山东省聊城市2024-2025学年高一下学期7月期末英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份山东省聊城市2024-2025学年高一下学期7月期末英语试卷（解析版），共17页。
第一节（共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Things haven’t always cme easy fr Karla Vega Cervantes. Having graduated frm high schl at the height f the COVID-19 utbreak, Karla began her Berkeley jurney in 2020 and, like many f her fellw first-year students, struggled with adapting t cllege life. Her schl term started nline, and while she successfully handled her virtual academic (学业的) experience, the change t fully in-persn classes presented new challenges.
“I felt really lnely and islated n campus,” Karla said. That’s when Karla began seeking resurces t find her cmmunity. She began attending events, and thrugh them, she fund the Educatinal Opprtunity Prgram (EOP) and the Undcumented Student Prgram (USP). Karla credits these supprt systems with helping her thrugh sme f her tughest times at Berkeley.
A highlight fr Karla has been attending yield events (招生吸引活动) — the part f the cllege admissins prcess where students have received their acceptance and are deciding whether r nt t attend. “Ging t yield in the spring f my junir year is when I really felt that sense f belnging,” she said.
And despite the challenging experience at the beginning f her cllege jurney, Karla is set t graduate in May, 2025 with a bachelr’s degree in chemical engineering. As she lks t the future, she is cnsidering studying fr a master’s degree and applying her chemical engineering backgrund t the csmetic (化妆品) industry, where she can explre creating prducts that are gentle n dyed hair, which she admits is ne f her favrite hbbies.
“My advice t new students is t think nt nly abut yur academics but als yur supprt systems n campus. Dn’t be scared t reach ut, g t events, r build a cmmunity. Find thse spaces where yu feel like yu belng. That’s hw I fund my sense f belnging at Berkeley,” Karla said.
1. Why did Karla jin different events at first?
A. T feel part f the cmmunity.B. T explre career pprtunities.
C. T imprve academic perfrmance.D. T gain recgnitin frm classmates.
2. What des Karla’s future career plan reflect abut her?
A. She values financial success.B. She ignres academic qualificatins.
C. She cmbines passin with prfessin.D. She stays cntent with her current situatin.
3. What can be learned frm Karla’s stry?
A. Great minds think alike.B. Be gd, r yu will be lnely.
C. Self-belief is the key t success.D. Gd helps thse wh help themselves.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Karla在2020年进入伯克利，初期难适应校园生活，后通过参加活动找到支持系统，将于2025年毕业，计划读研并将专业与爱好结合，还为新生提建议。
【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段““I felt really lnely and islated n campus,” Karla said. That’s when Karla began seeking resurces t find her cmmunity. She began attending events, and thrugh them, she fund the Educatinal Opprtunity Prgram (EOP) and the Undcumented Student Prgram (USP).(“我在校园里感到非常孤独和孤立。”卡拉说道。就在那时，卡拉开始寻找资源，以寻找她的社区。她开始参加各种活动，并通过这些活动，她找到了“教育机会项目”（EOP）和“无证学生项目”（USP）)”可知，卡拉最初参加各种活动是为了感受到自己是这个社区的一员。故选A。
【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“As she lks t the future, she is cnsidering studying fr a master’s degree and applying her chemical engineering backgrund t the csmetic (化妆品) industry, where she can explre creating prducts that are gentle n dyed hair, which she admits is ne f her favrite hbbies.(当她展望未来时，她正在考虑攻读硕士学位，并将自己在化学工程方面的知识应用到化妆品行业。在那里，她可以尝试研发对染过色头发友好的产品，而她也承认这是她最喜欢的一项爱好)”可知，卡拉的未来职业规划体现了她将热情与职业相结合。故选C。
【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““My advice t new students is t think nt nly abut yur academics but als yur supprt systems n campus. Dn’t be scared t reach ut, g t events, r build a cmmunity. Find thse spaces where yu feel like yu belng. That’s hw I fund my sense f belnging at Berkeley,” Karla said.(卡拉说：“我给新生的建议是，不仅要关注学业，还要考虑校园内的支持体系。不要害怕主动联系他人、参加活动或者建立自己的社交圈。找到那些让你有归属感的空间。正是这样，我才在伯克利找到了自己的归属感。”)”以及文章讲述了Karla面临适应困难时，主动参加活动、寻找支持系统，最终找到归属感并顺利毕业，体现了“自助者天助”，故选D。
B
I grew up hearing, “Figure it ut, but dn’t lk it up.” I use this advice when I’m tempted (诱惑) t turn t a search engine fr answers. Shuld all f us limit ur use f technlgy?
Nichlas G. Carr, the authr f The Shallws: What the Internet Is Ding t Our Brains, says that we shuld take sme time away frm screens. “Deep thinking happens nly when ur minds are calm and attentive.” It is difficult t fcus while we are using the Internet. Peple tend t lk up a questin and end up skimming (浏览) thrugh unrelated infrmatin. Sme peple might nt even ntice when they start mindlessly clicking.
David Price, a guest blgger n a website, says that teaching may be getting easier with Ggle because parents can nw use the Internet t help with their kids’ hmewrk. This led me t think abut ur schldays. When my class had a math test, mst f us used calculatrs (计算器) at every chance even thugh everyne in that rm was able t slve each prblem withut them. It’s similar t the Internet; we knw the answers t many questins we search fr. We need t at least attempt t use ur minds fr prblem-slving, r we risk lsing the ability t d s. If we always turn t technlgy fr answers, we’ll never learn anything n ur wn.
Actually, the prblems with technlgy arise nly when it is used in a certain way, but it’s nt the slutin t every prblem. The psitives f technlgy dn’t remve the negatives. It’s time t take a step back frm technlgy and take a break frm ur reliance n it.
4. What may happen when using the Internet accrding t paragraph 2?
A. We’ll find it hard t think deeply.
B. We’ll respnd quickly t infrmatin.
C. We’ll slve prblems mre reasnably.
D. We’ll becme less eager t slve prblems.
5. Why des the authr mentin his schl math test?
A. T shw different learning strategies in varius settings.
B. T stress the imprtance f independent learning.
C. T express his agreement with Price’s pinin.
D. T praise the develpment f technlgy.
6. What is the authr’s pinin n technlgy?
A. It requires thughtful and balanced applicatin.
B. It shuld be develped with cmbined effrts.
C. It shuld encurage mre human creativity.
D. It needs greater availability t serve peple.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文，作者围绕“我们是否应该限制科技的使用”这一话题展开讨论。文中引用了Nichlas G. Carr的观点，指出使用互联网时难以集中注意力，不利于深度思考；又结合自身上学时依赖计算器的经历，类比人们对互联网的过度依赖，认为我们应适当减少对科技的依赖，合理使用科技。
【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中Nichlas G. Carr的观点“Deep thinking happens nly when ur minds are calm and attentive. It is difficult t fcus while we are using the Internet. (只有当我们的思想平静且专注时，才会有深度思考。使用互联网时，我们很难集中注意力。)”可知，使用互联网时，人们难以集中注意力，也就很难进行深度思考。故选A项。
【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“When my class had a math test, mst f us used calculatrs (计算器) at every chance even thugh everyne in that rm was able t slve each prblem withut them. It’s similar t the Internet; we knw the answers t many questins we search fr. We need t at least attempt t use ur minds fr prblem-slving, r we risk lsing the ability t d s. (在数学考试时，尽管大家都能不借助计算器解题，却还是频繁使用。这和使用互联网类似，很多我们搜索的问题其实自己是知道答案的。我们至少需要尝试用自己的大脑去解决问题，否则可能会失去这种能力.)”可知，很多我们搜索的问题其实自己是知道答案的，我们至少需要尝试用自己的大脑去解决问题，否则可能会失去这种能力，可推理出作者提及上学时的数学考试，是为了强调独立学习的重要性，不能过度依赖外部工具。故选B项。
【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Actually, the prblems with technlgy arise nly when it is used in a certain way, but it’s nt the slutin t every prblem. The psitives f technlgy dn’t remve the negatives. It’s time t take a step back frm technlgy and take a break frm ur reliance n it. (事实上，科技的问题只是在以某种方式使用时才会出现，它并非所有问题的解决方案。科技的积极面并不能消除其消极面。是时候远离科技，不再过度依赖它了。)”可知，科技并非所有问题的解决方案，它的积极面并不能消除其消极面，是时候远离科技，不再过度依赖它了，可推理出作者认为科技既有好处也有坏处，我们应该深思熟虑，平衡地使用科技。故选A项。
C
If yu’re ffered a-free ckie, yu might say yes. But if yu’re paid t eat a free ckie, wuld yur respnse be the same? Yu might plitely refuse and walk away thinking, “Smething smells fishy.” In a new study, researchers fund that peple tend t turn dwn ffers f “free mney” because they seem “t gd t be true”.
In the initial experiment, nearly 40 percent f participants ate a ckie ffered freely — cmpared with abut 20 percent f thse ffered an additinal $2. “Peple typically infer hidden csts frm verly generus ffers. In this case, the participants may think the ckies were pisned,” says study lead authr Andrew J. Vnasch. Further experiments, invlving mre than 4,000 participants, used nline questinnaires t present cmmn everyday scenes. In each case, past a certain threshld value (阈值), higher ptential mnetary gain at n cst reduced participants’ likelihd f accepting the ffer.
Vnasch says the study illustrates that, against the “standard ecnmic mdel”, which suppses humans always seek t maximize gains, deals need t be understd as scial interactins between peple trying t read each ther’s minds. If smene seems t g against accepted nrms withut a slid reasn, we assume they have hidden purpses and infer there will be “phantm csts (幻影成本)”.
The researchers als shwed hw t weaken phantm csts’ effect. In ne experiment, participants were given three plane tickets fr the same flight, respectively csting $235, $275, and $205. Mst peple chse the $205 ticket. Hwever, if the third ptin was $15, hardly anyne chse the cheapest ne. They rejected it because they imagined hrrible phantm csts. Hwever, when the researchers accunted fr the incredibly cheap ffer — very uncmfrtable seats — mst participants preferred the $15 flight.
The scientists are als abut t experiment with human and artificial intelligence interactins. “Will peple act the same way when AI is verly generus t them?” Vnasch says. “AI is always prgrammed t appear mre human-like and peple tend t treat AI agents as if they have a mind, when bviusly they dn’t.”
7. What des the underlined part “smells fishy” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Is wrth studying.B. Is hard t realize.
C. Seems untrustwrthy.D. Sunds very appealing.
8. Which f the fllwing ptins will participants mst pssibly refuse?
A. A travel package with a 50% discunt.B. Being ffered cash fr taking a lift hme.
C. A $100 reward fr returning ne’s lst phne.D. Being given a prize fr accepting an interview.
9. What insight can businesses gain frm the “cheap flight” experiment?
A. Keep prices as lw as pssible.B. Offer custmers a variety f ptins.
C. Give explanatins fr vergenerus ffers.D. Adjust pricing fllwing cmpetitrs.
10. What will the researchers investigate in further studies?
A. Hw AI’s respnses impact humans’ expectatins.
B. Hw AI can be prgrammed t be mre human-like.
C. Whether AI can give humans verly generus ffers.
D. Whether we assume phantm csts in human-AI interactins.
【答案】7. C 8. B 9. C 10. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项研究表明，人们会拒绝“天上掉馅饼”式的好处，因觉其有隐藏成本（即“幻影成本”），这与标准经济模型相悖，研究还探讨了减弱该效应的方法及将实验扩展到人机交互的计划。
【7题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“If yu’re ffered a-free ckie, yu might say yes. But if yu’re paid t eat a free ckie, wuld yur respnse be the same?(如果有人递给你一块免费的饼干，你可能会欣然接受。但如果有人付钱让你去吃这块免费的饼干，你的反应会一样吗？)”可知，当人们被付钱吃免费饼干时，可能会拒绝并觉得“smells fishy”，后文“In a new study, researchers fund that peple tend t turn dwn ffers f “free mney” because they seem “t gd t be true”.(在一项新的研究中，研究人员发现，人们往往会拒绝“免费获得金钱”的提议，因为他们觉得这些提议“好得不真实”)”提到这种拒绝是因为优惠“看起来好得不像真”（t gd t be true），暗示可疑或不可信，故划线短语的意思是“似乎不可信”。故选C。
【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“In the initial experiment, nearly 40 percent f participants ate a ckie ffered freely — cmpared with abut 20 percent f thse ffered an additinal $2. “Peple typically infer hidden csts frm verly generus ffers. In this case, the participants may think the ckies were pisned,” says study lead authr Andrew J. Vnasch.(在最初的实验中，近 40%的参与者随意接受了提供的饼干，而那些额外获得 2 美元奖励的参与者中这一比例约为 20%。“人们通常会从过于慷慨的提议中推断出潜在的隐性成本。在这种情况下，参与者可能会认为这些饼干有毒。”研究的主要作者安德鲁·J·沃纳沙说道)”可知，人们对“过于慷慨”或“反常”优惠的怀疑，尤其是无额外成本却获得高收益的提议（如付钱吃免费饼干），故参与者最有可能拒绝被提出用现金奖励的方式让他们搭乘交通工具回家。故选B。
【9题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The researchers als shwed hw t weaken phantm csts’ effect. In ne experiment, participants were given three plane tickets fr the same flight, respectively csting $235, $275, and $205. Mst peple chse the $205 ticket. Hwever, if the third ptin was $15, hardly anyne chse the cheapest ne. They rejected it because they imagined hrrible phantm csts. Hwever, when the researchers accunted fr the incredibly cheap ffer — very uncmfrtable seats — mst participants preferred the $15 flight.(研究人员还展示了如何削弱“幻影成本”的影响。在一项实验中，参与者获得了三张同一航班的机票，价格分别为235美元、275美元和205美元。大多数人选择了205美元的机票。然而，如果第三个选项是15美元，几乎没有人会选择价格最低的那张票。他们拒绝选择它是因为他们想象到了可怕的“幻觉成本”。然而，当研究人员考虑到这个极其便宜的选项——非常不舒服的座位时，大多数参与者更倾向于选择15美元的航班)”可知，企业可通过解释原因（如明确潜在缺点）来消除客户疑虑，提高对“过于慷慨”优惠的接受度。故选C。
【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“The scientists are als abut t experiment with human and artificial intelligence interactins. “Will peple act the same way when AI is verly generus t them?” Vnasch says. “AI is always prgrammed t appear mre human-like and peple tend t treat AI agents as if they have a mind, when bviusly they dn’t.”(科学家们还将开展有关人类与人工智能互动的实验。沃纳斯奇说：“当人工智能对人们过于慷慨时，人们会做出同样的反应吗？人工智能总是被设定为表现得更像人类，而人们往往会把人工智能代理当作有思维的存在来对待，但实际上它们根本就没有思维。”)”可知，研究人员在后续研究中将会探究我们在人与人工智能的交互过程中是否需要考虑虚拟成本。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have yu ever fund yurself in the middle f a cnflict? Hw are yu suppsed t make things better withut cmpletely giving in t the ther party? ____11____ There are practical steps yu can take t imprve the situatin and make things right.
____12____ Befre jumping int a cnversatin, take a mment t understand the issue at hand, because preparedness is the key. Yu shuld give yurself sme time t figure ut what’s actually trubling yu. Try t separate yur wants frm yur needs, s yur future cnversatins can be as prductive as pssible.
Lighten the cnversatin with psitive bdy language. Yur bdy language can significantly impact the directin f the cnversatin. ____13____ Try keeping yur bdy language neutral (中立的) if yu’re having difficulty staying calm. Fr example, avid crssing yur arms r turning away when the ther persn speaks. Simple gestures, like a gentle tuch r an active, thughtful respnse, can help guide the cnversatin in a mre relaxed directin.
Talk abut the present instead f the past. In a cnflict, peple ften bring up past fault. Whether yu made a. mistake in the past r the ther persn said smething rude mnths ag, discussing the past wn’t help yu slve whatever is happening nw. In fact, it can make things wrse. ____14____
Listen carefully t the ther party. ____15____ Shw that yu’re listening by repeating the key pints that the ther persn makes. And yu can summarize their main pints r ask questins t clarify any misunderstandings. This helps ensure yu’re bth n the same page and that the cnversatin stays prductive.
A. Take it easy.
B. Stand in the ther party’s shes.
C. Fcus n the ther persn’s bdy language.
D. Be clear abut what the exact prblem is.
E. Nervus bdy language wrsens cnversatins.
F. Let the ther persn share their ideas withut cutting in.
G. Instead, fcus n the current issue and wrk tgether t find a slutin.
【答案】11. A 12. D 13. E 14. G 15. F
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了在遇到冲突时，如何在不完全向对方妥协的情况下改善局面、解决问题的几个实用步骤，包括保持从容、明确问题、注意肢体语言、关注当下以及认真倾听等。
【11题详解】根据上文“Have yu ever fund yurself in the middle f a cnflict? Hw are yu suppsed t make things better withut cmpletely giving in t the ther party?(你是否曾经发现自己陷入冲突之中？如何在不完全向对方妥协的情况下让事情好转呢？)”以及下文“There are practical steps yu can take t imprve the situatin and make things right.(你可以采取一些实际的步骤来改善情况，让事情变得正确)”可知，上文说的是如何在不完全向对方妥协的情况下让事情好转，下文说的是采取一些实际的步骤来改善情况，让事情变得正确，可推理出此处需要一句承上启下的话，承接上文提出的冲突困境，引出下文的解决步骤。A选项“Take it easy(放轻松)”符合语境，起到了安抚情绪、引出下文解决方法的作用。故选A项。
【12题详解】根据下文“Befre jumping int a cnversatin, take a mment t understand the issue at hand, because preparedness is the key. Yu shuld give yurself sme time t figure ut what’s actually trubling yu.(在开始对话之前，花点时间了解手头的问题，因为做好准备是关键。你应该给自己一些时间弄清楚到底是什么在困扰你)”可知，上文说的是要花点时间了解手头的问题，弄清楚到底是什么在困扰你，可推理出空白处表达的是要明确你的问题是什么，D选项“Be clear abut what the exact prblem is(明确确切的问题是什么)”能够概括该段主旨，适合作为本段的主题句。故选D项。
【13题详解】根据上文“Yur bdy language can significantly impact the directin f the cnversatin(你的肢体语言会显著影响对话的方向)”以及下文“Try keeping yur bdy language neutral if yu’re having difficulty staying calm.(如果你难以保持冷静，试着让你的肢体语言保持中立)”可知，上文说的是肢体语言会显著影响对话的方向，下文说的是如果你难以保持冷静，试着让你的肢体语言保持中立，可推理出空白处表示的是不好的肢体语言的负面影响，E选项“Nervus bdy language wrsens cnversatins.(紧张的肢体语言会使对话变得更糟)”表达的含义符合语境。故选E项。
【14题详解】根据上文“In a cnflict, peple ften bring up past fault. Whether yu made a mistake in the past r the ther persn said smething rude mnths ag, discussing the past wn’t help yu slve whatever is happening nw. In fact, it can make things wrse(在冲突中，人们经常提起过去的过错。无论你过去犯了错误，还是对方几个月前说了粗鲁的话，讨论过去都无助于解决现在发生的事情。事实上，这会让事情变得更糟)”可知，上文强调讨论过去不好，会让事情变得更糟，可推理出空白处应该提出相反的做法，即关注当下。G选项“Instead, fcus n the current issue and wrk tgether t find a slutin(相反，专注于当前的问题，共同努力找到解决方案)”符合语境，“instead”承接上文，引出正确的做法。故选G项。
【15题详解】根据上文“Listen carefully t the ther party(认真倾听对方)”以及下文“Shw that yu’re listening by repeating the key pints that the ther persn makes(通过重复对方提出的要点来表明你在倾听)”可知，上文说的是要认真倾听对方，下文说的是通过重复对方提出的要点来表明你在倾听，可推理出此处是在讲倾听时的具体做法。F选项“Let the ther persn share their ideas withut cutting in(让对方分享他们的想法，不要插嘴)”是认真倾听的表现之一，符合语境，与下文的内容相衔接。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分35分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On the sprts field, athletes cmpete nt nly with thers but against themselves. And in each race, they try t ____16____ their persnal best recrds.
Fr Brandn Schutt, his final crss-cuntry race wasn’t abut clcking the fastest time, but abut demnstrating his ____17____. A mile int the 3.1-mile race, Schutt realized he culdn’t maintain the expected speed, s he decided t ____18____ the race instead, slwing dwn t a cmfrtable pace.
Blake Cerveny, anther runner, aimed t achieve a new persnal best. After a fast start, he cntinued t push himself ____19____. Hwever, with less than 400 meters t g, his legs cramped up (抽筋), causing him t ____20____.
Hwever, Cerveny was ____21____. He rse frm the grund and cntinued n his way, nly t fall again after anther 150 meters. Feeling ____22____, his cach asked Cerveny if he wanted t ____23____. He didn’t. The yung runner pulled himself up and with ____24____ steps, he mved frward. At 100 meters frm the finish line, he ____25____ curled (蜷缩的) n the grund. His legs had simply given ut. Then Schutt went t Cerveny and ffered a ____26____ hand.
Thugh his first ____27____ t get Cerveny up failed, with a secnd try, Cerveny was n his feet. The tw ____28____ the final 75 meters. In tday’s cmpetitive wrld, the ____29____ f athletics is usually put n breaking recrds. It is inspiring t see that fr athletes like Schutt, the value f true ____30____ still mattered.
16. A. beatB. maintainC. trackD. accept
17. A. gdnessB. determinatinC. patienceD. cmpetitiveness
18. A. lengthenB. enjyC. bserveD. dminate
19. A. slightlyB. carefullyC. hardD. aside
20. A. hesitateB. cllapseC. recverD. return
21. A. clear-headedB. high-spiritedC. well-preparedD. strng-willed
22. A. cnfusedB. amusedC. disappintedD. cncerned
23. A. g nB. calm dwnC. give upD. catch up
24. A. unbalancedB. unadjustedC. unaffectedD. unskilled
25. A. wavedB. layC. sighedD. std
26. A. lngingB. helpingC. greetingD. guiding
27. A. experimentB. respnsibilityC. requestD. attempt
28. A. recrdedB. valuedC. measuredD. cmpleted
29. A. authrityB. characteristicC. imprtanceD. permissin
30. A. sprtsmanshipB. cperatinC. wrkmanshipD. independence
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. B 19. C 20. B 21. D 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. C 30. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述越野赛中，Brandn Schutt放弃创佳绩，帮助腿部抽筋多次摔倒的Blake Cerveny，两人一同完成比赛，彰显真正的体育精神。
【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在每一场比赛中，他们都试图打破自己的个人最佳记录。A. beat打破；B. maintain维持；C. track追踪；D. accept接受。根据下文“their persnal best recrds”以及语境可知，这里指运动员比赛时会努力打破自己的最佳记录，beat符合语境。故选A项。
【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于Brandn Schutt来说，他最后的越野赛跑不是为了跑出最快的时间，而是为了展示他的决心。A. gdness善良；B. determinatin决心；C. patience耐心；D. cmpetitiveness竞争力。根据下文“ the race instead, slwing dwn t a cmfrtable pace”以及语境可知， 后文提到Schutt因无法保持速度而选择调整节奏，但依然坚持完成比赛，体现了他参加比赛的“决心”，而非单纯追求速度或竞争。故选B项。
【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在3.1英里的比赛中跑了一英里后，Schutt意识到自己无法保持预期的速度，于是他决定享受比赛，放慢速度，保持舒适的节奏。A. lengthen延长；B. enjy享受；C. bserve观察；D. dminate主导。根据下文 “slwing dwn t a cmfrtable pace”可知，Schutt决定不再追求突破自己了，而是享受比赛，enjy符合语境。故选B项。
【19题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一开始跑得很快之后，他继续奋力向前。A. slightly轻微地；B. carefully仔细地；C. hard努力地；D. aside在旁边。根据上文“aimed t achieve a new persnal best”可知，这里指他努力拼搏准备突破自我，push neself hard，表示“奋力拼搏”，符合语境。故选C项。
【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在还剩不到400米的时候，他的腿抽筋了，导致他摔倒了。A. hesitate犹豫；B. cllapse摔倒；C. recver恢复；D. return返回。根据下文“He rse frm the grund”可知，这里指他摔倒了，cllapse符合语境。故选B项。
【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，Cerveny意志坚定。A. clear-headed头脑清醒的；B. high-spirited兴致勃勃的；C. well-prepared准备充分的；D. strng-willed意志坚定的。根据下文“He rse frm the grund and cntinued n his way”以及语境可知，他意志坚定，决定继续坚持跑完，strng-willed符合语境。故选D项。
【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：教练很担心，问Cerveny是否想放弃。A. cnfused困惑的；B. amused好笑的；C. disappinted失望的；D. cncerned担心的。根据上文“nly t fall again after anther 150 meters”以及语境可知，这里指Cerveny多次摔倒，教练会担心他是否还可以继续完成比赛，cncerned符合语境。故选D项。
【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：教练很担心，问Cerveny是否想放弃。A. g n继续；B. calm dwn冷静；C. give up放弃；D. catch up赶上。根据上文“nly t fall again after anther 150 meters”以及语境可知，Cerveny状况不佳，教练询问他是否要放弃，give up符合语境。故选C项。
【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位年轻的赛跑运动员站起来，迈着不稳的步伐向前移动。A. unbalanced不稳的；B. unadjusted未调整的；C. unaffected未受影响的；D. unskilled不熟练的。根据上文“his legs cramped up (抽筋)”以及语境可知，这里指Cerveny腿抽筋且多次摔倒，步伐会不稳，unbalanced符合语境。故选A项。
【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在距离终点线100米处，他蜷缩着躺在地上。A. waved挥手；B. lay躺；C. sighed叹气；D. std站。根据下文“curled (蜷缩的) n the grund”以及语境可知，这里指他躺在地上，lay符合语境。故选B项。
【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Schutt走向Cerveny，伸出了援助之手。A. lnging渴望的；B. helping帮助的；C. greeting问候的；D. guiding指导的。根据下文“Thugh his first t get Cerveny up failed, with a secnd try, Cerveny was n his feet. ”以及语境可知，Schutt帮助Cerveny站起来，他伸出援助之手，helping符合语境。故选B项。
【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然他第一次尝试扶起Cerveny失败了，但第二次尝试时，Cerveny站了起来。A. experiment实验；B. respnsibility责任；C. request请求；D. attempt尝试。根据下文“with a secnd try”可知，此处指第一次尝试失败了，attempt符合语境。故选D项。
【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：两人一起完成了最后的75米。A. recrded记录；B. valued重视；C. measured测量；D. cmpleted完成。根据下文“the final 75 meters”以及语境可知，这里指他们一起跑完了剩下的路程，cmpleted符合语境。故选D项。
【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在当今这个竞争激烈的世界，人们通常把体育运动的重要性放在破纪录上。A. authrity权威；B. characteristic特征；C. imprtance重要性；D. permissin许可。根据上文“ they try t their persnal best recrds.”以及语境语境，这里指人们看重体育运动中破纪录的重要性，imprtance符合语境。故选C项。
【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到像Schutt这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然重要，这很鼓舞人心。A. sprtsmanship体育精神；B. cperatin合作；C. wrkmanship工艺；D. independence独立。根据上文“Then Schutt went t Cerveny and ffered a hand.”以及语境可知，Schutt帮助竞争对手，体现了体育精神，sprtsmanship符合语境。故选A项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据提示完成句子，在相应位置填入1个适当的完整单词，注意所填单词的形式。
31. The explsin __________(发生) arund 8 ’clck last night, right befre ur unbelieving eyes. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】ccurred
【详解】考查动词、时态。句意：爆炸发生在昨晚 8 点左右，就在我们难以置信的眼前。根据首字母和中文提示可知，以字母 开头且表示“发生”含义的表达为ccur，根据时间状语 arund 8 ’clck last night 可知句子表示的是过去发生的动作，此处应用一般过去时。故填ccurred。
32. The success r f__________(失败) f the plan depends n yu. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】failure
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个计划的成败取决于你。名词failure作为“失败”之意，为不可数名词。根据汉语提示及句意，故填failure。
33. She refused t allw the e__________(展出) f her husband’s wrk. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】exhibitin
【详解】考查名词。句意：她拒绝展出她丈夫的作品。根据空格前的冠词 the可知，空格处应填名词作动词allw的宾语，结合汉语提示“展出”是exhibitin，此处为不可数名词。故填exhibitin。
34. The a__________(平均) scre f ur grup rse by 5.2%, which was beynd everyne’s expectatin. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】average
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们组的平均分上升了5.2%，这超出了所有人的预期。根据首字母和中文提示可知，此处使用形容词average，修饰名词scre，作定语。故填average。
35. All d__________(捐献) bld is tested fr HIV and ther infectins. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】dnated
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：所有捐献的血液都经过了艾滋病病毒和其他感染的检测。根据首字母和中文提示可知，以字母 d 开头且表示“捐献”含义的表达为dnate，此处修饰名词 bld，应用其过去分词形式作定语，表示“被捐献的”，故填dnated。
36. A faint blue light s__________(射出) acrss it, and presently she culd see the image f her sn, wh lived n the ther side f the earth. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】sht
【详解】考查动词、时态。句意：一道微弱的蓝光射过它，很快她就看到了住在地球另一端的儿子的影像。根据首字母和中文提示可知，以字母 s 开头且表示“射出”含义的表达为sht，根据下文“wh lived n the ther side f the earth(住在地球另一端)”可知，句子表示的是过去发生的动作，此处应用一般过去时，sht 的过去式为 sht。故填sht。
37. It tk sme tw hurs befre the c__________(人群) was fully dispersed. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】crwd
【详解】考查名词。句意：大约花了两个小时人群才完全散开。根据首字母和中文提示可知，以字母 c 开头且表示“人群”含义的表达为crwd，因空白处在从句中做主语，结合 was 可知，应用名词单数形式。故填crwd。
38. Recent years have witnessed the changes in public a__________(态度) t marriage. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】attitude
【详解】考查名词。句意：近年来，公众对于婚姻的看法发生了变化。根据中英文提示可知用名词attitude，作宾语。故填attitude。
39. He knew I was e________ (精力充沛的) and dynamic and wuld get things dne. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】energetic
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他知道我是精力充沛的、充满活力的，并且会把事情做好。“精力充沛的”为energetic，作表语。故填energetic。
40. Feeling e__________(极度) discuraged, I almst gave up. But I vercame my fear with the supprt f my teachers and friends. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】extremely
【详解】考查副词。句意：我感到极度沮丧，几乎要放弃了。但在老师和朋友们的支持下，我克服了恐惧。根据首字母和中文提示可知，以字母 e 开头且表示“极度”含义的表达为extremely，此处修饰形容词discuraged，应用副词形式。故填extremely。
第三节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
A
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Finning wuld have an unexpected effect upn Peter Benchley, the man wh wrte the bk the film Jaws was based n. In 1980, Benchley ____41____ (dive) when he came acrss an awful sight. It was an area where fishermen were finning, and the sea flr was cvered with ____42____ (die) sharks. Benchley saw sharks being killed ____43____ this caused deep change in him. He came t see peple ____44____ a danger t sharks, rather than the ther way rund. Frm that day n, he fught t prtect sharks.
【答案】41. was diving 42. dead 43. and 44. as
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了《大白鲨》原著作者Peter Benchley在目睹渔民割鳍行为后，对鲨鱼的态度发生转变，转而致力于保护鲨鱼的故事。
【41题详解】考查固定句型。句意：1980年，Benchley正在潜水时，偶然看到了可怕的一幕。was/were ding sth. when...是固定句型，意为“正在……，这时……”，主语Benchley是专有名词，助动词用was，故填was diving。
【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：那是一个渔民割鳍的区域，海底布满了死鲨鱼。空白处修饰名词sharks，应使用形容词作定语；die的形容词形式是dead，故填dead。
【43题详解】考查连词。句意：Benchley看到鲨鱼被杀害，这给他带来了深刻的改变。根据“Benchley saw sharks being killed(Benchley看到鲨鱼被杀害)”和“this caused deep change in him(这给他带来了深刻的改变)”可知，前后分句之间是并列关系，应用连词and连接，故填and。
【44题详解】考查介词。句意：他开始认为人类是鲨鱼的威胁，而不是相反。根据“a danger t sharks(一个对鲨鱼的威胁)”可知此处表达的是把人类看作是对鲨鱼的威胁，空白处应填表示“作为”含义的介词，且“”是固定短语，意为“把…… 看作……”，符合语境，故填as。
B
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Later, Ryan’s experience led him t set up a fundatin t encurage mre peple t help. Many ____45____ (inspire) peple gave him their supprt. Ryan’s fundatin cntinues t attract supprt frm mre and mre peple, s the wrk f ____46____ (build) mre wells can g n. Tday, ver 800,000 peple in 16 cuntries acrss Africa have benefited frm the life-changing gift f clean, safe water.
【答案】45. inspired 46. building
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Ryan建立基金会鼓励人们帮助非洲建造水井的故事。
【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：许多受到鼓舞的人都支持他。空处修饰名词peple，应用形容词作定语，inspire的形容词形式有inspiring和inspired。inspiring意思是“鼓舞人心的”，常用来修饰物；inspired意思是“受到鼓舞的”，常用来修饰人，此处修饰名词peple，表示许多受到鼓舞的人，应用inspired。故填inspired。
【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Ryan的基金会继续吸引越来越多的人的支持，所以建造更多水井的工作可以继续下去。作介词f的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填building。
C
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Okay, I’d better mve n. And yu’re really ging t lve what’s cming up next. It’s the ne and nly Mna Lisa. The painting is a lt smaller than yu wuld expect, and ____47____ (prtect) by glass. But frm here I can get a gd view ____48____ (shw) yu. When I lk int her eyes it seems she has a mind f her wn! One mment she seems t be laughing at me, but then again I catch a sense f ____49____ (sad) in her smile. I guess that’s ____50____ she attracts s many visitrs every day.
【答案】47. is prtected 48. t shw 49. sadness 50. why
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，作者描述了自己观赏《蒙娜丽莎》这幅画时的感受和想法。
【47题详解】考查被动语态。句意：这幅画比你想象的要小得多，而且被玻璃保护着。谓语动词prtect与主语The painting之间是被动关系，且描述的是客观事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数，故填is prtected。
【48题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但从这里我可以很好地看到它并展示给你。此处应填入非谓语动词作目的状语，表示“为了展示给你”，所以用动词不定式，故填t shw。
【49题详解】考查名词。句意：有一刻她似乎在嘲笑我，但接着我又从她的微笑中捕捉到一丝悲伤。此处应填入名词作宾语，sad的名词形式是sadness，表示“悲伤”，为不可数名词，故填sadness。
【50题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：我想这就是她每天吸引这么多游客的原因。本句为包含表语从句的复合句，从句缺少状语，表示“……的原因”，所以用连接副词why引导表语从句，故填why。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
51. 假定你是李华，你校英语社团正在征集暑期志愿者活动计划，请你写一封邮件投稿，内容包括：
1. 活动内容及安排；
2. 活动的意义。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sir,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir,
I'm Li Hua frm the schl English club. The plan I'd like t prpse is rganizing a summer vlunteer activity at a nearby nursing hme, which is presently in great need f care and attentin. Teaching the elderly there sme basic English, like simple greetings and daily expressins, can be a meaningful task. Vlunteering there will bring them warmth and jy, which is the significance f this activity. It's a wnderful chance fr us t practice English and spread lve.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a cld mrning and the sft glden light f the sun painted the classrm walls. As the schl bell rang, silence fell upn the rm. Miss Sbia, ur English teacher, entered with a bright, sunshine-like smile and warmth that envelped all f us. Her gentle vice caught ur attentin as she began a lessn abut the pwer f wrds. Her unique vcabulary and phrases transprted us int a wrld where language was a mix f emtins and ideas.
On that day, Miss Sbia had a surprise fr us, an assignment that wuld take us beynd the limitatins f ur textbks. “Next mnth, my yung writers,” she said, “we will explre the wnders f strytelling by sharing ur wn mini-adventures. We can call it a speaking class in which each ne f us will cme and tell ur pints f view r stries.”
Excitement spread thrugh the classrm as we started this creative activity. Ideas flded within us like uncntrllable waves and ur pens danced acrss the pages, giving life t ur imaginatin. Days turned int weeks and each passing mment allwed us t perfect ur stries with Miss Sbia’s patient guidance. Her strng belief in ur abilities inspired us t reach beynd ur cmfrt znes t explre unknwn territries f ur minds.
Then, ne sunny afternn, as I sat beneath a mang tree in the schlyard, I fund myself lst in a wrld f my wn creatin. The pages f my draft fluttered (翻动) with a tale that had taken n a life f its wn.
But suddenly a gust f wind tk my precius creatin away frm my hands, leaving me shcked and heartbrken. The stry I had written with all my hard wrk and lve, a part f me, blew away like autumn leaves. Panic filled me as I desperately ran after the runaway pages, but they went far away frm my reach, teasing (戏弄) me with every gust f wind. Tears began welling up in my eyes.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为100左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
That is when Miss Sbia appeared, a ray f sunshine in my darkest hur.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
That is when Miss Sbia appeared, a ray f sunshine in my darkest hur. She saw my trembling hands and tear-streaked face. Withut a wrd, she knelt beside me, gathering sme f the runaway pages that had settled near the bushes. Her calm presence instantly sthed my panic. “Smetimes,” she said sftly, her vice warm and reassuring, “the wind carries away ur wrds, but it can never steal the stry living in ur hearts and minds. What yu created isn’t lst; it’s still here.” She gently tapped my head. “Remember the feeling, the passin. Yu can rewrite it, even better.” Her wrds, filled with wisdm and faith, dried my tears and rekindled my curage. Inspired, I picked up my pen, ready t breathe life back int my tale n a new page.