2021-2025年高考英语真题分类精编专题15完形埴空（15空）（全国通用）（Word版附解析）

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考点01 记叙文之人与自我
【2025全国一卷】
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
One August afternn, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight since my wedding.
My husband and I had just sld ur huse and we were busy 41 the belved hme ur family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided n key items fr the 42 we were mving t in twn, dnated what we culd, and rented a place t 43 ur suppsedly imprtant bjects. That left a huse still 44 with things that, while nt particularly 45 , didn’t belng in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).
I tk a picture f the vase and psted it nline, fr $10. A cuple f messages came in, ne wanting additinal 46 , anther asking fr a price cut. As ur 47 day drew near, I settled n a new price ($0) and repsted it. The 48 : “I hate this vase. Maybe yu wn’t.” In an instant, a wman raced int my huse and left happily with the vase.
49 , I psted mre. My daily psts and the 50 I received became a precius ray f light in the chas f my huse. Each exchange prvided a chance t 51 the landfill and t please anther persn I might nt therwise have 52 .
I sit in my apartment tday, lving each f the 53 that share ur small space. I take 54 in knwing that, smewhere nearby, smene is 55 smething that culdn’t cme with us.
41. A. painting verB. lking arundC. emptying utD. pulling dwn
42. A. htelB. fficeC. cttageD. apartment
43. A. streB. displayC. sellD. repair
44. A. cveredB. decratedC. stuffedD. equipped
45. A. cnventinalB. valuableC. cmplicatedD. tlerable
46. A. feesB. phtsC. receiptsD. mdels
47. A. mveB. payC. marketD. wrk
48. A. warningB. requestC. descriptinD. reply
49. A. CnfusedB. InterestedC. DisappintedD. Encuraged
50. A. visitsB. reprtsC. adviceD. mney
51. A. remveB. spareC. findD. check
52. A. investigatedB. recgnizedC. encunteredD. recmmended
53. A. giveawaysB. pstsC. cntributinsD. belngings
54. A. jyB. partC. careD. time
55. A. anticipatingB. appreciatingC. deliveringD. withdrawing
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. B 46. B 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在搬家过程中通过免费赠送旧物获得快乐的故事。
41. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和丈夫刚刚卖掉了我们的房子，我们正忙着清空我们一家人花了23年时间建造的心爱的房子。A. painting ver 粉刷覆盖；B. lking arund 环顾四周；C. emptying ut 清空；D. pulling dwn 拆除。根据上文“My husband and I had just sld ur huse”和下文“the belved hme ur family had spent 23 years filling up”可推知，此处指作者卖掉了房子，忙着清空房子里的多年来堆积的东西。故选C。
42. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西，并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. htel 酒店；B. ffice 办公室；C. cttage 小屋；D. apartment 公寓。根据文章最后一段“I sit in my apartment tday”可推知，此处指作者一家人搬到了公寓。故选D。
43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西，并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. stre 储存；B. display 展示；C. sell 出售；D. repair 修理。根据上文“rented a place”以及下文“ur suppsedly imprtant bjects”可推知，此处指租地方是为了存放重要物品。故选A。
44. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填埋场的东西。A. cvered 覆盖的；B. decrated 装饰的；C. stuffed 塞满的；D. equipped 配备的。根据上文“rented a place t 43 ur suppsedly imprtant bjects”以及下文“with things”可推知，此处指房子里仍塞满物品。故选C。
45. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填埋场的东西。A. cnventinal 传统的；B. valuable 有价值的；C. cmplicated 复杂的；D. tlerable 可容忍的。根据上文“while nt particularly”以及下文“didn’t belng in a landfill”可推知，此处指虽不贵重但不应丢弃的物品。故选B。
46. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有几条信息进来了，一条想要更多的照片，另一条请求降价。A. fees 费用；B. phts 照片；C. receipts 收据；D. mdels 模型。根据上文“I tk a picture f the vase”及“additinal”可推知，此处指有人索要更多照片。故选B。
47. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着搬家日的临近，我确定了一个新的价格（0美元）并重新发布了它。A. mve 搬家；B. pay 支付；C. market 市场；D. wrk 工作。根据前文搬家背景及下文“day drew near”可推知，此处指搬家日临近。故选A。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：描述：“我讨厌这个花瓶。也许你不会。”A. warning 警告；B. request 请求；C. descriptin 描述；D. reply 回复。根据上文“I tk a picture f the vase and psted it nline”以及下文“I hate this vase. Maybe yu wn’t.”可推知，此处指是重新发布的对花瓶的描述。故选C。
49. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：受到鼓励，我发布了更多。A. Cnfused 困惑的；B. Interested 感兴趣的；C. Disappinted 失望的；D. Encuraged 受鼓励的。根据上文“In an instant, a wman raced int my huse and left happily with the vase.”以及作者后文持续发帖的行为，可推知，此处指作者受到鼓舞。故选D。
50. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我每天收到的帖子和来我家里的拜访，在我混乱的房子里变成了一束珍贵的光芒。A. visits 拜访；B. reprts 报告；C. advice 建议；D. mney 钱。根据上文“In an instant, a wman raced int my huse”以及“My daily psts”和后文的互动，可推知，此处指去作者家里拜访。故选A。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本可能不会遇到的人。A. remve 移除；B. spare 省得；免去；C. find 发现；D. check 检查。根据上文语境以及下文“the landfill”可推知，此处指作者用免费赠送旧物来代替丢掉旧物垃圾填埋，此处spare引申为“免去”表示免得去垃圾填埋场丢东西。故选B。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本可能不会遇到的人。A. investigated 调查；B. recgnized 认出；C. encuntered 遇见；D. recmmended 推荐。根据上文“anther persn I might nt therwise”可推知，此处指免费赠送旧物让原本不会遇见的人感到高兴。故选C。
53.考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我坐在我的公寓里，爱着我们小空间里的每一件所有物。A. giveaways 赠品；B. psts 帖子；C. cntributins 贡献；D. belngings 所有物。结合语境，再根据上文“I sit in my apartment tday”以及下文“share ur small space”可推知，此处指现在拥有的物品。故选D。
54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，我感到很快乐。A. jy 快乐；B. part 部分；C. care 关心；D. time 时间。结合语境，再根据上文“lving each f the 43 that share ur small space.”以及下文“in knwing that, smewhere nearby”可推知，此处指作者免费赠送旧物，也从中获得了快乐。故选A。
55.
考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，我感到很快乐。A. anticipating 期待；B. appreciating 欣赏；C. delivering 递送；D. withdrawing 撤回。根据上文“I take 43 in knwing that, smewhere nearby”以及下文“smething that culdn’t cme with us”可推知，此处指他人在欣赏这些作者带不走的，赠予的物品。故选B。
【2025全国二卷】
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Evelyn Dnhue is a 65-year-ld grandma. She nly started t 41 seven years ag after having a 42 call. She’d been struggling with eating disrders and health issues, which 43 led her t getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed t make a 44 . Determined t turn her life arund, Ms Dnhue began t wrk ut and fllw a 45 lifestyle, befre discvering a 46 fr weightlifting.
Since setting ut n the jurney, the 47 lver has nt nly managed t 48 an impressive set f muscles — but als a huge fllwing n scial media.
The well-liked grandma regularly psts wrkut cntent, explaining there’s n 49 thers can’t lk this gd. She said it was all dwn t sme key aspects.
“Hld n: Cnsider failure as a 50 t success and never give up. Stick t yur plan,” she said. “ 51 thers: Lift thers up n yur jurney. Success is sweeter when 52 .” She previusly explained that “yu d nt need t have an amazing bdy t exercise... the 53 is t feel gd, nt lk gd.”
Ms Dnhue used t be laughed at fr being t ld t wrk ut, but she has prved the 54 wrng in the best pssible way and has indeed becme an 55 r many scial media users.
41. A. writeB. travelC. exerciseD. recver
42. A. gdwillB. timeutC. lng-distanceD. wake-up
43. A. nrmallyB. ultimatelyC. suddenlyD. autmatically
44. A. changeB. frtuneC. wishD. deal
45. A. riskyB. traditinalC. cmfrtableD. healthy
46. A. demandB. secretC. passinD. cure
47. A. peaceB. fitnessC. funD. nature
48. A. grwB. cntrlC. activateD. relax
49. A. needB. chiceC. reasnD. difference
50. A. green lightB. rad blckC. passing markD. stepping stne
51. A. HelpB. CnsultC. FllwD. Frgive
52. A. acceptedB. sharedC. expectedD. celebrated
53. A. galB. caseC. dutyD. cst
54. A. instructrsB. admirersC. beginnersD. dubters
55. A. authrityB. excuseC. inspiratinD. ptin
【答案】41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位65岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，消除网络质疑的故事。
41..考查动词词义辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. write写作；B. travel旅行；C. exercise锻炼；D. recver康复。根据下文的“Determined t turn her life arund, Ms Dnhue began t wrk ut...”可知，此处指老奶奶开始锻炼身体。故选C。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. gdwill善意、友好；B. timeut超时；C. lng-distance长途；D. wake-up唤醒。结合语境，再根据后文“She’d been struggling with eating disrders and health issues”可推知，此处指这是一次“警醒”老奶奶的经历。故选D。
43.考查副词词义辨析。句意：她一直在与饮食失调和健康问题作斗争，最终导致她接受了手术。A. nrmally通常；B. ultimately最终；C. suddenly突然；D. autmatically自动地。根据上文“She’d been struggling with eating disrders and health issues”以及下文“led her t getting surgery”可推知，此处指健康问题最终导致手术。故选B。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那次经历之后，她知道她需要做出改变。A. change改变；B. frtune幸运；C. wish愿望；D. deal交易。根据上文“led her t getting surgery”及后文“turn her life arund”可推知，此处指她经历过手术后领悟到了自己需要改变。故选A。
45.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Dnhue女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之后她发现了对举重的热爱。A. risky有风险的；B. traditinal传统的；C. cmfrtable舒适的；D. healthy健康的。根据上文“Ms Dnhue began t wrk ut”可推知，此处指她选择健康的生活方式。故选D。
46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Dnhue女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之后她发现了对举重的热爱。A. demand要求；B. secret秘密；C. passin激情，热情；D. cure疗法、药物。根据上文“Ms Dnhue began t wrk ut and fllw a 45 lifestyle”以及下文的“fr weightlifting”可推知，此处指她积极锻炼身体，对举重产生了热情，a passin fr sth.意为“对某事充满热情”。故选C。
47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还在社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. peace和平；B. fitness健身；C. fun乐趣；D. nature自然。根据下文“wrkut cntent”可推知，此处指她是健身爱好者。故选B。
48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还在社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. grw形成，产生；B. cntrl控制；C. activate激活；D. relax放松。根据下文“an impressive set f muscles”可推知，此处指她练出肌肉，即产生肌肉。故选A。
49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没理由不能看起来这么好。A. need需要；B. chice选择；C. reasn理由；D. difference差异。根据上文“n”以及下文“thers can’t lk this gd”可推知，此处指她认为自己可以做到，没有理由别人不能做到。故选C。
50.考查名词短语辨析。句意：坚持下去：把失败当作通往成功的垫脚石，永不放弃。A. green light绿灯；B. rad blck路障；C. passing mark通过标志；D. stepping stne踏脚石。结合语境，再根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly psts wrkut cntent, explaining there’s n 49 thers can’t lk this gd.”和“failure as a”以及下文“t success”可推知，此处指失败是成功的垫脚石。故选D。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：帮助他人：在你的旅程中激励他人。A. Help帮助；B. Cnsult咨询；C. Fllw遵循；D. Frgive原谅。根据下文“Lift thers up”可推知，此处指她提倡帮助他人。故选A。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：分享成功更甜蜜。A. accepted接受；B. shared共享；C. expected期待；D. celebrated庆祝。根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly psts wrkut cntent, explaining there’s n 49 thers can’t lk this gd.”可知，这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没理由不能看起来这么好，由此可知，此处指的是成功在分享时更甜蜜。故选B。
53.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她此前曾解释道：“你无需拥有完美身材才能锻炼……锻炼的目标是让自己感觉良好，而非看起来好看。”A. gal目标；B. case案例；C. duty责任；D. cst成本。根据上文“yu d nt need t have an amazing bdy t exercise”以及下文“is t feel gd, nt lk gd.”可推知，此处指运动的目标是感觉良好。故选A。
54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Dnhue女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证明了怀疑者的错误，确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. instructrs讲师；B. admirers管理员；C. beginners初学者；D. dubters持怀疑态度的人。根据上文“Ms Dnhue used t be laughed at fr being t ld t wrk ut, but she has prved the”以及下文“wrng in the best pssible way”可推知，此处指Dnhue女士用自己的方式证明怀疑者错了。故选D。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Dnhue女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证明了怀疑者的错误，确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. authrity权威；B. excuse借口；C. inspiratin灵感；D. ptin选项。根据语境以及下文“r many scial media users”可知，一位65岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，这对其他人来说就是励志的典范，由此可知，此处指她成为许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。故选C。
【2024新课标I卷】
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I’ve been mtivated – and demtivated – by ther flks’ achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighbrhd friend 41 a marathn race. Feeling mtivated, I started running 42 , but then tw things happened. First, a girl I met ne day tld me she was 43 fr a “super,” referring t a 52.4-mile duble marathn. Then, the next day I went n my lngest run – 15 miles. T be hnest, I 44 it! Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure bredm f jgging, I decided that the nly 46 I’d ever run again is if a big dg was running after me!
S I 47 cycling. I gt a gd bike and rde a lt. I 48 f entering cycle races until I flew t San Dieg t visit my sister. While she was at wrk ne day, I 49 her bike and went fr a ride. The 50 : The rads there went thrugh large valleys where I’d be riding uphill fr miles at a time. I’d never faced such 51 . That day, I gt 52 by abut 100 “lcal” bikers wh were used t such rads. When I gt back hme, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as 53 .
I’ve 54 a lt since then. I’ve cme t accept that whatever 55 I set fr myself, they just have t be my wn.
41. A. knewB. heldC. wnD. quit
42. A. regularlyB. silentlyC. prudlyD. recently
43. A. askingB. lkingC. waitingD. training
44. A. madeB. believedC. hatedD. deserved
45. A. advantageB. achievementC. cntributinD. influence
46. A. wayB. riskC. placeD. reasn
47. A. gave upB. went nC. turned tD. dealt with
48. A. heardB. dreamedC. cmplainedD. apprved
49. A. paintedB. brrwedC. bughtD. parked
50. A. prblemB. secretC. principleD. advice
51. A. dangersB. eventsC. ppnentsD. challenges
52. A. passedB. cnvincedC. admiredD. stpped
53. A. reliableB. cnvenientC. familiarD. appealing
54. A. traveledB. maturedC. missedD. wrried
55. A. limitsB. datesC. galsD. tests
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。它详细叙述了作者在不同阶段对不同运动（跑步和骑自行车）的兴趣和经历，并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew知道；B. held抓住；C. wn赢得；D. quit退出。根据后文“Feeling mtivated”可知，作者有了动力，所以此处应是一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C项。
42.考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly有规律地；B. silently默默地；C. prudly自豪地；D. recently最近。根据前文“Feeling mtivated” 可知，作者有了动力，所以应是定期跑步，符合语境。故选A项。
43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练，指的是52.4英里的双马拉松。A. asking要求；B. lking看；C. waiting等待；D. training训练。根据后文“referring t a 52.4-mile duble marathn”可知，女孩要跑双马拉松，所以此处应是为之训练，符合语境。故选D项。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我讨厌它!A. made制作；B. believed相信；C. hated讨厌；D. deserved值得。根据前文“Then, the next day I went n my lngest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure bredm f jgging”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles和女孩一比微不足道，所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C项。
45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我! A. advantage优势；B. achievement成就；C. cntributin贡献；D. influence影响。根据前文“Then, the next day I went n my lngest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“seem small”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles，而女孩在为52.4 miles做训练，所以应是作者的成就微不足道。故选B项。
46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A. way方式；B. risk风险；C. place地方；D. reasn理由。根据后文“I’d ever run again is if a big dg was running after me!”可知，有一只大狗在追“我”，“我”才会再跑步，这里说的是跑步的原因。故选D项。
47.考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我开始骑自行车。A. gave up放弃；B. went n继续；C. turned t转向；D. dealt with处理。根据前文“I decided that the nly6I'd ever run again is if a big dg was running after me!”可知，作者决定放弃跑步，所以此处应是转向骑自行车。故选C项。
48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A. heard听到；B. dreamed梦想；C. cmplained抱怨；D. apprved批准。根据后文“f entering cycle races”结合选项可知，此处应是作者梦想着参加自行车比赛，符合语境。故选B项。
49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。A. painted把……描绘成；B. brrwed借；C. bught买；D. parked停(车)。根据前文“I flew t San Dieg t visit my sister”以及后文“went fr a ride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去骑行的话，应是向妹妹借自行车。故选B项。
50.考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是：那里的道路穿过很大的山谷，我一次要骑上坡好几英里。A. prblem问题；B. secret秘密；C. principle原则；D. advice建议。根据后文“I’d be riding uphill fr miles at a time. I’d never faced such 51 .”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说，是一个问题。故选A项。
51.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。A. dangers危险；B. events事件；C. ppnents对手；D. challenges挑战。根据前文“The 50 : The rads there went thrugh large valleys where I’d be riding uphill fr miles at a time.”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说是一个挑战。故选D项。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：。那天，我被大约100个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。A. passed超过；B. cnvinced说服；C. admired欣赏；D. stpped阻止。根据前文“I’d never faced such 51 .”可知，作者骑上坡好几英里是个挑战，所以是被很多人超过。故选A项。
53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家，突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable可信赖的；B. cnvenient方便的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据前文“That day, I gt 52 by abut 100 “lcal” bikers wh were used t such rads.”可知，作者那天骑行被100多人超过，所以此时是觉得骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。故选D项。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled旅行；B. matured (情感和认识)成熟；C. missed思念；D. wrried担心。根据后文“I’ve cme t accept that whatever 55 I set fr myself, they just have t be my wn.”可知，作者不再轻易放弃，所以是成熟了很多。故选B项。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经开始接受这样一个事实：无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的。A. limits限制；B. dates日期；C. gals目标；D. tests测试。根据后文“I set fr myself, they just have t be my wn.”可知，此处应是“无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的”，符合语境。故选C项。
【2022新课标I卷】
My life as a tax-paying emplyed persn began in middle schl, when, fr three whle days, I wrked in a baking factry.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hugh Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 41 little bunny (兔子) cakes fr all its 42 thrughut Cleveland. It happened that the plant dwntwn needed eight kids fr 43 help during ur spring break, fr which I had n 44 beynd listening t my favrite recrds. I’d 45 minimum wage. I’d see hw a factry 46 . My parents thught all f this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their 47 .
Our 48 in the factry were simple: Place cakes n a mving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nse. 49 bunny frm the belt. This was 50 than it sunds. 51 a bit and the cakes pile up. As I tld my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little mre high-pressure than I’d 52 .
Dad 53 . The sn f a grcer, he’d spent the summers f his childhd 54 fd in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the srt f wrk that made yu 55 the dllars yu earned and respect thse wh did the wrk, he tld me.
41. A. sldB. rderedC. madeD. reserved
42. A. stresB. familiesC. schlsD. citizens
43. A. generusB. financialC. technicalD. temprary
44. A. plansB. prblemsC. excusesD. hbbies
45. A. fferB. earnC. setD. suggest
46. A. wrkedB. clsedC. develpedD. survived
47. A. ambitinB. permissinC. experienceD. invitatin
48. A. jysB. ideasC. rlesD. chices
49. A. SaveB. KeepC. StpD. Remve
50. A. harderB. betterC. lngerD. cheaper
51. A. Calm dwnB. Slw dwnC. Stay nD. Mve n
52. A. indicatedB. witnessedC. expectedD. remembered
53. A. criedB. smiledC. hesitatedD. refused
54. A. tastingB. findingC. sharingD. delivering
55. A. withdrawB. dnateC. receiveD. appreciate
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在一次春假时，作者去工厂打工赚钱，感触颇多。父亲认为这种工作不仅能让孩子感谢得到的报酬，而且能够学会尊重那些从事这项工作的人。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。A. sld销售；B. rdered命令；C. made制作；D. reserved预定。根据下文“Our 48 in the factry were simple: Place cakes n a mving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nse. 49 bunny frm the belt.”可知，这家面包店是制作兔子蛋糕的。故选C。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。A. stres商店；B. families家庭；C. schls学校；D. citizens市民。根据下文“thrughut Cleveland”以及常识可知，此处表示这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。故选A。
43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，这段时间我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. generus慷慨的；B. financial金融的；C. technical技术的；D. temprary暂时的。根据下文“during ur spring break”可知，这是一份临时性的工作。故选D。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，这段时间我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. plans计划；B. prblems问题；C. excuses借口；D. hbbies爱好。根据下文“beynd listening t my favrite recrds”可知，此处表示作者没有其他计划。故选A。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会挣最低工资。A. ffer提供；B. earn挣得；C. set放置；D. suggest建议。根据下文“minimum wage”可知，作者会挣最低工资。故选B。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会看到工厂是如何运作的。A. wrked运作；B. clsed关闭；C. develped发展；D. survived幸存。根据上文“I’d see hw a factry”可知，此处表示作者可以看到工厂是如何运作的。故选A。
47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这一切都是一个伟大的主意，并打电话给Betsy的父亲，得到了他们的允许。A. ambitin抱负；B. permissin允许；C. experience经历；D. invitatin邀请。根据上文“My parents thught all f this was a grand idea”可知，作者的父母认为这个主意很好，所以他们打电话给Betsy的父亲，得到了他们的允许。故选B。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。A. jys欢乐；B. ideas观点；C. rles任务；D. chices选择。根据下文“Place cakes n a mving belt. Attach icing ears. Apply icing eyes and nse. 49 bunny frm the belt.”可知，此处表示作者在工厂的任务。故选C。
49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：把兔子蛋糕从传送带上拿下来。A. Save节省；B. Keep保持；C. Stp停止；D. Remve移动。根据下文“bunny frm the belt.”可知，此处表示把兔子蛋糕从传送带上拿下来。故选D。
50.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这比听起来难多了。A. harder更难的；B. better更好的；C. lnger更长的；D. cheaper更便宜的。根据下文“ 51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知，这项工作比听起来更难。故选A。
51.考查动词短语辨析。句意：慢一点，蛋糕就堆起来了。A. Calm dwn平静下来；B. Slw dwn慢一点；C. Stay n继续停留；D. Mve n往前走。根据下文“and the cakes pile up”以及常识可知，速度慢一点，传送带上的蛋糕就会堆积起来。故选B。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如我在第一晚的晚餐时告诉父母的那样，压力比我预想的要大一点。A. indicated表明；B. witnessed目击；C. expected预料；D. remembered记得。根据上文“This was 50 than it sunds. 51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知，工作的实际情况比作者预料的压力更大。故选C。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲笑了。A. cried哭；B. smiled微笑；C. hesitated犹豫；D. refused拒绝。根据下文“This was the srt f wrk that made yu 55 the dllars yu earned and respect thse wh did the wrk, he tld me.”可知，作者的父亲看到作者在挣钱的经历中有所感悟和收获，父亲笑了。故选B。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送食物。A. tasting品尝；B. finding找到；C. sharing分享；D. delivering递送。根据上文“The sn f a grcer”可知，作为一个杂货商的儿子，作者的父亲夏天会去送食物。故选D。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，这种工作能让你感激得到的报酬，并尊重那些从事这项工作的人。A. withdraw撤退；B. dnate捐赠；C. receive收到；D. appreciate感激。根据下文“the dllars yu earned”以及常识可知，此处表示感激自己劳动所得的报酬。故选D。
【2021新课标II卷】
Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended t be smene else many times, and has even learned t 41 different dialects（方言），leading t him being described as an “Oscar-winning actr".
The 60-year-ld is nt an actr, but a 42 Hwever, he is mre devted t his “ 43 "than any real actr.
In the 1990s, a grup f thieves ften sld stlen gds with the help f sme beggars. T lk int the 44 ，Wang disguised（伪装）himself and 45 the beggars. Dirty shrts and ld shes gave him the 46 f a real beggar and his cnvincing dialect sn wn him the 47 f the beggars.
“I ften 48 them t drink alchl. Once they were 49 ,they began t talk a lt," Wang said. “I'd then 50 myself t use the tilet, 51 what the beggars said, and send the 52 t my teammates.”
Wang，wh is ften in 53 situatins, is als a jud （柔道） master. “As lng as I get clse enugh, n criminal can 54 frm me," he said.
Wang's 55 wn him several hnrs, including a Natinal May Day Labr Medal and 11 Citatins f Merit. Paris.
41. A. teachB. cmpareC. assessD. speak
42. A. lawyerB. dctrC. plicemanD. businessman
43. A. rleB. studyC. familyD. audience
44. A. minrB. caseC. futureD. questin
45. A. interviewedB. jinedC. arrestedD. assisted
46. A. challengeB. experienceC. appearanceD. freedm
47. A. vteB. sympathyC. permissinD. trust
48. A. invitedB. frcedC. helpedD. expected
49. A. drunkB. desertedC. bredD. lst
50. A. guideB. persuadeC. excuseD. allw
51. A. refer tB. nte dwnC. ask abutD. miss ut
52. A. planB. agreementC. directinD. infrmatin
53. A. awkwardB. dangerusC. unfrtunateD. strange
54. A. separateB. recverC. escapeD. hear
55. A. curageB. hnestyC. kindnessD. ptimism
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. B 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. A 50. C 51. B 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. A
【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了警察王先生在过去的58年里，多次假扮别人，甚至学会了说不同的方言，不顾危险混入犯罪团伙，成功破案的故事。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的58年里，王先生多次假扮别人，甚至学会了说不同的方言，这让他被称为“奥斯卡获奖演员”。A. teach 教授；B. cmpare 比较；C. assess评估； D. speak讲话 。根据“Mr. Wang has pretended t be smene else many times”可知，能扮成别人，还会讲不同的方言。故填D。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位60岁的老人不是演员，而是警察 。A. lawyer 律师；B. dctr医生； C. pliceman 警察；D. businessman 商人。根据“T lk int the ____44____，Wang disguised（伪装）himself”以及“including a Natinal May Day Labr Medal and 11 Citatins f Merit.Paris.”可知，王先生是一名警察。故填C。
43.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他比任何真正的演员都更专注于他的“角色”。A. rle 角色；B. study学习； C. family 家庭；D. audience观众 。根据“than any real actr.”可知，王投身于演员的角色中。故填A。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了调查这个案子,王伪装自己并加入了乞丐中。A. minr 未成年人，辅修；B. case 情况,案件；C. future 未来；D. questin问题。根据“In the 1990s, a grup f thieves ften sld stlen gds with the help f sme beggars. ”可知，这是一起犯罪案件。故填B。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了调查这个案子,王伪装自己并加入了乞丐中。A. interviewed采访； B. jined 加入；C. arrested 逮捕；D. assisted协助。根据“T lk int the”可知，他混入乞丐中。故填B。
46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：肮脏的短裤和旧鞋子使他看起来像一个真正的乞丐，他那令人信服的方言很快赢得了乞丐们的信任。A. challenge 挑战；B. experience 经历；C. appearance出现，外表； D. freedm自由。根据“ Dirty shrts and ld shes”可知，这是描述外表。故填C。
47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：肮脏的短裤和旧鞋子使他看起来像一个真正的乞丐，他那令人信服的方言很快赢得了乞丐们的信任。A. vte 投票；B. sympathy 同情；C. permissin 批准；D. trust 信任。根据“ his cnvincing dialect sn wn him the”可知，他的方言讲得好，赢得乞丐们信任。故填D。
48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我经常邀请他们喝酒。一旦他们喝醉了，他们就开始说很多话。A. invited 邀请；B. frced 强迫；C. helped 帮助；D. expected期待。根据“them t drink alchl”可知，为了套话，王先生请他们喝酒。故填A。
49.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我经常邀请他们喝酒。一旦他们喝醉了，他们就开始说很多话。A. drunk喝醉的； B. deserted抛弃的； C. bred 无聊的；D. lst失去的 。根据“them t drink alchl”可知，话多是在喝醉后。故填A。
50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队友。A. guide 引导；B. persuade劝说； C. excuse 找借口；D. allw允许 。根据“and send the t my teammates.”可知，为了发送出信息，王借口去厕所。故填C。
51.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队友。A. refer t 指的是；B. nte dwn作记录; C. ask abut 询问；D. miss ut 错过，遗漏。根据“what the beggars said, ”可知，王把乞丐醉后真言记下来。故填B。
52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队友。A. plan 计划；B. agreement 同意；C. directin 指导；D. infrmatin 信息。根据“what the beggars said, ”可知，这是重要信息。故填D。
53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：王是经常在危险的情况下,也是一个柔道大师。A. awkward 尴尬的；B. dangerus危险的； C. unfrtunate 不幸的；D. strange奇怪的 。根据“ n criminal can _______ frm me,"”可知，经常处于犯罪分子中，这是很危险的情况。故填B。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“只要我离得够近，任何罪犯都逃不掉，”他说。A. separate 分离；B. recver恢复； C. escape 逃避；D. hear 听到。根据“ is als a jud （柔道） master. ”可知，身为柔道大师，他不放过罪犯。故填C。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：王的勇气为他赢得了许多荣誉，包括一枚全国五一劳动奖章和11项嘉奖。A. curage 勇气；B. hnesty 诚实；C. kindness 善良；D. ptimism 乐观。根据“Wang disguised（伪装）himself”可知，王乔装打扮混入罪犯团伙，勇气可嘉。故填A。
考点2 记叙文之人与社会
【2025浙江1月卷】
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Manuela Ribeir has a healthy addictin. It’s 41 . A few mnths ag, the 30-year-ld teacher decided it was time t put her 42 t gd use. She signed up n the website Bkalkal, and nw welcmes 43 int her Brussels flat twice a week fr dinner parties.
Ribeir 44 €35 per persn fr what is usually a three-curse meal that can last up t three hurs. Fr Ribeir, it has becme a perfect platfrm fr 45 her hbby f buying fd, 46 new recipes and hlding dinner parties.
“It’s a great pprtunity t share my passin fr fd and t 47 new peple,” said Ribeir. Smetimes she prepares traditinal Brazilian dishes 48 her native hme; ther times she 49 dinner curses with her favrite beers.
The platfrm has enabled Ribeir t realise her dream with a great deal f freedm, as 50 t a restaurant where the service is 51 , the menu is knwn in advance, and the meal is expected t be n 52 .
“But it’s als a great 53 , fr it can smetimes take days t 54 a single event,” Ribeir said. “This platfrm is nt nly 55 fr prfessinal cks, but als fr thse willing t discver new experiences.”
41. A. reading B. traveling C. cking D. teaching
42. A. hbby B. energy C. educatin D. mney
43. A. cwrkers B. students C. relatives D. strangers
44. A. pays B. charges C. wes D. raises
45. A. pursuing B. chsing C. discussing D. changing
46. A. passing n B. trying ut C. ging ver D. taking dwn
47. A. hire B. help C. meet D. train
48. A. in additin t B. in return fr C. in hnr f D. in line with
49. A. replaces B. tastes C. rders D. pairs
50. A. ppsed B. related C. subject D. vital
51. A. invaluable B. impersnal C. unsuitable D. unprfessinal
52. A. surprise B. end C. need D. prblem
53. A. lessn B. pleasure C. success D. challenge
54. A. celebrate B. recrd C. attend D. rganise
55. A. selected B. reserved C. evaluated D. requested
【导读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位巴西裔老师利用社交平台，将其烹饪爱好变成一种新型社交模式的故事。
【解析】
41. C。根据下文的a three-curse meal、her hbby f buying fd、new recipes、share my passin fr fd等信息可知，首句中提到的healthy addictin指的是烹饪（cking）。
42. A。根据第二段的关键词hbby f buying fd、recipes and hlding dinner parties可知，这位30岁的女教师决定好好利用她的业余爱好（hbby）。
43. D。根据第三段的It’s a great pprtunity t share my passin fr fd and t ... new peple 可推知，每周到Ribeir 家里参加宴会的人都是不认识的人，故strangers 符合语境。
44. B。Bkalkal 是一个可以预订由当地居民主办的私人餐宴的网络平台，且根据第一段的twicea week fr dinner parties、本段中的buying fd 和第三段中的new peple可知，Ribeir 每周要为这些新人购买食材、做饭、举办宴会，这些都是需要耗费时间、精力、金钱的，所以Ribeir 会向这些来用餐的人收费（charges）。
45. A。下文提到的buying fd、hlding dinner parties 都是Ribeir 追求（pursuing）自己烹饪爱好的体现。
46. B。根据下文的Smetimes she prepares traditinal Brazilian dishes ... ther times she ... dinner curses with her favrite beers. 以及... realise her dream with a great deal f freedm、discver new experiences 等信息可推断，Ribeir烹饪时有很大的自由发挥空间，她会试做（trying ut）新的食谱。
47. C。根据第一段的She signed up n the website Bkalkal, and nw welcmes ... int her Brussels flat twice a week fr dinner parties. 可知，Ribeir通过在网站注册，可以在家举办宴会活动，结识（meet）新人。
48. C。根据空白处前后的she prepares traditinal Brazilian dishes 和her native hme 的语境可推知，Ribeir 做传统巴西菜肴是为了纪念（in hnr f）自己的家乡。
49. D。根据she ... dinner curseswith 结构可知，她是给晚餐配（pairs）上佳酿，而非用酒替代晚餐的菜肴。
50. A。根据空白处前的The platfrm has enabled Ribeir t realise her dream with a great deal f freedm 可知，Ribeir烹饪时有很大的自由发挥空间，再联系下文介绍的餐馆的情况可推知，此处是说Ribeir在家准备宴席不同于（ppsed）餐馆。
51. B。空白处是在描述餐馆服务的特点，上文说Ribeir 在家准备宴席时可以自由发挥，相比之下，餐馆服务则显得缺乏人情味儿（impersnal）。
52. A。根据上文的the menu is knwn in advance 可推知，餐馆的菜品没有新意，surprise符合语境。
53. D。第三段和第四段都在说Ribeir在家举办宴会活动的好的一面，根据空白处前的But 可知，本句语意有转折，再根据后面介绍的原因fr it can smetimes take days t ... a single event可知，有时要花数天时间，可见此事也是一项挑战（challenge）。
54. D。根据上文的it can smetimes take days 和下文的a single event 可推知，这里是说Ribeir在家筹备（rganise）宴会活动有时候要花数天时间。
55. B。根据本句中的nt nly... fr prfessinal cks, but als fr thse willing t discver new experiences. 可知，这个平台也适用于那些乐意发现新体验的人，并非只为了专业厨师保留，reserved 符合语境。
【2024新课标II卷】
When I decided t buy a huse in Eurpe ten years ag, I didn't think t lng. I liked traveling in France, but when it came t picking my favrite spt t 41 , Italy was the clear winner.
During my first visit t Italy, I 42 t ask fr directins r rder in a restaurant. But every time I tried t 43 a sentence f Italian tgether, the lcals smiled at me and 44 my language skills. That encuragement helped me t get thrugh the language 45 . After I made Italy my permanent hme, I discvered hw 46 Italians are. Neighbrs will bring me freshly made cheese and will cme t my dr t 47 me t clse the windw in my car when rain is cming. It's these small 48 f kindness that make a new cuntry feel like hme.
As a fdie, the way t my heart is thrugh my stmach, and nwhere fuels my 49 quite like Italy. Each twn has its wn traditinal 50 , and every family keeps a recipe passed frm ne generatin t anther. Families 51 fr big meals n Sundays, birthdays, and whatever ther excuses they can 52 . These meals are always 53 by laughter and jy. Whatever 54 life in Italy might have, the prblems are 55 nce yu sit dwn t a big meal with friends and family.
41. A. studyB. rentC. visitD. settle
42. A. plannedB. struggledC. refusedD. happened
43. A. stringB. hangC. mixD. match
44. A. imprvedB. assessedC. admiredD. praised
45. A. curseB. barrierC. areaD. test
46. A. pen-mindedB. strng-willedC. warm-heartedD. well-infrmed
47. A. remindB. allwC. persuadeD. rder
48. A. tricksB. prmisesC. actsD. duties
49. A. ambitinB. successC. appetiteD. grwth
50. A. cstumeB. dishC. symblD. tale
51. A. gatherB. cheerC. leaveD. wait
52. A. put up withB. stand up frC. cme up withD. make up fr
53. A. signaledB. cnfirmedC. representedD. accmpanied
54. A. disadvantagesB. meaningsC. surprisesD. pprtunities
55. A. createdB. frgttenC. understdD. identified
【答案】41. D 44. B 45. A 44. D 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. C 49. C 50. B 51. A 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者十年前选择在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人情。
41.考查名词词义辨析，句意：我喜欢在法国旅行，但当谈到选择我最喜欢的定居地点时，意大利显然是赢家。A. study学习；B. rent租金；C. visit游览；D. settle定居。根据下文“After I made Italy my permanent hme”以及“make a new cuntry feel like hme”可推知，此处指作者最喜欢的定居地点。故选D。
42.考查动词词义辨析，句意：在我第一次访问意大利时，我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A. planned计划；B. struggled斗争、吃力地进行；C. refused拒绝；D. happened出现、发生。根据上文“During my first visit t Italy”可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。故选B。
43.考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. string串起、连成一串；B. hang悬挂；C. mix混合；D. match配对。根据下文“a sentence f Italian tgether”可推知，此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。
44.考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. imprved改进；B. assessed评估；C. admired钦佩；D. praised赞扬。根据上文“the lcals smiled at me”以及下文“That encuragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。故选D。
45.考查名词词义辨析，句意：这种鼓励帮助我克服了语言障碍。A.curse课程；B. barrier障碍；C. area区域；D. test测试。根据上文“the lcals smiled at me and praised my language skills. That encuragement helped me”可推知，此处指当地人对作者的鼓励帮助他克服了语言障碍。故选B。
46.考查形容词词义辨析，句意：当我把意大利作为永久的家后，我发现了意大利人是多么的热情。A. pen-minded思想开明的；B. strng-willed思想坚定的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. well-infrmed见多识广的。根据下文邻居的热心行为“Neighbrs will bring me freshly made cheese and will cme t my dr”和“clse the windw in my car when rain is cming.”可推知，此处指邻居是热情的。故选C。
47.考查动词词义辨析，句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。A. remind提醒；B. allw允许；C. persuade说服；D. rder命令。根据上文“I discvered hw warm-hearted Italians are”以及下文“will cme t my dr”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。
48.考查名词词义辨析，句意：正是这些小小的善举让一个新国家有家的感觉。A. tricks技巧；B. prmises承诺；C. acts行为；D. duties职责。根据上文“Neighbrs will bring me freshly made cheese and will cme t my dr t remind me t clse the windw in my car when rain is cming.”可推知，此处指邻居们的善举。故选C。
49.考查名词词义辨析，句意：作为一个美食家，通往我内心的路是通过我的胃，没有什么地方能像意大利那样刺激我的食欲。A. ambitin雄心；B. success成功；C. appetite食欲；D. grwth发育。根据上文“As a fdie, the way t my heart is thrugh my stmach”可推知，此处指做这是一个美食家，所以应该是刺激食欲。故选C。
50.考查名词词义辨析，句意：每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴，每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱。A. cstume服装；B. dish菜肴；C. symbl符号；D. tale故事。根据上文“fuels my appetite”以及下文“every family keeps a recipe passed frm ne generatin t anther”可推知，此处指意大利各地都有传统菜肴。故选B。
51.考查动词词义辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. gather集合；B. cheer欢呼；C. leave留下；D. wait等待。根据上文“Families”以及下文“with friends and family”可推知，此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。故选A。
52.考查动词短语辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. put up with克服；B. stand up fr支持；C. cme up with想出；D. make up fr弥补。根据上文“whatever ther excuses they can”可推知，此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。故选C。
53.考查动词词义辨析，句意：这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。A. signaled示意；B. cnfirmed确认；C. represented代表；D. accmpanied伴随。根据下文“by laughter and jy”可推知，此处指家人们在一起用餐时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“accmpany by”译为“伴随”。故选D。
54.考查名词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A. disadvantages缺点；B. meanings含义；C. surprises惊喜；D. pprtunities机会。根据上文“Whatever”以及下文“the prblems”可推知，此处指在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处。故选A。
55.考查动词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A. created创建；B. frgtten忘记；C. understd理解；D. identified确认。根据上文“Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the prblems”以及下文“nce yu sit dwn t a big meal with friends and family”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人们吃一顿饭就会忘记不愉快。故选B。
【2024浙江1月卷】
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
While taking a 20-hur train ride alng the edge f the Taklimakan Desert in nrthwestern China, I had the kind f humbling, educatinal, and abve all else, wnderful 41 with a lcal that all travelers lng fr. A yung Chinese man 42 me n the train. My 43 friend spke virtually n English, s I happily tk the 44 t practice my Chinese.
Over several hurs, he wuld tell me abut hw he had 45 a tw-year prfessinal schl t quickly find a jb 46 highways in rder t help supprt his family. Perhaps the mst 47 , hwever, was the fact that this man spent hurs studying every day after hard physical labr. Withut batting an eye, he wuld 48 a translated Emersn passage befre asking abut the literary influence f American 49 as a whle. ”And what d yu all learn abut Russian authrs?” I 50 him asking at ne pint.
It wuld have been easy t 51 my assumptins abut this highway builder wh had never been mre than a few hundred miles frm hme. But this highly infrmed, 52 , and admirable persn prevented me ding s. In the curse f a cuple f hurs, he 53 me just hw much ne can gain frm 54 with an pen mind, and a willingness t 55 with lcals frm all walks f life.
41. A. experimentB. encunterC. cmpetitinD. appintment
42. A. treatedB. savedC. lecturedD. apprached
43. A. trueB. s-calledC. newD. lng-lst
44. A. chanceB. adviceC. trubleD. right
45. A. visitedB. financedC. attendedD. funded
46. A. buildingB. sweepingC. checkingD. guarding
47. A. typicalB. bviusC. naturalD. remarkable
48. A. publishB. quteC. cpyD. dwnlad
49. A. writersB. histriansC. wrkersD. students
50. A. anticipateB. imagineC. recallD. catch
51. A. lk intB. rely nC. g verD. deal with
52. A. well-behavedB. multi-skilledC. warm-heartedD. self-educated
53. A. askedB. warnedC. shwedD. prmised
54. A. travelingB. readingC. searchingD. teaching
55. A. cperateB. sideC. negtiateD. engage
【答案】41. B42. D43. C44. A45. C46. A47. D48. B49. A50. C51. B52. D53. C54. A55. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发现，年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。
41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20个小时的火车时，其间我与一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这是所有旅行者都渴望的。A. experiment实验；B. encunter邂逅；C. cmpetitin比赛；D. appintment任命。根据后文“with a lcal that all travelers lng fr”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。
42.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated对待；B. saved拯救；C. lectured演讲；D. apprached靠近。根据后文“me n the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。
43，考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. true真的；B. s-called所谓的；C. new新的；D. lng-lst很久不见的。根据上文“A yung Chinese man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. chance机会；B. advice建议；C. truble麻烦；D. right权利。根据后文“t practice my Chinese”可知，作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. visited拜访；B. financed提供资金；C. attended参加，上(学)；D. funded成立。根据后文“a tw-year prfessinal schl”可知，指这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building修建；B. sweeping打扫；C. checking检查；D. guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in rder t help supprt his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。
47.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习。A. typical典型的；B. bvius显然的；C. natural自然的；D. remarkable引人注目的。根据后文“this man spent hurs studying every day after hard physical labr.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。
48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. publish出版；B. qute引用；C. cpy复制；D. dwnlad下载。根据后文“a translated Emersn passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。
49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. writers作者；B. histrians历史学家；C. wrkers工人；D. students学生。根据上文“a translated Emersn passage befre asking abut the literary influence f American”以及后文“And what d yu all learn abut Russian authrs?(你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？)”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感兴趣。故选A。
50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A. anticipate预期；B. imagine想象；C. recall记起；D. catch抓住。根据后文“him asking at ne pint”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。故选C。
51.考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A. lk int调查；B. rely n依靠；C. g ver复习；D. deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptins abut this highway builder wh had never been mre than a few hundred miles frm hme”可知，年轻人从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。
52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。A. well-behaved行为端正的；B. multi-skilled多技能的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. self-educated自学的。呼应上文“this man spent hurs studying every day after hard physical labr.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. asked询问；B. warned警告；C. shwed展示；D. prmised承诺。根据后文“me just hw much ne can gain frm”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人可以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。故选C。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. traveling旅行；B. reading阅读；C. searching搜索；D. teaching教学。根据后文“with an pen mind, and a willingness t”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. cperate合作；B. side边；C. negtiate协商；D. engage参与。根据后文“with lcals frm all walks f life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with表示“与……接触”。故选D。
【2024九省联考卷】
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I was halfway acrss Indiana headed hme t Kentucky when my car brke dwn. My phne was 41 , t. I managed t get t a gas statin, but it was Sunday in the early fall, and there was n 42 n duty. I was wrking my way thrugh university then and had little mney fr 43 the car.
I sat alngside my car fr several hurs trying t 44 the heat when an lder gentleman 45 t fuel his car. He asked abut my car, and I 46 my predicament (困境). T my 47 , the gentleman tld me that he had a daughter my age, and then he pened his trunk and 48 a tl set.
Right then and there, this ttal 49 examined my engine, explaining as he wrked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn't been changed fr s lng that they were 50 t functin. After abut an hur, he 51 that my car was safe t finish the trip.
52 came at the hands f a stranger. 53 his clthes, wrking n a ht September afternn, this man 54 a cllege student frm disaster, just because she culd have been his 55 .
41. A. busyB. ludC. deadD. secure
42. A. mechanicB. plicemanC. managerD. guide
43. A. washingB. parkingC. purchasingD. maintaining
44. A. feelB. beatC. absrbD. prduce
45. A. prmisedB. refusedC. stppedD. vlunteered
46. A. slvedB. nticedC. escapedD. explained
47. A. surpriseB. regretC. amusementD. disappintment
48. A. called upB. pulled utC. put dwnD. threw away
49. A. liarB. beginnerC. strangerD. lser
50. A. freeB. readyC. uncertainD. unable
51. A. prnuncedB. agreedC. discveredD. dubted
52. A. TirednessB. KindnessC. LnelinessD. Carefulness
53. A. FldingB. DryingC. SilingD. Mending
54. A. savedB. calledC. judgedD. banned
55. A. friendB. daughterC. cwrkerD. custmer
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的车在半路坏了，正巧赶上周日，在加油站并没有找到修车的人。这时恰巧有一位年长的绅士来加油。了解到作者遇到的困难后，他主动帮助作者修了车。作者对此非常的感谢。
41.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的手机也没电了。A. busy忙的；B. lud大声的；C. dead（因无电力）不工作的；D. secure可靠的。根据上文“I was halfway acrss Indiana headed hme t Kentucky when my car brke dwn.”以及句中的t可知，作者的车坏了，手机也因为没电而关机了。故选C。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我设法去了一个加油站，但那是初秋的周日，没有机修工值班。A. mechanic机修工；B. pliceman警察；C. manager经理；D. guide指导。根据上文“but it was Sunday in the early fall”可知，作者的车坏了，所以她应该去找修车的。但是因为是周日，所以加油站的机修工都没上班。故选A。
43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时我正努力读完大学，几乎没有钱保养这辆车。A. washing清洗；B. parking停车；C. purchasing购买；D. maintaining保养。根据空前“I was wrking my way thrugh university then and had little mney”可知，作者当时正在在读大学，没有什么钱，所以几乎是不保养车的。故选D。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在车旁坐了几个小时试图避暑，这时一位年长的绅士停下来给他的车加油。A. feel感觉；B. beat击败；C. absrb吸收；D. prduce生产。根据下文“wrking n a ht September afternn”可知，事情发生在一个炎热的夏天，作者坐在车边试图保持凉爽。beat the heat“消暑，在炎热的天气中保持凉爽”。故选B。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在车旁坐了几个小时试图避暑，这时一位年长的绅士停下来给他的车加油。A. prmised答应了；B. refused拒绝；C. stpped停止；D. vlunteered自愿的。根据上文“I managed t get t a gas statin”可知，作者是在加油站，所以有一辆车停下来加油。故选C。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他问起我的车，我解释了我的困境。A. slved解决；B. nticed注意到；C. escaped逃脱。D. explained解释。根据上文“He asked abut my car”可知，这位绅士询问作者的车出了什么问题，然后作者向他解释了他的困境。故选D。
47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这位先生告诉我，他有一个和我同龄的女儿，然后他打开行李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. surprise惊喜；B. regret遗憾；C. amusement可笑；D. disappintment失望。根据下文“the gentleman tld me that he had a daughter my age, and then he pened his trunk and ___48___ a tl set”可知，这位年长的绅士听到作者的困难后，告诉作者他也有一个女儿，而且从车里拿出一套工具。这让作为陌生人的作者感到非常的惊讶。故选A。
48.考查动词短语辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这位先生告诉我，他有一个和我同龄的女儿，然后他打开行李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. called up打电话给；B. pulled ut取出；C. put dwn放下；D. threw away扔掉了。根据空后“a tl set”以及下文“Right then and there, this ttal ___49___ examined my engine, explaining as he wrked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed fr s lng that they were __50___ t functin.”可知，这位绅士从他的车里拿出一套工具，帮作者修起了车。故选B。
49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，这个完全陌生的人检查了我的发动机，一边工作一边解释说，我的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，以至于无法工作。A. liar骗子；B. beginner初学者；C. stranger陌生人；D. lser失败者。根据上文“I sat alngside my car fr several hurs trying t ___44___ the heat when an lder gentleman ___45___ t fuel his car”以及全文语境可知，这个绅士对于作者来说完全是个陌生人。故选C。
50.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，这个完全陌生的人检查了我的发动机，一边工作一边解释说，我的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，以至于无法工作。A. free免费的；B. ready准备好的；C. uncertain不确定；D. unable不能的。根据上文“as he wrked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed fr s lng ”可知，由于车辆的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，所以导致它不能正常工作。故选D。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一个小时后，他宣布我的车可以安全地完成旅程。A. prnunced宣布；B. agreed同意；C. discvered发现；D. dubted怀疑。根据空后“that my car was safe t finish the trip”可知，经过一个小时的修理后，那个绅士宣布说车可以安全地完成旅程。故选A。
52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：善良来自一个陌生人。A. Tiredness疲劳；B. Kindness善良；C. Lneliness孤独；D. Carefulness细心。根据全文语境可知，一位陌生人帮助了他，所以此处指善意来自一个陌生人。故选B。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个大学生，只因为她可能和他的女儿同龄。A. Flding折叠；B. Drying干燥；C. Siling弄脏。D. Mending修补。根据上文“After abut an hur, he ___51___ that my car was safe t finish the trip”可知，那位绅士给作者修了一个小时的车。此处指修车时弄脏了自己的衣服。故选C。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个大学生，只因为她可能和他的女儿同龄。A. saved救了；B. called打电话；C. judged判断；D. banned禁止。根据上文“Right then and there, this ttal ___49___ examined my engine, explaining as he wrked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed fr s lng that they were___50___ t functin.”可知，这个陌生人给作者修了车，所以作者觉得他就像是从灾难中是救了她。故选A。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个大学生，只因为她可能是他的女儿同龄。A. friend朋友。B. daughter女儿；C. cwrker同事；D. custmer顾客。根据上文“the gentleman tld me that he had a daughter my age”可知，作者觉那位绅士帮助作者是因为他有一个和她同龄的女儿。此处指作者就像那位男士的女儿。故选B。
【2023新课标I卷】
On Oct. 11, hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race in Minnesta. Melanie Bailey shuld have 41 the curse earlier than she did. Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43 acrss the finish line.
As reprted by a lcal newspaper, Bailey was mre than tw-thirds f the way thrugh her 44 when a runner in frnt f her began crying in pain. She 45 t help her fellw runner, Danielle Lenue. Bailey tk her arm t see if she culd walk frward with 46 . She culdn’t. Bailey then 47 t let Lenue climb nt her back and carried her all the way t the finish line, then anther 500 feet t where Lenue culd get 48 attentin.
Once there, Lenue was 49 and later taken t a hspital, where she learned that she had serius injuries in ne f her knees. She wuld have struggled with extreme 50 t make it t that aid checkpint withut Bailey’s help.
As fr Bailey, she is mre 51 abut why her act is cnsidered a big 52 . “She was just crying. I culdn’t 53 her,” Bailey tld the reprter. “I feel like I was just ding the right thing.”
Althugh the tw yung wmen were strangers befre the 54 , they’ve since becme friends. Neither wn the race, but the 55 f human kindness wn the day.
41. A. designedB. fllwedC. changedD. finished
42. A. delayB. chanceC. trubleD. excuse
43. A. judgeB. vlunteerC. classmateD. cmpetitr
44. A. raceB. schlC. twnD. training
45. A. agreedB. returnedC. stppedD. prmised
46. A. curageB. aidC. patienceD. advice
47. A. went awayB. std upC. stepped asideD. bent dwn
48. A. medicalB. publicC. cnstantD. equal
49. A. interruptedB. assessedC. identifiedD. appreciated
50. A. hungerB. painC. cldD. tiredness
51. A. wrriedB. ashamedC. cnfusedD. discuraged
52. A. gameB. prblemC. lessnD. deal
53. A. leaveB. cureC. btherD. understand
54. A. rideB. testC. meetD. shw
55. A. secretB. displayC. benefitD. exchange
【答案】41. D42. A43. D44. A45. C46. B47. D48. A49. B50. B51. C52. D53. A54. C55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. fllwed跟随；C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way t the finish line, then anther 500 feet t where Lenue culd get ____48____ attentin”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B. chance机会；C. truble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey shuld have ____41____ the curse earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。
43.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge裁判；B. vlunteer志愿者；C. classmate同学；D. cmpetitr参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race比赛；B. schl学校；C. twn城镇；D. training训练。根据第一段的“hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。
45，考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenue。A. agreed同意；B. returned回来；C. stpped停止；D. prmised答应。根据下文“t help her fellw runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenue。故选C。
46，考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. curage勇气；B. aid帮助；C. patience耐心；D. advice建议。根据上文“Bailey tk her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。
47.考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了500英尺，到Lenue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开； B. std up站起来；C. stepped aside让路；D. bent dwn弯腰。根据下文“let Lenue climb nt her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。
48.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了500英尺，到Lenue接受治疗的地方。A. medical医疗的；B. public公众的；C. cnstant持续不断的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medical attentin意为“医疗救助”。故选A。
49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A. interrupted打断；B. assessed评估；C. identified识别；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken t a hspital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。
50.考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A. hunger饥饿；B. pain疼痛；C. cld感冒；D. tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。
51.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. wrried担心的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. cnfused困惑的；D. discuraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just ding the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。
52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game游戏；B. prblem问题；C. lessn课；D. deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just ding the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave离开；B. cure治愈；C. bther打扰；D. understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了500英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。
54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A. ride短途旅程；B. test测试；C. meet体育比赛；D. shw展示。根据第一段“hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race”及空前的“the tw yung wmen were strangers befre”可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret秘密；B. display展示；C. benefit利益；D. exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenue climb nt her back and carried her all the way t the finish line, then anther 500 feet t where Lenue culd get ____48____ attentin”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良，故选B。
【2023新课标II卷】
In April last year, I saw a pst n the PNP (Pilts N Paws) website frm a family in Tpeka. They had t mve t Virginia but they were n a very tight 41 . They culd nt affrd t pay fr 42 fr their dg, Tiffy, and 43 wanted t take her with them.
It just 44 that I was planning anther PNP flight with anther pilt, Karen, wh 45 t take Tiffy frm Kansas City t Virginia. What I was t d was fly t Tpeka t 46 Tiffy.
When I met Tiffy’s wners, they seemed very 47 . Gerge, the husband, was trying t be calm, but I culd tell this was 48 fr him, having t leave his dg t a 49 and trust that everything wuld 50 .
After sme gdbyes, I asked Gerge and his wife t help me 51 Tiffy int the plane. I prmised t take care f Tiffy and 52 them as sn as we gt t Kansas City.
The flight was 53 , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 54 with Karen and made it back t Gerge in Virginia within a few days. He was s 55 and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great t knw that I had helped bring this family tgether again.
41. A. turnB. budgetC. scheduleD. cnnectin
42. A. fdB. shelterC. medicineD. transprtatin
43. A. desperatelyB. temprarilyC. secretlyD. riginally
44. A. appearedB. prvedC. happenedD. shwed
45. A. waitedB. fferedC. hurriedD. failed
46. A. see ffB. lk frC. hand verD. pick up
47. A. cnfusedB. nervusC. annyedD. curius
48. A. hardB. fineC. cmmnD. lucky
49. A. cwrkerB. passengerC. strangerD. neighbr
50. A. speed upB. wrk utC. cme backD. take ff
51. A. feedB. fllwC. changeD. lad
54. A. callB. jinC. leaveD. serve
55. A. unnecessaryB. unexpectedC. unavidableD. uneventful
54. A. returnedB. fughtC. flewD. agreed
55. A. thankfulB. generusC. prudD. sympathetic
【答案】41. B42. D43. A44. C45. B46. D47. B48. A49. C50. B51. D54. A55. D54. C55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过Pilts N Paws网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗接到另一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务，最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身边。
41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚，但他们的预算非常紧张。A. turn转折点；B. budget预算；C. schedule时间表；D. cnnectin联系。根据“They culd nt affrd t pay fr ___44___ fr their dg, Tiffy,”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A. fd食物；B. shelter庇护；C. medicine药；D. transprtatin交通。根据“They had t mve t Virginia but they were n a very tight ___41___ .”及下文可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费。故选D。
43.考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。 A. desperately非常、拼命地；B. temprarily暂时地；C. secretly秘密地；D. riginally起初。根据“wanted t take her with them.”可知，这家人非常想把狗一起带走。故选A。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. appeared出现；B. prved证明；C. happened碰巧；D. shwed展示。根据“I was planning anther PNP flight with anther pilt, Karen,”可知，碰巧是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。故选C。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. waited等待；B. ffered提供、主动提出；C. hurried匆忙；D. failed失败。根据“t take Tiffy frm Kansas City t Virginia.”可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。故选B。
46.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A. see ff为……送行；B. lk fr寻找；C. hand ver移交；D. pick up接载。根据“What I was t d was fly t Tpeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。
47.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我见到Tiffy的主人时，他们看起来很紧张。A. cnfused困惑的；B. nervus紧张的；C. annyed恼怒的；D. curius好奇的。根据“Gerge, the husband, was trying t be calm, but I culd tell this was ___48___ fr him, having t leave his dg t a ___49___ and trust that everything wuld ___10___ .”可知，这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。故选B。
48.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丈夫Gerge试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. hard困难的；B. fine好的；C. cmmn常见的；D. lucky幸运的。根据上文“was trying t be calm”以及下文“having t leave his dg t a ___49___ and trust that everything wuld ___10___ .”可推知，此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。故选A。
49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：丈夫Gerge试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. cwrker合作者；B. passenger乘客；C. stranger陌生人；D. neighbr邻居。根据“Gerge, the husband, was trying t be calm, but I culd tell this was ___48___ fr him,”可知，要把狗留给一个陌生人。故选C。
50.考查动词短语辨析。句意：丈夫Gerge试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. speed up加速；B. wrk ut解决；C. cme back回来；D. take ff起飞。根据“Gerge, the husband, was trying t be calm, but I culd tell this was ___48___ fr him,”可知，让狗的主人Gerge相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好，对他来说很难。故选B。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：道别之后，我让Gerge和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A. feed喂养；B. fllw跟随；C. change改变；D. lad装载。lad int装入。根据“Tiffy int the plane.”可知，作者让Gerge和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。故选D。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A. call打电话；B. jin加入；C. leave离开；D. serve服务。根据“as sn as we gt t Kansas City.”可知，作者承诺一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。故选A。
53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次飞行平安无事，Tiffy是个很棒的乘客。A. unnecessary没有必要的；B. unexpected意想不到的；C. unavidable不可避免的；D. uneventful太平无事的。根据“and Tiffy was a great passenger.”可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。故选D。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她和Karen一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的Gerge那里。 A. returned返回；B. fught打仗；C. flew飞；D. agreed同意。根据“It just ___4___ that I was planning anther PNP flight with anther pilt, Karen, wh ___5___ t take Tiffy frm Kansas City t Virginia.”可知，Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选C。
55.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他非常感激，给我发了一封很漂亮的电子邮件，并附上了照片。A. thankful感激的；B. generus慷慨的；C. prud骄傲的；D. sympathetic同情的。通读全文，再根据“and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures.”可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，Gerge非常感激。故选A。
【2023▪安徽省、云南省、吉林省、黑龙江省四省联考卷】
Dr. Smith f New Yrk wrks at a center fr children wh can’t learn well. One day a father brught his sn t him fr 41 at his ffice.
The father tld Dr. Smith abut his sn. “My sn has 42 in learning and can’t even play baseball. He isn’t ding well because he desn’t try. I have dne everything fr him. I have even shuted at him. But nthing 43 . ”
After Dr. Smith tested the by, he 44 his father. He asked the father t sit in frnt f a 45 and then gave him a pencil and a piece f paper. There was a 46 n the paper. He asked the father t lk nly in the mirrr and 47 the lines f the star with the pencil. The father made the same 48 anyne makes. Every time he 49 the pencil, it went the wrng way. The father’s face became red.
At this 50 the dctr shuted at him, “Hurry up! Why are yu 51 s lng? Yu can’t d such an 52 thing! Yu dn’t knw left frm right!” These 53 made the father very angry.
“Nw yu can 54 , can’t yu?” The dctr said t him. “Yur sn has felt just like that all the time. Yu sclded (训斥) him t ften, s he didn't try any mre. He was afraid f making mistakes. ”
55 the father understd everything. He put his face dwn. Nw he felt s srry.
41. A. testingB. actingC. teachingD. playing
42. A. cnfidenceB. interestC. experienceD. difficulty
43. A. returnsB. helpsC. appearsD. remains
44. A. waited frB. searched frC. believed inD. called in
45. A. mirrrB. televisinC. paintingD. desk
46. A. faceB. lineC. numberD. star
47. A. remveB. fllwC. crssD. cut
48. A. decisinsB. chicesC. mistakesD. patterns
49. A. tuchedB. drppedC. mvedD. sharpened
50. A. speedB. crnerC. endD. pint
51. A. stayingB. takingC. preparingD. writing
52. A. easyB. imprtantC. bviusD. exciting
53. A. ideasB. wrdsC. questinsD. instructins
54. A. relaxB. leaveC. understandD. prmise
55. A. InterestinglyB. AbslutelyC. SuddenlyD. Unfrtunately
【答案】41. A42. D43. B44. D45. A46. D47. B48. C49. C50. D51. B52. A53. B54. C55. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位父亲带学习有困难的孩子去做测试。结果，父亲才是那个造成孩子学习困难的人。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，一位父亲带着儿子到他的办公室做测试。A. testing测试；B. acting行动；C. teaching教；D. playing玩耍。根据下文“After Dr. Smith tested the by, he 44 his father.”可知，男孩做了测试。故选A。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我儿子学习有困难，甚至不会打棒球。A. cnfidence自信心；B. interest兴趣；C. experience经验；D. difficulty困难。根据下文“He isn’t ding well because he desn’t try. I have dne everything fr him.”可知，父亲为儿子做了一切，但是还是学习学不好，所以就认为儿子有学习困难。故选D。
43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是什么都没用。A. returns归还；B. helps帮助；C. appears出现；D. remains仍然。根据前文“One day a father brught his sn t him fr testing at his ffice.”可知，父亲带儿子来做测试，说明自己做的一切都是不起帮助作用的。故选B。
44.考查动词短语辨析。句意：史密斯医生检查完男孩后，把他父亲叫来。A. waited fr等待；B. searched fr寻找；C. believed in信任；D. called in叫来。根据本句“After Dr. Smith tested the by”可知，史密斯医生检查完男孩后会把父亲叫进来说明情况。故选D。
45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他让父亲坐在镜子前，然后给了他一支铅笔和一张纸。A. mirrr镜子；B. televisin电视；C. painting绘画；D. desk桌子。根据下文“He asked the father t lk nly in the mirrr and 47 the lines f the star with the pencil.”可知，父亲是坐在镜子前的。故选A。
46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：纸上有一颗星星。A. face脸；B. line行；C. number数字；D. star星星。根据下文“He asked the father t lk nly in the mirrr and 47 the lines f the star with the pencil.”可知，父亲是坐在镜子前画星星的。故选D。
47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他让父亲只照镜子，用铅笔沿着星星的线条画。A. remve移除；B. fllw跟随，按照；C. crss跨过；D. cut切割。根据本句“He asked the father t lk nly in the mirrr”可知，纸上有个星星，但是父亲只能按照要求照着镜子中的星星画。故选B。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个父亲犯了所有人都会犯的错误。A. decisins决定；B. chices选择；C. mistakes错误；D. patterns模式。根据下文“Every time he 49 the pencil, it went the wrng way.”可知，父亲也会犯错误，每次划线，都走错了方向。故选C。
49.考查动词词义辨析。句意： 每次他移动铅笔，它都走错了方向。A. tuched触摸；B. drpped掉落；C. mved移动；D. sharpened使变锋利。根据本句“it went the wrng way”可知，铅笔走错了方向，应是父亲移动铅笔。故选C。
50.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这时，医生对他喊道：“快点！ 怎么花了这么长时间？这么简单的事你做不出来！你根本不知道左右!”。A. speed速度；B. crner角落；C. end末端；D. pint要点。根据前文“Every time he 49 the pencil, it went the wrng way.”以及后文“the dctr shuted at him”可知，父亲犯了错，这时医生对他喊。故选D。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时，医生对他喊道：“快点！你怎么花了这么长时间？这么简单的事你做不出来！你根本不知道左右!”。A. staying停留；B. taking花费；C. preparing准备；D. writing写。根据前文“Every time he 49 the pencil, it went the wrng way.”可知，父亲一直犯错，会花很长时间。故选B。
54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这时，医生对他喊道：“快点！你怎么花了这么长时间？这么简单的事你做不出来！你根本不知道左右!”。A. easy容易的；B. imprtant重要的；C. bvius明显的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据后文“Yu dn’t knw left frm right!”可知，分不清左右是很简单的事。故选A。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些话让父亲非常生气。A. ideas想法；B. wrds言语；C. questins问题；D. instructins指示。根据前文“ “Hurry up! Why are yu 51 s lng? Yu can’t d such an 54 thing! Yu dn’t knw left frm right!””可知，这是医生对父亲说的话。故选B。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“现在你明白了，是吗?”医生对他说。A. relax放松；B. leave离开；C. understand理解；D. prmise承诺。根据下文“the father understd everything”可知，医生在问父亲是否明白其中道理。故选C。
55.考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，父亲明白了一切。A. Interestingly有意思的是；B. Abslutely绝对地；C. Suddenly突然；D. Unfrtunately不幸的是。根据前文““Yur sn has felt just like that all the time. Yu sclded (训斥) him t ften, s he didn't try any mre. He was afraid f making mistakes. ””可知，父亲在听完医生的话后，一瞬间就明白了。故选C。
【2022新课标I卷】
My husband, ur children and I have had wnderful camping experiences ver the past ten years.
Sme f ur 41 are funny, especially frm the early years when ur children were little. Once, we 42 alng Chalk Creek. I was 43 that ur 15-mnth-ld by wuld fall int the creek (小溪). I tied a rpe arund his waist t keep him near t ur spt. That lasted abut ten minutes. He was 44 , and his crying let the whle campgrund knw it. S 45 tying him up, I just kept a clse eye n him. It 46 — he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-ld, hwever, did.
Anther time, we rented a bat in Vallecit Lake. The sky was clear when we 47 , but strms mve in fast in the muntains, and this ne quickly 48 ur peaceful mrning trip. The 49 picked up and thunder rlled. My husband stpped fishing t 50 the mtr. Nthing. He tried again. N 51 . We were stuck in the middle f the lake with a dead mtr. As we all sat there 52 , a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rpe and twed (拖) us back. We were 53 .
Nw, every year when my husband pulls ur camper ut f the garage, we are filled with a sense f 54 , wndering what camping fun and 55 we will experience next.
41. A. ideasB. jkesC. memriesD. discveries
42. A. campedB. drveC. walkedD. cycled
43. A. annyedB. surprisedC. disappintedD. wrried
44. A. unhurtB. unfrtunateC. uncmfrtableD. unafraid
45. A. due tB. instead fC. apart frmD. as fr
46. A. wrkedB. happenedC. matteredD. changed
47. A. signed upB. calmed dwnC. checked utD. headed ff
48. A. arrangedB. interruptedC. cmpletedD. recrded
49. A. windB. niseC. temperatureD. speed
50. A. findB. hideC. startD. fix
51. A. luckB. answerC. wnderD. signal
52. A. patientlyB. tirelesslyC. dubtfullyD. helplessly
53. A. srryB. braveC. safeD. right
54. A. reliefB. dutyC. prideD. excitement
55. A. failureB. adventureC. perfrmanceD. cnflict
【答案】41. C42. A43. D44. C45. B46. A47. D48. B49. A50. C51. A52. D53. C54. D55. B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒险，并且作者和家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。
41. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时候。A. ideas想法；B. jkes笑话；C. memries记忆；D. discveries发现。根据上文“have had wnderful camping experiences ver the past ten years”以及下文“especially frm the early years when ur children were little”可推知，此处指作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一些记忆是有趣的。故选C。
42. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped露营；B. drve开车；C. walked散步；D. cycled骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, ur children and I have had wnderful camping experiences ver the past ten years.”可知，此处指作者与家人一起在溪边露营。故选A。
43. D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我担心我们15个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A. annyed恼怒的；B. surprised惊讶的C. disappinted失望的；D. wrried担心的。根据下文“I tied a rpe arund his waist t keep him near t ur spt.”可推知，此处指作者担心自己的孩子会掉进小溪里，所以才在他的腰上系了一根绳子。故选D。
44. C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很不舒服，他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A. unhurt未受伤的；B. unfrtunate不幸的；C. uncmfrtable不舒服的；D. unafraid无所畏惧的。根据上文“I tied a rpe arund his waist t keep him near t ur spt.”以及下文“his crying let the whle campgrund knw it”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以才会哭。故选C。
45. B。考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切关注着他。A. due t由于；B. instead f代替、而不是；C. apart frm除了；D. as fr至于。根据上文“He was uncmfrtable, and his crying let the whle campgrund knw it.”以及下文“I just kept a clse eye n him”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以作者放弃在他身上绑绳子，而是密切关注着他。故选B。
46. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A. wrked起作用；B. happened发生；C. mattered事关紧要；D. changed改变。根据下文“he didn’t end up in the creek.”可推知，此处指作者的密切关注起作用了，孩子没有掉进小溪里。故选A。
47. D。考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. signed up注册、报名；B. calmed dwn冷静下来；C. checked ut退房、结账离开；D. headed ff启程、出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文“but strms mve in fast in the muntains”可推知，此处指天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。故选D。
48. B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. arranged安排；B. interrupted中断；C. cmpleted完成；D. recrded记录。根据上文“strms mve in fast in the muntains, and this ne quickly”以及下文“ur peaceful mrning trips”可推知，此处指风暴来临，作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B。
49. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A. wind风；B. nise噪音；C. temperature温度；D. speed速度。根据上文“strms mve in fast in the muntains”可推知，此处指大风刮了起来。故选A。
50. C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A. find找到；B. hide隐藏；C. start启动；D. fix修理。根据下文“Nthing. He tried again.”以及“We were stuck in the middle f the lake with a dead mtr.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C。
51. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有好运。A. luck好运；B. answer回答；C. wnder惊奇；D. signal信号。根据下文“We were stuck in the middle f the lake with a dead mtr.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫再次尝试启动，也没有获得好运，船依然无法启动。故选A。
52. D。考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子并把我们拖了回来。A. patiently耐心地；B. tirelessly不知疲倦地；C. dubtfully怀疑地；D. helplessly无助地。根据上文“We were stuck in the middle f the lake with a dead mtr.”可推知，此处指在天气恶劣的情况下船无法启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着。故选D。
53. C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们安全了。A. srry抱歉的；B. brave勇敢的；C. safe安全的；D. right正确的。根据上文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rpe and twed us back”可推知，此处指得到了渔夫的帮助，作者和家人安全了。故选C。
54. D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. relief救济；B. duty职责；C. pride自豪；D. excitement兴奋。结合语境，再根据下文“wndering what camping fun”可推知，此处指作者期待接下来的露营，充满兴奋。故选D。
55. B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. failure失败；B. adventure冒险；C. perfrmance表现；D. cnflict冲突。根据上文“Nw, every year when my husband pulls ur camper ut f the garage, we are filled with a sense f excitement, wndering what camping fun and”以及下文“we will experience next”可推知，此处指作者与家人十分期待即将经历的冒险。故选B。
【2022新课标II卷】
Like many yung peple, Jessica wants t travel the glbe. Unlike mst f them, this 25-year-ld is ding it 41 . She and her husband have spent the last tw years traveling the wrld, stpping everywhere frm Paris t Singapre. It might sund like ne lng, expensive 42 , but the cuple has an unusual way t make their travel 43 .
They’re part f a new frm f the 44 ecnmy: an nline grup f huse sitters. Thrughut their n-cst stays in 45 hmes, they feed pets and water plants in the hmewner’s 46 .
It’s nt all sightseeing. The tw travelers carefully 47 their trips, scheduling their days arund the pets that are smetimes difficult t 48 . But huse sitting als ffers a level f 49 they can’t find in a htel. “It’s like 50 at a friend’s huse,” Jessica says.
The cuple has a high 51 rate in getting accepted as huse sitters and they always g beynd the hmewner’s 52 . Fr Jessica, that means 53 plenty f pictures f happy pets, keeping the huse 54 and leaving a nice small gift befre heading t the next huse. “Yu want t make the hmewner feel that they made the right 55 ,” she says.
41. A. indrsB. nlineC. single-handedD. full-time
42. A. gameB. serviceC. vacatinD. prcedure
45. A. safeB. busyC. helpfulD. affrdable
44. A. lcalB. privateC. sharingD. agricultural
45. A. strangers’B. parents’C. c-wrkers’D. neighbrs’
46. A. favrB. defenseC. hnrD. absence
47. A. planB. explainC. cmpareD. cmplete
48. A. buyB. transprtC. chseD. please
49. A. supprtB. cmfrtC. cntrlD. attentin
50. A. ckingB. stayingC. waitingD. studying
51. A. successB. survivalC. grwthD. unemplyment
52. A. budgetB. abilitiesC. expectatinsD. understanding
53. A. admiringB. dnatingC. sendingD. brrwing
54. A. cleanB. penC. simpleD. empty
55. A. guessB. decisinC. respnseD. impressin
【答案】41-45 DCDCA 46-50 DADBB 51-55 ACCAB
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Jessica和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的事情。在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。
41. D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与他们中的大多数人不同，这位45岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。A. indrs室内；B. nline在线的；C. single-handed单手的；D. full-time全职的。根据后文“She and her husband have spent the last tw years traveling the wrld, stpping everywhere frm Paris t Singapre.(在过去的两年里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，从巴黎到新加坡都在这里停留)”可知，这位45岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。故选D。
42. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. game游戏；B. service服务；C. vacatin假期；D. prcedure手续。结合上文可知Jessica在环球旅行，所以是假期。故选C。
43. D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. safe安全的；B. busy忙碌的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. affrdable买的起的。对应上文“It might sund like ne lng, expensive”指听起来昂贵，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。故选D。
44. C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们是共享经济新形式的一部分：在线看房者。A. lcal当地的；B. private私人的；C. sharing分享；D. agricultural农业的。根据后文“ecnmy: an nline grup f huse sitters”以及提到他们免费住在陌生人家里，可见是共享经济，故选C。
45. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A. strangers’陌生人的；B. parents’父母的；C. c-wrkers’同事的；D. neighbrs’邻居的。根据上文可知他们在环球旅行，所以是住在陌生人的家里。故选A。
46. D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A. favr帮助；B. defense防御；C. hnr荣誉；D. absence缺席。根据上文“they feed pets and water plants in the hmewner’s”指在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。故选D。
47. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。A. plan计划；B. explain解释；C. cmpare比较；D. cmplete完成。根据宾语“their trips”指计划旅行，应用plan。故选A。
48. D。考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。A. buy购买；B. transprt运输；C. chse选择；D. please取悦。根据上文“the pets that are smetimes difficult t”指某些宠物很难照管，故选D。
49. B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：但照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。A. supprt支持；B. cmfrt舒适，安慰；C. cntrl控制；D. attentin注意力。结合后文提到像住在朋友家，可见照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。故选B。
50. B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就像住在朋友家一样，”Jessica说。A. cking烹饪；B. staying停留；C. waiting等待；D. studying学习。根据后文“at a friend’s huse”指像呆在朋友家，应用stay at。故选B。
51. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。A. success成功；B. survival存活；C. grwth生长；D. unemplyment失业。根据后文“rate in getting accepted as huse sitters”可知此处指他们被接受为看房人的成功率，应用success。故选A。
52. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。A. budget预算；B. abilities能力；C. expectatins期待；D. understanding理解。上文提到这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，是因为他们总是超出房主的预期，所以成功率才高。故选C。
53. C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. admiring钦佩；B. dnating捐赠；C. sending发送；D. brrwing借来。根据后文“plenty f pictures f happy pets”指给房主发送宠物的照片。故选C。
54. A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. clean干净的；B. pen开放的；C. simple简单的；D. empty空的。根据上文可知，他们的职责就是照看房子，所以要保持房子的清洁。故选A。
55. B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你要让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定，”她说。A. guess猜测；B. decisin决定；C. respnse反应；D. impressin印象。是房主选择了他们当看房人，所以是房主做了正确的决定，故选B。
考点3 记叙文之人与自然
【2025八省联考卷】
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I liked t g and watch the sunset at my lcal park, which was a seaside area in Karachi. There, I wuld always see the same elderly lady 41 the pigens (鸽子). The birds, usually arund 10 t 15 in 42 , wuld gather arund her befre she even had a 43 t take the bag f rice ut frm her handbag. It was the same each day, part f her 44 .
I fund that 45 her perfrm this rdinary task with such 46 was bth calming and beautiful.
On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her 47 spt t feed the birds. But, as she 48 the bench (长凳) t sit dwn, her necklace (项链) fell t the grund.
I was sitting n the grass nearby waiting fr the sun t set. Nticing that, I 49 t get it back fr her. 50 , befre I reached it, ne f the pigens frm the 51 picked up the necklace, 52 t the bench, and drpped it n her lap.
I culdn’t 53 my eyes. The ld lady, als 54 , began laughing quietly t herself. I was 55 with a huge smile n my face and happily went back t watching the sunset.
41. A. feedingB. pursuingC. trainingD. cllecting
42. A. ageB. sizeC. weightD. number
43. A. wishB. chanceC. planD. reasn
44. A. jbB. prjectC. rutineD. dream
45. A. watchingB. helpingC. makingD. hearing
46. A. cnfidenceB. enthusiasmC. flexibilityD. precisin
47. A. riginalB. parkingC. hidingD. usual
48. A. repairedB. apprachedC. sharedD. supprted
49. A. slipped inB. ran awayC. gt upD. turned arund
50. A. HweverB. AfterwardsC. GraduallyD. Frtunately
51. A. seaB. treeC. pairD. grup
52. A. walkedB. stuckC. pintedD. flew
53. A. liftB. cverC. believeD. clse
54. A. satisfiedB. surprisedC. annyedD. frightened
55. A. caughtB. hitC. leftD. met
【答案】41. A42. D43. B44. C45. A46. B47. D48. B49. C50. A51. D52. D53. C54. B55. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者喜欢去一个海滨地区的公园看日落，常看到一位老妇人喂鸽子。一个特别的晚上，老妇人的项链掉落，一只鸽子竟捡起项链放回到她腿上，这让作者和老妇人都很吃惊，也都非常欣喜。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，我总是看到同一个老妇人喂鸽子。A. feeding喂养；B. pursuing追求；C. training训练；D. cllecting收集。根据下文“On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her __47___ spt t feed the birds.”可知，作者是看到同一个老妇人喂鸽子。故选A。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：鸟儿的数量通常在10到15只左右，甚至在她有机会从手提包里拿出那袋米之前，它们就会聚集在她周围。A. age年龄；B. size尺寸；C. weight重量；D. number数量。根据上文“usually arund 10 t 15”可推知，此处是介绍这群鸽子的数量，指通常在10到15只左右。故选D。
43.考查名词词义辨析。句意：鸟儿的数量通常在10到15只左右，甚至在她有机会从手提包里拿出那袋米之前，它们就会聚集在她周围。A. wish愿望；B. chance机会；C. plan计划；D. reasn原因。根据上文“The birds, usually arund 10 t 15 in ___54___, wuld gather arund her”和下文“t take the bag f rice ut frm her handbag”可推知，此处是描述鸽子迅速聚集在老妇人周围的场景，应该是不等她有机会从手提包里拿出那袋米，鸽子就聚集起来了。故选B。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天都是一样的，这是她日常生活的一部分。A. jb工作；B. prject项目；C. rutine常规；D. dream梦想。根据上文“It was the same each day”可知，这件事每天都是一样的，由此可知，这成了老妇人的常规惯例，即她日常生活的一部分。故选C。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现，看着她如此热情地完成这项平凡的任务，既平静又美丽。A. watching观看；B. helping帮助；C. making制作；D. hearing听见。根据上文“There, I wuld always see the same elderly lady ___41___ the pigens (鸽子).”可知，作者总是看老妇人做这件事，由此可知，是看着她完成这项平凡的任务让作者觉得平静又美丽。故选A。
46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现，看着她如此热情地完成这项平凡的任务，既平静又美丽。A. cnfidence信心；B. enthusiasm热情；C. flexibility灵活性；D. precisin精确性。根据上文“It was the same each day”可知，这件事每天都是一样的，由此可知，老妇人对此倾注了热情，因此一直坚持着。故选B。
47.考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：在这个特别的晚上，这位女士来到她平常的地方喂鸟。A. riginal原始的；B. parking停车；C. hiding躲藏；D. usual平常的。根据上文“It was the same each day”可知，这件事每天都是一样的，由此可知，老妇人是来到平常的地方喂鸟。故选D。
48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当她走近长凳坐下时，她的项链掉在了地上。A. repaired修理；B. apprached靠近；C. shared分享；D. supprted支持。根据老妇人是来公园喂鸽子的情境，以及下文“the bench (长凳) t sit dwn”可推知，此处指她走近长凳坐下。故选B。
49.考查动词短语辨析。句意：注意到这一点，我起身去帮她拿回来。A. slipped in溜进；B. ran away逃跑；C. gt up起身；D. turned arund转身。根据上文“I was sitting n the grass nearby waiting fr the sun t set.”可知，作者坐在附近的草地上，等待太阳落山，由此可知，作者看到老妇人的项链掉落后，起身去帮她拿回来。故选C。
50.考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我到达之前，鸟群中的一只鸽子捡起了项链，飞到长凳上，把它放在她的腿上。A. Hwever然而；B. Afterwards之后；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Frtunately幸运地。根据下文“befre I reached it, ne f the pigens frm the ___51___ picked up the necklace, ___52___ t the bench, and drpped it n her lap”可知，一只鸽子捡起项链，归还给了老妇人，这与作者原本的行为形成转折，应用Hwever“然而”衔接上下文。故选A。
51.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我到达之前，鸟群中的一只鸽子捡起了项链，飞到长凳上，把它放在她的腿上。A. sea海洋；B. tree树；C. pair一对；D. grup群。根据上文“The birds, usually arund 10 t 15 in ___44___, wuld gather arund her”可知，这是聚集在老妇人周围的那群鸽子中的一只。故选D。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我到达之前，鸟群中的一只鸽子捡起了项链，飞到长凳上，把它放在她的腿上。A. walked行走；B. stuck卡住；C. pinted指向；D. flew飞。根据上文“ne f the pigens”和下文“drpped it n her lap”可推知，鸽子应该是飞到长凳上，再把项链放在老妇人的腿上。故选D。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。A. lift举起；B. cver覆盖；C. believe相信；D. clse关闭。根据上文“befre I reached it, ne f the pigens frm the ___51___ picked up the necklace, ___52___ t the bench, and drpped it n her lap”可知，老妇人经常喂的鸽子居然帮她捡回项链，这是令人难以置信的事，因此作者不敢相信自己的眼睛。故选C。
54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老太太也很吃惊，开始静静地笑了起来。A. satisfied满意的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. annyed恼怒的；D. frightened害怕的。根据上文“befre I reached it, ne f the pigens frm the ___51___ picked up the necklace, ___52___ t the bench, and drpped it n her lap”和“als”可知，看到自己经常喂的鸽子居然捡回项链，老妇人的反应和作者是一样的，感到非常惊讶。故选B。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我脸上露出了灿烂的笑容，高高兴兴地继续看日落。A. caught抓住；B. hit击打；C. left剩下；D. met遇见。根据下文“with a huge smile n my face and happily went back t watching the sunset”可知，作者见到这一情景，内心是高兴的，脸上应该是仅有灿烂的笑容，即露出了灿烂的笑容，短语be left with意为“余下，剩下”，表示在某种情况下，仅剩下某些东西或某种感觉。故选C。
【2023浙江1月卷】
The sun was beginning t sink as I set ff int the Harenna Frest. I was n my way t 41 a unique hney harvest. Here, in suth-east Ethipia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the 42 . Reaching them t get the hney is difficult—and ften 43 .
I 44 beekeeper Ziyad ver a wide stretch f grassland befre entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparatins. He 45 handfuls f damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 46 the bunch t create a trch(火把). Then, with ne end f a rpe tied t his waist and the ther end arund the trunk f a tree, Ziyad began 47 . He stpped every few minutes t mve the 48 higher up the tree trunk.
49 , Ziyad gt clse t the hive which was arund 20 metres abve the grund. Sitting n a branch, he 59 twards it and blew smke frm his trch int a tiny hle in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let ut a sharp cry. Within secnds, he’d 51 the trunk and was back n the grund.
It was t 52 t cllect the hney. A cl summer had delayed 53 . Baby bees were still in the hneycmbs(蜂巢). The adult bees were 54 and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped frm the tree. He had t wait fr the right 55 t g back up.
41. A. shareB. cllectC. celebrateD. witness
42. A. curtyardsB. fieldsC. treetpsD. caves
43. A. urgentB. dangerusC. expensiveD. pintless
44. A. searchedB. recgnisedC. fllwedD. invited
45. A. gatheredB. cleanedC. drppedD. checked
46. A. shkB. litC. measuredD. decrated
47. A. jumpingB. talkingC. testingD. climbing
48. A. hivesB. leavesC. rpeD. hney
49. A. FinallyB. SurprisinglyC. NaturallyD. Immediately
50. A. backedB. divedC. shutedD. inched
51. A. cut ffB. gne upC. slid dwnD. held nt
52. A. highB. earlyC. fastD. clse
53. A. hatchingB. trainingC. swingD. trading
54. A. curiusB. hungryC. bredD. angry
55. A. mmentB. equipmentC. persnD. rder
【答案】41. D42. C43. B44. C45. A46. B47. D48. C49. A50. D51. C52. B53. A54. D55. A
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的Ziyad，进行的一次独特的采蜜经历。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A. share分享；B. cllect收集；C. celebrate庆祝；D. witness见证；目睹。根据下文“I ____41____ beekeeper Ziyad ver a wide stretch f grassland befre entering a thick jungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的养蜂人Ziyad见证埃塞俄比亚传统的采蜜方式。故选D项。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在埃塞俄比亚东南部，手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A. curtyards庭院；B. fields田野；领域；C. treetps树顶；D. caves洞穴。根据下文“higher up the tree trunk.”可知，手工制作的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。故选C项。
43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A. urgent紧急的；B. dangerus危险的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. pintless毫无意义的。根据“The adult bees were ____44____ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped frm the tree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是很危险的。故选B项。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地，进入茂密的丛林。A. searched搜索；B. recgnised认出；C. fllwed跟随；D. invited邀请。根据前文“I was n my way t ____41____ a unique hney harvest.”可知，作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂人，近距离观察Ziyad如何采蜜。故选C项。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. gathered聚集、采集；B. cleaned清除；C. drpped掉落；D. checked检查。根据下文“handfuls f damp tree leaves”可知，此处指Ziyad从丛林各处，收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A项。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. shk摇晃；B. lit点燃；点亮；C. measured测量；D. decrated装饰。根据后文“t create a trch”可知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B项。
47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后Ziyad开始向上攀爬。A. jumping跳；B. talking谈话；C. testing测试；D. climbing攀爬。根据“higher up the tree trunk”可知，Ziyad要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D项。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每过一会儿就停下调整绳索位置，继续向上攀爬。A. hives蜂房；B. leaves树叶；C. rpe绳索；D. hney蜂蜜。根据“Then, with ne end f a rpe tied t his waist and the ther end arund the trunk f a tree,”可知，Ziyad是通过不断调整绳索的位置，保证自己安全灵活地向上攀爬。故选C项。
49.考查副词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad最终到达了蜂巢。那儿距离地面大概有20米高。A. Finally最终；B. Surprisingly令人意外地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Immediately立刻。根据上文“He stpped every few minutes t mve the ___48___ higher up the tree trunk.”可知，身手矫健的Ziyad借助绳索不断向上攀爬，终于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置。故选A项。
50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad坐在一节树枝上，小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，对准火把，将烟吹入蜂巢的一个小孔里。A. backed支持；B. dived跳水；C. shuted对……大声喊叫；D. inched缓慢移动。根据上文“Reaching them t get the hney is difficult—and ften ___43____”可知，采集蜂蜜是困难且危险的工作，这要求采蜜的人经验丰富，动作快慢节奏快慢结合，此处指Ziyad小心翼翼地将火把凑近蜂巢，将烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D项。
51.考查动词短语辨析。句意：几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面。A. cut ff切除；B. gne up上升；C. slid dwn滑下；D. held nt抓牢。根据前文“Ziyad gt clse t the hive which was arund 20 metres abve the grund.”和后文“was back n the grund”可知，Ziyad是从树顶滑下，回到地面。故选C项。
52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在采集蜂蜜还为时尚早。A. high高的；B. early早的；C. fast快速的；D. clse亲近的。根据下文“A cl summer had delayed ___53___ . Baby bees were still in the hneycmbs(蜂巢).”可知，现在蜜蜂幼虫尚未成年，蜂蜜酿造完成还需要一段时日。故选B项。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A. hatching孵化；B. training培训；C. swing播种；D. trading与……作交易；交换。根据“Baby bees were still in the hneycmbs(蜂巢).”可知，此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往孵化时间更晚，尚未成年。故选A项。
54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad从树上逃离之时，成年蜂群被激怒了，持续不断地攻击他。A. curius好奇的；B. hungry饥饿的；C. bred无聊的；D. angry生气的。根据下文“kept attacking as Ziyad escaped frm the tree”可知，蜜蜂被外来侵入者激怒，不停地攻击Ziyad。故选D项。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要等待合适的时刻，再次爬上树顶采摘蜂蜜。A. mment时刻；B. equipment设备；C. persn个人；D. rder点餐；命令。根据上文“A cl summer had delayed ____53____ . Baby bees were still in the hneycmbs(蜂巢).”可知，蜂蜜尚未形成，Ziyad只好另待时机，等幼虫变成成年蜂后，再来采蜜。故选A项。
【2020新课标卷】
Mlai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near sme wetlands which became his secnd 41 . He learned the value and beauty f 42 there frm a very yung age.
When he was 16, Mlai began t ntice smething 43 happening arund his hme. A fld had hit the area earlier that year and the 44 it caused had driven away a number f birds. 45 , the number f snakes had declined as well. He 46 that it was because there weren’t enugh trees t prtect them frm the 47 . The slutin, f curse, was t plant trees s the animals culd seek 48 during the daytime. He turned t the 49 department fr help but was tld that nthing wuld grw there. Hwever, Mlai went lking n his wn and 50 a nearby island where he began t plant trees.
51 yung plants in the dry seasn was 52 fr a lne by. Mlai built at the 53 f each sapling(幼树)a bamb platfrm, where he placed earthen pts with small hles t 54 rainwater. The water wuld then drip(滴落)n the plants belw.
Mlai 55 t plant trees fr the next 37 years. His effrts have resulted in 1,360 acres f naturally-grwn land that has becme hme t many plants and animals.
41. A. dreamB. jbC. hmeD. chice
42. A. natureB. yuthC. cultureD. knwledge
43. A. preciusB. interestingC. disturbingD. awkward
44. A. wasteB. tensinC. painD. damage
45. A. BesidesB. HweverC. TherefreD. Otherwise
46. A. agreedB. realizedC. rememberedD. predicted
47. A. niseB. heatC. diseaseD. dust
48. A. directinsB. partnersC. helpD. shelter
49. A. labrB. pliceC. frestD. finance
50. A. rebuiltB. discveredC. leftD. managed
51. A. DecratingB. ObservingC. WateringD. Guarding
52. A. tughB. illegalC. fantasticD. beneficial
53. A. backB. tpC. ftD. side
54. A. cl dwnB. keep ffC. purifyD. cllect
55. A. returnedB. learnedC. failedD. cntinued
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. B 48. D 49. C 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。Mlai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减少。Mlai决定改变这一切，他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30多年的时间里，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。
41.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A. dream梦想；B. jb工作；C. hme家；D. chice选择。根据空前的secnd可知，他出生的村庄是他的家，村庄附近的一些“湿地”成为了他的第二个“家”。故选C。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A. nature自然；B. yuth青春，年轻；C. culture文化；D. knwledge知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。故选A。
43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时，Mlai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A. precius宝贵的；B. interesting有趣的；C. disturbing令人不安的，引起烦恼的；D. awkward尴尬的，笨拙的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人不安。故选C。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。A. waste废物；B. tensin紧张；C. pain疼痛，痛苦；D. damage损害，伤害。洪水侵袭这个地区，它会“损害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。
45.考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A. Besides此外，另外；B. Hwever但是；C. Therefre因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据as well可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇的数量减少。故选A。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. agreed同意；B. realized意识到；C. remembered记住，记起；D. predicted预测。Mlai“意识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。
47.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. nise噪音；B. heat热；C. disease疾病；D. dust尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉，从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎热的影响。故选B。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A. directins方向；B. partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C. help帮助；D. shelter遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物。树木可以给动物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。
49.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A. labr劳动；B. plice警察；C. frest森林；D. finance财政，金融。根据前一句中的“The slutin, f curse, was t plant trees”可知，Mlai想要种树，所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。
50.考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Mlai自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里种树。A. rebuilt重建；B. discvered发现；C. left离开；D. managed设法做成。根据前面的”lking n his wn”可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个小岛。故选B。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. Decrating装饰；B. Observing观察到；C. Watering浇水；D. Guarding守卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Mlai想尽办法收集水的努力。再结合该句中的“the dry seasn”可知，在旱季给幼苗“浇水”很难。故选C。
52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. tugh困难的；B. illegal非法的；C. fantastic极好的；D. beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可知，Mlai想尽办法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很“难”。故选A。
53.考查名词词义辨析。句意:Mlai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. back背部；B. tp顶端；C. ft脚；D. side一边，一侧。根据该段最后一句“The water wuld then drip n the plants belw”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平台应该在每棵树苗的”顶端”。故选B。
54.考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Mlai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. cl dwn冷却下来；B. keep ff与……保持距离；C. purify净化，使纯净；D. cllect收集。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。故选D。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37年里，Mlai继续种树。A. returned返回；B. learned学会；C. failed失败；D. cntinued继续。根据后一句可知，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。由此推知，在接下来的37年里，他“继续”种树。故选D。
考点
五年考情（2021-2025）
命题趋势
考点1 记叙文之人与自我
（5年4考）
2025全国一卷---搬家免费赠送旧物获得快乐；
2024新课标I卷—跑步感悟目标量力而行；
2022新课标I卷—短暂打工经历体会；
2021新课标II卷—警察生活多样性。
1.主题以人与社会为主，兼顾人与自我和人与自然”。
2.话题广泛，贴近学生，贴近生活，贴近时代。
3.熟词生义考查是完形填空备考难点和薄弱点，应加以重视，需要长期积累。
4.完形填空短语考查也是不少学生的软肋，需要深入积累和查漏补缺。
5.词语复现是完形填空一大特色，需要学会准确把握上下文特定语境照应提升答题能力。
6.完形填空侧重通过故事传递正能量，讴歌真善美，弘扬社会主义核心价值观。
考点2记叙文之人与社会
（5年10考）
2025全国一卷---老奶奶坚持健身消除网路质疑；
2025浙江1月卷--老师将烹饪发展为新社交平台；
2024新课标II卷—定居意大利的生活;
2024浙江1月卷—火车上偶遇中国男士;
2024九省联考卷—加油站陌生人帮修车;
2023新课标I卷—背受伤女孩到终点线;
2023新课标II卷—飞行员接力帮陌生人送狗;
2023四省联考卷—父亲造成孩子学习困难;
2022新课标I卷---野营趣事;
2022新课标II卷—环球旅行新模式-代为看家
考点2记叙文之人与自然
（5年2考）
2025八省联考卷—海滩上鸽子帮老人捡项链；
2023浙江1月卷—养蜂人采蜂；
2020新课标卷—小岛直树保家园。