高考英语二轮专题-动名词（知识清单）（学生版）

这是一份高考英语二轮专题-动名词（知识清单）（学生版），共14页。学案主要包含了知能解读01，知能解读02，知能解读03，重难点突破01，重难点突破02，重难点突破03，重难点突破04，易混易错01等内容，欢迎下载使用。

01 动名词作主语
1.动名词位于句首直接作主语，泛指一个抽象概念，谓语用单数形式。
Swimming is gd fr health. 游泳对健康有益。
Watching t much TV harms eyesight. 看太多电视伤害视力。
2.It作形式主语，动名词作真正主语，用于 It is n use/gd ding…等句型。
It is n use crying ver spilt milk. 覆水难收，为打翻的牛奶哭泣是没用的。
It is n gd eating t much junk fd. 吃太多垃圾食品没有好处。
3.用于There is n ding…固定句型，语气强硬。
There is n denying that he is an excellent leader. 不可否认，他是一位出色的领导者。
There is n telling what will happen tmrrw. 谁也说不准明天会发生什么。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词。
1．__________(spend) time tgether in the garden can be a great way t exercise and have fun with yur pet.
2．Rse’s (cme) wn’t be f much help.
3． (laugh) at in public is what yu will never want t happen t yu.
4．It is n use (cmplain) the bad weather, s we had better figure ut a gd idea t get there n time.
5．There’s n ________ (deny) that China has made great prgress in the past decades.
02 动名词作表语
动名词作表语时主语通常是对主语的解释说明。
The real challenge is finishing the prject n time. 真正的挑战是按时完成项目。
What I enjy mst is reading in the quiet library. 我最喜欢的事是在安静的图书馆看书。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．His jb is ________ (lk) after the ld peple in the nursing hme.
2．His main task is ________(sell) smart blackbards at the mment.
3．The mst imprtant thing nw is ________ (find) a place t live in.
4．What wrries me mst is her ________ (stay) t late every night.
5．The manager tld me that my daily task was ________ (clean) the flrs f the building.
03 动名词作定语
1.动名词作定语时，主要用于修饰名词，说明被修饰词的性质、用途或与被修饰词之间的逻辑关系。
a swimming pl 游泳池（= a pl fr swimming）
a walking stick 拐杖（= a stick fr walking）
2.易错提醒：现在分词作定语，表示一个主动的、正在发生的动作；过去分词作定语，表示一个被动的、已完成的动作；不定式作定语表示一个将要发生的动作。
I met a girl carrying a big bag. 我遇到了一个背着大袋子的女孩。
The brken windw needs t be repaired. 那扇被打碎的窗户需要修理。
I have a meeting t attend tmrrw. 我明天有个会议要参加。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Befre being allwed t dive in the cean, the trainees were intrduced t the scuba equipment in the __________ (swim) pl.
2.__________ (clean) wmen in big cities usually get paid by the hur.
3．Families (celebrate) the Lunar New Year can enjy exciting dragn dances and carnivals tgether.
4．There was a prblem with the__________ (park) place fr bikes in ur schl. 4.
5．A new study (lead) by Jaquin Navajas ffered an interesting turning pint n the classic cnditin.
01 只接动名词作宾语的动词
1. 英语中有些动词只能接动名词作宾语。
谐音记忆：mecarfipsd霉咖啡不是的
The dctr suggested exercising regularly. 医生建议定期锻炼。
They are cnsidering mving t Lndn. 他们在考虑搬到伦敦
2. 在特定语境中还应考虑用动名词的被动形式being dne。
The bird escaped being caught. 那只鸟逃脱了被捕捉的命运。
They cmplained abut being given t much wrk. 他们抱怨被分配了太多工作。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．If I’m talking t smene senir t me, then I shuld say, “Wuld yu mind ___________ (pen) the windw, please?”
At last I ended up _________ (hit) the set with my fist, and it stpped wrking altgether.
3．They prpsed ____________(frm)a grup t investigate the case.
4．If plicymakers truly advcate___________ (build) a sustainable future, they shuld start by implementing these envirnmentally friendly transprtatin slutins immediately.
5．Mr Smith was angry with Jim because he kept ___________ (chat) with his friends in class.
02 接t d/ding意义不同的动词
英语中有一些动词后接不定式和动名词时，意义差别较大，这类动词是语法中的重点和易错点。
得分速记 妙记--frgshmt青蛙是聪明的（首字母谐音记忆）
frget忘记, remember记住/regret后悔, g n继续, stp停止, can’t help禁不住, mean打算, try试图。
frget t d 忘记要去做某事（未做）
frget ding 忘记已经做过某事（已做）
She frgt t turn ff the lights. 她忘记关灯了。
I'll never frget meeting yu fr the first time. 我永远不会忘记第一次见你的情景。
remember t d 记得将要做某事（未做）
remember ding 记得已经做过某事（已做）
Remember t lck the dr befre leaving. 离开前记得锁门。
I remember lcking the dr tday. 我记得今天锁门了。
regret t d 遗憾去做某事（未做）
regret ding 后悔做过某事（已做）
I regret t tell yu that yu failed the exam. 我很遗憾地告诉你，你考试没及格。
He regrets quitting his jb. 他后悔辞掉了工作。
g n t d 继续做另一件事 （对象变了）
g n ding 继续做正在做的事 （对象不变）
After finishing math, he went n t study physics. 做完数学后，他接着学物理。
They went n wrking despite the rain. 尽管下雨，他们仍继续工作。
stp t d 停下来去做另一件事 （对象变了）
stp ding 停止做某事 （对象不变）
We stpped t have a rest. 我们停下来休息一下。
Please stp talking. 请停止说话。
can’t help t d 不能帮助做某事
can’t help ding 情不自禁做某事
I'm srry I can't help t clean the rm tday—I'm t busy.抱歉我今天不能帮忙打扫房间，我太忙了。
She culdn't help crying when she heard the sad news. 听到这个坏消息，她情不自禁地哭了。
mean t d 打算做某事（未做）
mean ding 意味着做某事 （解释作用）
I mean t finish the reprt tday. 我打算今天完成报告。
Missing the train means waiting fr anther hur. 错过这趟火车意味着要再等一小时。
try t d 努力做某事（不一定成功）
try ding 尝试做某事 （强调尝试和行动）
She tried t slve the prblem. 她努力解决这个问题。
Try adding sme sugar t make it taste better. 试着加点糖，让它味道更好些。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．The vlunteer regretted nt (bring) a kettle t Ghana t bil the water she needed.
2．I remember (lck) the dr befre I left hme, but nw it’s wide pen.
3．It actually takes a few minutes fr yur brain t tell yur bdy that it has had enugh fd, s eat slwly and stp _________(eat) befre yu feel full.
4．T take life easy desn’t mean (d) nthing at all, but grasping every pprtunity t d gd deeds.
5．As sn as the kids heard the funny jke, they culdn’t help (shut) with laughter.
03 含介词t的动词短语
英语中有些动词短语含有介词t，后接名词或动名词作宾语。
mind介意/miss错过, enjy喜欢/escape逃避, cnsider考虑 avid避免/appreciate感激/advcate提倡/allw允许, risk冒险, finish完成/frbid禁止/fancy想要, imagine想象, practise实践/pstpne推迟, suggest建议, delay延迟
lk frward t ding盼望做某事
get dwn t ding着手做某事
be used t ding习惯于做某事
be accustmed t ding习惯于做某事
stick t ding坚持做某事
pay attentin t ding注意做某事
devte neself t ding致力于做某事
cmmit neself t ding致力于做某事
apply neself t ding致力于做某事
bject t ding反对做某事
be ppsed t ding反对做某事
When it cmes t ding谈到做某事
attach imprtance t ding重视做某事
She lks frward t meeting her ld friends.（她期待见到老朋友。
He bjects t being treated like a child.（他反对被当成孩子对待。
He devtes himself t studying traditinal art.（他致力于研究传统艺术。
There are n shrtcuts when it cmes t building trust. 涉及到建立信任，没有捷径可走。
If yu apply yurself t mastering this skill, yu'll succeed sner r later.
如果你专心致志掌握这项技能，迟早会成功的。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．In thse days, sme students were used t (g) t bed late and (get) up late as well.
2．Bth sides cmmitted themselves t (settle) the dispute peacefully.
3．If yu are a student, d devte yurself t (digest) yur teachers’ instructin until yu fully understand it.
4．The accident serves as a warning t all wilderness lvers abut the ptential dangers that can lead t________ (bite) by pisnus insects in the wild.
5．When it cmes t (rate) restaurants, fd taste and service quality are tp cnsideratins.
04 常接省略介词的动词短语
They spent a lt f mney (in) decrating their new huse. 他们花了很多钱装修新房子。
Dn't waste time (in) arguing with him. 别浪费时间和他争论。
She tried t stp him (frm) making a mistake. 她试图阻止他犯错误。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．While yu are travelling t a place, attentin shuld be paid t preventing yurself frm (fine) fr breaking sme special lcal rules.
2．The rescue team managed t wrk fr tw hurs withut (interrupt).
3．Smetimes it just takes a flash f inspiratin t realize that the career yu really feel like (dive) int has always been there.
4．There is n harm in (set) ff early in such an extreme weather.
5．He spends every minute he can (practise) his spken English.
01 动名词的被动式、否定式和完成式（以动词find为例）
（一般式）She left withut saying gdbye. 她没说再见就离开了。
（完成式）She was praised fr having saved the child. 她因救了那个孩子而受到表扬。
（被动式）Being invited t the party made her very happy. 被邀请参加派对让她非常开心。
（完成被动式）She is prud f having been selected as the team leader. 她为自己被选为队长而自豪。
（否定式）He regretted nt having finished the wrk n time. 他后悔没有按时完成工作。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．I dn’t appreciate (treat) like a secnd-class citizen.
2．They spent the rest f the mrning (wander) in the streets.
3． (admit) t the tp university brught him a great sense f achievement.
4．She said srry t me and admitted (take) my umbrella by mistake.
5． （expse） t the English bradcast can d a lt f gd t yur English study.
02 动名词主动形式被动意义
1.want/need/require表示“需要”，后接动名词，动名词主动形式表示被动意义。
want/need/require ding=want/need/require t be dne
The rm wants cleaning immediately.= The rm wants t be cleaned immediately.
这个房间需要马上打扫。
The prblem requires slving as sn as pssible.= The prblem requires t be slved as sn as pssible.
这个问题需要尽快解决。
2. deserve表示“值得做”，后接动名词，动名词主动形式表示被动意义。
deserve ding=deserve t be dne
His curage deserves praising.= His curage deserves t be praised.
他的勇气值得被赞扬。
3. be wrth ding表示“值得做”，后接动名词，主动形式表示被动意义。
His suggestin is wrth cnsidering. 他的建议值得考虑
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Such an emergency deserves (handle) right away.
2．These annuncements, as symbls f lve and individuality, remind us that sme traditins are wrth (preserve).
3．Yu are a gd human being and yu deserve (treat) as such.
4．Having dne sme wrthwhile things during the summer vacatin, she is wrthy f (praise).
5. After the serius fld, tw-thirds f the buildings in the area need___________/_______________ (repair).
动名词复合结构典型用法
1.标准用法: ①名词所有格+ding (如Jane’s ding); ②形容词物主代词+ding(如her ding); 作主语、表语或宾语。
The team’s winning the game surprised everyne. 这个队赢得比赛让所有人都很惊讶。
Her cming t the party brightened everyne’s md. 她的到来让派对上每个人的心情都变好了
The prblem is their nt taking the risk seriusly. 问题在于他们没有认真对待这个风险。
I really appreciate yur helping me with the prject. 我非常感谢你帮我做这个项目。
2.省略用法: ①名词普通格+ding(Jane ding); ②宾格+ding 作表语或宾语(me ding)。
He desn’t mind me using his cmputer. 他不介意我用他的电脑。
They all laughed at Tm falling ff the bike. 他们都嘲笑汤姆从自行车上摔下来。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Nixn’s (visit) China marked a new ear between U.S. and China diplmatic relatins.
2．I dn’t apprve f yur (g) ut with him.
3．Her (lse) her new bike really made her mther very upset.
4．The newcmer’s (fail) t wrk ut the technical prblem didn’t make her lse heart.
5．The (president) attending the meeting himself gave them a great deal f encuragement.
动名词综合能力提升
一、单项填空
1.（2025浙江1月卷）“I really want t make this wrk fr peple’s lives tday, and I knw that desn’t always mean 65 (return) a dress n the Mnday after a special weekend,” she says.
2. (2025八省联考卷) Chinese plays an increasingly imprtant rle in 63 (imprve) cmmunicatin and cperatin between China and the rest f the wrld.
3.（2023全国乙卷）As a phtgrapher, I have spent the last tw years (recrd) everything I discvered.
4. (2022全国甲卷) I was unwilling t talk with him and ften disbeyed his rule f nt ___________(stay) ut with my friends t late.
5.（2021全国甲卷）After ___________ (spend) sme time lking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time fr sme actin and what better than t ride n a piece f histry!
6.（2021全国乙卷）Actually, a true ec-friendly trip must meet the fllwing principles:•Minimize the impact f ___________ (visit) the place.
7.（2019全国I卷）Scientists have respnded by ___________ (nte) that hungry bears may be cngregating (聚集) arund human settlements.
8.（2018全国I卷）Yu may drink, smke, be verweight and still reduce yur risk f ___________(die) early by running.
9.（2018全国III卷）I quickly lwer myself, ducking my head t avid ___________(lk) directly int his eyes s he desn't feel challenged.
10. (2017全国II)This included digging up the rad, (lay) the track and then building a strng rf ver the tp.
二、动名词助力读后续写升格
1.（2024新课标I卷）我坚持要还他钱，我们安排在机场附近的一家咖啡馆见面。(repay)
______________________________________________________________________________________
2.（2024新课标I卷）这张照片今天仍然放在我的桌子上，提醒我要相信他人，并给予善意。(trust)
______________________________________________________________________________________
3.（2024九省联考）希尔达没有生气，反而咯咯笑起来，觉得更加有趣。(get)
______________________________________________________________________________________
4.（2024九省联考）当她的疑虑消除后，她为误解向希尔达道歉。(misunderstand)
______________________________________________________________________________________
5.（2024九省联考）当她看着玛雅优雅地在水箱周围游泳时，脸上掠过一种理解的表情。(understand)
______________________________________________________________________________________
6.（2024九省联考）在清理完盒子里的所有东西后，他们两个都浮出水面。(clean)
______________________________________________________________________________________
7.（2024浙江1月卷）她慢跑到目的地的画面不断在脑海中闪现。(jg)
______________________________________________________________________________________
8.（2024浙江1月卷）她开始关注教室周围的地标，比如喷泉或墙上的画。(fcus)
______________________________________________________________________________________
9.（2024浙江1月卷）不知不觉，她找到了去图书馆或自助餐厅的路，没有迷路。(get)
______________________________________________________________________________________
10.（2025全国一卷）那一刻虽像是一场小小的胜利，却是朝着重建受损之物迈出的一步。(rebuild)
______________________________________________________________________________________
spend mney (in) ding 花费时间做某事 waste time (in) ding浪费时间做某事
be busy/ccupied (in) ding 忙于做某事prevent/stp sb (frm) ding阻止某人做某事
have a hard time (in) ding做某事有困难have difficulty/truble (in) ding做某事有困难
have fun (in) ding 做某事开心There is n pint/sense (in) ding做某事没有用
There is n harm (in) ding不妨做某事 have prblems (in) ding做某事有困难
内容
主动语态
被动语态
否定式
一般式
finding
being fund
nt finding
完成式
having fund
having been fund
nt having fund