my family’s annual “hikes” ften left me weeping with exhaustin after nly 2 miles. Decades later, I wndered, at the ripe age f 26, culd I learn t lve the utdrs? I decided t start in the deep end with this hiking.(这是一个实验。在成长过程中，我们家每年“徒步旅行”经常让我在走了两英里后就筋疲力尽地哭泣。几十年后，我想知道，在26岁这个成熟的年龄，我能学会热爱户外吗？我决定从这次远足的最深处开始)”可知，作者为决定去徒步旅行是为了探索他在户外活动的潜力。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Decades later, I wndered, at the ripe age f 26, culd I learn t lve the utdrs?(几十年后，我想知道，在26岁这个成熟的年龄，我能学会热爱户外吗？)”可知，②“怀疑”排序第一，故排除A、D选项；根据最后一段“I returned t New Yrk smelly and sre, but when I stepped ff the bus int the city’s hustle and bustle, I als felt an unexpected calm.(我回到纽约，身上又臭又酸，但当我下了车，走进城市的喧嚣时，我也感到了一种意想不到的平静)”可知，④“平静”排序第五，故排除C选项。故作者的情感历程是怀疑、惊讶、恼火、振奋和平静。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I piped up abut the vulnerable and funny cnversatins I’d enjyed with fellw hikers — and the space t reflect. The frest and its temprary dwellers had cnvinced me I was capable f much mre than I thught pssible.(我滔滔不绝地讲述了我和徒步旅行者同伴们愉快的脆弱而有趣的谈话——以及反思的空间。森林和它的临时居民让我相信，我的能力远远超出了我的想象)”可知，作者从这次经历中学到了大自然给予的比预期的要多。故选D。
C
As glbal temperatures cntinue t rise due t human-induced climate change, precise cmputerized climate mdels will be crucial in shedding light n hw ur climate will evlve in the cming years.
A study published in Jurnal f Gephysical Research: Atmspheres by Chle Clark and her team frm UC Irvine highlights a significant issue with a cmmnly used climate mdel knwn as the Energy Exascale Earth System Mdel (E3SM). The research reveals that this mdel currently verestimates a key physical prperty f Earth’s climate system called albed, which is the degree t which ice reflects planet-warming sunlight int space.
Albed is a measure f the reflectivity f a surface, expressed as the fractin f incming slar radiatin that is reflected by that surface back int space. It is a critical factr in determining Earth’s climate and energy balance. Surfaces with high albed, such as snw and ice, reflect a large prtin f slar energy, whereas darker surfaces like frests r ceans absrb mre slar energy.
“We fund that with ld mdel versins, the ice is t reflective by abut five percent,” said Chle Clarke, “Ice reflectivity was much t high.”
The amunt f sunlight the planet receives and reflects is imprtant fr estimating hw much the planet will warm in the cming years. Previus versins f E3SM verestimated albed because they failed t accunt fr micrphysical prperties f ice in a warming wrld. These prperties include the effects things like algae (藻类) and dust have n albed. Dark clred algae and dust can make snw and ice less reflective and less able t reflect sunlight.
T d the analysis, Clarke and her team studied satellite data t track the albed f the Greenland Ice Sheet. They fund E3SM verestimates the reflectivity f the ice sheet, meaning the mdel estimates less melt than what wuld be expected frm the ice micrphysical prperties. But with the new ice reflectivity incrprated int the mdel, they discvered the Greenland Ice Sheet is melting at a rate f abut six gigatns mre than in lder mdel versins. This is based n albed measurements that are mre cnsistent with satellite bservatins.
Clarke hpes her team’s study stresses the imprtance f the seemingly minuscule prperties that can have far-reaching cnsequences fr the verall climate. “I think ur wrk is ging t help mdels d a much better jb f helping us capture snw and ice-related climate feedbacks,” she said.
Next, Clarke wants t study different icy parts f the planet t calculate hw widespread the albed discrepancy (差异) is in E3SM. “Our next steps are t get it s the mdel is functinal glbally and nt just valid ver Greenland,” said Clarke, wh als intends t cmpare the new Greenland Ice Sheet melt rates t bservatins t measure hw much mre accurate the new ice albed is. “It wuld be useful t apply it t glaciers in places like the Andes and Alaska.”
27. Accrding t the passage, albed ______.
A. changes with the lightness f surfaces
B. matches up with the shape f the ice r snw
C. is a measure f the slar energy arriving at the surface
D. varies with the directin f the incming slar radiatin
28. What can be learned frm the passage?
A. The new mdel is mre reliable than satellite bservatins.
B. The previus mdel versins verestimate Greenland melt.
C. Mdel adaptatin imprves the accuracy f climate predictins.
D. Scientists have used the mdel glbally t reduce the discrepancy.
29. What des the underlined wrd “minuscule” in Paragraph 7 prbably mean?
A. Tiny.B. Invisible.C. Plain.D. Stable.
30. The last paragraph is written t ______.
A. nte the limitatins f the findingB. pint ut further research directins
C. illustrate the benefits f a new apprachD. sum up the changes made in E3SM
【答案】27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了由于人类引起的气候变化导致全球气温持续上升，精确的计算机化气候模型对于揭示未来几年气候将如何演变至关重要。介绍了改编过的模型的特点。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The research reveals that this mdel currently verestimates a key physical prperty f Earth’s climate system called albed, which is the degree t which ice reflects planet-warming sunlight int space.(研究表明，该模型目前高估了地球气候系统的一个关键物理特性，即反照率。反照率是指冰将地球变暖的阳光反射到太空的程度)”可知，反照率随表面亮度的变化而变化。故选A。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“They fund E3SM verestimates the reflectivity f the ice sheet, meaning the mdel estimates less melt than what wuld be expected frm the ice micrphysical prperties. But with the new ice reflectivity incrprated int the mdel, they discvered the Greenland Ice Sheet is melting at a rate f abut six gigatns mre than in lder mdel versins. This is based n albed measurements that are mre cnsistent with satellite bservatins.(他们发现E3SM高估了冰盖的反射率，这意味着该模型估计的融化程度低于从冰的微物理特性中得出的预期。但是，将新的冰反射率纳入模型后，他们发现格陵兰冰盖的融化速度比旧模型版本快了约60亿吨。这是基于与卫星观测更一致的反照率测量)”可知，模式改编版提高了气候预测的准确性。故选C。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Clarke hpes her team’s study stresses the imprtance f the seemingly(克拉克希望她的团队的研究强调看似……特性的重要性)”以及后文“prperties that can have far-reaching cnsequences fr the verall climate(这些特性可能对整体气候产生深远的影响)”可知，某些特性看似微不足道，但可能对整体气候产生深远的影响，所以克拉克希望她的团队的研究强调了这些小特性的重要性。故划线词意思是“小的”。故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Next, Clarke wants t study different icy parts f the planet t calculate hw widespread the albed discrepancy (差异) is in E3SM. “Our next steps are t get it s the mdel is functinal glbally and nt just valid ver Greenland,” said Clarke, wh als intends t cmpare the new Greenland Ice Sheet melt rates t bservatins t measure hw much mre accurate the new ice albed is. “It wuld be useful t apply it t glaciers in places like the Andes and Alaska.”(接下来，克拉克想要研究地球上不同的冰区，以计算反照率差异在E3SM中的分布范围。克拉克说：“我们的下一步是让这个模型在全球范围内发挥作用，而不仅仅是在格陵兰岛有效。”他还打算将新的格陵兰冰盖融化率与观测结果进行比较，以衡量新的冰反照率有多准确。“将其应用于安第斯山脉和阿拉斯加等地的冰川将是有用的。”)”可知，最后一段的目的是为了指出进一步的研究方向。故选B。
D
Crucial systems acrss the wrld cllapsed n Friday, triggered by ne mistake in a single cmpany. The pwer cut f CrwdStrike, a giant in the cybersecurity industry, hit banks, airlines, and health-care systems. It may end up being the wrst infrmatin technlgy disaster in histry.
This was nt, hwever, an unfreseeable freak accident, nr will it be the last f its kind. Instead, the devastatin was the inevitable utcme f mdern scial systems that have been designed fr hypercnnected ptimizatin (优化), nt decentralized resilience.
There is ften a trade-ff between maximum ptimizatin and resilience. Cnsider a basic prehistrical scial system in which many humans lived in small, islated bands. What any single persn did wuld have little t n effect n thse living elsewhere. It was an inefficient, basic system — but if ne part f the human system failed, few thers were affected.
Thrughut ur advancement as a species, frm building empires t building machines, scial systems have evlved t be mre cnnected and centralized. In the 21st century, the cmbinatin f glbalizatin and digitizatin has created a landscape characterized by the threat f catastrphic, immediate risk. Glbalizatin enables large efficiency gains, where a prduct can be put tgether frm carefully managed links in the glbal supply chain. But thse systems lack resilience. Every link must fit tgether perfectly; the system falls apart if even ne chain breaks.
Centuries ag, the philspher David Hume wrte that we can never be certain that the patterns f the past will remain the patterns f the future. This is especially true in the 21st century as we are betting mre and mre f ur wrld n unstable systems. Can we really trust ur species t flawlessly gvern unimaginably cmplex systems — systems we dn’t always fully understand — that can be brught dwn by a single screw-up?
Mdern scieties have discunted the cst f that risk because ur current reward systems favr ptimizatin ver resilience. CEOs try t deliver shrt-term imprvements, nt lng-term planning. Nbdy gets reelected by investing in a rainy-day fund. Business leaders are hired r fired based n quarterly results.
Even thugh the mdern quest fr ptimizatin has t ften made resilience an afterthught, it is nt inevitable that we cntinue dwn the risky path we’re n. And making ur systems mre resilient desn’t require ging back t a discnnected, primitive wrld, either. Instead, ur cmplex, intercnnected scieties simply demand that we cmprmise a bit f efficiency in rder t allw a little extra cushin (缓冲).
If scial systems rely n a mre diverse digital array f cmpanies, the scieties will be less vulnerable (脆弱的). Fr the brader set f risks facing glbal sciety, better regulatin is essential t ensure fail-safes, backups, and stress testing — s that ne errr desn’t bring dwn entire systems. The CrwdStrike breakdwn is a clear warming that the mdern wrld is fragile by design. S far, we have decided t make urselves vulnerable. That means we can decide differently t.
31. The authr mentins the CrwdStrike mainly t ______.
A. highlight its crucial rle in cybersecurityB. intrduce an infrmatin technlgy cllapse
C. explain why peple are in a cnnected systemD. indicate predictable failures f the mdern system
32. What can be inferred abut a mre glbalized system?
A. It leads t a highly advanced digitalized netwrk.
B. It tends t priritize adaptability ver prductivity.
C. It enlarges the impact f lcal errrs t a glbal scale.
D. It guarantees immediate ecnmic rewards fr participants.
33. As fr the future f scial systems, which wuld the authr agree with?
A. The mre discnnected they are, the mre resilient they will be.
B. Sme efficiency shuld be sacrificed fr mre flexibility.
C. Lng-term planning prevents structural breakdwns.
D. Histry can help peple predict future patterns.
34. Which wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A Hypercnnectivity: The Price f Perfectin
B. A Wakeful Warning: The Lessn frm CrwdStrike
C. System Cllapse: An Inevitable Technlgy Disaster
D. Resilience vs. Optimizatin: A Debate fr Better Systems
【答案】31. D 32. C 33. B 34. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章以CrwdStrike系统崩溃事件为例，探讨现代社会系统重优化轻弹性的问题及应对之策。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Crucial systems acrss the wrld cllapsed n Friday, triggered by ne mistake in a single cmpany. The pwer cut f CrwdStrike, a giant in the cybersecurity industry, hit banks, airlines, and health-care systems. It may end up being the wrst infrmatin technlgy disaster in histry.(周五，全球关键系统崩溃，起因是一家公司的一个失误。网络安全行业巨头 CrwdStrike 的停电影响了银行、航空公司和医疗保健系统。这可能最终成为历史上最严重的信息技术灾难。)”以及第二段“This was nt, hwever, an unfreseeable freak accident, nr will it be the last f its kind. Instead, the devastatin was the inevitable utcme f mdern scial systems that have been designed fr hypercnnected ptimizatin, nt decentralized resilience.(然而，这并非一场不可预见的怪异事故，也不会是此类事故中的最后一次。相反，这场灾难是现代社会系统的必然结果，这些系统是为超连接优化而设计的，而非分散式弹性设计。)”可知，作者提及CrwdStrike 事件主要是为了表明现代系统存在可预见的故障。故选D项。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Glbalizatin enables large efficiency gains, where a prduct can be put tgether frm carefully managed links in the glbal supply chain. But thse systems lack resilience. Every link must fit tgether perfectly; the system falls apart if even ne chain breaks.(全球化带来了巨大的效率提升，产品可以由全球供应链中精心管理的环节组装而成。但这些系统缺乏弹性。每个环节都必须完美配合；哪怕只有一个环节出问题，整个系统就会崩溃。)”可知，全球化使得系统缺乏弹性，一个环节出错就可能导致整个系统崩溃，可推断出全球化的系统会将局部错误的影响扩大到全球范围。故选C项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Even thugh the mdern quest fr ptimizatin has t ften made resilience an afterthught, it is nt inevitable that we cntinue dwn the risky path we’re n. And making ur systems mre resilient desn’t require ging back t a discnnected, primitive wrld, either. Instead, ur cmplex, intercnnected scieties simply demand that we cmprmise a bit f efficiency in rder t allw a little extra cushin.(尽管现代对优化的追求常常将弹性置于次要地位，但我们并非必然要继续走这条危险的道路。而且，使我们的系统更具弹性也不需要回到一个脱节的、原始的世界。相反，我们复杂、相互关联的社会只要求我们牺牲一点效率，以便有更多的缓冲空间。)”可知，作者认为为了使系统更具弹性，即更具灵活性，应该牺牲一些效率。故选B项。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开篇以CrwdStrike系统崩溃这一事件展开，阐述现代社会系统因注重优化而缺乏弹性的问题，进而讨论应对措施，强调这一事件给我们带来的警示。而B选项A Wakeful Warning: The Lessn frm CrwdStrike(一个警醒：来自CrwdStrike的教训) 准确概括文章主旨。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine yu’ve been wrking fr hurs befre a deadline, but yu feel like yu’re getting nwhere. Yu’re starting t feel really anxius. At this pint, yu might start t blame yurself fr having this emtin. Nw yu have tw emtins: feeling anxius abut getting wrk dne and feeling frustrated that yu are anxius. When the secnd emtin gets layered n tp f the first emtin, yu ften feel wrse and are even less likely t reach yur gals. Yu may nw be wndering if it is pssible t make the secnd emtin less likely. ____35____.
Many peple have heard f “mindfulness”. It is ften assciated with ding a meditatin (冥想) practice, but its essence is t be mre aware and accepting f yur present-mment experience. ____36____ Acceptance can limit judgmental thughts and unhelpful secndary emtins.
Let me explain. Picture yurself in a challenging situatin like the scenari described abve and yu feel anxiety arising. Instead f getting upset at yurself fr having this emtin, yu bring yur awareness t the experience f the emtin and accept it. Yu might feel that this anxiety is nt fun t experience. ____37____ With this attitude f acceptance, and stepping away frm the tendency t fight against the emtin, yu are less likely t get stuck in a lp f judgmental thughts that might trigger mre unwanted emtins.
____38____ But evidence suggests that it wrks. That is prbably because accepting yurselves, including yur emtins, relieves pressure. Yu stp adding fuel t the emtinal fire when yu release judgmental thughts abut yur emtins. ____39____ Fr instance, yu culd turn dwn the vlume n the initial emtin, perhaps by seeing the situatin frm a new perspective r asking smene fr supprt.
A. Thankfully, research suggests that the answer is yes.
B. Yu can’t be prductive even when yu have mre inner space.
C. Then yu may questin if yu are feeling anxius abut getting wrk dne.
D. Yet yu knw yu can breathe it thrugh and that it is just a passing emtin.
E. Smetimes the experience includes an unpleasant emtin yu dn’t want t feel.
F. It might sund unreasnable that embracing an unpleasant emtin can be a gd thing.
G. Yu als create mre inner space t determine whether yu can d smething that helps.
【答案】35. A 36. E 37. D 38. F 39. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何减少焦虑感。
【35题详解】
根据上文“Imagine yu’ve been wrking fr hurs befre a deadline, but yu feel like yu’re getting nwhere. Yu’re starting t feel really anxius. At this pint, yu might start t blame yurself fr having this emtin. Nw yu have tw emtins: feeling anxius abut getting wrk dne and feeling frustrated that yu are anxius. When the secnd emtin gets layered n tp f the first emtin, yu ften feel wrse and are even less likely t reach yur gals. Yu may nw be wndering if it is pssible t make the secnd emtin less likely.(想象一下，在截止日期前，你已经工作了好几个小时，但你感觉毫无进展。你开始感到非常焦虑。在这一点上，你可能会开始责怪自己有这种情绪。现在你有两种情绪：对完成工作感到焦虑，对自己的焦虑感到沮丧。当第二种情绪叠加在第一种情绪之上时，你通常会感觉更糟，甚至更不可能实现你的目标。你现在可能想知道是否有可能降低第二种情绪的可能性)”可知，上文提到“想知道是否有可能降低第二种情绪的可能性”，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，说明这一疑问的答案。故A选项“值得庆幸的是，研究表明答案是肯定的”符合语境，故选A。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Many peple have heard f “mindfulness”. It is ften assciated with ding a meditatin (冥想) practice, but its essence is t be mre aware and accepting f yur present-mment experience.(很多人都听说过“正念”。它经常与冥想练习联系在一起，但它的本质是更加意识到并接受你现在的经历)”可知，上文提到接受你现在的经历，本句承接上文，对经历进行进一步解释说明。故E选项“有时这种经历包含了一种你不想感受到的不愉快情绪”符合语境，故选E。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Let me explain. Picture yurself in a challenging situatin like the scenari described abve and yu feel anxiety arising. Instead f getting upset at yurself fr having this emtin, yu bring yur awareness t the experience f the emtin and accept it. Yu might feel that this anxiety is nt fun t experience.(让我解释一下。想象你自己处于如上所述的具有挑战性的情境中，你会感到焦虑。不要因为自己有这种情绪而感到沮丧，而是把你的意识带到这种情绪的体验中并接受它。你可能会觉得这种焦虑并不有趣)”以及后文“With this attitude f acceptance, and stepping away frm the tendency t fight against the emtin, yu are less likely t get stuck in a lp f judgmental thughts that might trigger mre unwanted emtins.(有了这种接受的态度，远离与情绪作斗争的倾向，你就不太可能陷入评判思想的循环中，这可能会引发更多不想要的情绪)”可知，本句与上文构成转折关系，上文提到了焦虑，后文提到接受的态度，推测本句说明如何应对焦虑情绪。故D选项“但是你知道你可以把它呼吸出去，它只是一种转瞬即逝的情绪”符合语境，故选D。
【38题详解】
根据后文“But evidence suggests that it wrks. That is prbably because accepting yurselves, including yur emtins, relieves pressure.(但证据表明，它是有效的。这可能是因为接受你自己，包括你的情绪，可以减轻压力。)”可知，后文与本句构成转折关系，后文提到了有效，本句是在说明接纳情绪的消极方面。故F选项“拥抱一种不愉快的情绪可能是一件好事，这听起来可能不合理”符合语境，故选F。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Yu stp adding fuel t the emtinal fire when yu release judgmental thughts abut yur emtins.(当你释放出对自己情绪的评判性想法时，你就停止了给情绪火上浇油)”可知，本句承接上文，进一步说明停止批判自己所带来的好处。故G选项“你也创造了更多的内心空间来决定你是否可以做一些有帮助的事情”符合语境，故选G。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题纸指定区域作答。
The Cambridge Dictinary defines curisity as “an eager wish t knw r learn abut smething” which cmes in varius types. Ian Leslie, in his bk Curius, utlines three types: “adventurus curisity”, the desire t explre new places and peple; “intellectual curisity”, the deep dive yu take when finding ut abut a particular tpic; and “empathetic curisity”, the wanting t find ut mre abut the peple arund us. As children, we bubble ver with curisity. Hwever, as we grw up, it can fade. Wrse, we can cme t believe that it’s a bad thing. After all, didn’t it kill the cat?
Neurscience suggests ne explanatin fr this decline. Brains in early childhd pssess great plasticity and lay dwn lts f neural pathways based n the infrmatin we gather frm all that curius explring and experimenting. Hwever, as we grw lder, ur brains lse sme f that flexibility. And we rely n thse earlier pathways t deal with the things we’ve seen and dne befre. It’s a way f cnserving brain energy fr ecnmy and cmpetence in cping with rdinary life.
Whatever underlies ur shrinking curisity, research repeatedly shws that we’d be better ff cntinuing t cultivate it. Curisity is linked t lwer levels f anxiety, a greater satisfactin in life, achieving academically, building empathy and imprved relatinships. It als prtects brain health thrugh staying mentally active by trying smething new. These psitive effects f curisity are deeply intertwined with ur brain’s chemical respnses. Research shws that brain’s dpamine system is activated when smething nvel happens. Rather than prduce pleasure, dpamine actually stimulates ur lnging t cntinue the activity, in this case the desire t find ut mre. It’s easy t see hw this brain chemistry has helped us.
Curisity has mtivated ur ancestrs t questin, experiment and learn, leading us ut f the Stne Age t the Brnze Age and the Irn Age and, finally, t the Infrmatin Age. It has sparked ur greatest achievements and discveries and cntinues in ur persnal lives t bring greater cntentment. S, perhaps the cat was simply unlucky, because fr us humans, curisity cntinues t be essential, bth t ur survival and ur ability t flurish.
40. What are the three types f curisity accrding t Ian Leslie?
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41. Why d we rely n earlier pathways t deal with the things we’ve seen and dne befre?
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42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
➢ When smething nvel happens, the dpamine system f the brain is activated t make us feel happy.
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43. Hw d yu develp yur curisity? (In abut 40 wrds)
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【答案】40. Adventurus curisity, intellectual curisity, and empathetic curisity.
41. Because ur brains lse sme f the flexibility. /Because it’s a way f cnserving brain energy fr ecnmy and cmpetence in cping with rdinary life.
42. When smething nvel happens, the dpamine system f the brain is activated t make us feel happy.
When smething nvel happens, the dpamine system f the brain is activated t stimulate ur lnging t cntinue the activity /ur desire t find ut mre.
43. Pssible Versin 1:
I cultivate my curisity by actively engaging in varius activities that can braden my perspectives and enrich my experiences. Fr example, jining the rbtics club intrduces me t cutting-edge technlgies, which may ignite my passin t explre mre and prepare me fr the future innvatin.
Pssible Versin 2:
I always seek new experiences, whether by traveling t unfamiliar places r explring new tpics thrugh reading. These activities allw me t see the wrld frm fresh perspectives, guiding me t inquire further. Thus, I may becme mre mtivated t explre and gain deeper insights.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了好奇心的种类和作用。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Ian Leslie, in his bk Curius, utlines three types: “adventurus curisity”, the desire t explre new places and peple; “intellectual curisity”, the deep dive yu take when finding ut abut a particular tpic; and “empathetic curisity”, the wanting t find ut mre abut the peple arund us. (伊恩·莱斯利在他的《好奇》一书中概述了三种类型：“冒险型好奇心”，即探索新地方和新人群的欲望;“知识好奇心”，当你发现一个特定的话题时，你会深入研究;还有“同理心好奇心”，想要更多地了解我们周围的人)”可知，恩·莱斯利在他的《好奇》一书中概述了三种类型： “冒险型好奇心”;“知识好奇心”;“同理心好奇心”。故回答为：Adventurus curisity, intellectual curisity, and empathetic curisity.
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Hwever, as we grw lder, ur brains lse sme f that flexibility. And we rely n thse earlier pathways t deal with the things we’ve seen and dne befre. It’s a way f cnserving brain energy fr ecnmy and cmpetence in cping with rdinary life.(然而，随着年龄的增长，我们的大脑失去了一些灵活性。我们依靠这些早期的途径来处理我们以前见过和做过的事情。这是一种节约大脑能量的方式，以节省精力，提高应对日常生活的能力)”可知，我们要依靠以前的途径来处理我们以前见过和做过的事情是因为我们的大脑失去了一些灵活性。或者是因为这是节约大脑能量的一种方式，既节约又能应付日常生活。故回答为：Because ur brains lse sme f the flexibility. /Because it’s a way f cnserving brain energy fr ecnmy and cmpetence in cping with rdinary life.
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Research shws that brain’s dpamine system is activated when smething nvel happens. Rather than prduce pleasure, dpamine actually stimulates ur lnging t cntinue the activity, in this case the desire t find ut mre.(研究表明，当新鲜事物发生时，大脑的多巴胺系统会被激活。多巴胺不是产生愉悦感，而是激发我们继续活动的渴望，在这种情况下是想要发现更多的欲望)”可知，当一些新奇的事情发生时，大脑的多巴胺系统被激活，刺激我们继续活动的渴望/我们想要发现更多的欲望。故回答为：When smething nvel happens, the dpamine system f the brain is activated t make us feel happy.
When smething nvel happens, the dpamine system f the brain is activated t stimulate ur lnging t cntinue the activity /ur desire t find ut mre.
【43题详解】
考查开放性试题。你是如何培养自己的好奇心的?
通读全文可知，可能的版本1：
我通过积极参加各种活动来培养我的好奇心，这些活动可以拓宽我的视野，丰富我的经验。例如，加入机器人俱乐部可以让我接触到最前沿的技术，这可能会点燃我探索更多的热情，为我未来的创新做好准备。
可能的版本2：
我总是寻求新的体验，无论是去陌生的地方旅行，还是通过阅读探索新的话题。这些活动让我从新的角度看世界，引导我进一步探索。因此，我可能会更有动力去探索，获得更深入的见解。故回答为：
Pssible Versin 1:
I cultivate my curisity by actively engaging in varius activities that can braden my perspectives and enrich my experiences. Fr example, jining the rbtics club intrduces me t cutting-edge technlgies, which may ignite my passin t explre mre and prepare me fr the future innvatin.
Pssible Versin 2:
I always seek new experiences, whether by traveling t unfamiliar places r explring new tpics thrugh reading. These activities allw me t see the wrld frm fresh perspectives, guiding me t inquire further. Thus, I may becme mre mtivated t explre and gain deeper insights.
第二节（20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校上周举办了主题为“让传统文化潮起来”的创意文化节。你的英国好友Jim看到了你分享的活动照片，对此很感兴趣，发来邮件询问相关情况。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1. 活动内容；
2. 你的感想。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
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Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m glad that yu’re interested in the phts frm ur recent creative cultural festival! Here’s mre abut it.
With the theme “Make Traditinal Culture Trendy”, the event has injected vigr int traditinal Chinese culture with mdern elements. In the art center, ppular music was played n traditinal musical instruments by talented students, creating a unique feast fr the ears. At the DIY statin, students designed reusable bags and T-shirts featuring elements f Chinese painting and calligraphy. What impressed me the mst was the VR sectin, where students culd immerse themselves in traditinal custms like the firewrk shw.
This event was bth fun and educatinal. It has deepened my appreciatin fr ur rich cultural heritage and demnstrated hw innvatin culd breathe new life int traditin.
I hpe yu find the festival inspiring, t.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生用英文给英国好友Jim写信介绍学校上周举办了主题为“让传统文化潮起来”的创意文化节。内容包括：活动内容和你的感想。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
有天赋的： talented→gifted
有趣的：fun→interesting
希望：hpe→wish
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： At the DIY statin, students designed reusable bags and T-shirts featuring elements f Chinese painting and calligraphy.
拓展句：At the DIY statin, students designed reusable bags and T-shirts which featured elements f Chinese painting and calligraphy.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 In the art center, ppular music was played n traditinal musical instruments by talented students, creating a unique feast fr the ears.（运用了现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】What impressed me the mst was the VR sectin, where students culd immerse themselves in traditinal custms like the firewrk shw.（运用了what引导的主语从句和where引导的非限制性定语从句）