北京市朝阳区2025-2026学年高三上学期期中质量监测英语试卷（含答案）含答案解析

这是一份北京市朝阳区2025-2026学年高三上学期期中质量监测英语试卷（含答案）含答案解析，文件包含精品解析北京市朝阳区2025-2026学年高三上学期期中质量检测英语试题原卷版docx、精品解析北京市朝阳区2025-2026学年高三上学期期中质量检测英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共31页， 欢迎下载使用。
(考试时间90分钟 满分100分)
本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When Officer Eric Rbbins respnded t a 911 call, he didn’t knw he’d be facing his wrst fear. Neighburs reprted a five-year-ld by wandering n the rf f a nearby huse. The child didn’t seem frightened f the 30-ft drp awaiting him. Rbbins culd feel it thugh, and he knew he had t take actin. Hwever, there was ne ____1____: he was deathly afraid f heights.
Chsing ____2____ ver fear, Rbbins charged up the stairs and ut f the pen windw. Quickly yet carefully, he just ____3____ the kid and started trying t map ut hw he culd ____4____ grab the kid withut shcking him and nt fall ff the rf. “I dn’t think he knew I was there,” Rbbins tld the lcal news. “It felt like frever because I’m scared f heights.” Amazingly, he ____5____ the by and pulled him away frm the edge, cmpleting the rftp rescue withut injury t either f them.
The parents were ____6____ that their sn was back inside safe. They were grateful t all the fficers f the plice department, but especially Rbbins. “As a parent, I cannt express hw much it means t knw there are fficers cmmitted t ____7____ and serving with such sympathy,” wrte the parents in a thank-yu letter. Rbbins was ____8____ by the parents’ gratitude and revealed that it culd have been his kid and smene wuld d the same.
Many wuld believe what Rbbins did was brave even if he wasn’t afraid f heights, but the knwledge f his fear made his heric behaviur even mre ____9____. This act f herism is mre than a rescue; it’s a reminder f the human ____10____ behind the badge (警徽).
1. A. excuseB. mistakeC. prblemD. accident
2. A. dutyB. trustC. justiceD. security
3. A. ran intB. picked upC. lcked ntD. kncked ver
4. A. plitelyB. safelyC. warmlyD. casually
5. A. hitB. tiedC. lweredD. reached
6 A. prudB. hpefulC. surprisedD. relieved
7 A. cperatingB. prtectingC. vlunteeringD. instructing
8. A. inspiredB. humbledC. cmfrtedD. challenged
9. A. cmplexB. cmmnC. impressiveD. mysterius
10. A. curageB. hnestyC. patienceD. cnfidence
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. B 9. C 10. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了恐高的警官埃里克·罗宾斯（Eric Rbbins）克服自身对高度的极度恐惧，成功救下在屋顶徘徊的五岁男孩的故事，以及事后家长的感激和对他英雄行为的赞扬。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，有一个难题：他极度恐高。A. excuse借口；B. mistake错误；C. prblem问题，难题；D. accident事故，意外。前文“Neighburs reprted a five-year-ld by wandering n the rf f a nearby huse. The child didn’t seem frightened f the 30-ft drp awaiting him. Rbbins culd feel it thugh, and he knew he had t take actin.”提到Eric Rbbins必须采取行动去救30英尺高的屋顶上的男孩，后文“he was deathly afraid f heights”指出他极度恐高，这是他实施救援所面临的一个难题。故选C。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：选择职责而非恐惧，Rbbins冲上楼，从敞开的窗户翻了出去。A. duty责任，义务；B. trust信任；C. justice公平，正义；D. security安全措施，安全感。根据上文“When Officer Eric Rbbins respnded t a 911 call, he didn’t knw he’d be facing his wrst fear.”、“he was deathly afraid f heights.”以及下文“Rbbins charged up the stairs and ut f the pen windw”可知，罗宾斯的身份是警官，救人事关职业责任，尽管恐高，但是还是上去救人，duty“职责”与fear“恐惧”形成对比，符合“克服恐惧履行使命”的逻辑。故选A。
【3题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他迅速而谨慎地锁定了那个孩子，随后开始思考如何既能安全抓住他、不吓到他，又不会从屋顶摔下去。A. ran int偶然遇见，遭遇；B. picked up接人，搭载，捡起；C. lcked nt寻找跟踪，锁定（目标）；D. kncked ver打倒（或击倒、撞倒）某人。根据上文“Rbbins charged up the stairs and ut f the pen windw. Quickly yet carefully”以及空后“the kid”可知，Rbbins在屋顶上先明确孩子位置、保持关注的状态， lcked nt表示“锁定（目标）”符合 “紧盯不放、精准聚焦” 的救援状态。故选C。
【4题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他迅速而谨慎地锁定了那个孩子，随后开始思考如何既能安全抓住他、不吓到他，又不会从屋顶摔下去。A. plitely有礼貌地；B. safely安全地；C. warmly热情地；D. casually随意地，漫不经心地。根据空后“grab the kid withut shcking him and nt fall ff the rf.”可知，此处指安全地抓住孩子，safely“安全地”符合救援场景。故选B。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他够到了那个男孩，把他从屋顶边缘拉开，成功完成了这次屋顶救援，两人均未受伤。A. hit击，打；B. tied系，扎，捆；C. lwered减少，降低；D. reached到达，够到。根据下文“and pulled him away frm the edge”可知，此处指伸手够到男孩后把他从屋顶边缘拉开。故选D。
【6题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：男孩的父母因儿子安全回到屋内而感到如释重负。A. prud自豪的，骄傲的；B. hpeful满怀希望的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. relieved感到宽慰的，感到安心的。根据上文“cmpleting the rftp rescue withut injury t either f them”以及空后“their sn was back inside safe”可知，孩子被安然无恙救下，父母如释重负、感到安心。故选D。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“身为家长，我无法表达得知有如此充满同情心的警官们致力于保护和服务意味着多大意义，”这对父母在一封感谢信中写道。A. cperating合作；B. prtecting保护；C. vlunteering自愿做，主动要求做；D. instructing指示，命令。根据上文“Amazingly, he ____5____ the by and pulled him away frm the edge, cmpleting the rftp rescue withut injury t either f them.”以及空后“serving”可知，警察Eric Rbbins克服自身恐高，救下孩子，作为警察他保护群众，尽职尽责。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Rbbins收到这份谢意时倍感谦逊，并坦言若处境对调，那可能是他的孩子，别人也会做同样的事。A. inspired激励，鼓舞；B. humbled谦逊，使感到惭愧；C. cmfrted安慰；D. challenged挑战。根据空后“revealed that it culd have been his kid and smene wuld d the same.”可知，面对孩子父母的感激，罗宾斯非常谦逊，不居功、将自己的救人行为归于人之常情。固定搭配be humbled“感到谦卑，谦逊”符合语境。故选B。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很多人认为，即便Rbbins不恐高，他的所作所为也堪称勇敢，但知晓他恐高这一情况后，他的英雄行为更令人钦佩。A. cmplex复杂的，难懂的；B. cmmn常见的，共同的；C. impressive令人敬佩的，给人印象深刻的；D. mysterius神秘的；奇怪的。根据上文“he was deathly afraid f heights”可知，Rbbins恐高，因此他克服恐惧从30英尺高的地方救人的行为更令人钦佩。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一英雄壮举不仅是一次救援，更提醒着人们警徽背后闪耀的人性勇气。A. curage勇气；B. hnesty诚实；C. patience耐心；D. cnfidence自信。根据上文“he was deathly afraid f heights”以及所讲述的Rbbins克服恐高救孩子的事迹可知，这次救援行动是警察群体乃至普通人身上所蕴含的“人性勇气”的体现。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Gary Sigley, an Australian prfessr, says his 90-smething mther still enjys Chinese tea each day. A few years ag, he made her a cup f Pu’er tea, ___11___ marked her first encunter with Chinese tea. “I placed Pu’er n her palm,” he recalls. “At that mment, an elderly Australian wman ___12___ (hld) a cup f Yunnan tea. I suddenly realized that tea is a medium f friendship between different natins and peples. It is a cultural treasure ___13___ (share) with the wrld by the Chinese peple.”
【答案】11. which
12. was hlding
13. shared
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述澳大利亚教授加里・西利给九十多岁母亲泡普洱茶，这是她首次接触中国茶，教授由此感悟到茶是各国人民友谊的媒介，是中国分享给世界的文化瑰宝。
【11题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：几年前，他为她泡了一杯普洱茶，这标志着她第一次接触到了中国茶。空格后是非限制性定语从句，修饰前面“他给母亲泡普洱茶”这件事，从句缺主语，故填which。
【12题详解】
考查时态。句意：就在那一刻，一位年长的澳大利亚女士手中捧着一杯云南茶。根据At that mment可知，描述过去某一时刻正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，主语an elderly Australian wman 为单数，故填was hlding。
【13题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：“这是中国人民向世界奉献的一份文化瑰宝。” 空格处作后置定语修饰a cultural treasure，与share是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，故填shared。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Just like exercise and sleep, engaging with art is a necessity fr a fulfilled life. Accrding t a survey, nly 30 percent f adults ___14___ (attend) a cncert f any type in 2017. Even tday, the figure mst likely remains lw mainly because we dn’t have time t appreciate art — we are weighed dwn by daily ___15___ (respnsibility). We see art as unimprtant, but it ffers the mst realistic glimpse (短暂的感受) we ever get int the nature and meaning f life. And if we make time ___16___ art, we’ll find ur life getting fuller and happier.
【答案】14. attended
15. respnsibilities
16. fr
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出接触艺术和运动、睡眠一样是充实生活的必需，2017年仅有30%成年人听音乐会，如今比例仍低，呼吁人们为艺术腾出时间，让生活更充实快乐。
【14题详解】
考查时态。句意：据一项调查结果显示，2017年仅有30%的成年人参加过任何形式的音乐会。由时间状语in 2017可知，句子用一般过去时，故填attended。
【15题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：即便在今天，这一数字仍很可能处于较低水平，主要原因是我们没有时间去欣赏艺术——我们被日常的责任所累，无暇顾及艺术。respnsibility是可数名词，此处表示“日常的各种责任”，需用复数形式，故填respnsibilities。
【16题详解】
考查介词。句意：如果我们能抽出时间来欣赏艺术，我们就会发现自己的生活变得更加充实和快乐。make time fr sth.表示“为某事腾出时间”，故填fr。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The “emtinal ecnmy” is emerging. ___17___ matters mst in the transactins (交易) is nt a physical prduct, but emtins. Nrmally, prducts ___18___ (sell) based n their features. Hwever, as material needs are met, cnsumers have started t seek emtinal value. Frward-thinking brands have already grasped the cncept f emtinal selling and are using strytelling as a tl. When they intrduce a new prduct, it’s nt just abut its functinality, but abut hw it will enhance the user’s lifestyle, ___19___ (enable) them t express themselves mre freely. As technlgy cntinues t advance, AI has the ptential ___20___ (create) highly immersive emtinal experiences.
【答案】17. What
18. are sld
19. enabling
20. t create
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在交易中情感的重要性日益凸显，品牌利用情感销售和讲故事的方式推广产品，以及人工智能在创造沉浸式情感体验方面的潜力。
【17题详解】
考查主语从句引导词。句意：在交易中最重要的不是实体产品，而是情感。此处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，位于句首，用What引导。故填What。
【18题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：通常，产品是基于其特点被销售的。prducts和sell之间是被动关系，且句子是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。主语prducts是复数，be动词用are，故填are sld。
【19题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当他们推出新产品时，不仅仅是关于其功能，还关乎它将如何提升用户的生活方式，使他们能够更自由地表达自己。此处为非谓语动词，表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语。故填enabling。
【20题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着技术的不断进步，人工智能有潜力创造高度沉浸式的情感体验。have the ptential t d sth.是固定搭配，意为“有潜力做某事”，用动词不定式作定语修饰抽象名词ptential。故填t create。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Winter break is the perfect pprtunity fr teens t establish healthy habits and stay active Planet Fitness has tailred a prgram, Planet Fitness Pass, t make fitness accessible and fun fr students. Students entering grades 9 thrugh 12 can enjy a safe and welcming gym envirnment with n pressure t cmmit t a full membership. This special seasnal prgram is designed t fit the busy schedules f high schlers, either a prfessinal athlete r a gym fitness beginner, prviding a judgment-free envirnment, strength-training machines, and yuth-friendly grup classes.
Requirements:
T qualify fr the prgram, students must:
● Present prf f schl enrllment (入学登记).
● Be between 14 and 18 years ld at the time f registratin.
● Register nline r at any participating Planet Fitness club.
● Cmplete a brief parental apprval frm fr first-time teen members.
● Agree t fllw all club rules, including safety guidelines and age-restricted equipment usage.
Activate and use Planet Fitness Pass:
Step 1: Open the welcme email r app and dwnlad the digital pass QR cde (二维码)
Step 2: Present the QR cde and a schl ID at the frnt desk — staff will cnfirm yur identity and check yu in.
Step 3: Explre the Teen Fitness Zne, teen-friendly classes, and pen training areas.
Step 4: Check class schedules and reserve yur spt via the app fr ppular sessins.
Step 5: After each wrkut, cl dwn in the rest zne r visit the recvery facilities.
The app als tracks yur visit histry and class attendance t help yu mnitr prgress, stay mtivated, and set new fitness milestnes.
21. What can we learn abut Planet Fitness Pass?
A. It ffers teens exercise classes.B. It guarantees teens a full membership.
C. It assesses teens’ physical perfrmance.D. It prefers teens with wrkut experiences.
22. T qualify fr the prgram, students must ______.
A. attend the safety training
B. register with their parents
C. fit int the prper age grup
D. be the first-time teen members
23. T check-in at a Planet Fitness club, students need t ______.
A. submit their visit histry
B. present their welcme email
C. shw their QR cde and schl ID
D. cnfirm a reservatin fr a fitness class
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了Planet Fitness Pass项目及其参与方式。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“This special seasnal prgram is designed t fit the busy schedules f high schlers, either a prfessinal athlete r a gym fitness beginner, prviding a judgment-free envirnment, strength-training machines, and yuth-friendly grup classes. (这个特别的季节性项目旨在满足高中生（无论是专业运动员还是健身房健身初学者）繁忙的日程安排，为他们提供一个无评判的环境，配备力量训练器械，并提供适合青少年的团体课程。)”可知，Planet Fitness Pass为青少年提供了无评判的环境、力量训练器械和适合青少年的团体课程，即它为青少年提供健身课程。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Requirements部分中“● Be between 14 and 18 years ld at the time f registratin. (● 在注册时年龄在14至18岁之间。)”可知，要符合这个项目的资格，学生必须在注册时年龄在14到18岁之间，也就是要符合适当的年龄组。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Activate and use Planet Fitness Pass部分中“Step 2: Present the QR cde and a schl ID at the frnt desk — staff will cnfirm yur identity and check yu in. (第二步：在前台出示二维码和学生证，工作人员会核实你的身份并为你办理签到。)”可知，在Planet Fitness俱乐部办理签到时，学生需要出示二维码和学生证。故选C。
B
My middle schl taught the peridic table (元素周期表) in the eighth grade. Frm the beginning, I fell in lve with the element “Bismuth” (Bi). It cmes in abslutely beautiful clurs and grws in square shapes that can be changed during the grwing prcess with music.
Nw, Bi is nt exactly as cmmn as Hydrgen r Oxygen s it wasn’t an element we talked abut much in class. Hwever, whenever the pprtunity arrived, I wuld bring it up and express hw much I liked it. It kind f became a jke that n the ccasin when it was brught up, my classmates wuld lk ver at me and kind f laugh.
One day we were in class like nrmal and I was in a bad md. Mrs. Mennn, the teacher f this class, had a rule that if yu finished yur wrk early, yu had t d extra wrk. All I wanted t d was draw r play games. I remember sitting there and just thinking, “She is ut f her mind! What’s the pint in making us d extra wrk?”
Literally as I was thinking abut this, Mrs. Mennn called my name alud, “Henry! Cme here.” I was wrried I had smehw said my thughts ut lud, but that wasn’t it at all. When I gt t the desk she explained that she had been at a resurce fair fr science teachers t buy sme new supplies fr the class. She then held ut her hand and gave me a tiny piece f Bi, and said she had seen it and immediately thught f me. My face lit up and culdn’t thank her enugh. She said that was all and I went back t my seat.
In my head, I had been cmplaining abut Mrs. Mennn and her rule all withut knwing she had dne smething extremely kind fr me. I felt hrrible. I have teachers in my family, and I’ve seen the truble they have t deal with, but I hadn’t been thinking abut hw much they had dne fr us.
It’s been a lng time since then. The Bi was a gift I will always cherish, but Mrs. Mennn als gave me a lessn. I needed t hear.
24. What made the authr’s classmates laugh when Bi was mentined?
A. Bi’s unusual name.B. Bi’s unique prperties.
C. The authr’s knwledge f Bi.D. The authr’s predictable reactin t Bi.
25. Why did Mrs. Mennn give the authr a piece f Bi?
A. T supprt his keen interest.B. T cmfrt him fr his lw spirits.
C. T reward his extra wrk in the class.D. T aruse his curisity abut her class.
26. Hw did the authr feel after receiving the gift?
A. Mved but cnfused.B. Excited but anxius.
C. Cntent but stressed.D. Grateful but guilty.
27. What can yu learn frm the stry?
A. Gifts blind yur eyes.B. Gdness favrs grwth.
C. A little interest ges a lng way.D. Yuthful errrs define yur future.
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了八年级的作者因热爱小众元素铋，在心情不佳抱怨老师时，意外收到老师特意为他准备的铋元素礼物，由此感受到老师的细心善意并反思自身、获得成长的经历。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Nw, Bi is nt exactly as cmmn as Hydrgen r Oxygen s it wasn’t an element we talked abut much in class. Hwever, whenever the pprtunity arrived, I wuld bring it up and express hw much I liked it. It kind f became a jke that n the ccasin when it was brught up, my classmates wuld lk ver at me and kind f laugh.(铋不像氢和氧那么常见，所以我们在课上没怎么讨论它。然而，只要有机会，我就会把它提出来，表达我是多么喜欢它。这变成了一个笑话，当它被提起的时候，我的同学们会看着我笑。)”可知，作者对铋元素的喜爱已成常态，一提及就会表达自己的喜爱，由此可知，在提到铋时同学们笑是因为作者每次提到Bi时都会表现出可预测的表达喜爱的反应。故选D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hwever, whenever the pprtunity arrived, I wuld bring it up and express hw much I liked it.(然而，只要有机会，我就会把它提出来，表达我是多么喜欢它。)”以及第四段中“When I gt t the desk she explained that she had been at a resurce fair fr science teachers t buy sme new supplies fr the class. She then held ut her hand and gave me a tiny piece f Bi, and said she had seen it and immediately thught f me.(当我走到讲台前时，她解释说她参加了一个科学教师资源博览会，为班级买了一些新用品。然后她伸出手，给了我一小块铋，说她看到了它，立刻想到了我。)”可知，作者反复表达对铋的喜爱， Mennn老师注意到学生对这个冷门元素的特殊喜爱，在参加科学教师资源展时看到铋就想到了作者，并特意购买一块铋作为礼物送给作者；由此可知，Mennn老师给作者一块铋是为了支持他强烈的兴趣。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“My face lit up and culdn’t thank her enugh. (我喜笑颜开，对她感激不尽。)”以及第五段中“In my head, I had been cmplaining abut Mrs. Mennn and her rule all withut knwing she had dne smething extremely kind fr me. I felt hrrible. I have teachers in my family, and I’ve seen the truble they have t deal with, but I hadn’t been thinking abut hw much they had dne fr us.(在我的脑海里，我一直在抱怨Mennn老师和她的规定，却不知道她为我做了一件极其善良的事情。我感觉糟透了。我家里有老师，我看到过他们要处理的麻烦，但我从来没有想过他们为我们做了多少。)”可知，作者对于收到Mennn老师送他的一块铋非常感激，又因之前抱怨老师，对老师的不理解而感到内疚，因此，作者收到礼物后是感激与内疚交织。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段“It’s been a lng time since then. The Bi was a gift I will always cherish, but Mrs. Mennn als gave me a lessn. I needed t hear.(从那以后已经过去很久了。那块铋是我一直珍视的礼物，但Mennn老师也给了我一个教训。这正是我需要听到的。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者非常热爱小众元素铋，在心情不佳抱怨老师时，意外收到老师的礼物——注意到学生对一个冷门元素的特殊喜爱，在参加科学教师资源展时特意为其购买一块铋，作者由此感受到老师的细心善意并反思自身、获得成长。B选项“Gdness favrs grwth(善意助力成长)”精准地概括了这个故事的精髓：Mennn老师的善意打破了作者当时的负面情绪和狭隘视角，使自己进行了深刻的自我反思，并获得成长。故选B。
C
In 1884 Franz Bas returned frm Baffin Island with a discvery that wuld kick ff decades f linguistic argument: by his cunt, the lcal Inuit (因纽特的) language had fur wrds fr snw, suggesting a link between language and physical envirnment. In 1984, an article claimed the Inuit have “100 synnyms (近义词)” fr the frzen white stuff under a single term.
Recently, in a sweeping new cmputatinal analysis f wrld languages, researchers nt nly cnfirmed the emphasis n snw in the Inuit language but als uncvered many similar patterns: what snw is t the Inuit, lava (岩浆) is t Samans. Charles Kemp, senir authr f the study, says the results ffer a windw nt language speakers’ culture. “It’s a way t get a sense f the ‘chief interests f a peple,’” he says.
The researchers analyzed bilingual dictinaries between English and mre than 600 languages, lking fr “lexical elabratin” in which a language has many wrds related t a cre cncept. Often the elabratin is clearly a prduct f envirnment — small wnder that Arabic, Farsi and Australian languages are filled with wrds t describe the desert, and Sanskrit, Tamil and Thai with wrds fr elephants. Other cases aren’t s straightfrward. Many Oceanic languages have highly specific wrds fr smell. Fr example, jatb means “smell f damp clthing.” This may be explained by the dampness f the rainfrest, which enhances smells.
Victr Mair, an expert n Chinese language, says this research helps resurrect the much-debated idea f linguistic relativity, knwn as the Sapir-Whrf hypthesis, which advcates that language determines hw we perceive things. But in Mair’s pinin, this study supprts a sfter claim: ur brains all share the same basic machinery fr perceiving the wrld, which language can affect but nt restrict. “It desn’t determine,” he says. “It influences.”
Lynne Murphy, a linguist in England, ntes that “any language shuld be able t talk abut anything.” We may nt have the wrd jatb, but fur wrds f English d the trick — “smell f damp clthing.” It’s nt that having many precise wrds fr smell reveals mind-blwing cgnitive abilities fr prcessing smell; it’s simply that single wrds are mre efficient than phrases, s they tend t represent cmmn subjects f discussin, highlighting areas f cultural significance. If we rutinely needed t talk abut the smell f damp clthing, we’d cut dwn that lengthy phrase t smething like jatb.
It bears remembering that because all the bilingual dictinaries in this study map back t English — it’s the language int which everything else gets translated — the analysis is influenced by the wrds used in English itself, which raises the questin: “If they had started frm, say, Spanish r Chinese, which cncepts wuld have std ut fr English?” says Murphy.
28. What can be inferred abut “lexical elabratin”?
A. It reflects what a culture mainly cares.
B. It clarified why language patterns exist.
C. It resulted in a lng-lasting linguistic debate.
D. It is used t generate synnyms under ne cncept.
29. What des the wrd “resurrect” underlined in Paragraph 4 mst prbably mean?
A. Replace.B. Restre.C. Release.D. Reject.
30. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. A new wrd will emerge in respnse t its demand in daily life.
B. The pursuit f wrd-precisin has enhanced ur cgnitive abilities.
C. The analysis f language helps increase the richness f vcabulary.
D. Cmparisns between languages lead t the efficiency f wrd use.
【答案】28. A 29. B 30. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究通过分析 600 多种语言与英语的双语词典，发现因纽特语对雪、萨摩亚语对岩浆等的词汇细化现象，反映文化核心关注点，也引发对语言相对论及研究局限性的讨论。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Recently, in a sweeping new cmputatinal analysis f wrld languages, researchers nt nly cnfirmed the emphasis n snw in the Inuit language but als uncvered many similar patterns: what snw is t the Inuit, lava (岩浆) is t Samans. Charles Kemp, senir authr f the study, says the results ffer a windw nt language speakers’ culture. “It’s a way t get a sense f the ‘chief interests f a peple,’” he says.( 最近，在对世界语言进行的一项全面的新计算分析中，研究人员不仅证实了因纽特语对雪的强调，而且还发现了许多类似的模式：雪对因纽特人来说，就像熔岩对萨摩亚人一样。该研究的资深作者查尔斯·肯普（Charles Kemp）表示，研究结果为了解语言使用者的文化提供了一扇窗口。“这是一种了解‘一个民族的主要利益’的方式，”他说。)”，研究结果能反映语言使用者的文化，是了解“一个民族主要兴趣点”的方式。而“lexical elabratin”指一种语言中围绕核心概念有许多相关词汇，这种现象往往和环境、文化相关（如因纽特语的雪、萨摩亚语的岩浆）。由此可推断，它能体现一种文化主要关注的事物。故选A项。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四划线单词句中“Victr Mair, an expert n Chinese language, says this research helps… the much-debated idea f linguistic relativity, knwn as the Sapir-Whrf hypthesis, which advcates that language determines hw we perceive things.( 中文专家维克托·梅尔（Victr Mair）表示，这项研究有助于……备受争议的语言相对论，即萨丕尔-沃尔夫假说（Sapir-Whrf hypthesis），该假说主张语言决定了我们如何感知事物。)”可知，“语言相对论”（萨丕尔 - 沃尔夫假说）是“备受争议的观点”，而这项研究“帮助 resurrect”了这一观点。结合后文“支持一种更温和的主张”，可知研究让这一争议观点重新受到关注、得以“恢复”影响力。故可猜测划线单词resurrect为“恢复”的意思，和B选项Restre“恢复”意思相近。故选B项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“It’s nt that having many precise wrds fr smell reveals mind-blwing cgnitive abilities fr prcessing smell; it’s simply that single wrds are mre efficient than phrases, s they tend t represent cmmn subjects f discussin, highlighting areas f cultural significance. If we rutinely needed t talk abut the smell f damp clthing, we’d cut dwn that lengthy phrase t smething like jatb.( 这并不是说有很多精确的嗅觉词汇揭示了处理嗅觉的惊人认知能力；简单地说，单个单词比短语更有效，所以它们往往代表讨论的共同主题，突出文化意义的领域。如果我们经常需要谈论潮湿衣服的味道，我们会把这个冗长的短语缩短为jatb之类的东西。)”可推知，单一词汇比短语更高效，会代表常见的讨论主题。如果英语中需要经常谈论 “湿衣服的气味”，就会把长短语简化成类似“jatb”的词。这说明日常需求会促使新词汇出现。故选A项。
D
In the fall f 1944, Nrman Brlaug mved t Mexic t prduce a new variety f wheat. Finally, he gt lucky. His wheat prved t be nt just high-yielding (高产的) but als surprisingly varied. But, as prud as he was f his seeds, Brlaug als saw their limits. When he received the Nbel Peace Prize in 1970, he used his Nbel address t cautin against self-satisfactin. The new varieties f wheat he had reprduced represented, he said, nly a “temprary success in man’s war against hunger.” The wrld’s ppulatin, he wrried ut lud, wuld cntinue t grw, and eventually the demand fr fd wuld again utpace the supply.
Nw in 2025, Michael Grunwald says in his new bk, We Are Eating the Earth, that humanity is facing “sme terrible math.” On ne side f the equatin is the grwing need fr fd. On the ther side is climate change. Agriculture is a majr surce f greenhuse gases, depending n hw yu calculate it. We need t “feed the wrld withut frying the wrld” is hw Grunwald puts it.
What’s t be dne? A gd first step, Grunwald advcates, wuld be t stp making things wrse. We culd start with bifuels. Every year in the US, sme furteen billin gallns f a crn-based additive get mixed in gas. The practice is suppsed t reduce greenhuse-gas emissins. Almst certainly, thugh, it has the ppsite utcme. Redirecting crn frm grcery stres t gas tanks pushes up gds prices — which, in turn, encurages farmers t change frests int crpland. Since frests stre a lt f carbn, cutting dwn them increases atmspheric \( CO_2 \). Grunwald qutes a sng:
Bifuel use is gnna burn up all my fd
Defrestatin can nly ruin ur natin.
Immral men with that bad intentin
What is yur plan? Is it life r ruinatin?
Were it nt fr Brlaug, the wrld in the late twentieth century wuld have been a very different place. In the eight years since Brlaug arrived in Mexic, farming in much f the wrld has been transfrmed. New tls that culd make farms even mre prductive are cnstantly being develped. At the same time, the wrld, t, has been transfrmed, by such things as climate change, grundwater exhaustin, and sil pllutin. The new tls and the new threats are bund up in each ther—tw sides, as it were, f the same leaf. If it is reasnable t imagine that we will, smehw r ther, find ways t feed ten billin peple, it is als reasnable t fear hw much damage will be dne in the prcess.
31. What are the first tw paragraphs mainly abut?
A. The dwnstream cnsequences f fd shrtage.
B. The significance f inventing high-prductive seeds.
C. The prblems humans face in the curse f develpment.
D. Tw cntrary perspectives n the grwing demand fr fd.
32. Why des the authr mentin the sng?
A. T illustrate a current attempt f bifuels.
B. T reveal cnventin is still better than innvatin.
C. T raise public awareness f redirecting fd fr fuel.
D. T prve gd intentins may bring abut bad results.
33. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Farming transfrmatin lacks recgnitin.
B. The issue f hunger shuld be priritized.
C. It is urgent t treat human-caused damage.
D. We need view fd and envirnment as ne.
34. Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Can We Satisfy Our Grwing Appetites?
B. Farming: Will It Be Life withut Ruinatin?
C. Is Agriculture t Blame fr Climate Change?
D. Envirnment: Are We Transfrming r Harming It?
【答案】31. C 32. D 33. D 34. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了农业在满足食物需求的同时对环境造成的影响，特别是气候变化。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The new varieties f wheat he had reprduced represented, he said, nly a “temprary success in man’s war against hunger.” The wrld’s ppulatin, he wrried ut lud, wuld cntinue t grw, and eventually the demand fr fd wuld again utpace the supply. (他说，他培育小麦新品种只是“人类对抗饥饿战争的暂时成功”。他大声地担心，世界人口将继续增长，最终对食物的需求将再次超过供应。)”和第二段“On ne side f the equatin is the grwing need fr fd. On the ther side is climate change. Agriculture is a majr surce f greenhuse gases, depending n hw yu calculate it. We need t “feed the wrld withut frying the wrld” is hw Grunwald puts it. (一方面是对食物日益增长的需求。另一方面是气候变化。农业是温室气体的主要来源，这取决于你如何计算。格伦沃尔德说，我们需要“在不破坏世界的情况下养活世界”。)”可知第一段提到Nrman Brlaug的高产小麦虽暂时应对饥饿，但人口增长会让粮食需求再次超过供给；第二段指人类面临“粮食需求增长”与“气候变化”的“可怕平衡”，核心都是人类发展过程中遭遇的问题。故选C。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。第三段“Every year in the US, sme furteen billin gallns f a crn-based additive get mixed in gas. The practice is suppsed t reduce greenhuse-gas emissins. Almst certainly, thugh, it has the ppsite utcme. Redirecting crn frm grcery stres t gas tanks pushes up gds prices — which, in turn, encurages farmers t change frests int crpland. Since frests stre a lt f carbn, cutting dwn them increases atmspheric \( CO_2 \). (在美国，每年大约有140亿加仑的玉米添加剂混入汽油中。这种做法旨在减少温室气体排放。然而，几乎可以肯定的是，它会产生相反的结果。将玉米从杂货店转到汽油罐中推高了商品价格，这反过来又鼓励农民把森林变成农田。由于森林储存了大量的碳，砍伐它们会增加大气中的二氧化碳。)”可知生物燃料的使用本意是为了减少温室气体排放，但实际上却导致了食物价格上涨和森林砍伐，进而增加了大气中的二氧化碳。那首歌的歌词直接表达了生物燃料使用可能带来的不良后果，即食物被消耗和森林被砍伐，从而证明了好意可能带来不良后果。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。文章核心矛盾是“满足粮食需求”与“保护地球环境”的冲突，再根据最后一段“New tls that culd make farms even mre prductive are cnstantly being develped. At the same time, the wrld, t, has been transfrmed, by such things as climate change, grundwater exhaustin, and sil pllutin. The new tls and the new threats are bund up in each ther — tw sides, as it were, f the same leaf. (能够提高农场生产力的新工具不断被开发出来。与此同时，由于气候变化、地下水枯竭和土壤污染等原因，世界也发生了变化。新的工具和新的威胁是相互联系在一起的——就像一片叶子的两面一样。)”可知新工具和新威胁是相互交织的，需要综合看待。因此，我们需要将食物和环境视为一个整体。故选D。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。文章主要讨论了农业在满足食物需求的同时对环境造成的影响，特别是气候变化。文章通过Nrman Brlaug的故事和Michael Grunwald的观点，以及生物燃料使用的例子，强调了农业发展需要平衡食物需求和环境保护。因此，最佳标题是B，即“农业：会是生存而无毁灭吗？”，这个标题既概括了文章的主题，又提出了一个引人深思的问题。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There’s just smething abut Labubu. Yu hear the sund f pening a blind bx, see that cheeky smile and suddenly yu’re attracted. But nce the excitement fades, yu can’t help but wnder, why d we keep chasing mre, even when we already have enugh?
Evlutinary psychlgy gives us a fascinating answer. A lt f what we d cmes frm what nce helped ur ancestrs survive. ___35___ That culd mean the difference between thriving (繁荣) and ging withut. Over generatins, we’ve been wired t find jy in having mre than we require.
Labubu represents a mdern frm f this instinct (本能). The blind-bx mdel mirrrs ancestral uncertainty: investing effrt tward an uncertain payff with the pssibility f a rare, high-status “secret” find. The uncertainty f the reward activates dpamine pathways in the brain. ___36___ This explains why cllectrs smetimes keep buying lng after they’ve achieved their gal.
___37___ When cllecting remains a surce f jy and scial cnnectin, it can be adaptive. Many Labubu cllectrs share mini furniture, and fan-made cntent. ___38___ But when ver-marketing and rcketing resale prices step in, the whle envirnment changes. Suddenly, it’s less abut the jy f wning smething yu lve and mre abut shwing ff r reselling it fr a prfit.
In questining whether harding is simply cllecting gne mad, it becmes clear that human psychlgy hasn’t fundamentally changed. Scial media, ver-marketing, and resale culture supercharge ancient drives. The challenge is t keep thse drives in balance. ___39___ Ask yurself: Des it truly spark jy r creativity? In the end, Labubu is mre than a ty. It’s a little mirrr, reflecting bth ur ancient instincts and mdern anxieties, and shwing just hw easily a fun hbby can tip int full-blwn craze.
A. Cllect what brings genuine pleasure.
B. But hw des cllecting slip int disrder?
C. Buyers dn’t knw which figure they will get.
D. Back then, cllecting was abut saving tls r fd fr later use.
E. Cllecting becmes a prblem when pssessins damage ur daily life.
F. It makes us “want” the experience even when we already “have” enugh.
G. Such are frms f self-expressin that enrich rather than mess up ur life.
【答案】35. D 36. F 37. B 38. G 39. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章探讨了人们为何会沉迷于收集Labubu盲盒玩具的心理机制。
【35题详解】
根据前文“A lt f what we d cmes frm what nce helped ur ancestrs survive. (我们所做的很多事情，都是源于那些曾经帮助我们的祖先生存下来的策略。)”提到进化心理学认为人类的很多行为源于祖先的生存需求，同时结合主题“收集”这一行为，设空句应讲述祖先的收集行为。选项D“Back then, cllecting was abut saving tls r fd fr later use. (那时，收集物品主要是为了日后使用而保存工具或食物。)”承接了“祖先生存”这一语境，解释了祖先收集行为的目的。故选D项。
【36题详解】
前文“The uncertainty f the reward activates dpamine pathways in the brain. (奖励的不确定性会激活大脑中的多巴胺通路。)”提到“多巴胺通路被激活”，那么设空句紧跟其后，继续讲述激活多巴胺通路导致的后果。选项F“It makes us ‘want’ the experience even when we already ‘have’ enugh. (它让我们即便已经拥有了足够的东西，仍“渴望”去体验那未曾拥有的事物。)”解释了多巴胺通路被激活后的心理效果，且与后文“This explains why cllectrs smetimes keep buying lng after they’ve achieved their gal. (这就解释了为什么收藏者有时即便已经达成目标之后，仍会继续不断地购买。)”进一步构成“因果关系”。故选F项。
【37题详解】
设空句为该段的首句，应是该段的中心主旨句。该段前部内容“When cllecting remains a surce f jy and scial cnnectin, it can be adaptive. (当收集物品成为一种带来快乐和促进社交的活动时，它就具有一定的适应性了。)”提到“收集带来快乐时具有适应性”，而后半段“But”句内容“But when ver-marketing and rcketing resale prices step in, the whle envirnment changes. Suddenly, it’s less abut the jy f wning smething yu lve and mre abut shwing ff r reselling it fr a prfit. (但一旦过度营销和飞涨的转售价格介入，整个环境就会发生改变。突然之间，人们关注的焦点不再在于拥有自己喜爱之物所带来的快乐，而更多地在于炫耀或者通过转售来获取利润。)”则讲述了关于Labubu的“过度营销、炒价”问题，将“合理收集”与“无序收集” 形成对比，从而解释了“收集如何陷入无序”。选项B“But hw des cllecting slip int disrder? (但收藏物品怎么会变得无序起来呢？)” 以设问引出下文对两种情况的分析，起到承上启下的作用。故选B项。
【38题详解】
根据前文“Many Labubu cllectrs share mini furniture, and fan-made cntent. (许多Labubu收藏者会共享小型家具以及自制内容。)”提到了Labubu收藏者的行为，设空处应是对这些行为进行积极解读。选项G“Such are frms f self-expressin that enrich rather than mess up ur life. (这些自我表达的形式丰富了我们的生活，而不是把我们的生活搞砸了。)”提到了积极意义，且句中“Such”指代前文具体行为。故选G项。
【39题详解】
根据后文“Ask yurself: Des it truly spark jy r creativity? (问问自己：这样做真的能带来快乐或激发创造力吗？)”提出了一个关于“Labubu收集”的本质的疑问，设空句作为前一句，应是对收集的本质进行概括总结。选项A“Cllect what brings genuine pleasure. (收集能带来真正快乐的东西。)”是收集的本质概括，置于该空后，后文在逻辑表达上与其紧密衔接。故选A项。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
When I began my Ph. D. in science fur years ag, I started feeling like a fish ut f water. Everyne arund me seemed t be driven by their burning lve f science. I felt ut f place, uninspired, and incmpetent. “Mary, dn’t wrry. It’s just self-dubt,” everyne tld me. Fr years, I believed them, thinking that with mre experience and cnfidence, things wuld change.
But as time went n, the feelings nly gt strnger. The idea f quitting made me feel relieved. But I knew I had t much fight in me t leave my prgram. S I decided t get my degree and then pursue smething else entirely.
Partly in search f this “smething else,” I began writing. At first, I mainly used it as a creative utlet. But eventually, it led me t explre science cmmunicatin. In writing abut newly published scientific papers, I felt curius, enlightened, and empwered. I began t entertain the idea that my prblem wasn’t self-dubt — maybe I truly was a fish ut f water, and all I needed t d was leave my life n land.
I decided t tell my academic teachers abut my new passin. Hwever, they culd nt understand why I wuld want t pursue anything ther than research. Truthfully, I did wrry abut what my life wuld lk like if I left the wrld f scientific research. I expressed my cncerns t a writing teacher. “Fllw yur heart, and the rest will fllw,” she tld me. I knew in my heart that I wanted t pursue science cmmunicatin after graduatin. And nce I chse t trust that feeling, I fund that I n lnger struggled t breathe. I still felt ut f place in academic research. But I nw knew where I belnged and hw t get there.
40. Hw did the authr feel when she began Ph. D. in science?
_____________________________________________________________
41. What did the authr use as a creative utlet?
_____________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
After learning abut the authr’s cncerns, the writing teacher encuraged her t quit scientific research immediately.
_____________________________________________________________
43. Use an example t shw hw yu wuld apply the inspiratin frm the stry in yur life. (In abut 40 wrds)
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】40. She felt ut f place, uninspired, and incmpetent, justlike a fish ut f water.
41. Writing
42. After learning abut the authr’s cncerns, the writing teacher encuraged her t quit scientific research immediately.
Because after learning abut the authr’s cncerns, the writing teacher encuraged her t fllw her heart.
43. When I fund math hmewrk tedius but enjyed designing PPTs, I fllwed this passin. I nw help classmates make academic presentatin slides, turning my interest int a useful skill that fits me well.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者攻读理科博士初期格格不入、缺乏动力，虽曾误以为是自我怀疑，但在写作中发现对科学传播热情，经写作老师鼓励，决心毕业后转行，找到归属感。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中“When I began my Ph. D. in science fur years ag, I started feeling like a fish ut f water. Everyne arund me seemed t be driven by their burning lve f science. I felt ut f place, uninspired, and incmpetent.(四年前，当我开始攻读科学博士学位时，我开始感觉像一条离开水的鱼。我周围的每个人似乎都被他们对科学的强烈热爱所驱使。我感到格格不入，缺乏灵感，无能为力。)”可知，当作者开始攻读科学博士学位时她觉得自己像一条离开水的鱼，格格不入，没有灵感，无能为力。故答案为She felt ut f place, uninspired, and incmpetent, justlike a fish ut f water.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Partly in search f this “smething else,” I began writing. At first, I mainly used it as a creative utlet.(部分是为了寻找这种“别的东西”，我开始写作。一开始，我主要把它作为一个创造性的发泄方式。)”可知，作者把写作作为一种创造性的发泄方式。故答案为Writing.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“I expressed my cncerns t a writing teacher. “Fllw yur heart, and the rest will fllw,” she tld me. I knew in my heart that I wanted t pursue science cmmunicatin after graduatin.(我向一位写作老师表达了我的担忧。“跟随自己的心，其他的就会跟着来，”她告诉我。在我的内心深处，我知道我想在毕业后从事科学传播。)”可知，题干这句话中“After learning abut the authr’s cncerns, the writing teacher encuraged her t quit scientific research immediately.”错误部分为“quit scientific research immediately”，因为写作老师只是鼓励作者跟随自己的内心，追求科学传播，不要马上放弃研究。故答案为After learning abut the authr’s cncerns, the writing teacher encuraged her t quit scientific research immediately. Because after learning abut the authr’s cncerns, the writing teacher encuraged her t fllw her heart.
【43题详解】
考查主观评价。根据题干的意思“用一个例子来说明你将如何把从故事中得到的灵感应用到你的生活中。”可知，当我发现数学作业很乏味，但却喜欢设计ppt时，我就追随了这种激情。我现在帮助同学制作学术演讲幻灯片，把我的兴趣变成了一项非常适合我的有用技能。故答案为When I fund math hmewrk tedius but enjyed designing PPTs, I fllwed this passin. I nw help classmates make academic presentatin slides, turning my interest int a useful skill that fits me well.
第二节(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim的学校正在组织“校园文化建设”(Shaping Schl Culture)的创意征集活动。Jim打算参加，为此发来邮件，就创意内容询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1.你的建议;
2.说明理由。
注意：1.词数100左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m glad t knw yur schl is rganizing an activity n “Shaping Schl Culture” and yu’re seeking my advice. My suggestin is t launch a “Bk Exchange Crner”, where students can share and trade their favrite bks. This nt nly prmtes reading but als encurages cultural exchanges as bks frm different backgrunds can intrduce diverse perspectives, which can enrich ur campus culture.
Additinally, rganizing regular “Cultural Talks” by inviting students r teachers t share their cultural experiences wuld be beneficial. Such talks can deepen ur understanding f varius cultures and fster a mre inclusive schl envirnment.
I hpe these ideas help, and gd luck with yur prpsal!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给Jim回信，告诉他一些关于校园文化建设的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
活动：activity→event
寻找：seek→hunt fr
促进：prmte→enhance
各种各样的：varius→diverse
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Additinally, rganizing regular “Cultural Talks” by inviting students r teachers t share their cultural experiences wuld be beneficial.
拓展句：Additinally, it wuld be beneficial if regular “Cultural Talks” were rganized where students r teachers culd share their cultural experiences.
【点睛】【高分句型1】My suggestin is t launch a “Bk Exchange Crner”, where students can share and trade their favrite bks.（运用了where引导的非限定性定语从句）
【高分句型2】This nt nly prmtes reading but als encurages cultural exchanges as bks frm different backgrunds can intrduce diverse perspectives, which can enrich ur campus culture.（运用了which引导的非限定性从句）