【英语】辽宁省大连市2024-2025学年高二下学期期末考试试卷（解析版）

这是一份【英语】辽宁省大连市2024-2025学年高二下学期期末考试试卷（解析版），共19页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
T celebrate the 80th anniversary f the end f Wrld War II, we highly recmmend fur films abut war.
Schindler’s List (1993)
The film tells the true stry f Oskar Schindler, a German businessman wh risked everything t save ver 1,200 Jews frm the hrrrs f Nazi. Sht in cntrasting black and white, it vividly captures the cruelty and sufferings f the war, emphasizes the value f every human life and ffers an insightful reflectin n the pwer f gd.
Saving Private Ryan (1998)
Set in 1944 Nrmandy, the film hits hme with the bldy pening scene f Omaha Beach. Captain Miller led a team t rescue Private Ryan, whse three brthers were all killed in the war. The shaky camera mvements create a realistic sense f chas, urgency and vilence. Overall, the film is a prfund explratin f the meaning f war, human nature and the value f life.
The Pianist (2002)
Based n a true stry, the film prtrays a Plish-Jewish pianist’s survival frm the war. Unlike ther war films, it fcuses n the pianist’s intense and desperate fight fr existence instead f grand herism, shwing the weakness f life and the strength f the human spirit in the face f unimaginable hrrr. Its realistic prtrayal f war and the strategic use f silence and pauses make it a timeless cinematic experience.
Dunkirk (2017)
The film fcuses n the withdrawal f Allied sldiers frm the beaches f Dunkirk in May and June 1940. The film captures the desperatin f the trapped sldiers and the bravery f the civilian and military persnnel wh came t their rescue. The directr artfully tells three stries at the same time and uses wide sweeping shts t make the audience feel as if they were at the scene.
1. What is the cmmn theme f Schindler’s List and Saving Private Ryan?
A. The value f life.B. The lve f cuntry.
C. The pwer f gd.D. The weakness f life.
2. Which film fcuses n an individual’s desperate struggle fr survival in the war?
A. Schindler’s List.B. The Pianist.
C. Saving Private Ryan.D. Dunkirk.
3. What technique is used in Dunkirk?
A. Silence and pauses.B. Wide sweeping shts.
C. Black-and-white cinematgraphy.D. Shaky camera mvements.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四部关于战争的电影以庆祝二战结束80周年。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。 根据Schindler’s List (1993)部分中“emphasizes the value f every human life and ffers an insightful reflectin n the pwer f gd.(强调每个人生命的价值，并对善良的力量进行了深刻的反思)”及Saving Private Ryan (1998)部分中“Overall, the film is a prfund explratin f the meaning f war, human nature and the value f life.(总的来说，这部电影深刻探讨了战争的意义、人性和生命的价值)”可知，《辛德勒的名单》和《拯救大兵瑞恩》的共同主题是生命的价值。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Pianist (2002)部分中“Based n a true stry, the film prtrays a Plish-Jewish pianist’s survival frm the war. Unlike ther war films, it fcuses n the pianist’s intense and desperate fight fr existence instead f grand herism, shwing the weakness f life and the strength f the human spirit in the face f unimaginable hrrr.(这部电影根据真实故事改编，讲述了一位波兰犹太钢琴家在战争中幸存的故事。与其他战争电影不同，它关注的是钢琴家为生存而进行的激烈而绝望的斗争，而不是宏大的英雄主义，展现了生命在面对难以想象的恐怖时的脆弱和人类精神的强大)”可知，《钢琴家》这部电影关注的是一个人在战争中绝望求生的故事。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Dunkirk (2017)部分中“The directr artfully tells three stries at the same time and uses wide sweeping shts t make the audience feel as if they were at the scene.(导演巧妙地同时讲述了三个故事，并使用广角镜头让观众仿佛身临其境)”可知，广角镜头被用于《敦刻尔克》这部电影。故选B。
B
I was hanging ut with my grandma the ther day, and she was wrestling with a new vide-calling app n her phne. She lked like she was trying t slve a mystery (谜) straight ut f a Sherlck Hlmes nvel, but when she finally gt it t wrk and chatted with her ld friend, her face lit up like a Christmas tree. It made me wnder, thugh, what all this tech-use is ding t ur brains, especially fr the lder flks. Yu knw, peple keep talking abut “digital dementia (痴呆)”. Isn’t that wild? T much time spent n such electrnic devices can make us brain-dead. But get this — sme new study says that’s nt the case at all!
Here’s the kicker: the study fund that lder flks wh dive head first int using cmputers and smartphnes are actually way less likely t have their brains g “ffline”, like, yu knw, 58% less likely t experience mental decline. Can yu believe it? It’s like finding ut the secret t staying yung frever were right there in ur pckets all alng. S, is “digital dementia” just a lad f nnsense? It sure seems that way, I mean, think abut it, every time grandma figures ut a net v app r ges thrugh a sftware update, she’s giving her brain a wrkut. Plus, staying cnnected thrugh devices keeps her frm feeling like she’s living in a mvie where she’s the nly persn left n Earth.
But hey, we’ve gtta be careful here. With all the-tech-magic ut there, it’s easy t get lst in the “digital rabbit hle”. And let’s nt frget, t much screen time can turn anyne int a bad-tempered cat, especially the yunger flks. S, while it’s awesme that; tech can help lder flks stay sharp and scial, we shuld als make sure everyne uses it in a balanced way. After all, wh wants t be a deadhead when yu can be a tech expert instead?
4. Why did grandma’s face light up like a Christmas tree?
A. She managed t sht a vide.
B. She figured ut a new device.
C. She unlcked the use f a new app.
D. She succeeded in slving a mystery.
5. What des the authr think f the influence f new tech n lder flks?
A. It distracts them frm real life.B. It wrsens their digital dementia.
C. It replaces their usual wrkut.D. It gives them a brain stretch.
6. What des the “digital rabbit hle” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. The act f verusing digital devices.
B. The habit f buying latest devices.
C. The way t use new technlgy.
D. The place t stre digital data.
7. What is the authr’s tne like in the text?
A. Relaxing and reflective.B. Critical and pessimistic.
C. Serius and academic.D. Angry and authritative.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨科技对老年人大脑的影响及使用建议。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“I was hanging ut with my grandma the ther day, and she was wrestling with a new vide-calling app n her phne. She lked like she was trying t slve a mystery straight ut f a Sherlck Hlmes nvel, but when she finally gt it t wrk and chatted with her ld friend, her face lit up like a Christmas tree.(前几天我和奶奶待在一起时，她正费劲地摆弄手机上一款新的视频通话应用程序。她看起来就像是在试图解开夏洛克·福尔摩斯小说中的一个谜团，但当她终于成功并和老朋友聊天时，她的脸像圣诞树一样亮了起来)”可知，祖母成功解锁了一个新应用程序的使用，所以她的脸像圣诞树一样亮了起来。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“every time grandma figures ut a net v app r ges thrugh a sftware update, she’s giving her brain a wrkut.(每次奶奶弄清楚一个网络视频应用程序或进行软件更新时，她都在锻炼她的大脑)”可知，作者认为新技术让老年人锻炼了大脑。故选D。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词前“we’ve gtta be careful here.(我们也得留心)”及划线词后“t much screen time can turn anyne int a bad-tempered cat, especially the yunger flks.(过多的屏幕时间会让任何人变成脾气暴躁的猫，尤其是年轻人)”可知，因为有了科技魔法，人们很容易迷失在过度的使用数码设备当中，故划线词digital rabbit hle指的是过度使用数码设备的行为。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。文章以奶奶使用新应用的日常场景引入，全文语言轻松（如“face lit up like a Christmas tree”，“bad-tempered cat”，“deadhead”等），同时探讨科技使用的利弊并给出建议，体现出反思性，故作者的语气是轻松且具有反思性的。故选A。
C
Can yu imagine a huse made frm mushrms? What benefits culd such a material ffer cmpared t traditinal building materials?
In the develpment f sustainable cnstructin, Czech researchers and architects have shwcased a building made primarily frm mycelia (菌丝). The innvative huse named Samrst is 3.5-meter-tall and 7-meter-lng, using 1,800 kilgrams f mycelia. Samrst is designed t serve as bth a functinal structure and a striking example f hw mycelia can be used t replace traditinal, fssil-fuel-based materials like plystyrene (聚苯乙烯) fr envirnmental benefits.
The mycelia used in the cnstructin f Samrst are made frm the rt system f a species f mushrm, knwn fr its durability (耐用性) and strength. Mycelia, when cmbined with natural, renewable materials such as wd, becme a lightweight yet durable building material. Besides, unlike plystyrene, mycelia are bidegradable and prduce significantly lwer CO₂ emissins during, prductin. Additinally, mycelia have numerus ptential applicatins in cnstructin, such as being used as structural cmpnents like walls. As the material is bth fire-resistant and highly custmizable, mycelia can be used fr furniture r supprting walls.
Hwever, experts cautin that while mycelia shw prmise, their widespread use in cnstructin may take time. Accrding t Katerina Sysva, an architect at the Czech Technical University, mycelia are nt yet suited fr every applicatin, such as external building materials in multi - stry buildings, where wet atmsphere culd cmprmise their perfrmance.
Still, with grwing supprt frm the Eurpean Unin’s sustainability initiatives and increasing demand fr envirnmentally friendly slutins, mycelia - based cnstructin culd becme the mainstream in the cming years.
8. What is the main purpse f the text?
A. T prmte innvative buildings.
B. T intrduce an alternative material.
C. T cmpare mycelia with plystyrene.
D. T explain the structure f mycelia.
9. What is a fact abut mycelia as a building material?
A. It’s carbn-intensive.B. It’s water-resistant.
C. It’s widely-used.D. It’s ec-friendly.
10. What des the underlined wrd “cmprmise” mst likely mean in paragraph 4?
A. Strengthen.B. Weaken.
C. Maintain.D. Facilitate.
11. What can be inferred abut the prspect f mycelia - based cnstructin?
A. It’s questinable.B. It’s unpredictable.
C. It’s impractical.D. It’s prmising.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了菌丝作为一种可持续建筑材料的潜力，包括其特性、优势以及当前面临的挑战和未来前景。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Can yu imagine a huse made frm mushrms? What benefits culd such a material ffer cmpared t traditinal building materials? (你能想象一座用蘑菇建造的房子吗？与传统建筑材料相比，这种材料能带来哪些好处呢？)并结合全文内容，文章开篇提出“蘑菇建造的房子”这一概念，接着介绍了捷克研究人员和建筑师利用菌丝建造的创新房屋Samrst，并详细说明了菌丝作为建筑材料的特性、环保优势以及应用潜力，文章的核心是向读者介绍菌丝这一传统建筑材料的替代品。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Besides, unlike plystyrene, mycelia are bidegradable and prduce significantly lwer CO₂ emissins during, prductin. (此外，与聚苯乙烯不同，菌丝体可生物降解，在生产过程中产生的二氧化碳排放量显著降低)”可知，菌丝体作为建筑材料具有环保的特点。故选D项。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段“Accrding t Katerina Sysva, an architect at the Czech Technical University, mycelia are nt yet suited fr every applicatin, such as external building materials in multi - stry buildings, where wet atmsphere culd cmprmise their perfrmance. (捷克技术大学的建筑师卡特琳娜・西索娃表示，菌丝体目前并非适用于所有场景，例如在多层建筑的外部建材方面，潮湿的环境可能会cmprmise其性能)”结合语境，潮湿环境对菌丝体的性能应该是不利的影响，所以“cmprmise”与“Weaken”意思相近，意为“削弱”。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Still, with grwing supprt frm the Eurpean Unin’s sustainability initiatives and increasing demand fr envirnmentally friendly slutins, mycelia-based cnstructin culd becme the mainstream in the cming years. (尽管如此，随着欧盟可持续发展倡议的支持力度不断加大，以及对环保解决方案的需求日益增长，菌丝体建筑可能在未来几年成为主流)”可知，菌丝体建筑的前景是有希望的。故选D项。
D
In their recent bk, The AI Cn, linguist Emily M. Bender and scial scientist Alex Hanna critically analyze the widespread exaggeratin (夸大) abut artificial intelligence (AI). They argue that the exaggerated claims f AI’s transfrmative pwer cver the real, nging harms it is already causing.
Bender and Hanna argue that cmpanies are using AI t reduce csts by undermining human jbs. Cntrary t ppular belief, “AI is nt ging t replace yur jb,” they maintain, but it will likely transfrm yur jb int ne that is undervalued and less paid. Here, they refer t recent labr actins, such as the 2023 strikes by Hllywd writers and actrs, as cases illustrating wrkers’ resistance t AI-generated cntent.
In fields such as educatin, the use f autmated decisin-making systems ften reflects the vercnfidence in AI’s capacity. The adptin f AI, the authrs maintain, verlks fundamental human interactins, falsely assuming that “seeking the right answers is all that is needed fr educatin.”
The bk als evaluates exaggerated claims abut AI’s impact n creative and scientific fields, particularly regarding its destructive effects n art, jurnalism, and scientific practice. The authrs argue that AI-generated artistic creativity is, mst f the time, based n statistical prbabilities rather than real understanding.
Bender and Hanna cnclude their bk by arguing that the exaggeratin abut AI primarily benefits majr cmpanies, investrs, and gvernments that use technlgy and by calling fr a critical examinatin f AI systems: “What is being autmated?” and “Wh benefits... and wh is harmed?”
While the bk ffers an interesting viewpint, it prvides nly a partial view f the current AI landscape. Large language mdels (LLMs) have shwn prmising capabilities in fields such as bimedicine and eclgy. This ptential applicatin is particularly nticeable cnsidering the new path pened by agentic AI, an area the bk des nt cver.
12. What is the main idea f the bk The AI Cn?
A. AI’s impact is transfrmative.B. AI causes widespread cncern.
C. AI’s harm is underestimated.D. AI prevents ptential prblems.
13. What is the case f the 2023 strikes intended t prve?
A. AI can replace human jbs.B. AI cannt generate quality cntent.
C. AI devalues human wrk.D. AI reduces the cst f prductin.
14. Which change may be brught by AI accrding t Bender and Hanna?
A. Mre higher-paying jbs.B. Increased interactins in class.
C. Explsive creativity in art.D. Mre benefits t capital wners.
15. What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. The bk skips sme AI uses.B. Agentic AI is vervalued.
C. LLMs are relatively shrt-lived.D. AI has limited applicatin.
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了《人工智能悖论》批判对AI的夸大，称其掩盖危害，如贬低工作、影响教育等，还指出夸大主要利于大公司等，但该书对AI领域的呈现不全面。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“In their recent bk, The AI Cn, linguist Emily M. Bender and scial scientist Alex Hanna critically analyze the widespread exaggeratin (夸大) abut artificial intelligence (AI). They argue that the exaggerated claims f AI’s transfrmative pwer cver the real, nging harms it is already causing.(在他们近期出版的《人工智能悖论》一书中，语言学家艾米莉·M·本德和社会科学家亚历克斯·汉纳对有关人工智能的普遍夸大言论进行了批判性分析。他们认为，那些关于人工智能变革力量的夸大说法掩盖了它已经造成的实际且持续的危害)”可知，《人工智能悖论》这本书的主要观点是人工智能的危害被低估了。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Bender and Hanna argue that cmpanies are using AI t reduce csts by undermining human jbs. Cntrary t ppular belief, “AI is nt ging t replace yur jb,” they maintain, but it will likely transfrm yur jb int ne that is undervalued and less paid. Here, they refer t recent labr actins, such as the 2023 strikes by Hllywd writers and actrs, as cases illustrating wrkers’ resistance t AI-generated cntent.(本德和汉娜认为，企业正利用人工智能来降低成本，从而取代人类工作岗位。与普遍看法相反，他们坚称“人工智能不会取代你的工作”，但它很可能会将你的工作转变为一种价值低估且薪酬更低的工作。在此，他们将近期的劳工行动，比如2023年好莱坞编剧和演员的罢工，视为工人抵制人工智能生成内容的实例)”可知，2023年的这些罢工旨在证明人工智能降低了人类工作的价值。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Bender and Hanna cnclude their bk by arguing that the exaggeratin abut AI primarily benefits majr cmpanies, investrs, and gvernments that use technlgy and by calling fr a critical examinatin f AI systems: “What is being autmated?” and “Wh benefits... and wh is harmed?”(本德和汉娜在他们的著作结尾处指出，有关人工智能的夸大宣传主要有利于那些利用技术的大型企业、投资者和政府，并呼吁对人工智能系统进行批判性审视：“正在被自动化的是什么？”以及“谁从中受益……谁又因此受损？”)”可知，根据本德和汉纳的观点，人工智能可能会为资本所有者带来更多好处。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“While the bk ffers an interesting viewpint, it prvides nly a partial view f the current AI landscape. Large language mdels (LLMs) have shwn prmising capabilities in fields such as bimedicine and eclgy. This ptential applicatin is particularly nticeable cnsidering the new path pened by agentic AI, an area the bk des nt cver.(虽然这本书提出了一个有趣的观点，但它仅对当前的人工智能领域提供了一个片面的了解。大型语言模型（LLMs）在生物医学和生态学等领域展现出了令人鼓舞的能力。考虑到代理式人工智能开辟的新路径（而这本书并未涵盖这一领域），这种潜在的应用尤为引人注目)”可知，这本书遗漏了一些人工智能的应用。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In the late 1720s, a yung printer sat dwn at a table and pened up a small ntebk. Benjamin Franklin began t plan what he called a brave “prject f arriving at mral perfectin”.
Franklin wrte dwn twelve virtues, including silence, rder, industry, sincerity, and cleanliness, which he wuld try t fllw. When he shared his list with his friends, ____16____. As a result, he added humility (谦逊) t the list.
____17____. In this way, he culd “be master f that virtue” befre mving n t the practice f anther virtue. If he were t spend a week n each virtue and then g dwn the list befre starting ver again, ____18____. He believed this wuld be a useful apprach, explaining that it was like tidying weeds — if yu attempt t remve all the weeds at nce, it will g beynd yur strength.
Franklin was supprted by his friends and his wife. He wrked hard t launch his prject and kept track f his failures in his ntebk. He was disappinted at finding himself full f faults. ____19____.
Franklin later admitted that ver time he nly went thrugh the list nce per year. Thugh he never arrived at the perfectin he had planned, he fund his plan very wrthwhile. The attempt was a great success as it made him ne f the mst highly respected and successful statesmen f the Funding era. ____20____. And these virtues enabled him t better serve his cuntry.
A. Franklin was well-liked fr his virtues
B. Franklin culd by n means crrect any f them
C. Franklin planned t fcus n ne virtue at a time
D. Franklin culd cycle thrugh the list fur times a year
E. Franklin’s friends admired his curage and strng will
F. Franklin was upset t learn that they thught him prud
G. This feeling sn gave way t the satisfactin f seeing them reduced, thugh
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. D 19. G 20. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了本杰明・富兰克林为追求道德完美而制定了十二项美德计划，并努力践行的故事，尽管他从未达到计划中的完美，但这一尝试让他受益匪浅。
【16题详解】
上文“When he shared his list with his friends, (当他把自己的清单分享给朋友们时)”说明富兰克林把美德清单分享给朋友，空处应承接上文，说明朋友的反应，F项中的“they thught him prud”与下文中的“As a result, he added humility (谦逊) t the list. (结果，他把“谦逊”加入了清单)”相呼应，F项“富兰克林沮丧地发现他们认为他骄傲”，因为朋友认为他骄傲，所以他增加了“谦逊”来改正这一点，符合语境。故选F。
【17题详解】
下文“In this way, he culd “be master f that virtue” befre mving n t the practice f anther virtue. (通过这种方式，他可以在开始实践另一种美德之前“掌握这种美德”)”说明富兰克林实践美德的方式是逐一进行的，C项“富兰克林计划一次专注于一项美德”正是这种方式的体现，适合作本段的主旨句，引出下文对具体做法的说明。故选C。
【18题详解】
上文“If he were t spend a week n each virtue and then g dwn the list befre starting ver again (如果他每周专注于一种美德，然后在重新开始之前按清单依次进行)”说明如果他每周专注于一项美德，循环进行，那么一年可以循环几次，D项“富兰克林一年可以循环清单四次”符合语境，结合常识，一年约52周，52周除以12项美德，大约可以循环4次。故选D。
【19题详解】
上文“He was disappinted at finding himself full f faults. (他发现自己满身缺点，感到很失望)”说明尽管他对自己有很多缺点感到失望，但后来看到缺点减少，他感到满意，空处应承接上文，描述他情绪的转变，G项“这种情绪很快被看到缺点减少的满足感所取代”符合语境。故选G。
【20题详解】
下文“And these virtues enabled him t better serve his cuntry. (这些美德使他能够更好地为国家服务)”说明美德给富兰克林带来的积极影响，空处应与下文形成递进关系，进一步说明美德的作用，A项“富兰克林因其美德而广受喜爱”既体现了美德带来的正面评价，又与下文更好地为国家服务相呼应，符合语境。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Earlier this year, I had a chance t g int space as an astrnaut. I had undergne cntinuus prfessinal training fr this ____21____. Finally, the day arrived. Nw I was really n tp f the wrld. With all the deafening nise and ____22____ shake, we lifted ff. As we ____23____, I was aware that the frce f gravity was pulling at me. There was an instrument t shw us hw many g’s we were ____24____. At tw g’s, I tried t raise my arm, but I culd ____25____ make it. At three g’s, I felt my face being ____26____ int my seat. Feeling ____27____, I thught, “Will I pass ut?” Suddenly, n g’s. ____28____! We were flating (漂浮)!
Staring int space, I fund everything beynd my ____29____. I saw a cld, black ____30____. It was unlike any blackness we can see r feel n Earth. My initial ____31____ disappeared, and I felt really dwn. I turned my head tward the light f Mther Earth — the white f the cluds and the blue f the sky. The unexpected ____32____ between the cldness f space and the warm nurturing f Earth belw filled me with great ____33____. I was sad that we were ding many things that ____34____ great threat t ur survival n Earth. I knw it’s time we shuld ____35____ urselves t ur planet, t each ther, t life and lve all arund us.
21. A. initiativeB. missinC. campaignD. activity
22. A. mildB. slightC. vilentD. permanent
23. A. rseB. landedC. buncedD. launched
24. A. sparingB. avidingC. destryingD. experiencing
25. A. merelyB. barelyC. instantlyD. frequently
26. A. pushed dwnB. brken dwnC. dragged awayD. put away
27. A. excitedB. dizzyC. enthusiasticD. refreshed
28. A. TimelessnessB. EndlessnessC. WeightlessnessD. Speechlessness
29. A. authrityB. influenceC. anticipatinD. means
30. A. sftnessB. emptinessC. thinnessD. richness
31. A. nervusnessB. cncernC. terrrD. excitement
32. A. cntrastB. distanceC. bndD. similarity
33. A. hesitatinB. jyC. dubtD. srrw
34. A. guaranteedB. securedC. psedD. celebrated
35. A. abandnB. adaptC. restrictD. cmmit
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为宇航员进入太空的经历和感受。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了这次任务，我接受了持续的专业训练。A. initiative倡议；B. missin任务；C. campaign运动；D. activity活动。根据前文“I had a chance t g int space as an astrnaut.”可知，作者有机会作为宇航员进入太空，这是一项任务。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伴随着震耳欲聋的噪音和剧烈的震动，我们起飞了。A. mild温和的；B. slight轻微的；C. vilent剧烈的；D. permanent永久的。根据前文“deafening nise”可知，震动应是剧烈的。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们上升时，我意识到重力在拉着我。A. rse上升；B. landed着陆；C. bunced弹跳；D. launched发射。根据前文“we lifted ff”可知，此处指火箭上升。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一个仪器显示我们正在经历多少个重力加速度。A. sparing抽出；B. aviding避免；C. destrying破坏；D. experiencing经历。根据后文“At tw g’s”，“At three g’s”及“Suddenly, n g’s”可知，仪器显示的是宇航员正在经历的重力情况。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在 2倍重力加速度下，我试图抬起手臂，但几乎抬不起来。A. merely仅仅；B. barely几乎不；C. instantly立即；D. frequently频繁地。根据前文“At tw g’s, I tried t raise my arm”及常识可知，重力大的情况下手臂难以抬起。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在 3 倍重力加速度下，我感觉自己的脸被压进了座椅里。A. pushed dwn按下；B. brken dwn分解；C. dragged away拖走；D. put away收起来。根据前文“At three g’s,”可知，重力会将身体向下压。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：感到头晕目眩，我想：“我会昏过去吗？”A. excited兴奋的；B. dizzy头晕的；C. enthusiastic热情的；D. refreshed精神焕发的。根据后文“Will I pass ut?”可知，作者感到头晕目眩，担心自己会昏过去。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：失重！我们在漂浮！A. Timelessness永恒；B. Endlessness无尽；C. Weightlessness失重；D. Speechlessness无言。根据后文“We were flating!”可知，漂浮是失重的表现。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：凝视着太空，我发现一切都超出了我的预期。A. authrity权威；B. influence影响；C. anticipatin预期；D. means方法。根据后文“I saw a cld, black ______. It was unlike any blackness we can see r feel n Earth. My initial ______ disappeared, and I felt really dwn.”可知，太空景象与预想不同，超出预期。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到一片寒冷、漆黑的虚无。A. sftness柔软；B. emptiness空虚，虚无；C. thinness薄；D. richness丰富。根据前文“I saw a cld, black”及常识可知，太空的漆黑给人虚无的感觉。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最初的兴奋消失了，我感到非常沮丧。A. nervusness紧张；B. cncern关心；C. terrr恐怖；D. excitement兴奋。根据前文“Nw I was really n tp f the wrld.”可知，作者刚进入太空时的兴奋消失了。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：太空的寒冷与下方地球温暖的滋养之间出乎意料的对比，让我充满了悲伤。A. cntrast对比；B. distance距离；C. bnd结合；D. similarity相似性。根据后文“the cldness f space and the warm nurturing f Earth belw”可知，太空的寒冷与下方地球的温暖形成了鲜明对比。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. hesitatin犹豫；B. jy喜悦；C. dubt怀疑；D. srrw悲伤。根据后文“I was sad that”可知，这种对比让作者充满了悲伤。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很难过，我们正在做的许多事情对我们的生存构成了巨大的威胁。A. guaranteed保证；B. secured确保；C. psed造成；D. celebrated庆祝。根据后文“great threat t ur survival n Earth.”可知，作者认为人类做的事情对我们的生存构成了威胁，pse a threat t“对……构成威胁”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道是时候我们应该致力于我们的星球、彼此、生命以及我们周围的爱了。A. abandn抛弃；B. adapt适应；C. restrict限制；D. cmmit承诺，致力于。根据前文“we were ding many things that ______ great threat t ur survival n Earth.”及后文“urselves t ur planet, t each ther, t life and lve all arund us.”可知，作者认为现在是时候呼吁人类致力于地球保护，cmmit neself t“致力于”。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
German sinlgist (汉学家) Martin Wesler, ____36____ a lifelng enthusiast f Chinese culture and literature, has lived, wrked and studied in China fr ver 30 years. Recently he made his first visit t Dunhuang, a city n the ld Silk Rad in nrthwest ____37____ (China) Gansu Prvince. Despite his lengthy stay in the cuntry, Dunhuang ended up ____38____ (prvide) him with a cultural experience unlike any ther.
Befre ging t Dunhuang, Wesler had dne his hmewrk. Frm bks, he gathered vivid impressins f Dunhuang — a city encircled by desert, a treasure f art and heritage, ____39____ a cultural crssrads shaped by centuries f Silk Rad exchanges. Hwever, when the wrds and images cntained in the bks ____40____ (cnfirm) by his wn eyes, Wesler was ttally impressed by ____41____ unexpected sense f cultural cnnectin — ne that bridged bth time and gegraphy.
In Cave 285, ften ____42____ (refer) t as a “gathering f diverse cultures”, the murals (壁画) feature an extrardinary cllectin f ____43____ (figure) — Apll and Diana frm Greek tales, Fuxi and Nuwa frm Chinese ancient stries, flying Apsaras frm Indian Buddhism and feathered immrtals frm Taism. “____44____ (incredible), such magnificent, diverse and millennia-ld civilizatins cexist harmniusly within a single cave,” nted Wesler.
“Dunhuang is truly an amazing place. Few places have such deep cultural influence in the wrld,” said Wesler, _____45_____ believes that even tday, acrss thusands f years, peple frm different cuntries can still draw wisdm and strength frm. Dunhuang’s spirit f inclusiveness and mutual learning.
【答案】36. as 37. China’s 38. prviding 39. and 40. were cnfirmed 41. an 42. referred 43. figures 44. Incredibly 45. wh
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了德国汉学家马丁·沃斯勒在中国生活30余年，首访敦煌，被其多元文化和谐共存打动，认为敦煌精神仍具现实意义。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：德国汉学家马丁·沃泽勒，作为一位对中国文化与文学有着深厚热爱的人士，他在中国生活、工作和学习了超过30年。表示“作为”且空后为名词短语a lifelng enthusiast，应用介词as。故填as。
【37题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：最近，他首次造访了敦煌——这座位于中国西北部甘肃省、地处古代丝绸之路沿线的城市。此处China与Gansu Prvince为所属关系，用名词所有格形式。故填China’s。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管他在敦煌待了很长时间，但这段经历最终却为他带来了独一无二的文化体验。短语end up ding sth.表示“最终做某事”。故填prviding。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：通过阅读书籍，他深刻地领略到了敦煌的风貌——这座被沙漠环绕的城市，是艺术与文化遗产的宝库，也是因数百年丝绸之路交流而形成的文化交汇之地。a city encircled by desert, a treasure f art and heritage, 和a cultural crssrads是并列关系，故用连词and。故填and。
【40题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：然而，当那些书中所包含的文字和图像被他亲眼所见时，沃泽尔却完全被一种意想不到的、跨越时空与地域的文化联系所深深打动。主语the wrds and images与谓语构成被动关系，发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填were cnfirmed。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：然而，当那些书中所包含的文字和图像被他亲眼所见时，沃泽尔却完全被一种意想不到的、跨越时空与地域的文化联系所深深打动。sense是可数名词，此处表示泛指“一种意想不到的文化连接感”，且unexpected是以元音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词 an。故填an。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：第285窟常被称为“多元文化的聚集地”，窟内壁画刻画了一系列非凡的人物形象——有希腊传说中的阿波罗与狄安娜，有中国古代神话中的伏羲与女娲，有印度佛教中的飞天，还有道教中的羽仙。此处Cave 285与refer构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填referred。
【43题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：第285窟常被称为“多元文化的聚集地”，窟内壁画刻画了一系列非凡的人物形象——有希腊传说中的阿波罗与狄安娜，有中国古代神话中的伏羲与女娲，有印度佛教中的飞天，还有道教中的羽仙。figure在此处意为“人物”，是可数名词，根据前面的an extrardinary cllectin f可知，应用复数形式故填figures。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：沃泽勒指出：“令人难以置信的是，如此宏伟、多样且拥有数千年历史的文明竟能在同一个洞穴中和谐共存。”修饰后文句子用副词incredibly，首字母大写。故填Incredibly。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：“几乎没有哪个地方能像这里一样，在世界范围内拥有如此深远的文化影响力，”沃泽勒说道。他认为，即便在数千年之后，不同国家的人们依然可以从这里汲取智慧和力量。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是Wesler，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故填wh。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，几天前高三毕业典礼上一位毕业生的演讲引发了你对成功的思考。请你以What success means t me为题写一篇英文周记。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Friday, July 18,2025
What success means t me
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Friday, July 18,2025
What success means t me
The graduate’s speech at the ceremny lingered in my mind, making me rethink success. He said it’s never just abut tp grades r public praise, which really struck a chrd.
T me, success is in the jurney: daring t try when scared, learning frm every failure, and keeping kindness while pushing frward. Thse small, steady effrts matter mre than any single grand achievement.
I wn’t chase thers’ definitins. Instead, I’ll cherish each step f grwth, stay true t wh I am, and call that real success.
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The spring I fund Maheegun, it was a trembling baby wlf, letting ut weak cries. Thankfully, my grandfather finally agreed t let me keep him. Maheegun and I sn became the best hunting partners. He was always circling arund, squeaking lw r jumping n me t shw hw much he lved me.
Sn Maheegun grew int a handsme black guy. One night, I was wken up by a series f lud, unbrken hwls. The whle wrld seemed thrilled t the wild cries. Strangely, Maheegun sat still, ears pinted, listening. Slwly, he raised his head and let ut a lng and eager “O — — w — w”. Then, frm the distance, sfter calls eched back in reply. With the deep sunds f pleasure, Maheegun slipped ut and made his way acrss the land. “He’s gne.” My grandfather whispered, “He belngs t nature. N man can change it.” I tried t tell myself it was all fr the best, but it was hard t lse Maheegun.
Fr the next tw years when I ccasinally heard wlf cries frm distant hills, I wuld wnder if Maheegun was still remembering me. It was nt lng befre I fund the answer.
Easter came early that year and I went t visit my grandpa n my wn. I had nt gne far befre big flakes f snw began drifting dwn. The snw thickened fast and made a blanket f white darkness. I sn fund I was lst. There was nly ne thing t d — camp fr the night. I fund a shelter, made a bed f branches and started a fire. Unexpectedly, the strm was even wrse. It cntinued fr anther tw days withut any sign f ending. I began t get wrried. Withut rescue, I wuld be in danger.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly, I heard a wild cry frm utside, “O — — w — w!”
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After what seemed a lng time, I sptted Maheegun again, this time Grandpa fllwing behind.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Suddenly, I heard a wild cry frm utside, “O — — w — w!” What a familiar cry! I shuted ut, “Maheegun!” with all my strength. Just as I hped, it was he! Maheegun jumped n me befre I pened the dr f the shelter. He circled arund, squeaking lw as if celebrating seeing me again. Obviusly he still remembered me and lved me. I strked his fur gently and whispered, “Maheegun, can yu g and fetch Grandpa? I need help!” He seemed t understand, ndding slightly befre turning and disappearing int the big flakes fsnw. (83)
After what seemed a lng time, I sptted Maheegun again, this time Grandpa fllwing behind. Seeing me safe and sund, Grandpa breathed a sigh f relief. Patting Maheegun n the head, he said, “Yu’ve gt a lyal friend. He didn’t hesitate fr a secnd and led me straight t yur rescue.” I hugged Maheegun tightly, tears welling up in my eyes. The strm finally stpped and the sun cast a glden glw n the snw. I knew it was time fr us t say gdbye again, but hwever far apart we were, the lve between Maheegun and me wuld last frever. (86)