北京市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期开学测试 英语试卷（学生版）

这是一份北京市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期开学测试 英语试卷（学生版），共11页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分：听力理解（略）
第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）
第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Memries by the Lake
The lake sparkled under the summer sun, a perfect spt____1____weekend getaways.____2____stays with us frever is the feeling f shared jy. Laughter eched,____3____(draw) attentin t a singing grup by the shre. They____4____(perfrm) flk sngs, entertaining everyne arund. Nearby, an ld man displayed____5____(frame) phts, each capturing mments frm past decades. Tuched by the nstalgia, a teenager asked hw he’d preserved them s well. He pinted t a cabin____6____he’d lived, a place that held stries f his yuth. The reasn____7____he cherished the phts was clear t all. One picture,____8____shwed a sunset ver the lake, reminded him f____9____he’d first met his wife. Such mments make life’s jurney truly_____10_____(frget).
第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Hannah Taylr is a schlgirl frm Manitba, Canada. One day, when she was five years ld, she was walking with her mther in dwntwn Winnipeg. They saw a man____11____ut f a garbage can. She asked her mther why he did that and her mther said that the man was hmeless and hungry. Hannah was very____12____.She culdn't understand why sme peple had t live their lives withut shelter r enugh fd. Hannah started t think abut hw she culd____13____,but, f curse, there is nt a lt ne five-year-ld can d t slve(解决)the prblem f hmelessness.
Later, when Hannah attended schl, she saw anther hmeless persn. It was a wman,___14___ an ld shpping trlley（购物车）which was piled with___15___. It seemed that everything the wman wned was in them. This made Hannah very sad, and even mre___16___t d smething. She had been talking t her mther abut the lives f hmeless peple___17___they first saw the hmeless man. Her mther tld her that if she did smething t change the prblem that made her sad, she wuldn’t___18___as bad.
Hannah began t speak ut abut the hmelessness in Manitba and then in ther prvinces. She hped t___19___her message f hpe and awareness. She started the Ladybug Fundatin, an rganizatin aiming at getting rid f hmelessness. She began t _____20_____ “Big Bsses” lunches, where she wuld try t persuade lcal business leaders t ____21____t the cause. She als rganized a fundraising(募捐)drive in “Ladybug Jars” t cllect everyne`s spare change during “Make Change” mnth. Mre recently, the fundatin began anther ____22____ called Natinal Red Scarf Day—a day when peple dnate $20 and wear red scarves in supprt f Canada`s ____23____and hmeless.
There is an emergency shelter in Winnipeg called “Hannah`s Place”, smething that Hannah is very____24____f. Hannah`s Place is divided int several areas, prviding shelter fr peple when it is s cld that____25____utdrs can mean death. In the mre than five years since Hannah began her activities, she has received a lt f ____26____.Fr example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recgnizing the ____27____ f yung peple t change the wrld. But ____28____ all this, Hannah still has the ____29____ life f a Winnipeg schlgirl, except that she pays regular visits t hmeless peple.
Hannah is ne f many examples f yung peple wh are making a ____30____ in the wrld. Yu can, t!
11. A. jumpingB. eatingC. cryingD. waving
12. A. annyedB. nervusC. ashamedD. upset
13. A. behaveB. manageC. helpD. wrk
14. A. pushingB. carryingC. buyingD. hlding
15. A. gdsB. bttlesC. fdsD. bags
16. A. excitedB. determinedC. energeticD. grateful
17. A. sinceB. unlessC. althughD. as
18. A. sundB. getC. feelD. lk
19. A. exchangeB. leaveC. keepD. spread
20. A. sellB. deliverC. hstD. pack
21. A. cntributeB. leadC. applyD. agree
22. A. campaignB. tripC. prcedureD. trial
23. A. elderlyB. hungryC. lnelyD. sick
24. A. awareB. afraidC. prudD. sure
25. A. gingB. sleepingC. travelingD. playing
26. A. praisesB. invitatinsC. repliesD. appintments
27. A. needsB. interestsC. dreamsD. effrts
28. A. frB. thrughC. besidesD. alng
29. A. healthyB. publicC. nrmalD. tugh
30. A. chiceB. prfitC. judgmentD. difference
第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
It was a cld March day in High Pint, Nrth Carlina. The girls n the Wesleyan Academy sftball team were waiting fr their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet t stay warm. Eighth-grader Taylr Bisbee shivered (发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The tw didn’t knw each ther well — Taylr had just mved t twn a mnth r s befre.
Suddenly, Paris fell t the grund. “Pairs’s eyes rlled back,” Taylr says. “She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.”
It certainly was. Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Withut immediate medical care, Paris wuld die. At first, n ne mved. The girls were in shck. Then the sftball cach shuted ut, “Des anyne knw CPR?”
CPR is a life-saving technique. T d CPR, yu press n the sick persn’s chest s that bld mves thrugh the bdy and takes xygen t rgans. Withut xygen，the brain is damaged quickly.
Amazingly, Taylr had just taken a CPR curse the day befre. Still, she hesitated. She didn’t think she knew it well enugh. But when n ne else came frward, Taylr ran t Paris and began ding CPR. “It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death,” says Taylr.
Taylr’s swift actin helped her teammates calm dwn. One girl called 911. Tw mre ran t get the schl nurse, wh brught a defibrillatr, an electrnic device (器械) that can shck the heart back int wrk. Luck stayed with them: Paris’s heartbeat returned.
“I knw I was really lucky,” Paris says nw. “Mst peple dn’t survive this. My team saved my life.”
Experts say Paris is right: Fr a sudden heart failure, the single best chance fr survival is having smene nearby step in and d CPR quickly.
Tday, Paris is back n the sftball team. Taylr will apply t cllege sn. She wants t be a nurse. “I feel mre cnfident in my actins nw,” Taylr says. “I knw I can act under pressure in a scary situatin.”
31. What happened t Paris n a March day?
A. She caught a bad cld.
B. She had a sudden heart prblem.
C. She was kncked dwn by a ball.
D. She shivered terribly during practice.
32. Why des Paris say she was lucky?
A. She made a wrthy friend.
B. She recvered frm shck.
C. She received immediate CPR.
D. She came back n the sftball team.
33. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Taylr?
A. Enthusiastic and kind.
B. Curageus and calm.
C. Cperative and generus.
D. Ambitius and prfessinal.
B
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35. What des TOKNOW ffer its readers?
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Measles(麻疹), which nce killed 450 children each year and disabled even mre, was nearly wiped ut in the United States 14 years ag by the universal use f the MMR vaccine(疫苗). But the disease is making a cmeback, caused by a grwing anti-vaccine mvement and misinfrmatin that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reprted in the USA, cmpared with 189 fr all f last year.
The numbers might sund small, but they are the leading edge f a dangerus trend. When vaccinatin rates are very high, as they still are in the natin as a whle, everyne is prtected. This is called “herd immunity”, which prtects the peple wh get hurt easily, including thse wh can’t be vaccinated fr medical reasns, babies t yung t get vaccinated and peple n whm the vaccine desn’t wrk.
But herd immunity wrks nly when nearly the whle herd jins in. When sme refuse vaccinatin and seek a free ride, immunity breaks dwn and everyne is in even bigger danger.
That’s exactly what is happening in small neighbrhds arund the cuntry frm Orange Cunty, Califrnia, where 22 measles cases were reprted this mnth, t Brklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-ld caused an utbreak last year.
The resistance t vaccine has cntinued fr decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Thse wh refuse t take that risk selfishly make thers suffer.
Making things wrse are state laws that make it t easy t pt ut(决定不参加) f what are suppsed t be required vaccines fr all children entering kindergarten. Seventeen states allw parents t get an exemptin（豁免), smetimes just by signing a paper saying they persnally bject t a vaccine.
Nw, several states are mving t tighten laws by adding new regulatins fr pting ut. But n ne des enugh t limit exemptins.
Parents ught t be able t pt ut nly fr limited medical r religius reasns. But persnal pinins? Nt gd enugh. Everyne enjys the life-saving benefits vaccines prvide, but they’ll exist nly as lng as everyne shares in the risks.
38. The first tw paragraphs suggest that ____________.
A. a small number f measles cases can start a dangerus trend
B. the utbreak f measles attracts the public attentin
C. anti-vaccine mvement has its medical reasns
D. infrmatin abut measles spreads quickly
39. Herd immunity wrks well when ____________.
A. exemptins are allwed
B. several vaccines are used tgether
C. the whle neighbrhd is invlved in
D. new regulatins are added t the state laws
40. What is the main reasn fr the cmeback f measles?
A. The veruse f vaccine.
B. The lack f medical care.
C. The features f measles itself.
D. The vaccine pt-uts f sme peple.
41. What is the purpse f the passage?
A. T intrduce the idea f exemptin.
B. T discuss methds t cure measles.
C. T stress the imprtance f vaccinatin.
D. T appeal fr equal rights in medical treatment.
D
Hllywd’s thery that machines with evil(邪恶) minds will drive armies f killer rbts is just silly. The real prblem relates t the pssibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may becme extremely gd at achieving smething ther than what we really want. In 1960 a well-knwn mathematician Nrbert Wiener, wh funded the field f cybernetics（控制论）, put it this way: “If we use, t achieve ur purpses, a mechanical agency with whse peratin we cannt effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpse put int the machine is the purpse which we really desire.”
A machine with a specific purpse has anther quality, ne that we usually assciate with living things: a wish t preserve its wn existence. Fr the machine, this quality is nt in-brn, nr is it smething intrduced by humans; it is a lgical cnsequence f the simple fact that the machine cannt achieve its riginal purpse if it is dead. S if we send ut a rbt with the single instructin f fetching cffee, it will have a strng desire t secure success by disabling its wn ff switch r even killing anyne wh might interfere with its task. If we are nt careful, then, we culd face a kind f glbal chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whse bjectives cnflict with ur wn, with the real wrld as the chessbard.
The pssibility f entering int and lsing such a match shuld cncentrate the minds f cmputer scientists. Sme researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind f firewall, using them t answer difficult questins but never allwing them t affect the real wrld. Unfrtunately, that plan seems unlikely t wrk: we have yet t invent a firewall that is secure against rdinary humans, let alne super intelligent machines.
Slving the safety prblem well enugh t mve frward in AI seems t be pssible but nt easy. There are prbably decades in which t plan fr the arrival f super intelligent machines. But the prblem shuld nt be dismissed ut f hand, as it has been by sme AI researchers. Sme argue that humans and machines can cexist as lng as they wrk in teams—yet that is nt pssible unless machines share the gals f humans. Others say we can just “switch them ff” as if super intelligent machines are t stupid t think f that pssibility. Still thers think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September 11, 1933, famus physicist Ernest Rutherfrd stated, with cnfidence, “Anyne wh expects a surce f pwer in the transfrmatin f these atms is talking mnshine.” Hwever, n September 12, 1933, physicist Le Szilard invented the neutrn-induced(中子诱导) nuclear chain reactin.
42. Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may .
A. run ut f human cntrl
B. satisfy human’s real desires
C. cmmand armies f killer rbts
D. wrk faster than a mathematician
43. Machines with specific purpses are assciated with living things partly because they might be able t .
A. prevent themselves frm being destryed
B. achieve their riginal gals independently
C. d anything successfully with given rders
D. beat humans in internatinal chess matches
44. Accrding t sme researchers, we can use firewalls t .
A. help super intelligent machines wrk better
B. be secure against evil human beings
C. keep machines frm being harmed
D. avid rbts’ affecting the wrld
45. What des the authr think f the safety prblem f super intelligent machines?
A. It will disappear with the develpment f AI.
B. It will get wrse with human interference.
C. It will be slved but with difficulty.
D. It will stay fr a decade.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every animal sleeps, but the reasn fr this has remained fggy. When lab rats are nt allwed t sleep, they die within a mnth. ___46___
One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memries. ___47___ We knw that, while awake, fresh memries are recrded by reinfrcing (加强) cnnectins between brain cells, but the memry prcesses that take place while we sleep have been unclear.
Supprt is grwing fr a thery that sleep evlved s that cnnectins between neurns(神经元) in the brain can be weakened vernight, making rm fr fresh memries t frm the next day. ___48___
Nw we have the mst direct evidence yet that he is right. ___49___The synapses in the mice taken at the end f a perid f sleep were 18 per cent smaller than thse taken befre sleep, shwing that the cnnectins between neurns weaken while sleeping.
If Tnni’s thery is right, it wuld explain why, when we miss a night’s, we find it harder the next day t cncentrate and learn new infrmatin — ur brains may have smaller rm fr new experiences.
Their research als suggests hw we may build lasting memries ver time even thugh the synapses becme thinner. The team discvered that sme synapses seem t be prtected and stayed the same size. ___50___ “Yu keep what matters,” Tnni says.
A. We shuld als try t sleep well the night befre.
B. It’s as if the brain is preserving its mst imprtant memries.
C. Similarly, when peple g fr a few days withut sleeping, they get sick.
D. The prcesses take place t stp ur brains becming laded with memries.
E. That’s why students d better in tests if they get a chance t sleep after learning.
F. “Sleep is the price we pay fr learning,” says Giuli Tnni, wh develped the idea.
G. Tnni’s team measured the size f these cnnectins, r synapses, in the brains f 12 mice.
第四部分：词汇知识（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
根据短文内容选出适当的词汇并用其适当形式填空，每个单词只能使用一遍。
A Call fr Greener Cities
Urban areas which are____51____ften struggle with envirnmental issues that threaten daily life. The____52____f lcal plants and animals depends heavily n reducing harmful human impacts. Public____53____f these prblems has grwn, pushing cmmunities t act. Experts’____54____emphasizes that small changes can bring big results. A____55____increase in____56____levels, frm vehicle fumes t factry waste, has made actin urgent. A____57____drp in air quality last winter served as a wake-up call. A new____58____suggests stricter rules n industrial emissins, which many supprt. It is____59____that prgress will happen withut cllective effrt, but_____60_____steps nw can turn the tide. Tgether, we can build healthier, greener cities.
第五部分：书面表达（20分）
61. 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter发来邮件，询问你对“校园志愿服务(campus vluntary service)”的看法，以及你是否参与过相关活动。请你根据以下要点回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.你对校园志愿服务的理解；
2.你参与过的一次具体活动及收获。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Peter,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hu
What is s special abut TOKNOW magazine?
Well, it has n ads r prmtins inside — instead it is jam-packed with serius ideas. TOKNOW makes cmplex ideas attractive and accessible t children, wh can becme invlved in advanced cncepts and even philsphy (哲学) — and they will sn discver that TOKNOW feels mre like a club than just a magazine.
What’s inside?
Every mnth the magazine intrduces a fresh new tpic with articles, experiments and creative things t make — the magazine als explres philsphy and well-being t make sure yung readers have a balanced take n life.
judge, likely, recgnise, strike, ignre, crwd, prpse, pllute, time, survive, mass