北京市北京师范大学附属实验中学高二上学期期中英语试题（解析版）-A4

这是一份北京市北京师范大学附属实验中学高二上学期期中英语试题（解析版）-A4，共26页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考生须知
1.本试卷共13页，共4道大题，81道小题；答题纸共2页。满分120分。考试时间90分钟。
2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写班级、姓名、学号。
3.试卷答案一律填写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
4.在答题卡上，选择题须用2B铅笔将选中项涂黑涂满，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
第一部分 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Clleen and her husband were part f a grup walking the Overland Track. It was the fifth day f a 6-day walk. The guide, wh was waiting fr them at the nearest camp, had ___1___ them abut the slippery and ptentially dangerus cnditins. Clleen, an experienced adventurer frm Sydney, was a naturally ___2___ walker. She walked in frnt f her husband and carefully checked the safety f the track when they were ging dwn a steep slpe (陡坡). Suddenly she heard a cracking sund frm ___3___.
“When I realized what was happening, I was ___4___ t a deep ditch (沟壑), my pack n my back.” Clleen’s fall was nly brken by the presence f a branch that stretched acrss the ditch and ___5___ her frm a fall that culd therwise have been deadly.
Clleen hit her head badly and went int ___6___. She sn wke up and turned arund t see her husband sitting stunned n the side f the track. He had ___7___ fallen frm the tp. He had first slipped abve Clleen, and his full weight, with his pack, ___8___ dwn n tp f her. He was uninjured, and Clleen was suspended n the branch. He reached ut t grab Clleen’s arm. Clleen felt s ___9___, the wrst physical suffering she had ever felt in her life. She knew straight away that her arm was brken.
Her husband tk her pack alng with his wn and tgether they ____10____ fr the final three kilmeters t the camp. Once they reached the camp, the guide gave her first aid and called fr the rescue helicpter immediately.
Clleen was ____11____ t the nearest hspital by helicpter. She was ____12____ in the hspital and was tld that her head and neck were kay, but her arm had been brken in fur places.
Later, Clleen recalled with emtin. “After this persnal ____13____ f near-death and being saved, I realized that in sme situatins there’s abslutely n ____14____ t get t hspital, and the rescue helicpter was the nly way. At that mment, the mst wnderful nise was hearing the helicpter cme. The helicpter rescue wrkers were s generus, s highly skilled as well. When they arrived with the plicemen, I was never mre ____15____ t see anyne in my whle life.”
1. A. interviewedB. warnedC. askedD. taught
2. A. curiusB. independentC. cautiusD. patient
3. A. ppsiteB. aheadC. farawayD. abve
4. A. jumpingB. headingC. turningD. walking
5. A. hidB. releasedC. keptD. pulled
6. A. shckB. actinC. silenceD. panic
7. A. cnsequentlyB. immediatelyC. accidentallyD. eventually
8. A. layB. settledC. bentD. crashed
9. A. fearfulB. painfulC. regretfulD. pitiful
10. A. preparedB. struggledC. searchedD. cmpeted
11. A. frcedB. guidedC. rushedD. invited
12. A. cnsultedB. curedC. assessedD. examined
13. A. experienceB. trainingC. evaluatinD. feeling
14. A. pssibilityB. privilegeC. alternativeD. necessity
15. A. hnredB. gratefulC. mtivatedD. cnfident
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. B 11. C 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是科琳在一次徒步旅中遭遇意外，好在和丈夫坚持了下来，最终获救的事。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：向导在最近的营地等着他们，他已经提醒过他们，这里很滑，有潜在的危险。A. interviewed采访；B. warned提醒，警告；C. asked询问；D. taught教授。根据后文“them abut the slippery and ptentially dangerus cnditins”可知，向导提醒一些注意事项，warn意为“提醒”，符合题意，故选B项。
【2题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：科琳来自悉尼，是一位经验丰富的冒险家，走路天生小心谨慎。A. curius好奇的；B. independent独立的；C. cautius谨慎的；D. patient耐心的。根据后文“She walked in frnt f her husband and carefully checked the safety f the track when they were ging dwn a steep slpe.(当他们下陡坡时，她走在丈夫的前面，仔细检查道路的安全性)”可知，科琳经验丰富，做事不会太莽撞，比较谨慎。故选C项。
【3题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，她听到上面有裂缝声。A. ppsite在对面；B. ahead在前面；C. faraway在远处；D. abve在上面，在较高处。根据前文“when they were ging dwn a steep slpe”可知，他们是沿着斜坡向下走，所以裂缝声是从上面传来的，故选D项。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到发生什么时，我正朝一个深壑走去，背上背着包。A. jumping跳；B. heading朝(某方向)行进；C. turning转弯；D. walking行走。根据后文“Clleen’s fall was nly brken by the presence f a branch”可知，科琳往下掉的过程被深壑旁的树枝打断，说明她当时是正朝那里前进。故选B项。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸亏有一根树枝横在沟里，才阻止了科琳的跌落，否则她就会丧命。A. hid躲藏；B. released释放；C. kept保持；D. pulled拉。根据后文“her frm a fall that culd therwise have been deadly.”可知，树枝阻止了她的继续下滑，否则，如果她继续下滑，可能会丧命。keep…frm…意为“阻止……做……”，是固定短语，符合题意。故选C项。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：科琳的头撞得很重，休克了。A. shck休克；B. actin行动；C. silence沉默；D. panic惊恐。根据前文“Clleen hit her head badly”可知，Clleen撞着了头部，暂时昏迷，进入休克状态。shck意为“休克”，符合题意。故选A项。
【7题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他不小心从顶部摔下来。 A. cnsequently因此；B. immediately立即；C. accidentally意外地，偶然地；D. eventually最后，终于。根据后文“fallen frm the tp”可知，丈夫摔下来这个行为不是故意为之，所以是意外不小心摔下来的。故选C项。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他先是滑到了科琳的上方，然后他的整个体重，连同他的背包，撞到了她的身上。A. lay躺；B. settled定居；C. bent弯曲；D. crashed碰撞。根据前文“He had first slipped abve Clleen, and his full weight, with his pack”可知，他们是下坡，他在科琳的后面，所以他摔倒后，带着自身的重量和包的重量朝下猛撞。故选D项。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：科琳感到非常痛苦，这是她一生中经历过的最严重的身体痛苦。A. fearful害怕的；B. painful疼痛的；C. regretful后悔的；D. pitiful可怜的。根据后文“the wrst physical suffering she had ever felt in her life”可知，她摔下来，受伤很严重，主要是身体上的疼痛。故选B项。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她丈夫将她的背包背起，两人一起艰难地走完最后三公里，到达营地。A. prepared准备；B. struggled努力；C. searched搜寻；D. cmpeted比赛。结合前文可知，两人出了意外，而且科琳还受伤严重，两人最后的行走只能是挣扎着，努力着。struggle意为“努力，挣扎”，符合题意。故选B项。
【11题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：科琳被直升机紧急送往最近的医院。A. frced强迫；B. guided指导；C. rushed急忙送，赶紧做；D. invited邀请。根据后文“t the nearest hspital by helicpter”可知，科琳受伤严重，所以到了营地被急忙送往医院。故选C项。
【12题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在医院接受了检查，并被告知她的头和脖子没有问题，但是她的手臂有四处骨折。A. cnsulted咨询；B. cured治愈；C. assessed评估；D. examined检查。根据后文“was tld that her head and neck were kay, but her arm had been brken in fur places”指到医院去检查身体。故选D项。
【13题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在经历了与死神擦肩而过的经历之后，我意识到，在某些情况下，去医院是别无选择的，而救援直升机是唯一的办法。A. experience经历；B. training培训；C. evaluatin评估；D. feeling感觉。根据后文“f near-death and being saved”可知，这次事件是科琳的一次个人经历，而非其他。故选A项。
【14题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在经历了与死神擦肩而过的经历之后，我意识到，在某些情况下，去医院是别无选择的，而救援直升机是唯一的办法。A. pssibility可能性；B. privilege特权；C. alternative选择；D. necessity必要性。根据后文“the rescue helicpter was the nly way.”提到直升机是唯一的方法可知，没有其他可选择的途径。故选C项。
【15题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们和警察一起来的时候，我这辈子见到任何人都没有这么感激过。A. hnred荣幸的；B. grateful感激的；C. mtivated有积极性的；D. cnfident自信的。根据前文“At that mment, the mst wnderful nise was hearing the helicpter cme. The helicpter rescue wrkers were s generus, s highly skilled as well.(在那一刻，最美妙的声音是听到直升机飞来。直升机救援人员非常慷慨，技术也非常高超)”可知，科琳受伤了，所以对急救人员和警察的到来是感激不已。故选B项。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，共40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If yu’re new t a schl r yu are shy r tend t nt get ut f yur cmfrt zne, making new friends at schl might seem like a challenge. Luckily, yu can vercme that challenge by lking fr peple with the same interests as yu and by being friendly when yu meet new peple. Als, participate in after-schl clubs and events whenever yu get the chance, since that will help yu meet peple utside f class!
Lk fr peple wh have the same hbbies as yu.
Yu’re mre likely t be friends with smene if yu have smething in cmmn with them. Try t find clubs r grups based n yur favrite hbbies, then jin them t meet like-minded peple. Als, pay attentin t peple wh spend their free time ding the same things yu lve t d.
If yu’re a passinate reader, jin a bk club, g t public readings, r start a cnversatin with smene wh carries nvels arund with their textbks.
Spend time arund peple wh shw kindness.
Finding smene wh will treat yu well and supprt yu is mre imprtant than ppularity. Avid spending time with peple wh talk bad abut thers r put them dwn. Instead, lk fr peple wh invite thers t sit with them at lunch, wh encurage thers when they speak up in class, r wh are always willing t help when smene needs a hand.
Intrduce yurself t new peple whenever pssible.
When yu’re arund smene yu dn’t knw, it is nt unusual t just sit there quietly, especially if yu’re shy. Hwever, yu and the ther persn will bth be mre cmfrtable after a simple intrductin. Make eye cntact with the persn, smile, and try t seem warm and relaxed instead f nervus r anxius. Then, break the ice by talking abut whatever is ging n arund yu.
Keep the cnversatin ging with pen-ended questins.
When yu start talking t smene, try asking them questins abut what they like t see what yu have in cmmn with them. Hwever, avid simply asking yes r n questins, since ne-wrd answers dn’t necessarily keep a cnversatin alive. Yu can ask questins abut whatever yu’re already talking abut, r yu can change the subject if yu feel that ran its curse.
16. If yu are fnd f reading, yu can ______.
A. talk t peple with the same interest.
B. jin a bk club t read better bks.
C. apprach peple with lts f hbbies.
D. spend yur free time meeting different peple.
17. Accrding t Paragraph 5 (When yu’re arund smene...), what shuld yu d first when yu meet smene yu dn’t knw well?
A. Start with a warm handshake.
B. Make eye cntact with the persn.
C. Start by talking abut a serius tpic.
D. Start with a brief intrductin f yurself.
18. Yu shuld avid asking yes r n questins t ______.
A. keep the cnversatin ging.
B. end the cnversatin.
C. shw kindness.
D. respect thers.
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要给新生在新学校结交新朋友提供几点建议，例如通过寻找有相同兴趣的人，或是参加课外俱乐部和活动。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Lk fr peple wh have the same hbbies as yu部分中“If yu’re a passinate reader, jin a bk club, g t public readings, r start a cnversatin with smene wh carries nvels arund with their textbks. (如果你热爱读书，那就加入读书俱乐部，参加公共读书会，或者和那些带着小说来学校的同学交流。)”可知，喜欢读书的人可以去找和自己有相同兴趣的人交谈。故选A项。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Intrduce yurself t new peple whenever pssible部分中“When yu’re arund smene yu dn’t knw, it is nt unusual t just sit there quietly, especially if yu’re shy. Hwever, yu and the ther persn will bth be mre cmfrtable after a simple intrductin. (当你和不认识的人在一起时，静静地坐在那里并不罕见，尤其是当你害羞的时候。然而，在简单的介绍之后，你和对方都会更舒服。)”可知，当你遇到不太熟悉的人时，你可以从简单的自我介绍开始。故选D项。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“Hwever, avid simply asking yes r n questins, since ne-wrd answers dn’t necessarily keep a cnversatin alive. (然而，避免简单地问“是”或“否”的问题，因为一个词的回答不一定能让谈话保持活力。)”可知，避免问“是”或“否”的问题是为了让交谈继续进行下去。故选A项。
B
Carl Allamby started his car repair business at the tender age f 19. Over the years, it had grwn int tw shps with 11 wrkers, but Allamby had becme uneasy, lnging fr smething mre. Therefre, at the age f 34, he decided t g fr his bachelr’s degree in business management.
After taking classes part-time ver the next five years, Allamby was tld he had t take bilgy t get his degree, which later turned ut t be the best thing that ever happened. Bilgy classes reawakened a childhd dream that he had hidden smewhere deep within himself.
Brn in East Cleveland, Ohi, Allamby was raised by his stay-at-hme mther and a father wh sld hme gds dr-t-dr. His schl didn’t ffer the advanced science classes that might have led him n a premed (医学预科的) path. Even if it had, ding well in schl culd prve dangerus. “Yu culd get int a lt f truble just fr being the class nerd (讨厌的人),” Allamby said. S he set aside the thughts f becming a dctr and started fixing cars instead.
But a different Carl Allamby walked int that bilgy class at age 39. He was ready t live his dream. With the supprt f his family he sn decided t skip business schl t take science classes. Becming a dctr was late and he wuld becme a nurse instead, he reasned. But Allamby’s chemistry prfessr tld him “Why nt a dctr? Yu have a great talent fr the wrk. Yu will g a lng way.” The prfessr was right and Allamby did very well.
In 2015, Allamby cut ties with his past, and then he started at Nrtheast Ohi Medical University. In 2019, Carl Allamby became Carl Allamby, MD. He tk a jb in emergency medicine at Cleveland Clinic Akrn General.
“Hw many peple can d smething s brand-new at such a late stage in their life?” he said. “My age and past career are all gd reasns why I shuldn’t be here. And yet, here I am.”
19. Why was taking bilgy “the best thing that ever happened” t Allamby?
A. It ensured him a bachelr’s degree.
B. It develped his ptential t becme a dctr.
C. It brught abut psitive transitin in his life.
D. It satisfied his childhd curisity abut dctrs.
20. What is the authr’s purpse in writing Para. 3?
A. T describe Allamby’s difficulty in schl.
B. T intrduce Allamby’s family backgrund.
C. T explain why Allamby nce gave up his dream.
D. T shw hw Allamby struggled in his childhd.
21. What d we knw frm the chemistry prfessr’s wrds?
A. He appreciated Allamby’s curage.
B. He recgnized Allamby’s capability.
C. He suggested Allamby shuld aim lwer.
D. He thught Allamby was t ld t be a dctr.
22. What des Allamby’s stry mainly tell us?
A. Failure is the mther f success.
B. Educatin hlds the key t success.
C. A tugh man can bear great suffering.
D. It’s never t late t pursue yur dream.
【答案】19. C 20. C 21. B 22. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了出身贫寒的Carl Allamby在年近50岁的时候克服重重困难，实现了自己儿时的医生梦。
【19题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“In 2015, Allamby cut ties with his past, and then he started at Nrtheast Ohi Medical University. In 2019, Carl Allamby became Carl Allamby, MD. He tk a jb in emergency medicine at Cleveland Clinic Akrn General.(在2015年，Allamby与他的过去断绝了联系，然后他开始在东北俄亥俄医科大学工作。2019年，Carl Allamby成为Carl Allamby医学博士。他在克利夫兰诊所阿克伦总医院找到了一份急诊医学工作)”可推知，学生物学对Allamby来说是“发生过的最好的事情”是因为这给他的生活带来了积极的转变。故选C项。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Brn in East Cleveland, Ohi, Allamby was raised by his stay-at-hme mther and a father wh sld hme gds dr-t-dr. His schl didn’t ffer the advanced science classes that might have led him n a premed path. Even if it had, ding well in schl culd prve dangerus. “Yu culd get int a lt f truble just fr being the class nerd,” Allamby said. S he set aside the thughts f becming a dctr and started fixing cars instead.(Allamby出生在俄亥俄州的东克利夫兰，他的母亲是全职主妇，父亲是挨家挨户推销家居用品的。他的学校没有提供可能让他走上医学预科之路的高级科学课程。即便如此，在学校表现良好也可能是危险的。“如果你只是班里的书呆子，你可能会惹上很多麻烦，”Allamby说。所以他把当医生的念头搁在一边，开始修车)”可推知，作者写第3段的目的是来解释为什么Allamby曾经放弃了他的梦想。故选C项。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“But Allamby’s chemistry prfessr tld him ”Why nt a dctr? Yu have a great talent fr the wrk. Yu will g a lng way.” (但是Allamby的化学教授告诉他：“为什么不去当医生呢？你对这项工作很有天赋。你会大有作为的。”)”可知，从化学教授的话中我们知道他认识到Allamby的能力。故选B项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““Hw many peple can d smething s brand-new at such a late stage in their life?” he said. “My age and past career are all gd reasns why I shuldn’t be here. And yet, here I am.”(“有多少人能在生命的晚期做一些如此全新的事情？”他说。“我的年龄和过去的职业生涯都是我不应该在这里的好理由。然而，我却在这里。”)”可推知，Allamby的故事主要告诉了我们追求梦想永远都不晚。故选D项。
C
The Price f Gld
Fr decades gld miners have pillaged the lush Peruvian Amazn frest f Madre de Dis in search f the precius metal. Nw a study reprts that illegal mining is sharply n the rise despite the lcal gvernment’s effrts t curb it and this is taking a heavy tll n the ecsystem.
In 2012 the Peruvian gvernment annunced a lt f legal decrees t defend Madre de Dis — cnsidered the cuntry’s bidiversity capital — against miners.
Authrities cnducted raids, dismantled clandestine camps, and regulated fuel and supply traffic. Despite the crackdwn, the ttal mining area had increased by abut 40 percent (t arund 170,000 acres) just fur years later. Accrding t the mst cmprehensive analysis t date, the practice — pssibly enabled by pr cntrl f the regin and greater highway access — extended int at least ne f the frest’s tw natinal reserves, prtected areas where mining is prhibited.
Extracting gld frm rck can cntaminate the envirnment. Illegal mining activities ften use liquid mercury, a txic (有毒的) chemical that can drip int the sil r be burned ff and released as txic fumes. And the cnsequences f illegal mining g well beynd thse f the extractin prcess. Miners ften chp dwn thusands f acres f frest with heavy machinery that scars the landscape.
“Yu can see thse dredging machines sucking silt (淤泥) frm the river, hear their engines,” says Raul Tupayachi, a Peruvian bilgist at the Carnegie Institutin fr Science and a c-authr f the study. “We hped ur data wuld shw a drp in defrestatin rates after the gvernment actins tried t curb mining activities,” he says. “But we saw that, in the lng run, they haven’t really made much f an impact.”
The study, which analyzed satellite images taken between 1999 and 2016 and was published last August in Envirnmental Research Letters, fund an initial decline in defrestatin after the gvernment’s actins in 2012. By 2013, hwever, frest lss rates had ballned. New mines started t appear in the fllwing years. They invaded prtected areas such as the Tambpata Natinal Reserve — hme t the indigenus Ese Ejja, Quechua and Aymara peples, as well as brightly clred macaws, giant river tters and jaguars. By 2016 mining peratins had cut dwn at least 1,287 acres f frest within the reserve. William Llactay, a gegraphical engineer at Peru’s Ministry f Envirnment, wh did nt take part in the wrk, says the study cmes at a critical time. “If the mining trend cntinues,” Llactay says, “a lt f these areas will be irreversibly degraded in the years t cme.”
23. The underlined phrase “taking a heavy tll n” is clsest in meaning t ______.
A. cntributing tB. negatively impacting n
C. falling victim tD. taking full advantage f
24. Hw des illegal mining influence the ecsystem?
A. By plluting and defresting the land.
B. By extracting precius gld frm rck.
C. By burning and releasing txic fumes.
D. By turning frests int farmland.
25. Hw des Raul Tupayachi feel when he is making the cmment?
A. Anxius.B. Hpeful.C. Disappinted.D. Surprised.
26. Accrding t William Llactay, the phenmenn revealed in the study reprt is ______.
A. imprtantB. cntinuusC. irreversibleD. alarming
【答案】23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了秘鲁的非法采矿对生态的危害。
【23题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“Fr decades gld miners have pillaged the lush Peruvian Amazn frest f Madre de Dis in search f the precius metal. Nw a study reprts that illegal mining is sharply n the rise despite the lcal gvernment’s effrts t curb it and this is taking a heavy tll n the ecsystem. (几十年来，金矿工人一直在马德雷德迪奥斯郁郁葱葱的秘鲁亚马逊森林中寻找贵金属。现在一项研究报告称，尽管当地政府努力遏制非法采矿，但非法采矿仍在急剧上升，这正在taking a heavy tll n生态系统)”以及第二段“In 2012 the Peruvian gvernment annunced a lt f legal decrees t defend Madre de Dis — cnsidered the cuntry’s bidiversity capital — against miners. (2012年，秘鲁政府宣布了许多法令，以保护被认为是该国生物多样性之都的马德雷德迪奥斯免受矿工的侵害)”可知，矿工在亚马逊森林中寻找贵金属，该国生物多样性之都的马德雷德迪奥斯遭受侵害，非法采矿仍在急剧上升，这会对生态系统造成严重破坏，划线短语表示“对……产生负面影响”，与negatively impacting n意义相近。故选B。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Extracting gld frm rck can cntaminate the envirnment. Illegal mining activities ften use liquid mercury, a txic chemical that can drip int the sil r be burned ff and released as txic fumes. And the cnsequences f illegal mining g well beynd thse f the extractin prcess. Miners ften chp dwn thusands f acres f frest with heavy machinery that scars the landscape. (从岩石中提取黄金会污染环境。非法采矿活动经常使用液态汞，这是一种有毒化学物质，可以滴入土壤或被焚烧并释放为有毒烟雾。非法采矿的后果远远超出了开采过程。矿工们经常用重型机械砍伐数千英亩的森林，给景观留下伤痕)”可知，由于污染环境和砍伐森林，非法采矿对生态系统产生影响。故选A。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段““Yu can see thse dredging machines sucking silt frm the river, hear their engines,” says Raul Tupayachi, a Peruvian bilgist at the Carnegie Institutin fr Science and a c-authr f the study. “We hped ur data wuld shw a drp in defrestatin rates after the gvernment actins tried t curb mining activities,” he says. “But we saw that, in the lng run, they haven’t really made much f an impact.” (卡耐基科学研究所的秘鲁生物学家、该研究的合著者Raul Tupayachi说：“你可以看到那些疏浚机从河里吸出淤泥，听到它们的引擎声。”。他说：“我们希望我们的数据能显示，在政府采取行动遏制采矿活动后，森林砍伐率有所下降。”。“但我们看到，从长远来看，它们并没有真正产生太大影响。”)”可知，Raul Tupayachi表示政府采取行动后，虽然森林砍伐率有所下降，但是从长远来看，它们并没有真正产生太大影响，由此可推知，Raul Tupayachi发表评论时是感觉失望的。故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“William Llactay, a gegraphical engineer at Peru’s Ministry f Envirnment, wh did nt take part in the wrk, says the study cmes at a critical time. “If the mining trend cntinues,” Llactay says, “a lt f these areas will be irreversibly degraded in the years t cme.” (秘鲁环境部的地理工程师William Llactay没有参与这项工作，他说这项研究是在一个关键时刻进行的。“如果采矿趋势继续下去，”Llactay说，“在未来几年，许多地区将不可逆转地退化。”)”可知，根据William Llactay的说法，如果采矿趋势继续下去，在未来几年，许多地区将不可逆转地退化，由此可推知，研究报告中揭示的现象是令人担忧的。故选D。
D
In the rughly 250 years since the Industrial Revlutin, the wrld’s ppulatin, like its wealth, has explded. Befre the end f this century, hwever, the number f peple n the planet culd shrink fr the first time since the Black Death. The rt cause is nt an increase in deaths, but a drp in births. Acrss much f the wrld the fertility rate, the average number f births per wman, is cllapsing. Althugh the trend may be familiar, its extent and its cnsequences are nt. Even as artificial intelligence (AI) leads t ptimism in sme quarters, the baby bust (婴儿荒) hangs ver the future f the wrld ecnmy.
Whatever sme envirnmentalists say, a shrinking ppulatin creates prblems. The wrld is nt clse t full and the ecnmic difficulties resulting frm fewer yung peple are many. The bvius ne is that it is getting harder t supprt the wrld’s pensiners. Retired flk draw n the utput f the wrking-aged, either thrugh the state, which requests taxes n wrkers t pay public pensins, r by cashing in savings t buy gds and services r because relatives prvide care unpaid. But whereas the rich wrld currently has arund three peple between 20 and 64 years ld fr everyne ver 65, by 2050 it will have less than tw. The implicatins are higher taxes, later retirements, lwer real returns fr savers and, pssibly, gvernment budget crises.
Lw prprtin f wrkers t pensiners are nly ne prblem resulting frm cllapsing fertility. Yunger peple have mre f what psychlgists call “fluid intelligence”, the ability t think creatively s as t slve prblems in entirely new ways. This yuthful energy adds t the accumulated knwledge f lder wrkers. It als brings change. Patents filed by the yungest inventrs are much mre likely t cver breakthrugh innvatins. Older cuntries and their yung peple are less enterprising and less cmfrtable taking risks. Because the ld benefit less than the yung when ecnmies grw, they have prved less keen n pr-grwth plicies, especially husebuilding. Creative destructin is likely t be rarer in ageing scieties, restricting prductivity grwth in ways that cmpund int an enrmus missed pprtunity.
Eventually, therefre, the wrld will have t make d with fewer yungsters—and perhaps with a shrinking ppulatin. With that in mind, recent advances in AI culd nt have cme at a better time. A prductive AI ecnmy might find it easy t supprt a greater number f retired peple. Eventually AI may be able t generate ideas by itself, reducing the need fr human intelligence. Cmbined with rbtics, AI may als make caring fr the elderly less labur-intensive. Such innvatins will certainly be in high demand.
If technlgy des allw humanity t vercme the baby bust, it will fit the histrical pattern. Unexpected prductivity advances meant that demgraphic time-bmbs (人口定时炸弹) failed t explde. Fewer babies mean less human genius. But that might be a prblem human genius can fix.
27. What can be learned frm the first paragraph?
A. The cllapsing fertility rate is t blame fr the shrinking ppulatin.
B. Black Death marked the shrinking number f peple fr the first time.
C. Industrial Revlutin weakened the increase f the wrld’s ppulatin.
D. The public are familiar with the extent and the influence f the baby bust.
28. What makes it harder t supprt the wrld’s pensiners?
A. Clse relatives have refused t take care f the ld withut being paid.
B. The utput f the wrking-aged which the ld can draw n is shrinking.
C. The ld have cashed in savings t cver expenses f gds and services.
D. The gvernment has requested taxes n yunger emplyees t pay pensins.
29. Why des “fluid intelligence” (in Paragraph 3) suffer in ageing scieties?
A. Because lder wrkers bast mre accumulated knwledge.
B. Because the ld benefit less than the yung in creative destructin.
C. Because cllapsing fertility results in lw prprtin f wrkers t pensiners.
D. Because restricting prductivity grwth cmpunds int a missed pprtunity.
30. The best title fr the passage is prbably _____.
A. The Old Pensiners Make a CmebackB. Artificial Intelligence Leads t a Bright Future
C. The Measures t Overcme the Baby BustD. The Effect f the Baby Bust n Ecnmy
【答案】27. A 28. B 29. B 30. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了婴儿荒的原因和对经济的影响。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段中“The rt cause is nt an increase in deaths, but a drp in births. (根本原因不是死亡人数的增加，而是出生率的下降。)”可知，不断下降的生育率是造成人口减少的原因。故选A。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段中“The bvius ne is that it is getting harder t supprt the wrld’s pensiners. Retired flk draw n the utput f the wrking-aged, either thrugh the state, which requests taxes n wrkers t pay public pensins, r by cashing in savings t buy gds and services r because relatives prvide care unpaid. (退休人员利用适龄工作人员的产出，或者通过国家向工人征税来支付公共养老金，或者通过将储蓄兑换成现金来购买商品和服务，或者因为亲戚提供无偿照顾。)”可知，老年人可以利用的劳动年龄的产出正在减少，让养活世界上的养老金领取者变得更加困难。故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段中“Yunger peple have mre f what psychlgists call “fluid intelligence”, the ability t think creatively s as t slve prblems in entirely new ways. This yuthful energy adds t the accumulated knwledge f lder wrkers. It als brings change. Patents filed by the yungest inventrs are much mre likely t cver breakthrugh innvatins. Older cuntries and their yung peple are less enterprising and less cmfrtable taking risks. Because the ld benefit less than the yung when ecnmies grw, they have prved less keen n pr-grwth plicies, especially husebuilding. Creative destructin is likely t be rarer in ageing scieties, restricting prductivity grwth in ways that cmpund int an enrmus missed pprtunity. (年轻人拥有更多心理学家所说的“流动智力”，即创造性思考以全新方式解决问题的能力。这种年轻的活力增加了老工人积累的知识。它也带来了变化。最年轻的发明家申请的专利更有可能涵盖突破性的创新。年龄较大的国家及其年轻人更缺乏进取心，更不愿意冒险。因为在经济增长时，老年人比年轻人受益更少，所以他们对促进增长的政策，尤其是房屋建设不那么热衷。在老龄化社会中，创造性破坏可能更为罕见，从而限制了生产率的增长，从而导致一个巨大的错失机会。)”可知，因为在创造性破坏中，老年人比年轻人受益更少，因此“流动智力”在老龄化社会中受到影响。故选B。
【30题详解】
标题判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“The rt cause is nt an increase in deaths, but a drp in births. Acrss much f the wrld the fertility rate, the average number f births per wman, is cllapsing. Althugh the trend may be familiar, its extent and its cnsequences are nt. Even as artificial intelligence (AI) leads t ptimism in sme quarters, the baby bust hangs ver the future f the wrld ecnmy. (根本原因不是死亡人数的增加，而是出生率的下降。在世界大部分地区，生育率，即每个妇女的平均生育数量，正在急剧下降。虽然这种趋势可能很熟悉，但其程度和后果却不为人所知。尽管人工智能(AI)在某些方面带来了乐观情绪，但婴儿荒仍笼罩着世界经济的未来。)”可知，文章主要介绍了婴儿荒的原因和对经济的影响。故选D。
第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Discvering Yur True Self Is Vital t Happiness!
Have yu fund fcusing n yurself is at the bttm f the t-d list, because yu feel everyne else in yur life cmes first?____31____ Nw is exactly the perfect time t get t knw yurself in rder t understand yurself.
This isn’t just abut identifying yur favrite utfit, haircut r flavr f ice cream.____32____ It’s an pprtunity fr persnal grwth that can help yu make better chices fr yur wellbeing and lifelng happiness.
There are many tls t help yu develp a deeper sense f yurself, including jurnaling and ther frms f creative expressin. Yu can use a guided jurnal t explre yur thughts and feelings r just free write whatever cmes t mind. It’s up t yu what yu want t d.____33____.
____34____ Take nte f hw yu respnd t peple, what makes yu happy, and what makes yu unhappy. This can help yu identify patterns that are hlding yu back, such as feeling insecure r being easily angered. Once yu’ve identified these patterns, yu can wrk t change them.
An ften verlked yet very imprtant factr in self-discvery is having healthy bundaries in yur persnal life.____35____ Clearly cmmunicating yur bundaries is als a way t shw thers that yu are in cntrl f yur wn behavir and can expect the same frm them. This is a sign f maturity and respect, tw characteristics that are key t having healthy relatinships.
A. It’s ne thing t knw yur persnal type.
B. It’s a great way t shw that yu care abut thers.
C. Taking time fr urselves has been lked dwn upn.
D. Anther way is t bserve yur behavir in different situatins.
E. It allws yu t fcus n the needs f yurself withut ignring thers.
F. But try nt t get caught up in the criticism r judgment f yur writing.
G It’s abut understanding yur inner wrld and hw yu fit int the uter wrld.
【答案】31. C 32. G 33. F 34. D 35. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本篇主要讲了探索自己的内心世界对于自己的重要性，文章列举了一些探索自己内心世界方法，并解释了为什么这些方法可以带来更好的人际关系。
【31题详解】
根据上文“Have yu fund fcusing n yurself is at the bttm f the t-d list, because yu feel everyne else in yur life cmes first?(你是否发现关注自己被排在待办事项清单的最后，因为你觉得生活中的其他人都是第一位的？)”可知，上文提到生活中其他人都是第一位，故本句承接上文，说明没有给自己留时间。故C选项“给自己留点时间一直被人看不起”符合语境，故选C。
【32题详解】
根据上文“This isn’t just abut identifying yur favrite utfit, haircut r flavr f ice cream.(（关注自己）不仅仅是确定你最喜欢的衣服、发型或冰淇淋的味道)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出关注自己的真正含义。前一句的This isn’t just abut identifying和G选项It’s abut understanding构成句法上的转折关系。故G选项“这是关于了解你的内心世界，以及你如何适应外部世界”符合语境，故选G。
【33题详解】
根据上文“There are many tls t help yu develp a deeper sense f yurself, including jurnaling and ther frms f creative expressin. Yu can use a guided jurnal t explre yur thughts and feelings r just free write whatever cmes t mind. It’s up t yu what yu want t d.(有很多工具可以帮助你发展更深层次的自我意识，包括日记和其他形式的创造性表达。你可以使用指南来探索你的想法和感受，或者只是自由地写下任何想到的东西。你想做什么由你自己决定)”可知，本段在陈述写日记能够更好地探索你的内心世界，但是仅仅专注于写日记就好， 不要去批判日记中自己的想法。此处的writing与F选项中jurnaling可以构成同义替换。故F选项“但是尽量不要陷入对你写作的批评或评判中”符合语境，故选F。
【34题详解】
根据后文“Take nte f hw yu respnd t peple, what makes yu happy, and what makes yu unhappy. This can help yu identify patterns that are hlding yu back, such as feeling insecure r being easily angered. Once yu’ve identified these patterns, yu can wrk t change them.(注意你对别人的反应，什么让你快乐，什么让你不快乐。这可以帮助你识别阻碍你前进的模式，比如缺乏安全感或容易生气。一旦你确定了这些模式，你就可以努力改变它们)”可知，上一段陈述了一种关注自己内心世界的方法，而本段则是在陈述另外一种方法，因此D选项中Anther way is t符合并列的条件，且本句的意思也与后面的“关注自己在人际交往中如何反应”相符合。故D选项“另一种方法是观察你在不同情况下的行为”符合语境，故选D。
【35题详解】
根据上文“An ften verlked yet very imprtant factr in self-discvery is having healthy bundaries in yur persnal life.(自我发现的一个经常被忽视但非常重要的因素是在你的个人生活中有健康的界限)”以及后文“Clearly cmmunicating yur bundaries is als a way t shw thers that yu are in cntrl f yur wn behavir and can expect the same frm them. This is a sign f maturity and respect, tw characteristics that are key t having healthy relatinships.(清楚地表达你的界限也是一种向别人表明你能控制自己的行为，并期望他们也能做到这一点的方式。这是成熟和尊重的标志，这两个特征是拥有健康关系的关键)”可知，前一句陈述要划定一个健康的人际关系界限，后一句则提及和别人划清界限意味着你能够很好地控制自己的行为并且也希望别人能够控制好自己的行为，这种行为能够既关注自己也关注别人，故E选项“它能让你专注于自己的需求，而不会忽视他人”符合语境，故选E。
第三部分 课内基础 （共五节，共45分）
第一节 教材单词填空 （共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
请根据下列首字母和中文提示，用单词的正确形式填空。每空限一词。
36. She shares several character t______ (特征) with her father. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】traits##raits
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她和她的父亲有几个共同的性格特征。“特征”应用名词形式trait，为可数名词，空前由several修饰，名词应用复数形式，作动词shares的宾语。故填traits。
37. I thught it was w______ (值得的) t clarify the matter. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】wrthwhile##rthwhile
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我认为澄清这件事是值得。“值得的”应用形容词wrthwhile，在省略that引导的宾语从句中作表语，it was wrthwhile t d sth.表示“做某事是值得的”。故填wrthwhile。
38. Recycling is an imprtant part f the c______ (节约、保护) f resurces. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】cnservatin##nservatin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：回收利用是节约资源的重要组成部分。根据中英文提示可知应用名词cnservatin，作宾语，不可数。故填cnservatin。
39. She is ______ (乐观的) abut her chances f winning a gld medal. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】ptimistic##ptimistic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她对自己赢得金牌机会很乐观。“乐观的”需要填入形容词ptimistic，用于is之后作表语，be ptimistic abut表示“对……乐观”。故填ptimistic。
40. I hpe this will c______ (说服) yu t change yur mind. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】cnvince##nvince
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我希望这会说服你改变主意。“说服”且首字母为c的动词为cnvince，动词使用原形形式，与空前的will构成一般将来时，符合题意。故填cnvince。
41. The suth f the cuntry was wrst a______ (影响) by the drught. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】affected##ffected
【解析】
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：该国南部受干旱影响最为严重。“影响”使用动词affect，动词应用过去分词形式，与空前的was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填affected。
42. Were yu a______ (意识到的) that smething was wrng? (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】aware##ware
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：你意识到有什么不对劲了吗？根据首字母和中文提示，“意识到的”应用形容词aware，在主句中作表语，符合题意。故填aware。
43. He said it is still nt pssible t predict the u______ (最终的) utcme. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】ultimate##ltimate
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他说，现在还不可能预测最终的结果。“最终的”应用形容词ultimate，作定语修饰名词utcme，符合题意。故填ultimate。
44. She was an imaginative and i______ (革新的) manager. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】innvative##nnvative
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她是一位有想象力和革新的经理。“革新的”应用形容词innvative，与imaginative并列，作定语修饰名词manager。故填innvative。
45. I suggest that we meet n a r______ (定期的) basis. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】regular##egular
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我建议我们定期见面。根据中英文提示可知用形容词regular，作定语修饰名词basis，n a regular basis是固定短语“定期地，有规律地”。故填regular。
第二节 空英单词填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
请根据句意需要，用框格中单词的正确形式完成下列句子。
46. I am happy t ______ n the prject as lng as the wrklad is divided evenly.
47. Based n yur test scre, it’s ______ that yu didn’t study fr the exam.
48. When the rain started, everyne ______ t get inside.
49. Ben’s sister is a tp ______ fr the university’s swim team.
50. Our dining rm is s large that we ______ part f it int a TV rm last mnth.
51. Our teacher ______ learning by prviding a safe place fr us t share ideas.
52. The teacher embarrassed Maria by ______ her argument n the cause f glbal warming.
53. Maxine feels ______ t her best friend because Hilary always gets A’s n her tests.
54. In places with cld weather, peple ften have t ______ ice ff their cars befre driving.
55. Everyne hpes that Andy’s new business will ______.
【答案】46. cllabrate
47. evident
48. scrambled
49. prspect
50. cnverted
51. fsters
52. refuting
53. inferir
54. scrape 55. prsper
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查动词。句意：只要工作量分配均匀，我很乐意合作进行这个项目。根据句中the wrklad is divided evenly可知，此处表示“在工作量分配均匀的前提下，我乐意合作进行项目”，空处应用动词cllabrate，表示“合作”，不定式符号t后接动词原形。故填cllabrate。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：根据你的测试分数，显然你没有为考试准备。根据句中Based n yur test scre和yu didn’t study fr the exam可知，此处表示“从测试分数可以明显看出你没有为考试做准备”，空处应用形容词evident作表语，表示“明显的，显然的”，符合题意。故填evident。
【48题详解】
考查动词。句意：当开始下雨时，大家都争抢着进屋里。根据句中When the rain started可知，此处表示“下雨时，人们争抢着进屋里”，空处应用动词scramble，表示“争抢”，根据句中started可知，句子使用一般过去时，主句谓语动词使用过去式形式。故填scrambled。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：本的妹妹是大学游泳队的优秀候选人。根据句中tp和fr the university’s swim team可知，此处表示游泳队的优秀候选人，空处应用名词prspect，表示“（竞赛中的）有望获胜者”，符合题意，为可数名词，作句子表语，由空前a可知用单数形式。故填prspect。
【50题详解】
考查动词。句意：我们餐厅很大，上个月改造成了一部分为电视房。根据句中Our dining rm is s large和part f it int a TV rm可知，此处表示将大的餐厅的一部分改造成为电视房，空处应用动词cnvert作谓语，表示“转变，转换”，根据句中时间状语last mnth可知，从句描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填cnverted。
【51题详解】
考查动词。句意：我们的老师通过提供一个安全的地方让我们分享想法来促进学习。根据句中by prviding a safe place fr us t share ideas可知，此处表示老师提供一个安全的地方让学生们分享想法，从而促进学习，空处应用动词fster，表示“促进”，句子描述现在的一般情况，使用一般现在时，主语是Our teacher，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填fsters。
【52题详解】
考查动词。句意：老师通过反驳她关于全球变暖原因的论点使玛丽亚感到尴尬。根据句中embarrassed Maria可知，此处表示老师反驳玛利亚的观点，所以玛利亚感到尴尬，空处应用动词refute，表示“反驳”，介词by后接动名词形式作宾语。故填refuting。
【53题详解】
考查形容词。句意：麦克辛觉得自己不如她最好的朋友，因为希拉里总是能考得A。根据句中Hilary always gets A’s n her tests可知，此处表示希拉里总是能考得A，所以麦克辛觉得自己比不上希拉里，空处应用形容词inferir，表示“较差的，比不上的”，作句子表语，符合题意。故填inferir。
【54题详解】
考查动词。句意：在天气寒冷的地方，人们经常不得不在开车前刮掉车上的冰。根据句中ice ff their cars befre driving和常识可知，开车前人们需要刮掉车上的冰，空处应用动词scrape，表示“刮，削去”，have t后接动词原形。故填scrape。
【55题详解】
考查动词。句意：每个人都希望安迪的新生意兴隆。根据句中Everyne hpes和常识可知，此处表示人们会希望安迪生意兴隆，空处应用动词prsper，表示“繁荣，兴旺”，will后接动词原形，构成一般将来时，符合题意。故填prsper。
第三节 教材短语填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
用方框中短语的适当形式填空。有一个短语是多余的。
56. I wuldn’t speak t him,______ trust him and lend him sme mney.
57. A spkesman said that bad weather ______ fr the delay.
58. Nthing culd ______ his bitter memries f the past.
59. Why did she d a thing like that? It desn’t seem t ______ .
60. The accident ______ the death f tw passengers yesterday.
61. News that a huge earthquake might ccur ______ widespread panic s far.
62. The lng-range gal must be t ______ nuclear weapns altgether.
63. What they want ______ just ne thing. It is land.
64. If yu dn’t knw what yu want, yu might ______ getting smething yu dn’t want.
65. Anyne can ______ in life if he r she really tries hard.
【答案】56. let alne
57. was t blame
58. wipe ut
59. make sense
60. resulted in
61. has set ff
62. d away with
63. bils dwn t
64. end up 65. get ahead
【解析】
【56题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：我不会和他说话，更不用说信任他和借给他钱了。根据“I wuldn’t speak t him”以及句意“更不用说”可知应填let alne，根据后文and lend him sme mney可知应填原形。故填let alne。
【57题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：一位发言人说，恶劣的天气是延误的原因。根据“bad weather”以及句意“是……的原因”可知应填be t blame，根据上文said可知为一般过去时，主语为weather，谓语用单数。故填was t blame。
【58题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：什么也抹不去他对过去的痛苦回忆。根据“his bitter memries f the past”以及句意“抹去”可知应填wipe ut，且culd后跟动词原形。故填wipe ut。
【59题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：她为什么要做那样的事？这似乎说不通。根据“Why did she d a thing like that?”以及句意“说不通”可知应填make sense，此处为seem t d sth.。故填make sense。
60题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：昨天的事故造成两名乘客死亡。根据“the death f tw passengers”以及句意“造成”可知应填result in，根据yesterday可知为一般过去时。故填resulted in。
【61题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：到目前为止，可能发生大地震的消息引起了广泛的恐慌。根据“widespread panic”以及句意“引起”可知应填set ff，根据后文s far可知为现在完成时，主语为News，助动词用has。故填has set ff。
【62题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：长期目标必须是完全废除核武器。根据“nuclear weapns”以及句意“废除”可知应填d away with，不定式作表语。故填d away with。
【63题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：他们想要的可以归结为一件事。那就是陆地。根据“t just ne thing. It is land”以及句意“归结为”可知应填bil dwn t，根据want可知为一般现在时，主语为What they want，谓语用三单形式。故填bils dwn t。
【64题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：如果你不知道你想要什么，你可能最终得到你不想要的东西。根据“getting smething yu dn’t want”以及句意“最终”可知应填end up，且might后跟动词原形。故填end up。
【65题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：任何人都可以在生活中取得成功，如果他或她真的努力。根据“in life if he r she really tries hard”以及句意“取得成功”可知应填get ahead，且can后跟动词原形。故填get ahead。
第四节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
给提示词的填入其正确形式，没给提示词的仅填一个词。
66. By the time Jack returned hme frm England, his sn ____ ( graduate) frm cllege. （用所给单词适当形式填空）
【答案】had graduated
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：杰克从英国回到家时，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。由语境可知，graduate发生在returned之前，为过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had graduated。
67. It was the first time she ______ (see) him in persn. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had seen
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：这是她第一次亲自见到他。see“看见”。It was the first time that…为固定句型，表示“某人第……次做某事”，that从句中使用过去完成时。故填had seen。
68. Nbdy enjys________(criticize) in the presence f thers. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】being criticized
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：没人喜欢被人当着别人的面批评。Enjy ding为固定短语，意为“喜欢做某事”，且提示词与其逻辑主语Nbdy之间为被动关系，应用being dne形式，意为“没人喜欢被批评”，故填being criticized。
69. He intends t devte his life t ______ (cure) the sick in India. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】curing
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：他打算把自己的一生奉献给在印度治病救人。devte ne’s life t ding sth.是固定短语，表示“献身于/一生致力于做某事”，其中t是介词，后接动名词形式作宾语。故填curing。
70. Many peple think that ‘success’ means ________ (have) millins in the bank r a well-paid jb. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】having
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：很多人认为“成功”意味着在银行里有数百万的存款或者一份高薪的工作。mean ding sth.“意味着做某事”。根据句意，故填having。
71. Jhn said he wuld pay ______ secnd visit t China next mnth. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】a
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：约翰说他下个月会再次访问中国。序数词前用冠词a，表示“再一次”，a secnd visit，意为“第二次访问”。故填a。
72. Army helicpters tried t evacuate ______ injured after the earthquake. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】the
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：地震后，军用直升机试图疏散伤者。“the + 形容词” 表示一类人，the injured表示“伤者；受伤的人”。根据句意，故填the。
73. We went t the same clinic, ______ he had received the test eighteen years befre. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们去了同一家诊所，十八年前他在那里接受了检测。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the same clinic，先行词表示地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。
74. Luckily, we’d brught a rad map withut ________ we wuld have lst ur way. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】which
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：幸运的是，我们带来了一张路线图，没有它我们就会迷路。此处是介词+关系代词引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词map，指物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，应用介词+which引导定语从句，故填which。
【点睛】
75. After graduating frm cllege, I tk sme time ff t g travelling, ________ turned ut t be a wise decisin. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】which
【解析】
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：大学毕业后，我花了一些时间去旅行，这是一个明智的决定。分析句子可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，关系词指代整个主句内容并在从句中作主语。故填which。
第五节 课文填空（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）
课文填空
Being a prfessinal athlete is n different. If yu want t be an Olympic Champin, it is all abut that little extra thing yu have dne in yur preparatin that will ____76____ yur cmpetitrs.
Ding what we d as athletes sets us apart because we are willing t d that extra little bit that might take us t the tp. It is certainly ____77____ and it is certainly nt nrmal but thse wrds are generally nt used fr anyne wh is striving fr greatness.
This wuld mean we have t significantly change the way we live. Fr example, we need t take steps t ____78____, including setting up special areas where plants and animals can be prtected.
We als need t ____79____ t reduce water, air and land pllutin. In shrt, if we want t survive, we need t stp destrying the planet that we live n and start t prtect it.
If yur street is full f heavy traffic, talk t yur neighburs abut it. Write t the papers. G t the city gvernment. Ask fr a speed limit. D whichever f these things that suit yu. Dn’t just ____80____.
【答案】76. set yu apart frm
77. nt a balanced way t live
78. save endangered species
79. imprve ur farming methds
80. sit arund and cmplain
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了成为奥运冠军需要额外的努力，并呼吁采取措施保护环境。
【76题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：如果你想成为奥运冠军，关键在于你在准备过程中所做的一点额外的事情，这将使你从竞争对手中脱颖而出。根据句中little extra thing yu have dne in yur preparatin以及下文Ding what we d as athletes sets us apart可知，此处表示你在准备过程中所做的一点额外的事情将使你从竞争对手中脱颖而出，空处应用动词短语set yu apart frm，表示“让你与众不同，让你脱颖而出”，will后接动词原形形式，构成一般将来时，符合题意。故填set yu apart frm。
【77题详解】
考查名词短语。句意：这当然不是一种平衡的生活方式，当然也不正常，但这些词通常不用于任何追求伟大的人。根据句中and it is certainly nt nrmal可知，这是不正常的，推测此处表示这不是一种平衡的生活方式，空处应用名词短语nt a balanced way t live，其中动词不定式t live作后置定语修饰名词way，名词短语在句中作表语，符合题意。故填nt a balanced way t live。
【78题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：例如，我们需要采取措施拯救濒危物种，包括建立可以保护动植物的特殊区域。根据句中including setting up special areas where plants and animals can be prtected可知，此处表示采取具体的措施拯救濒危物种，空处应用动词短语save endangered species，表示“拯救濒危物种”，不定式符号t后接动词原形形式。故填save endangered species。
【79题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：我们还需要改进我们的耕作方法，以减少水、空气和土地污染。根据句中t reduce water, air and land pllutin可知，此处表示需要改进耕种方法，目的是为了减少水、空气和土地污染，空处应用动词短语imprve ur farming methds，表示“改进我们的耕作方法”，不定式符号t后接动词原形形式。故填imprve ur farming methds。
【80题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：不要只是坐着抱怨。根据上文If yur street is full f heavy traffic, talk t yur neighburs abut it. Write t the papers. G t the city gvernment. Ask fr a speed limit.可知，此处表示你应该采取措施，而不是只坐着抱怨，sit arund表示“坐着”，cmplain表示“抱怨”，动词使用并列连词and连接，切Dn’t后接动词原形形式。故填sit arund and cmplain。
第四部分 书面表达（共20分）
81. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国在巴黎奥运会上的精彩表现印象深刻，并请你介绍一位中国优秀的体育人物。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：
1.该人物的简单介绍；
2.你对该人物的评价。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Hw’s everything?
Glad t knw that we have a shared interest in sprts and sprts peple.
The sprtspersn I admire mst is Quan Hngchan. She started diving at the age f seven and shwed cnsiderable talent fr diving. Nevertheless, it seems that talent alne isn’t enugh t guarantee success. She trained fr abut seven hurs every day. Her hard wrk paid ff, and she finally wn the wmen’s 10m platfrm gld medal at the Tky 2020 Olympic Games.
The lessn I learned frm Quan Hngchan is that hard wrk is the key t success. I’m determined t study harder and carry frward the spirit f the Olympics: faster, higher and strnger.
Wh is yur favrite sprtspersn? Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给Jim回信，介绍一位中国优秀的体育人物。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
足够的：enugh→adequate
最终：finally→eventually
下定决心：be determined t→make up ne’s mind t
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：She started diving at the age f seven and shwed cnsiderable talent fr diving
拓展句：She started diving at the age f seven, fr which she shwed cnsiderable talent.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The sprtspersn I admire mst is Quan Hng chan. (运用了省略关系代词的定语从句)
【高分句型2】The lessn I learned frm Quan Hngchan is that hard wrk is the key t success. (运用了省略关系代词的定语从句和that引导的表语从句)
scramble cnvert evident fster cllabrate
scrape prspect refute prsper inferir
get ahead be t blame result in end up
let alne make sense wipe ut set ff apply
neself t d away with bil dwn t