第21讲 如何增添提分修辞（复习课件）（全国通用）-2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练

这是一份第21讲 如何增添提分修辞（复习课件）（全国通用）-2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练，共50页。PPT课件主要包含了考点一 比喻，考点二 拟人，考点三 夸张，考点四 排比，仿写训练等内容，欢迎下载使用。
比喻是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比，从而更生动、更深刻地说明道理，增强语言的表现力。比喻分为明喻和和暗喻。暗喻：She is an angel.明喻：She is as inncent as an angel.
直接表明本体和喻体的相似之处，常用的明喻标志词有 like, as, seem, , as if, as thugh, similar t等。
一、基本格式例如：美国就像一个巨大的熔炉，来自不同文化或种族的移民在这里融合成一个整体社会。The USA is like a big melting pt where immigrants f different cultures r races frm an integrated sciety. The USA是本体，喻体是melting pt, 比喻词是like, 喻体和本体的相似之处都是拥有“包容”的特点。
二、句型赏析1. The huse lks smething like a castle. （景物描写）那房子看上去有点像一座城堡。(smething like...有点像…)2. Kyle lked at the test with a stare as blank as his ntebk.（情景描写）Kyle茫然地看着试卷，头脑如同笔记本一样的空白。3. The smile n her face shne like a diamnd. （情景描写）她的笑容像宝石一样闪闪发光。
二、句型赏析4. As in depths f many seas, my heart was drwned in memries.（情绪描写）如同在大海深处，我的心里沉溺于回忆之中。5. He mved like lightening befre the plice came. （动作描写）还没等警察到来，他像闪电一样地跑了。6. I culdn't mve my legs. It was as if they were stuck t the flr.（动作描写）我的腿动不了，就好像给固定在地板上似的。
三、仿写训练1.这本书陪伴了我很久就像一位我的老朋友似的。________________________________________________________________2.我伸手去摸她的脸，发现她的脸像冰一样冰冷。________________________________________________________________3.他感觉彷佛整个世界都崩塌了。________________________________________________________________4.这辆公交车走的像蜗牛一样慢。________________________________________________________________5.我感觉自己像漂浮在悲伤的海洋中________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】1. The bk has accmpanied me fr quite a lng time like an ld friend.2. I reached ut t tuch her face, which was as cld as the ice.3. He felt as if the whle wrld had fallen apart n him.4. The bus went as slwly as a snail.5. I feel like I am flating in an cean f sadness.
暗语也叫隐喻，本体喻体都出现，中间常用喻词“是”等连接，有时不用喻词。
一、基本格式暗喻的典型形式为：甲是乙，而不用like, as等喻词。例如：Mney smetimes is a pisn. 钱有时候是一种毒药。
二、句型赏析1. Her hair was a flwing glden river streaming dwn her shulders. （肖像描写）她的头发像是一条流淌在她肩上的金色河流。2. Life is an unexplred river. full f twists and turns.(哲理)生活就像一条未被涉足的河流，有各种曲折。3.I felt a lump in my thrat, tearing welling up in my eyes.（情感描写）我如鲠在喉，泪水湿润了眼眶。
二、句型赏析4.A heavy silence blanketed the rm.（环境描写）整个房子沉浸在一片寂寞中。5.The ld man's face is a map f time.(哲理)老人的脸是岁月的写照。
三、仿写训练（一）找出下面句子里面的修辞1. My very thught was like the ghstly rustle f dead leaves.2. He lked as if he had just stepped ut f my bk f fairy tales.3. Wind and rain nw whipped（鞭打）the huse.4. My mther is like a cat in winter, ffering warmth t me.5. The wind sunded like a rar f a train passing by.6. Husehld and medical supplies streamed in by plane, train, truck and car.
（二）利用明喻或暗语翻译下列各句1.他看起来好像刚从我的童话书中走出来。_____________________________________________________________________2.我妈妈就像冬天的外套，给我温暖。_____________________________________________________________________3.她的头发就像一条金色的河流从她的肩膀上流下来。_____________________________________________________________________4.家用和医疗用品通过飞机、火车、卡车和汽车源源不断地运来。_____________________________________________________________________5.生活是一艘在海上航行的船，既会遇到晴天，也会遇到暴风雨天。_____________________________________________________________________6.笑是驱走人们脸上寒意的太阳。_____________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】1. He lked as if he had just stepped ut f my bk f fairy tales.2. My mther is like a cat in winter, ffering warmth t me.3. Her hair was a flwing glden river streaming dwn her shulders.4. Husehld and medical supplies streamed in by plane, train, truck and is a ship n the cean meeting bth sunny days and strmy is the sun that drives winter frm the human face.
根据中文翻译句子：The icy wind started hwling,______________________________. (景物描写) 寒风开始咆哮，像锋利的小刀一样刺痛了我的脸。Clusters f stars decrated the vast sky,____________________.(景物描写) 繁星像珊珊发光的珠宝一样装饰了浩瀚的天空。
cutting my face like a sharp knife like sparkling jewels
把无生命的事物（无灵主语）当作有生命的事物来描写，赋予无生命之物以感情和动作或是把动物人格化，使语言生动，形象，更有感染力。
一、把自然现象当作人来描写1. The wind std up and gave a shut. (景物描写) 大风凛冽，发出怒吼。2. The breeze gently kissed her cheeks. (景物描写) 微风轻柔地亲吻着她的脸庞。3. The feathery snwflakes danced in the night air, making a beautiful picture.(景物描写)鹅毛般的雪花在空中飞舞，像一幅美丽的图画。4. The mist swallwed him up. (景物描写) 薄雾把他包围起来。5. The icy wind started hwling, stinging my face.(景物描写) 寒风开始咆哮，刺痛了我的脸。6. Stars winked at me in a darkening sky.(景物描写) 夜空中星星向我眨眼睛。7. Immediately, an abslute darkness ruled the frest.(景物描写) 顷刻间，黑暗统治了森林。
二、把含蓄抽象的概念当作人来描写1. Fear seized/swallwed him.（情感描写） 恐惧把他吞噬了。2. Anger chked my wrds.（情感描写） 我气得说不出话来。3. A gd idea suddenly struck me. （情景描写）我突然想到一个好主意。4. Smile tk hld f him.（情感描写） 他笑容满面。5. Anxiety trn him int pieces.（情感描写） 她焦虑不安，十分崩溃。6. Curage/Cnfidence deserted him.（情感描写） 他没信心了。7. Excitement deprived me f all pwer f speech.（情感描写） 我兴奋的啥也说不出来了。
三、把动物当作人来描写1. In the dead f night, the crickets（蟋蟀）played n the terrace f the huse. (景物描写)寂静的夜，蟋蟀旁若无人地在房子的阳台上玩。2. Birds n the tree are singing a beautiful sng. (景物描写)树上的小鸟在树上唱着美妙的歌曲。3. The frgs are giving a cncert---mixed chrus.(景物描写)青蛙在举办音乐会---混声大合唱。4.Fireflies patrl the grass with small lanterns (景物描写)萤火虫提着小灯笼在草丛中巡逻。
四、仿写训练1. 夏天的微风轻轻地抚摸着我的脸。_____________________________________________________________________2. 细雨轻轻地亲吻着我的脸颊。_____________________________________________________________________3. 我能听到到处都是鸟儿在歌唱。_____________________________________________________________________4. 这个教堂目睹了这个城市20年的变化。_____________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】1. The summer breeze tuched my face gently.2. The drizzle kissed me n my cheek gently.3. I culd hear birds singing everywhere.4. The church has witnessed the city's changes in the past 20 years.
根据中文翻译句子：1. The frgs are_______________--mixed chrus.(景物描写) 青蛙在举办音乐会---混声大合唱。2.Fireflies _________the grass with small lanterns (景物描写) 萤火虫提着小灯笼在草丛中巡逻。
giving a cncertpatrl
同步练习:根据提示,使用拟人手法翻译句子
(1)她的眼中闪烁着幸福。( dance）(2)花儿在微风中点头。(nd)(3)他被暴风雨的怒吼吓坏了。( angry rar)
(2) The flwers ndded in the breeze.
(1) Her eyes danced with great happiness.
(3)He was scared by the angry rar f the rainstrm.
(1)使用拟人手法描写“我”和爸爸在骑马途中看到的鲜花,烘托此时“我们”的偷悦心情:( warm smile） (2)使用拟人手法描写天色暗了下来,烘托“我”内心的恐惧。(die)
(1) The flwers beamed a warm smile at us.
(2) As the sunlight died in the west , darkness fell.
(1)这一次,命运垂青了我们。( smile)(2)风穿过树林,发出邪恶的哗哗声。( whistle wickedly)(3)月光照耀的大空下,群星闪烁,兴高采烈。( dance cheerfully）
(1)This time, fate was smiling t us.
(2)The wind whistled wickedly thrugh the trees.
(3)The sparkling stars danced cheerfully in the mnlit sky.
(1)使用拟人手法描写天黑以后,森林里的树木变得可怕,烘托处境危险。( grimace)(2)使用拟人手法描写农场上的羊群等待牧羊犬带它们回家时宁静安详的画面,烘托“我”和爸爸脱离危险后的放松状态。( hum a lvely sng)
(1)The trees grimaced at us as their shadws grew lnger.
(2)The sheep n the farm hummed a lvely sng,waiting fr the shepherd dg t lead them hme.
运用丰富的想象，过激的言词，渲染和装饰客观事物，以达到强调的效果。
一、使用数词或量词1. My heart brke in abut millins f pieces.（情感描写） 我的心成了碎片。2. She was half dead with fear.（情感描写） 她吓得半死。3. The backpack weighs a tn.（情景描写）背包很重。
二、使用动词1. The yung girl brught the huse dwn with her perfrmance.（情景描写）这位年轻姑娘的表演博得了满堂喝彩。2. It made me jump ut f my skin. （情感描写） 吓得我魂不附体。3.I almst laughed my head ff.（情感描写） 我都快笑死了。4. My bld frze.（情感描写） 我的血液都凝固了。5. She cried her eyes ut. （情感描写） 她痛哭涕流。6. It brught her heart int her muth.（情感描写） 让她的心悬到了嗓子眼。
三、使用介词短语1. She went hme in a fld f tears.（情感描写） 她泪如泉涌地回家去了。3. He was bent ut f shape.（情感描写） 他非常生气（气到变形）
四、仿写训练1.当他离开时我心都碎了。（情感描写）______________________________________________________________________2.当他们告诉我这个消息时，我乐不可支。（情感描写）______________________________________________________________________3.听到这个坏消息时，她泪流成河。（情感描写）______________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】1. My heart sank when he left. 2. When they tld the news, I was ver the mn/ n the tp f the wrld. 3. When she heard the bad news, a river f tears pured ut.
夸张根据中文翻译句子：1. ______________.（情感描写）我的血液都凝固了。2. She _______________.（情感描写） 她痛哭涕流。3. It ___________________________.（情感描写） 她提心吊胆。
My bld frze
cried her eyes ut
brught her heart int her muth
排比也称平行, 是把结构相同或相似、意思密切相关、语气一致的词语或句子成串地排列的一种修辞方法，利用意义相关或相近，结构相同或相似和语气相同的词组(主、谓、动、宾)或句子并排(三句或三句以上),段落并排(两段即可), 达到一种加强语势的效果。
一、句型赏析1. Mther was very busy gathering the laundry, dusting the furniture and washing the dishes.（动作描写） 母亲正忙着收拾要洗的衣服, 掸去家具上的灰尘,洗碗。2. Whether in class, at wrk, r at hme, James was always busy.（情景描写）无论是在课堂上, 在工作中, 还是在家里, 詹姆斯总是很忙。3. Dn’t make prmise when yu are in jy. Dn’t reply when yu are sad. Dn’t take decisin when yu are angry. Think twice and act wise.（哲理）别在喜悦的时候许下承诺;别悲伤的时候做出回答;别在愤怒的时候作出决定。三思而行，做出睿智的行为。
一、句型赏析4. Pain makes yu strnger, tears make yu braver, heartbreak makes yu wiser, s thank the past fr a better future.（哲理）痛苦, 会让你更强大; 眼泪, 会让你更勇敢; 心碎, 会让你更睿智，所以为了更好的未来感谢过去吧。5. This is nt nly just what I wanted, but als just what I needed. 这不仅是我想要的，也是我需要的。
二、仿写训练（一）找出下面句子所用修辞手法1. The wind whispers in the tree.2. The nise was lud enugh t wake the dead.3. His speech brught the huse dwn.4. The ld Venice fell asleep again.5. The sun brke thrugh the cluds and jumped ut f the sea.6. The birds danced happily n the branch.7. She eats like a bird.8. The lud music almst drve me up a wall.9. The night gently lays her hand at ur fevered heads.10. The vlcan spit ut lava frm its muth.11. He is dying fr this pprtunity.
1.拟人 2.夸张 3.夸张 4.拟人 5.拟人 6.拟人 7.明喻 8.夸张 9.拟人 10.拟人 11.夸张
（二）用排比句翻译下列各句1.午后的阳光洒落在草地上，风轻轻地吹着，水静静地顺着小溪往下流。_________________________________________________________________2.热空气笼罩着房间，灯光在烟雾中闪闪发光，火焰疯狂地向四面八方蔓延。_________________________________________________________________3.温和的阳光照射在沙滩上，海水轻轻地吹着空气，人群在海滩上快乐地玩耍。_________________________________________________________________4.地板上灯光明亮，整齐的桌椅整齐排列，学生们聚精会神地听老师讲课。_________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】1. The afternn sunlight fell n the grass, the wind blew lightly, and the water flew silently dwn the stream.2. Ht air envelped the rm, the lights glwed in the smke, and flames spread wildly in all directins.3. The mild sunlight fell n the sand, the air blew sftly frm the sea, and the crwds played happily n the beach.4. Lights shne brightly n the flr, tidy desks and chairs lined up neatly, and the students listened t the teacher attentively.
1.(2023新高考I卷II卷读后续写满分作文) 【拟人】几周后，我几乎忘记了比赛，消息传来了。我得了一等奖，我大吃一惊。A few weeks later, I almst frgt the cntest, there came the news. I wn the first prize. A wave f astnishment swept ver me.2.(2023新高考I卷II卷读后续写满分作文) 【比喻】 从那时起，老师鼓励我的话语，就像薄雾中的灯塔，永远照亮我生命的天空。Since then, my teacher's encuraging wrds, just like a lighthuse in the mist, wuld always be lighting in the sky f my life.
3.(2023新高考I卷II卷读后续写满分作文) 【拟人】当校长把证书递给我时，我全身都在发抖，眼睛里闪烁着喜悦的光芒。我的奉献精神得到了回报。When the schlmaster presented the certificate t me, my whle bdy was trembling and my eyes twinkled with pleasure. My dedicatin paid ff.4.(2023新高考I卷II卷读后续写满分作文) 【拟人】 再多的言语也无法表达我对他的感激之情。正是他让我意识到，有志者事竟成。N mre wrds culd cnvey my gratitude t him. It was he wh made me realize nthing is impssible t a willing heart.
5.(2023新高考I卷II卷读后续写满分作文) 【拟人】颁奖仪式结束后，我去了老师的办公室。“我真为你高兴，”我的老师说，点头看着我。骄傲和泪水充满了他的眼睛。I went t my teacher’s ffice after the presentatin."I am s happy fr yu," my teacher said, ndding and lking at me. Pride and tears filled his eyes.6.(2022新高考I卷II卷读后续写满分作文) 【比喻】大卫坚持要跑，好像他忘记了所有的弱点，尽管他在几公里内被绊倒了。David insisted n running as if he had frgtten all his weaknesses, thugh he was tripped ver within the a few kilmeters.
7.(2022新高考I卷II卷读后续写满分作文) 【拟人】在那一刻，大卫又露出了牙齿般的微笑，证明了只要坚持不懈的努力、坚定不移的决心和对自己的坚定信念，没有什么是不可能的。At that pint, David's tthy smile returned, prving that nthing is impssible with cnsistent effrt, unwavering determinatin and a strng belief in neself.8.(2022新高考I卷II卷读后续写满分作文) 【拟人】 他慢慢地抬起头，眼睛里闪烁着光芒看着我。沉默的眼神交流告诉了我他最后的决定。He slwly raised his head, lking at me with a twinkle in his eye. A silent exchange f glance tld me his final decisin.
9.(2022新高考I卷II卷读后续写满分作文) 【夸张】似乎过了很久，大卫抬起头，坚定地看了我一眼。After what seemed t be ages, David lifted his head and cast me a determined lk. 10.(2022新高考I卷II卷读后续写满分作文) 【拟人】 我内心所有的挫败感都彻底停止了。然后，他告诉教练他决定跑步。All the frustratin that had been built inside f me came t a cmplete stp. Then came the mment when he tld the cach that he decided t run.
11.(2021新高考I卷II卷读后续写满分作文) 【比喻】看到这一片狼藉，父亲吓得僵住了，好像在地上扎了根似的。Seeing the mess, Father frze with shck, as if rted n the grund.12.(2021新高考I卷II卷读后续写满分作文) 【拟人】 当她看到早餐，眼睛睁大了，兴奋得闪闪发光。When she saw the breakfast, her eyes widened up and twinkled with excitement.
13.(2021新高考I卷II卷读后续写满分作文) 【拟人】食物的芳香充满着卧室，这好像很神奇地变成世上最可爱的地方。The scent f the fd filled the bedrm, which, as if by magic, had turned int the mst lvely place in the wrld.14.(2021新高考I卷II卷读后续写满分作文) 【拟人】 但是当妈妈注意到杰夫的手时，她的喉咙绷紧了。But then, Mm’s thrat tightened when she nticed Jeff’s hand.15.(2021新高考I卷II卷读后续写满分作文) 【拟人】 整个房间都沐浴在母亲节快乐的气氛中。The whle rm was bathed in a happy Mther's Day atmsphere.