广东省深圳市龙岗区2024_2025学年高二英语下学期7月期末试题含解析

这是一份广东省深圳市龙岗区2024_2025学年高二英语下学期7月期末试题含解析，共41页。
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第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Imagine cities where buildings breathe like plants, streets flw like rivers, and neighbrhds develp
naturally like frests. This visin is becming real as urban designers use nature-inspired ideas like bimimicry,
permaculture (永久农业), and Feng Shui. Ancient wisdm inspires mdern slutins:
Bimimicry
The Eastgate Centre in Zimbabwe cpies termite munds t stay cl. Its thick brick walls absrb heat by day
and release it at night. Cl air flws in thrugh penings at the bttm, lwering temperatures naturally. This
avids cstly air cnditining, saving ver 50% energy and $3.5 millin cmpared t traditinal building.
Permaculture
Christchurch’s Ōtākar Orchard creates self-sustaining fd systems after a 2011 earthquake. This prject
features 5 public fd frests, 26 cmmunity gardens, 70 fd-prducing gardens in schls, and 26,000 fruit trees
n public land, which help make sure there’s enugh fd in case f disasters.
Feng Shui
Feng Shui makes peple and their surrundings wrk well tgether by balancing the flw f energy, r chi. In
Hng Kng, buildings are put near natural things t bring gd energy. The Bank f China Twer uses triangular
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shapes t help things grw, and the Internatinal Cmmerce Centre has rund edges fr smth energy flw.
Old Ideas, New Uses
Lng ag, the Aztecs made flating gardens. Egyptians built cl huses. Nw, Singapre beautifully mixes
these ld ideas with new nes in its Gardens by the Bay, applying bimimicry, permaculture, and Feng Shui.
Lking Ahead
When cities wrk with nature, they save energy, grw fd, and feel peaceful Want t help? Jin Earth Day’s
talks abut clean energy.
1. What is the advantage f Eastgate Center in Zimbabwe?
A. It is self-sufficient. B. It is energy-saving.
C. It is cnveniently lcated. D. It is traditinally designed.
2. What is special abut Ōtākar Orchard?
A. It embraces Fengshui. B. It survives the earthquake.
C. It feeds lcal cmmunities. D. It wrks like termite munds.
3. Which cmbines the three nature-inspired appraches?
A. The Gardens by the Bay.
B. The Bank f China Twer.
C. The Christchurch’s Ōtākar Orchard.
D. The Internatinal Cmmerce Centre.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了城市设计师如何利用仿生学、永久农业和风水等自然灵感设计城
市，使城市更加节能、可持续且和谐宜居。
【1 题详解】
细节理解题。根据Bimimicry中“The Eastgate Centre in Zimbabwe cpies termite munds t stay cl. Its thick
brick walls absrb heat by day and release it at night. Cl air flws in thrugh penings at the bttm, lwering
temperatures naturally. This avids cstly air cnditining, saving ver 50% energy and $3.5 millin cmpared t
traditinal building. (津巴布韦的 Eastgate Centre 模仿白蚁丘来保持凉爽。它厚厚的砖墙白天吸收热量，晚上
释放热量。冷空气从底部的开口流入，自然降低温度。这避免了昂贵的空调费用，与传统建筑相比，节省
了超过 50%的能源和 350 万美元。)”可知，Eastgate Centre 的优势是节能。故选 B 项。
【2 题详解】
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细节理解题。根据 Permaculture 中“Christchurch’s Ōtākar Orchard creates self-sustaining fd systems after a
2011 earthquake. This prject features 5 public fd frests, 26 cmmunity gardens, 70 fd-prducing gardens in
schls, and 26,000 fruit trees n public land, which help make sure there’s enugh fd in case f disasters. (2011
年地震后，克赖斯特彻奇的Ōtākar Orchard 创建了自给自足的食品系统。该项目包括 5 个公共食物森林、
26 个社区花园、70 个学校食物生产花园和公共土地上的 26,000 棵果树，这些都有助于确保在发生灾难时有
足够的食物。)”可知，Ōtākar Orchard 的特别之处在于它为当地社区提供食物。故选 C 项。
【3 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Old Ideas, New Uses 中“Nw, Singapre beautifully mixes these ld ideas with new nes in
its Gardens by the Bay, applying bimimicry, permaculture, and Feng Shui. (现在，新加坡在其滨海湾花园中巧
妙地将这些古老的理念与新的理念相结合，运用了仿生学、永久农业和风水。)”可知，滨海湾花园（Gardens
by the Bay）结合了三种自然启发的方法。故选 A 项。
B
Li Dngju, a 66-year-ld grandmther frm Zhengzhu, has cycled alne thrugh 12 cuntries acrss Asia,
Eurpe, and Australia. Her jurney began in 2013 when she saw cyclists speeding past. “Befre cycling, I was like
a frg in a well,” she recalls. “Nw I’m a wild wlf — free and fearless!”
In 2005, Li divrced. She struggled with depressin fr years. With nly 3,000 yuan mnthly pensin (退休金),
Li budgeted carefully. T save mney, she wrked as a cleaner and htel dishwasher. Her sn gifted her a flding
bike, and she traveled cheaply by camping r staying with lcals. Her first Sutheast Asia trip left her alne in
Vietnam after lsing her grup. Undeterred, she cntinued t bike acrss China, accmpanied nly by her brwn
pet dg Xili.
In 2017, Li returned t Sutheast Asia, this time better equipped with a smartphne and a travel plan. Her
cmpanins chse t return hme after three weeks, but Li pressed n, cycling thrugh Vietnam, Cambdia,
Thailand, and Myanmar. By 2019, she was ready fr her mst ambitius challenge yet: cycling thrugh six
Eurpean cuntries ver 66 days.
In Nvember, she flew t Australia. As she cycled alng the Pacific Highway, a quiet castal rad, she sptted
smke shting frm nearby brush and alerted the lcal plice with a vide she sht, preventing a serius fire frm
develping. “I was s prud f myself.” Li said. “I felt like I’d dne a little bit fr Australia.”
Thugh she lst her backpack nce, she remembers mst the strangers’ kindness and brings Chinese knts t
shw gratitude t all thse wh have helped her ut f truble during travelling. When the pandemic held up her
travels in 2020, Li realized she’d stpped taking pills fr depressin. Nw planning t ride frm Kazakhstan t
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UAE, she aims fr 100 cuntries “Travel is like a drug,” she smiles. “Once yu taste it, yu can’t stp.”
4. What initially inspired Li Dngju’s cycling jurney?
A. Her dctr’s suggestin. B. Her sn’s encuragement.
C. Seeing passing cyclists. D. Recalling the travel jurnal.
5. What des the underlined wrd “Undeterred” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Nt determined. B. Nt discuraged.
C. Nt identified. D. Nt injured.
6. What did Li d t prevent a fire in Australia?
A. Sund the alarm nearby. B. Put ut the fire with water.
C. Infrm the plice with a vide. D. Guide firefighters t the scene.
7. Which f the fllwing best describes Li’s bike jurney?
A. Tugh but life-changing. B. Lnely but cmfrtable.
C. Cstly but rewarding. D. Brief but meaningful.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了来自郑州的 66 岁奶奶李东菊，2013 年受骑行者启发开启独自骑行
之旅，她经历离婚、抑郁等困境，凭借微薄退休金，通过打工省钱，独自或与宠物狗相伴骑行，游历亚洲、
欧洲、澳大利亚多个国家，在旅途中收获成长，克服抑郁，这段骑行之旅艰苦却改变了她的生活。
【4 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Her jurney began in 2013 when she saw cyclists speeding past.(她的旅程始于
2013 年，当时她看到骑自行车的人飞驰而过)”可知，最初激发李东菊骑行之旅的是看到路过的骑行者。故
选 C 项。
【5 题详解】
词义猜测题。根据前文“Her first Sutheast Asia trip left her alne in Vietnam after lsing her grup.(她的第一次
东南亚之旅，在与团队走散后，她独自留在了越南)”以及后文“she cntinued t bike acrss China,
accmpanied nly by her brwn pet dg Xili.(她继续在中国骑行，只有她棕色的宠物狗希利陪伴着她)”可知，
尽管与团队走散独自在越南，她也没有气馁，继续骑行，所以“Undeterred”意思是“Nt discuraged（不
气馁的）”。故选 B 项。
【6 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In Nvember, she flew t Australia. As she cycled alng the Pacific Highway, a
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quiet castal rad, she sptted smke shting frm nearby brush and alerted the lcal plice with a vide she sht,
preventing a serius fire frm develping.(11 月，她飞往了澳大利亚。当她沿着太平洋公路，一条安静的沿海
公路骑行时，她发现附近灌木丛中冒出浓烟，并用拍摄的视频提醒了当地警方，从而阻止了一场严重火灾
的发生)”可知，李东菊通过拍摄视频通知警方来阻止澳大利亚的火灾。故选 C 项。
【7 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“In 2005, Li divrced. She struggled with depressin fr years. With nly 3,000 yuan
mnthly pensin (退休金), Li budgeted carefully. T save mney, she wrked as a cleaner and htel dishwasher.
Her sn gifted her a flding bike, and she traveled cheaply by camping r staying with lcals. Her first Sutheast
Asia trip left her alne in Vietnam after lsing her grup.(2005 年，李女士离婚了。此后数年，她一直与抑郁症
作斗争。李女士每月仅有 3000 元退休金，因此她精打细算。为了省钱，她当过清洁工和酒店洗碗工。她儿
子送给她一辆折叠自行车，于是她通过露营或借住在当地人家的方式，开启了经济实惠的旅行。她的第一
次东南亚之行，在与团队走散后，她独自留在了越南)”可知，她离婚后与抑郁作斗争，靠微薄退休金和打
工省钱，旅途中还会遇到与团队走散等情况，可知骑行之旅很艰苦；再根据最后一段“Thugh she lst her
backpack nce, she remembers mst the strangers’ kindness and brings Chinese knts t shw gratitude t all thse
wh have helped her ut f truble during travelling. When the pandemic held up her travels in 2020, Li realized
she’d stpped taking pills fr depressin.(虽然她曾经丢过背包，但她最记得的是陌生人的善意，并带上中国结
来感谢所有在旅行中帮助她摆脱困境的人。2020 年疫情阻碍了她的旅行时，李意识到她已经停止服用抗抑
郁药物了)”可知，骑行之旅改变了她的生活，让她克服了抑郁。所以李东菊的骑行之旅艰苦但改变人生。
故选 A 项。
C
The small Paris café was filled with the bitter smell f cffee and peple’s chatting. I sat acrss frm Charles
Strickland at a wden table. Once a wealthy businessman in fine suits, he nw wre an ld cat with white paint
n its sleeves.
When I asked him why he abandned his wife and tw children and mved t this place, he remained calm
and cld, explaining that painting had becme as imprtant t him as breathing t a living creature. Frty years ld
as he was, he believed this was his final pprtunity t change his life. “My relatives will take care f my family,”
he said withut any guilt, as if his children were strangers he had met nly nce.
Fr mre than a year, he had lied t his wife by telling her he was playing cards with friends in the evenings,
but in reality he was taking art classes t learn painting. With his hands shaking slightly, he said in an urgent vice,
“I have t paint. When a man falls int the water, it desn’t matter hw he swims: he has t get ut r else he’ll
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drwn.”
When I asked him “What will yu d if yu never becme successful?” he just repeated, “I have t paint.” His
strng determinatin, which shwed n sign f dubt r regret, made it clear that he had cmpletely turned dwn
the nrmal rules f sciety.
Lking at his wrn shes and fingers with different clrs f paint, I finally said, “Yu have becme a
heartless man.” T my surprise, he just std up calmly, adjusted his ld hat, and suggested, “Let’s g find
smewhere t eat.” Arund us, waiters cleared tables while peple laughed and drank cffee. These happy sunds
felt strange after ur serius talk, like sunshine breaking thrugh strm cluds.
8. What d we knw abut Strickland’s life in Paris?
A. He sught scial recgnitin.
B. He made friends in cafe easily.
C. He felt lnely after leaving his family.
D. He lived prly but pursued painting.
9. What metaphr (隐喻) des Strickland use t explain his situatin in paragraph 3?
A. A drwning man struggling t survive.
B. A shaking hand indicating urgency.
C. A strng breath essential fr life.
D. A friendly player in a card game.
10. Which f the fllwing best describes Strickland?
A. Indifferent but guilty. B. Cld but determined.
C. Selfish but traditinal. D. Stubbrn but regretful.
11. Which real-life situatin reflects the passage?
A. A runner trains fr medals with pain.
B. A scientist breaks rules fr discvery.
C. A student attends schl fr sprts career.
D. A banker writes despite family ppsitin.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了斯特里克兰德为了追求绘画梦想而放弃富裕生活和家庭的故事，
展现了他为了追求艺术而打破常规和不顾一切的决心。
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【8 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Once a wealthy businessman in fine suits, he nw wre an ld cat with white paint
n its sleeves. (他曾经是一个穿着考究的富商，现在却穿着一件袖子上有白漆的旧外套。)”以及第二段中
“Fr mre than a year, he had lied t his wife by telling her he was playing cards with friends in the evenings, but
in reality he was taking art classes t learn painting. (一年多来，他一直对妻子撒谎，说晚上和朋友们打牌，但
实际上他在上艺术课学习绘画。)”可知，斯特里克兰德在巴黎的生活贫困，但他仍在追求绘画。故选 D 项。
【9 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中 Strickland 所说的“When a man falls int the water, it desn’t matter hw he swims:
he has t get ut r else he’ll drwn. (当一个人掉进水里时，他怎么游并不重要：他必须出来，否则就会淹死。
)”可知，斯特里克兰德用“一个溺水的人挣扎求生”来比喻自己的处境，强调他必须画画，否则就会像溺
水者一样“淹死”。故选 A 项。
【10 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句中的“he remained calm and cld (他保持冷静和冷漠)”、第二段最后一句中
的“he said withut any guilt, as if his children were strangers he had met nly nce (他毫无愧疚地说着，仿佛他
的孩子们是他只见过一面的陌生人)”以及第四段中“His strng determinatin, which shwed n sign f dubt
r regret, made it clear that he had cmpletely turned dwn the nrmal rules f sciety. (他坚定的决心，没有丝毫
的怀疑或遗憾，表明他完全拒绝了社会的正常规则。)”可知，斯特里克兰德冷漠但坚定。故选 B 项。
【11 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“When I asked him why he abandned his wife and tw children and mved t this
place, he remained calm and cld, explaining that painting had becme as imprtant t him as breathing t a living
creature. Frty years ld as he was, he believed this was his final pprtunity t change his life. (当我问他为什么
抛弃妻子和两个孩子搬到这个地方时，他保持着冷静和冷漠，解释说绘画对他来说就如同呼吸对于生物一
样重要。尽管他已经四十岁了，但他相信这是他改变人生的最后机会。)”以及第四段中“His strng
determinatin, which shwed n sign f dubt r regret, made it clear that he had cmpletely turned dwn the
nrmal rules f sciety. (他坚定的决心，没有丝毫的怀疑或遗憾，表明他完全拒绝了社会的正常规则。)”可
知，斯特里克兰德为了追求绘画梦想，不惜放弃富裕的生活和家庭，这反映了他为了追求艺术而打破常规、
不顾一切的决心。D 项“A banker writes despite family ppsitin. (银行家不顾家庭反对从事写作。)”与斯
特里克兰德情况相似，都是为了个人追求，放弃原本富裕生活和家庭，打破了社会常规。故选 D 项。
D
Curisity, the rver (探测器) has fund strng evidence that Mars nce had a carbn cycle — a prcess
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crucial fr sustaining life. While examining rcks in Gale Crater, the rver discvered siderite, a special mineral
that frms when carbn mixes with irn. This suggests Mars’ envirnment lng ag was similar t early Earth’s.
The discvery, published in Science n April 17, makes scientists hpeful that future Mars samples might shw
signs f past life.
Lead researcher Ben Tutl, frm the University f Calgary, described the excitement abut the discvery:
“When we realized these rcks cntained s much siderite, I knew its significance immediately.” Fr Earth, carbn
cycle has been key t its habitability — cycling carbn between the air, ceans, and rcks, thus prviding the key
material fr all living things and setting the suitable atmsphere. Mars, despite signs f ancient water, had never
shwn evidence f carbnates until nw. Finding rcks with 5-10% siderite means Mars had a hidden carbn
surce we didn’t knw abut.
Since landing in 2012, Curisity has been explring Gale Crater, drilling int rcks and analyzing them.
Recent tests fund nt just siderite but als magnesium sulfate salts (镁硫酸盐 ), which may have hidden the
carbnates frm satellites. Tutl thinks similar minerals culd exist all ver Mars, pssibly string much f the
planet’s lst CO2 — a gas that nce kept Mars warm.
Hwever, Mars’ carbn cycle appears t have been unstable. Unlike Earth, Mars has n plate tectnics (板块
构造运动) t recycle carbn. Instead, acidic water (PH