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专题11非谓语动词之V-ing(课件)-2026年高考英语语法精选精讲精讲练(全国通用)
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这是一份专题11非谓语动词之V-ing(课件)-2026年高考英语语法精选精讲精讲练(全国通用),共53页。
一、V-ing概念表述
二、V-ing的句法功能
三、V-ing 形式注意事项
四、V-ing能力提升练
五、V-ing能力提升检测
V-ing是非谓语动词:这是最关键的一点。V-ing 不能单独在句子中充当谓语动词,它失去了动词“充当谓语”的核心功能。V-ing 形式(也称为 -ing 形式)是由动词原形加上后缀 -ing 构成的(如:d -> ding, see -> seeing, run -> running)。它保留动词特性:可以带宾语: 如果原动词是及物动词,它的 V-ing 形式后面可以接宾语。
例:Reading bks is enjyable. (reading 带宾语 bks)可以被状语修饰,可以被副词等修饰。例:He left withut saying anything. (saying 被状语 withut anything 修饰,anything 是 saying 的宾语)可以有逻辑主语,有时会有一个动作的执行者(逻辑主语),通常用名词所有格、代词所有格或宾格表示。例:I appreciate yur helping me. (yur 是 helping 的逻辑主语)
有时态和语态的变化:一般主动式: ding (表示主动、一般或进行意义)一般被动式: being dne (表示被动、一般意义)完成主动式: having dne (表示主动、在谓语动作之前完成)完成被动式: having been dne (表示被动、在谓语动作之前完成)它获得名词、形容词或副词特性: 正因为失去了做谓语的能力,V-ing 形式可以在句子中扮演其他词性的角色(主要是名词、形容词和副词),这也是它最重要的句法功能。
V-ing 形式在句子中主要可以充当以下成分:名词性作用:这时传统上称为动名词 。作主语:Smking is harmful t health.Learning a new language takes time.作宾语:动词宾语: I enjy reading. / She suggested ging t the park.介词宾语: He is interested in cking. / Befre leaving, turn ff the lights.
作表语 (主语补足语):His hbby is cllecting stamps. (说明主语 hbby 是什么)Seeing is believing.The news is exciting. (描述主语 news 的特征或状态)The mvie was bring. (注意:此时描述的是电影的性质,而不是动作)形容词性作用:这时传统上称为 现在分词 。作定语 (修饰名词):前置定语: a sleeping baby (= a baby wh is sleeping), a bring mvie (= a mvie that is bring)后置定语:The man standing at the dr is my teacher. (= The man wh is standing at the dr...)
作宾语补足语:I saw him crssing the street. (补充说明宾语 him 正在进行的动作)She kept me waiting.副词性作用:这时也属于现在分词 。作状语: 修饰整个句子或谓语动词,表示时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、伴随等。通常用逗号与主句隔开。时间: Walking dwn the street, I met an ld friend. (= While I was walking...)
原因: Feeling tired, he went t bed early. (= Because he felt tired...)条件: Wrking hard, yu will succeed. (= If yu wrk hard...)结果: He fired a sht, killing the bird. (表示 sht 带来的结果)伴随/方式: She sat by the windw, reading a bk. (表示与 sat 同时发生的另一个动作)让步: Having failed many times, he didn't give up. (= Althugh he had failed many times...)
以下动词后面既能跟V-ing,也能跟不定式,但意思不同remember t d记得去做某事(动作发生在remember之后)remember ding记得做过某事(动作发生在remember之前)Please remember t tell me yur decisin.Can’t yu remember telling me the stry last week?frget t d忘记去做某事(动作发生在frget之后)frget ding忘记做过某事(动作发生在frget之前)I was s busy yesterday that I frgt t call yu.I will never frget seeing the Great Wall.
regret t d遗憾要做某事regret ding后悔做过某事I regret t tell yu that yu haven’t passed the driving test.I regret wasting s much mney.stp t d停止做A,开始做Bstp ding停止正在做的事情The teacher asked the students t stp talking.The driver stpped t have a rest when he arrived at the tp f the muntain.cntinue t d继续做某事(中间有去做其它事)cntinue ding继续做某事(中间没有去做其它事)
After a rest, he cntinues ding the experiment.After he finished reading a nvel, he cntinued t play with the children.try t d尽力做某事try ding试着做某事Frank tried t slve the prblem by himself.If yu want t imprve the taste, try adding sme sugar.mean t d计划做某事mean ding意味着某事I didn’t mean t make yu angry.Yur plan wuld mean lsing mney.
3)介词t后面跟V-ing作宾语习惯于be accustmed/used t把……奉献给/投身于 devted t/devte neself t be cmmitted t/cmmit neself tbe dedicated t/dedicate neself t与……有关be related t/be linked t能胜任,等于be equal t除……之外in additin t期盼lk frward t
反对bject t坚持stick t/keep t导致lead t注意pay attentin t使……暴露于/接触expse …t/be expsed t……的关键the key t由于wing/due/thanks t谈及when it cmes t……的路上the way t对(……)有贡献/促成cntributed(...) t归功于we... t
将……应用于apply …t(使)适应adapt(...) t勇敢面对face up t对(……)敏感be sensitive t……的障碍bstacle t为了with a view t提及refer t与(……)相似be similar t在(……)之前prir t
V-ing的逻辑主语关于V-ing的逻辑主语,有三种情况。第一种情况是在特定语境中,V-ing的逻辑主语是不言而喻的,因此无需表达出来。如:Ben suggested ging by taxi.在这句话中,是哪些人ging by taxi,对于参与谈话的人来说不会造成误解。第二种情况是V-ing的逻辑主语已经在句子中的其他地方出现,因此也无需表达出来。如:Wuld yu mind pening the windw?在这句话中,pening the windw的逻辑主语显然是yu。第三种情况是V-ing 带有自己的逻辑主语,若不表达出来则可能造成歧义。如:She insisted n me ging.在这句话中,如果省略了me,则句意会发生变化。V-ing的逻辑主语可以采用名词或名词所有格的形式,也可以采用代词宾格或形容词性物主代词的形式。如:
I dn’t mind him staying with us.I dn’t mind his staying with us.I dn’t mind Edisn staying with us.I dn’t mind Edisn’s staying with us.但若在句中作主语,则逻辑主语通常只用所有格。如:Her resigning frm the cmpany made her bss disappinted.His refusing t accept the invitatin is really surprising.
V-ing的主动表被动1. want, need, require, deserve+ding = +t be dneThis pint deserves mentining.The garden needs cleaning.2. be wrth dingThese questins are wrth discussing.This type f smart phnes isn’t wrth buying.
V-ing的词组及句型1. It is n use/gd ding…It’s n use making an excuse fr this.It’s n gd cheating yur parents.2. There is n pint/sense+(in) is n pint(in) arguing with him.There is n sense(in) calling the service center.3. have difficulty/truble/a hard time(in) + had great difficulty(in) slving the prblem.We had a difficult time(in) persuading him.
4. spend/waste+时间/金钱 + (in) + spend a lt f time(in) preparing fr the party.Terry has wasted a lt f mney(in) buying these electrnic prducts.5. be busy is busy ding the research.I am busy decrating my new flat.6. can’t help dingHearing the funny stry. I culdn't help laughing.Sme weak-minded peple can’t help being persuaded t d what is illegal.
1.(2025高三上·全国·专题练习)Studying hard (be) nt always fun, but I’ll be well prepared fr university r whatever else cmes in the future. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】is【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:努力学习并不总是有趣的,但我会为大学或未来出现的任何事情做好充分准备。此处陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,动名词短语作主语,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is。2.(2025高三上·全国·专题练习)The rain cntinued (pur) all afternn, causing flding in sme areas f the city. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】t pur/puring【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:大雨持续了整个下午,导致该市一些地区发生洪水。结合“all afternn”可知,此处用动词短语cntinue t d或cntinue ding均可,描述自然延续、无明显中断的动作,表示“继续做某事”,因此用pur“倾盆而下”的不定式或动名词形式,作宾语。故填t pur/puring。
3.(2025高三上·全国·专题练习)The (meet) rm, designed in a practical way, is n the secnd flr and can hld up t 50 peple fr varius discussins. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】meeting【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这间会议室设计实用,位于二楼,最多可容纳50人进行各种讨论。设空处修饰名词rm作定语表示用途,应用动名词形式meeting,故填meeting。4.(2025高三下·全国·专题练习)As sn as the kids heard the funny jke, they culdn’t help (shut) with laughter. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】shuting【详解】考查动名词。句意:孩子们一听到这个有趣的笑话,就忍不住大笑起来。culdn’t help ding sth.是固定搭配,意为“忍不住做某事”。故填shuting。
5.(24-25高一上·全国·课后作业)Chinese plays an increasingly imprtant rle in (imprve) cmmunicatin and cperatin between China and the rest f the wrld. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】imprving【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:中文在促进中国与世界其他地区的交流与合作方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。play a rle in ...是固定短语,意为“在……中起作用;在……方面扮演角色”,其中in是介词,介词后接动词时,要用其动名词形式 。imprve的动名词形式是imprving。故填imprving。6.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)Avid (steretype) peple based n their appearance. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】steretyping【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:避免根据外表对人形成刻板印象。动词avid后应该用动名词形式作宾语。故填steretyping。
7.(2025高三·全国·专题练习) (phish) scams ften mimic bank websites. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Phishing【详解】考查动名词。句意:网络钓鱼骗局常模仿银行网站。空格处需作定语修饰名词scams,所给词phish为动词,意为“网络钓鱼”,其动名词形式phishing作定语,表明scams的类型或用途。故填Phishing。8.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)It’s a cnflict that we aren’t getting any better at (reslve). (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】reslving【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这是一个我们无法更好地解决的冲突。“at”为介词,空格处应用动名词作宾语,“reslve”意为“解决”,动词词性,动名词形式为“reslving”。故填reslving。
9.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)Such a meaningful activity is well wrth (rganize) again. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】rganizing【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这样一个有意义的活动非常值得再次组织。固定短语be wrth ding意为“值得做某事”,空处应用rganize“组织”的动名词形式,作宾语。故填rganizing。10.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)She entertained us all the mrning and she deserved (praise). (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】t be praised/praising【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她一上午都在逗我们开心,她值得被表扬。此处为非谓语动词作deserve的宾语,praise与逻辑主语she之间为被动关系,所以此处可以使用“deserved t be praised”或“deserved praising”表示“值得表扬”符合句意。。故填t be praised/praising。
11.(2025高三上·全国·专题练习)As climate change warms up the planet, (melt) ice is frcing plar bears t get clser t human habitats, leading t dangerus interactins. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】melting【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:随着气候变化使地球变暖,正在融化的冰迫使北极熊靠近人类栖息地,导致危险的人熊互动。分析句子结构可知,此空应填非谓语, ice与melt为主动关系,再由语境可知,此空应用现在分词作定语修饰后面名词,melting,表“正在融化的”,符合语境。故填melting。12.(2025高三上·全国·专题练习)The psychlgy curse is an exciting pprtunity fr anyne (wish) t deepen their understanding f themselves and ther peple. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】wishing【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:对于任何希望加深对自己和他人理解的人来说,心理学课程都是一个令人兴奋的机会。本句谓语为is,此处为非谓语动词,作后置定语,修饰anyne,anyne和wish“希望”为逻辑主谓关系,需填现在分词形式。故填wishing。
13.(2025高三上·全国·专题练习) (wrk) in space, astrnauts must wear spacesuits because there is n air t breathe and it can be very cld utside the spacecraft. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Wrking【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:宇航员在太空工作时,必须穿宇航服,因为太空舱外没有空气可以呼吸,而且可能非常寒冷。句子已有谓语动词must wear,且没有连词,所以空处应填非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语astrnauts与动词wrk之间为主动关系,所以应用现在分词wrking作状语,表示宇航员在太空进行工作的状态。设空处位于句首, 首字母需大写。故填Wrking。14.(2025高三上·全国·专题练习)At that time Lin was even seen (ride) a dnkey t faraway villages t prvide medical care. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】riding【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当时,林甚至被看到骑着驴到遥远的村庄提供医疗服务。句中已有谓语was seen,空处作非谓语动词,ride与逻辑主语Lin之间是主动关系,且强调“被看到正在骑着驴”,所以空处应用现在分词形式,作主语补足语。故填riding。
15.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)Li started psting shrt vides n Sina Weib in 2016, (feature) petic prtrayals f rural life, traditinal cking techniques, and cultural practices, such as making ink and clthing. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】featuring【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:李从2016年开始在新浪微博上发布短视频,这些视频以诗意的乡村生活描绘、传统烹饪技巧以及诸如制墨和制衣等文化习俗为特色。“(feature) petic prtrayals f rural life, traditinal cking techniques, and cultural practices, such as making ink and clthing”在句中作状语,feature(以……为特色)用非谓语形式,与其逻辑主语shrt vides之间是主动关系,用现在分词表主动。故填featuring。16.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)The tw mst cmmn types amng all the caves are thse with a niche (壁龛) (cntain) sculptures n the west wall, and caves with a central clumn cvered in sculptures. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】cntaining【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在所有洞穴中,最常见的两种类型是西墙上有包含雕塑的壁龛的洞穴,以及中央立柱上覆盖着雕塑的洞穴。空白处在句子中作后置定语,修饰名词niche,动词cntain和名词niche之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词,故填cntaining。
17.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)A team f 12, including fur perfrmers, uses willw scps t fling (抛) mlten irn nt a cld wall, (create) a tree f sparks. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】creating【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:一个由12人组成的团队,包括4名表演者,用柳勺将铁水抛向冰冷的墙壁,从而产生了火花树。“(create) a tree f sparks”作结果状语,create(创造,造成)用非谓语形式,与其逻辑主语“A team f 12”之间是主动关系,用现在分词表主动。故填creating。18.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)Despite the challenges, he believes that with the previus generatin (pass) n their knwledge and the next generatin willing t take up the craft, the traditin f birdcage making can be preserved and cntinue. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】passing【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管面临挑战,但他相信,随着上一代人传授知识,下一代人愿意从事这项工作,雀笼制作的传统可以得到保留和延续。此处用了with的复合结构,空处作宾语补足语,pass n“传递”和the previus generatin逻辑上是主动关系,因此用pass的现在分词形式。故填passing。
19.(2024高三上·全国·专题练习)Twn planning was a particular cncern t the Chinese, with many f its ntable features still (cntribute) significantly t mdern architecture. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】cntributing【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:城镇规划是中国人特别关注的问题,其许多显著特点至今仍对现代建筑有重大贡献。cntribute t (为……做贡献;促成)在with复合结构中作宾语补足语,用非谓语动词形式,与其逻辑主语“many f its ntable features”之间是主动关系,用现在分词表主动。故填cntributing。20.(24-25高三上·四川广安·阶段练习)Last year I was ut f the cuntry, (sweat) in a ht climate during the snwy seasn. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】sweating【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:去年我出国了,在雪季却在一个炎热的气候中汗流浃背。句中已有谓语动词was ,设空处应用非谓语动词,I和sweat之间为主动关系,应用现在分词形式作状语。故填sweating。
21.(2026高三·全国·专题练习)花太多的时间和精力在游戏上对我们的健康有害,而且它们是不真实的。(动名词作主语) is harmful t ur health and they are nt real.【答案】Spending t much time and energy n games【详解】考查动名词作主语。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“花太多的时间和精力在游戏上”,“花费……在……上”翻译为,应用动名词短语作主语;“太多的时间和精力”翻译为t much time and energy;“游戏”翻译为games。故填Spending t much time and energy n games。
22.(2026高三·全国·专题练习)通过远离各种社交媒体应用程序,我们不仅可以专注于学习,还可以更多地与现实中的人交流。(by ding 句式) , we can nt nly cncentrate n studies, but als cmmunicate mre with peple in reality.【答案】By staying away frm the varius scial media apps【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。表示“通过”用介词by,后跟动名词作宾语;表示“远离”为stay away frm;表示“各种社交媒体应用程序”可用the varius scial media apps。故填By staying away frm the varius scial media apps。23.(2025高三上·全国·专题练习) (努力学习并不总是有趣的), but I’ll be well prepared fr university r whatever else cmes in the future. (根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】Studying hard isn’t always fun【详解】考查动名词短语和形容词。句意:努力学习并不总是有趣的,但我会为大学或未来的任何其他事情做好准备。根据汉语意思提示可知,“努力学习”可译为“study hard”,在句中作主语,需用动名词形式“studying hard”;表示“有趣的”为形容词fun;句子为主系表结构,谓语动词用be动词,陈述客观事实,使用一般现在时,主语为动名词短语,be动词用is;“并不总是有趣的”可译为 “isn’t always fun”。故填Studying hard isn’t always fun。
24.(2021高三·全国·专题练习)在我看来,拥有健康的饮食习惯会对我们的健康有益。 , gd healthy eating habits will ur health.【答案】 In my pinin having be gd fr【详解】考查固定短语和动名词作主语。根据句意,第一、二、三空表示“在我看来”为固定短语in my pinin,位于句首单词首字母需大写,所以第一、二、三空填In my pinin;第四空表示“拥有”为have,此处为非谓语动词作主语,表示一般性动作,所以使用动名词having作主语,所以第四空为having;第五、六、七空表示“对……有益”为固定短语be gd fr,所以第五、六、七空填be gd fr。故填①In②my③pinin④having⑤be⑥gd⑦fr。
25.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)动作捕捉技术帮助运动员纠正空中姿态。 helps athletes crrect mid-air pstures.【答案】Mtin capture【详解】考查名词。“动作”用名词mtin表示,作定语;“捕捉”用名词capture;“动作捕捉技术”翻译为mtin capture,作主语。故填Mtin capture。26.(2026高三·全国·专题练习)歌剧演出是为提高人们保护鸟类的意识,在学校内外都赢得了欢迎。Operas were perfrmed t raise peple's awareness f bird prtectin, .【答案】winning great ppularity in and utside ur schl【详解】考查非谓语动词。“赢得”win,“欢迎”great ppularity,“在我们学校内外”in and utside ur schl,句中已有谓语were perfrmed,空处作非谓语,win与逻辑主语Operas之间是主动关系,应用现在分词形式作状语。故填winning great ppularity in and utside ur schl。
27.(2026高三·全国·专题练习)毫无疑问,随着学生智能手机拥有量的急剧增加,智能手机改变了我们的交流方式。(with复合结构)Undubtedly, , the smartphne has transfrmed the way we cmmunicate.【答案】with smartphne wnership amng students increasing sharply【详解】考查with的复合结构。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“随着学生智能手机拥有量的急剧增加”,“随着”使用介词with,构成with复合结构作状语;“智能手机拥有量”翻译为smartphne wnership;“学生中”翻译为amng students;“急剧增加”翻译为increase sharply,increase与其逻辑主语smartphne wnership amng students是主动关系,应用现在分词形式increasing作宾语补足语。故填with smartphne wnership amng students increasing sharply。
28.(2026高三·全国·专题练习)我们可以与他人交流我们对所读书籍的看法,这使得聊天时更容易开始交谈。(现在分词作结果状语)We can exchange ur pinins abut bks we read with thers, 【答案】making it easier t start a cnversatin while chatting【详解】考查固定句型和非谓语动词。“这使得更容易开始交谈”可用固定句型make it+adj.+t d来表达,it是形式宾语,不定式是真正的宾语,“更容易的”表达为easier,“开始交谈”start a cnversatin,此处用其不定式形式;“聊天时”可处理为状语从句的省略形式,表达为while chatting。句中已有谓语动词can exchange,make应用非谓语动词,表示“我们可以与他人交流我们对所读书籍的看法”自然而然产生的后果,应用现在分词。综上,故填making it easier t start a cnversatin while chatting。
29.(2025高三上·全国·专题练习)I pinted at (坐在离我位置最近的男孩), wh is the tallest by in ur class. (根据汉语提示用非谓语动词(短语)完成句子)【答案】the by sitting nearest t me【详解】考查名词、非谓语动词和动词短语。句意:我指着坐得离我最近的那个男孩,他是我们班个子最高的男孩。根据汉语意思提示以及句子的要求提示可知,表示“男孩”为名词the by,后接非谓语动词作后置定语修饰the by,表示“坐得离我最近”应为动词短语sit nearest t me,和the by为主动关系,所以为现在分词形式。故填the by sitting nearest t me。
30.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)Everyne seemed excited abut the event. They scheduled their time arund it with great anticipatin. (用“名词性从句”句式改写句子) 【答案】It seemed that everyne was excited abut the event, scheduling their time arund it with great anticipatin.【详解】考查主语从句和非谓语动词。句意:似乎每个人都对这次活动感到兴奋,满怀期待地安排自己的时间。根据句意以及句子的提示要求可知,要将其改写成含名词性从句的句子,可以使用句型“it seems/seemed that...”,原句使用一般过去时,动词使用过去式形式,“it”作形式主语 ,“that”引导从句作真正的主语。原句中的“Everyne seemed excited abut the event”变为“that everyne was excited abut the event”,放在“it seemed that”之后。原句中的第二句“They scheduled their time arund it with great anticipatin”,可以把主语“They”去掉,将动词“scheduled”变为现在分词“scheduling”,与主语everyne构成主动关系,使用现在分词短语作状语,表示伴随情况,说明人们在对活动感到兴奋的同时,满怀期待地安排时间。故答案是:It seemed that everyne was excited abut the event, scheduling their time arund it with great anticipatin.
31.(2025高三上·全国·专题练习)人们普遍认为定期锻炼能改善身心健康。(汉译英) 【答案】It is widely believed that exercising regularly can imprve physical and mental health.【详解】考查固定句型、非谓语动词。表示“人们普遍认为”用固定句型it is widely believed that...,其中it为形式主语,that引导的主语从句作真正的主语;表示“定期锻炼”用exercise regularly,在从句中作主语,应用动名词形式;表示“能”用can,后接动词原形;表示“改善”用imprve;表示“身心健康”用physical and mental health。故翻译为It is widely believed that exercising regularly can imprve physical and mental health.
32.(2025·上海宝山·二模)比起看恐怖电影,他更喜欢读武侠小说。(prefer) (汉译英) 【答案】He prefers reading Kung fu nvels t watching hrrr mvies.【详解】考查动词,固定短语和非谓语动词。表示“他”应用he,在本句中作主语,位于句首,首字母大写;表示“比起做……更喜欢做……”应用固定短语prefer ding sth. t ding sth.,句子描述的是一般性的喜好,时态用一般现在时,主语为第三人称单数,谓语动词prefer用单数形式;表示“看恐怖电影”应用watching hrrr mvies,为动名词短语作介词 t后宾语;表示“读武侠小说”应用reading Kung fu nvels,为动名词短语作动词prefer后宾语。故翻译为He prefers reading Kung fu nvels t watching hrrr mvies.
33.(2014·上海·高考真题)没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。(than) (汉译英) 【答案】There is nthing mre exciting than being allwed t take part in the space travel prgram.【详解】考查固定句型、形容词比较级和非谓语动词。“没有比什么……”为“There is ”“更令人兴奋的”为mre exciting。“被允许做”be allwed t d,“参加”take part in,介词than后接动名词作宾语,结合其他汉语提示,故翻译为:There is nthing mre exciting than being allwed t take part in the space travel prgram.34.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)她浑身颤抖,觉得如坐针毡。(汉译英) 【答案】She shk all ver, feeling like sitting n pins and needles.【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句子应该是描述过去发生的事情,时态应用一般过去时;主语“她”用代词she,谓语“浑身颤抖”可用动词短语shake all ver,“觉得如坐针毡”伴随谓语行为发生,可用分词作伴随状语,“感觉像是做某事”可用动词短语feel like ding,“如坐针毡”可用动词短语sit n pins and needles,feel和she逻辑上是主动关系,因此用feel的现在分词形式。故可译为:She shk all ver, feeling like sitting n pins and needles.
35.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)她悲伤到失去知觉,不能开口说话。(汉译英) 【答案】She was numb with grief and had truble speaking.【详解】考查形容词、动名词和固定短语。根据句意,该句描述的是过去发生的事情,所以使用一般过去时;表示“悲伤到失去知觉”为be numb with grief,主语“她”为she,位于句首,首字母需大写,表示“不能开口说话”可转述为“说话有困难”为have truble speaking,用于一般过去时,所以谓语动词为had,与“悲伤到失去知觉” 为并列关系,所以使用并列连词and连接。故翻译为She was numb with grief and had truble speaking.
36.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)他走到弟弟身边,轻轻地摸着杰克逊的头发,说:“对不起我发脾气了。”(汉译英) 【答案】Appraching his brther, he gently strked Jacksn’s hair, murmuring, “Srry fr lsing my temper.”【详解】考查动词(短语)、副词、名词和非谓语动词。句子在描述过去发生的事情,时态应用一般过去时;主语“他”用代词he,状语“轻轻地”可用副词gently,谓语“摸着”可用动词strke,宾语“杰克逊的头发”用名词短语Jacksn’s hair;“走到弟弟身边”和“说”可处理为分词作状语,“走到……身边”可用动词apprach,其宾语“弟弟”用名词短语his brther,“说”可用动词murmur,apprach及murmur和逻辑主语he之间都是主动关系,因此均用现在分词形式;“对不起我发脾气了”是“说”的内容,可用直接引语表示,“因做某事而对不起”可用固定表达srry fr ding,“发脾气”可用动词短语lse my temper。故可译为:Appraching his brther, he gently strked Jacksn’s hair, murmuring, “Srry fr lsing my temper.”
37.(23-24高三上·上海金山·阶段练习)持之以恒地推进植树造林,这份责任扎根在林场每位职工的心中。(persevere) (汉译英) 【答案】The respnsibility f persevering in frestatin is deep rted in the mind f every emplyee f the frest farm.【详解】考查名词、动名词短语、动词短语和时态。表示“持之以恒地推进植树造林”应用动词短语persevere in frestatin,此处应用动名词形式作宾语,表示“……的责任”应用the respnsibility f ding sth,作主语;表示“扎根于……”应用短语be deep rted in,作谓语动词,由句意陈述事实,可知此处应用一般现在时;表示“林场每位职工的心中”应用名词短语the mind f every emplyee f the frest farm,故翻译为The respnsibility f persevering in frestatin is deep rted in the mind f every emplyee f the frest farm。
38.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)他情绪高涨,感觉自己好像站在了世界之巅。(汉译英) 【答案】He was in high spirits, and felt like being n tp f the wrld.【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句子主语“他”用代词he,句首单词首字母大写,句子陈述过去的状态,时态为一般过去时,故谓语动词用was与主语he保持主谓一致,表语“情绪高涨”译为in high spirits,其后用and连接并列谓语“感觉自己好像”,译为feel like,feel用过去式形式felt,“站在了世界之巅”译为be n tp f the wrld,介词like后用动名词形式。故翻译为He was in high spirits, and felt like being n tp f the wrld.
39.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)通过他,我学会了拥有一种不屈的精神可以克服挑战,大卫确实做到了这一点。(宾语从句+动名词短语做主语)(汉译英) 【答案】Thrugh him, I learned having an unflagging spirit culd vercme challenges and David truly had that.【详解】考查非谓语动词、宾语从句及时态。“通过他”翻译为Thrugh him,在句中作方式状语。“我学会了”翻译为I learned,作主句的主谓部分,这里描述过去发生的动作,使用一般过去时。“拥有一种不屈的精神可以克服挑战”作learned的宾语,即宾语从句,从句结构完整,可以省略引导词that。其中“拥有一种不屈的精神”用动名词短语having an unflagging spirit作从句主语,表示抽象的行为或概念;“可以克服挑战”翻译为culd vercme challenges,作宾语从句的谓语和宾语部分,这里culd表示一种能力,因主句是一般过去时,从句时态与之呼应。“大卫确实做到了这一点”与前面句子用and连接。“大卫”翻译为 “David”,“确实做到了”翻译为truly had,这里用一般过去时与前文保持一致,that指代前文提到的“拥有一种不屈的精神可以克服挑战”这件事。故整句翻译为:Thrugh him, I learned having an unflagging spirit culd vercme challenges and David truly had that.
40.(24-25高一上·重庆·阶段练习)即使你不确定结果,迈出第一步也会对实现目标产生影响。(even if, difference) (汉译英) 【答案】Even if yu are nt sure abut the result, taking the first step will make a difference t achieving yur gal.【详解】考查让步状语从句、非谓语动词、固定短语。表示“即使”用even if,引导让步状语从句,句首单词首字母大写。让步状语从句中:表示“你”用yu,作主语;表示“不确定”用be nt sure abut,句子描述一般事实,时态用一般现在时,主语为yu,be动词用are;表示“这个结果”用the result,作宾语。主句中:表示“迈出第一步”用take the first step,作主语,用动名词形式。表示“对做某事产生影响”用make a difference t ding sth.,主句描述将来的事情,句子时态用一般将来时,谓语用will make。表示“实现你的目标”用achieve yur gal,用动名词,作介词t的宾语。故翻译为Even if yu are nt sure abut the result, taking the first step will make a difference t achieving yur gal.
41.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)在当地公园做社区服务时, Jessica清理了垃圾, 还种了一些小花。(用“非谓语动词”句式汉译英) 【答案】Ding cmmunity service in the lcal park, Jessica cleaned up the litter, planting sme small flwers as well.【详解】考查非谓语动词。“在当地公园做社区服务”表示为d cmmunity service in the lcal park,为时间状语,并且d和主语Jessica之间是主动关系,所以可以用现在分词作状语,“清理了垃圾”表示为clean up the litter,作谓语,描述过去的事情,用一般过去时,“还种了一些小花”表示为plant sme small flwers as well,和主语Jessica之间是主动关系,也用现在分词作状语,故翻译为Ding cmmunity service in the lcal park, Jessica cleaned up the litter, planting sme small flwers as well.
42.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)通过每天练习和从错误中学习,她赢得了游泳比赛。(用“非谓语动词”句式汉译英) 【答案】Ding daily practice and learning frm mistakes, she wn the swimming cmpetitin.【详解】考查非谓语动词、动词短语和时态。根据句意以及句子要求提示可知,表示“每天练习”应为动词短语d daily practice;表示“从错误中学习”应为动词短语learn frm mistakes;和逻辑主语“she”为主动关系,所以为现在分词形式,故用现在分词“ding”和 “learning”构成并列短语,作状语;表示“赢得了游泳比赛”应为动词短语win the swimming cmpetitin;结合句意可知,该句应为陈述过去发生的事情,为一般过去时。故翻译为:Ding daily practice and learning frm mistakes, she wn the swimming cmpetitin.
43.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)在教练的鼓励下,Tm每天练习,逐渐提高了速度。(用“非谓语动词”句式汉译英) 【答案】Encuraged by his cach, Tm practiced daily, imprving his speed gradually.【详解】考查非谓语动词。该句中主语为Tm,表示“练习”为practice作谓语,结合句意,该句描述的是过去发生的事情,所以使用一般过去时,谓语动词为practiced,表示“每天”为daily,所以,“Tm每天练习”译为Tm practiced daily;表示“鼓励”为encurage,与逻辑主语Tm之间是被动关系,用过去分词形式作状语,表示“教练”为his cach,所以“在教练的鼓励下”可译为encuraged by his cach作状语;表示“逐渐提高了速度”为imprve his speed gradually,是“每天练习”的结果,Tm与“imprve”是主动关系,用现在分词短语“imprving his speed gradually”作结果状语。故翻译为Encuraged by his cach, Tm practiced daily, imprving his speed gradually.
44.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)她自豪地笑了,拿着试卷给父母看。(用“非谓语动词”句式汉译英) 【答案】She smiled prudly, hlding her test paper and shwing it t her parents.【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词。根据提示要求,可将“拿着试卷给父母看”处理为状语。句子陈述过去的事情,应用一般过去时,主语是she,谓语“笑”用smile,状语“自豪地”用prudly;“拿着”用动词hld,“展示”用shw,这两个动词和逻辑主语she之间是主动关系,都用现在分词,作伴随状语;“试卷”表达为test paper,作hlding的宾语;“把某物给某人看”表达为shw sth. t sb.,“她的父母”表达为her parents,作介词t的宾语。结合其他汉语提示,故翻译为She smiled prudly, hlding her test paper and shwing it t her parents.
45.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)Nt standing a chance against cmpetitive applicants, I came ut f the interview with an upset lk. (英译汉) 【答案】自知在激烈的竞争中毫无胜算,我走出面试室时一脸沮丧。【详解】考查现在分词短语、动词短语和句子结构。分析句子可知,本句基本结构为主谓宾句型;现在分词短语Nt standing a chance against cmpetitive applicants作原因状语,其中动词短语stand a chance against意为“有机会对抗”,其否定形式Nt standing a chance against译为“没有机会对抗”,与逻辑主语I之间为主动关系,cmpetitive applicants译为“有竞争力的申请者”,该状语整体译为“自知在激烈的竞争中毫无胜算”;主语I译为“我”;谓语came ut f使用了一般过去时态,译为“走出”;宾语the interview译为“面试”,结合语境,此处指的是“走出面试室”;介词短语with an upset lk作伴随状语,译为“一脸沮丧”。故翻译为:知在激烈的竞争中毫无胜算,我走出面试室时一脸沮丧。
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