北京市丰台区2024-2025学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题（含答案）含答案解析

这是一份北京市丰台区2024-2025学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题（含答案）含答案解析，共13页。试卷主要包含了 07， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2025. 07
考生须知
1. 答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、班级、姓名、教育ID号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的教育ID号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。
2. 本次练习所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。
3. 请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在练习卷、草稿纸上答题无效。
4. 本练习卷满分共100分，作答时长90分钟。
一、完形填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The muntain air carried a hint f clness as Ursula Bannister stepped nt the familiar trail leading t High Rck Lkut. It was a ____1____ she had kept fr 23 years t hnr her mther’s memry. The path, ____2____ memries f past visits, seemed t have welcmed her. But this year, fate (命运) had ther plans.
The path turned uneven (崎岖的). Her ft caught n a hidden rt, and a sharp crack (裂缝) split the air. ____3____ sht thrugh her leg. She ____4____, but the silence swallwed her cries. Fear began t spread thrugh her heart as minutes ticked by. Ursula felt that a chill wrmed its way int her bnes, nt just frm the muntain air but frm the grwing sense f lneliness.
Just as hpelessness started t take hld, a rustle in the trees annunced the arrival f Try May and Laytn Allen. Their sudden ____5____ brught a flicker f hpe. Withut hesitatin, they stepped frward. Try carefully lifted her nt his back. Laytn walked alngside, ffering supprt and cnversatin t take her mind ff the ____6____.
As they jurneyed dwn the muntain, Ursula’s fear ____7____ eased. Try’s steady steps and Laytn’s calming wrds created a sense f safety. Laytn shared stries and listened t Ursula’s talks abut her mther, linking the ____8____ t the deeper reasn behind her presence there.
At the bttm they gently placed her int a car that tk her t the hspital. Lking at her rescuers, Ursula felt deeply grateful. In her darkest mment f fear and lneliness, strangers had shwn amazing ____9____ and strength Ursula realized that even in darkness, the light f humanity culd shine thrugh, creating meaningful bnds between strangers. The muntain, hlding memries f her mther, became the stage fr a new lessn — the pwer f selfless ____10____.
1. A. dreamB. traditinC. hbbyD. training
2 A. examiningB. respectingC. missingD. hlding
3. A. PainB. FearC. SurpriseD. Calm
4. A. ran awayB. called utC. gave upD. set ff
5. A. successB. appearanceC. changeD. challenge
6. A. determinatinB. effrtC. sufferingD. mistake
7. A. hardlyB. graduallyC. carefullyD. usually
8. A. tirednessB. interestC. memryD. accident
9. A. kindnessB. adventureC. hnestyD. discvery
10. A. teamwrkB. passinC. cnnectinD. service
二、阅读理解 (共16小题；每小题2.5分，共40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Art & Science: Fun Experiments t Try
Science helps artists try new ideas. Want t create better art? Understand the science behind it! Nw, let’s try fur experiments cnnecting science and art.
Wet Wall Painting
D yu knw Wet Wall Painting-painting n wet plaster (灰泥)? Try this: Mix crnstarch (玉米淀粉) and water t make sticky mixture. Paint n it. The mixture acts like real plaster-it takes in paint water making clrs brighter. This scientific methd helps art stay beautiful fr hundreds f years.
Ink Clr Secret
Are all black markers the same? Use filter paper (滤纸) t find ut. Draw a dt with a black marker. Put the paper’s edge in water. As the water rises, it separates ink int different clrs. Yu might see blue r yellw! This methd, called clr separatin, helps make perfect ink clrs.
Cream Art Design
Make clrful patterns with shaving (剃须) cream. Spread cream n a plate, add fd clring drps. Mix clrs with a stick. Press paper n tp. The sap in the cream has tw special parts-sme attract water, thers push it away. When pressed, these special parts lck in clrs in varius patterns, and each pattern lks new and different!
Mving Picture Magic
Make a flipbk (翻页书) with sticky ntes. Draw small changes n each page-like a ball buncing (弹跳). Flip the pages quickly t see the mvement! Large changes between pictures make the mvement brken; small changes prduce smth mving images—exactly hw cartn mvies wrk. This shws hw ur brains might use visual clues t fill in missing infrmatin.
These experiments shw what science has t d with art. By understanding science, artists can cmplete their wrks mre creatively.
11. What materials are used in Wet Wall Painting?
A. Water and crnstarch.B. Filter paper and water.
C. Cream and fd clring.D. Sticky ntes and markers.
12. Which f the fllwing experiments is Ink Clr Secret?
A. B. C. D.
13. The flipbk experiment mainly shws ________.
A. ways t create sticky ntesB. the science behind cartn mvies
C. hw t use clearer visual cluesD. hw t draw larger changes n pages
14. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T develp science theries.B. T shw science in art.
C. T ffer art lessns.D. T explain science subjects.
B
Sia Gdika was 13 when she nticed the bareft children f cnstructin wrkers at a building site near her huse in Bangalre.
“Their feet were bare. Cracked. Hard. Dirty. Bleeding,” reflects Sia, nw 17. “They were just walking arund that building site like it was an everyday practice fr them.” And it was at that mment that Sia realised the trubling cntrast t her wn privilege (特权). Later that year, with the help f her parents and cmmunity vlunteers, Sia funded Sle Warrirs, an rganizatin that wrks t prvide shes t thse in need. It has a mtt: “Dnate a sle (鞋底), save a sul.” The idea, which started as a dinner cnversatin with her parents, quickly grew. After Sia spread the wrd with psters and WhatsApp grups, messages frm peple wh wanted t help came flding in.
Fr mnths, Sia was juggling (同时应付) schlwrk and her new passin prject. “I was up till 2 a. m. creating Excel sheets t see which apartment buildings we culd apprach fr dnatins and cntacting peple.”
In its first dnatin drive, Sle Warrirs cllected and gave ut 700 pairs f shes. Tday that number stands at arund 28,000 acrss fur cuntries, including the United States, China and Liberia, thanks t the hard wrk f a cre team f abut 80 vlunteers.
But the rganizatin’s grwth wasn’t withut its challenges. When it came t lking fr cllabratrs (合作者), the main difficulty was finding a cmpany that wuld free f charge d the repairs and clean up the shes t lk like new, Sia faced ne prblem after anther befre finding a partner.
“Being a 13-year-ld, I did face a lt f bias (偏见), because at my age, peple were less willing t hear me ut,” says Sia.
In recgnitin f her impact, in 2021 Sia was given the Diana Award, ne f the mst respected hnurs a yung persn can receive. But her wrk isn’t dne. “Our gal has always been t tuch a millin feet,” she says.
15. Hw did Sia feel when she saw children walking bareft?
A. Nervus.B. Curius.C. Puzzled.D. Shcked.
16. What was the biggest challenge Sia met in develping Sle Warrirs?
A. Lack f vlunteer enthusiasm.B. Finding a cmpany t repair shes fr free.
C. Cllecting enugh dnated ftwear.D. Balancing her schlwrk and charity wrk
17. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Sia?
A. Determined and caring.B. Hnest and mdest.
C. Generus and strict.D. Gifted and ambitius.
18. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the passage?
A. Sle Warrirs, Bright FutureB. A Jurney f a Thusand Miles
C. Walking in smene else’s shesD. Bareft Children’s Big Dream
C
Making predictins blcks the brain’s ability t remember the present mment, new research suggests. The hippcampus, a brain structure usually assciated with remembering events, als uses experiences t make frecasts (neurscientists call this “statistical learning”). But scientists writing in the Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences USA have nw demnstrated that the latter (后者) functin can interrupt the frmer.
Researchers shwed participants a series f phtgraphs n a screen withut telling them sme image categries always fllwed thers: muntains always came immediately after beaches, fr example. The subjects were intended t subcnsciusly (潜意识地) learn these assciatins and begin t expect these pairings. Later, the participants were shwn the same phts again, mixed in with new examples, and were asked if they had sptted any f them befre. They accurately recalled seeing randm images at a much better rate than the “predictive” nes (like the beach pictures).
The scientists repeated this prcess while scanning participants’ brains with functinal MRI. Each image categry caused a specific neural activity pattern, and the patterns fr “predicable” categries were seen in the hippcampus when the crrelating predictive categry was displayed. Mrever, the effect’s strength in fMRI crrelated inversely with participants’ memry task scres. “The mre evidence fr predictin we saw, the wrse their memry was fr thse predictive items,” such as a particular beach scene, says study lead authr and Yale University cgnitive neurscientist Brynn Sherman. This suggests that predictive images activated the hippcampus t shift gears tward predictin — and away frm encding a new memry.
The study is amng the first t demnstrate hw making predictins affects human memry. Scientists previusly suspected that the hippcampus had a rle in statistical learning but had nt knwn hw it interacts with memry frmatin. “This paper is a really nice demnstratin f the trade-ff where the hippcampus is ding bth these things,” says University f Virginia cgnitive neurscientist Nicle Lng, wh was nt invlved in the research.
The team says this trade-ff ccurs because remembering and predicting bth use sme f the same bilgical pathways. In the paper, the authrs cmpare it with “using ne’s right ft t perate bth the brake and gas pedals in a car ... but nt bth at the same time.” This setup culd prevent unnecessary memry strage and thus cnserve brainpwer, Sherman says: a successful predictin wuld cntain the same infrmatin as an actual utcme.
19. What des the research fcus n?
A The functin f the hippcampus in remembering events.
B. The impact f making predictins n human memry
C. The develpment f statistical learning in the brain.
D. The relatinship between repetitin and memry encding
20. What des the underlined wrd “inversely” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Oppsitely.B. Indirectly.
C. Randmly.D. Occasinally.
21. In Paragraph 5, the cmparisn is used t ________.
A. clarify difficulties in brain memryB. explain the brain’s multiple functins
C. highlight the imprtance f the hippcampusD. shw hippcampus’s switching rle
22. What is the best title fr the passage?
A. The Secrets f the HippcampusB. Predictin: A Memry Prblem
C. The Science f Statistical LearningD. The Brain’s Memry and Predictin Functins
D
Amid rlling farms and green pasture 150 miles nrthwest f Sa Paul, Brazil, tw trpical frests blm as ne. The first cnsists f a single species, rw after rw f nn-native eucalyptuses (桉树), planted in perfect lines like carrts. The ther is haphazard, a mixture f dzens f varieties f native saplings.
There’s n denying it: This frest lks ridiculus. Yet these 2.5-acre stands f native trees, ringed by fast-grwing extics (外来植物), are amng many prmising effrts t bring back the planet’s frests.
The eucalyptuses, says Pedr Brancalin, the University f Sa Paul agrnmist wh designed this experiment, get big s quickly they can be cut after five years and used t make paper. That cvers nearly half r mre f the cst f planting the slw-grwing native trees, which then naturally reseed grund that has been laid bare by the harvest. And this prcess desn’t hamper natural regeneratin.
Yu needn’t lk far these days t find rganizatins trying t save the wrld by grwing trees. Yet t many planting campaigns, frest experts say, still get t much wrng. T ften, they are s fcused n getting credit fr each seedling plant that they ignre what matters mst: What kind f wdland is created? At what cst? And mst imprtantly: Hw lng will it last? Using the number f trees planted as a magic “prxy fr everything,” Brancalin says, yu “spend mre mney and get lwer levels f success.”
Tree planting seems like a simple, natural way t cunter the crises f climate change and bidiversity lss. Trees prvide wildlife habitats and absrb carbn dixide frm the atmsphere. N wnder trees are praised as the ideal weapn. Hwever, simply refresting the planet isn’t ging t d much if we dn’t als start cutting dwn n ur emissins frm the burning f cal, il, and natural gas. Tree planting als can’t replace ld-grwth frests.
S what shuld we d? T Brancalin, the answer is bvius: Restre native frests, mstly in the trpics, where trees grw fast and land is cheap. That may require planting. But it als may call fr clearing extic grasses, fixing sils, r imprving crp yields fr farmers s that less land is needed fr agriculture and mre can be allwed t g back t frests.
With resurces limited and n time t spare Brancalin says, jump-starting natural prcesses can help. In many cases, if we let nature d the heavy lifting, he says, “the frest can regrw quite effectively.”
23. What des the authr intend t d by describing the tw frests near Sa Paul?
A. Intrduce a tpic.B. Justify a cmparisn.
C. Give a suggestin.D. Highlight an argument.
24. What des the wrd “hamper” underlined in Paragraph 3 mst prbably mean?
A. Get in the way f.B. Take care f.
C. Keep up with.D. D away with.
25. What can yu infer frm the passage?
A. Restring native trees can be fast and cheap.
B. Fast-grwing trees bst species diversity
C. We can practically miss the frest fr the trees.
D. Planting trees wrks wnders fr the climate crisis.
26. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Plant mre trees-and slve climate prblemsB. Plant mre trees-but defend the climate
C. Plant mre trees-and time will healD. Plant mre trees-but let nature take its curse
三、阅读回答问题 (共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
When I was a yungster, my mther wuld say, “G utside and play.” And I wuld, with all the ther kids in the neighbrhd. We learned a lt abut nature and urselves playing utside. Fr ne thing, we quickly learned t recgnize pisn ivy.
A few years ag I was frtunate t be asked t jin the advisry cmmittee f Children and Nature Netwrk (C&NN). This is a grwing rganizatin created by authr Richard Luv. His bk, Last Child in the Wds, became a best-seller as peple realized we have a generatin f children s cnnected t electrnics that they are lsing their cnnectin t nature. As Luv writes, “We are fast appraching a generatin f children where n child will have played utdrs.”
Nature is mre than plants and animals we bserve each day. Nature is a shared spirit f being with all things. Thrugh nature we learn that everything is cyclical, that life begins and life passes, and that every life is in balance with all ther life frms, and each ne helps the ther fulfill its essential purpse.
My neighbrs embdy the actins and nature philsphy that Luv suggests in his bk. They plant, they play, and they teach their children that nature has her purpse. They live ut the philsphy that we are part f nature, and when we abuse (滥用) her, we abuse urselves.
Spending time utdrs bth in lneliness and at play is an imprtant educatin fr children. The utdrs encurages an inner cnnectin t nature, and if yu stay there fr a little while in silence, yu will see all the natural cnnectins. Yu will cnnect t the chlrphyll (叶绿素) f plants, the flight f insects and birds, the awareness f mammals (哺乳动物), and especially the knwing f the earth herself.
In Shakespeare’s As Yu Like It, the Duke in the Frest f Arden says: “... there are tngues in trees, bks in running brks, sermns (诉说) in stnes, and gd in everything.”
27. Hw did the authr learn abut nature and herself when she was yung?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
28. What prblem des Richard Luv pint ut in his bk?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
29. Hw d yu understand the underlined sentence “when we abuse her, we abuse urselves” in Paragraph 4?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
30. What benefits can we get frm spending time utdrs?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
31. What can yu learn frm the Duke’s wrds in Shakespeare’s bk?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
四、任务型阅读 (共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，在表格相应横线上用词语正确形式填空，每空一词。
My stry int the great unknwn
As a new migrant (移民) t Australia, the first thing that I wanted t d was t explre its wide pen spaces and natural beauty.
One day, I verheard a clleague talking abut a cycling trail called The Munda Biddi that runs thrugh the bush (丛林). I researched nline. The trail was still new, and mbile phne cverage alng the rute was pr. My map reading skills wuld be put t the test. Hwever, I was fit and enthusiastic. I decided t give it a try.
Early in the mrning, I set ff. It didn’t take lng befre I realised just hw ht it was. I drank water cntinually and the first thing I did when I arrived at the first stp was t check the rain water tank. I was relieved t find that it had water and I refilled my bttles. Surprisingly, I saw very few recent entries there.
By midday, I fllwed the trail t my secnd stp at Nglang Bdja Hut. After a while, the trail markers became difficult t find. Withut a GPS, I was becming cncerned abut getting lst. Even wrse, I hadn’t met any ther cyclists alng the rute.
As evening drew near, I realised that I was quite lst. I stpped and tried t make sense f the maps. The riginal plan was t stay vernight at a turist park near Lgue Brk Dam, where I wuld try and cntact my wife, but I had n idea where I was. Wearily, I gt up, remunted my bike and started t duble back in the hpe f finding any trail markers. After mving slwly fr abut ne hur, I was delighted t see cycle tracks that lked recent. Encuraged, I cycled n, keeping a sharp eye n the tracks. Hwever, I sn realised that they were my wn!
I was cvering the same grund.
Discuraged, I stpped and lay my bike. I had n mre water, and my tngue felt swllen. It’s getting dark. A sudden warm gust f wind stirred me. I widened my eyes and heard the distant sund f a mtr, but the sund disappeared. A while later I heard it again, clser. I frced myself up and walked t where the sund was cming. As I tpped the hill, I saw Lgue Brk Dam, with bats twing water skiers and peple relaxing under trees.
I returned t my bike, pushed it up the hill, and freewheeled it straight int the beautiful cl waters f the dam.
五、书面表达 (25分)
42. 假设你是某中学高一学生李华。你的英国笔友Chris即将进入高中，他来信询问有效的学习方法。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 分享你的学习方法；
2. 说明理由。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Chrism
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
丰台区2024~2025学年度第二学期期末练习
高一英语
2025. 07
考生须知
1. 答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、班级、姓名、教育ID号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的教育ID号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。
2. 本次练习所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。
3. 请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在练习卷、草稿纸上答题无效。
4. 本练习卷满分共100分，作答时长90分钟。
一、完形填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
【1~10题答案】
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. D
二、阅读理解 (共16小题；每小题2.5分，共40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
【11~14题答案】
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B 14. B
B
【15~18题答案】
【答案】15. D 16. B 17. A 18. C
C
【19~22题答案】
【答案】19. B 20. A 21. D 22. B
D
【23~26题答案】
【答案】23. A 24. A 25. C 26. D
三、阅读回答问题 (共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)
【27~31题答案】
【答案】27. By playing utside with ther kids in the neighbrhd.
28. A generatin f children is s cnnected t electrnics that they are lsing their cnnectin t nature.
29. We are part f nature, s abusing nature means harming urselves.
30. It encurages an inner cnnectin t nature and helps us see all the natural cnnectins.
31. Everything in nature has its value and meaning.
四、任务型阅读 (共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)
【32~41题答案】
【答案】32. pr
33. explre
34. map 35. heat
36. Mving 37. cncerned
38. wrse 39. which
40. straight
41. preparatin
五、书面表达 (25分)
【42题答案】
【答案】Dear Chris,
I’m thrilled t hear yu’re abut t start high schl! Here are sme effective learning methds I’ve fund helpful.
Firstly, create a study schedule. Allcate specific times fr each subject daily. This ensures balanced learning and prevents last-minute cramming. Secndly, take detailed ntes in class, which help me grasp key cncepts and serve as great revisin material. Lastly, practice regularly. Slving prblems and ding exercises reinfrces understanding and bsts cnfidence.
These methds wrk because they prmte discipline, active learning, and cnsistent imprvement. I hpe they benefit yu t!
Yurs,
Li Hua
Title
My stry int the great unknwn
Setting
The stry tk place alng the Munda Biddi cycling trail in the Australian bush. It’s a beautiful but challenging area with ____32____ mbile phne cverage and n GPS.
Character
As a new migrant t Australia, he was fit and adventurus, with a strng desire t ____33____ his new cuntry. Hwever, he had limited ____34____ reading skills.
Develpment
As he began cycling, the strng ____35____ made him feel thirsty. When he reached the first stp and fund water, he felt relieved. ____36____ n t Nglang Bdja Hut, he became ____37____ as the trail markers were hard t see. Things get ____38____ when he realised he’s lst and had n water left, making him feel dwn and anxius.
Climax
But then he heard a mtr, ____39____ gave him hpe and strength. He frced himself up and fllwed the sund.
Ending
Finally, he unexpectedly fund Lgue Brk Dam and let g f his bike int the water ____40____.
Theme
Nature may present unexpected challenges. Sl wilderness adventures need a gd ____41____ mre than curisity.