北京市和平街2024_2025学年高二英语上学期10月月考试卷含解析

这是一份北京市和平街2024_2025学年高二英语上学期10月月考试卷含解析，共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15 分）， A， lcated等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分：知识运用 (共两节，30分)
第一节 完形填空（共10 小题；每小题1.5分，共15 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Breakdwn and Start-up
Just ver tw years ag, I was driving hme fairly late ne night n a quiet, remte rad when anther car suddenly mved twards me with great ___1___. I had t make a sudden and quick sideways mvement t ___2___ hitting it and I almst hit a tree. Luckily I wasn’t hurt, but I culdn’t get my car t start. It had brken dwn. I felt quite ___3___ as it was late and there were hardly any ther cars arund. I ___4___ my radside assistance cmpany fr help and they tld me smene wuld be there in arund ne and half an hur. After abut fifteen minutes, a passing car ___5___ and a strng man with a serius face stepped ut f the car. He asked if I needed ___6___ and I tld him what had happened. He ___7___ ffered t stay with me until radside assistance arrived. I was uncertain abut what t d because I was nervus and uneasy. There was smething very calm and cmfrtable in his vice, s I tk him up n his ffer. While waiting, we started talking and really ___8___ it ff. By the time the radside assistance man turned up, we’d arranged t ___9___ again. Tw years n, we have shared the jys and srrws f life tgether. I wish I culd thank the careless driver wh frced me ff the rad. If he was a better driver, I’d never have met a lifelng ____10____.
1. A. pwerB. effrtC. careD. speed
2. A. avidB. practiceC. riskD. delay
3. A. guiltyB. ashamedC. anxiusD. curius
4 A. phnedB. recmmendedC. blamedD. examined
5. A. started upB. brke dwnC. drve ffD. pulled up
6. A. spaceB. helpC. careD. infrmatin
7. A. kindlyB. carefullyC. eagerlyD. rudely
8. A. tkB. shkC. knckedD. hit
9. A. travelB. playC. meetD. wait
10. A. interestB. friendshipC. dreamD. habit
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在一个晚上为了躲避车辆而导致自己的车无法再次启动，一个好心的司机停下车来陪着作者聊天，直到路边救援公司到来，此后作者和那个人成为了好朋友。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在两年前的一个晚上，我很晚才开车回家，行驶在一条僻静偏僻的路上，突然另一辆车以极快的速度向我驶来。A. pwer权力；B. effrt努力；C. care照料，护理；D. speed速度。根据下文“I had t make a sudden and quick sideways mvement”可知，突然另一辆车以极快的速度向作者驶来。故选D。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了避免撞到它，我不得不突然快速地向旁边移动，结果我差点撞到一棵树。A. avid避免；B. practice练习；C. risk风险；D. delay推迟。根据下文“hitting it”可知，作者是避免撞到那辆车。故选A。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很担心，因为已经很晚了，周围又几乎没有别的车。A. guilty有罪的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. anxius焦虑的，担心的；D. curius好奇的。根据下文“there were hardly any ther cars arund”可知，天很晚，周围又没有车，所以作者很担心。故选C。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打电话给路边救援公司寻求帮助，他们告诉我一个半小时左右就会有人到。A. phned打电话；B. recmmended推荐；C. blamed责备；D. examined检查。根据下文“they tld me smene wuld be there in arund ne and half an hur”可知，作者打电话给路边救援公司寻求帮助。故选A。
【5题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：大约十五分钟后，一辆路过的汽车停了下来，一位神情严肃的壮汉从车里走了出来。A. started up开始；B. brke dwn出故障；C. drve ff驾车离去；D. pulled up停下来。根据下文“a strng man with a serius face stepped ut f the car”可知，一辆路过的汽车停了下来。故选D。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他问我是否需要帮助，我告诉他发生了什么事。A. space空间；B. help帮助；C. care照料，护理；D. infrmatin信息。根据下文“I tld him what had happened”可知，那个人应该是问作者是否需要帮助。故选B。
【7题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他好心地提出在路边救援人员到来之前陪着我。A. kindly好心地；B. carefully仔细地；C. eagerly急切地；D. rudely粗鲁地。根据下文“ffered t stay with me”可知，那个人好心地提出在路边救援人员到来之前陪着作者。故选A。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在等待的时候，我们开始聊天，非常合得来。A. tk拿走；B. shk摇晃；C. kncked敲；D. hit打，击。根据下文“Tw years n, we have shared the jys and srrws f life tgether”可知，作者和那个人非常合得来，hit it ff是固定短语，意为“合得来”。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：路边救援人员出现时，我们已经安排好了再次见面。A. travel旅行；B. play玩儿；C. meet见面；D. wait等待。根据上文“really ___8___ it ff”和下文“Tw years n, we have shared the jys and srrws f life tgether”可知，作者和那个人已经安排好了再次见面。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他是一个更好的司机，我永远不会遇到终身的友谊。A. interest兴趣；B. friendship友谊；C. dream梦想；D. habit习惯。根据上文“Tw years n, we have shared the jys and srrws f life tgether”可知，此处表示“如果他是一个更好的司机，我永远不会遇到终身的友谊”。故选B。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Engineers invented a new device t prduce slar electricity at night. Slar panels transfrm sunlight int energy, s they____11____ (traditinal) wrk nly during daylight hurs. This device, hwever ____12____(use) a thermelectric generatr, which creates energy frm differences in temperature. In this case, cl evening air is a slightly different temperature than the slar cell in the panel. That becmes energy,_____13_____is transfrmed int electricity. The device culd be helpful in areas_____14_____ (lcate) far frm a pwer grid (电网).
【答案】11. traditinally
12. uses 13. which
14. lcated
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了工程师发明了一种在夜间也能生产太阳能电力的设备。
【11题详解】
考查副词。句意：太阳能电板将阳光转化为能量，因此它们只能传统地在白天的时候发挥作用。根据句子分析可知，此处作状语，修饰动词wrk，故应用副词“traditinally传统地”修饰，故填traditinally。
【12题详解】
考查时态。句意：然而，这一设备使用了一个热电发电机，利用温差产生能量。此处this device作主语，为单数，与谓语动词use之间为主动关系，且根据后文的creates可知，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填uses。
【13题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这就变成了能量，再转化成电能。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为energy，指物，定语从句中缺少主语，故应用which引导，故填which。
【14题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这一设备对那些离电网很远的地区来说，是很有帮助的。此处作定语，修饰areas，areas与lcate之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语，故填lcated。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
When I read ne f Graham’s bks and see him n TV, I am prud f him. I used ___15___ (teach) him! I remember Graham was very difficult ____16____ I taught him. But he changed quickly after I set up an experiment t shw hw the human stmach wrks____17____ (use) acid and an nin.
【答案】15. t teach
16. befre 17. using
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者曾经的学生Graham成为了一名作家，作者为他骄傲。
【15题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：我以前教过他！used t d意思为：过去常常……。故填t teach。
【16题详解】
考查连词。句意：我记得在我教他之前，格雷厄姆非常难教。根据后文“But he changed quickly after I set up an experiment”可知，在作者开始教Graham之前，他很难教，“在……之前”为befre。故填befre。
【17题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但在我用酸和洋葱做了一个实验来展示人类的胃是如何工作之后，他很快就改变了。句子中已有动词，空处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语I与use构成主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填using。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Nick was riding his bike alng the Arching River when he nticed smething ____18____ (usual) in the water. He tk a clser lk and saw a pair f fin-like things circling abve the river’s surface. ____19____ (cnfuse) by what he had seen, Nick tk a vide and psted it n the Internet. Days later, sme researchers cnfirmed that he ____20____ (spt) tw dlphins— the first cetacean (鲸目动物) sighted in this river since 2017—and this suggested the effrts t restre the health f the river were paying ff.
【答案】18. unusual
19. Cnfused
20. had sptted##sptted
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Nick在河中发现鲸目动物，说明环境得到了改善。
【18题详解】
考查形容词。句意：Nick沿着拱门河骑着自行车，突然他注意到河里有不寻常的东西。smething是一个不定代词，后面一般加的是形容词。结合句意，用形容词unusual，表示“不同寻常的”。故填unusual。
【19题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：Nick对他所看到的感到困惑，他拍了一段视频并发布在网上。be cnfused by对……困惑，在句中作状语，所以用过去分词形式。故填Cnfused。
【20题详解】
考查时态。句意：几天后，一些研究人员证实，他发现了两只海豚，这是自2017年以来在这条河中发现的第一只鲸类动物，这表明恢复河流健康的努力正在取得成效。根据时间状语可知，从句的动作发生在主句过去动作cnfirmed之前，所以用过去完成时。或者表示陈述过去事实，所以也可用一般过去时。故填had sptted/sptted。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节 (共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Want t explre new views, try new activities and have happy family hurs at the same time? Here are sme bright ideas.
Flip Out, Glasgw
This place hlds the impressive title f being the biggest trampline (蹦床) shwgrund in the wrld. Set in 63, 000 square feet, there are znes tailred fr yunger children, as well as ball games such as ftball and basketball. Try a Flip Fit exercise class where yu can burn 1000 calries per sessin. Standard ne-hur￡11.
Kew Gardens, Lndn
There are 300 acres f green space t explre with thusands f plants t discver frm all arund the wrld. G inside the glasshuses, and get up clse t Kew’s cllectin f trees in its 59ft-high treetp walkway. The Children’s Garden is where kids can discver earth, air, sun and water—all the elements that plants need t grw. Family f fur ticket, ￡41.25.
Irnbridge Grge Museums, Shrpshire
Step back in time at Blists Hill Victrian Twn, where life frm mre than a century ag is carefully recreated. Change yur mney int punds, shillings and pence at the bank t spend in the shps and treat yurself t sme traditinal fish and chips frm the Fryers. Tickets t the Victrian Twn，￡21.50 adults.
Bewilderwd Nrflk and Cheshire
Inspired by the BeWILDerwd bk series by Tm Bifeld, the whle family can spend hurs climbing acrss a wden adventure land in Nrflk. There’s everything frm abve grund rpe-walks t climbing walls, and cnfusing mazes. Children under 92cm get in free, between 92cm and 105cm ￡19.50, ver 105cm ￡21.50. Adults ￡25.50.
GreenWd Family Park, Nrth Wales
It is an utdr adventure lcated beneath the trees f Snwdnia Natinal Park. Run wild thrugh ancient frest, and wander arund the Enchanted River Ride. Have fun n the UK’s nly slar-pwered water ride and jump abard the wrld’s first peple-pwered rller caster. Online advanced adult tickets, ￡16.50, children ￡16.
Fr mre infrmatin, please cntact the travel agency via [email protected].
21. Flip Out is unique in its _______.
A. fitness classB. special znes fr children
C. sprts gamesD. trampline shwgrund area
22. If yu want t experience life in the ld time, which activity will yu chse?
A. Kew GardensB. Irnbridge Grge Museums
C. GreenWd Family ParkD. Bewilderwd Nrflk and Cheshire
23. If the Smiths and their daughter, less than 92 cm, want t g t Bewilderwd, hw much wuld they pay?
A. 25.5B. 45C. 51D. 47
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国几处适合家庭活动的场地和活动项目。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Flip Out, Glasgw中关键句“This place hlds the impressive title f being the biggest trampline (蹦床) shwgrund in the wrld.(这个地方拥有世界上最大的蹦床展示区的称号)”可知，Flip Out的特殊之处在于它有世界上最大的蹦床展示区。故选D。
22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Irnbridge Grge Museums, Shrpshire中关键句“Step back in time at Blists Hill Victrian Twn, where life frm mre than a century ag is carefully recreated.(回到布里斯特山维多利亚小镇，一个多世纪前的生活被精心重现)”可知，如果想体验旧时生活，应该选择Irnbridge Grge Museums。故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Bewilderwd Nrflk and Cheshire中关键句“Children under 92cm get in free, between 92cm and 105cm ￡19.50, ver 105cm ￡21.50. Adults ￡25.50.(92厘米以下的孩子免费，92厘米到105厘米的孩子19.50英镑，105厘米以上的孩子21.50英镑。成人25.50英镑)”可知，史密斯夫妇需要花费51英镑，少于92厘米的孩子免费，一共需要花费51英镑。故选C。
B
As mst f yu knw, the first year f university is always the hardest t adapt t. The additin f taking care f yurself, making new friends, learning hw t get arund campus, and schl can smetimes be t much t bear.
I wuld like t attend medical schl after my fur-year undergraduate. It is well-knwn that medical schls are very cmpetitive and require extremely high marks. I had always knwn that I was meant fr medical schl and wrked hard all thrughut high schl. I engaged in life sciences and knew that I wanted t d a duble majr in neurscience (神经科学) and psychlgy, but f curse, I wasn’t s fnd f the precnditins t get t that stage. I had t take math and physics in my first year.
S after the chke I call the first term, I lked back n my grades and fund that I had never seen numbers like this befre. I really didn’t even think they were pssible. I had heard that medical schls liked t see an upward trend, s I was discuraged and hurt, but tried nt t think abut it. Having yur grades taken away frm yu when that was all yu had was a huge thing I had t vercme — I defined my wrth by hw “smart” I was and getting past that mindset was the hardest thing I’ve ever dne.
After I saw my grades, I realized the mistake I made taking a bunch f unnecessarily challenging curses. At the end f my secnd term, my grades weren’t as high as I wanted them t be, but I accepted it. I knew that there were reasns fr the differences between individuals, but I still saw a huge imprvement in my marks frm the first term. I had enjyed my time in my secnd term and even thugh I wasn’t where I wanted t be, it had nthing t d with my place in the university. It was very eye-pening and taught me what I needed t d in rder t achieve MY best — nt what everyne else cnsidered t be the best.
I’m nw taking a summer schl curse and my marks are incredibly better than what I was getting during my first year f schl. Thugh I had a rugh start, I’m sure my lessns and new attitude will carry me much farther than just t medical schl.
24. The authr wanted t take a duble majr because she ______.
A. liked the tw majrs better
B. was preparing herself fr her gal
C. tried t prve her academic ability
D. decided t challenge herself in university
25. Hw did the authr feel when reviewing her grades after the first term?
A. Satisfied.B. Surprised.C. Calm.D. Angry.
26. In the secnd term, the authr ______.
A. accepted the grades and did nthing
B. tried t learn mre necessary curses
C. viewed learning frm a different angle
D. fcused n learning medical knwledge
27. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. A fresh start leads t mre challenges.
B. Hard wrk will pay ff sner r later.
C. Stick t yur plan and yu will succeed.
D. Prper adjustment will take yu farther.
【答案】24. B 25. B 26. C 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为大学新生，在适应大学生活的同时，为攻读医学院而努力提升成绩的心路历程。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“I wuld like t attend medical schl after my fur-year undergraduate.(我想在读完四年的本科后去医学院)”和“I engaged in life sciences and knew that I wanted t d a duble majr in neurscience and psychlgy (我从事的是生命科学，我知道我想要神经科学和心理学的双学位)”可知，作者想进入医学院深造，参与生命科学的研究，所以她要主修神经科学和心理学双学位。这表明她选择这两个专业是为了自己的长远目标，即进入医学院深造，因此她是在为自己的目标做准备。故选B项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“I lked back n my grades and fund that I had never seen numbers like this befre. I really didn’t even think they were pssible.(我回顾了我的成绩，发现我以前从未见过这样的数字。我真的认为这是不可能的)”可知，回顾自己的成绩时，作者认为不可能，感到意外。故选B项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“At the end f my secnd term, my grades weren’t as high as I wanted them t be, but I accepted it. I knew that there were reasns fr the differences between individuals, but I still saw a huge imprvement in my marks frm the first term. I had enjyed my time in my secnd term and even thugh I wasn’t where I wanted t be, it had nthing t d with my place in the university. It was very eye-pening and taught me what I needed t d in rder t achieve MY best — nt what everyne else cnsidered t be the best.(在我的第二个学期结束时，我的成绩没有我想要的那么高，但我接受了它。我知道人与人之间的差异是有原因的，但我仍然看到我的成绩比第一学期有了巨大的进步。我在第二个学期过得很愉快，尽管我没有达到我想要的水平，但这与我在大学里的地位无关。这让我大开眼界，让我知道我需要做什么才能做到最好——而不是别人认为的最好)”可知，作者在第二个学期开始从不同的角度看待学习。故选C项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合第三段中“S after the chke I call the first term, I lked back n my grades and fund that I had never seen numbers like this befre. I really didn’t even think they were pssible. I had heard that medical schls liked t see an upward trend, s I was discuraged and hurt, but tried nt t think abut it.(所以在我称之为第一学期的艰难时刻之后，我回顾了自己的成绩，发现我从未见过这样的数字。我甚至真的认为这些成绩是不可能的。我听说医学院喜欢看到成绩呈上升趋势，所以我感到沮丧和受伤，但我尽量不去想它)”、第四段中“After I saw my grades, I realized the mistake I made taking a bunch f unnecessarily challenging curses.(看到成绩后，我意识到自己犯了一个错误，上了一堆不必要的挑战性课程)”和最后一段中“Thugh I had a rugh start, I’m sure my lessns and new attitude will carry me much farther than just t medical schl.(虽然我有一个艰难的开始，但我相信我的课程和新的态度将使我比仅仅进入医学院走得更远)”可知，在第一学期遭遇挫折后，作者在第二学期及时调整策略、改变态度，最后有了新的开始，并坚信自己会走得更远。由此可知，这篇文章告诉我们：适当的调整会让你走得更远。故选D项。
C
Grwing up, I felt that I learned sme things quickly and ther things painfully slwly. Picking up French and Spanish seemed t cme naturally, while painting and drawing required a lt f practice. I thught that sme peple just have a talent fr languages; thers dn’t.
Yu’ve prbably felt the same way — that certain things were easier fr yu t learn. And s did my research partners. S we set ut t identify what makes sme peple learn faster than thers. If we culd just distill (提取) these unique (独特的) characteristics, we thught, we wuld be able t create better learning envirnments — and make everyne a fast learner.
In ur study, we mdel data frm student perfrmance n grups f tasks that assess (评估) the same skill cmpnent and that prvide fllw-up instructins n student errrs. Our mdels estimate the increase in crrectness after each practice pprtunity. We applied ur mdels t 1.3 millin bservatins acrss 27 datasets f student interactins with nline practice systems in the cntext f elementary t cllege curses. In cntrast, and much t ur surprise, we fund students t be astnishingly similar in estimated learning rate. There are n such things as fast and slw learners!
We find that a typical student needs abut seven learning pprtunities t master a typical knwledge cmpnent(组件) . They start at different levels f prficiency(熟练)but, when prvided with high-quality practice pprtunities, they learn at abut the same speed. Yes, they will end in different places — but that’s because they have different starting lines, nt because they are quicker r slwer t learn.
That means the types f pprtunities yu get are imprtant. Detailed, timely feedback and hints prvide favrable cnditins that allw yu t cnsistently make prgress, regardless f where yu began.
Dn’t think yu’re alne if learning feels slw and effrtful. D try, try again. Yu can make as much prgress as everyne else—and s can the yung peple in yur life. Achievement gaps are the result f pprtunity gaps, nt individual differences in learning speed.
28. What is the authr’s previus thught accrding t the first tw paragraphs?
A. He can’t learn painting and drawing.
B. All peple have a talent fr languages.
C. Peple learn things in the same way.
D. Peple have different learning speeds.
29. What did the researchers d in the research?
A. Teach elementary curses.
B. Criticize students’ mistakes.
C. Apply their mdels extensively.
D. Distinguish the fast and slw learners.
30. What is the best title f the text?
A. There Is N Such Things as a Fast Learner
B. Hw We Can Learn Faster than Others
C. There Is N Difference Between Students
D. Why Educatin Is Imprtant t Us
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，作者通过实验数据发现，不同人之间的学习速度差不多，没有快速学习者。成绩差距是机会差距的结果。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Grwing up, I felt that I learned sme things quickly and ther things painfully slwly. Picking up French and Spanish seemed t cme naturally, while painting and drawing required a lt f practice. I thught that sme peple just have a talent fr languages; thers dn’t.(在成长的过程中，我觉得有些东西学得很快，而有些东西学得很慢。学习法语和西班牙语似乎是自然而然的，而绘画则需要大量的练习。我以为有些人就是有语言天赋；其余人没有)”及第二段“Yu’ve prbably felt the same way — that certain things were easier fr yu t learn.(你可能也有同样的感觉——学习某些东西对你来说更容易)”可知，作者原先认为不同的人有不同的学习速度。故选D。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“In ur study, we mdel data frm student perfrmance n grups f tasks that assess (评估) the same skill cmpnent and that prvide fllw-up instructins n student errrs. Our mdels estimate the increase in crrectness after each practice pprtunity. We applied ur mdels t 1.3 millin bservatins acrss 27 datasets f student interactins with nline practice systems in the cntext f elementary t cllege curses.(在我们的研究中，我们模拟了学生在评估相同技能组成部分的任务组中和为学生错误提供后续指导的表现数据。我们的模型估计每一次练习机会后正确性的增加。我们将我们的模型应用于在小学至大学课程背景下，学生与在线实践系统互动的27个数据集的130万次观察)”可知，研究者们在实验中广泛应用他们的模型。故选C。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“In cntrast, and much t ur surprise, we fund students t be astnishingly similar in estimated learning rate. There are n such things as fast and slw learners!(相比之下，让我们惊讶的是，我们发现学生们在估计的学习率方面惊人地相似。没有学得快和学得慢的人)”及倒数第三段“Yes, they will end in different places — but that’s because they have different starting lines, nt because they are quicker r slwer t learn.(是的，它们会在不同的地方结束——但那是因为它们有不同的起跑线，而不是因为它们学得更快或更慢)”并结合全文可知，本文作者通过实验数据发现，不同人之间的学习速度差不多，没有快速学习者。成绩差距是机会差距的结果。A选项“没有学得快的人”符合本文主旨。故选A。
D
Search “txic parents”, and yu’ll find mre than 38, 000 psts, largely urging yung adults t cut ties with their families. The idea is t safeguard ne’s mental health frm abusive parents. Hwever, as a psychanalyst, I’ve seen that trend in recent years becme a way t manage cnflicts in the family, and I have seen the severe impacts estrangement (疏远) has n bth sides f the divide. This is a self-help trend that creates much harm.
Research by Karl Pillemer, a prfessr at Crnell University, indicates that 1 in 4 American adults have becme estranged frm their families. I believe that’s an undercunt, because thers have stpped shrt f cmpletely cutting ff cntact but have effectively brken the ties.
“Canceling” yur parent can be seen as an extensin f a cultural trend aimed at crrecting imbalances in pwer and systemic inequality. Certainly the family is ne system in which pwer has never been balanced. In 1933, the psychanalyst Sándr Ferenczi warned that even the simple indicatin that smene has mre pwer than we d culd ptentially be damaging.
Tday’s scial justice values respnd t this reality, calling n us t criticize ppressive and harmful figures and t gain pwer fr thse wh have been pwerless. But when adult children use the mst effective tl they have-themselves-t gain a sense f security and ban their parents frm their lives, the rles are simply switched, and the pain nly deepens.
Often, what I see in my practice are cases f family cnflict mismanaged, pwer dynamics turned upside dwn rather than negtiated. I see the terrible effect f that trend; situatins with n winners, nly islated (孤独的) humans wh lng t be knwn and feel safe in the presence f the ther.
The catch is that after estrangement, adult children are nt suddenly less dependent. In fact, they feel abandned and betrayed, because in the uncnscius, it desn’t matter wh is ding the leaving; the feeling that remains is “being left”. They carry the ghsts f their childhd, tackling the emtinal reality that thse wh raised us can never truly be left behind, n matter hw hard we try.
What I have fund is that mst f these families need repair, nt permanent break-up. Hw else can ne learn hw t negtiate needs, t create bundaries and t trust? Hw else can we lve thers, and urselves, if nt thrugh accepting the limitatins that cme with being human? Gd relatinships are the result nt f a perfect level f harmny but rather f successful adjustments.
T pursue dialgue instead f estrangement will be hard and painful wrk. It can’t be a single prject f “self-help”, because at the end f the day, real intimacy (亲密关系) is achieved by wrking thrugh the injuries f the past tgether. In mst cases f family cnflict, repair is pssible and preferable t estrangement—and it’s wrth the wrk.
31. Why d yung peple cut ties with the family?
A. T gain an independent life.
B. T restre harmny in the family.
C. T prtect their psychlgical well-being.
D. T fllw a tendency twards scial justice.
32. What des the underlined wrd “catch” in Paragraph 6 mean?
A. Respnse.B. Prblem.C. Operatin.D. Emphasis.
33. T manage family cnflict, the authr agrees that yung adults shuld .
A. break dwn bundariesB. gain pwer within the family
C live up t their parents’ expectatinsD. accept imperfectin f family members
34. What’s the authr’s purpse f writing the passage?
A. T advcate a self-help trend.B. T justify a cmmn scial value.
C. T argue against a current practice.D. T discuss a means f cmmunicatin.
【答案】31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了面对家庭冲突或隔阂，相比疏远，修复是更好的方法。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Search “txic parents”, and yu’ll find mre than 38, 000 psts, largely urging yung adults t cut ties with their families. The idea is t safeguard ne’s mental health frm abusive parents.”（搜索“有毒父母”，你会发现有超过38000条帖子，大部分帖子敦促年轻人与家人断绝联系。这个想法是为了保护一个人的心理健康不受父母虐待。）可知，年轻人选择与家庭切断联系是为了保护自己，免于受到心理上的伤害。故选C。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第六段“The catch is that after estrangement, adult children are nt suddenly less dependent. In fact, they feel abandned and betrayed”（_______是，在与家庭疏远后，成年子女并不会突然变得不那么依赖。事实上，他们会感到被抛弃和被背叛。）可知，子女选择与家庭疏远后，产生的结果是：他们感觉到被抛弃和被背叛，这是一种消极负面的影响。因此，划线后是在解释这一名词，即catch表示严重的后果或是问题。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“What I have fund is that mst f these families need repair, nt permanent break-up.”（我发现，大多数这样的家庭需要修复，而不是永久的破裂。）可知，作者建议年轻人去修复家庭关系，而不是疏远。以及“Hw else can we lve thers, and urselves, if nt thrugh accepting the limitatins that cme with being human? Gd relatinships are the result nt f a perfect level f harmny but rather f successful adjustments.”（如果不接受作为人类的局限性，我们还能怎样去爱别人和自己呢?良好的关系不是完美和谐的结果，而是成功调整的结果。）可知，作者这里使用一个反问句的形式，向年轻人建议，要认识到人类的局限性，才能爱家人以及爱自己。即接受家人的不完美，调整自己的心态，对关系进行修复才能得完美和谐的结果。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Search “txic parents”, and yu’ll find mre than 38, 000 psts, largely urging yung adults t cut ties with their families. The idea is t safeguard ne’s mental health frm abusive parents.”（搜索“有毒父母”，你会发现超过38000条帖子，大部分敦促年轻人与家人断绝联系。这个想法是为了保护一个人的心理健康不受父母虐待。）可知，开篇作者先提出一个当下普遍存在的趋势：即年轻人在处理家庭冲突时，选择疏远家庭。以及“Hwever, as a psychanalyst, I’ve seen that trend in recent years becme a way t manage cnflicts in the family, and I have seen the severe impacts estrangement (c) has n bth sides f the divide. This is a self-help trend that creates much harm.”（然而，作为一名精神分析学家，我发现近年来这种趋势已经成为处理家庭冲突的一种方式，我也看到了隔阂对家庭双方的严重影响。这是一种造成很大伤害的自助趋势。）可知，作者紧接着通过转折连词hwever (然后)指出这种疏远的处理方式是错误的，会带来很大的伤害。因此，作者是为了论述与开篇趋势相反的观点。故选C。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
“Is the glass half empty r half full?” This ld English saying has lng been used t differentiate a pessimist frm an ptimist. Fr mst yung peple tday, the answer is usually “half full”, because we have been taught that a psitive attitude twards life is ne f the primary keys t success. ____35____ Recent studies indicate that it all depends.
There is such a thing as t much psitivity als knwn as txic psitivity. It happens when smene remains in a happy and psitive state and ignres any bad and negative emtins acrss all situatins. ____36____ The death f a pet, a lw scre n a test, r a muntain f new hmewrk shuld lead t emtins such as sadness, frustratin and anger. If we hide these emtins just because we want t lk ptimistic in frnt f ur friends and family, they can build up inside f us and end up erupting in unexpected ways. ____37____
____38____ Imagine having had a bad day, and wanting t talk abut it with yur friend. Hwever, instead f listening t yur prblems and sympathizing with yu, they simply tld yu t “be psitive” and t “lk n the bright side.” By saying such things, they give yu the impressin that yur prblems are being cmpletely ignred. Mrever, since yu dn’t have the right “attitude,” yur prblems are ultimately yur wn fault.
That being said, nbdy likes t be arund depressed peple. Just take everything as it cmes and express hw yu really feel. ____39____. Given everything I have already said, my simple advice t yu is t d that which gives yu the best “attitude” in life, whatever fr yu that might be. Regardless f whether a glass is half-empty r half-full, it nnetheless still has space t fill.
A. Hwever, is being negative necessarily a bad thing?
B. This makes yu human, and yur true friends will always stick by yu.
C. But actually, it is nrmal fr us t experience a range f emtins in a day.
D. And this is why I wuld want t write abut staying psitive in these difficult times.
E. Evidence suggests that verly psitive peple are at a higher risk f develping psychlgical prblems.
F. Aside frm the persnal emtinal impacts f txic psitivity, this attitude can als have a negative effect n the peple arund yu.
G. But with everything that has been ging n bth at hme and abrad, it’s prbably felt t yu like a cntinuus struggle t remain psitive.
【答案】35. A 36. C 37. E 38. F 39. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论积极态度和消极态度对人影响，指出过度积极可能有害，而适度的消极态度并不一定是坏事，并给出了一些建议。
【35题详解】
上文“‘Is the glass half empty r half full?’ This ld English saying has lng been used t differentiate a pessimist frm an ptimist. Fr mst yung peple tday, the answer is usually “half full”, because we have been taught that a psitive attitude twards life is ne f the primary keys t success.(‘杯子是半空还是半满呢？’这句古老的英语谚语长期以来一直被用来区分悲观主义者和乐观主义者。对于如今的大多数年轻人来说，答案通常是‘半满’，因为我们一直被教导，对生活持积极的态度是成功的主要关键之一。)”提到我们一直被教导要对生活持积极的态度，而下文“Recent studies indicate that it all depends.(最近的研究表明，这要视情况而定。)”却指出最新研究表明要视情况而定，并非我们所认为那样绝对，上下文语意有转折关系。A选项“Hwever, is being negative necessarily a bad thing?(然而，消极就一定是坏事吗？)”起到了承上启下的作用，对上文观点提出质疑，同时为下文对消极态度的讨论做好铺垫。故选A项。
【36题详解】
下文“The death f a pet, a lw scre n a test, r a muntain f new hmewrk shuld lead t emtins such as sadness, frustratin and anger.(宠物的死亡、考试的低分或堆积如山的新作业应该会导致悲伤、沮丧和愤怒等情绪)”列举了日常生活中可能出现的各种消极情绪，是对C选项“But actually, it is nrmal fr us t experience a range f emtins in a day.(但实际上，我们一天中经历一系列情绪是正常的。)”中“a range f emtins”的举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
【37题详解】
上文“If we hide these emtins just because we want t lk ptimistic in frnt f ur friends and family, they can build up inside f us and end up erupting in unexpected ways.(如果我们仅仅因为想在朋友和家人面前显得乐观而隐藏这些情绪，它们就会在我们内心积累，最终以意想不到的方式爆发出来。)”指出为了显得乐观而隐藏的情绪最终会爆发。E选项“Evidence suggests that verly psitive peple are at a higher risk f develping psychlgical prblems.(证据表明，过于积极的人患心理问题的风险更高)”承接上文，进一步阐述了过度积极可能导致心理问题，句中“develping psychlgical prblems”与上文“erupting in unexpected ways”相照应。故选E项。
【38题详解】
下文“Imagine having had a bad day, and wanting t talk abut it with yur friend. Hwever, instead f listening t yur prblems and sympathizing with yu, they simply tld yu t ‘be psitive’ and t ‘lk n the bright side.’By saying such things, they give yu the impressin that yur prblems are being cmpletely ignred.(想象一下，你度过了一天糟糕的时光，想和朋友聊聊。然而，他们并没有倾听你的问题或同情你，而是简单地告诉你‘要积极’和‘往好的方面看’。说这样的话，他们给你的印象是你的问题被完全忽视了。)”用一个例子来说明过度积极对周围人的负面影响，是对F选项“Aside frm the persnal emtinal impacts f txic psitivity, this attitude can als have a negative effect n the peple arund yu.(有害的积极态度除了对个人情感的影响外，这种态度也会对你周围的人产生负面影响。)”这一观点进行的举例论证，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
【39题详解】
上文“Just take everything as it cmes and express hw yu really feel.(顺其自然，表达你真实的感受。)”建议人们要真诚地表达自己的感受。B选项“This makes yu human, and yur true friends will always stick by yu.(这使你成为人，你的真正朋友会永远支持你。)”指出了真诚表达自己感受的好处，即让人更真实，且能得到真正朋友的支持，与上文内容相呼应。故选B项。
第三部分 书面表达 （共两节，32分）
第一节
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。
D yu spend ver an hur each day texting messages t yur friends? D yu frequently ignre wrk, study, and ther activities t check yur phne fr messages? Are yu anxius and restless if yu are separated frm yur mbile phne?
If yu answer “yes” t any f the questins, then it is very pssible that yu are a textahlic. A textahlic can be defined as smene wh is addicted t sending and receiving messages. The main symptms (症状) are a strng desire t text messages, which takes precedence (优先) ver everything else, and bad mds, lw spirits and a lack f self-cnfidence if messages fail t cme in. The rt f the prblem, as with many addictins, is the desire t escape frm emtinal difficulties such as stress, anxiety and relatinship prblems. Experts warn that text addictin is likely t becme the mst cmmn frm f addictin in the future, especially amng the yung．
S what can yu d if yu think yu may be a textahlic? The key is t get yur life back in balance. Make sure yu resist the urge t answer every message yu receive, and cnsider leaving yur mbile phne behind ccasinally when yu g ut. Mst imprtantly, make a pint f spending quality time with friends and family, and make time t re-learn the art f face-t-face cnversatin instead f cnducting yur relatinships by means f text messages. Nt nly will yu save time and mney, but yu may als rediscver the pleasure f true cmmunicatin.
40. What is a textahlic?
______________________________
41. What causes a persn t be a textahlic?
______________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
T cure text addictin, individuals shuld refuse t respnd t messages and spend quality time with friends and family.
______________________________
43. T help a textahlic, what ther suggestins wuld yu give him r her? (In abut 40 wrds)
______________________________
【答案】40. A textahlic is a persn wh is addicted t sending and receiving messages.
41. The desire t escape frm emtinal difficulties such as stress, anxiety and relatinship prblems.
42. T cure text addictin, individuals shuld refuse t respnd t messages and spend quality time with friends and family.
T cure text addictin, ne shuld check and respnd t messages nly at certain times f the day.
T cure text addictin, ne shuld resist the urge t answer every message he r she receives.
43. One can engage in alternative activities that are enjyable and fulfilling, such as hbbies r exercise, t divert attentin frm texting. Besides, ne can seek prfessinal help t address underlying emtinal issues that may be driving the addictin.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了什么是短信上瘾以及克服上瘾的方法。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“A textahlic can be defined as smene wh is addicted t sending and receiving messages.(短信控可以定义为沉迷于发送和接收消息的人)”可知，短信控指的是沉迷于发送和接收信息的人。故答案为：A textahlic is a persn wh is addicted t sending and receiving messages.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“The rt f the prblem, as with many addictins, is the desire t escape frm emtinal difficulties such as stress, anxiety and relatinship prblems.(与许多成瘾一样，问题的根源是渴望摆脱压力、焦虑和关系问题等情绪困难)”可知，渴望摆脱压力、焦虑和关系问题等情绪困难可能导致一个人成为短信控。故答案为：The desire t escape frm emtinal difficulties such as stress, anxiety and relatinship prblems.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“Make sure yu resist the urge t answer every message yu receive, and cnsider leaving yur mbile phne behind ccasinally when yu g ut. Mst imprtantly, make a pint f spending quality time with friends and family, and make time t re-learn the art f face-t-face cnversatin instead f cnducting yur relatinships by means f text messages.(确保你克制住回复每一条信息的冲动，并考虑在外出时偶尔把手机放在身后。最重要的是，要花时间与朋友和家人共度美好时光，花时间重新学习面对面交谈的艺术，而不是通过短信来建立关系)”可知，为了治疗短信成瘾，人们应该在一天中的特定时间检查和回复信息，克制住回复每一条信息的冲动，花时间与朋友和家人共度美好时光。故答案为：T cure text addictin, individuals shuld refuse t respnd t messages and spend quality time with friends and family.
T cure text addictin, ne shuld check and respnd t messages nly at certain times f the day.
T cure text addictin, ne shuld resist the urge t answer every message he r she receives.
【43题详解】
开放性题目。答案不唯一，合理即可。人们可以从事令人愉快和充实的替代活动，如爱好或锻炼，以转移人们对发短信的注意力。此外，人们可以寻求专业帮助来解决可能导致成瘾的潜在情绪问题。故答案为：One can engage in alternative activities that are enjyable and fulfilling, such as hbbies r exercise, t divert attentin frm texting. Besides, ne can seek prfessinal help t address underlying emtinal issues that may be driving the addictin.
第二节 书面表达（20分）
44. 假如你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院（nursing hme）陪老人们国重阳节（the Duble Ninth Festival）。请给外教Lucy写封邮件，邀她一同前往，内容包括：
1. 出发及返回时间；
2. 活动：包饺子、表演节目等。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 结语已为你写好。
Dear Lucy,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Lucy,
I’d like t invite yu t jin us fr a visit t the nearby nursing hme next Saturday fr the Duble Ninth Festival. It is the day fr the elderly in ur culture. We’ll g and make dumplings and cakes with the elderly peple there. We’ll als spend sme fun time tgether singing, dancing and playing games, which we hpe will make them happy. We shuld be back arund 4 ’clck in the afternn. If yu are able t cme with us, please let us knw and we’ll wait fr yu at the gate at 9 in the mrning.
Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。要求考生给外教Lucy写封邮件，邀她一同前往敬老院陪老人们过重阳节。
【详解】1.词汇积累
附近的：nearby→surrunding
有趣的：fun→interesting
高兴的：happy→glad
能够：be able t→can
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’d like t invite yu t jin us fr a visit t the nearby nursing hme next Saturday fr the Duble Ninth Festival. It is the day fr the elderly in ur culture.
拓展句：I’d like t invite yu t jin us fr a visit t the nearby nursing hme next Saturday fr the Duble Ninth Festival, which is the day fr the elderly in ur culture.
【点睛】【高分句型1】We’ll als spend sme fun time tgether singing, dancing and playing games, which we hpe will make them happy.（由which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】If yu are able t cme with us, please let us knw and we’ll wait fr yu at the gate at 9 in the mrning.（由If引导的条件状语从句）