北京市西城区2024-2025学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份北京市西城区2024-2025学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第Ⅰ卷（共83分）
Ⅰ.听力理解（略）
Ⅱ.完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
Firefighters shuld be quick thinkers. In an emergency, they shuld figure ut the speediest and safest way t act, smetimes including imprvising (临时拼凑) with the things ____1____. Fire chief Fennessy knws this well. He is nw making headlines fr ____2____ tw hmes with milk and beer during a fire in Altadena, Califrnia.
Althugh Altadena was nt in his charge, Fennessy grew up there and still had family and friends there. Hearing the news f the fire, he tried t cntact his brther. When he culdn’t ____3____ his brther, Fennessy decided t drive ver t Altadena. On his way, he learned his brther’s family had been taken t safety, but since he had already made the ____4____, Fennessy figured he might as well take a lk.
When reaching the spt, Fennessy culdn’t believe his eyes at the sight f the ruins. “I haven’t seen anything like this where yu drive fr miles, and there’s massive ____5____,” Fennessy said. When he reached his brther’s street, his hme and a neighbr’s huse were still standing, but he ____6____ the flames were getting t clse, as ther nearby hmes were already burning dwn.
Even mre wrrisme, a gas meter n the neighbr’s huse was melting (熔化), surrunded by fire. Thinking he had t ____7____ the gas meter, he lked fr a hse (水龙带), but there was n water.
Explring his ptins, Fennessy ____8____ his entry thrugh the frnt dr f ne f the hmes and went int the kitchen lking fr whatever he culd use. “I ended up finding sme milk and beer,” he explained. “T d nthing means the hme’s ging t be ____9____, and in this case, a little milk and beer really saved the day.”
The tw hmes he saved are nw the nly tw huses standing n the blck. But Fennessy said he nly did what he culd as a trained firefighter and was getting a lt f ______10______ fr what was luck in terms f timing and resurces. “We’re fixers. We’re ging t put ur lives n the line,” Fennessy said.
1. A. at handB. n timeC. in rderD. in mind
2. A. cleaningB. prvidingC. savingD. filling
3. A. persuadeB. reachC. meetD. remind
4. A. dayB. tripC. changeD. appintment
5. A. accessB. prgressC. disturbanceD. destructin
6. A. frgtB. wnderedC. fearedD. ignred
7. A. clB. breakC. perateD. remve
8. A. missedB. declaredC. delayedD. frced
9. A. lstB. emptiedC. mvedD. restred
10. A. wisdmB. prideC. creditD. cnfidence
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了消防队长Fennessy在加利福尼亚州阿尔塔迪纳的一场火灾中，用牛奶和啤酒成功挽救两栋房屋的故事，展现了消防员在紧急情况下的机智与勇敢。
【1题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：在紧急情况下，他们应该想出最迅速、最安全的行动方式，有时包括利用手头的东西临时拼凑。A. at hand在手边；B. n time按时；C. in rder整齐，有序；D. in mind在脑海中。根据“imprvising (临时拼凑) with the things”可知，是利用手头现有的东西，at hand符合语境。故选A项。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他现在因在加利福尼亚州阿尔塔迪纳的一场火灾中用牛奶和啤酒挽救了两栋房屋而成为新闻焦点。A. cleaning清洁；B. prviding提供；C. saving挽救，拯救；D. filling填充。根据下文“The tw hmes he saved are nw the nly tw huses standing n the blck.”可知，Fennessy用牛奶和啤酒挽救了两栋房屋。故选C项。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当联系不上他的兄弟时，Fennessy决定开车去阿尔塔迪纳。A. persuade说服；B. reach联系，到达；C. meet遇见；D. remind提醒。根据上文“Hearing the news f the fire, he tried t cntact his brther.”可知，此处指联系不上兄弟，reach有“联系”之意。故选B项。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在路上，他得知他兄弟一家已被带到安全地带，但既然他已经踏上了行程，Fennessy觉得不妨去看一看。A. day天；B. trip行程，旅行；C. change改变；D. appintment约会，预约。根据上文“Fennessy decided t drive ver t Altadena”可知，他已经决定开车去阿尔塔迪纳，即踏上了行程，make the trip“踏上行程”。故选B项。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Fennessy说：“我从未见过这样的场景，开车行驶数英里，到处都是大规模的破坏。”A. access通道，机会；B. prgress进步；C. disturbance干扰；D. destructin破坏。根据上文“the ruins”以及“he culdn’t believe his eyes at the sight f the ruins”可知，火灾造成了大规模的破坏。故选D项。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他到达他兄弟所在的街道时，他的家和邻居的房子还矗立着，但他担心火焰越来越近，因为附近的其他房屋已经在燃烧。A. frgt忘记；B. wndered想知道；C. feared担心，害怕；D. ignred忽视。根据“the flames were getting t clse, as ther nearby hmes were already burning dwn”可知，附近房屋在燃烧，火焰逼近，所以他很担心。故选C项。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他觉得必须冷却煤气表，于是寻找水龙带，但没有水。A. cl冷却；B. break打破；C. perate操作；D. remve移除。根据上文“a gas meter n the neighbr’s huse was melting (熔化), surrunded by fire”可知，煤气表被火包围在熔化，所以要冷却它。故选A项。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在探索各种可能的办法时，Fennessy强行从前门进入其中一所房子，走进厨房寻找任何可用的东西。A. missed错过；B. declared宣布；C. delayed延迟；D. frced强行，迫使。根据当时火灾的紧急情况，房子可能处于危险或封闭状态，所以他强行从前门进入，frce ne’s entry“强行进入”。故选D项。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他解释说：“什么都不做意味着房子会失去，在这种情况下，一点牛奶和啤酒真的挽救了局面。”A. lst失去；B. emptied清空；C. mved移动；D. restred恢复。根据“T d nthing”以及火灾的情境可知，如果不采取措施房子就会被烧毁，即失去房子。故选A项。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Fennessy说，他只是做了作为一名训练有素的消防员所能做的事情，并且因为时机和资源方面的运气而获得了很多赞誉。A. wisdm智慧；B. pride骄傲；C. credit赞扬，认可；D. cnfidence信心。根据上文“he nly did what he culd as a trained firefighter”以及他挽救房屋成为新闻焦点可知，他获得了很多赞誉，get credit fr“因……而得到好评”。故选C项。
Ⅲ.阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Odyssey f the Mind (OM) prmtes creativity, prblem slving, teamwrk, and mre. It is a creative prblem-slving cmpetitin that gives kids the cnfidence t think fr themselves and t create slutins t any challenge. Independent study, riginal ideas, and critical thinking skills are rewarded ver getting the “ne right answer” thanks t ur unique pen-ended prblems that are backed by educatrs and experts in STE(A)M fields. Perfrmance, art & cultural studies are als incrprated, creating a well-runded prgram that has impacted lives fr ver 40 years. OM benefits all types f students as they learn t think utside the bx.
Participatin
● Students wrk in teams f up t seven members and spend weeks r mnths wrking tgether and creating slutins t lng-term prblems. Every year, there are six lng-term prblems designed fr them t chse frm.
● Teams are frmed by divisin and cmpete against teams in the same divisin and prblem. Grade level determines the divisin fr teams.
● In the cmpetitin, teams have eight minutes t present their lng-term prblem slutin. They will be scred fr hw well they meet the requirements f the prblem (Lng-Term scre) and fr their creativity in categries specific t that prblem (Style scre).
Cst
Yearly memberships are required t participate in OM. Each membership supprts ne team per prblem per divisin.
● Standard Membership $290: Individual schls/ Multiple schls sharing a principal.
● Additinal Membership $190: Only fr schls wh enter tw teams in the same prblem and divisin in cmpetitin.
Awards
● Ranatra Fusca Creativity Award: It represents the essence f OM. It is presented t teams r individuals wh exhibit exceptinal creativity, either thrugh sme aspect f their prblem slutin, r an extrardinary idea beynd the prblem slutin.
● OMER’s Award: It recgnizes individuals r teams wh demnstrate utstanding sprtsmanship, excellent behavir, r exceptinal talent.
● Odyssey f the Mind Creativity Award: It recgnizes an individual and/ r rganizatin fr extrardinary creative achievement r exceptinal effrt.
● Odyssey f the Mind Spirit Award: It recgnizes an individual invlved in the prgram wh demnstrates the encuragement and develpment f cperatin, self-respect, and the appreciatin and understanding f thers.
11. What des Odyssey f the Mind value mst?
A. Having innvative slutins.B. Getting the right answer.
C. Impacting thers’ daily lives.D. Facing mre challenges.
12. In Odyssey f the Mind, students will ________.
A. wrk in grups f at least seven
B. be scred frm tw different aspects
C. address six prblems at the same time
D. prepare their slutins within eight minutes
13. The participant with the strngest sense f teamwrk is mst likely t be awarded ________.
A. OMER’s Award
B. Ranatra Fusca Creativity Award
C. Odyssey f the Mind Spirit Award
D. Odyssey f the Mind Creativity Award
【答案】11. A 12. B 13. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了“头脑奥德赛”（Odyssey f the Mind ，简称OM）这一创意解决问题竞赛，涵盖其培养能力、参与方式、费用及奖项设置等内容，旨在通过独特的开放式问题，提升学生的创造力、团队合作等多方面能力。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Independent study, riginal ideas, and critical thinking skills are rewarded ver getting the “ne right answer” thanks t ur unique pen-ended prblems that are backed by educatrs and experts in STE(A)M fields. (由于我们独特的开放式问题得到了STE(A)M领域教育工作者和专家的支持，独立学习、原创想法和批判性思维技能比得到“唯一正确答案”更受重视。)”可知，“头脑奥德赛”最看重的是有创新的解决方案。故选A项。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Participatin”部分中的“In the cmpetitin, teams have eight minutes t present their lng - term prblem slutin. They will be scred fr hw well they meet the requirements f the prblem (Lng - Term scre) and fr their creativity in categries specific t that prblem (Style scre). (在比赛中，团队有8分钟时间展示他们的长期问题解决方案。他们将根据满足问题要求的程度（长期得分）以及在该问题特定类别中的创造力（风格得分）进行评分。)”可知，在“头脑奥德赛”中，学生将从两个不同方面被评分。故选B项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Awards”部分中的“Odyssey f the Mind Spirit Award: It recgnizes an individual invlved in the prgram wh demnstrates the encuragement and develpment f cperatin, self - respect, and the appreciatin and understanding f thers. (‘头脑奥德赛精神奖’：该奖项表彰参与该项目的个人，其表现出对合作、自尊的鼓励和培养，以及对他人的欣赏和理解。)”可知，最有团队合作意识的参与者最有可能获得“头脑奥德赛精神奖”。故选C项。
B
I’ve always been a daring risk taker. But when I was 15, my luck ran ut. A hrseback riding accident resulted in severe injuries, the death f my belved hrse Spks, and the hrrible news that I’d never ride again. I was set n prving the dctrs wrng. Just a few mnths later, with my mther’s supprt, I rde sidesaddle and wn my first jumping cmpetitin. The excitement was incredible.
Frm then n, I cmmitted my life t adventure, remembering my mther’s lessn: never say, “I can’t”. At 22, I read abut an pening t be a mtrcycle trick rider — I’d learned t ride a few years earlier. Still, it was 1976 and I knew they were unlikely t hire a wman. I thught abut that as I signed my trick rider applicatin, leaving ff the hnrific — Ms., hping t hide the fact that I was a wman. But they never gt back t me.
I was heartbrken. Maybe the psitin had already been filled; maybe they’d discvered I was a wman. My friend Steve then prpsed an idea that at first seemed crazy: learning t fly aerplanes. “Flying is fr men,” I laughed at the idea. But gradually, I realized the suggestin had stuck with me.
Years ag, trial flights — brief intrductry sessins with an instructr — cst just £5 fr 15 minutes in the air. Steve and I bth signed up, and after my first sessin, I culdn’t stp talking abut flying. I gt my license and headed fr the US t wrk as a pilt. It wasn’t easy. Initially, peple were dubtful abut a wman wrking in the rle, but I ended up utperfrming my male clleagues. Twenty years later, I returned t England and started my wn flying cmpany.
Nw, I live a quieter life. I’ve settled in a village in Linclnshire, spending much f my time vlunteering in care hmes. Last Octber, after nearly fifty years and cuntless adventures, I received a letter frm a pst ffice in Staines. It was my trick rider applicatin. The pst ffice aplgized fr the delay and explained it had been fund stuck behind a drawer in the ffice — the cmpany never received it.
Lking back, I realized that even thugh I didn’t get that jb, it led me t a series f adventures that shaped my life in unexpected and fulfilling ways.
14. What did winning the jumping cmpetitin bring t the writer?
A. The faith in friendship.
B. The acquisitin f a new skill.
C. The recgnitin f mther’s lve.
D. The determinatin t g adventuring.
15. Hw did the writer feel at first when Steve suggested learning t fly?
A. Curius.B. Inspired.C. Desperate.D. Dubtful.
16. Why did the writer fail t receive any reply abut the trick ride psitin?
A. Because she frgt t sign the applicatin.
B. Because her applicatin was nt delivered.
C. Because wmen were unfit fr the psitin.
D. Because the psitin had already been filled.
17. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. Smart plans make big dreams.
B. The best jurneys are nt mapped.
C. Dubt kills mre gals than failure.
D. Strng wmen create strng scieties.
【答案】14. D 15. D 16. B 17. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者15岁骑马受伤后仍坚持冒险，22岁申请摩托车特技骑手未获回复，后在朋友建议下学习飞行并取得成功，多年后发现申请信因邮局失误未被公司收到，这次经历让作者感悟到人生冒险之旅充满意外与惊喜。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Frm then n, I cmmitted my life t adventure, remembering my mther’s lessn: never say, “I can’t”. (从那时起，我投身于冒险生活，牢记母亲的教诲：永远不要说“我不能”)”可知，赢得跳跃比赛让作者下定决心去冒险。故选D项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Flying is fr men,” I laughed at the idea.(“飞行是男人的事”我嘲笑这个想法)”可知，当史蒂夫建议学习飞行时，作者一开始是怀疑的。故选D项。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The pst ffice aplgized fr the delay and explained it had been fund stuck behind a drawer in the ffice—the cmpany never received it.(邮局为延误道歉，并解释说信被发现卡在办公室抽屉后面——公司从未收到)”可知，作者没有收到关于特技骑手职位回复的原因是她的申请没有被送到公司。故选B项。
【17题详解】
推理判断题。主要讲述作者15岁骑马受伤后仍坚持冒险，22岁申请摩托车特技骑手未获回复，后在朋友建议下学习飞行并取得成功，多年后发现申请信因邮局失误未被公司收到，这次经历让作者感悟到人生冒险之旅充满意外与惊喜。B选项“The best jurneys are nt mapped.（最好的旅程是无法规划的。）”符合推断。故选B项。
C
Elephants and grillas in the Republic f the Cng’s rainfrests spend a lt f time hiding in the shadws — r s we thught. Using drne (无人机) surveys and AI prcessing, scientists have discvered an extensive netwrk f mysterius pen clearings amng the trees. Animals like elephants, grillas visit these muddy areas, called bais, in the languages f the Indigenus Ba’Aka, t search fr vital nutritin and maintain their cmplex scial netwrks. The numerus playgrunds are visible in satellite images, and AI analysis is helping researchers find them mre effectively.
The discvery began in 2021 when Sylvain Nguma and Evan Hckridge came upn a massive clearing during fieldwrk in Odzala-Kkua Natinal Park and fund a trail (踪迹) f wet, pt-sized ftprints leading thrugh the wds t the pen rundabut. Hckridge, wh had thught bais were abnrmal, says, “I had it backward. It kind f hit me when I was there. Yu can’t understand animal interactins withut first understanding bais.”
Fr the next three summers, the team investigated the clearings. They analyzed camera-trap images, cnfirming what lcal peple had tld them — that these natural clearings are crucial gathering grunds fr sme f the wrld’s mst endangered mammals. The bais, they realized, are big melting pts, big playgrunds, fr a cllectin f frest animals.
During the initial surveys, the team fllwed elephant trails t mve thrugh the rainfrest frm bai t bai. This prcess led Hckridge t wnder abut a netwrk. Althugh previus studies dcumented animal behavir in selected bais, n ne had cunted them r had the means t map their distributin. The team partnered with African Parks, using drnes t scan knwn sites. They trained an AI algrithm (算法) t identify bais in satellite imagery, revealing 2,176 clearings in ne park — 10 times mre than previusly recrded.
Bais are always near rivers r streams. Mst are smaller than a city blck, but few, at mre than 100 acres, are bigger than sme cllege campuses. “Bais are ultimately islands f resurces, and animals prduce these netwrks f trails t essentially navigate t and frm a netwrk f bais,” Hckridge says. The researchers’ map f bais, the first f its kind, is als a map f cnservatin pririties. “We find that a huge prtin f the animal cmmunity depends n this unique ecsystem. These species dn’t have alternative habitats ther than bais,” Hckridge says.
The study is als a step tward slving the ultimate mystery: Hw did bais frm? Many eclgists have argued that a cmbinatin f hydrlgy (水文学) and animal landscaping is at play. But definitive prf remains elusive. Nw, with a map in hand and camera traps still in place, the research team is tracking lng-term changes, which have implicatins fr the maintenance f these crucial animal habitats.
“We have hyptheses (假说),” Andrew Davies, an eclgist in Harvard, says, “but the shrt answer is: we dn’t knw.”
18. Fr rainfrest animals, bais are places fr ________.
A. fun and safetyB. water and shelter
C. fd and cnnectinD. shade and entertainment
19. What can we learn abut Nguma and Hckridge’s research?
A. It discvered hw bais frmed.
B. It was the first t map the netwrk f bais.
C. It analyzed images f bais prvided by lcal peple.
D. It cncluded bais were spts intended fr endangered species.
20. What des the underlined wrd “elusive” in Paragraph 6 prbably mean?
A. Difficult t find.B. Simple t clarify.
C. Pssible t verestimate.D. Unlikely t questin.
21. Which wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A. Cnservatin Pririties in Rainfrests
B. Hidden Playgrunds Revealed in Rainfrests
C. Secrets f Rainfrest Animals’ Scial Netwrks
D. Mdern Tls Adpted fr Rainfrest Explratin
【答案】18. C 19. B 20. A 21. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍科学家借助无人机调查和人工智能处理，在刚果共和国雨林中发现众多神秘开阔空地“bais”，这些空地对大象、大猩猩等动物意义重大，研究团队还绘制出首张“bais”网络地图，但“bais”的形成原因仍有待探索。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Animals like elephants, grillas visit these muddy areas, called bais... t search fr vital nutritin and maintain their cmplex scial netwrks.(像大象、大猩猩这样的动物会来到这些被称为bais的泥泞区域……寻找重要的营养物质，并维持它们复杂的社会网络)”可知，对于雨林动物来说，bais是获取食物（营养物质）和建立联系（维持社会网络）的地方。故选C项。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The researchers’ map f bais, the first f its kind, is als a map f cnservatin pririties.(研究人员绘制的bais地图，是此类地图中的首张，也是一张保护优先级地图)”可知，Nguma和Hckridge的研究首次绘制出了bais网络地图。故选B项。
【20题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第六段中的“The study is als a step tward slving the ultimate mystery: Hw did bais frm? Many eclgists have argued that a cmbinatin f hydrlgy(水文学) and animal landscaping is at play. But definitive prf remains elusive.(这项研究也是朝着解开最终谜团迈出的一步：bais是如何形成的？许多生态学家认为水文学和动物景观的结合在起作用。但确凿的证据仍然elusive)”以及最后一段““We have hyptheses(假说),” Andrew Davies, an eclgist in Harvard, says, “but the shrt answer is: we dn’t knw.”(哈佛大学的生态学家安德鲁·戴维斯说：“我们有一些假设，但简短的答案是：我们不知道”)”可知，虽然有一些观点，但仍不确定bais的形成原因，所以确凿证据难以找到，“elusive”意思是“Difficult t find（难以找到）”故选A项。
【21题详解】
主旨大意题。主要介绍科学家借助无人机调查和人工智能处理，在刚果共和国雨林中发现众多神秘开阔空地“bais”，这些空地对大象、大猩猩等动物意义重大，研究团队还绘制出首张“bais”网络地图，但“bais”的形成原因仍有待探索。B选项“雨林中揭示的隐藏游乐场”，准确概括文章内容，为最佳标题。故选B项。
D
Mnday was the first day f Dartmuth’s spring term. S, as I ften d at this time, I started teaching my curse fr nn-science majrs called “Understanding the Universe: Frm Atms t the Big Bang”.
This is what students like t call a “physics fr pets” class — a class that explres the histry f hw humanity has faced sme f the deepest questins we can ask abut the material wrld and ur place in it, withut the math. It is a class that tries t capture the true spirit f the liberal-arts educatin, mixing the sciences and the humanities as different and cmplementary ways f knwing the wrld and why we matter. In fancier wrds, as an intellectual histry f physics and astrnmy (天文学), the class requires that scientific thinking be cntextualized culturally, s that students can situate the ways in which sme f the mst revlutinary ideas in the past 2,000 years emerged when they did.
Scientists, by training, have little expsure t the humanities. Given that a majr in the sciences requires a lt f technical wrk, we spend precius little time dealing with what happened culturally and histrically arund the science we are trying t understand. This, I believe, is the reasn why s many scientists in the public media cndemn (谴责) the humanities as useless. As a cnsequence, many scientific ideas are presented as having addressed sme f the deepest questins we have been asking, when they haven’t.
Humanities students, n the ther hand, are typically thse wh avid the sciences r, at least, math. Their training is als technical, invlving lts f reading and critical writing. Yu can ften tell, when yu teach this kind f class, wh the scientists and the humanists are. All yu have t d is write an equatin (方程) n the blackbard and lk at the class. Humanists will quickly lk bred. The scientists will becme lively. As yu read frm Aristtle’s Metaphysics, the ppsite will happen. T bridge this gap is the challenge.
The classrm is the ideal place fr this cnversatin between the sciences and the humanities t unfld. By expsing students t the tw sides f the cultural divide, we stand a chance f creating smething that will actually clse the gap. Scientists shuld recgnize that sme research tpics — AI, bitechnlgy, climate change, life extensin, nature, and many thers — need t be investigated tgether with humanists as a jint effrt.
I finished the first class by reminding the students that nt even the best teacher in the wrld can teach smene wh desn’t want t learn. After all, as Tm Stppard reminded us in his brilliant play Arcadia, it is wanting t knw that makes us matter — scientists and humanists alike.
22. What’s special abut the authr’s class?
A. It guides students t explain revlutinary ideas.
B. It appeals t arts students t switch t scientific thinking.
C. It breaks the bundary between the sciences and the humanities.
D. It挖s int the secrets f human’s psitin in the material wrld.
23. Which f the fllwing wuld the authr applaud?
A. Mary, a histry majr, quit cmputer engineering fr lack f interest.
B. Mia, an art student, drew pictures f famus scientists fr a science fair.
C. Ben, teaching chemistry, guided his students t fcus n technlgy wrk.
D. David, studying physics, wrked with a philsphy student fr his prject.
24. What message des the authr intend t deliver t his students?
A. University curses present challenges.
B. The cultural divide deserves apprval.
C. The eagerness t learn is f significance.
D. Prejudice twards the humanities is histry.
【答案】22. C 23. D 24. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者在达特茅斯春季学期首日，为非理科专业学生开设“理解宇宙：从原子到宇宙大爆炸”课程，该课程打破科学与人文界限，作者强调了求知欲的重要性，并倡导科学与人文领域学生的合作。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It is a class that tries t capture the true spirit f the liberal - arts educatin, mixing the sciences and the humanities as different and cmplementary ways f knwing the wrld and why we matter.(这是一门试图捕捉文科教育真正精神的课程，将科学和人文作为认识世界以及理解我们为何重要的不同且互补的方式融合在一起)”可知，作者课程的特别之处在于打破了科学与人文之间的界限。故选C项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Scientists shuld recgnize that sme research tpics—AI, bitechnlgy, climate change, life extensin, nature, and many thers—need t be investigated tgether with humanists as a jint effrt.(科学家应该认识到，一些研究课题——人工智能、生物技术、气候变化、生命延长、自然等等——需要与人文领域学者共同努力进行研究)”可知，作者赞同科学与人文领域的合作。故选D项。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I finished the first class by reminding the students that nt even the best teacher in the wrld can teach smene wh desn’t want t learn. After all, as Tm Stppard reminded us in his brilliant play Arcadia, it is wanting t knw that makes us matter—scientists and humanists alike.(我在第一堂课结束时提醒学生，即使是世界上最好的老师也教不会不想学习的人。毕竟，正如汤姆·斯托帕德在他精彩的戏剧《阿卡迪亚》中提醒我们的，是求知欲让我们变得重要——科学家和人文学者都是如此)”可知，作者想传达给学生的信息是求知欲很重要。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中共有两项为多余选项。
Frgiveness is smething that many f us strive fr, but it can ften feel difficult t achieve. Over the years, we’ve heard cuntless peple express the intentin t frgive, nly t struggle with the emtinal radblcks that prevent them frm truly letting g.
First, let’s define frgiveness. ____25____ It’s nt abut frgetting what happened r excusing harmful behavir. In fact, ur minds tell us that if we stay angry, bitter, r distant, we’ll be safe frm further hurt. ____26____ While hlding nt memries and creating distance may ffer temprary emtinal safeguards, it ften deepens ur sadness, islates us, and prevents us frm healing. Frgiveness, n the ther hand, is abut chsing nt t let that pain cntinue t define yur thughts, emtins, and behavirs.
Frgiveness is essential because we’re all human, and we all make mistakes. If we want t cultivate meaningful relatinships, there will unavidably be times when we hurt ne anther. Frgiveness becmes crucial in maintaining thse cnnectins and ur wn peace f mind. ____27____ Frgiving yurself is especially imprtant. Raising walls f bitterness r anger tward yurself is deeply damaging. When yu hld n t shame r guilt, yu create emtinal barriers that prevent yu frm living fully and authentically.
S, hw d we frgive? While the jurney is deeply persnal and can vary frm persn t persn, there are key steps that can help guide us. Acknwledge the hurt and pain exactly as it is. ____28____ This perspective allws us t see thers (and urselves) as imperfect humans ding the best they can with what they have. Extend sympathy t yurself and thers. Chse t release bitterness and mve frward in line with yur values.
____29____ It’s an nging practice. But every time yu chse frgiveness, yu create space fr lve and healing t flw thrugh yur life.
A. It is a cntinuus prcess.
B. But we knw that this isn’t true.
C. Recgnize that everyne has faults.
D. Remember that frgiveness isn’t a ne-time event.
E. Frgiveness is the decisin t release attachment t a painful past.
F. Yu dn’t have t cmmunicate with the persn wh wrnged yu.
G. In fact, we may need t frgive nt nly thers but urselves as well.
【答案】25. E 26. B 27. G 28. C 29. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了宽恕的定义、重要性以及实现宽恕的方法。
【25题详解】
根据小标题“First, let’s define frgiveness.(首先，让我们定义一下宽恕)”以及下文“It’s nt abut frgetting what happened r excusing harmful behavir.(它不是关于忘记发生的事情或原谅有害的行为)” 可知，选项与小标题呼应，给出宽恕的定义，引出后文对宽恕不是什么的阐述。E选项“宽恕是决定放下对痛苦过去的执着” 符合语境，故选E。
【26题详解】
根据上文“In fact, ur minds tell us that if we stay angry, bitter, r distant, we’ll be safe frm further hurt.(事实上，我们的思维告诉我们，如果我们保持愤怒、痛苦或疏远，我们就能免受进一步的伤害)” 以及下文 “While hlding nt memries and creating distance may ffer temprary emtinal safeguards, it ften deepens ur sadness, islates us, and prevents us frm healing.(虽然执着于记忆和保持距离可能会提供暂时的情感保护，但它常常会加深我们的悲伤，使我们孤立，并阻碍我们治愈)” 可知，选项承上启下，对前文思维所认为的内容进行转折，引出后文这种方式实际带来的负面结果。B选项“但我们知道这不是真的” 符合语境，故选B。
【27题详解】
根据上文“Frgiveness becmes crucial in maintaining thse cnnectins and ur wn peace f mind.(宽恕在维持这些关系和我们自己的内心平静方面变得至关重要)” 及下文“Frgiving yurself is especially imprtant.(宽恕自己尤其重要)” 可知，承上启下，引出后文关于宽恕自己的内容，说明宽恕不仅针对他人，自己也需要被宽恕。G选项“事实上，我们可能不仅需要宽恕他人，也需要宽恕自己” 符合语境，故选G。
【28题详解】
根据上文“Acknwledge the hurt and pain exactly as it is.(如实承认伤害和痛苦)” 及下文“This perspective allws us t see thers (and urselves) as imperfect humans ding the best they can with what they have.(这种视角能让我们把他人（和自己）看作不完美但尽力而为的人)” 可知，选项承上启下，引出后文关于把他人和自己看作不完美的人的内容，说明承认伤害后要认识到每个人都有缺点这一视角。C选项“认识到每个人都有缺点” 符合语境，故选C。
【29题详解】
根据下文“It’s an nging practice. But every time yu chse frgiveness, yu create space fr lve and healing t flw thrugh yur life.(这是一个持续的实践。但每次你选择宽恕，你都为生活中的爱和治愈创造了空间)” 可知，选项引出后文关于宽恕是持续实践的内容，强调宽恕的持续性。D选项“记住宽恕不是一次性事件” 符合语境，故选D。
第Ⅱ卷（共57分）
Ⅰ.选词填空（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。
30. The ________ perfrmance f the athlete left everyne amazed.
31. He is a bright student, but he just lacks the ________ t learn new things.
32. Many patients are nt getting the medical ________ they need.
33. Cycling is highly ________ t health and the envirnment.
34. Prgramming requires ________ thinking t gradually break big prblems int smaller steps.
【答案】30. impressive 31. mtivatin 32. treatment##treatments 33. beneficial
34. lgical
【30题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这位运动员令人印象深刻的表现让所有人惊叹。“impress”为动词，此处需用其形容词形式“impressive（令人印象深刻的）”作定语修饰名词“perfrmance（表现）”符合句意，故填impressive。
【31题详解】
考查名词。句意：他是个聪明的学生，但就是缺乏学习新事物的动力。“mtivate”是动词，这里需要其名词形式“mtivatin（动力）”作“lacks（缺乏）”的宾语，符合句意，故填mtivatin。
【32题详解】
考查名词。句意：许多病人没有得到他们所需的医疗救治。“treat”是动词，此处应使用名词“treatment（治疗，救治）”作宾语，单复数均可，符合句意，故填treatment(s)。
【33题详解】
考查形容词。句意：骑自行车对健康和环境非常有益。“benefit”常用作名词或动词，这里使用其形容词形式“beneficial（有益的）”，“be beneficial t”表示“对……有益”符合句意，故填beneficial。
【34题详解】
考查形容词。句意：编程需要逻辑思维，逐步将大问题分解为较小的步骤。“lgic”是名词，要用其形容词形式“lgical（逻辑的）”作定语修饰名词“thinking（思维）”符合句意，故填lgical。
Ⅱ.语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The Wrld Health Day, ____35____ (celebrate) every year n April 7, is a glbal initiative started by the Wrld Health Organizatin (WHO). The aim f the day is ____36____ (spread) awareness arund key health issues and run campaigns and discussins arund it. This year’s theme is “Healthy Beginning, Hpeful Futures”. The health f mthers and babies is the fundatin f healthy ____37____ (family) and cmmunities, helping ensure hpeful futures fr us all.
【答案】35. celebrated 36. t spread 37. families
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界卫生日的相关信息，包括设立时间、发起组织、目的以及今年的主题，强调了母婴健康对家庭和社区健康的重要性。
【35题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：每年4月7日庆祝的世界卫生日，是世界卫生组织发起的一项全球性活动。The Wrld Health Day与celebrate之间是被动关系，即“世界卫生日被庆祝”，所以用过去分词celebrated作后置定语，修饰The Wrld Health Day。故填celebrated。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这一天的目的是传播对关键健康问题的认识，并围绕这些问题开展活动和进行讨论。“the aim is t d sth.”表示“目的是做某事”，此处用动词不定式t spread作表语。故填t spread。
【37题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：母亲和婴儿的健康是健康家庭和社区的基础，有助于确保我们所有人都有充满希望的未来。family为可数名词，根据and后的cmmunities可知，此处也应用复数形式families作宾语，表示“多个家庭”。故填families。
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A trtise at the Philadelphia Z has becme the ldest first-time mther f her species after ____38____ (have) her first babies at 100 years ld. The trtise, named Mmmy, is a critically endangered species in their native hme. There are ____39____ (few) than 50 kept in US zs. Mmmy arrived at the Z in 1932, meaning anyne that ____40____ (visit) the Z fr the last 93 years has likely seen her. This is a significant milestne ____41____ the histry f the Z.
【答案】38. having 39. fewer 40. has visited 41. in
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了费城动物园一只100岁的乌龟首次产下幼崽，成为该物种中最高龄的初产母亲的故事。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：费城动物园的一只乌龟在100岁时第一次产下幼崽，成为该物种中最高龄的初产母亲。设空处位于介词“after”后，需用动名词形式作宾语。故填having。
【39题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：在美国的动物园里，这种乌龟的数量不足50只。根据“than”可知此处需用比较级，few的比较级是fewer。故填fewer。
【40题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：这只乌龟于1932年来到动物园，意味着过去93年来任何参观动物园的人都可能见过它。根据时间状语“fr the last 93 years”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时，that指代anyne，作主语，谓语动词用单数，故填has visited。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：这是动物园历史上的一个重要里程碑。表示“在……历史中”需用介词in，构成固定短语in the histry f…。故填in。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A Chinese autmaker has created a battery ____42____ will enable electric vehicles (EVs) t charge almst as quickly as it takes t fill a regular car’s gas tank. The new battery, named the e platfrm, ____43____ (develp) last year by BYD, a Chinese firm that is vertaking Tesla as the wrld’s tp seller f electric vehicles. BYD says it will install a netwrk f 4,000 flash-charging statins acrss China. This technlgy is currently nly available in China, and the cmpany has yet t cnfirm ____44____ it will make it available internatinally r nt.
【答案】42. which## that 43. was develped 44. whether
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了中国汽车制造商比亚迪研发出一款能使电动汽车快速充电的电池e平台，该公司还将在中国建立4000个快充站，且这项技术目前仅在中国可用，公司尚未确定是否推向国际市场。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：一家中国汽车制造商研发出一种电池，它能使电动汽车的充电速度几乎和给普通汽车加油一样快。此空引导限制性定语从句，先行词为battery，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以可以用关系代词which或that引导该定语从句。故填which / that。
【43题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：这款名为e平台的新电池是去年由比亚迪公司研发的，比亚迪是一家中国公司，正超越特斯拉成为全球最大的电动汽车销售商。本句主语The new battery与develp之间是被动关系，即“电池被研发”，且时间状语为last year，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were +过去分词”，主语为单数，所以用was develped。故填was develped。
【44题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：比亚迪表示，该公司尚未确认是否会将其推向国际市场。根据“r nt”可知，此处为whether... r nt结构，引导宾语从句，在句中作cnfirm的宾语，表示“是否”。故填whether。
Ⅲ.书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第60、61题各2分，第62题3分，第63题5分，共12分）
阅读下面的短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
We live in a wrld filled with distractins. Everywhere we lk, we can find instant pleasures available fr next-day delivery right t ur hmes. In a culture surrunded by messages saying that we can lse the discmfrt right nw, delayed gratificatin, which refers t the ability t wait fr a lng-term reward, is less attractive. But research shws it makes all the difference in achieving a mre imprtant and satisfying gal.
Delayed gratificatin and instant gratificatin invlve the timing and apprach t achieving satisfactin r rewards. The frmer requires self-discipline and the ability t manage impulses, while the latter ften invlves giving in t immediate desires. An example f this culd be when a yung man chses t resist the urge t splurge (挥霍) n luxury items and instead save mney regularly and patiently t buy a huse. The delayed gratificatin is the gal and satisfactin he wuld achieve frm wning a dream hme, rather than the instant delight f impulsive shpping.
Delayed gratificatin has t d with ne’s natural ability and envirnment and what ne is taught. Learning t delay the impulse fr immediate pleasure in favr f lng-term satisfactin is a skill required fr prgressive and lng-term grwth. We can start by making small changes every day and staying cnsistent with thse changes. Over time, these habits can accumulate and lead t big changes and results. Cnsistent reminders f why we want t reach ur gals can als help.
If we were all masters at delayed gratificatin, ur envirnment wuld nt be filled with “quick” slutins t everything under the sun. Our culture demands that successful humans rise abve the cnstant distractin t self-mtivate and delay persnal gratificatin in favr f distant gals. Hwever, a balance between ur thirst fr instant rewards and ur desire t create lngevity in ur career, relatinships, and health is difficult t achieve. Our entire lives require that we weigh the chices f “kay right nw” vs. “bigger better later”. It takes a jint effrt t verride the envirnment t create ur successful persnal wrlds.
45. What is delayed gratificatin?
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46. What is the difference between delayed gratificatin and instant gratificatin?
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47. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Delayed gratificatin is merely related t ne’s envirnment, and it can cntribute t ne’s lng-term develpment.
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48. Please use an example t shw hw yu wuld practice delayed gratificatin in yur daily life. (In abut 40 wrds)
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【答案】45. Delayed gratificatin refers t the ability t wait fr a lng-term reward.
46. Delayed gratificatin requires self-discipline and the ability t manage impulses, while instant gratificatin ften invlves giving in t immediate desires.
47. Delayed gratificatin is merely related t ne’s envirnment, and it can cntribute t ne’s lng- term develpment.
Accrding t the passage, delayed gratificatin has t d with ne’s natural ability and envirnment and what ne is taught.
48. I have been lnging fr a new gaming cnsle. Instead f buying it immediately, I save a fixed amunt weekly t get it in a few mnths.
【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文，主要讲述了在充满诱惑和即时满足的世界中，延迟满足的概念、与即时满足的区别，以及延迟满足与个人能力、环境的关系，并强调了在生活中平衡即时奖励与长远目标的重要性。
【45题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“In a culture surrunded by messages saying that we can lse the discmfrt right nw, delayed gratificatin, which refers t the ability t wait fr a lng-term reward, is less attractive. (在这样一种文化氛围中，周围充斥着各种声称我们当下就能消除不适感的信息，而延迟满足 —— 即指等待长期回报的能力 —— 就没那么有吸引力了。)” 可知,延迟满足是指等待长期回报的能力。故填 Delayed gratificatin refers t the ability t wait fr a lng-term reward.
【46题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“The frmer requires self-discipline and the ability t manage impulses, while the latter ften invlves giving in t immediate desires. (前者需要自律和控制冲动的能力，而后者往往涉及屈服于即时欲望。)” 可知,Delayed gratificatin requires self-discipline and the ability t manage impulses, while instant gratificatin ften invlves giving in t immediate desires。故填 Delayed gratificatin requires self-discipline and the ability t manage impulses, while instant gratificatin ften invlves giving in t immediate desires.
【47题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“Delayed gratificatin has t d with ne’s natural ability and envirnment and what ne is taught. (延迟满足与一个人的天赋能力、环境以及所受的教育有关。)” 可知，说延迟满足仅仅与环境有关是错误的。延迟满足与一个人的天赋能力、所处环境以及所接受的教育有关。故答案为Delayed gratificatin is merely related t ne’s envirnment, and it can cntribute t ne’s lng- term develpment. Accrding t the passage, delayed gratificatin has t d with ne’s natural ability and envirnment and what ne is taught.
【48题详解】
开放性试题。我一直渴望一台新的游戏机。我没有立刻购买，而是每周存固定数额的钱，以便几个月后买到它。通过延迟立刻拥有游戏机的满足感，为了几个月后实现目标，体现延迟满足。故答案为I have been lnging fr a new gaming cnsle. Instead f buying it immediately, I save a fixed amunt weekly t get it in a few mnths.
第二节（20分）
49. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的外国好友Jim要给校报“AI and Teen Life”专栏投稿，他想重点介绍北京中学生的“智慧生活”，发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1.建议内容；
2.说明理由。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
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Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Jim,
I’m thrilled t knw yu’re ging t intrduce Beijing students’ smart lifestyle! My suggestin is t fcus n ne key trend: AI-assisted learning.
Nwadays, AI tls are revlutinizing hw high schl students like me study. They prvide instant hmewrk help, generate practice questins, and even analyze ur mistakes t create persnalized study plans. Many classmates use vice assistants t practice English speaking, making learning mre interactive. I believe yur article will definitely be relevant if yu highlight AI-assisted learning in Beijing and hw it is transfrming educatin here. Truly this is cutting-edge technlgy that is relatable t teens wrldwide!
I hpe my advice is helpful.
Yurs
Li Hua
benefit, treat, lgic, impress, mtivate