中考英语二轮测试短文填空首字母填空（全国通用）（解析版）

这是一份中考英语二轮测试短文填空首字母填空（全国通用）（解析版），共24页。
（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。(每空一词)
Chinese writer Wang Zengqi nce wrte, “When I arrive in a new place... I prefer t visit the lcal farmers market t see live chickens and ducks, fresh vegetables and bright fruits. It’s lively and brings me a sense f the jy f l 1 .”
Nwadays, mre peple feel the same as Wang. They lve t explre farmers markets wherever they visit. These traditinal markets, which used t be just lcal s 2 places, are attracting visitrs during hlidays, especially the yung. They think visiting a city w 3 explring farmers markets is a waste f a trip. There they can enjy muthwatering fd, lcal culture and real nature f a city.
Lu Yan, a tur lver, travels arund markets natinwide. He agrees these farmers markets are c 4 t lcal peple’s daily life than thse scenic spts (风景点) and supermarkets which seem all the same everywhere. In Xi’an, he enjyed tasty Rujiam, w 5 in Inner Mnglia, he tasted the famus air-dried beef. The generus sellers e 6 shared with him sme trade secrets.
Freign travellers, t, cnsider these markets as interesting w 7 int Chinese daily life. Lu Yan nticed a grup f American turists walking arund a farmers market in Beijing. They talked with the sellers thugh they had difficulties with l 8 and culd nt stp trying lcal snacks. The visit left a lasting impressin n thse freign visitrs. They are tuched by the energy f lcals and the flavur f Chinese daily life.
The ppularity f farmers markets amng visitrs shws an imprtant c 9 —frm a fcus n scenes that cver every place t deeper experiences f lcal life. As part f this trend, many ld farmers markets are upgraded r set t repen. One f them is the Chngwenmen farmers market, which was b 10 in 1976. After 15 years f clsure, it repened t the public earlier this year.
【答案】
1．(l)ife 2．(s)hpping 3．(w)ithut 4．(c)lser 5．(w)hile 6．(e)ven 7．(w)indws 8．(l)anguage 9．(c)hange 10．(b)uilt
【导语】本文主要讲述了农贸市场作为体验当地文化和生活的窗口，越来越受到游客的青睐，并成为旅游新趋势的现象。
1．句意：它充满活力，给我带来了生活的喜悦。根据“I prefer t visit the lcal farmers market t see live chickens and ducks, fresh vegetables and bright fruits”可知，贸市场带来生活的喜悦，the jy f life表示“生活的喜悦”，故填(l)ife。
2．句意：这些传统市场过去只是当地的购物场所，现在吸引了假期游客，尤其是年轻人。根据“These traditinal markets”和首字母“s”可知，此处指“购物场所”。shpping“购物”，作定语修饰places。故填(s)hpping。
3．句意：他们认为不探索农贸市场的城市之旅是浪费。根据“visiting a farmers markets is a waste”和首字母“w”可知，此处表示没有探索农贸市场的城市旅行是浪费，需用介词withut。故填(w)ithut。
4．句意：他认为农贸市场比千篇一律的景点和超市更贴近当地人的日常生活。根据“ lcal peple’s daily life”和首字母“c”可知，农贸市场比景点和超市更贴近当地人生活，此处需用比较级，clser“更接近的”符合语境。故填(c)lser。
5．句意：在西安，他品尝了肉夹馍，而在内蒙古，他尝试了著名的风干牛肉。根据“In Xi’ Inner Mnglia”和首字母“w”可知，此处表示对比，需用连词while“而”。故填(w)hile。
6．句意：慷慨的卖家甚至与他分享了一些行业秘密。根据“shared with him sme trade secrets.”和首字母“e”可知，此处表示递进，需用副词even“甚至”，表示卖家甚至与他分享了一些行业秘密。故填(e)ven。
7．句意：外国游客也认为这些市场是了解中国日常生活的有趣窗口。根据“interesting ... int Chinese daily life”和首字母“w”可知，此处比喻为“窗口”，windw“窗口”，复数名词表泛指。故填(w)indws。
8．句意：尽管他们语言不通，但仍与卖家交谈，并不停尝试当地小吃。根据“They talked with the sellers thugh they had difficulties”和首字母“l”可知，此处指“语言障碍”。language“语言”，名词。故填(l)anguage。
9．句意：农贸市场的流行显示了一个重要变化——从关注千篇一律的景点转向深度体验当地生活。根据“shws an imprtant”和首字母“c”可知，此处指一个重要变化。change“变化”，名词。故填(c)hange。
10．句意：其中之一是崇文门农贸市场，它建于1976年。根据“in 1976”和首字母“b”可知，此处需用被动语态，表示“被建造”，built“建造”，过去分词。故填(b)uilt。
（2025·天津·中考真题）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
Tday the earth is getting warmer and warmer. But hundreds f years a 11 , peple had a different prblem—a 400-year cld perid! Frm the 1400s t the 1800s, winters in the nrthern half f the earth were c 12 and lnger than they are nw. Scientists c 13 this time the “Little Ice Age” (小冰期).
The clder weather b 14 many serius prblems. Plants died f cld and illness spread amng peple. Peple had t spend a lt mre time cllecting wd fr fires t keep their huse warm. And smetimes, a h 15 piece f ice wuld slide dwn (滑落) a muntain and destry (摧毁) sme villages.
Scientists think the Little Ice Age was caused by frces (力量) that peple culd nt cntrl. One cause (起因), in their pinin, was the sun. The sun ften has “strms” f energy called sunspts (太阳黑子). During the Little Ice Age, there were fewer sunspts than there are t 16 . With fewer sunspts, the sun was giving ut less e 17 which made the earth warm. Vlcanic eruptin (火山爆发) was prbably a 18 natural cause. During the Little Ice Age, many vlcanes erupted. Their dust (灰尘) might stp the sun’s l 19 and heat frm reaching the earth.
Tday we are seeing the influences f rising temperature. Scientists think peple are causing this change by b 20 a lt f cal and il. S we need t change ur way f living.
【答案】
11．(a)g 12．(c)lder 13．(c)all 14．(b)rught 15．(h)uge 16．(t)day 17．(e)nergy 18．(a)nther 19．(l)ight 20．(b)urning
【导语】本文主要讲述了地球在历史上经历的“小冰期”现象及其可能的原因，并与当前全球变暖现象进行对比。
11．句意：但几百年前，人们面临一个不同的问题——持续400年的寒冷时期！根据“hundreds f years”和时间对比语境以及所给首字母可知，此处需用表示过去的时间副词，ag“以前”符合语境。故填(a)g。
12．句意：从15世纪到19世纪，北半球的冬天比现在更寒冷且更漫长。根据“winters in the nrthern half f the earth lnger than”和所给首字母可知，北半球的冬天比现在更寒冷且更漫长，此处应用cld“寒冷的”的比较级clder。故填(c)lder。
13．句意：科学家称这个时期为“小冰期”。根据“ time the ‘Little Ice Age’ (小冰期).”和所给首字母可知，科学家应是称这个时期为“小冰期”，call“称作”，主语“Scientists”为复数，且描述客观事实，动词用原形。故填(c)all。
14．句意：更寒冷的天气带来了许多严重的问题。根据“The clder serius prblems.”和所给首字母可知，更寒冷的天气应是带来了许多严重的问题，“带来”bring，此处用过去式brught与上下文时态一致，描述过去发生的事。故填(b)rught。
15．句意：有时，一大块冰会从山上滑落并摧毁一些村庄。根据“piece f ice wuld slide dwn (滑落) a muntain and destry (摧毁) sme villages.”和所给首字母可知，应是一大块冰从山上滑落，才会摧毁一些村庄，“巨大的”huge，形容词作定语。故填(h)uge。
16．句意：在小冰期，太阳黑子比现在更少。与“During the Little Ice Age”形成时间对比，此处需用表示现在的副词。结合所给首字母可知，tday“现在”，符合语境。故填(t)day。
17．句意：太阳黑子减少，导致太阳释放的使地球变暖的能量更少。动词“giving ut”后接名词作宾语，根据科学常识和所给首字母可知，此处指“能量”energy，不可数名词。故填(e)nergy。
18．句意：火山爆发可能是另一个自然原因。前文已提及太阳是原因之一，此处应表示另一个原因，结合所给首字母可知，anther“另一、又一”符合语境。故填(a)nther。
19．句意：火山灰可能会阻挡太阳的光和热量到达地球。与“heat”并列，需用名词“光”light，不可数形式。故填(l)ight。
20．句意：科学家认为人类通过燃烧大量煤炭和石油导致了这一变化。根据“peple are causing this change lt f cal and il. S we need t change ur way f living”和所给首字母可知，应是燃烧煤炭和石油，burn“燃烧”，by后接动名词。故填(b)urning。
（2025·江苏连云港·中考真题）
根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。
When peple d nt get enugh fd, they cannt grw strng r healthy. We shuld include plenty f v 21 and ther plant-based fds in ur diets. They prvide necessary nutrients (营养) fr ur h 22 .
Scientists are wrking hard t make sure that everyne can have e 23 fd t eat. They are thinking f all kinds f new ways t g 24 plants. Fr example, they create plants that can survive in difficult cnditins, and use technlgy t grw fresh fd in p 25 like deserts (沙漠).
It’s quite challenging fr plants t live in deserts because they are very ht, have very l 26 water, and have pr-quality sil. Smetimes there is even salt in the sil, which makes it h 27 fr mst plants t survive.
Hwever, ver time, plants have w 28 ut clever ways t deal with the challenges f living in the desert. Desert plants have small, narrw leaves r wax layers (蜡层) n their leaves t p 29 themselves frm the sun. They als have deep rts (根) that g far int the grund fr w 30 . Sme plants can take in salt and stre it in their cells.
【答案】
21．(v)egetables 22．(h)ealth 23．(e)nugh 24．(g)rw 25．(p)laces 26．(l)ittle 27．(h)ard/(h)arder 28．(w)rked 29．(p)rtect 30．(w)ater
【导语】本文主要介绍了食物对健康的重要性以及科学家们为解决全球粮食问题而采取的创新方法，特别是如何在极端环境（如沙漠）中种植植物，同时介绍了沙漠植物为了生存而进化出的独特适应机制。
21．句意：我们应该在饮食中包含大量的蔬菜和其他植物性食物。根据“and ther plant-based fds in ur diets”可知要吃大量的蔬菜，vegetable“蔬菜”，用名词复数。故填(v)egetables。
22．句意：它们为我们的健康提供必要的营养。根据“hey prvide necessary nutrients (营养) fr ur”可知蔬菜可以为我们的健康提供营养，health“健康”，不可数名词。故填(h)ealth。
23．句意：科学家们正在努力确保每个人都能有足够多的食物吃。根据“fd t eat”可知是有足够的食物吃，enugh“足够的”。故填(e)nugh。
24．句意：他们正在想各种新方法来种植植物。根据“they create plants that can survive in difficult cnditins”可知在想办法种植植物，grw“种植”，动词不定式符号t后加动词原形。故填(g)rw。
25．句意：他们创造了可以在恶劣条件下生存的植物，并利用技术在像沙漠这样的地方种植新鲜食物。根据“like deserts”可知是在沙漠这样的地方，place“地方”，用名词复数。故填(p)laces。
26．句意：植物在沙漠中生存是非常具有挑战性的，因为沙漠非常炎热，几乎没有水，土壤质量也很差。根据“It’s quite challenging fr plants t live in deserts because they are very ht, have ”可知沙漠里几乎没有水，little“几乎没有”。故填(l)ittle。
27．句意：有时土壤中甚至有盐，这使得大多数植物很难生存。根据“there is even salt in the sil”可知土壤里有盐，大多数植物在这样的土壤中很难生存，hard“难的”，此处可用形容词原级，也可用比较级。故填(h)ard/(h)arder。
28．句意：然而，随着时间的推移，植物已经想出了应对沙漠生存挑战的巧妙方法。根据“ut clever ways”可知是想出了办法，wrk ut“解决，想出”，此处用过去分词和have构成现在完成时。故填(w)rked。
29．句意：沙漠植物的叶子很小、很窄，或者叶子上有蜡层以保护自己免受阳光的伤害。根据“themselves frm the sun”可知这些蜡层可以保护它们免受阳光的伤害，“保护……免受……”，动词不定式符号t后加动词原形。故填(p)rtect。
30．句意：它们还有深入地下寻找水的深根。根据“They als have deep rts (根) that g far int the grund fr”可知根深入地下寻找水，water“水”。故填(w)ater。
(2024中考真题）
（2024·天津·中考真题）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
Lng ag, the early peple did nt live in huses as we d tday. Mst f the hmes were in caves r shelters (遮蔽物) which were built in trees. These ‘hmes’ were nly used as temprary (临时的) shelters t p 1 them frm the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the frests. Men f that time were called ‘cave peple’.
These ‘cave peple’ usually lived in small grups and life was nt e 2 fr them. They had t mve frm place t place t s 3 fr fd. They wuld hunt, fish r pick wild fruit. When they culdn’t find a 4 t eat, they wuld leave t find anther prper place. Their tls were very simple. They ate raw (生的) fd u 5 they learnt hw t make a fire. Fr clthing, they used nly the bark (树皮) f trees r the skins (皮) f animals t c 6 their bdies.
Hwever, the lives f the ‘cave peple’ changed. They cllected the seeds (种子) f wild plants that g 7 in the frests. Sn they learnt t plant fruit, vegetables and ther crps. They als kept cws, sheep and ther kinds f farm a 8 fr milk, meat and skins. They became f 9 and lived in nly ne certain area. Their grups became l 10 than befre as they lived mre settled (固定的) lives. They built huses as lng-lasting hmes, and as a result, villages and twns develped quickly. The ‘cave peple’ began t be civilized (文明的).
【答案】
1．(p)rtect 2．(e)asy 3．(s)earch 4．(a)nything 5．(u)ntil 6．(c)ver 7．(g)rew 8．(a)nimals 9．(f)armers 10．(l)arger
【导语】本文主要介绍“穴居人”的生活。
1．句意：这些“家”只是用作临时庇护所，保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害。根据“These ‘hmes’ were nly used as temprary (临时的) shelters t p... them frm the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the frests.”可知，这些“家”保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害，prtect“保护”，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(p)rtect。
2．句意：这些“穴居人”通常生活在小群体中，生活对他们来说并不容易。根据“These ‘cave peple’ usually lived in small grups and life was nt e... fr them.”可知，生活对他们来说并不容易，easy“容易的”，在句中作表语，故填(e)asy。
3．句意：他们不得不从一个地方搬到另一个地方寻找食物。根据“They had t mve frm place t place t s... fr fd.”可知，他们不得不搬家寻找食物，search fr“寻找”符合语境，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(s)earch。
4．句意：当他们找不到吃的东西时，他们会离开去找另一个合适的地方。根据“When they culdn’t find a... t eat, they wuld leave t find anther prper place.”可知，找不到吃的东西时就会搬家，anything“任何东西”，用于否定句中，故填(a)nything。
5．句意：他们吃生的食物，直到学会如何生火。根据“They ate raw (生的) fd u... they learnt hw t make a fire.”可知，直到学会如何生火才不吃生的食物，until“直到”符合语境，故填(u)ntil。
6．句意：至于衣服，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体。根据“they used nly the bark (树皮) f trees r the skins (皮) f animals t c... their bdies”可知，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体，cver“遮盖”，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(c)ver。
7．句意：他们收集了生长在森林中的野生植物的种子。根据“They cllected the seeds (种子) f wild plants that g... in the frests.”可知，收集生长在森林中的野生植物的种子，grw“生长”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(g)rew。
8．句意：他们还饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，以获取牛奶、肉和皮。根据“They als kept cws, sheep and ther kinds f farm a... fr milk, meat and skins.”可知，饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，animal“动物”，“ther kinds f”修饰可数名词复数，故填(a)nimals。
9．句意：他们成了农民，只住在一个特定的地区。根据“They became f... and lived in nly ne certain area.”可知，他们成了农民，farmer“农民”，主语“They”是复数，故填(f)armers。
10．句意：他们的群体变得比以前更大，因为他们的生活更加稳定。根据“Their grups became l... than befre as they lived mre settled (固定的) lives.”可知，他们的群体变得比以前更大，larger“更大的”，在句中作表语，故填(l)arger。
（2024·山东东营·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
Bear was busy making pies. When he wke up in spring, he wuld need them.
“Oh n!” cried Bear. “The berries (莓) have run ut. I must pick sme mre.”
Bear went t find mre berries. He walked till his ft ached, but he didn’t find any berries n 11 his hme.
S he decided t g deeper int the frest t lk fr berries. As he walked alng, he felt very h 12 . He had been s busy cking that he had eaten nthing all day.
As be walked, Bear met bis friend Raccn.
“D yu have say berries fr me?” asked Bear.
“Srry, but I can g 13 yu sme apples.” said Raccn.
“Yur apples are t sur.” said Bear.
Sn Bear met Squirrel.
“D yu have any berries fr me?” asked Bear.
“N,” said Squirrel. “But I have sme walnuts (核桃). Yu can have sme.”
“Thank yu.” said Bear. “But I d nt w 14 walnuts in my pies. I will keep searching fr berries.”
After a lt f effrt, Bear realized that there were n berries left.
Suddenly, snw began t fall. Bear raced hme. Then he jumped int bed. B 15 he culd nt sleep. He was s hungry.
“Oh dear.” said Bear. I will have t eat my pies. But if s, I will have n 16 fr spring. Bear was t hungry t wrry abut it. He ate up all the pies u 17 he felt full at last. Sn he was fast asleep. Bear slept fr many mnths.
Spring came. Bear w 18 up. He was very, very hungry.
Just then, Raccn and Squirrel came. They were each hlding a pie.
“Thse pies smell delicius.” said Bear.
“Oh. I dn’t think yu wuld like my sur apple pie.” said Raccn.
“And I am sure yu wuldn’t like my walnut pie.” said Squirrel.
When Bear pened his muth t speak, Raccn put sme apple pie in Bear’s m 19 .
“Yum, this is gd!” cried Bear.
Squirrel gave Bear sme walnut pie.
“Ww, walnut pie is great, t 20 ,” said Bear.
“Aren’t yu glad we educated yu abut pies?” said Squirrel.
“I am.” Bear said. “My next pies will have new fillings (馅).”
【答案】
11．(n)ear 12．(h)ungry 13．(g)ive 14．(w)ant 15．(B)ut 16．(n)thing 17．(u)ntil 18．(w)ke 19．(m)uth 20．(t)
【导语】本文主要介绍了熊忙着做馅饼，但是不小心在冬眠前把它们吃光了，最后朋友们带来新口味的馅饼，这让他感到满足和感激。
11．句意：他一直走到脚痛，但在家附近没有发现任何浆果。根据“didn’t find any hme”可知在他家附近没有发现浆果，near“在附近”。故填(n)ear。
12．句意：他边走边觉得很饿。根据“He had been s busy cking that he had eaten nthing all day.”可知他什么都没吃，所以很饿，hungry“饿的”。故填(h)ungry。
13．句意：我可以给你一些苹果。根据“yu sme apples”可知是给你一些苹果，give“给”，情态动词后加动词原形。故填(g)ive。
14．句意：但我不想在馅饼里放核桃。根据“But I d in my pies”可知是不想在馅饼里放核桃，want“想要”，助动词d nt后加动词原形。故填(w)ant。
15．句意：但是他睡不着。此处和前句是转折关系，用but连接。故填(B)ut。
16．句意：但如果这样的话，我将度过一个一无所有的春天。根据“I will have t eat my pies”可知如果把馅饼吃了，春天就什么也没有了，nthing“没有什么”。故填(n)thing。
17．句意：他把所有的馅饼都吃光了，直到他终于觉得饱了为止。根据“He ate up all the felt full at last.”可知是吃完了所有的馅饼，直到他吃饱了，until“直到”。故填(u)ntil。
18．句意：熊醒了。根据“Bear slept fr many mnths.”可知他从冬眠中醒来，wake up“醒来”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(w)ke。
19．句意：浣熊往熊的嘴里塞了一些苹果馅饼。根据“Raccn put sme apple pie in Bear’s...”可知是在嘴巴里放一些苹果馅饼，muth“嘴巴”，此处用名词单数形式，指熊的嘴巴。故填(m)uth。
20．句意：核桃馅饼也很棒。根据“walnut pie is great”可知核桃馅饼也很美味，肯定句句尾用t。故填(t)。
（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）
根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。
Cmmunity cnnects us with each ther. A cmmunity is a p 21 where peple live, wrk and play tgether. It’s just like a schl, where s 22 help each ther t learn. Peple in a cmmunity h 23 ne anther, t.
Peple in a cmmunity have different skills. They ften help neighbrs s 24 all kinds f prblems. Fr example, smetimes peple d nt feel well. The d 25 and nurses will make them feel better. There are als sme engineers. They may help peple f 26 their brken bicycles r washing machines. When peple dn’t knw what t wear t a party r hw t design their hmes, the artists will give them sme a 27 .
Sme cllege students wrk as vlunteers in their s 28 time. They ften d sme cleaning fr the ld peple and help students with their h 29 .
Cmmunity is nt a building r an rganizatin. It is like a big f 30 . Members f a cmmunity have a sense f trust, safety and caring fr each ther.
【答案】
21．(p)lace 22．(s)tudents 23．(h)elp 24．(s)lve 25．(d)ctrs 26．(f)ix 27．(a)dvice 28．(s)pare 29．(h)mewrk 30．(f)amily
【导语】本文介绍了社区将人们紧密联系在一起，社区的人们互助友爱，就像一个大家庭。
21．句意：社区是人们一起生活、工作和娱乐的地方。根据首字母及“A cmmunity is a…where peple live, wrk and play tgether.”可知，社区是人们生活、工作和娱乐的地方。place“地方”，名词，冠词a后用其单数形式。故填(p)lace。
22．句意：这就像一所学校，学生们互相帮助学习。根据首字母及“It’s just like a schl”可知，社区像一所学校，学生们互相帮助学习。student“学生”，名词，help是动词原形，故名词应用复数形式。故填(s)tudents。
23．句意：社区里的人也会互相帮助。根据首字母及“…help each ther t learn. Peple in a cmmunity…ne anther, t.”可知，此处指社区中的人们互相帮助。help“帮助”，动词。时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语动词用其原形。故填(h)elp。
24．句意：他们经常帮助邻居解决各种各样的问题。根据首字母及“all kinds f prblems”可知，此处指解决问题。slve“解决”，动词。help sb. d sth.“帮助某人做某事”，动词用其原形。故填(s)lve。
25．句意：医生和护士会让他们感觉好些。根据首字母及“Fr example, smetimes peple d nt feel well”可知，人们感到不舒服时，医生和护士会让他们感觉好些。dctr“医生”，可数名词，此处应用其复数形式表泛指。故填(d)ctrs。
26．句意：他们可以帮助人们修理坏了的自行车或洗衣机。根据首字母及“their brken bicycles r washing machines”可知，此处指修理坏了的自行车或洗衣机。fix“修理”，动词。help sb. d sth.“帮助某人做某事”，动词用其原形。故填(f)ix。
27．句意：当人们不知道穿什么去参加聚会或如何设计他们的家时，艺术家会给他们一些建议。根据首字母及“the artists will give them sme…”可知，此处指艺术家会给出建议。advice“建议”，不可数名词，作动词宾语。故填(a)dvice。
28．句意：一些大学生在业余时间做志愿者。根据首字母及“Sme cllege students wrk as vlunteers in their…time.”可知，此处指大学生在业余时间做志愿者。spare“空闲的”，形容词，作定语修饰名词time。故填(s)pare。
29．句意：他们经常为老人打扫卫生，帮助学生做作业。根据首字母及“and help students with their…”可知，此处指大学生会帮助学生们做作业。hmewrk“作业”，不可数名词。故填(h)mewrk。
30．句意：它就像一个大家庭。根据首字母及“It is like a big…”可知，此处指社区就像一个大家庭。family“家庭”，可数名词，被a修饰，用其单数形式。故填(f)amily。
（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
Even thugh my grandfather was a farmer, my grandmther wuld irn his wrk clthes every day. Grandmther mixed up her wn starch (淀粉浆) in a glass b 31 with a metal cap that had several hles. She sprinkled Grandfather’s jeans with the starch, hung them ver a chair fr a few minutes, and then i 32 them.
Because I watched her d this thrugh my childhd, I thught every ld wman did it. But as the years passed, I began t questin this p 33 . Why did Grandfather need his wrk clthes irned? Mst days, he never saw anyne b 34 me and maybe a few ther farmers. The clthes became dirty in just a shrt time. Why did Grandmther s 35 devte time and effrt t irning Grandfather’s clthes that were rarely seen?
One day when I was abut 13, I asked Grandmther abut it. She tld me Grandfather was the mst handsme man in the wrld. Later that day, I lked c 36 at Grandfather. He sure didn’t lk s handsme t me. He was shrt and fat with false teeth (假牙). Later I tld her my thught.
She gave me a girlish smile and said, “Yu just aren’t lking in the right light, Cathy. I remember when he had r 37 teeth. He has the mst beautiful eyes I have ever seen. They are e 38 the same clr as the sky just befre the sun ges dwn. I want the wrld t see my h 39 as the mst beautiful man. I want him t feel beautiful. I irn his clthes every day because fr all these years, he has made me feel beautiful.”
The years went n, and I watched Grandmther and Grandfather grw ld tgether. I was prbably 30 when I u 40 what beauty really was. It was Grandmther irning Grandfather’s jeans with starch frm a glass bttle.
【答案】
31．(b)ttle 32．(i)rned 33．(p)ractice 34．(b)ut 35．(s)till 36．(c)arefully 37．(r)eal 38．(e)xactly 39．(h)usband 40．(u)nderstd
【导语】本文主要讲述了奶奶给爷爷熨烫衣服，在奶奶眼里，爷爷是世界上最帅气的人，很多年过后作者才真正明白真正的美是什么。
31．句意：祖母在一个有几个洞的金属盖的玻璃瓶里把自己的淀粉浆混合在一起。根据“It was Grandmther irning Grandfather’s jeans with starch frm a glass bttle.”可知是一个玻璃瓶，a后加可数名词单数bttle“瓶子”。故填(b)ttle。
32．句意：她在爷爷的牛仔裤上撒上淀粉，把它们挂在椅子上几分钟，然后熨好。 根据“my grandmther wuld irn his wrk clthes”可知奶奶给爷爷熨烫衣服，irn“熨烫”，本文时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(i)rned。
33．句意：但随着时间的推移，我开始质疑这种做法。根据“I thught every ld wman did it. But as the years passed, I began t questin this”可知作者开始怀疑熨烫衣服的通常的做法，this后加可数名词单数practice“常规”。故填(p)ractice。
34．句意：大多数时候，除了我和其他一些农民，他从来没有见过任何人。根据“he never saw and maybe a few ther farmers”可知是除了我和其他一些农民，他从来没有见过任何人，but“除了”。故填(b)ut。
35．句意：为什么祖母仍然花时间和精力为祖父熨很少见到的衣服？根据“devte time and effrt t irning Grandfather’s clthes that were rarely seen?”可知作者好奇为什么奶奶仍然花时间和精力为祖父熨很少见到的衣服，still“仍然”。故填(s)till。
36．句意：那天晚些时候，我仔细地看着爷爷。根据“ Grandfather”可知是仔细观察爷爷，修饰动词用副词carefully“认真地”。故填(c)arefully。
37．句意：我记得他长着真牙的时候。根据“He was shrt and fat with false teeth”可知现在爷爷戴着假牙，但是奶奶记得爷爷长着真牙的时候，修饰名词用形容词real“真的”。故填(r)eal。
38．句意：它们与太阳下山前的天空颜色完全相同。根据“the same clr as the sky just befre the sun ges dwn.”可知爷爷眼睛的颜色和太阳下山前的天空颜色完全相同，故此处用副词exactly“确切地”。故填(e)xactly。
39．句意：我想让全世界都把我的丈夫看作最美丽的男人。根据“as the mst beautiful man”可知奶奶想让全世界都把她的丈夫当作最漂亮的男人，husband“丈夫”。故填(h)usband。
40．句意：我大概30岁的时候才明白真正的美丽是什么。根据“what beauty really was”可知是理解真正的美丽是什么，understand“理解”，根据“was”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(u)nderstd。
(2023中考真题）
（2023·山东东营·统考中考真题）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
My parents gt Arthur’s Family Laundrmat (洗衣店) frm my grandfather. It was a true family business. My father, my mther and my aunt were respnsible fr different jbs. E 1 my retired (退休的) grandfather helps with the cleaning nw and then.
My father said that the mst imprtant machine in the Laundrmat wasn’t the washing machine. It was the cffee pt by the dr. The cffee was free and almst every c 2 wuld have a cup and chat with my family while waiting fr their clean clthes. In the hurs a 3 schl r n weekends, it was my jb t keep the cffee pt full. At least ten times each day, I wuld clean up the wet cffee grunds (咖啡渣), weigh 40 g f cffee beans, fill the pt with water, and turn n the cffee machine. It was such a b 4 jb that I culd have dne it in my sleep.
I remember cmplaining ne busy day. “W 5 d we have t give away cffee? We’re a Laundrmat, nt a cffee shp!” I said angrily. My father was surprised at my attitude. At nce he s 6 what he was ding t talk t me. With a patient but serius expressin n his f 7 he spke:
“Sn, peple chse ur laundrmat b 8 we serve them like friends. We ffer them a cup f cffee. We chat with them, laugh with them and cnnect with them. Peple dn’t just need a p 9 t clean their clthes. They need friendship. That is why yur jb is the mst imprtant jb in the laundrmat.”
My father’s wrds had the expected effect. Frm then n, I d the jb mre c 10 . After all, I had the mst imprtant jb in the laundrmat.
【答案】
(E)ven 2．(c)ustmer 3．(a)fter 4．(b)ring 5．(W)hy
6．(s)tpped 7．(f)ace 8．(b)ecause 9．(p)lace 10．(c)arefully
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者家的洗衣店提供免费咖啡，作者一开始向父亲抱怨，不明白为什么洗衣店要提供免费的咖啡，理解了父亲的意图之后，认真对待冲泡咖啡的工作。
1．句意：就连我退休的祖父也偶尔帮忙打扫。根据“It was a true family business.”及“my retired (退休的) grandfather helps with the cleaning nw and then.”可知，此处强调甚至退休的祖父也在帮忙打扫，even“甚至”，故填(E)ven。
2．句意：咖啡是免费的，几乎每个顾客都会在等待干净衣服的时候和我的家人喝一杯聊天。根据“waiting fr their clean clthes”可知，顾客在等待干净的衣服时会和作者的家人喝一杯咖啡，custmer“顾客”，根据every可知，此空应填单数名词，故填(c)ustmer。
3．句意：在放学后或周末的几个小时里，我的工作就是让咖啡壶保持满满的。根据“schl r n weekends”及首字母可知，此处指在放学后或在周末，after schl“放学后”，故填(a)fter。
4．句意：这是一件很无聊的工作，我睡觉的时候都能做。根据“jb that I culd have dne it in my sleep”及首字母可知，在睡觉的时候能做，说明它是一份很无聊的工作，bring“无聊的”，故填(b)ring。
5．句意：我们为什么要送咖啡？根据“We’re a Laundrmat, nt a cffee shp”可知，作者认为这是一个洗衣店而不是咖啡店，不懂为什么要送咖啡，故填(W)hy。
6．句意：他立刻停下手中的工作和我说话。根据“what he was ding t talk t me”及首字母可知，父亲停止了手里的工作，而来跟作者说话，stp“停止”，描述过去发生的事情，动词用过去式，故填(s)tpped。
7．句意：他脸上带着一种耐心而严肃的表情说。根据“With a patient but serius expressin n his”及首字母可知，脸上出现了一种耐心而严肃的表情，face“脸”，故填(f)ace。
8．句意：孩子，人们选择我们的洗衣店是因为我们像朋友一样服务他们。空格后“we serve them like friends”是解释人们选择作者家洗衣店的原因，故填(b)ecause。
9．句意：人们需要的不仅仅是洗衣服的地方。根据“Peple dn’t just need a … t clean their clthes.”及首字母可知，不需要仅仅是洗衣服的地方，place“地方”，根据a可知，此空应填单数形式，故填(p)lace。
10．句意：从那时起，我更认真地做这项工作。根据“After all, I had the mst imprtant jb in the laundrmat”可知，听到了父亲的一席话，作者工作得更加认真了，此处副词修饰动词，carefully“认真地”，故填(c)arefully。
（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文完整、通顺。
Ali has wrked and lived in Shandng Prvince fr almst six years. When his friends suggested g 11 t Rizha fr a tw-day trip, the first things that came int his mind were its beautiful beaches and nice seafd. Rizha certainly ges b 12 that! It is als “hmetwn f green tea” in nrthern China. Rizha l 13 in the sutheast f Shandng Prvince near the Yellw Sea. It has pleasant weather, rich sil, and enugh sunlight. All these make it s 14 fr grwing high-quality green tea. Ali had the chance t pick tea leaves fr the first time in his life. “This is the first time I’ve learned abut Chinese tea culture. It’s a new and exciting experience fr me. It’s fantastic!” Ali said with a smile n his f 15 .
【答案】11．(g)ing
12．(b)eynd 13．(l)ies
14．(s)pecial 15．(f)ace
【导语】本文介绍了阿里将去山东日照旅行，日照作为中国北方的“绿茶之乡”，其气候和地理位置非常适合种植高品质茶叶。
11．句意：当他的朋友建议去日照进行两天的旅行时，他首先想到的是日照美丽的海滩和美味的海鲜。根据首字母及“When his friends suggested…t Rizha fr a tw-day trip”可知，此处指去日照。g“去”，动词。suggest ding sth.“建议做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填(g)ing。
12．句意：日照当然不止于此！根据首字母及“its beautiful beaches and nice seafd”及“It is als ‘hmetwn f green tea’ in nrthern China.”可知，日照不仅有美丽的海滩、美味的海鲜，还被称为“绿茶之乡”，此处应为短语g beynd“超越”。故填(b)eynd。
13．句意：日照位于山东省东南部，濒临黄海。根据首字母及“Rizha…in the sutheast f Shandng Prvince”可知，此处介绍日照的地理位置。lie in“位于”。本句陈述事实，故为一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用其单三形式。故填(l)ies。
14．句意：所有这些都使它特别适合种植高品质的绿茶。根据首字母及“It has pleasant weather, rich sil, and enugh sunlight. All these make it…fr grwing high-quality green tea.”可知，日照的气候和地质使其特别适合种植高品质绿茶。special“特别的”，形容词，作宾补。故填(s)pecial。
15．句意：“这是我第一次了解中国茶文化。这对我来说是一次新的、激动人心的经历。太棒了！”阿里笑着说。根据首字母及“Ali said with a smile n his…”可知，阿里的脸上带着笑容。face“脸”，名词，由“his”可知，用其单数形式。故填(f)ace。
（2023·广东广州·统考中考真题）
阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。
Tday is Duanwu Jie, r Dragn Bat Festival, ne f the mst imprtant festivals in China. Chinese peple r 16 the great patritic pet (爱国诗人) Qu Yuan by rwing dragn bats and making zngzi n this day.
My village is famus fr its great prtectin f traditinal c 17 and we have the best dragn bat race team f the city. Every year, villagers raise ur dragn bats frm under the river abut a mnth befre the festival. And then it is c 18 cleaned and repainted. Our dragn bat is already 40 years ld. Made f a special kind f wd, it is still strng enugh t l 19 fr a lng time.
This year, my elder brther is accepted int ur dragn bat race team as its yungest member. He’s nly 18, and I’m s p 20 f him.
【答案】16．(r)emember 17．(c)ulture/(c)ustms 18．(c)arefully/(c)mpletely/(c)autiusly 19．(l)ast 20．(p)rud
【导语】本文主要介绍了端午节的庆祝活动以及作者村庄每年都会赛龙舟。
16．句意：中国人民在这一天划龙舟、包粽子，纪念伟大的爱国诗人屈原。根据“great patritic pet (爱国诗人) QuYuan by rwing dragn bats and making zngzi n this day.”可知是指人们通过这些方式纪念屈原，remember“纪念”，是动词，此处是描述事实，应用一般现在时，主语是peple，动词用原形，故填(r)emember。
17．句意：我的村庄以其对传统文化/习俗/仪式的保护而闻名，我们有全市最好的龙舟队。根据“My village is famus fr its great prtectin f traditinal”和首字母可知，此处可以指传统文化也可以指传统习俗。culture“文化”，此处是不可数名词；custm“习俗”，此处名词用复数。故填(c)ulture/(c)ustms。
18．句意：然后仔细/彻底/小心地清洗并重新粉刷。根据“Every year, villagers raise ur dragn bats frm under the river abut a mnth befre the festival.”可知每年端午节前一个月左右，村民们就会把龙舟从河底升起，结合首字母可知，然后应该是要仔细/彻底/小心地清洗并重新粉刷。carefully“仔细地”，cmpletely“完全地”，cautiusly“小心地”，副词修饰动词。故填(c)arefully/(c)mpletely/(c)autiusly。
19．句意：它由一种特殊的木材制成，仍然足够坚固，可以使用很长时间。根据“Made f a special kind f wd”可知龙舟是由一种特殊的木材制成，很坚固，可以持续使用很长时间。last“持续”，动词，空前有不定式符号，动词用原形，故填(l)ast。
20．句意：他才18岁，我为他感到骄傲。根据“This year, my elder brther is accepted int ur dragn bat race team as its yungest member”结合首字母可知，此处是固定短语be prud f“为……感到自豪”，故填(p)rud。
（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
Peter Pan wishes Wendy, Jhn and Michael, especially Wendy, wuld stay in Neverland frever, but finally the Darling children decide t fly back hme and grw up.
“Quick, Tink,” Peter whispers. “S 1 the windw. Then when Wendy cmes back, she will think her mther desn’t lve her anymre, and she will return t Neverland with me.”
Mrs. Darling is playing the pian. Peter didn’t knw the tune, Hme, Sweet Hme, b 2 he knws it’s saying, “Cme back, Wendy, Wendy, Wendy.” Peter lks thrugh the dr and sees tw big tears in Mrs. Darling’s eyes.
“She lves Wendy,” he thinks. “But I lve Wendy, t. We c 3 bth have her.”
He lks at Mrs. Darling again. The tw tears are still sitting n her e 4 .
“Oh, all right,” he says at last, sadly. Then he pens the windw.
When Wendy, Jhn, and Michael arrive, they find the windw 5 fr them. They all get int bed t surprise their mther.
When Mrs. Darling ges back t the children’s rm, they are all in their beds. They wait fr her t say smething, but she says n 6 . She thinks she is dreaming. She sits by the fire.
The children are s w 7 . Why isn’t their mther happy t see them again? All three f them jump ut f bed, run t her and shut, “Mther!” She realizes she is nt d 8 anymre. Mr. Darling and Nana cme in. They are all s happy. Peter w 9 them frm the windw but he is lking at smething he will never have.
Many years pass. When Peter visits Wendy again, she has g 10 up and has a daughter f her wn. Peter is still a by wh can’t grw up.
—Taken frm Peter Pan
【答案】
1．(S)hut 2．(b)ut 3．(c)an’t 4．(e)yes 5．()pen 6．(n)thing 7．(w)rried 8．(d)reaming 9．(w)atches 10．(g)rwn
【导语】本文出自文学作品《彼得·潘》，讲述了小飞侠彼得·潘决定把朋友送回家的故事。
1．句意：关上窗户。根据“S... the windw”可知，彼得想关上窗户，shut“关闭”符合语境，祈使句用动词原形开头。故填(S)hut。
2．句意：彼得不知道《家，甜蜜的家》这首曲子，但他知道它在说：“回来吧，温蒂，温蒂。”。根据“Peter didn’t knw”和“he knws”可知，前后是转折关系，用but连接。故填(b)ut。
3．句意：我们不可能都拥有她。根据“She lves Wendy”和“But I lve Wendy, t.”可知，他们都爱温蒂，但不能同时拥有她，can’t“不能”符合语境。故填(c)an’t。
4．句意：那两滴眼泪仍然留在她的眼睛上。根据“tw tears”可知，眼泪仍然留在她的眼睛上，eye“眼睛”，用复数。故填(e)yes。
5．句意：当温蒂、约翰和迈克尔到达时，他们发现窗户为他们打开了。根据“Then he pens the windw.”可知，窗户是开着的，pen“打开的”，形容词作宾补。故填()pen。
6．句意：他们等她说什么，但她什么也没说。根据“They wait fr her t say smething, but…”可知，她什么也没说，不定代词nthing“什么都没有”符合语境。故填(n)thing。
7．句意：孩子们很担心。根据“Why isn’t their mther happy t see them again?”可知，孩子们是担心的，wrried“担心的”，形容词作表语。故填(w)rried。
8．句意：她意识到自己不是在做梦了。根据“All three f them jump ut f bed, run t her and shut, ‘Mther!’ ”可知，孩子们去喊妈妈，让她知道自己没有在做梦，孩子们真的回来了，dream“做梦”，用现在分词形式与is构成现在进行时。故填(d)reaming。
9．句意：彼得从窗户看着他们，但他看到的是他永远不会拥有的东西。根据“but he is lking at smething he will never have.”可知，彼得在看着他们，watch“看，注视”符合语境，时态为一般现在时，主语是“Peter”，动词用三单。故填(w)atches。
10．句意：当彼得再次拜访温蒂时，她已经长大了，有了自己的女儿。根据“Many years pass.”可知，温蒂长大了，grw up“长大”，固定短语，grw用过去分词形式与has构成现在完成时。故填(g)rwn。
（2023·天津·统考中考真题）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
A smile shws that a persn is happy. Fr example, a persn may smile when he r she is p 11 with sme prgress in studies. Or a persn may smile if a friend tells a funny jke. There are ther gd r 12 t smile ften.
First, it is e 13 t smile than t shw unhappiness. In fact, it nly takes 17 muscles (肌肉) t smile. On the ther hand, it takes 43 muscles t shw unhappiness. S give the muscles in yur f 14 a rest and smile!
Secnd, smiles are nice. Peple may try t l 15 nice by exercising r wearing nice clthes. Hwever, peple ften say a smile is the best thing a persn can wear. That is because it is easy t be a 16 smene wh is smiling and happy. Almst n ne wants t stay with smene wh is always unhappy.
Third, smiles have pwer (感染力). Bth smiling and laughing can easily and quickly s 17 frm ne persn t anther. If ne persn smiles, peple arund him r her want t smile, t. Similarly, when a persn laughs, peple tend (往往会) t laugh with him r her. If a persn is s 18 , the best thing t d is t share a smile r a laugh. It is the easiest way t cheer smene up.
F 19 , smiling and laughing are very gd fr the bdy. Even thugh yu are sad, try smiling. Yu’ll find that it will be difficult t s 20 sad fr very lng!
【答案】
11．(p)leased 12．(r)easns 13．(e)asier 14．(f)ace 15．(l)k 16．(a)rund 17．(s)pread 18．(s)ad 19．(F)inally 20．(s)tay
【导语】本文主要介绍了对别人微笑的好处。
11．句意：例如，当一个人对学习上的进步感到满意时，他或她可能会微笑。be pleased with“对……感到满意”，此处指对学习上的进步感到满意。故填(p)leased。
12．句意：还有其他的好理由经常微笑。根据下文内容及首字母r可知下文中介绍了微笑的理由，reasn“理由，原因”，ther后接名词复数。故填(r)easns。
13．句意：首先，微笑比表现不开心更容易。根据“In fact, it nly takes 17 muscles t smile. On the ther hand, it takes 43 muscles t shw unhappiness.”可知微笑比表现不开心更容易，is后接easy的比较级easier表示“更容易的”。故填(e)asier。
14．句意：所以，让你脸上的肌肉休息一下，微笑吧！根据“In fact, it nly takes 17 muscles t smile. On the ther hand, it takes 43 muscles t shw unhappiness.”可推出此处用的是脸部肌肉，结合首字母f可知用face表示“脸”。故填(f)ace。
15．句意：人们可能会通过锻炼或穿漂亮的衣服来使自己看起来漂亮。根据“by exercising r wearing nice clthes”可知做这些是为了看起来漂亮，lk“看起来”，不定式符号t后用动词原形，构成不定式。故填(l)k。
16．句意：这是因为我们很容易和一个微笑和快乐的人在一起。根据“Almst n ne wants t stay with smene wh is always unhappy.”可知待在爱笑的人周围很容易，用arund表示“在……周围”。故填(a)rund。
17．句意：微笑和大笑都能轻易而迅速地从一个人传播到另一个人。根据“frm ne persn t anther”可知此处指从人到人的传播，spread“传播”，can后用动词原形。故填(s)pread。
18．句意：如果一个人悲伤，最好的办法就是分享一个微笑或大笑。根据“It is the easiest way t cheer smene up.”可知要使难过的人高兴起来，is后接形容词sad表示“难过的”。故填(s)ad。
19．句意：最后，微笑和大笑对身体很好。根据“First ... Secnd ... Third ...”及首字母F可知此处用Finally表示“最后”。故填(F)inally。
20．句意：你会发现保持悲伤很长时间是很困难的！根据“fr very lng”可知此处指长时间保持悲伤，stay“保持，停留”。故填(s)tay。
（2023·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）
根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。
The traditinal Chinese lunar calendar has 24 slar terms (节气) in a year. Ancient Chinese peple created this system t m 21 the change f time based n the sun’s psitin. In ancient times, this system guided farming activities. It t 22 farmers what t d accrding t the changes in temperature. Tday, 24 slar terms still play an imprtant rle in Chinese peple’s e 23 life. They remind peple f the changes in s 24 and t eat suitable fd. This ancient time system has gained new charm nw. In Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, the directr used a new cuntdwn (倒计时) methd, shwing 24 slar terms instead f numbers. This creative methd was greatly p 25 by peple arund the wrld. They are amazed by the wisdm f Chinese peple.
【答案】21．(m)ark 22．(t)ld 23．(e)veryday 24．(s)easns 25．(p)raised
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国古人创造的24节气以及这个古老的时间系统带来的新的魅力。
21．句意：中国古人创造这个系统是为了根据太阳的位置来标记时间的变化。根据“Ancient Chinese peple created this system t change f time based n the sun’s psitin.”可知24节气是为了根据太阳的位置来标记时间的变化，mark“标记”，动词，空前有不定式符号t，动词用原形，故填(m)ark。
22．句意：它告诉农民根据温度的变化做什么。根据“farmers what t d accrding t the changes in temperature”可知24个节气可以告诉农民根据温度的变化来做事情，tell“告诉”，此处是说在古代的时候，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(t)ld。
23．句意：今天，24节气在中国人的日常生活中仍然扮演着重要的角色。根据“play an imprtant rle in Chinese peple’s ”可知是指日常生活，应用everyday life。故填(e)veryday。
24．句意：他们提醒人们季节的变化和吃合适的食物。根据“They remind peple f the changes in s...”可知是指季节的变化，seasn“季节”，可数名词，此处应用复数，故填(s)easns。
25．句意：这种创造性的方法受到了全世界人民的极大赞扬。根据“They are amazed by the wisdm f Chinese peple.”以及空处单词的首字母可知，这种创造性的方法被全世界人们赞扬。praise“赞扬”，动词，和主语之间是被动关系，所以动词用过去分词，故填(p)raised。