北京市通州区高三上学期期末英语试题（解析版）-A4

这是一份北京市通州区高三上学期期末英语试题（解析版）-A4，共20页。试卷主要包含了5分,共15分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分:知识运用(共两节,30分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)
Zhang Yupeng, nce a “ trubled” yuth, wn the gld medal at the 47th Wrld Skills Cmpetitin in France.
In 2018, things ____1____ when he saw lder students crafting delicate, sparkling jewelry. The prcess f designing and crafting jewelry with precius metals grabbed his interest, ____2____ him t chse jewelry design as his path.
Hwever, because Zhang had been inattentive t his studies befre, he had t start frm the beginning. He spent ____3____ hurs building his skills, practicing everything frm drawing and cutting t welding (焊接) and plishing. “I dn’t even remember hw many sheets f paper I used, hw many pens I wre ut, r hw many failed pieces I made,” he said. His ____4____ finally wke his inbrn talent, enabling him t quickly master imprtant skills and get them dwn t a fine art. “Every time I create a piece, I feel like I’m having a cnversatin. That cnnectin with art brings me immense jy, The sense f happiness is indescribable, especially when inspiratin strikes, r when a piece is ____5____plished,” he says, His wrk began t gain recgnitin at varius events.
Zhang ___6___ his prgress t all the setbacks he encuntered, and t weaknesses he discvered during each cmpetitin. He ____7____ remembers his instructr telling him that results were secndary, and what was imprtant was t bserve the differences between himself and thers, identify any issues, and think abut hw t imprve. T him, there’s n shrtcut ____8____ hard wrk t make it int the tp arena (竞技舞台).
Zhang is nw passing n his experience t yunger students as a tutr “If my experience is any ____9____, yung peple shuld find what they are passinate abut and understand that nly with hard wrk can they realize their ____10____ in their chsen field,” he said.
1. A. ccurredB. passedC. appearedD. changed
2. A. frcingB. guidingC. inspiringD. cnvincing
3. A. happyB. limitedC. cuntlessD. precius
4. A. effrtB. cnfidenceC. ambitinD. curage
5. A. quicklyB. perfectlyC. carefullyD. immediately
6. A. matchesB. relatesC. cmparesD. wes
7. A. clearlyB. suddenlyC. prudlyD. ccasinally
8. A. in spite fB. apart frmC. due tD. in terms f
9. A. referenceB. evidenceC. influenceD. cnvenience
10. A. visinB. featureC. valueD. impact
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了张玉鹏从一个“问题少年”到在世界技能大赛上获得金牌的转变过程。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2018年，当他看到年长的学生制作精致、闪闪发光的珠宝时，情况发生了变化。A. ccurred发生；B. passed通过；C. appeared出现；D. changed改变。根据前文“Zhang Yupeng, nce a “ trubled” yuth”以及后文“chse jewelry design as his path.”可知，张玉鹏原来是问题少年，但是当他看到年长的学生制作精致、闪闪发光的珠宝时，他选择了珠宝设计作为自己的道路，所以是情况发生了变化。故选D项。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：用贵金属设计和制作珠宝的过程引起了他的兴趣，激励他选择珠宝设计作为自己的道路。A. frcing强迫；B. guiding引导；C. inspiring激励；D. cnvincing说服。根据前文“The prcess f designing and crafting jewelry with precius metals grabbed his interest”可知，用贵金属设计和制作珠宝的过程引起了他的兴趣，所以是激励他选择珠宝设计作为自己的道路。故选C项。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他花了无数个小时来培养自己的技能，从绘画、切割到焊接和抛光，他都在练习。A. happy快乐的；B. limited有限的；C. cuntless无数的；D. precius珍贵的。根据后文“I dn’t even remember hw many sheets f paper I used, hw many pens I wre ut, r hw many failed pieces I made”可知，他自己都不记得练习了多久，所以是他花了无数个小时来培养自己的技能。故选C项。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的努力终于唤醒了他天生的才能，使他能够迅速掌握重要的技能，并将其转化为一门精美的艺术。A. effrt努力；B. cnfidence信心；C. ambitin野心；D. curage勇气。根据前文“I dn’t even remember hw many sheets f paper I used, hw many pens I wre ut, r hw many failed pieces I made”可知，张玉鹏付出了巨大努力。故选A项。
【5题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“每次创作一件作品时，我都感觉自己像是在与人对话。那种与艺术之间的联结给我带来了无比的快乐。这种幸福感难以言表，尤其是在灵感迸发，或者一件作品被打磨得尽善尽美的时候，”他说道。他的作品开始在各种活动中获得认可。A. quickly快速地；B. perfectly完美地；C. carefully仔细地；D. immediately立即。根据前文“The sense f happiness is indescribable”可知，应是一件作品被打磨得尽善尽美的时候，才会让人感到幸福。故选B项。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：张把他的进步归功于他遇到的所有挫折，以及他在每次比赛中发现的弱点。A. matches匹配；B. relates关联；C. cmpares比较；D. wes归功于。根据后文“his prgress t all the setbacks he encuntered, and t weaknesses he discvered during each cmpetitin.”可知，此处应是“把他的进步归功于他遇到的所有挫折，以及他在每次比赛中发现的弱点”之意，符合语境。故选D项。
【7题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他清楚地记得他的老师告诉他，结果是次要的，重要的是观察自己和他人之间的差异，找出任何问题，并考虑如何改进。A. clearly清晰地；B. suddenly突然地；C. prudly自豪地；D. ccasinally偶尔。根据后文“remembers his instructr telling him that results were secndary, and what was imprtant was t bserve the differences between himself and thers, identify any issues, and think abut hw t imprve.”结合选项可知，应是清楚地记得老师的话，符合语境。故选A项。
【8题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：对他来说，要想登上顶级舞台，除了努力，没有捷径可走。A. in spite f尽管；B. apart frm除了；C. due t由于；D. in terms f就……而言。根据前文“there’s n shrtcut”可知，此处表达“除了努力，没有捷径可走”之意。故选B项。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说：“如果我的经历有什么参考价值的话，年轻人应该找到自己的激情所在，并且明白只有努力工作才能在自己选择的领域实现自己的价值。”A. reference参考；B. evidence证据；C. influence影响；D. cnvenience便利。根据后文“yung peple shuld find what they are passinate abut and understand that nly with hard wrk can they realize their 10 in their chsen field”可知，这是张的人生经验，是给其他年轻人的参考。故选A项。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说：“如果我的经历有什么参考价值的话，年轻人应该找到自己的激情所在，并且明白只有努力工作才能在自己选择的领域实现自己的价值。”A. visin愿景；B. feature特征；C. value价值；D. impact影响。结合前文内容可知，张玉鹏本来是一个问题青年，但是在找到自己的激情所后，他通过努力练习自己的技能，获得了法国第47届世界技能大赛上获得金牌，实现了自己的价值。故选C项。
第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
The Spring Festival was inscribed n the UNESCO Representative List f the Intangible Cultural Heritage f Humanity. China will take this pprtunity t hld varius frms f Spring Festival celebratin activities glbally. These activities,___11___are expected t be participated in by peple frm different cuntries, will make the Spring Festival a happy time fr peple all ver the wrld t enjy and share tgether. S far, nearly 20 cuntries in the wrld___12___(set) the Lunar New Year as an fficial hliday, and abut ne fifth f the glbal ppulatin celebrate it in different frms. This shws___13___ppular the Spring Festival is arund the wrld.
【答案】11. which
12. have set
13. hw
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了春节被列入联合国教科文组织《人类非物质文化遗产代表名录》。中国将借此机会在全球举办形式多样的春节庆祝活动。
【11题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这些活动预计将有来自不同国家人们参加，将使春节成为全世界人民共同享受和分享的快乐时光。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“These activities”指物，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词 which。故填which。
【12题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，世界上已有近20个国家将农历新年定为法定假日，全球约五分之一人口以不同的方式庆祝农历新年，可见春节在世界各地是多么受欢迎。“S far”表示“到目前为止”，是现在完成时的标志词。现在完成时的结构为 “have/has + 过去分词”，句子主语“nearly 20 cuntries”是复数，助动词用 have，“set” 的过去分词是“set”。故填have set。
【13题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：到目前为止，世界上已有近20个国家将农历新年定为法定假日，全球约五分之一的人口以不同的方式庆祝农历新年，可见春节在世界各地是多么受欢迎。分析句子可，此句中“shws”后是一个宾语从句，根据句子结构和意思，这里应该用hw 引导，构成“hw + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语”的结构，表示“多么……”。故填hw。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
At the 13th “Tali Cup” Natinal Dancing Educatin Shwcase f China, held n December 19 t 20, 2023, yung perfrmers frm Xizang ___14___ (leave) the audience in awe. Dressed in traditinal clthing, they skillfully danced ___15___ the rhythm f the dramyin, a traditinal musical instrument. Their versin f the Guzhuang and the Xianzi dances was seamlessly (无缝地) integrated with elements f mdern street dance styles. This integratin created a ___16___ (surprising) harmnius blend that appealed t the audience.
【答案】14. left
15. t 16. surprisingly
【解析】
【导语】本文是新闻报道。报道了在2023年12月19日至20日举办的第十三届“桃李杯”全国舞蹈教育教学成果展示活动中，来自西藏的年轻表演者的精彩表现。
【14题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在 2023 年 12 月 19 日至 20 日举办的第十三届“桃李杯”全国舞蹈教育教学成果展示活动中，来自西藏的年轻表演者令观众惊叹不已。leave作本句谓语，根据时间状语December 19 t 20, 2023可知，用一般过去时。故填left。
【15题详解】
考查介词。句意：身着传统服饰的他们，随着扎念琴（一种传统乐器）的节奏娴熟起舞。此处是固定搭配：dance t the rhythm意为“随着节奏跳舞”。故填t。
【16题详解】
考查副词。句意：这种融合创造了一种令人惊讶的和谐融合，吸引了观众。空处修饰空后的形容词，用副词。故填surprisingly。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
A city walk is a frm f urban turism ____17____ (riginate) in the U.K., with a strng emphasis n digging deep int the city’s histry, culture and landscapes. The appeal f a city walk ____18____ (lie) in many aspects. Mst bviusly, the yung generatin gradually change their attitude tward life, pursuing quality leisure time while being ccupied with demanding wrklads, with ____19____ (limit) time fr explratin. City walks will becme a huge trend because they have peple abandn the tense tick-ff-spts style f travel ____20____ (pursue) a deep theme-riented tur that integrates persnal thinking and aesthetic (美学) preferences,
【答案】17. riginating
18. lies 19. limited
20. t pursue
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了“城市漫步”（city walk）这一城市旅游形式，包括其起源、特点以及吸引力所在。
【17题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：城市漫步（city walk）是一种起源于英国的城市旅游形式，强调深入挖掘城市的历史、文化和景观。本句已有谓语动词is，所以riginate用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语urban turism之间是主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语。故填riginating。
【18题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：城市漫步的吸引力体现在很多方面。lie作本句谓语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The appeal为第三人称单数。故填lies。
【19题详解】
考查形容词。句意：最明显的是，年轻一代逐渐改变了他们的生活态度，在被繁重的工作所占据的同时，追求高质量的休闲时间，只有有限的时间去探索。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，limit和time之间是被动关系，用-ed形式。故填limited。
【20题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：城市漫步将成为一种巨大的趋势，因为它让人们放弃紧张的定点旅行方式，转而追求一种融合了个人思维和审美偏好的深度主题游。本句已有谓语动词have，所以pursue用非谓语形式，根据句意，此处表目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填t pursue。
第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,38分)
第一节 语法填空 (共14小题;每小题2分,共 28分)
A
With the arrival f digital technlgy, digital libraries nw have a wealth f free resurces, making infrmatin easily accessible at n cst. Knwing where t search helps yu t uncver a diverse arrangement f free e-bks, audi-bks and ther nline materials.
Internet Archive
The Internet Archive, pssibly the largest digital library, huses a treasure f ver 36 millin e bks, alngside 778 billin web pages and millins f vides, cncerts, audi files and sftware prgrams. Acting as a digital time machine, it preserves unique items frm the1990s and earlier, E-bks are carefully rganized by categry, cllectin, authr, tpic, r year. Users can rate and review bks and even uplad their wn media after registratin.
Open Library
Sign up fr Open Library t brrw and read millins f free e-bks. Brwse multiple genres(文体), filter results by subject r authr, and search fr specific titles. Yu can als preview and “ brrw” randm e-bks. Registered users can create custm reading lists and add new bks. The platfrm ffers bth e-bks and audi-bks, satisfying all preferences.
Smashwrds
Unlike ther digital libraries featuring timeless classics, Smashwrds stands ut by highlighting independent authrs and new releases. Yu can read e-bks nline r dwnlad them in PDF and EPUB. Persnalize yur search by selecting free bks and chsing lengths frm under 20,000 t ver 100,000 wrds.
ManyBks
Manybks hlds ver 50,000 e-bks acrss diversities f genres and categries. Yu can narrw dwn yur searches by genre, language and rating. Each e bk page indicates its availability fr free dwnlad r nline reading. Detailed descriptins, authr infrmatin and summaries help yu make sund selectins. Each e-bk cmes with an extensive descriptin f the stry and the authr, as well as a bk summary t understand the bk yu are cnsidering.
21. Which library allws readers t uplad their wn digital materials?
A. Open Library.B. Smashwrds.C. ManyBks.D. Internet Archive.
22. Bth Open Library and ManyBks ffer_______.
A. free sftware prgramsB. multiple e-bk genres
C. individualized reading listsD. detailed authrs’ infrmatin
23. Where is the passage mst likely chsen frm?
A. A guide n hw t brrw e-bks.
B. An intrductin f the benefits f digital libraries.
C. A review f varius digital platfrms fr free resurces.
D. An instructin n hw t uplad cntents t nline libraries
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几个免费的数字图书馆。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Internet Archive”部分中的“Users can rate and review bks and even uplad their wn media after registratin.(用户可以对书籍进行评分和评论，甚至在注册后上传自己的媒体。)”可知，互联网档案馆允许读者上传自己的数字资料。故选D项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Open Library”部分提到“Brwse multiple genres(文体), filter results by subject r authr, and search fr specific titles.(浏览多种类型，按主题或作者过滤结果，并搜索特定的标题。)”以及“ManyBks”部分提到“Manybks hlds ver 50,000 e-bks acrss diversities f genres and categries.(Manybks拥有超过5万本不同类型和类别的电子书。)”可知，这两个图书馆都提供多种电子书类型。故选B项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“With the arrival f digital technlgy, digital libraries nw have a wealth f free resurces, making infrmatin easily accessible at n cst. Knwing where t search helps yu t uncver a diverse arrangement f free e-bks, audi-bks and ther nline materials.(随着数字技术的到来，数字图书馆现在拥有丰富的免费资源，使信息易于免费获取。知道在哪里搜索可以帮助你找到各种各样的免费电子书、有声书和其他在线材料)”文章主要介绍了几个提供免费资源的数字图书馆，包括它们的特色、资源种类等，属于对各种免费资源数字平台的介绍和评论，由此可推知，这篇文章最有可能选自各种免费资源的数字平台综述。故选C项。
B
Tara grew up in a remte muntain regin f Idah, where her family led an uncnventinal lifestyle, aviding mdern sciety. Frmal educatin was frwned upn, and Tara spent her childhd wrking alngside her parents mixing herbs with her mther and helping her father in his scrapyard(废料场). Bks were rare in their hme, and Tara's learning was limited t what her parents chse t teach.
As Tara grew lder, she became aware f the wrld beynd her family's islated hme. Her curisity abut educatin deepened. At the age f 16, she decided t change her life and pursue frmal learning, a decisin that created tensin within her family. With n frmal schling, Tara taught herself basic subjects, ften studying late int the night. When she finally gained admissin t cllege, she faced enrmus challenges: she struggled t keep up with classmates and ften dubted her ability t succeed.
Cllege life was nt easy. With n frmal schling backgrund, she had t teach herself everything frm basic math t histry, it was a jurney filled with bstacles and mments f self-dubt, The idea f sitting in a cllege classrm seemed almst impssible. Yet, she persevered, driven by a desire t understand and grw.
Entering cllege, Tara faced nt nly academic challenges but deep-seated fears frm her upbringing. Every classrm discussin seemed verwhelming, every histrical fact she hadn’t learned made her feel ut f place. But Tara fund teachers wh believed in her ptential. They guided her, and she started t see herself as mre than her past. Over time, Tara's endurance paid ff. She earned a dctrate at Cambridge, transfrming her life and redefining what was pssible.
Lking back, Tara realized her jurney was nt just abut gaining knwledge it was abut facing challenges bravely and having the curage t redefine wh she really was.
24. What prevented Tara frm frmal educatin during her childhd?
A. Her yung age.B. Her lack f interest.C. Her parents’ attitude.D. Her heavy wrklad.
25. What mtivated Tara t seek an educatin?
A. Pressure frm her life.B. Desire fr knwledge.
C. Tensin within her family.D. Encuragement frm her parents.
26. What challenge did Tara face when she started cllege?
A. She struggled with making friends.
B. She had never attended schl befre.
C. She had difficulty adjusting t the urban envirnment.
D. She faced financial difficulties in paying fr cllege tuitin.
27. What can be learned frm Tara's stry?
A. Family supprt guarantees success.
B. Pursuing educatin is easy fr everyne
C. Islatin helps individuals achieve their gals.
D. Overcming difficulties leads t persnal grwth.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Tara成长于爱达荷州偏远山区，在父母反对正规教育的环境下度过童年。长大后她出于对知识的渴望决定追求教育，凭借自学进入大学，克服了没有正规学校教育背景等诸多困难，最终在剑桥获得博士学位，实现了自我成长和蜕变的故事。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Frmal educatin was frwned upn, and Tara spent her childhd wrking alngside her parents mixing herbs with her mther and helping her father in his scrapyard (废料场). Bks were rare in their hme, and Tara's learning was limited t what her parents chse t teach.(正规教育不被认可，塔拉童年时期和父母一起劳作，和母亲一起调配草药，在父亲的废料场帮忙。他们家很少有书，塔拉的学习仅限于父母选择教给她的东西)”可推知，她父母对正规教育的态度阻碍了塔拉在童年时期接受正规教育。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“As Tara grew lder, she became aware f the wrld beynd her family's islated hme. Her curisity abut educatin deepened.At the age f 16, she decided t change her life and pursue frmal learning(随着塔拉逐渐长大，她意识到了自家与世隔绝的家之外的世界。她对教育的好奇心愈发强烈。16岁时，她决定改变自己的生活，追求正规教育)”可知，对知识的渴望促使塔拉去寻求教育。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“With n frmal schling backgrund, she had t teach herself everything frm basic math t histry, it was a jurney filled with bstacles and mments f self-dubt, The idea f sitting in a cllege classrm seemed almst impssible.(由于没有正规的学校教育背景，她不得不自学从基础数学到历史的所有知识，这是一段充满障碍和自我怀疑的历程，坐在大学教室里的想法似乎几乎是不可能的)”可知，塔拉刚上大学时面临的挑战是她以前从未接受过学校教育。故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。文章讲述了塔拉克服重重困难，包括父母不支持正规教育、自身没有学校教育背景等，最终取得成功的故事。根据最后一段“Lking back, Tara realized her jurney was nt just abut gaining knwledge it was abut facing challenges bravely and having the curage t redefine wh she really was.(回首往事，塔拉意识到她的这段经历不仅仅是关于获取知识，更是关于勇敢面对挑战，并有勇气重新定义真正的自己)”可推知，从塔拉的故事中我们能学到克服困难会带来个人成长。故选D。
C
Generative Al Is Likely t Wrsen the E-Waste Crisis
Every time generative artificial intelligence drafts an e-mail r creates an image the planet pays fr it. Making tw images can cnsume as much energy as charging a smartphne, a single exchange with ChatGPT can heat up a server s much that it requires a bttle's wrth f water t cl. By 2027, the glbal AI sectr culd annually cnsume as much electricity as the Netherlands. A study in Nature Cmputatinal Science identifies anther cncern? AI's cntributin t the munting heap f electrnic waste. Generative Al applicatins alne culd add 1.2 millin t 5 millin metric tns f e-waste by 2030.
This wuld add t the millins f tns f electrnic prducts: the glbe gets rid f annually. Cell phnes, cmputers, and ther digital prducts ften cntain mercury (汞) lead, r ther txins. If thrwn away imprperly, they can cntaminate air, water, and sil. In 2022, the UN fund that abut 78% f the wrld's e-waste ended up in landfills r unfficial recycling sites, where labrers risk their health t cllect rare metals.
AI rapidly cnsumes physical data strage devices and high-perfrmance cmpnents which last nly tw t five years but are replaced quickly as newer versins emerge. Asaf Tzachr, a researcher at Reichman University, emphasizes the imprtance f mnitring
and reducing AI's envirnmental impacts.
Tzachr's study examined the vlume f hardware used fr large language mdels and its lifespan. It predicts that the adptin f generative Al culd increase e-waste, althugh hardware innvatins might help reduce this. Meanwhile, technlgical advances culd make Al system mre accessible, increasing their use.
This study's main cntributin is highlighting AI's envirnmental cnsequences. Researchers like Shalei Ren frm UC Riverside suggest that Al cmpanies shuld slw their pace t minimize these effects.
Currently, few cuntries have strict e-waste dispsal laws. In the U.S., there's n federal requirement fr recycling electrnics, althugh sme states have plicies. A new bill, the Artificial Intelligence Envirnmental Impacts Act f 2024, aims t address AI's envirnmental impact but lacks cmpulsry reprting frm cmpanies. Micrsft and Ggle, hwever, have cmmitted t reaching net-zer waste and emissins by 2030.
T limit e-waste, cmpanies can extend the life f their servers thrugh" regular maintenance r repurpse ld hardware, which can reduce waste by 42%. Mre efficient design culd cut the demand fr hardware and energy, ptentially reducing e-waste by 86%.
28. The phrase “the munting heap” underlined in Paragraph 1 prbably means_______？
A. grwing amunt.B. effective recycling.C. fast cnsumptin.D. practical applicatin.
29. Accrding t Asaf Tzachr, _______is likely t cntribute t the grwth f AI-related e-waste.
A. the use f the rare metals.
B. the imprvement in language mdels.
C. the increasing accessibility f Al technlgy.
D. the reductin in the number f hardware cmpnents.
30. What is implied abut the U.S, federal law n e-waste management?
A It is inadequate due t the lack f enfrcement.
B. It is effective in ensuring prper dispsal f e-waste.
C. It has recently been updated t include Al regulatins.
D. It frces cmpanies t reprt their e-waste dispsal practices.
31. What is the authr's purpse in writing this article?
A. T shwcase AI's ptential fr reducing e-waste.
B. T explain the mechanisms behind Al technlgy.
C. T highlight the urgency f reducing AI's envirnmental impact.
D. T analyze the pssibilities f lessening AI's envirnmental ftprint.
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. A 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了生成式人工智能在运行过程中会消耗大量能源，其应用可能会在 2030 年前增加 120 万到 500 万吨的电子垃圾，从而加剧电子垃圾危机。文章还提到电子垃圾若处理不当会污染环境，以及目前各国在电子垃圾处理方面的法律现状和减少电子垃圾的一些措施。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“By 2027, the glbal AI sectr culd annually cnsume as much electricity as the Netherlands. A study in Nature Cmputatinal Science identifies anther cncern? AI's cntributin t the munting heap f electrnic waste. Generative Al applicatins alne culd add 1.2 millin t 5 millin metric tns f e-waste by 2030. (到 2027 年，全球人工智能行业每年消耗的电量可能会与荷兰每年的耗电量相当。《自然・计算科学》的一项研究发现了另一个问题：人工智能对the munting heap的电子垃圾的 “贡献”。仅生成式人工智能应用一项，到 2030 年就可能增加 120 万至 500 万吨电子垃圾。)”可知，随着人工智能的发展，其产生的电子垃圾数量在不断增长，“the munting heap” 意思是 “不断增加的数量”。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Asaf Tzachr, a researcher at Reichman University, emphasizes the imprtance f mnitring and reducing AI's envirnmental impacts. (雷希曼大学的研究员阿萨夫・察乔尔强调了监测和减少人工智能对环境影响的重要性。)”以及根据第四段 “Meanwhile, technlgical advances culd make Al system mre accessible, increasing their use. (与此同时，技术进步可能会使人工智能系统更易于使用，从而增加其使用量。)”可推知，察乔尔认为人工智能技术更易于使用会导致其使用量增加，进而可能会增加与人工智能相关的电子垃圾。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Currently, few cuntries have strict e-waste dispsal laws. In the U.S., there's n federal requirement fr recycling electrnics, althugh sme states have plicies. A new bill, the Artificial Intelligence Envirnmental Impacts Act f 2024, aims t address AI's envirnmental impact but lacks cmpulsry reprting frm cmpanies. (目前，很少有国家有严格的电子垃圾处理法律。在美国，没有联邦层面关于回收电子产品的要求，尽管一些州有相关政策。一项新的法案，即 2024 年的《人工智能环境影响法案》，旨在解决人工智能对环境的影响，但缺乏对公司的强制报告要求。)”可推知，美国联邦在电子垃圾管理方面的法律存在不足，因为缺乏强制执行力。故选A。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章整体内容，尤其是最后一段 “T limit e-waste, cmpanies can extend the life f their servers thrugh" regular maintenance r repurpse ld hardware, which can reduce waste by 42%. Mre efficient design culd cut the demand fr hardware and energy, ptentially reducing e-waste by 86%. (为了限制电子垃圾，公司可以通过定期维护来延长服务器的使用寿命，或者对旧硬件进行重新利用，这可以减少 42% 的垃圾。更高效的设计可以减少对硬件和能源的需求，有可能减少 86% 的电子垃圾。)”可知，文章开篇指出生成式人工智能每次运行都会消耗能源并产生电子垃圾，接着阐述了电子垃圾处理不当的危害、人工智能相关电子垃圾增加的原因，还提到了目前电子垃圾管理法律的不足以及减少电子垃圾的方法等内容。所以作者写这篇文章的目的是强调减少人工智能对环境影响的紧迫性。故选C。
D
We humans have a natural tendency t exaggerate ur psitive qualities, and cmpare urselves favrably with thers, which is called “self-enhancement effect”. Famusly, back in the 1980s, researchers shwed that up t 80 percent f mtrists cnsidered themselves t have abve-average driving skills. If yu’re a regular driver, yu have t knw that this cannt be true even if yu persist in believing it abut yurself.
One reasn fr this tendency is that it acts as prtectin against the mental pain that cmes frm negative cmparisns with thers. Neurscientists writing in the Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences in 2013 used fMRI and PET scans t shw that feeling superir t thers bsts dpamine (多巴胺) release, which in turn suppresses (抑制) activity in parts f the brain assciated with psychlgical discmfrt.
Hwever, althugh self-enhancement feels gd in the shrt term, it is nt a lng-term slutin t life’s prblems, Sner r later, yu’re bund t be cnfrnted with a painful adjustment t the truth. Fr instance, researchers writing in the Jurnal f Persnality and Scial Psychlgy shwed that when cllege, students held an verestimated view f their wn academic ability, it enhanced their md and psitive effect — that is, they enjyed happier feelings. But the illusin ( 幻觉) f superirity did nt translate int better academic perfrmance. In fact, the students tended t fail at their academic expectatins, and that in part led t lwer self-esteem ver the lng term.
One suggestin: Reframe yur imperfectins, nt as failings but as interesting puzzles t slve. If yu like puzzles, yu may have nticed that yu initially enjy the nes that are simple t crack, but quickly get bred and lk fr trickier alternatives. But if they’re t hard, yu simply grw frustrated. The zne f enjyment mves up as yu increase in skill and can tackle mre difficulty. Life’s challenges are like puzzles: A great deal f the present-day increase in unhappiness cmes frm the fact that when we use self-enhancement t avid the discmfrt f struggle, we unintentinally get stuck belw the zne f enjyment in the fascinating game f self-imprvement.
Yu dn’t need t make any imprvements, because yu’re perfect already? Hw bring!
32. What des the “self-enhancement effect” refer t?
A. The ability t ignre negative traits.B. The tendency t cmpare with thers.
C. The belief in ne’s superirity ver thers.D. The mtivatin t enhance inner qualities.
33. The ptential cnsequence f hlding a self-enhancement view is______.
A. temprary satisfactinB. bjective self-assessment
C. imprved scial cnnectinsD. lng-lasting academic success
34. What can we learn frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. Playing games leads t lng term enjyment.
B. Pursuing simple slutins always keeps peple happy.
C. Regarding weaknesses as challenges can prmte persnal imprvement.
D. Cmparing neself favrably with thers bsts self-esteem permanently,
【答案】32. C 33. A 34. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“自我增强效应”现象，指出人们常夸大自身积极品质、自认优于他人，如多数司机高估自己驾驶技术。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“We humans have a natural tendency t exaggerate ur psitive qualities, and cmpare urselves favrably with thers, which is called “ self-enhancement effect”.( 我们人类有一种天生的倾向，就是夸大自己的积极品质，把自己和别人比较，这就是所谓的“自我增强效应”。)”以及后面提到“up t 80 percent f mtrists cnsidered themselves t have abve-average driving skills(多达80%的驾车者认为自己的驾驶技术高于平均水平)”可知，“自我增强效应”指的是人们倾向于夸大自己的积极品质，认为自己比别人更优秀，也就是相信自己优于他人。故选C项。
33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Hwever, althugh self-enhancement feels gd in the shrt term, it is nt a lng-term slutin t life’s prblems, Sner r later, yu’re bund t be cnfrnted with a painful adjustment t the truth. Fr instance, researchers writing in the Jurnal f Persnality and Scial Psychlgy shwed that when cllege, students held an verestimated view f their wn academic ability, it enhanced their md and psitive effect — that is, they enjyed happier feelings. But the illusin ( 幻觉) f superirity did nt translate int better academic perfrmance. In fact, the students tended t fail at their academic expectatins, and that in part led t lwer self-esteem ver the lng term.( 然而，虽然自我提升在短期内感觉很好，但它并不是解决生活问题的长久之计，迟早，你一定要面对一个痛苦的适应事实的过程。例如，在《人格与社会心理学杂志》上发表的研究表明，当大学生对自己的学术能力持有过高的看法时，这会增强他们的情绪和积极影响——也就是说，他们享受到更快乐的感觉。但是优越感的幻觉并没有转化为更好的学习成绩。事实上，这些学生往往无法达到他们的学业期望，这在一定程度上导致了长期自卑。)”可知，持有自我增强观点的潜在后果是能带来暂时的满足感，但从长远来看并非是好的解决办法，会导致与现实的痛苦调整，甚至降低自尊。故选A项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Reframe yur imperfectins, nt as failings but as interesting puzzles t slve.( 重新定义你的不完美，不是失败，而是有趣的谜题。)”以及“Life’s challenges are like puzzles: A great deal f the present-day increase in unhappiness cmes frm the fact that when we use self-enhancement t avid the discmfrt .f struggle, we unintentinally get stuck belw the zne f enjyment in the fascinating game f self-imprvement.( 生活的挑战就像谜题：如今，很多不快乐的增加来自于这样一个事实：当我们用自我提升来避免挣扎带来的不适时，我们无意中陷入了自我提升的迷人游戏中，无法享受快乐。)”可推知，我们能从最后两段中得出，把自己的缺点看作是要解决的有趣谜题，将弱点视为挑战可以促进个人的提升。故选C项。
第二节 七选五 (共5小题;每小题2分,共10分)
Fr cllege applicants, the essay is the place t shwcase their writing skills and let their unique vice shine thrugh. And it is a student’s chance t really speak directly t the admissins ffice, t make a gd impressin and t bst their chances f being accepted. ____35____ This can feel like a lt f pressure.
____36____ They tend t be brad, pen-ended questins, giving students the freedm t write abut a wide range f tpics. In fact, it’s challenging t think f putting yur whle life in ne essay.
Students shuld narrw their fcus and write abut a specific experience r hbby that reveals smething persnal, like hw they think, what they value r what their strengths are. ____37____ There are certain types f essays that typically stand ut t admissins fficers.
What’s mst imprtant is that a cllege essay is thughtful. ____38____ Think f the cllege essay as a meaningful glimpse f wh yu are beynd yur ther applicatin materials. After reading yur essay, the reader wn’t fully knw yu — at least nt entirely. Yur bjective is t excite the reader’s curisity and make them eager t get t knw yu. But yu shuld avid hyperble (夸张), which can lse the readers’ trust. ____39____
If students are having truble brainstrming ptential tpics, they can ask friends r family members fr help. Students can ask peers r family members questins such as, “What are the things yu think I d well?” Or, “What are my ddities?”
A. It’s als wise t avid using irrelevant adverbs and adjectives.
B. But they have nly several hundred wrds t make that happen.
C. It tells a stry that ffers insight int wh a student is as a persn.
D. Hwever, cllege applicants usually encunter ptentials in the essay.
E. Students can als write abut what illustrates an aspect f their backgrund.
F. S students need t utline their essay befre jumping int the actual writing.
G. There are usually several essay tpics t chse frm fr a cllege applicatin.
【答案】35. B 36. G 37. E 38. C 39. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了高中学生申请大学时写好申请书的几点建议。
【35题详解】
根据上文“And it is a student’s chance t really speak directly t the admissins ffice, t make a gd impressin and t bst their chances f being accepted.(这是一个学生真正直接与招生办公室交谈的机会，给人留下好印象，提高他们被录取的机会)”以及根据下文“This can feel like a lt f pressure.(这会给你带来很大的压力)”可知，选项与上文为转折关关系，说明写申请遇到的困难。故B选项“但他们只有几百个字来实现这一目标”切题。故选B项。
【36题详解】
根据下文“They tend t be brad, pen-ended questins, giving students the freedm t write abut a wide range f tpics. (它们往往是宽泛的、开放式的问题，让学生可以自由地写各种各样的话题)”可知，选项承接下文说明论文主题的多样性。故G选项“大学申请通常有几个论文主题可供选择”切题，They指代的事tpics。故选G项。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Students shuld narrw their fcus and write abut a specific experience r hbby that reveals smething persnal, like hw they think, what they value r what their strengths are.(学生们应该缩小范围，写一些具体的经历或爱好，从而展现一些个人的东西，比如他们的思维、价值观或者他们的优点)”可知，前文提到了写申请时要聚焦在哪些方面。故E选项“学生也可以写一些反映他们背景的方面。”切题，与上文是并列关系。故选E项。
【38题详解】
根据上文“What’s mst imprtant is that a cllege essay is thughtful.(最重要的是大学论文要深思熟虑)”可知，选项承接上文具体说明要写什么。故C选项“它讲述一个让我们了解到学生是一个什么样的人的故事”切题。故选C项。
【39题详解】
根据上文“But yu shuld avid hyperble (夸张), which can lse the readers’trust.( 但你应该避免夸张，否则会失去读者的信任)”可知，选项与上文为并列关系继续说明应该避免的内容。故A选项“避免使用不相关的副词和形容词也是明智的。”切题。故选A项。
第三部分:书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节 阅读表达(共4小题;第40、41题各2分,第42题3分,第43题5分,共12分)
1+1=MORE (r LESS)
Why des ne plus ne equal tw? One pssible answer is simply “It just des!” r“ Because I said s!”— an answer that frustrates children fr generatins. But rather than asking why ne plus ne is tw, let's questin if it's always true.
Smetimes, ne plus ne equals mre than tw, Fr example, if tw pairs f tennis players get tgether, there are mre than tw pairs because they can play in different cmbinatins. If the first pair is A and B, and the secnd is C and D, the pssible pains are AB, AC, AD, BC, and CD — making six. Smetimes, ne plus ne equals just ne, like when yu cmbine tw piles f sand r mix tw clrs there's nly ne pile r ne clr,
Math isn’t just abut finding the right answer, it's abut building slid reasning. This is why children need t learn different "strategies" fr the same prblem. Thugh parents ften wnder if they can d smething ne way, why they need t knw all these ther ways? But different ways f thinking lead t deeper understanding and prvide mre ways t check if what yu're ding is secure. Cnsider designing a jungle gym. We'd want t test it in every way t ensure it's safe — by jumping, swinging, r puling it apart — rather than simply trusting that it's well-built. The strength f math cmes frm questining its framewrk s deeply.
I hpe that mathematics shuld be seen as a place t pse questins and explre answers, rather than a place where the answers are fixed. We shuld encurage curisity and value thse wh pursue it, even when the jurney is slw r uncertain.
40. Accrding t the passage, when des ne plus ne equal just ne?
________________________________________________________
41. What des the example f designing the jungle gym try t tell us?
________________________________________________________
42. Decide which part f the fllwing statement is wrng. Underline it and explain why.
>The strength f math lies in questining its framewrk, s the math shuld be a place t explre fixed answers.
________________________________________________________
43. When explring answers r slutins, what quality/qualities d we need and why?(In abut 40 wrds)
________________________________________________________
【答案】40. When yu cmbine tw piles f sand r mix tw clrs there's nly ne pile r ne clr.
41. The example tries t tell us that different ways f thinking lead t deeper understanding and prvide mre ways t check if what we're ding is secure.
42. The strength f math lies in questining its framewrk, s the math shuld be a place t explre fixed answers.
Accrding t the passage, the strength f math lies in questining its framewrk, s the authr thinks that math shuld be a place t pse questins and explre answers rather than a place with fixed answers.
43. When explring answers r slutins, we need curisity and an pen mind. On the ne hand, curisity drives us t raise questins and seek knwledge fr better slutins. And an pen mind enables us t cnsider varius pssibilities and perspectives, which can enhance ur mtivatin fr further explratin with the fuel f curisity.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了数学中 “1+1 是否总是等于 2” 的问题，指出数学不仅是寻找正确答案，更是建立可靠推理的过程，强调数学应是一个能提出问题并探索答案的地方，鼓励人们保持好奇心和开放的心态。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“Smetimes, ne plus ne equals just ne, like when yu cmbine tw piles f sand r mix tw clrs there's nly ne pile r ne clr(有时，一加一等于一，就像当你合并两堆沙子或混合两种颜色时，就只有一堆沙子或一种颜色了)”可知，当合并两堆沙子或混合两种颜色时，一加一等于一。故填When yu cmbine tw piles f sand r mix tw clrs, there's nly ne pile r ne clr.
【41题详解】
考查推理判断。根据第三段“Thugh parents ften wnder if they can d smething ne way, why they need t knw all these ther ways? But different ways f thinking lead t deeper understanding and prvide mre ways t check if what yu're ding is secure. Cnsider designing a jungle gym. We'd want t test it in every way t ensure it's safe — by jumping, swinging, r pulling it apart — rather than simply trusting that it's well-built. (尽管父母常常想知道如果他们能用一种方式做某件事，为什么还需要知道所有其他方式呢？但是不同的思维方式会带来更深入的理解，并提供更多方法来检查你正在做的事情是否可靠。考虑设计一个儿童游乐场。我们会想用各种方式来测试它以确保它是安全的 —— 通过跳跃、荡秋千或把它拆开 —— 而不是仅仅相信它建造得很好)”可推知，设计儿童游乐场的例子是为了表明不同的思维方式会带来更深入的理解，并提供更多方法来检查所做事情的可靠性。故填The example tries t tell us that different ways f thinking lead t deeper understanding and prvide mre ways t check if what we're ding is secure.
【42题详解】
考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段“The strength f math cmes frm questining its framewrk s deeply.(数学的力量来自于对其框架的深刻质疑)”以及根据最后一段 “I hpe that mathematics shuld be seen as a place t pse questins and explre answers, rather than a place where the answers are fixed.(我希望数学应该被看作是一个提出问题和探索答案的地方，而不是一个答案固定的地方)”可推知，“数学是一个探索固定答案的地方” 这一观点与作者想法不符，是错误的。故 “explre fixed answers” 错误，原因是：数学的力量在于质疑它的框架，所以数学应该是探索固定答案的地方。根据文章，数学的力量在于质疑它的框架，所以作者认为数学应该是一个提出问题和探索答案的地方，而不是一个固定答案的地方。故填The strength f math lies in questining its framewrk, s the math shuld be a place t explre fixed answers. Accrding t the passage, the strength f math lies in questining its framewrk, s the authr thinks that math shuld be a place t pse questins and explre answers rather than a place with fixed answers.
【43题详解】
开放性试题。言之有理，注意词数限制。如根据最后一段“I hpe that mathematics shuld be seen as a place t pse questins and explre answers, rather than a place where the answers are fixed. We shuld encurage curisity and value thse wh pursue it, even when the jurney is slw r uncertain.(我希望数学应该被视为一个提出问题和探索答案的地方，而不是一个固定答案的地方。我们应该鼓励好奇心，重视那些追求好奇心的人，即使旅程缓慢或不确定)”可知，在探索答案或解决方案时，我们需要好奇心和开放的心态。一方面，好奇心驱使我们提出问题并寻求知识，以找到更好的解决方案。另一方面，开放使我们能够考虑各种可能性和观点，从而在好奇心的推动下增强我们进一步探索的动力。故填 When explring answers r slutins, we need curisity and an pen mind. On the ne hand, curisity drives us t raise questins and seek knwledge fr better slutins. And an pen mind enables us t cnsider varius pssibilities and perspectives, which can enhance ur mtivatin fr further explratin with the fuel f curisity.
第二节 写作 (20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三1班学生李华，得知你校交换生Jim对中国文化非常感兴趣，请你写一封邮件，邀请他参加即将举办的研学之旅。内容包括: 1.介绍研学的安排； 2.说明安排的理由。
注意:1.词数120左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Jim,
I hpe this email finds yu well. Knwing yur great enthusiasm fr Chinese culture, I am writing t invite yu t ur upcming study tur.
The study tur will be held frm July 15th t July 20th. We will first visit the Frbidden City, where yu can admire cuntless precius antiques and experience the grandeur f ancient ryal palaces. This is because it is a symbl f China’s lng-standing imperial histry. Then, we'll head t a lcal pttery wrkshp. There, yu can try yur hand at making pttery, which will give yu a direct feel fr traditinal Chinese handicrafts.
It will surely be a rewarding experience. I sincerely hpe yu can jin us. Lking frward t yur reply.
Best regards,
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给对中国文化非常感兴趣的交换生Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参加即将举办的研学之旅。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
即将到来的：upcming→appraching
举办：hld→hst
欣赏：admire→appreciate
体验：experience→underg
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Knwing yur great enthusiasm fr Chinese culture, I am writing t invite yu t ur upcming study tur.
拓展句：Because I knw that yu have great enthusiasm fr Chinese culture, I am writing t invite yu t ur upcming study tur.
【点睛】【高分句型 1】We will first visit the Frbidden City, where yu can admire cuntless precius antiques and experience the grandeur f ancient ryal palaces.（运用了 where 引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型 2】This is because it is a symbl f China’s lng-standing imperial histry.（运用了 because引导的表语从句）