高中英语基础语法汇编 chapter 11 名词性从句 讲义-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项（全国通用）

这是一份高中英语基础语法汇编 chapter 11 名词性从句 讲义-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项（全国通用），共7页。学案主要包含了名词性从句的定义，名词性从句的连接词，表语从句，同位语从句等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、名词性从句的定义
名词性从句(Nun Clause), 是指在句子中起名词作用的句子。名词性从句的语法功能相当于名词词组, 在复合句中可担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。因此, 根据名词性从句在句中的不同语法功能, 可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
二、名词性从句的连接词
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为以下三类：
(1)连词(5个)：that, whether, if, as if, as thugh。这五个连词在从句中均不充当任何成分。that本身无意义, 引导单一的宾语从句时that常可省略, 但引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时that通常不能省略；whether, if意为“是否”, 表示从句内容的不确定性；as if, as thugh 表示“好像”“似乎”。
(2)连接代词(10个)：what, whatever, wh, whever, whm, whmever, whse, whsever, which, whichever.
(3)连接副词(7个)：when, whenever, where, wherever, hw, hwever, why.
第二节 名词性从句的分类及用法
一、主语从句(Subject Clause)
1.主语从句的定义
主语从句是指在复合句中充当主语成分的句子。
2.主语从句的引导词
主语从句通常由下列连接词引导。
(1)连词that、whether等。例如：
That she has just graduated frm cllege is true.(that位于句首不能省略)
It ccurred t me that I wuld travel Eurpe.
Whether she cmes r nt makes n difference.
That China ranks first in the wrld in ppulatin is well knwn.(为避免头重脚轻, 通常用形式主语it：It is well knwn that China ranks first in the wrld in ppulatin.)
(2)连接代词what, wh, which, whatever, whever, whm等。例如：
What struck me was that they have all suffered a lt.
Whever pllutes the envirnment shuld be punished.
(3)连接副词hw, when, where, why等。例如：
Hw much we can spend must be agreed n.
When and where the meeting will be held is nt yet decided.
3.主语从句的用法及注意问题
(1)主语从句通常被认为是单数形式, 因此主句的谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
Which cuntry yu are ging t des matter.
That the famus actress is cming t ur hmetwn is the best news t us.
Whether the cnductr wuld supprt his sn was a prblem.
(2)What引导的主语从句, 其主谓一致问题较为复杂。这是因为谓语动词受其主语的数的影响, 可以使用单数或复数的形式。当从句为带有复数意义的并列结构时, 主句的谓语动词用复数形式。例如：
What I read and write are quite different.(What I read and what I write are...)
当主句的表语是复数名词时, 主句的谓语动词通常用复数形式。例如：
What we bught were children's bks.(这种情况下, 美式英语也可用单数谓语动词。)
二、宾语从句(Object Clause)
1.宾语从句的定义
宾语从句是指在主、从复合句中充当宾语, 位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的句子。宾语从句必须用陈述句语序。
2.引导词
宾语从句的连词主要有that, if, whether；连接代词主要有wh, whm, whse, what, whever, whmever, whsever, whatever, whichever等；连接副词主要有when, where, why, hw, whenever, wherever, hwever等。
3.宾语从句的用法及注意问题
(1)that引导宾语从句时并无词义, 不充当句子成分, 多数情况下可以省略。例如：
I have fund ut that all the tickets fr the cncert have been sld ut.
He assured me that he was able t d it.
注意：当句子中有it作形式宾语时, that引导的宾语从句中的that不能省略。例如：
They thught it strange that we did nt arrive at Guilin yesterday.
(2)动词find, feel, cnsider, make, believe等后面有宾语补足语时, 需要用it做形式宾语而将that引导的宾语从句后置。例如：
We all find it imprtant that we(shuld)make a quick decisin abut this mater.
但是, 如果是由wh-引导的宾语从句, 则宾语不可用it代替。例如：
We all cnsider what yur friend said t be unbelievable.
(3)if, whether在宾语从句中的区别。
if和whether都表示“是否”时, 两者可以互换。例如：
I dubt whether, if he is telling the truth.
介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether, 不能用if。例如：
It all depends n whether we can get their cperatin.
whether后面可以接r nt, if不可以。例如：
I want t knw whether it's gd r nt.
(4)宾语从句的时态。当主句是一般过去时时, 从句必须用过去时态的某种形式。例如：
The by was srry that he hadn't finished his hmewrk n time.
三、表语从句(Predicative Clause)
1.表语从句定义
表语从句是一种由句子充当系动词的表语的结构。表语从句只能置于主句之后, 且主句的动词只能是系动词。
2.表语从句引导词
连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, wh, when, where, which, why, whether, hw, whever, whichever, whatever, because, as if, as thugh等。例如：
The reasn why he was late is that his car brke dwn.
What is trubling me is hw we can get there n time.
She seems as if she had dne a great thing.
3.表语从句的用法及注意问题
(1)表语从句要用陈述句语序。例如：
My questin is when he can take up the jb.
(2)if不能引导表语从句, 只能用whether 来引导。例如：
The questin is whether Jhn has finished his drawing yet.
(3)that在表语从句中不可以被省略。例如：
The fact is that mre than seventy percent f the earth's surface is cvered by water.
The reasn why he was dismissed was that he was irrespnsible.
四、同位语从句(Appsitive Clause)
1.同位语从句的定义
一个名词(或其他形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰、限定或说明时, 这个名词(或其他形式)就是同位语。因此, 同位语从句是指在复合句中充当同位语的句子。
通常同位语从句跟在一些“抽象”名词, 如news, idea, fact, prmise, hpe, message等之后, 用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。
2.同位语从句的引导词
同位语从句通常由下列连接词引导。
(1)连词that, whether等。例如：
The news that the team wn the game is quite exciting.
The questin whether the Prime Minister shuld resign must be decided sn.
注意：if不能引导同位语从句。
(2)连接代词what, wh, whm, whse等。例如：
I have n idea what size shes she wears.
The questin wh shuld d the jb requires cnsideratin.
(3)连接副词when, where, hw, why等。例如：
We haven't yet settled the questin where we are ging t spend ur summer vacatin.