英语八年级上册（2024）Unit 6 When disaster strikesUnderstanding ideas随堂练习题

这是一份英语八年级上册（2024）Unit 6 When disaster strikesUnderstanding ideas随堂练习题，共31页。试卷主要包含了语法讲解Ⅰ，语法讲解Ⅱ等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（语法讲解+词汇突破+分层精练）
目 录
TOC \ "1-2" \h \u \l "_Tc6735" 一、语法讲解Ⅰ：过去进行时 PAGEREF _Tc6735 \h 1
\l "_Tc24473" （一）构成2
\l "_Tc15881" （二）基本句式2
\l "_Tc27103" （三）常用时间状语2
\l "_Tc31137" （四）中考高频考点真题训练 PAGEREF _Tc31137 \h 2
\l "_Tc12798" 二、语法讲解Ⅱ：when 与while引导的时间状语从句 PAGEREF _Tc12798 \h 3
\l "_Tc2588" （一）核心区别 PAGEREF _Tc2588 \h 3
\l "_Tc12687" （二）互换条件 PAGEREF _Tc12687 \h 4
\l "_Tc20862" （三）易错点 PAGEREF _Tc20862 \h 4
\l "_Tc32203" （四）中考高频考点真题训练 PAGEREF _Tc32203 \h 4
\l "_Tc10179" 三、词汇突破 PAGEREF _Tc10179 \h 5
\l "_Tc25519" （一）词汇讲解 PAGEREF _Tc25519 \h 5
\l "_Tc28448" （二）词汇练习 PAGEREF _Tc28448 \h 7
\l "_Tc2334" 四、分层精练 PAGEREF _Tc2334 \h 7
\l "_Tc22632" （一）单项选择 PAGEREF _Tc22632 \h 7
\l "_Tc23599" （二）单词拼写 PAGEREF _Tc23599 \h 8
\l "_Tc24473" （三）完成句子 PAGEREF _Tc24473 \h 9
\l "_Tc15881" （四）选词填空 PAGEREF _Tc15881 \h 10
\l "_Tc27103" （五）拓展延伸 PAGEREF _Tc27103 \h 10
一、语法讲解Ⅰ：过去进行时
（一）构成
was/were + 动词ing形式
was：用于第一人称单数（I）、第三人称单数（he/she/it/单数名词）
were：用于第二人称（yu）、复数（we/they/复数名词）
例：I was studying; They were playing.
（二）基本句式
（三）常用时间状语
at 9 ’clck yesterday, at that mment, frm 7 t 9 last night, when the phne rang, while he was cking, all mrning yesterday, this time yesterday, during his lunch break 等。
（四）中考高频考点真题训练
A. 用所给动词的正确形式填空
1. — What ______ yu ______ (d) at 8 pm yesterday?
— I ______ (watch) a ftball match.
2. While my mther ______ (ck), I ______ (clean) the rm.
3. The students ______ (have) an exam when the fire alarm ______ (ring).
B.选择题
4. — Why didn’t yu answer my call?
— Srry, I ______ a shwer at that time.
A. tk B. was taking C. am taking
5. While Tm ______ his bike, he fell and hurt his leg.
A. rides B. rde C. was riding
6. They ______ TV when the lights suddenly went ut.
A. watched B. were watching C. are watching
C.句型转换
7. Lucy was drawing a picture at 3 pm yesterday. (改为一般疑问句)
→ ______ Lucy ______ a picture at 3 pm yesterday?
8. The bys were playing basketball n the playgrund. (对划线部分提问)
→ ______ ______ the bys ______ n the playgrund?
D.改错题
9. When I was walking in the park, I see a bird singing.
→ 错误：______ 改正：______
10. — Was it raining when yu gt hme?
— Yes, it rained heavily.
→ 答句错误：______ 改正：______
二、语法讲解Ⅱ：when 与while引导的时间状语从句
（一）核心区别
（二）互换条件
当从句为延续性动词且动作同时发生时，二者可互换：
I was reading when/while she called.（她打电话时，我正在读书。）
（三）易错点
while 后接非延续性动词→错误：
❌ While he arrived, I left.（arrive为非延续性动词）
✅ When he arrived, I left.
（四）中考高频考点真题训练
A.单项选择
1. ______ I was watching TV, the drbell rang.
A. When
B. While
C. As
2. He had just fallen asleep ______ the phne rang.
A. while
B. when
C. as
3. ______ did yu start learning English? — ______ I was 8.
A. When; While
B. When; When
C. While; When
4. She was cking ______ her children played in the garden.
A. when
B. while
C. until
5. I’ll call yu ______ I get t Beijing.
A. while
B. when
C. since
B. 用when或while填空
6. ______ the teacher came in, we were discussing the prblem.
7. Dn’t talk ludly ______ thers are studying!
C. 句型转换
8. He left. At that mment, it began t rain.（合并为一句）
→ ______ he left, it began t rain.
9. I was reading. My brther was playing games.（用while合并）
→ I was reading ______ my brther was playing games.
D.改错题
10. While the accident happened, I was walking nearby.
错误：______ → 更正：______
三、词汇突破
（一）词汇讲解
1. shake
含义：摇动；震动；握手
用法：作动词（过去式 shk，过去分词 shaken）
例句：
Shake the bttle befre drinking. （摇动）
They shk hands after the meeting. （握手）
2. scared
含义：害怕的，恐惧的
用法：作形容词（=afraid，常用搭配：be scared f）
例句：
The little girl is scared f thunder.
Dn’t be scared—it’s just a spider.
3. shut
含义：关闭；合上
用法：作动词（过去式/过去分词 shut，可替换 clse）
例句：
Shut the windw, please. It’s cld utside.
The shp shuts at 9 p.m. every day.
4. straight
含义：笔直的；直接地
用法：作形容词/副词
例句：
Draw a straight line n the paper. （形容词）
G straight alng this rad. （副词）
5. smke
含义：吸烟；烟
用法：作动词/名词
例句：
It’s unhealthy t smke. （动词）
We saw thick smke frm the building. （名词）
6. service
含义：服务；公共服务
用法：作名词（不可数）
例句：
The service in this restaurant is excellent.
Bus service stps at midnight.
7. wake sb up
含义：叫醒某人
用法：动词短语（wakewkewken）
例句：
The alarm clck wakes me up at 7 a.m. daily.
Dn’t wake the baby up!
（二）词汇练习
A.单项选择
1. When yu meet smene fr the first time, yu shuld ______ hands.
A. shut B. shake C. smke D. straight
2. The child was ______ when he saw the big dg.
A. service B. scared C. straight D. shut
3. Please ______ the dr quietly. Dad is sleeping.
A. wake up B. smke C. shut D. service
4. Walk ______ ahead, and yu’ll see the library.
A. scared B. straight C. service D. ppsite
5. Smking is nt allwed here. Please stp ______.
A. service B. t shake C. smke D. smking
B.完形填空
Last night, thick (6) ______ came frm the kitchen. I was s (7) ______ that I (8) ______ all my family members up.
6. A. scared B. service C. smke D. straight
7. A. service B. scared C. shake D. shut
8. A. wke B. shk C. smked D. shut
C.翻译句子
9. 为了提供更好的服务，这家店延长了营业时间。（service）

10.今早闹钟没响，所以妈妈叫醒了我。（wake sb up）

四、分层精练
（一）单项选择
1．While my mther ________ dinner, my father was reading a newspaper.
A．ckedB．was ckingC．cksD．is cking
2．I ________ my hmewrk when my mther ________ in.
A．was ding; cmes B．is ding; cameC．is ding; cmeD．was ding; came
3．—Maria, I called yu at abut six yesterday afternn, but nbdy answered the phne.
—Oh, srry, Jack. I________ my mm ck dinner in the kitchen at that time.
A．am helpingB．will helpC．was helpingD．help
4．When the teacher came in, the students ________ abut the basketball games.
A．talkedB．were talking
C．are talkingD．have talked
5．Jenny ______ in the kitchen at 5 ’clck yesterday afternn.
A．is ckingB．cksC．was ckingD．cking
6．Last night while I ________ a bk, smene kncked n the dr.
A．readB．was readingC．will readD．am reading
7．—What d yu think f the answer t the questin?
—Srry, what is that? I ________ abut smething else.
A．thughtB．have thughtC．has thinkingD．was thinking
8．—There was an accident at 8 ’clck last night. Did yu see that?
—Srry, I ________ a ftball match n TV in my living rm.
A．watchedB．was watchingC．am watchingD．was watched
9．The children ______ in the park when it started t rain.
A．playB．playedC．were playingD．are playing
10．—What was Lucy ding at 8 ’clck last night?
—Srry, I didn’t knw. I ________ the newspaper at that time.
A．readB．am readingC．was readingD．will read
（二）单词拼写
11．The (铁路) cnnects these small villages with the big mdern city.
12．It is amazing that birds wuld take a (沙子) bath n the grund t stay clean and drive away parasites (寄生虫).
13．He walked (直接) int the meeting rm.
14．It’s snwing nw. The g will be white tmrrw.
15．G (笔直地) alng this rad. Then turn right at the bkstre.
16．David is a famus (smene wh trains a persn r team in a particular sprt) and he devtes much time int studying the 110-metre hurdle race.
17．It was (shck) that a ftball fan ran nt the ftball field suddenly t hug the athlete.
18．If yu g t Xi’an, an ancient capital f thirteen dynasties, yu can’t miss its (histry) places.
19． buildings shuld be well prtected because they are f great value in the study f histry, science and art. (histry)
20．That scary mvie made me feel s (害怕的).
21．The fd is delicius at this htel, but the seems pr. (serve)
22．It’s imprtant t d yur wn way f thinking when yu study math.
23．They g t schl n (工作日), frm Mnday t Friday.
24．The htel ffers excellent t make all the guests cmfrtable during their stay. (servant)
25．Althugh the /flʌd/ brke many things, it brught peple clser.
（三）完成句子
26．一个勇敢的消防队员冲进房间寻找那个男孩。
A brave fireman the rm t lk fr the by.
27．昨晚的吵闹声把我吵醒了。
The nise me last night.
28．当他进来时我正在读小说《汤姆·索亚历险记》。
I the nvel The Adventures f Tm Sawyer when he came in.
29．当时，莉莉正在复习功课，而我正在浏览新闻。
At that mment, Lily lessns while I was the news.
30．当他们正在等火车时，一个男孩向他们跑来。
While they fr the train, a by ran up t them.
（四）选词填空
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整正确 (每词限用一次)
It was 2:43 am, 20th Octber. It was raining heavily utside. Suddenly my father rushed int my rm. “Daming! Get up! We’re flding!” he 31 and shk me. That wke 32 up! I ran dwnstairs. It was like a swimming pl. My mther and I started t pick up things and take them 33 .
Things gt wrse every minute. We were in great 34 . Water had cme in frm ur frnt dr. 35 we knew ur hme was being destryed, we culdn’t d anything t stp it. Rescue bats came and finally we reached a primary schl 36 . All the peple there helped 37 ther.
I really have learnt a lt 38 this fld. I have learnt smething 39 abut safety. I knw in the future, 40 I find peple are in danger, I will shw great pity and d what I can t help them.
（五）拓展延伸
A.阅读理解
41．Where shuld yu put the emergency kit?
A．In the car.B．In a dangerus place.C．In an easy-t-reach place.D．On higher grund.
42．When a fld cmes, yu shuldn’t ________.
A．walk r drive thrugh flded areasB．leave yur car
C．prepare waterprf clthingD．put yur valuables in waterprf bags
43．Hw many tips we can fllw t stay ut f danger during a fld?
A．OneB．TwC．ThreeD．Fur
44．Which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A．Viruses can’t spread after a fld.
B．We shuld keep fllwing the latest lcal news after the fld ends.
C．We can use r tuch smething that the water tuched after a fld.
D．We can use electrnics at nce after the fld ends.
B.书面表达
45．Susanna所在的城市昨天晚上发生了一场地震。很幸运，地震并不强烈，他们全家安然无恙。假如你是Susanna，请描述一下地震发生时家人的活动情景，80词左右。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案
目 录
TOC \ "1-2" \h \u \l "_Tc6735" 一、语法讲解Ⅰ：过去进行时 PAGEREF _Tc6735 \h 1
\l "_Tc24473" （一）构成2
\l "_Tc15881" （二）基本句式2
\l "_Tc27103" （三）常用时间状语2
\l "_Tc31137" （四）中考高频考点真题训练 PAGEREF _Tc31137 \h 2
\l "_Tc12798" 二、语法讲解Ⅱ：when 与while引导的时间状语从句 PAGEREF _Tc12798 \h 4
\l "_Tc2588" （一）核心区别 PAGEREF _Tc2588 \h 4
\l "_Tc12687" （二）互换条件 PAGEREF _Tc12687 \h 4
\l "_Tc20862" （三）易错点 PAGEREF _Tc20862 \h 4
\l "_Tc32203" （四）中考高频考点真题训练 PAGEREF _Tc32203 \h 5
\l "_Tc10179" 三、词汇突破 PAGEREF _Tc10179 \h 7
\l "_Tc25519" （一）词汇讲解 PAGEREF _Tc25519 \h 7
\l "_Tc28448" （二）词汇练习 PAGEREF _Tc28448 \h 8
\l "_Tc2334" 四、分层精练 PAGEREF _Tc2334 \h 9
\l "_Tc22632" （一）单项选择 PAGEREF _Tc22632 \h 10
\l "_Tc23599" （二）单词拼写 PAGEREF _Tc23599 \h 12
\l "_Tc24473" （三）完成句子 PAGEREF _Tc24473 \h 14
\l "_Tc15881" （四）选词填空 PAGEREF _Tc15881 \h 16
\l "_Tc27103" （五）拓展延伸 PAGEREF _Tc27103 \h 17
一、语法讲解Ⅰ：过去进行时
（一）构成
was/were + 动词ing形式
was：用于第一人称单数（I）、第三人称单数（he/she/it/单数名词）
were：用于第二人称（yu）、复数（we/they/复数名词）
例：I was studying; They were playing.
（二）基本句式
（三）常用时间状语
at 9 ’clck yesterday, at that mment, frm 7 t 9 last night, when the phne rang, while he was cking, all mrning yesterday, this time yesterday, during his lunch break 等。
（四）中考高频考点真题训练
A. 用所给动词的正确形式填空
1. — What ______ yu ______ (d) at 8 pm yesterday?
— I ______ (watch) a ftball match.
2. While my mther ______ (ck), I ______ (clean) the rm.
3. The students ______ (have) an exam when the fire alarm ______ (ring).
B.选择题
4. — Why didn’t yu answer my call?
— Srry, I ______ a shwer at that time.
A. tk B. was taking C. am taking
5. While Tm ______ his bike, he fell and hurt his leg.
A. rides B. rde C. was riding
6. They ______ TV when the lights suddenly went ut.
A. watched B. were watching C. are watching
C.句型转换
7. Lucy was drawing a picture at 3 pm yesterday. (改为一般疑问句)
→ ______ Lucy ______ a picture at 3 pm yesterday?
8. The bys were playing basketball n the playgrund. (对划线部分提问)
→ ______ ______ the bys ______ n the playgrund?
D.改错题
9. When I was walking in the park, I see a bird singing.
→ 错误：______ 改正：______
10. — Was it raining when yu gt hme?
— Yes, it rained heavily.
→ 答句错误：______ 改正：______
【答案】
1. were; ding; was watching
2. was cking; was cleaning
3. were having; rang
4. B（过去进行时强调动作进行中）
5. C（while后接过去进行时表持续动作）
6. B（主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时）
7. Was; drawing
8. What were; ding
9. see → saw（when引导的从句用一般过去时）
10. rained → was raining（需用过去进行时强调“正在下雨”）
【详解】
第1题：问句为特殊疑问句（what + were + 主语 + ding），答句用过去进行时描述当时动作。
第3题：主句动作（考试）被从句动作（铃响）打断，主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时。
第5题：while后必须接延续性动词的进行时态，ride是延续动作，故选C。
第10题：问句询问“到家时是否正在下雨”，答句需用过去进行时（was raining）匹配时间背景。
二、语法讲解Ⅱ：when 与while引导的时间状语从句
（一）核心区别
（二）互换条件
当从句为延续性动词且动作同时发生时，二者可互换：
I was reading when/while she called.（她打电话时，我正在读书。）
（三）易错点
while 后接非延续性动词→错误：
❌ While he arrived, I left.（arrive为非延续性动词）
✅ When he arrived, I left.
（四）中考高频考点真题训练
A.单项选择
1. ______ I was watching TV, the drbell rang.
A. When
B. While
C. As
【答案】B
【详解】从句动词“watching”为延续性动作，主句“rang”为瞬间动作，强调“看电视过程中门铃响”，用while。
2. He had just fallen asleep ______ the phne rang.
A. while
B. when
C. as
【答案】B
【详解】固定句型“had just dne... when...”表示“刚…就…”，非延续性动作（rang）用when。
3. ______ did yu start learning English? — ______ I was 8.
A. When; While
B. When; When
C. While; When
【答案】B
【详解】疑问句“when”提问时间点；答句中“was”表状态（延续性），但回答具体年龄用when（时间点）。
4. She was cking ______ her children played in the garden.
A. when
B. while
C. until
【答案】B
【详解】两个延续性动作（cking/played）同时发生，强调对比，用while。
5. I’ll call yu ______ I get t Beijing.
A. while
B. when
C. since
【答案】B
【详解】主句将来时，从句“get”为瞬间动词，需用when；while后需接延续性动词。
B. 用when或while填空
6. ______ the teacher came in, we were discussing the prblem.
【答案】When
【详解】主句为进行时（were discussing），从句为瞬间动作（came in），用when。
7. Dn’t talk ludly ______ thers are studying!
【答案】while
【详解】从句“are studying”为延续性动作，强调动作持续期间的要求。
C. 句型转换
8. He left. At that mment, it began t rain.（合并为一句）
→ ______ he left, it began t rain.
【答案】When
【详解】两个瞬间动作（left/began）先后发生，用when。
9. I was reading. My brther was playing games.（用while合并）
→ I was reading ______ my brther was playing games.
【答案】while
【详解】两个延续性动作同时进行，表对比，用while。
D.改错题
10. While the accident happened, I was walking nearby.
错误：______ → 更正：______
【答案】While → When
【详解】“happen”为非延续性动词，不可用while。
三、词汇突破
（一）词汇讲解
1. shake
含义：摇动；震动；握手
用法：作动词（过去式 shk，过去分词 shaken）
例句：
Shake the bttle befre drinking. （摇动）
They shk hands after the meeting. （握手）
2. scared
含义：害怕的，恐惧的
用法：作形容词（=afraid，常用搭配：be scared f）
例句：
The little girl is scared f thunder.
Dn’t be scared—it’s just a spider.
3. shut
含义：关闭；合上
用法：作动词（过去式/过去分词 shut，可替换 clse）
例句：
Shut the windw, please. It’s cld utside.
The shp shuts at 9 p.m. every day.
4. straight
含义：笔直的；直接地
用法：作形容词/副词
例句：
Draw a straight line n the paper. （形容词）
G straight alng this rad. （副词）
5. smke
含义：吸烟；烟
用法：作动词/名词
例句：
It’s unhealthy t smke. （动词）
We saw thick smke frm the building. （名词）
6. service
含义：服务；公共服务
用法：作名词（不可数）
例句：
The service in this restaurant is excellent.
Bus service stps at midnight.
7. wake sb up
含义：叫醒某人
用法：动词短语（wakewkewken）
例句：
The alarm clck wakes me up at 7 a.m. daily.
Dn’t wake the baby up!
（二）词汇练习
A.单项选择
1. When yu meet smene fr the first time, yu shuld ______ hands.
A. shut B. shake C. smke D. straight
【答案】B
【详解】shake hands 是固定搭配，意为“握手”。
2. The child was ______ when he saw the big dg.
A. service B. scared C. straight D. shut
【答案】B
【详解】scared 作形容词，表示“害怕的”，符合句意“孩子看到大狗很害怕”。
3. Please ______ the dr quietly. Dad is sleeping.
A. wake up B. smke C. shut D. service
【答案】C
【详解】shut 意为“关闭”，符合语境“请轻轻关门”。
4. Walk ______ ahead, and yu’ll see the library.
A. scared B. straight C. service D. ppsite
【答案】B
【详解】straight 作副词，表示“笔直地”，修饰动词 walk。
5. Smking is nt allwed here. Please stp ______.
A. service B. t shake C. smke D. smking
【答案】D
【详解】stp ding sth 表示“停止做某事”，smke 此处作动名词。
B.完形填空
Last night, thick (6) ______ came frm the kitchen. I was s (7) ______ that I (8) ______ all my family members up.
6. A. scared B. service C. smke D. straight
7. A. service B. scared C. shake D. shut
8. A. wke B. shk C. smked D. shut
【答案】6.C 7.B 8.A
【详解】
第6题：smke 作名词“烟”；
第7题：scared 作表语“感到害怕”；
第8题：wake sb up 的过去式 wke。
C.翻译句子
9. 为了提供更好的服务，这家店延长了营业时间。（service）

【答案】In rder t prvide better service, this shp has extended its business hurs.
【详解】service 作不可数名词，表“服务”。
10.今早闹钟没响，所以妈妈叫醒了我。（wake sb up）

【答案】：The alarm didn’t ring this mrning, s my mm wke me up.
【详解】wake sb up 的过去式为 wke sb up。
四、分层精练
（一）单项选择
1．While my mther ________ dinner, my father was reading a newspaper.
A．ckedB．was ckingC．cksD．is cking
【答案】B
【详解】句意：当我母亲在做饭时，我父亲在看报纸。
考查动词时态。本句是while引导的时间状语从句，此处强调主句的动作发生时，从句的动作也正在进行，结合“my father was reading a newspaper ”可知，空处应用过去进行时。故选B。
2．I ________ my hmewrk when my mther ________ in.
A．was ding; cmes B．is ding; cameC．is ding; cmeD．was ding; came
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我正在做作业时，妈妈进来了。
考查动词时态。此句是when引导的时间状语从句，描述的都是过去的事情。强调妈妈进来的时候，自己正在做作业，主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时。故选D。
3．—Maria, I called yu at abut six yesterday afternn, but nbdy answered the phne.
—Oh, srry, Jack. I________ my mm ck dinner in the kitchen at that time.
A．am helpingB．will helpC．was helpingD．help
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——玛丽亚，我昨天下午六点左右给你打电话，但是没有人接电话。——哦，对不起，杰克。那时我正在厨房帮妈妈做饭。
考查时态。根据“at that time”可知，句子时态是过去进行时，故选C。
4．When the teacher came in, the students ________ abut the basketball games.
A．talkedB．were talking
C．are talkingD．have talked
【答案】B
【详解】句意：老师进来时，学生们正在谈论篮球比赛。
考查时态。根据“When the teacher came in”可知，此处指过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。故选B。
5．Jenny ______ in the kitchen at 5 ’clck yesterday afternn.
A．is ckingB．cksC．was ckingD．cking
【答案】C
【详解】句意：Jenny昨天下午五点钟的时候正在厨房里做饭。
考查动词时态。根据“at 5 ’clck yesterday afternn”可知，时态为过去进行时，结构为was/were＋动词现在分词，主语“Jenny”为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故选C。
6．Last night while I ________ a bk, smene kncked n the dr.
A．readB．was readingC．will readD．am reading
【答案】B
【详解】句意：昨晚我正在读书时，有人在敲门。
考查动词的时态。根据“while”和“smene kncked n the dr.”可知，此句是while引导的时间状语从句，动作发生在过去，强调正在看书的时候，有人敲门，应用过去进行时，即was/were ding的结构。故选B。
7．—What d yu think f the answer t the questin?
—Srry, what is that? I ________ abut smething else.
A．thughtB．have thughtC．has thinkingD．was thinking
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你觉得这个问题的答案怎么样？——抱歉，那是什么？我刚才在想别的事情。
考查过去进行时。根据“What d yu think f the answer t the questin”可知，此处表示刚才问话时正在走神，需用过去进行时，描述问话的那个时刻正在发生的动作，结构为was/were ding。故选D。
8．—There was an accident at 8 ’clck last night. Did yu see that?
—Srry, I ________ a ftball match n TV in my living rm.
A．watchedB．was watchingC．am watchingD．was watched
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——昨晚8点发生了一起事故。你看到了吗？——抱歉，我当时正在客厅里看电视上的足球比赛。
考查动词时态。根据“at 8 ’clck last night”可知，此处说的是过去某一时刻正在发生的事情，应用过去进行时，was/were ding，故选B。
9．The children ______ in the park when it started t rain.
A．playB．playedC．were playingD．are playing
【答案】C
【详解】句意：孩子们在公园里玩的时候开始下雨了。
考查动词时态。根据“when it started t rain”可知，表示过去某个时间在做什么，be ding … when“正在做某事，这时……”，空处用过去进行时“was/were+现在分词”。故选C。
10．—What was Lucy ding at 8 ’clck last night?
—Srry, I didn’t knw. I ________ the newspaper at that time.
A．readB．am readingC．was readingD．will read
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——昨晚8点露西在做什么？——对不起，我不知道。那时我正在看报纸。
考查过去进行时。根据问句“at 8 ’clck last night”可知，“at that time”指代昨晚8点，答句需说明当时正在进行的动作，因此用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were+现在分词”。故选C。
（二）单词拼写
11．The (铁路) cnnects these small villages with the big mdern city.
【答案】railway
【详解】句意：这条铁路把这些小村庄和现代化的大城市连接起来。railway“铁路”，此处表示特指，所以用单数名词。故填railway。
12．It is amazing that birds wuld take a (沙子) bath n the grund t stay clean and drive away parasites (寄生虫).
【答案】sand
【详解】句意：鸟儿会在地上洗沙浴来保持清洁并驱赶寄生虫，这太神奇了。根据汉语提示，“沙子”sand，是不可数名词，“take a sand bath”意为“洗沙浴”，符合语境。故填sand。
13．He walked (直接) int the meeting rm.
【答案】straight
【详解】句意：他直接走进了会议室。直接：straight，副词，修饰“walked” ，表明他径直走进会议室。故填straight。
14．It’s snwing nw. The g will be white tmrrw.
【答案】(g)rund
【详解】句意：现在在下雪。明天地面将是白色的。根据“It’s snwing nw.”和首字母提示可知，地面将会变白色。grund“地面”。故填(g)rund。
15．G (笔直地) alng this rad. Then turn right at the bkstre.
【答案】straight
【详解】句意：沿着这条路笔直走。然后在书店处右转。根据中文提示，straight“笔直地”，作副词，修饰动词g，符合句意。故填straight。
16．David is a famus (smene wh trains a persn r team in a particular sprt) and he devtes much time int studying the 110-metre hurdle race.
【答案】cach
【详解】句意：大卫是一位著名的教练，他花很多时间研究110米跨栏赛跑。根据“smene wh trains a persn r team in a particular sprt”可知此处是指教练，cach“教练”，其前有冠词a，故此处应用名词单数。故填cach。
17．It was (shck) that a ftball fan ran nt the ftball field suddenly t hug the athlete.
【答案】shcking
【详解】句意：令人震惊的是， 一个足球迷突然跑到足球场上拥抱这个运动员。shck“使震惊”，作动词，根据空前是be动词，此处应用形容词shcking“令人震惊的”，作表语，且修饰事物。故填shcking。
18．If yu g t Xi’an, an ancient capital f thirteen dynasties, yu can’t miss its (histry) places.
【答案】histric/histrical
【详解】句意：如果你去西安，这座曾是十三朝古都的城市，你一定不能错过它的历史名胜。根据空后的名词“places”可知，此处应用histry的形容词“histric历史性的”或“histrical与历史有关的”，在句中作定语，均符合语境。故填histric/histrical。
19． buildings shuld be well prtected because they are f great value in the study f histry, science and art. (histry)
【答案】Histrical
【详解】句意：历史建筑应该得到很好的保护，因为它们在历史、科学和艺术研究中具有重要价值。此处修饰名词buildings，应该用形容词histrical“历史的”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Histrical。
20．That scary mvie made me feel s (害怕的).
【答案】(s)cared
【详解】句意：那部恐怖电影使我感到害怕。scared“感到害怕的”，用来形容人的感受，make sb. feel + adj.“让某人感觉……”，故填(s)cared。
21．The fd is delicius at this htel, but the seems pr. (serve)
【答案】service
【详解】句意：这家旅馆的食物很美味，但服务似乎很差。根据“ pr”可知，横线处需填名词，serve是动词，其名词形式为service“（对顾客的）接待，服务”，为不可数名词。故填service。
22．It’s imprtant t d yur wn way f thinking when yu study math.
【答案】(d)evelp
【详解】句意：学习数学时，形成自己的思维方式很重要。根据“It’s imprtant t …yur wn way f thinking when yu study math.”以及首字母提示可知，空处填动词原形，此处指“形成/发展思维方式”，develp“形成；发展”。故填(d)evelp。
23．They g t schl n (工作日), frm Mnday t Friday.
【答案】weekdays
【详解】句意：他们在工作日（星期一到星期五）上学。“工作日”weekday，此处使用复数形式。故填weekdays。
24．The htel ffers excellent t make all the guests cmfrtable during their stay. (servant)
【答案】service
【详解】句意：酒店为所有客人提供极好的服务，确保他们在住宿期间感到舒适。根据“The htel ffers excellent...”和提示词可知，此处指酒店的“服务”很好，其英文表达为service，不可数名词。故填service。
25．Althugh the /flʌd/ brke many things, it brught peple clser.
【答案】fld
【详解】句意：尽管洪水毁坏了许多东西，但它让人们走得更近了。根据音标/flʌd/可知，对应的单词是fld“洪水”，为名词，在句中作主语，符合语境，故填fld。
（三）完成句子
26．一个勇敢的消防队员冲进房间寻找那个男孩。
A brave fireman the rm t lk fr the by.
【答案】 rushed int
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“冲进”。“冲进”对应的短语是rush int，句子描述的是过去发生的动作，因此rush用过去式rushed，故填rushed；int。
27．昨晚的吵闹声把我吵醒了。
The nise me last night.
【答案】 wke up
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“把……吵醒”。“把……吵醒”对应的短语是wake up，句中时间状语“last night”表明动作发生在过去，因此wake用过去式，故填wke；up。
28．当他进来时我正在读小说《汤姆·索亚历险记》。
I the nvel The Adventures f Tm Sawyer when he came in.
【答案】 was reading
【详解】根据中英文对照，空格处缺“正在读”的表达。read“阅读”，“正在读”表示的是过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were+现在分词”，主语是“I”，be动词用was，read的现在分词是reading。故填was；reading。
29．当时，莉莉正在复习功课，而我正在浏览新闻。
At that mment, Lily lessns while I was the news.
【答案】 was reviewing lking thrugh
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空缺部分是“正在复习”和“正在浏览”，review“复习”，动词，lk thrugh“浏览”，动词短语；又根据句意和“At that mment”可知，此处考查过去进行时，结构为：was/were+现在分词，第一句主语是Lily，所以第一、二空应该填入was reviewing，作谓语；根据第三空前“was”，可知所以第三、四空应该填入lking thrugh，与was一同作谓语。故填was；reviewing；lking；thrugh。
30．当他们正在等火车时，一个男孩向他们跑来。
While they fr the train, a by ran up t them.
【答案】 were waiting
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空缺部分是“正在等”，wait“等待”；又根据“a by ran up t them.”可知，此处时态为过去进行时，且该句主语是they，所以此处应该填入were waiting，作谓语，意为“正在等”。故填were；waiting。
（四）选词填空
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整正确 (每词限用一次)
It was 2:43 am, 20th Octber. It was raining heavily utside. Suddenly my father rushed int my rm. “Daming! Get up! We’re flding!” he 31 and shk me. That wke 32 up! I ran dwnstairs. It was like a swimming pl. My mther and I started t pick up things and take them 33 .
Things gt wrse every minute. We were in great 34 . Water had cme in frm ur frnt dr. 35 we knew ur hme was being destryed, we culdn’t d anything t stp it. Rescue bats came and finally we reached a primary schl 36 . All the peple there helped 37 ther.
I really have learnt a lt 38 this fld. I have learnt smething 39 abut safety. I knw in the future, 40 I find peple are in danger, I will shw great pity and d what I can t help them.
【答案】
31．shuted 32．me 33．upstairs 34．truble 35．Althugh 36．safely 37．each 38．frm 39．imprtant 40．if
【详解】本文主要讲述作者在洪水中的经历和感悟。
31．句意：“大明！快醒醒！我们被水淹了！”他大声喊道，并摇晃着我。根据“We’re flding!”可知，发生洪水了，父亲大声喊自己，结合“ shk”可知，用一般过去时。shut“大喊”，过去式为shuted。故填shuted。
32．句意：那把我叫醒了。根据“Suddenly my father rushed int my rm.”和“ me”可知，父亲冲进自己房间，把自己叫醒了。I变为宾格me，作动词wke的宾语。故填me。
33．句意：我和母亲开始收拾东西，把它们搬到楼上。根据前文“I ran dwnstairs. It was like a swimming pl.”可知，楼下被淹的像泳池，所以自己和母亲把东西搬到楼上。upstairs意为“在楼上”，符合语境。故填upstairs。
34．句意：我们陷入了大麻烦。根据“Things gt wrse every minute. We were in great...”可知，事情变得更糟糕，他们陷入了大麻烦，be in truble意为“遇上麻烦”，故填truble。
35．句意：虽然我们知道我们的家园正在被摧毁，但我们无能为力阻止它。根据“ knew ur hme was being destryed, we culdn’t d anything t stp it.”可知，虽然知道家园正在被摧毁，但他们无能为力阻止它。althugh“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句，符合语境，句首首字母大写，故填Althugh。
36．句意：救援船只抵达后，我们终于安全地抵达了一所小学。根据“Rescue bats came and finally we reached a primary schl...”可知，救援船只到达后，他们安全地抵达了一所小学，形容词safe变为副词“safely”，意为“安全地”，修饰动词reached。故填safely。
37．句意：那里的所有人互相帮助。each ther“彼此，互相”，符合语境。故填each。
38．句意：我真的从这次洪水中学到了很多。根据“I really have learnt a fld.”可知，作者从这次洪水中学到了很多，意为“从……中学到……”，故填frm。
39．句意：我学到了一些关于安全的重要知识。根据“I have learnt safety.”和备选词汇可知，作者学到了一些关于安全的重要知识，imprtant“重要的”，形容词，作后置定语，符合语境。故填imprtant。
40．句意：我知道，未来如果我发现有人处于危险之中，我会感到深深的同情，并尽我所能去帮助他们。根据“ find peple are in danger, I will shw great pity and d what I can t help them.”可知，此处为if引导的条件状语从句，表示如果自己发现有人处于危险之中，会感到深深的同情，并尽所能去帮助他们。if“如果”，符合语境。故填if。
（五）拓展延伸
A.阅读理解
41．Where shuld yu put the emergency kit?
A．In the car.B．In a dangerus place.C．In an easy-t-reach place.D．On higher grund.
42．When a fld cmes, yu shuldn’t ________.
A．walk r drive thrugh flded areasB．leave yur car
C．prepare waterprf clthingD．put yur valuables in waterprf bags
43．Hw many tips we can fllw t stay ut f danger during a fld?
A．OneB．TwC．ThreeD．Fur
44．Which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A．Viruses can’t spread after a fld.
B．We shuld keep fllwing the latest lcal news after the fld ends.
C．We can use r tuch smething that the water tuched after a fld.
D．We can use electrnics at nce after the fld ends.
【答案】41．C 42．A 43．D 44．B
【详解】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了洪水发生时的应对措施和注意事项，包括应急包的准备、避险方法以及灾后安全建议。
41．细节理解题。根据“Make an emergency kit (应急包). Keep it in an easy-t-reach place.”可知，应急包应放置在方便取用的位置。故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据“D nt try t walk r drive thrugh flded areas”可知，洪水来临时应避免涉水。故选A。
43．细节理解题。根据“Fllw these tips t stay ut f danger during a fld.”下面的“●Lk ut fr fld warnings.●Head t higher grund and stay there.●D nt try t walk r drive thrugh flded areas, as they can be deeper than yu realize.●Leave yur car. It wn’t help yu if it gets stuck in the water.”可知，此部分共列出4条建议。故选D。
44．细节理解题。根据“Keep fllwing the latest lcal news.”可知，应该持续关注当地最新消息。故选B。
B.书面表达
45．Susanna所在的城市昨天晚上发生了一场地震。很幸运，地震并不强烈，他们全家安然无恙。假如你是Susanna，请描述一下地震发生时家人的活动情景，80词左右。
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【答案】例文：
My name is Susanna. In ur city, there was an earthquake at 8:32 yesterday evening. At that time, I was taking a shwer in the bathrm. My mther was cleaning up the kitchen and my father was watching TV in the living rm. My elder sister Alice was wrking n her cmputer in her rm. We were very scared. Luckily, the earthquake was nt strng and it didn’t last lng. And we were all safe.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：主要以“一般过去时”和“过去进行时”为主；
③提示：需具体描述地震发生时家人的活动场景，可适当增加细节内容。
[写作步骤]
第一步，先作自我介绍，以及说明地震发生时的时间和地点；
第二步，具体描述地震发生时家人的活动场景，应列举具体事例；
第三步，结尾点明“安然无恙”，呼应题目中的“幸运”。
[亮点词汇]
①at that time当时
②take a shwer洗淋浴
③luckily幸运的是
[高分句型]
①In ur city, there was an earthquake at 8:32 yesterday evening. (there be句型)
句式
结构
例句（中英对照）
肯定句
主语 + was/were + ding
她昨晚7点在做作业。
She was ding hmewrk at 7 pm yesterday.
否定句
主语 + was/were nt + ding
他们没在听音乐。
They were nt listening t music.
一般疑问句
Was/Were + 主语 + ding?
你那时在看书吗？
Were yu reading a bk then?
特殊疑问句
疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + ding?
他们在讨论什么？
What were they discussing?
要点
when
while
动词类型
可接延续性动词（study, live）或非延续性动词（cme, die）
仅接延续性动词（studying, sleeping）
时间性质
可表示“时间点”或“时间段”，动作可同时或先后发生
仅表示“时间段”，强调动作同时持续发生
时态搭配
主句将来时，从句用一般现在时（表将来）；从句过去时，主句可用过去进行时
从句常用进行时（如过去进行时），主句动作发生于其过程中
位置与省略
从句可前置或后置，不可省略主语
主从句主语一致时，可省略主语和be动词（While (he was) cking...）
特殊用法
固定句型：
① was/were ding... when...（正在做…这时…）
② had just dne... when...（刚…就…）
表对比：“然而”（He sang while I danced.）
each I upstairs if shut truble frm imprtant safe althugh
If a fld (洪水) happens where yu live, yu need t be prepared.●Make an emergency kit (应急包). Keep it in an easy-t-reach place. It shuld include things such as water, canned fd, a flashlight and first-aid kit.
●Prepare waterprf (防水的) clthing and a life vest.
●Put yur valuables (贵重物品) in waterprf bags and keep them smewhere safe.
Fllw these tips t stay ut f danger during a fld.
●Lk ut fr fld warnings.
●Head t higher grund and stay there.
●D nt try t walk r drive thrugh flded areas, as they can be deeper than yu realize.
●Leave yur car. It wn’t help yu if it gets stuck in the water.
Even after the fld ends, it might nt be safe t return hme quite yet.
●Keep fllwing the latest lcal news.
●Dn’t use electrnics until they are fully dry.
●D nt use r tuch anything that the water tuched, including fd.
●Dn’t frget that viruses (病毒) can spread after a fld.
句式
结构
例句（中英对照）
肯定句
主语 + was/were + ding
她昨晚7点在做作业。
She was ding hmewrk at 7 pm yesterday.
否定句
主语 + was/were nt + ding
他们没在听音乐。
They were nt listening t music.
一般疑问句
Was/Were + 主语 + ding?
你那时在看书吗？
Were yu reading a bk then?
特殊疑问句
疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + ding?
他们在讨论什么？
What were they discussing?
要点
when
while
动词类型
可接延续性动词（study, live）或非延续性动词（cme, die）
仅接延续性动词（studying, sleeping）
时间性质
可表示“时间点”或“时间段”，动作可同时或先后发生
仅表示“时间段”，强调动作同时持续发生
时态搭配
主句将来时，从句用一般现在时（表将来）；从句过去时，主句可用过去进行时
从句常用进行时（如过去进行时），主句动作发生于其过程中
位置与省略
从句可前置或后置，不可省略主语
主从句主语一致时，可省略主语和be动词（While (he was) cking...）
特殊用法
固定句型：
① was/were ding... when...（正在做…这时…）
② had just dne... when...（刚…就…）
表对比：“然而”（He sang while I danced.）
each I upstairs if shut truble frm imprtant safe althugh
If a fld (洪水) happens where yu live, yu need t be prepared.●Make an emergency kit (应急包). Keep it in an easy-t-reach place. It shuld include things such as water, canned fd, a flashlight and first-aid kit.
●Prepare waterprf (防水的) clthing and a life vest.
●Put yur valuables (贵重物品) in waterprf bags and keep them smewhere safe.
Fllw these tips t stay ut f danger during a fld.
●Lk ut fr fld warnings.
●Head t higher grund and stay there.
●D nt try t walk r drive thrugh flded areas, as they can be deeper than yu realize.
●Leave yur car. It wn’t help yu if it gets stuck in the water.
Even after the fld ends, it might nt be safe t return hme quite yet.
●Keep fllwing the latest lcal news.
●Dn’t use electrnics until they are fully dry.
●D nt use r tuch anything that the water tuched, including fd.
●Dn’t frget that viruses (病毒) can spread after a fld.