广东省湛江市第二十一中学2025-2026学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题

这是一份广东省湛江市第二十一中学2025-2026学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题，共16页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37，5分，满分15分），词汇激活等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考试时间：120分钟，满分：120分
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项
A
Fur Famus Festivals in the Wrld
Hli Festival in India
The ancient Hindu festival f Hli is held in late February and early March. This clrful act symblizes the victry f gd ver evil (邪恶) each year. It begins with a bnfire (篝火) , the flame f which burns away evil, and after that, the participants are in fr sme real fun. Crwds f peple sprinkle (酒) each ther with clred pwder and rganic paints as a sign f gdness and gd luck.
Venice Carnival in Italy
The mst rmantic city in Italy fills with bright clrs and sunds f music every year at the end f February. Residents and guests f Venice dress up in splendid cstumes in the style f the Middle Ages and cver their faces with masks. The carnival ends with the awarding f the cmpetitrs wh have shwed the mst riginal and clrful cstumes.
Tmrrwland in Belgium
The biggest electrnic music festival in the wrld is held at the end f July in the Belgian city f Bm. The famus three-day event annually gathers mre than 300 thusand guests. The main stages are set up in a large park with artificial pnds and beautiful green areas. The area will be equipped in advance with fd curts, grills, and all the necessary equipment.
Burning Man in the USA
Many cultural events pale in cmparisn t the legendary Burning Man, held in Nevada frm the last Mnday in August t the first Mnday in September. The unique atmsphere is created nt nly by the rganizers and the desert where the festival takes place but als by the participants themselves. They build a tent city with hmemade art bjects and the necessary equipment. The highlight f the festival is the burning f a huge wden statue f a man and the main temple.
1．Which festival is held in late February and early March?
A．Hli Festival. B．Venice Carnival. C．Tmrrwland. D．Burning Man.
2．What des Venice Carnival in Italy end with?
A．A bnfire.B．A fd feast.
C．The awarding f the cmpetitrs.D．The burning f a huge wden man.
3．Where is Burning Man held?
A．Near a pnd. B．In a desert. C．In a large park. D．Alng the city street.
B
A British friend tld me he culdn’t understand why Chinese peple lve cracking sunflwer seeds (磕瓜子) as a snack s much. “I’ve met a lt f lder Chinese and many have a crack (裂缝) in their frnt teeth; I believe that’s frm cracking the seeds,” he said.
I had never nticed the habit, but nce he mentined it, I suddenly became mre aware. I realized that whenever I’m watching TV r typing a reprt, I always start mindlessly cracking sunflwer seeds. My friend desn’t like sunflwer seeds, and, t him, it seems unnecessary t wrk s much just t get ne small seed.
When we were yung, the whle family wuld usually get tgether fr Chinese New Year. Then, we all lived clse t ne anther, usually in a small city, and smetimes even neighbrs wuld g dr-t-dr n Chinese New Year’s Eve t check ut what every family was making.
I remember my parents wuld be in the kitchen cking. Out in the living rm, a large table wuld already be laid ut, cmplete with fancy tableclth, ready-made dumpling fillings, and dishes full f candy, fruits and sunflwer seeds. Sme f the dishes were t be ffered t ur ancestrs later, while thers were fr neighbrs and children t eat befre the evening feast. I must have learned hw t crack sunflwer seeds back then.
I dn’t think it’s right t criticize ne’s chice in fd r eating habits, n matter hw strange they may seem.
It’s nt nly in China. When I went abrad, I fund peple had all kinds f strange habits when it came t fd. In Denmark, they put salted red fish n bread and eat it fr dinner, n matter hw much it ruins yur breath. They think it’s a delicacy (美味佳肴), and it’s cnnected t their certain culture. I think it’s a wnderful traditin.
4．What did the writer becme aware f?
A．She had ever typed a reprt abut seeds.
B．She had varius snacks while watching TV.
C．She had a habit f cracking sunflwer seeds.
D．She damaged her teeth by eating sunflwer seeds.
5．What des the writer prve by mentining Chinese New Year?
A．The families get tgether fr it. B．Eating sunflwer seeds is related t it.
C．The traditins f celebrating it disappear. D．Children can eat delicius fd n that day.
6．The writer’s attitude t Denmark’s way f eating bread is _________.
A．negativeB．uncertainC．dubtfulD．acceptable
7．What lessn can we learn frm the stry?
A．It is gd t frm healthy eating habits.
B．Eating habits cme frm a certain culture.
C．Changing yur eating habits will change yur life.
D．One kind f fd desn’t necessarily suit everyne.
C
In the past, westerners were nt familiar with Traditinal Chinese Medicine(TCM), but nw it is becming glbally ppular. Accrding t a gvernment reprt, TCM has been intrduced int 183 cuntries and regins arund the wrld.
Hwever, westerners nly have a little knwledge f TCM. Their understanding f TCM may be limited t acupuncture(针灸), cupping and massage(按摩). Fr instance, the purple, injury-like marks left n a U.S. famus swimmer’s back frm cupping t relax his muscles and reduce pain became the centre f attentin during the Ri Olympics in 2016.
In fact, Chinese herbs(药草) play a mre imprtant rle in curing diseases and keeping the bdy in gd cnditin in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. Therefre, it is disappinting t knw that althugh 103 Wrld Health Organisatin member cuntries have given apprval t the practice f acupuncture, nt many recgnise Chinese herbal medicine. TCM is much less ppular than Western medicine partly due t the slw develpment f Chinese herbs.
Herbs can be made int pills, pwder and sup. The kind f herbs used, their quality, quantity and the prcessing tgether determine the effectiveness f the prescriptin(处方). Cmpared with Western medicine, which has standardised drug prductin prcesses and treatment methds, TCM lacks standardisatin. The chemical cmpsitin and functins f its medicine are still unclear and their effects are unstable. Frtunately, standardisatin has imprved in recent decades and a number f factries are increasingly prducing patented TCM drugs.
Anther reasn why TCM prescriptin drugs have develped slwly is that it lacks creativity. While Western medicine-making cmpanies cme up with new prducts every year, TCM drug prducers tend t make medicine accrding t prescriptins handed dwn frm the past. That Chinese chemist Tu Yuyu wn the 2015 Nbel Prize in Physilgy r Medicine fr her research int malaria(疟疾)treatment may drive creativity t sme extent in China’s TCM industry.
Hwever, Rme was nt built in a day. The current situatin cannt be changed within a shrt time.
8．What des the example f an American swimmer in Paragraph 2 shw?
A．Westerners knw a little abut TCM. B．Cupping is a kind f imprtant TCM treatment.
C．He was injured in his swimming. D．TCM is very ppular amng westerners.
9．Why dn’t sme member cuntries f WHO recgnise Chinese herbal medicine?
A．Chinese herbs can get rid f diseases. B．They nly apprve the practice f acupuncture.
C．Western medicine is mre effective. D．Medicine made ut f Chinese herbs develps slwly.
10．Hw des the writer feel abut the future f TCM?
A．Anxius. B．Negative. C．Optimistic. D．Disappinted.
11．What is the best title f the passage?
A．The Effectiveness f TCM. B．The Barriers t TCM’s Develpment.
C．The Weakness f TCM. D．The Future f TCM.
D
Sugar painting, as the name means, is a painting made f sugar. It’s the sugar fr us t taste, and the painting fr us t admire.
Since the Warring States Perid (战国时代), the ancient peple lved sweets and develped methds f prducing sugar. In the Tang Dynasty, there was huge prgress in the technlgy f sugar making. And sugar, the precius prduct nce nly served t the emperrs and princes, als went int cmmn peple’s hmes. With the cultural and ecnmic develpment f Sng and Yuan Dynasties, peple became less interested in nly tasting sweetness. In the Ming Dynasty, sme peple added pictures with gd luck int the bwl f sugar, and sugar painting appeared.
Sugar painting is different frm nrmal painting. Sugar painters use syrup (糖浆) as the material, a spn as the “paintbrush”, and a smth table as the “paper”. T make syrup, they have t make sugar ht befre painting. Since syrup may becme hard if it cls, the painters have t prduce the wrk very quickly. They mve the spn full f syrup up and dwn, left and right. Sn a sugar painting is dne.
Hwever, it’s a pity that this flk art is dying recently. The sugar painting that used t be rich in shapes has becme prer and prer because f fewer needs. What’s wrse, few peple seem t be willing t pass n the art except thse aging sugar painters.
Fr mst peple, painting is a kind f art and difficult t understand. Hwever, sugar painting has pulled the art dwn int peple’s daily lives. Thrugh it, we may see the spiritual supprt f the ancient peple acrss centuries. Nw, sugar painting has been listed as an intangible cultural heritage in China. Therefre, the art shuld be remembered, missed and passed n.
12．What des the underlined wrd “precius” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A．Valuable and expensive.B．Useful and cheap.
C．Special but wrthless.D．Simple but priceless.
13．When did sugar painting appear?
A．In the Warring States Perid. B．In the Tang Dynasty.
C．In the Yuan Dynasty.D．In the Ming Dynasty.
14．What’s the writer’s attitude(态度) twards tday’s sugar painting accrding t Paragraph 4?
A．Uncaring.B．Dubtful.C．Wrried.D．Unclear.
15．Which can be a suitable title fr the passage?
A．Explring the Art f Sugar Painting. B．Imprving the Taste f Sugar Painting.
C．Effects f the Sugar Prducing Technlgy. D．Ways t Change the Future f Sugar Painting.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Rbtic dgs are expected t help transprt waste n Munt Tai in Tai’ an, Shandng Prvince. They cmbine advanced technlgy with envirnmental prtectin t address the grwing waste management challenges. Munt Tai is a ppular turist destinatin.
As hikers climbed Munt Tai, they were attracted by a rbtic dg. 16 During the climb, the rbtic dg bradcast messages encuraging visitrs t prtect the muntain’s envirnment. It brings a tuch f delight t the tired hikers.
Munt Tai, a UNESCO Wrld Cultural and Natural Heritage site, welcmed 8.62 millin turists last year. The cmplex terrain (地形) makes waste transprtatin mre difficult. 17 Then it believes that emplying rbtic assistants fr transprtatin is a gd chice.
18 Equipped with a shelf and carg bx that can carry 30 t 40 kilgrams, the rbtic dgs were tested fr adaptability, climbing ability, lad-bearing capacity and emergency actin n the muntain’s challenging terrain. Results shwed that they culd reach the tp f the muntain frm the base within tw hurs, while the average time fr adult turists nt carrying a heavy lad is arund fur hurs. The rbts can perate fr fur t six hurs n a full charge.
During the tests, the rbtic dgs adapted t ver 80 percent f the muntain’s terrain. 19 They became a unique attractin, with many turists stpping t capture mments with these lvely assistants.
‌“ 20 It’s truly amazing,” said Wang Yang, a turist frm Heilngjiang Prvince. ‌“It wuld be mre unbelievable if it culd carry peple up the muntain in the future.”
A．I had an idea hw it was wrking s well.
B．I saw it climbing and tk a pht with it.
C．The gvernment has explred varius methds.
D．This shwed prmising results in waste transprtatin.
E．It was carrying waste n its back under the cntrl f a staff member.
F．It is difficult fr cleaners t cllect trash frm sme areas in the muntain.
G．Tests were carried ut ver three days at the base, middle and tp f the muntain.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。
Eddie McCarthy was watching the lcal TV news when he suddenly saw a 21 face n the screen: Rman, ne f his high schl math students. His parents were 22 lking fr a live kidney (肾) dnr fr him. McCarthy decided he wuld get a bld test t see if he might be a 23 match.
Rman’s kidneys were failing, and he wuld likely have t wait three t five years fr a dnr kidney, 24 mre than 92,000 peple were n the waiting list.
Rman’s mther said, ‌“Every birthday was bittersweet, knwing that Rman was getting clser t 25 a kidney transplant (移植).” His parents began an all-ut 26 fr a living dnr tw years ag.
Then in February, their 27 came after McCarthy saw them n the lcal news. McCarthy gt a bld test at a lcal clinic and 28 that his bld type was O psitive like Rman’s. He sn did mre tests. At the end f June, he 29 news that he wuld be a great dnr match fr Rman.
When the hspital 30 in June that the peratin wuld be perfrmed, Rman’s parents began t shed tears.
Rman’s transplant went smthly, and he was pretty much back t being a 31 15-year-ld kid. His parents’ friends 32 a GFundMe accunt fr him t help pay the expense.
‌“Everyne in ur family will frever be 33 fr what the dnr did,” Rman’s mther said. “We hpe that his 34 will give hpe t thers wh are 35 what we did, and that they’ll als find dnrs.”
21．A．familiarB．preciusC．cmmnD．different
22．A．cmfrtablyB．happilyC．anxiuslyD．secretly
23．A．strangeB．ptentialC．regularD．riginal
24．A．ifB．untilC．becauseD．althugh
25．A．admittingB．needingC．imprvingD．balancing
26．A．searchB．respnsibilityC．suggestinD．excuse
27．A．cmpetitinB．challengeC．prideD．luck
28．A．rememberedB．cmmentedC．learnedD．imagined
29．A．ignredB．spreadC．receivedD．brught
30．A．determinedB．blamedC．pretendedD．praised
31．A．perfectB．generusC．similarD．nrmal
32．A．stleB．startedC．savedD．sld
33．A．thankfulB．patientC．eagerD．cncerned
34．A．rleB．targetC．titleD．gift
35．A．shwing ffB．ging thrughC．hlding ntD．getting ver
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tu Yuyu, as a famus female scientist f great 36 (achieve), was brn 37 Ningb, Zhejiang Prvince n 30 December 1930．And she 38 (graduate) frm Peking University Medical Schl in 1955. In 1967, she was chsen int a research team 39 was frmed by the gvernment in rder t discver a new treatment fr malaria (疟疾). Tu Yuyu first tried the medicine n herself, because she wanted 40 (make) sure that it was safe. Besides, she and her teammates examined ver 2,000 ld medical 41 (text), evaluated 280,000 plants fr their medical prperties (性质), and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments. As a cmmitted and 42 (patience) scientist, she never acknwledged (承认) defeat whatever difficulty she met. After 43 (fail) t draw ut useful extract by biling the sweet wrmwd, she began even mre careful thinking and research wrk.
We can learn a lt frm Tu Yuyu — We shuld d smething useful fr peple. If we want t be 44 (success), we shuld cntinue 45 (wrk) hard with ur grup and never give up.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)
假定你是学生会主席李华，你校即将于下个月举行办一个音乐节。请你写一封电子邮件，邀请你的英国朋友Alice参加，内容包括：
音乐会具体信息； （2）音乐会内容 （3）邀请她表演节目。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；2. 开头已经给出，不计入总词数; 3. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Alice,
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A few weeks ag，when my mm and I were shpping，we ran int my teacher，wh mentined that the schl didn’t have a music teacher t help ur class put tgether a perfrmance fr Winter Fair.And，right then and there，my mm said，“I knw the perfect sng and dance.I’ll teach it t the kids!”
Befre I culd say “Please dn’t，”my mm had agreed t cme t my class every mrning at 9：30 fr a week.Oh，and just t be clear，it’s nt as if she’s a prfessinal entertainer (演员).My parents run a small grcery stre，and the nly singing my mm des is in the shwer.
“Um，”I said n ur way hme，“are yu sure this is such a gd idea?”
“Of curse!” she said.“If we want yur schl’s Winter Fair t happen，peple need t step up and vlunteer.”
“I knw vlunteering is imprtant，” I said.“But culdn’t yu help ut in anther way instead?”
She laughed.“Dn’t be silly.We’ll have great fun!”
“OK，everyne，”my teacher said at 9：28 n Mnday.“We’re ging t stp silent reading a little early because a special guest is here t help us with a perfrmance fr Winter Fair.”
“Let’s all welcme Arizna’s mther.”
I lked up t discver my mm standing at the frnt f the rm wearing the wrld’s silliest hat.
“I’m super excited t be here with yu!”my mm said.“I’m ging t teach yu a fun little sng­and­dance number I learned a few years back，when I did sme theater in cllege.Here ges!”
Oh，please，h，please，I said ver and ver in my head，let there be a fire drill (演习) r a pwer utage (停电)，r anything t stp my mm fr cmpletely embarrassing herself—and me!
But bviusly，my mm was nt at all cncerned abut lking silly.She turned n sme backgrund music and started singing and dancing away.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右。
2.请按如下格式作答。
I clsed my eyes，cvered my ears，and shrank as lw as I pssibly culd in my chair.
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Nt nly did my mm turn ut t be mre than a little OK at perfrming，but she was als gd at teaching us the sng and the dance steps.
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湛江市第二十一中学2025-2026学年收心考英语参考答案
1．A 2．C 3．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了世界上四个著名的节日。
1．细节理解题。根据Hli Festival in India部分“The ancient Hindu festival f Hli is held in late February and early March.(古老的印度节日胡里节在2月底和3月初举行)”可知，胡里节在2月底和3月初举行。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据Venice Carnival in Italy部分“The carnival ends with the awarding f the cmpetitrs wh have shwed the mst riginal and clrful cstumes.(狂欢节以向展示最原创、最丰富多彩服装的参赛者颁奖而结束)”可知，意大利威尼斯狂欢节以对参赛者的奖励结束。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据Burning Man in the USA部分“The unique atmsphere is created nt nly by the rganizers and the desert where the festival takes place but als by the participants themselves.(独特的氛围不仅是由组织者和节日所在的沙漠创造的，也是由参与者自己创造的)”可知，美国火人节的所在地是沙漠，即火人节是在沙漠里举行的。故选B。
4．C 5．B 6．D 7．B
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，文章用中国人喜欢嗑瓜子和丹麦人喜欢吃面包配咸红鱼来证明饮食习惯来自特定的文化。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“I had never nticed the habit, but nce he mentined it, I suddenly became mre aware. I realized that whenever I’m watching TV r typing a reprt, I always start mindlessly cracking sunflwer seeds. (我从来没有注意到这个习惯，但他一提起，我就突然意识到了。我意识到，每当我看电视或打报告时，我总是开始无意识地嗑瓜子。)”可知，作者意识到自己有嗑瓜子的习惯。故选C。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段“When we were yung, the whle family wuld usually get tgether fr Chinese New Year. Then, we all lived clse t ne anther, usually in a small city, and smetimes even neighbrs wuld g dr-t-dr n Chinese New Year’s Eve t check ut what every family was making. (当我们小的时候，全家通常会聚在一起过春节。那时，我们都住得很近，通常住在一个小城市，有时甚至邻居也会在除夕夜挨家挨户地看看每家都在做什么。)”以及第四段中“I must have learned hw t crack sunflwer seeds back then. (那时候我一定学会了怎么嗑瓜子。)”可知，作者提到中国新年是为了证明嗑瓜子和它有关。故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段“I think it’s a wnderful traditin. (我认为这是一个很棒的传统。)”可知，作者对丹麦吃面包的方式的态度是可接受的。故选D。
7．推理判断题。通读全文特别是根据最后一段“When I went abrad, I fund peple had all kinds f strange habits when it came t fd. In Denmark, they put salted red fish n bread and eat it fr dinner, n matter hw much it ruins yur breath. They think it’s a delicacy (美味佳肴), and it’s cnnected t their certain culture. (当我出国时，我发现人们在食物方面有各种奇怪的习惯。在丹麦，他们把咸鱼放在面包上当晚餐吃，不管它会多么破坏你的呼吸。他们认为这是一种美味，与他们的特定文化有关。)”可知，文章告诉我们饮食习惯来自某种文化。故选B。
8．A 9．D 10．C 11．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中医药发展普及过程中的一些不足之处：疗效慢、缺乏标准化生产以及缺乏创新等。
8．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hwever, westerners nly have a little knwledge f TCM. Their understanding f TCM may be limited t acupuncture, cupping and massage.(然而，西方人对中医知之甚少。他们对中医的理解可能仅限于针灸、拔罐和按摩。)”及下文美国游泳运动员的例子可知，这说明西方人对中医药了解很有限。故选A项。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“TCM is much less ppular than Western medicine partly due t the slw develpment f Chinese herbs.(中医不如西医受欢迎，部分原因是中草药发展缓慢。)”可知，一部分原因是中草药的发展缓慢，中医药不如西药受欢迎。故选D项。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Frtunately, standardisatin has imprved in recent decades and a number f factries are increasingly prducing patented TCM drugs.(幸运的是，近几十年来，标准化程度有所提高，许多工厂越来越多地生产中成药。)”可知，作者对于中医药的未来是乐观的。故选C项。
11．主旨大意题。阅读全文可知，本文主要讲了中医药越来越普及，但是中药与西药相比还有一些不足之处：认可度低(第二段)、发展慢(第三段)、缺乏标准化生产(第四段)以及缺乏创新(第五段)。综合这几段主要讲的内容可知,“中药发展的障碍”适合做本文的标题。故选B项。
12．A 13．D 14．C 15．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了糖画这一民间艺术，包括其起源、制作方式、现状以及作者对其传承的看法。
12．词句猜测题。根据第二段“the precius prduct nce nly served t the emperrs and princes, als went int cmmn peple’s hmes. (这种precius产品曾经只供皇帝和王子享用，后来也进入了普通百姓家。)” 可知，曾经只有皇帝和王子能享用，说明它很有价值且昂贵。故选 A。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段“In the Ming Dynasty, sme peple added pictures with gd luck int the bwl f sugar, and sugar painting appeared. (在明朝，一些人在糖碗里加入带有吉祥寓意的图案，糖画就出现了。)” 可知，糖画出现在明朝。故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据第四段“Hwever, it’s a pity that this flk art is dying recently. The sugar painting that used t be rich in shapes has becme prer and prer because f fewer needs. What’s wrse, few peple seem t be willing t pass n the art except thse aging sugar painters. (然而，遗憾的是，这种民间艺术最近正在消亡。由于需求减少，曾经形状丰富的糖画变得越来越单一。更糟糕的是，除了那些上了年纪的糖画艺人，似乎很少有人愿意传承这门艺术。)”可知，作者对糖画现状表示担忧。故选C。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sugar painting, as the name means, is a painting made f sugar. It’s the sugar fr us t taste, and the painting fr us t admire. (糖画，顾名思义，是用糖制作而成的画。它既有供我们品尝的糖，又有供我们欣赏的画。)”可知，主要介绍了糖画这一民间艺术，包括其起源、制作方式、现状以及作者对其传承的看法。所以短文的最佳标题为“探索糖画艺术”。故选A。
16．E 17．C 18．G 19．D 20．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了山东泰安泰山引入机器狗运输垃圾的情况，包括其测试情况、适应能力及给游客带来的新奇体验等。
16．上文“As hikers climbed Munt Tai, they were attracted by a rbtic dg. (当徒步旅行者攀登泰山时，他们被一只机器狗吸引了)”表明游客被机器狗吸引，E选项“It was carrying waste n its back under the cntrl f a staff member. (在一名工作人员的操控下，它正背着垃圾。)”承接上文，描述了机器狗当时正在做的事情，解释了游客被吸引的原因。故选E项。
17．上文“The cmplex terrain (地形) makes waste transprtatin mre difficult. (复杂的地形使垃圾运输更加困难。)”指出泰山垃圾运输存在困难，C选项“The gvernment has explred varius methds. (政府已经探索了各种方法。)”与上文构成因果关系，因为运输困难所以政府探索方法，下文“Then it believes that emplying rbtic assistants fr transprtatin is a gd chice. (然后它认为雇佣机器助手进行运输是个不错的选择。)”则是探索后的一种选择。故选C项。
18．下文“Equipped with a shelf and carg bx that can carry 30 t 40 kilgrams, the rbtic dgs were tested fr adaptability, climbing ability, lad bearing capacity and emergency actin n the muntain’s challenging terrain. (这些机器狗配备了一个可以承载30到40公斤的架子和货箱，在具有挑战性的山地地形上进行了适应性、攀爬能力、承载能力和应急行动的测试。)”详细说明了机器狗的测试内容，G选项“Tests were carried ut ver three days at the base, middle and tp f the muntain. (在山的底部、中部和顶部进行了为期三天的测试。)”引出下文的测试内容，说明了测试的时间和地点。故选G项。
19．上文“During the tests, the rbtic dgs adapted t ver 80 percent f the muntain’s terrain. (在测试期间，机器狗适应了超过80%的山地地形。)”说明机器狗在测试中的适应情况良好，D选项“This shwed prmising results in waste transprtatin. (这在垃圾运输方面显示出了良好的效果。)”承接上文，指出这种良好的适应情况对于垃圾运输来说是有前景的，上下文逻辑连贯。故选D项。
20．下文“It’s truly amazing,’ said Wang Yang, a turist frm Heilngjiang Prvince. ‘It wuld be mre unbelievable if it culd carry peple up the muntain in the future.’ (这真的太神奇了，’来自黑龙江省的游客王洋说。‘如果它将来能载人上山，那就更不可思议了。’)”表达了游客对机器狗的惊叹，B选项“I saw it climbing and tk a pht with it. (我看到它在攀爬，还和它合了影。)”体现了游客与机器狗有互动，且看到机器狗攀爬后合影的经历会让游客觉得神奇，与下文游客的惊叹相呼应。故选B项。
21．A 22．C 23．B 24．C 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．C 29．C 30．A 31．D 32．B 33．A 34．D 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了高中数学老师Eddie McCarthy看到学生Rman急需肾移植的新闻后，主动进行检测并成功匹配，最终Rman手术顺利的感人故事。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Eddie McCarthy正在看当地的电视新闻，突然他在屏幕上看到了一张熟悉的脸：Rman，他高中的一个数学学生。A. familiar熟悉的；B. precius珍贵的；C. cmmn普通的；D. different不同的。根据后文“ne f his high schl math students”可知，Rman是他的学生，所以脸是熟悉的。故选A项。
22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的父母正在焦急地为他寻找一个活体肾捐赠者。A. cmfrtably舒适地；B. happily高兴地；C. anxiusly焦急地；D. secretly秘密地。根据后文“lking fr a live kidney (肾) dnr fr him”和“Rman’s kidneys were failing”可推知，Rman肾脏衰竭，需要肾脏移置，所以他的父母肯定是焦急地为他找肾源。故选C项。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：McCarthy决定去做一个血液检测，看看他是否可能是一个潜在的匹配者。A. strange奇怪的；B. ptential潜在的；C. regular有规律的；D. riginal原始的。结合常识和前文“McCarthy decided he wuld get a bld test”可知，在得知自己的学生Rman在寻找肾源后，McCarthy决定去做血液检测，说明他想帮助学生，想知道自己是否是潜在的匹配者。故选B项。
24．考查连词词义辨析。句意：Rman的肾脏正在衰竭，他可能要等三到五年才能等到一个捐赠的肾脏，因为有超过92000人在等待名单上。A. if如果；B. until直到；C. because因为；D. althugh虽然。“have t wait three t five years fr a dnr kidney”和“mre than 92,000 peple were n the waiting list”之间是因果关系，因为等待名单上的人多，所以Rman要等很久。故选C项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Rman的母亲说：“每个生日都是苦乐参半的，因为知道Rman离需要肾脏移植越来越近了。”A. admitting承认；B. needing需要；C. imprving提高；D. balancing平衡。根据前文“Rman’s kidneys were failing”可知，Rman的情况很糟，每过一个生日，每长大一岁，他离需要肾脏移植的时间就越近，越紧迫。故选B项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的父母两年前就开始全面寻找活体捐赠者。A. search寻找；B. respnsibility责任；C. suggestin建议；D. excuse借口。根据前文提到为Rman找肾源，可知这里是进行全面的寻找。故选A项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后在二月，McCarthy在当地新闻上看到他们后，他们的好运来了。A. cmpetitin竞争；B. challenge挑战；C. pride骄傲；D. luck运气。根据前文“McCarthy decided he wuld get a bld test t see if he might be a 3 match.”和后文“his bld type was O psitive like Rman’s”可知，McCarthy看到新闻后愿意检测并得到血型匹配的结果，这对于Rman一家来说是好运。故选D项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：McCarthy在当地一家诊所做了血液检测，得知他的血型和Rman一样是O型阳性。A. remembered记得；B. cmmented评论；C. learned得知；D. imagined想象。根据后文“that his bld type was O psitive like Rman’s”可知，McCarthy检测血液后得知结果。故选C项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在六月底，他收到消息说他将是Rman的绝佳捐赠匹配者。A. ignred忽视；B. spread传播；C. received收到；D. brught带来。根据后文“news that he wuld be a great dnr match fr Rman”可知，McCarthy收到检测后关于是否匹配的消息。故选C项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当医院在六月确定手术将进行时，Rman的父母开始流泪。A. determined确定；B. blamed责备；C. pretended假装；D. praised赞扬。根据后文“in June that the peratin wuld be perfrmed”可知，医院确定了手术可以进行。故选A项。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Rman的移植手术进行得很顺利，他几乎又变回了一个正常的15岁孩子。A. perfect完美的；B. generus慷慨的；C. similar相似的；D. nrmal正常的。根据“Rman’s transplant went smthly”可知，手术顺利，Rman恢复正常生活，像个正常的孩子。故选D项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他父母的朋友为他开设了一个GFundMe账户来帮助支付费用。A. stle偷；B. started开设；C. saved节省；D. sld卖。根据“a GFundMe(一家美国众筹平台，允许个人和组织为各种目的筹集资金，如慈善事业、医疗费用、教育费用等) accunt”可知，朋友开设众筹平台账户来帮助筹集资金支付手术费用。故选B项。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们家的每个人都会永远感激捐赠者所做的一切，”Rman的母亲说。A. thankful感激的；B. patient耐心的；C. eager渴望的；D. cncerned关心的。McCarthy救了Rman，Rman一家肯定是感激的。故选A项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们希望他的这份礼物能给其他正在经历我们所经历的事情的人带来希望，并且他们也能找到捐赠者。”A. rle角色；B. target目标；C. title标题；D. gift礼物。McCarthy捐赠肾脏对于Rman一家来说是一份礼物。故选D项。
35．考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我们希望他的这份礼物能给其他正在经历我们所经历的事情的人带来希望，并且他们也能找到捐赠者。”A. shwing ff炫耀；B. ging thrugh经历；C. hlding nt坚持；D. getting ver克服。根据“give hpe t thers”可知，Rman一家希望其他正在经历他们所经历的事情的人也能幸运地找到捐赠者。故选B项。
36．achievements 37．in 38．graduated 39．which/that 40．t make 41．texts 42．patient 43．failing 44．successful 45．wrking
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了著名女科学家屠呦呦的生平和成就，以及她对研究抗疟疾药物的执着和贡献。
36．考查名词。句意：成就卓越的著名女科学家屠呦呦，1930年12月30日出生于浙江省宁波市。空格处需填名词作介词f的宾语。achievement是可数名词，可数名词复数表泛指多种成就。故填achievements。
37．考查介词。句意：成就卓越的著名女科学家屠呦呦，1930年12月30日出生于浙江省宁波市。在相对较大的地理区域或城市前，使用介词in表示地理位置。故填in。
38．考查动词时态。句意：她于1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。根据句末时间状语in 1955可知，此处应用过去时。故填graduated。
39．考查定语从句。句意：1967年，她被选入一个由政府组建的研究团队，以寻找一种新的疟疾治疗方法。空格处到句末为定语从句，该句中缺少关系代词。先行词是team，指物。故填which/that。
40．考查非谓语动词。句意：屠呦呦首先在自己身上试验药物，因为她想要确保药物的安全性。because到句末的原因状语从句中，谓语为wanted，空格处需用不定式作宾语，表示要去完成的动作。故填t make。
41．考查名词。句意：此外，她和团队查阅了2000多本过去的医学文献，评估了280,000种植物的药用性质，测试了380种不同的古代中医治疗方法。text为可数名词，且前有数字2000，因此应用复数形式。故填texts。
42．考查形容词。句意：她是一名执着而耐心的科学家，无论遇到什么困难，她从不承认失败。空格处的词与前面的cmmitted并列，是形容词作定语修饰后面的名词scientist。故填patient。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：在通过煮沸黄花蒿未能提取出有效成分后，她开始了更加细致的思考和研究工作。空格处需要动名词作句首介词after的宾语。故填failing。
44．考查形容词。句意：如果我们想要成功，就应继续与团队一起努力工作，永不放弃。空格前为系动词be，此处需要一个形容词作表语。故填successful。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果我们想要成功，就应继续与团队一起努力工作，永不放弃。空格处需要动名词作前面介词n的宾语。故填wrking。
46 应用文写作
Dear Alice,
Exceedingly delighted t tell yu that ur schl will hld a music festival, I’m writing t invite yu t attend it.
Aimed at adding luster t ur schl life, the music festival is scheduled t be held n September 15th next mnth in the schl hall, lasting fr 3 hurs. There will be a variety f music. Firstly, we have classical music played with stringed instruments, and I bet yu will fall in lve with it. Mrever, hip-hp and techn are als very ppular amng students. Their energetic rhythm can be a relief fr yur sul. In additin t that, a virtual chir will give.
47．读后续写
I clsed my eyes，cvered my ears，and shrank as lw as I pssibly culd in my chair.After a few secnds，thugh，I fund enugh curage t uncver ne ear and lk thrugh a half­pen eye.That’s when I saw the expressin f great jy n my mm’s face.She was having s much fun.I cund’t help smiling.My classmates clapped and cheered，and I heard smene say，“Ww! Arizna’s mther is pretty talented!”
Nt nly did my mm turn ut t be mre than a little OK at perfrming，but she was als gd at teaching us the sng and the dance steps.By the time f the fair，I was actually prud f her fr putting herself ut there fr us.“I’m really glad yu helped my class with the perfrmance，”I said t my mm as we drve hme frm Winter Fair.My mm reached back and held my hand.“Thanks fr saying that，Arizna.I can see why yu might have been embarrassed，but I had such a great time.”
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的班级缺少音乐老师帮助准备冬季博览会的表演，作者的母亲主动要求帮忙，但是作者认为母亲会让自己尴尬。出乎作者意料的是，母亲不但表演得很好，也很会教课。作者感谢母亲为自己班级所做的一切，同时为母亲感到自豪的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我闭上眼睛，捂住耳朵，在椅子上尽可能地缩得很低。”可知，第一段可描写作者害怕母亲会让自己感到尴尬，后来发现母亲表演得很好，获得了全班同学的认可。
②由第二段首句内容“我妈妈不仅在表演方面表现得很好，而且她还善于教我们唱歌和跳舞。”可知，第二段可描写母亲演出获得了成功，作者为母亲感到骄傲。
2.续写线索：作者尴尬——母亲表现出色——同学欢呼——表演成功——作者感到自豪
3.词汇激活
行为类
①鼓起勇气：find enugh curage /muster up curage /gather all the curage/summn up curage
②擅长于：be gd at/be skilled in
情绪类
①引以为豪：be prud f/take pride in
②高兴：glad/happy/delighted
【点睛】
[高分句型1].That’s when I saw the expressin f great jy n my mm’s face.（运用了when引导的表语从语）
[高分句型2].By the time f the fair，I was actually prud f her fr putting herself ut there fr us.（运用了动名词作宾语）
[高分句型3].I can see why yu might have been embarrassed，but I had such a great time.（运用了why引导的宾语从句）
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
A
C
B
C
B
D
B
A
D
C
题号
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
答案
B
A
D
C
A
E
C
G
D
B
题号
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
答案
A
C
B
C
B
A
D
C
C
A
题号
31
32
33
34
35





答案
D
B
A
D
B