2026长沙一中高二上学期开学考试英语含答案（答案不全）

这是一份2026长沙一中高二上学期开学考试英语含答案（答案不全），共14页。试卷主要包含了15， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
时量:80分钟 满分:150分
得分：
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分20分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题、从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后、你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: Hw much is the shirt?
A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.
答案是答案C。
1. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. At a plice statin. B. At a ticket ffice. C. At a pst ffice.
2. What did the man buy fr his sister?
A. A shirt. B. Sme jewels. C. Tw bks.
3. What has recently caught the man’s interest?
A. Areas with little rainfall.
B. Places full f animals.
C. Regins full f plants,
4. Hw did the man travel t Japan with Fred?
A. By planc. B. By ship. C. By train.
5. What des the man struggle with?
A. Writing gd sentence structures.·
B. Using the right verb tenses.
C. Chsing the right wrds..
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第 6、7题。
6. What is the wman ding?
A. Ding sme reading.
B. Writing a paper.
C. Enjying the music.
7. What des the man d in the end?
A. Turn ff the radi.
B. Play sme sft music.
C. Buy a bk.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the man prbably ding?
A. Writing his schl paper.
B. Ding the husewrk.
C. Watching TV.
9. What time is it nw?·
A. Abut 6:00. B. Abut 6:30. C. Abut 7:00.
10. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Mther and sn. B. Sister and brther. C. Teacher anc
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where are the speakers prbably?
A. In a library. B. In an ffice. C. In a lab.
12. Why is the man puzzled?
A. His essay was scred high.·
B. He made a great change.·
C. His experiment was a success.
13. What des the wman give t the man?
A. A special tpic.
B. A highly riginal essay.
C. A psitin f the research grup.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the wman ding?
A. She is n hliday.
B. She is brrwing a bk.·
C. She is intrducing a writer.
15. What is the bk mainly abut?
A. Cllege educatin. B. Career prgress. C. Financial plum
16. What des the wman think f the bk?
A. It’s practical. B. It’s cmplex. C. It’s expensite.
17. Hw can the bk help the man?
A. It can help master study-skills.
B. It can help imprve his life quality.
C. It can help get alng well with his c-wrkers.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What drve Danicl t start the experiment?
A. The lack f recycling chices.
B. The request f the gvernment.
C. The cst f decling with plastic.
19. Wh helped Danicl with the experiment?
A. The lcals. B. An fficial. C. A scientist.
20. What did Danicl d after the experiment?
A. He published a new bk.
B. He launched a green prject.
C. He mved t a different twn.
第二部分 阅读(共两节、满分30分)
第一节 (共8小题;每小题2.5分、满分20分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
In the current educatinal landscape, cperative learning has emerged as a ppular teaching methd. Instead f studying alne, students are gruped tgether t cmplete tasks, exchange ideas, and learn frm ne anther. While many educatrs believe it ffers numerus benefits, there are als challenges that cme with this apprach.
Dr. Laura Harris, a renwned educatin researcher, states, “Cperative learning is nt just abut grup wrk; it’s a dynamic prcess that can significantly enhance students’ scial skills, critical thinking, and verall academic perfrmance. It creates an envirnment where students actively engage with each ther, which is essential fr their grwth.” Hwever, she als acknwledges that prper guidance and rganizatin are crucial fr its success.
One f the key advantages f cperative learning lies in its ability t fster scial interactin. When students wrk in grups, they learn t cmmunicate effectively, listen t different perspectives, and reslve cnflicts. Fr example, in a literature discussin grup, students may have varying interpretatins f a nvel. Thrugh dialgue, they can expand their understanding, learn t respect thers’ viewpints, and imprve their wn analytical skills.
Cgnitive psychlgists explain that cperative learning als prmtes deeper learning. Accrding t the Scial Cnstructivism Thery, knwledge is cnstructed thrugh scial interactin. When students cllabrate, they build n each ther’s ideas, challenge assumptins, and cnstruct new knwledge tgether. This prcess encurages active thinking, rather than passive absrptin f infrmatin.
Despite these benefits, cperative learning is nt withut its prblems. Sme students may becme free riders, relying n their grup members t d mst f the wrk. Others might struggle t express their pinins in a grup setting, especially if the grup dynamics are nt well-managed. Additinally, teachers need t carefully design grup tasks and mnitr the prgress t ensure that every student is actively invlved.
T address these challenges, educatrs can adpt several strategies. Fr instance, clearly defining individual respnsibilities within the grup can prevent free-riding behavir. Encuraging equal participatin thrugh rtating leadership rles and creating a safe and inclusive atmsphere can help shy students feel mre cmfrtable sharing their thughts.
In cnclusin, cperative learning has the ptential t transfrm the learning experience. By understanding its benefits and challenges, and implementing apprpriate strategies, educatrs can harness its pwer t create a mre engaging and effective learning envirnment. After all, learning is nt a slitary jurney, but a cllabrative adventure.
1. What is Dr. Laura Harris’s attitude twards cperative learning?
A. Critical.B. Indifferent.C. Supprtive.D. Neutral.
2. Hw des cperative learning prmte deeper learning accrding t the text?
A. By increasing the amunt f infrmatin students receive.
B. By enabling students t cnstruct knwledge thrugh scial interactin.
C. By reducing the time students spend n passive learning.
D. By frcing students t accept different viewpints.
3. Why are prblems in cperative learning mentined in the text?
A. T prve that cperative learning is nt suitable fr all students.
B. T shw that it is mre difficult t implement than expected.
C. T emphasize the imprtance f addressing these issues fr its success.
D. T cmpare it with ther teaching methds.
4. What des the authr imply in the last paragraph?
A. Cperative learning shuld replace traditinal individual learning cmpletely.
B. Students shuld be left t manage grup tasks n their wn.
C. Teachers play a minr rle in the success f cperative learning.
D. With prper handling, cperative learning can greatly benefit students.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D
B
When we’re tired r injured, we ften g t bed earlier t recharge and mend ur bdies. That’s because we ften think that night is a glden time t deal with stress r injuries. But is it true?
Nathaniel Hyle, a scientist f the Labratry f Mlecular Bilgy in Cambridge, UK, has been leading a study int this tpic. The team discvered that fibrblast cells (成纤维细胞) in the bdy switch ff at night. These cells help clse up a wund after the skin is brken and lay a fundatin fr new skin t grw. Why exactly are these cells less active at night?
It’s all t d with yur bdy’s circadian (昼夜节律的) rhythm — a 24-hur internal clck that helps yur cells d their jbs n time. New Scientist reprted that a grup f 30 genes that cntrl the fibrblasts wrked nly daytime shifts, causing the slwer healing prcess at night.
T test its thery, the Cambridge-based team examined data frm the Internatinal Burn Injury Database, which recrds details f burn victims arund the wrld. This analysis revealed that nighttime burns, n average, tk 11 mre days t heal than burns during the day.
A similar result ccurred while experimenting using live mice. Thse that were cut during night-time hurs recvered mre slwly than thse during the day. “Yu can see by eyes, when the cell is wunded nly 8 hurs apart frm each ther, in different circadian perids, the daytime wunded nes take ff, and the nighttime nes drag,” research team member Jhn O’ Neill tld Science Alert.
He added, “The time-varying respnse may be an evlutinary adaptatin. As peple are mre likely t sustain injuries when awake than when sleeping, perhaps ur bdies are prepared t respnd mre quickly in the daytime.” He went n t say that it culd be beneficial t schedule surgeries in time with peple’s circadian rhythms, earlier fr early birds and later fr night wls, in rder t lessen recvery time. Hwever, in any case, it might be best nt t use anything sharp nce the sun ges dwn.
5. What is the purpse f the first paragraph?
A. T explain hw we recharge ur bdies.
B. T aruse the interest f the readers in the tpic.
C. T prve that everyne suffers stress and injuries.
D. T intrduce a new discvery fr dealing with stress.
6 What d the researchers find during their research?
A. Burns take the same time t heal regardless f their cut time.
B. Fibrblast cells bst the healing by wrking nighttime shift.
C. Mice respnd differently in the healing prcess frm humans.
D. A bdy’s circadian rhythm matters in waking up fibrblast cells.
7. What can we learn accrding t Jhn O’ Neill?
A. Peple tend t bear pain mre when they are asleep.
B. Sharp knives are nt suggested in the middle f the day.
C. Night wls perated n in the nighttime may recver sner.
D. Evlutin adaptatin causes peple’s time-varying respnses.
8. What can be a suitable title fr this passage?
A. Why We Heal Injuries Better in the Daytime
B. A Research Offers Clues t Treating Injuries
C. Hw We Heal Wunds and Injuries Effectively
D Scientists Unlck the Secret t Aviding Injuries
【答案】5. B 6. D 7. D 8. A
第二节 ..(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Night phtgraphy is a fascinating art frm that allws yu t shwcase the beauty f landscapes at night. ___9___ The gd news is that learning a few simple techniques can help yu create amazing images that reveal the magic f the night.
The key t night phtgraphy is wrking with light. ___10___ Lk fr sft, balanced light that desn’t create t bright spts r t dark areas. Gd examples are distant streetlights r a single lamp under a rf. These lights spread nicely and help shw details in bth bright and dark parts f yur pht.
___11___ During a lng expsure, mve a flashlight r ther light surce arund t “draw” light trails (光轨) in yur pht. This technique can create enjyable and distinctive effects. It’s a fun and experimental way t play with light and shadw, resulting in phts that are bth artistic and visually engaging.
Beynd technical settings, dn’t frget cmpsitin — it’s essential fr pwerful images. ___12___ Fr example, urban scenes prvide a dynamic cntrast between mving traffic and still architecture, while highways wrk well fr light trails. The flw f vehicle lights will create breathtaking trails, which cntributes t a fascinating visual structure.
Night phtgraphy might seem challenging at first, but with the right techniques, it’s easy t get great results. Whether yu’re shting stars r smething mre abstract, the key is t experiment and have fun. ___13___
A. This requires smart light chices.
B. It unlcks a wrld f creative pssibilities.
C. T create better phts, try using natural lights.
D. While endlessly creative, it als has technical challenges.
E. Fr smething mre artistic, experiment with light painting.
F. When building yur image, cnsider hw mvement and light interact.
G. Nw grab yur camera and start explring the magic f night phtgraphy!
【答案】9. D 10. A 11. E 12. F 13. G
第三部分 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“Let’s swing in the swing!” said Avery. The children ran t the barn.
Mr. Zuckerman had the best swing in the ____14____. It was a single lng piece f heavy rpe tied t the beam ver the nrth ____15____. At the bttm end f the rpe was a fat knt t ____16____ n. It was arranged s that yu culd swing withut being ____17____. Yu climbed a ladder t the haylft. Then, hlding the rpe, yu std at the ____18____ and lked dwn, and were scared and ____19____. Then yu straddled the knt, s that it acted as a ____20____. Then yu gt up all yur nerve, tk a deep breath, and jumped. Fr a secnd yu seemed t be falling t the barn flr far belw, but then suddenly the rpe wuld begin t ____21____ yu, and yu wuld sail thrugh the barn dr ging a mile a(n) ____22____, with the wind whistling in yur eyes and ears and hair. Then yu wuld zm _____23_____ int the sky, and lk up at the cluds, and the rpe wuld twist and yu wuld twist and turn with the _____24_____. Then yu wuld drp dwn, dwn, dwn ut f the sky and cme sailing back int the barn almst int the haylft, then sail ut again (nt quite s far this time), then in again (nt quite s high), then ut again, then in again, then ut, then in; and then yu’d _____25_____ and fall dwn t let smebdy else _____26_____ it.
Mthers fr miles arund wrried abut Zuckerman’s swing. They feared _____27_____ children wuld fall ff. But n child ever did. Children almst always hang nt things _____28_____ than their parents think they will.
14. A. natinB. cuntyC. cityD. cntinent
15. A. drwayB. windwC. haylftD. wall
16. A. lieB. standC. sitD. fly
17. A. pushedB. warnedC. disturbedD. scared
18. A. backB. beamC. stageD. edge
19. A. relievedB. dizzyC. cnfusedD. frustrated
20. A. walking stickB. stepping stneC. tableD. seat
21. A. catchB. tuchC. thrwD. leave
22. A. secndB. minuteC. hurD. day
23. A. frwardB. backwardC. upwardD. dwnward
24. A. rpeB. barnC. cludD. wind
25. A. cruch dwnB. charge dwnC. run ffD. jump ff
26. A. seizeB. tryC. keepD. mve
27. A. everyB. eitherC. antherD. sme
28. A. snerB. tighterC. mre naturallyD. mre cnfidently
【答案】14. B 15. A 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. B
第四部分 词汇(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
单选题：选出以下单词的中文意思。
选出以下单词的中文意思。
29. generate
A. v.产生，引起B. v.消化；领会C. v.降低D. v.与……相关联
30. vary
A. a. & adv.正；非常B. v.变化，变更C. v.使钦佩D. a.种类多的
31. plain
A. a.朴素的，简单的B. n.薄片，片C. n.奶油，乳脂D. a.不受约束的
32. essential
A. a.精致的，精细的B. a.民间的C. a.酸的；馊的D. a.必不可少的；本质的
33. damp
A. a.遥远的B. a.乡村的C. a.潮湿的，湿气重的D. a.令人愉快的
34. exaggeratin
A. n.恩情；借款B. n.激增；繁荣C. n.自由D. n.夸张，夸大
35. glrius
A. a.荣耀的，光荣的B. a.棘手的C. a.引人注目的D. a.内心的，隐藏的
36 allwance
A. n.传说，传奇故事B. n.津贴，补助；零花钱C. n.允许；准许D. n.耐心，忍耐力
37. encunter
A. v.深深吸引B. v.投射C. v.偶然碰到，意外地遇见D. v.敢于，胆敢
38. entitle
A. v.给……命名；使享有权利B. v.是……的特征C. v.& n.拐弯；弯曲D. v.把……关在笼中
39. perspective
A. n.展览，展出B. n.危机，危急关头C. n.透视法；态度、观点D. n.检查，查看
40. landscape
A. n.阴影部分；色度B. n.职业，事业C. n.展览馆，画廊D. n.乡村风景画；风景，景色
41. campaign
A. n.活动；战役B. n.建筑设计，建筑风格C. n.环境，背景D. n.像素
42. desperate
A. a.非凡的B. a.难过的，失望的C. a.特别的，不寻常的D. a.绝望的；不惜冒险的
43 transfrm
A. v.（使）变形，（使）改观B. v.运输C. v.蒸；散发蒸汽D. v.使融合；使结合，使混合
【答案】29. A 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. D 41. A 42. D 43. A
第二节 (共35小题;每小题1分，满分35分)
请将以下中文翻译成英文，每空一词。
汉译英
44. n.容器________
45. a.人工的,人造的 ________
46. n.观众,听众 ________
47. a.有免疫力;不受影响的 ________
48. v. &n.(有)吸引力;申诉;呼吁 ________
49. n.描述,形容,说明 ________
50. n.新郎 ________
51. n.慷慨,大方,宽宏大量 ________
52. n.自传________
53. n.周年纪念日 ________
54. n.吸毒上瘾的人;对……着迷的人 ________
55. n.材料;素材a.物质的 ________
【答案】44. cntainer
45. artificial 46. audience 47. immune 48. appeal
49. descriptin 50. grm
51. genersity
52. autbigraphy
53. anniversary 54. addict 55. material
56. n.数字；人物；体型，身材 ________
57. n.担心，忧虑；关心 v.涉及 ________
58. a.可供替代的；非传统的________
59. v.(感情)爆发，迸发；爆炸 ________
60 n.含酒精饮料，酒 ________
61. v.包，裹；(用胳膊、腿等)抱 ________
62. a.消极的，负面的；坏的 ________
63. n.闲暇，业余时间 ________
64. n.灭绝，绝种 ________
65. n.长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅________
66. n.生物多样性 ________
67. n.委员会 ________
68. a.经济(上)的；可赚钱的 ________
【答案】56. figure
57. cncern
58. alternative
59. explde
60. alchl
61. wrap 62. negative
63. leisure
64. extinctin
65. length 66. bidiversity
67. cmmittee
68. ecnmic
汉译英
69. v. 建立，创立；得到认可 ________
70. n. 柱状物；栏；专栏 ________
71. n. 栖息地；生长地 ________
72. n. 程序，步骤，手续 ________
73. v.&n. 声称；索要；认领 ________
74. v. 修改；修订；复习 ________
75. n. 电，电能 ________
76. a. 脑力的 n.知识分子 ________
77. n. 无知 ________
78. v. 说明，解释；加插图于 ________
【答案】69. establish
70. clumn 71. habitat
72. prcedure
73. claim 74. revise
75. electricity
76. intellectual
77. ignrance
78. illustrate
第五部分 小说 Charltte’s Web(共两节,满分35分)
第一节 (共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)
小说句子复现;请根据句意将括号内的中文翻译成英文，每空1个单词。
79. As she apprached her chair, the cartn wbbled, and there was a ________ (抓挠的) nise. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】scratching
80. She wuld __________（挥手）gdbye t him, and he wuld stand and watch the bus until it vanished arund a turn. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】wave
81. The hrses, in their stalls in the barn, ________up (竖起) their ears when they heard the gse hllering. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】pricked
82. Lurvy dumped the slps, ________ (刮) the pail, and walked away. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】scraped
83. Wilbur ________ (脸红了). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】blushed
84. “What time is it?” ________ (耳语，低声说) Wilbur t the gse. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】whispered
85. That afternn, when the wind ________ dwn (渐弱), the barnyard was quiet and warm. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】died
86. Wilbur ________ (伸懒腰) ut n his side. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】stretched
87. “Of curse yu dn’t,” said Charltte in a ________ (安慰的) vice. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】cmfrting
88. “Leave it alne!” ________ (命令道) Fern. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】 cmmanded
89. Mrs. Zuckerman ________ (跌坐) int a chair. She lked pale and frightened. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】sank
90. Wilbur, wh really felt terrific, std quietly swelling ut his ________ (胸膛) and swinging his snut frm side t side. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】chest
91. “Anther summer gne,” she ________ (叹息道). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】sighed
92. Even n the mst beautiful days in the whle year — the days when summer is changing int fall — the crickets ________ (散布) the rumr f sadness and change. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】spread
93. Charltte gt s interested, and she ________ (降低) herself n a dragline s she culd see better. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】lwered
94. “Gd,” said Charltte, ________ (眨眼示意) at the ld sheep. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】winking
95. Fern climbed int the pen and ________ (跪下) by Wilbur’s side. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】knelt
96. Then he ________ (撕下) a wrd ut f the paper, rlled it up, and started back t Wilbur’s pen. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】tre
97. The children felt refreshed after their ________ (小睡). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】nap
98. “Yu ught t be ashamed f yurself,” said Charltte in ________ (厌恶). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】disgust
第二节 (共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
请根据小说 Charltte’s Web 的内容用英文回答问题。
119. What did Fern d t take care f her newbrn pig?
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120. Accrding t Charltte, what wuld happen if she didn’t eat bugs?
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121. What was the pig’s name that was in the pen next t Wilbur?
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122. What happened t Wilbur during the lng speech?
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123. Hw did Wilbur carry the precius egg sac back t the barn?
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