高考英语【一轮复习】讲义练习试卷15.第十五讲　名词性从句

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这是一份高考英语【一轮复习】讲义练习试卷15.第十五讲　名词性从句，共9页。
单句语法填空
1．(2024·浙江1月卷)If mst f their custmers are happy t buy larger quantities, that's what they'll prmte.
2．(2024·全国甲卷)On a cl, starry night in midSeptember 1870, fur men relaxed befre a campfire alng the Firehle River in what is nw nrthwestern Wyming.
3．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)They als need t be ready t give interviews in English with internatinal jurnalists. This is why they need an English trainer.
4．(2022·浙江1月卷)Cbb, fr her part, started t ask cnference rganizers wh invited her t speak whether/if she culd d s remtely; abut threequarters f the time, they agreed.
5．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Ging t Munt Huangshan reminds me f the ppular Beatles' sng “The Lng and Winding Rad”. What is s breathtaking abut the experience is the utfthiswrld scenes.
6．(2020·浙江7月卷)Over thusands f years, they began t depend less n what culd be hunted r gathered frm the wild, and mre n animals they had raised and crps they had swn.
7．(2020·江苏卷)It is nt a prblem whether we can win the battle; it's just a matter f time.
eq \a()
在复合句中相当于名词的从句称为名词性从句，主要分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四类。名词性从句的引导词及其用法如下：
考点一主语从句
在复合句中作主语的从句称为主语从句。
1．主语从句通常由以上表格中名词性从句的引导词引导。
What many turists and San Franciscans treasure mst abut Chinatwn is its fd.
关于唐人街，许多游客和旧金山人最珍视的是它的食物。
Every year, whever makes the mst beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
每年，谁做的风筝最漂亮，谁就会在风筝节上获奖。
2．it作形式主语
(1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/imprtant/certain等)＋that从句
It was astnishing that she didn't care abut my feelings.
令人惊讶的是，她竟不在乎我的感受。
(2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/n wnder等)＋that从句
It's n wnder that he didn't want t g.
难怪他不想去。
(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/tld/reprted等)＋that从句
It is said that the meeting has been put ff until next Mnday.
据说，会议被推迟到下周一了。
(4)It＋特殊动词(seem, appear, happen, matter等)＋that从句
It suddenly ccurred t her that Je was afraid f being alne.
她突然想到乔害怕一个人待着。
考点二宾语从句
在复合句中作宾语的从句称为宾语从句。
1．宾语从句的引导词与主语从句的引导词大致一样。宾语从句在句中可以作及物动词、介词及复合谓语的宾语。
Parents shuld actively urge that their children shuld take advantage f the pprtunity t jin sprts teams.
家长应该积极敦促他们的孩子利用这个机会加入运动队。
Nw a lt f peple might wnder why I wuld step ut int traffic like that t rescue a single butterfly.
现在很多人可能想知道我为什么要到那么拥挤的车流中去救一只蝴蝶。
I'm nt sure whether I shuld tell yu this.
我拿不准该不该把这件事告诉你。
2．it作形式宾语
(1)动词find/feel/think/cnsider/make等＋it＋宾补(形容词或名词)＋that从句
He has made it clear that the meeting will nt be pstpned.
他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。
(2)动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjy等＋it＋that/when从句
I hate it when peple talk with their muths full.
我讨厌人们嘴里塞满东西时说话。
(3)动词短语see t/depend n/rely n＋it＋that从句
I shall see t it that he is taken gd care f when yu are absent.
你不在的时候，我会负责把他照顾好。
(4)固定搭配take it fr granted/we it t sb.＋that从句
I just tk it fr granted that he'd always be arund.
我还想当然地以为他总能随叫随到呢。
3．含虚拟语气的宾语从句
一个“坚持(insist)”、两个“命令(rder/cmmand)”、三个“建议(suggest/recmmend/advise)”、四个“要求(demand/require/request/ask)”等词后，宾语从句用虚拟语气，其谓语动词应为“shuld＋动词原形”，shuld可以省略。
The cmmander rdered that the trps (shuld) set ff at nce.
司令员命令部队马上出发。
4．宾语从句的否定前移
主句的主语是第一人称，在think，believe，suppse，expect，imagine等动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，往往需要把否定词由从句移到前面主句上，这称为否定前移。
I dn't think yu are fit fr the jb.
我认为你不适合这份工作。
I dn't believe they've finished their wrk yet.
我认为他们尚未完工。
eq \a() ——单句语法填空
1．What is imprtant is that yu shuld set aside sme time every day fr sprts s that yu can keep yurself energetic.
2．The gld medal will be awarded t whever wins first place in the bicycle race.
3．In architectural art, it's suggested that n mre than three main clrs shuld be used fr a design.
4．T be hnest, I dubt whether/if they will finish the hard task in tw days.
5．They shwed viewers hw they live and wrk inside the space statin.
考点三表语从句
在复合句中作表语的从句称为表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样。表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if，because和why引导。
1．that等引导的表语从句
My parents' request is that I shuld be admitted t a key university.
我父母的要求就是我必须被重点大学录取。
2．as if/thugh引导的表语从句
as if/thugh引导的表语从句通常置于系动词lk，seem，sund，be等的后面；表语从句既可以用虚拟语气，也可以用直接陈述语气，这取决于语境。
It sunded as if smebdy was kncking at the dr.
听起来好像有人在敲门。
The huse was in such a mess—it lked as thugh a bmb had drpped n it.
这个房子真乱，看起来就像被炸弹炸过一般。
3．because，why引导的表语从句
That's because he didn't understand me.
那是因为他不理解我。(强调原因)
That's why he gt angry with me.
那正是他对我生气的原因。(强调结果)
[名师指津] ①句子的主语为the reasn时，表语从句用that引导，表示原因，不用because；
The reasn why she was ill was that she had eaten bad meat.
她生病的原因是她吃了变质的肉。
②由why引导的从句作主语时，表语从句用that引导。
Why we decided t put ff the match was that the weather was t terrible.
我们决定推迟比赛的原因是天气太糟糕了。
考点四同位语从句
同位语从句用以说明其前面某一名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导。由于名词的意义不同，也可用whether，wh，when，where，what，why，hw等引导。后面可以接同位语从句的名词有：advice，demand，dubt，fact，hpe，idea，infrmatin，message，news，rder，prblem，prmise，questin，request，suggestin，truth，wish，wrd (消息)等。
There is n dubt that it is wrthwhile t participate in the phtgraphy shw.
毫无疑问，参加摄影展是值得的。
D yu have any idea what is actually ging n in the classrm?
你知道教室里到底发生了什么事吗？
eq \a() ——单句语法填空/完成句子
1．The fact is that bats play a significant rle in keeping a balanced ecsystem.
2．As I grew up in the UK, the Chinese fd I was used t eating was what I nw recgnise as Guangdng fd.
3．他缺课的原因是他生病住院了。
The reasn why he missed classes was that he was ill in hspital．
4．我们相信，通过这次比赛，你一定能展示出你的才华。
We hld the belief that yu are sure t display yur talents thrugh this cntest．
考点五三组引导词的区别
1．that与what引导的名词性从句的区别
that在从句中不充当句子成分，也没有含义；what可以在从句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语，意思是“什么，……的东西或事情，什么样的”。
Our teacher made a request that we (shuld) be well prepared fr the exam.
老师要求我们为考试做好充分准备。
We had t write a paper n hw we plan t apply what we wuld learn in class t ur future prfessins.
我们必须写一篇论文，内容是我们打算如何将课堂上学到的知识应用到未来的职业中。
2．wh与whever引导的名词性从句的区别
引导词what，which，wh分别表示“……的东西或事情”“哪一个”“谁”，表示疑问含义；而whatever，whichever，whever分别相当于anything that，，anyne wh，意为“无论……”，强调一切情况。试比较：
What yu chse t wear shuld be clean.
你选择穿的衣服应该是干净的。
Whatever yu chse t wear shuld be clean.
无论你选择穿什么，你的衣服应该是干净的。
3．whether与if引导的名词性从句的区别
(1)whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首，也可放在句末，但if引导的主语从句只能放在句末，且前面需要用it作形式主语。
Whether he will leave the city has nt been knwn yet.
还不知道他是否会离开这个城市。
It is unknwn whether/if he will attend the meeting.
他是否会来参加会议还不清楚。
(2)whether与if引导宾语从句时一般可以互换，但是如果直接与r nt连用或用于介词后时，只能用whether。
I was wndering whether/if she'd prefer t cme a little later.
我不知道她是否乐意晚一点来。
There was a heated argument abut whether he was suitable fr the psitin.
关于他是否适合这个职位有过激烈的争论。
(3)whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句，而if不可以。
Befre making the decisin whether we shuld wear the schl unifrm, we have t balance the advantages against the disadvantages.
在决定是否穿校服之前，我们必须权衡利弊。
eq \a() ——单句语法填空
1．But cntinued ppulatin lsses have raised questins abut whether rural areas can d anything t reverse the tide.
2．My mm cntinued t treat me t whatever I wanted until I was seven and my wrld crashed.
3．At the Plastic Bank markets, peple can exchange the plastic they've cllected fr what they need.
eq \a()
eq \a()
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The scientists believe what caused whales t get s large was a change in the Earth's climate nly abut 3 millin years ag.
2．It's reprted that many scenes were sht n the grunds f distinguished Chinese scientific institutes.
3．Li als said at the news cnference n Mnday that China's planted frest cnservatin area has reached 87.6 millin hectares.
4．In additin t appreciating the wisdm hidden in thse histrical vlumes，she fcuses n hw they were jined and presented.
5．The reasn why Yang Jian became a gd was that he fught hard during the battle.
6．I asked them whether/if they wanted t buy smething and they tld me that they had bught smething.
7．By creating rganized td lists，yu can priritize the things yu need t d，and keep track f what still needs t be cmpleted.
8．But what can't be seen is the science and technlgy behind it.
9．It is fascinating t see a rapidlydevelping city that invests s much effrt in preserving its past，which is why I decided t pursue my career here.
10．This gives evidence t why the Chinese ecnmy is grwing s fast.
Ⅱ.语篇专练(名词性从句)
It was reprted 1.that there was an accident at the crner f Rman Street this mrning.N ne saw 2.what n earth happened then.A car ran int a truck, but frtunately, nbdy gt injured. 3.Wh is respnsible fr the accident is still under investigatin.The plice are uncertain abut 4.whether the car driver is guilty. 5.What the plice shuld d nw is 6.that they must find ut what led t the accident.They said it was difficult fr them t judge because 7.hw the accident happened was nt clear.Perhaps the reasn was 8.that the car driver was t tired t stp the car in time. The car driver didn't admit the fact 9.that he was driving t fast at the turning.The plice dubted 10.if/whether what he said was true and decided t make a further investigatin.
Ⅲ.写作迁移(正确运用名词性从句完成句子)
1．(2023·全国乙卷书面表达)这就是为什么我在五一期间学会了做饭。
That is why I learned hw t ck during the May Day hliday.
2．(2023·浙江1月卷读后续写)我仍然记得朋友们的承诺，所以我经过废弃的挤奶房，看看他们是否修好了破碎的窗户。
I still remembered my friends' prmise s I went past the abandned milking huse t see if/whether they had fixed the brken windw．
3．生活充满了各种可能性，吉米决定尊重儿子想要走的任何道路。
Life is full f pssibilities and Jimmy decided t respect whatever path his sn wuld like t take．
4．我写信是想问您能否帮我一个忙。
I'm writing t ask whether/if yu culd d me a favr．
5．回家的路上，微风拂过他的头发，麦克觉得刚才发生的一切只是一场噩梦，但当他想到保罗无私的帮助时，一股温暖的光芒涌进他的内心。
On the way back hme, feeling the light breeze thrugh his hair, Mac felt what happened just nw was just a nightmare，but a warm glw flded int his inner heart as he thught f Paul's unselfish assistance.
连接代词
wh(ever),
whm(ever),
what(ever),
which(ever), whse
引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
连接副词
when, where，
why, hw
引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
其他连接词
that
1.在从句中不作成分，也无词义；2．引导宾语从句时可省略；引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时，不可省略
if
主要引导宾语从句，有时引导主语从句
whether
引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
as if/as thugh
引导表语从句
because
引导表语从句