湖南省长沙市明德中学2024-2025学年高二下学期5月考试英语试题（Word版附答案）

这是一份湖南省长沙市明德中学2024-2025学年高二下学期5月考试英语试题（Word版附答案），共9页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
时量：120 分钟 满分：150 分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）略
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Cming in all shapes and sizes, Lndn’s skyscrapers attract visitrs frm arund the wrld. Here are fur t
lk ut fr.
Lndn Bridge Twer
Cmmnly knwn as the Shard(碎片) f Glass, it’s an 87-strey skyscraper in Lndn that frms part f the
Lndn Bridge Quarter develpment. It was designed by the Italian architect Renz Pian. At 310 metres, it’s the
tallest building in Western Eurpe. Cnstructin began in March 2009, and it was cmpleted n 5th July 2012. The
bservatin deck(观景平台) n the tp flr is pen t the public.
The Leadenhall Building
Lying n 122 Leadenhall Street and called the “Cheesegrater” because f its wedge-like(楔形) shape, it is the
secnd tallest building in the City f Lndn with a height f 224 metres. It was designed by Richard Rgers.
There are exterir glass lifts n the building, similar t the nes in the neighburing Llyd’s building, which was
als designed by Rgers.
30 St Mary Axe
Knwn infrmally as “the Gherkin(小黄瓜)”, it’s a skyscraper in Lndn’s main financial district, the City f
Lndn. It was cmpleted in December 2003 and pened in April 2004. With 41 flrs, the twer is 180 metres tall.
It was designed by Nrman Fster and Arup engineers.
20 Fenchurch Street
Nicknamed(给……起绰号) the Walkie Talkie(对讲机), it’s 160 metres tall and was designed by Uruguayan
architect Rafael Vinly. It has a large viewing deck and sky gardens n the tp three flrs, which are pen t the
public. Hwever, the special shape f the building creates a sun ray that can reach temperatures f up t 70℃,
which is s pwerful that it can burn carpets and start fires.
21. Which skyscraper will attract bird’s-eye view enthusiasts mst?
A. Lndn Bridge Twer. B. The Leadenhall Building.
C. 30 St Mary Axe. D. 20 Fenchurch Street.
22. What is the disadvantage f the Walkie Talkie?
A. High gardening csts. B. Overcrwded decks.
C. Extreme heat effects. D. Limited viewing angles.
23. What d the fur skyscrapers have in cmmn?
A. All were designed by British architects.
B. All are utside the financial district.
C. All were cmpleted after 2010.
D. All have nicknames.
B
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The strm swallwed the hrizn whle. Waves like blackened teeth bit at the brken bat, each crash sending
shakes thrugh Marc’s water-filled bts. Salt cvered his eyelids, but he kept them narrwly pen — t blink was t give in t the dark.
Three days withut sleep. The cmpass lay smewhere at the bttm f this flating cffin, but nrth meant
nthing here between walls f water that rse taller than church twers.
His fingers, blue and sre, still gripped the tiller(舵柄). A child’s hands, the fishermen had laughed when he’d
signed n. Sixteen winters didn’t make a man, they said. Let them see him nw. Let them watch as he pressed his
hip against the rcking wd, taking the sea’s blws like bxer absrbing hits. Every wave that didn’t kill the bat
fed his reslve.
N fd. N charts. Just the knife at his belt and the stubbrn rhythm f his heart punding “alive, alive, alive” against ribs(肋骨) that ached with each breath.
When the wave came — the muntain, the killer, the thing withut mercy — Marc didn’t pray. Prayer
required hpe, and hpe was a currency the sea didn’t hnr. Instead, he bent his knees as Old Tmas had taught
him. “Yu dn’t fight the water, by,” the grey-haired sailr had said, tbacc flavuring his wrds. “Yu let it
think it’s winning until it gets bred.”
The deck disappeared beneath him. Cld knifed int his lungs. Fr three secnds, he was nthing but a grain
f sand in Gd’s bt.
Then the bat rse t the surface like a dying whale, and Marc was still there. Still hlding. Still bleeding.
Still being.
He laughed then, a sund trn between madness and victry. The strm hadn’t killed him yet.
And if it hadn’t, it wuldn’t.
24. What des the underlined phrase “this flating cffin” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A. The sea. B. The bat. C. The cmpass. D. The bt.
25. What can be inferred abut Marc frm Paragraph 3?
A. His physical pain discuraged him frm perating the bat.
B. His determinatin grew with each survival challenge.
C. His inexperience was ignred by the fishermen.
D. His yuth left him at the mercy f strms.
26. Hw did Marc survive the killer wave?
A. He fllwed Tmas’s advice. B. He fught the water directly.
C. He abandned the tiller. D. He prayed fr rescue.
27. Which f the fllwing best reflects Marc’s smallness in the face f nature?
A. Waves like blackened teeth. (Paragraph 1)
B. Bxer absrbing hits. (Paragraph 3)
C. A grain f sand in Gd’s bt. (Paragraph 6)
D. A dying whale. (Paragraph 7)
C
Human civilizatin stands n the edge f a new era: the Intelligence Age. Over the cming decades, advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) will empwer us t achieve what ur grandparents regarded magical.
This builds upn centuries f prgress, where scial facilities — nt genetic evlutin — has enhanced human capabilities. Our ancestrs laid the fundatin; nw, AI ffers tls t slve nce-uncnquerable challenges, extending the “scafflding f prgress(进步的阶梯)” t heights unimaginable befre.
The breakthrugh lies in deep learning. By discvering algrithms(算法) that analyze cmplex data patterns,
humanity unlcked a self-imprving system: the mre cmputatinal pwer and data we feed it, the smarter it
becmes. This ability explains why AI’s ptential is limitless. Sn, persnalized AI teams will assist in healthcare,
educatin, and sftware creatin. AI-driven systems may pineer next-generatin innvatins, frm climate
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slutins t space clnizatin.
Hwever, realizing this future demands accessible infrastructure(基础设施). COMPUTE — the engine f
AI — must becme abundant and affrdable thrugh energy investment and chip prductin. Withut public
access, AI risks becming a tl fr the wealthy r a cause f cnflict. Histrically, every technlgical leap —
frm the Stne Age t the Industrial Revlutin — reshaped scieties. The Intelligence Age will be n different. Labr markets will evlve, but human creativity and adaptability will persist. Just as lamplighters f the past culdn’t envisin mdern careers, tmrrw’s jbs will g beynd tday’s definitins.
Challenges exist — mral dilemmas, jb replacement, and resurce allcatin(分配) — yet the benefits
utweigh the risks. AI prmises shared wealth, raising glbal living standards. While wealth alne desn’t
guarantee happiness, it prvides the means t address pressing issues. By embracing AI wisely, humanity can shift
frm cmpeting against each ther t wrking tgether fr shared benefits.
The path frward requires firm belief. The Intelligence Age, pwered by limitless intelligence and energy, will
unlck pssibilities as unimaginable t us as smartphnes wuld be t a 19th-century lamplighter. Our task is t
ensure that its gifts uplift all.
28. What is the key t AI’s unlimited pssibilities?
A. Scial prgress frm past generatins.
B. Its replacement f human innvatin.
C. Advancements in genetic evlutin.
D. Its capacity fr self-enhancement.
29. Why must AI infrastructure be accessible t the public?
A. T bridge the wealth gap.
B. T imprve the chip quality.
C. T prevent privileged enjyment by the rich.
D. T restrict AI’s influence n glbal labur markets.
30. What can humans achieve by making gd use f AI?
A. Jint win-win effrts. B. Guaranteed glbal happiness.
C. Equal allcatin f resurces. D. Reslutin f mral dilemmas.
31. What des the text mainly fcus n?
A. Analyzing AI’s previus prgress.
B. Predicting AI’s transfrming ptential.
C. Warning against ver-dependence n AI.
D. Criticizing unequal access t AI technlgy.
D
Bryan Jhnsn wants t live frever. The American businessman takes a hundred pills a day, never eats after
11:00 a.m., and cnstantly mnitrs dzens f his bdy’s “bimarkers”. The gal, as he says, is nt merely t live a few years lnger but t cnquer death entirely. Odd? Undubtedly. He is part f a grwing mvement — human
enhancement, which sees the human bdy as just anther piece f hardware(硬件) t be adjusted and upgraded.
Thse wuld-be supermans have a large menu f techniques t chse frm. The drug metfrmin(二甲双胍)，
fr instance, has been ffered t diabetics(糖尿病患者) fr decades. Adventurus nes travel t Hnduras t have genes inserted int their cells t make mre f a prtein. A still mre extreme chice is the brain-cmputer interface(BCI) (脑机接口)，a device designed t pass signals directly between bilgical brains and silicn(硅) chips.
Plenty f peple seem t want t try ut these ideas. But the human-enhancement prject suffers frm tw
related prblems. The first is that it is a cnfusing mix f cutting-edge science and ld-fashined snake il. Sme f
its ideas lk genuinely prmising, and many are designed t cheat inncent custmers f their mney. The secnd
prblem is that the pr reputatin scares ff the srt f large-scale investment that culd help mve enhancement
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frward mre quickly and safely.
T fix that, gvernments shuld create an envirnment in which strict and thrugh trials can mre easily take
place. That will mean rethinking the purpse f medical regulatin. American regulatrs recently apprved a trial
f metfrmin as an anti-ageing medicine. Better rules wuld help patients identify the gd frm the bad.
Thinking abut human enhancement nw will als help gvernments prepare t deal with the dwnsides. If
technlgies like BCI wrk half as well as sme hpe, they will leave thse wh refuse them at a big disadvantage.
Better fr gvernments t set sme rules nw than be caught ff guard if and when Mr. Jhnsn and his fellws
strike it big.
32. What des Bryan Jhnsn’s daily rutine indicate?
A. His belief in natural ageing prcesses.
B. His cmmitment t living permanently.
C. His enjyment f mixing pills with fd.
D. His rejectin f traditinal medical treatment.
33. What is the purpse f Paragraph 2?
A. T cmpare the effectiveness f different drugs.
B. T present the flexibility f human enhancement.
C. T praise the super technlgy f human enhancement.
D. T prvide examples f human enhancement techniques.
34. What prblems des the human-enhancement prject face?
A. High csts and lw public trust.
B. Mral cncerns and gvernment bans.
C. Reputatin challenge and limited investment.
D. Technlgical barriers and ineffective regulatins.
35. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Superhuman: A Wild Dream Within Reach
B. Anti-Ageing Research: A Must-seize Initiative
C. Bryan Jhnsn: A Man Pursuing Everlasting Life
D. Human Enhancement: A Frntier Shadwed by Risks
第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Yu are living a 3R life: reduce, reuse and recycle. Yu take shrter shwers and cllect rainwater fr
watering plant. Yu always bring yur wn reusable bags and chpsticks when ging ut. Of curse yu wn’t
frget t buy lcal and seasnal fruits and vegetables t reduce carbn ftprint caused by transprtatin.
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Hw d yu get thse arund yu t live mre sustainably? “It can be tricky, especially if they’re nt ready t
embrace the cncept, but there are sme ways,” says Silvia de Denar Vieira in San Francisc, the c-funder f
the hme management app Cexist, which helps families jin frces at hme. 37 Yu can
fcus n pinting ut ne habit at a time. Reducing single-use plastics and building up frm there is a gd
beginning.
38 If yur family members dn’t care abut living a green life, find ut what they d
care abut. Many ec-friendly chices als save mney, cut dwn n waste r make daily life mre efficient. Fr
example, switching t energy-efficient appliances r LED bulbs can lwer electricity bills, which might appeal t
family members interested in saving mney.
“Make it easy,” Silvia stresses. Keeping reusable bags in the car r setting up a simple waste srting prcess in
the kitchen can reduce pressure fr yur family members. 39
4
“Respect thers’ bundaries.” Silvia asks everyne t take nte f this. 40 If yur
family is resistant t a particular habit, it helps t take a step back and fcus n what’s trubling them rather than
frcing the issue. Only when they achieve energy cnservatin in a way that matches their cmfrt and pririties
can their behavirs be sustainable.
A. Sustainability is a lng game.
B. But it is nt the case with yur family.
C. She suggests ding this jb by starting small.
D. They may feel autmatic rather than like extra wrk.
E. It is everyne’s duty t reduce the burden n the earth.
F. Arund the wrld, 3R life has fund their way int ur daily life.
G. Anther tip is t base sustainable actins n yur family’s pririties.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last year, n ur mm-sn trip t Clrad, I came up with a rule: We wuld say yes t everything. Lepld
is a picky eater and can be 41 t try new things.
I attempted t find a way t 42 him withut turning t wrn-ut prverbs like “If yu dn’t try it,
yu’ll never knw if yu like it.” S I 43 the idea f a Yes Day, frm the mvie f the same name.
We agreed we wuld say yes t everything.
Our “yes” jurney began at an airprt buffet. Fr me, that meant I 44 a vegan meatball, and
Lepld tried smething he said lked “funny”. Neither f us went back fr secnds, but we each rated ur new
fds as “nt bad” 45 . Later that afternn, despite the 46 -10℃cld, Lepld insisted n ging in the utdr ht tub. Hnring ur agreement, I 47 my fear f wet chill, and we jumped in
— trembled upn exit. We were happy as we 48 it tgether.
The next day, I tk Lepld t meet the snwbarding instructr. Thugh 49 by the muntain’s
slpes, I hped that we wuld push ur 50 . On the first day f skiing, we played it safe and 51
easy slpes. On the secnd day, as learning prgressed, Lepld, wh had fear f heights, still kept ur 52 .
Under the prtectin f the instructr’s safeguard measures, we 53 urselves n a steeper run.
We had s much fun saying yes t everything that we decided t get the rest f the family 54 .
There lies the beauty f saying yes n vacatin: Develping a sense f 55 helps us live life t the fullest —even if yu smetimes wind up cld and wet.
41. A. curius B. shy C. hesitant D. eager
42. A. frce B. encurage C. cheat D. fl
43. A. invented B. abandned C. brrwed D. dismissed
44. A. rejected B. sampled C. ignred D. served
45. A. respectively B. randmly C. thrughly D. hurriedly
46. A. csy B. mderate C. biting D. refreshing
47. A. swallwed B. expressed C. acknwledged D. encuntered
48. A. suspended B. abused C. skipped D. braved
49. A. defeated B. discuraged C. inspired D. fascinated
50. A. spirits B. pwers C. pains D. limits
51. A. hped fr B. made up C. gave up D. stuck t
52. A. bargain B. rute C. schedule D. traditin
53. A. guided B. questined C. challenged D. threatened
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54. A. n duty B. n bard C. under pressure D. under cntrl
55. A. respnsibility B. security C. achievement D. adventure
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Fascinated by China’s splendid culture I was frtunate t g t China t study Chinese in 2017. There I
56 (intrduce) t Du Fu’s “The Thatched Cttage Is Brken by the Autumn Wind” by my teacher, wh
read slwly but engagingly, transprting me int the clrful wrld f ancient petry and particularly Tang petry.
57 (drive) by the beauty f Tang petry, an endless surce f mtivatin, I felt a strng
urge 58 (explre) its depths and share its wnders with thers. Since then, I 59
(develp) a deep lve fr Tang Petry, 60 ppularity is such that few in China cannt recite
a few Tang pems.
My desk hlds several cllectins f Tang petry. With lines that inspire emtins like jy and 61
(sad), each reading sessin leaves me 62 (desire) t read mre. Li Bai’s free-flwing
imaginatin, Du Fu’s 63 (sympathy) insight, Du Mu’s atmspheric wrlds and Li Shangyin’
s bittersweet rmance, Wang Han’s herism, and Wang Wei’s peace all resnate(产生共鸣) with raw emtin and
wisdm.
Tang petry ffers us a better understanding f ancient Chinese peple’s elegant life, teaches us t enrich ur
fast-paced mdern lives with grace 64 takes us t places as far as ur hearts can reach.
My devtin t Tang petry in 2017 was a beautiful encunter and a prfund transfrmatin f my sul.
Nw, as a Chinese language teacher back in Vietnam, 65 I dream f is t sw the seed f
lve fr Tang petry in my students just as my teacher did fr me.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
假定你是某国际学校学生李华。为鼓励学生走出教室亲近自然，你校计划改造池塘和空地，使其焕发
自然的生机，现在向全校学生征集建议。请你用英文写一封书信，内容包括：
1. 你的建议；
2. 理由。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Schl Cmmittee,
I’m Li Hua, a student at ur schl.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节（满分 25 分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
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Bth my husband and I were laid ff. There wasn’t much surprise abut it because the ecnmy was really
bad these days. I was wrking as a temprary waitress in a fast-fd restaurant, and my husband Clin was lking
fr a jb, believing that he wuld sn find ne.
Thugh ptimistic, we were living a tight life — we reduced ur film time in the cinemas and ate ut less. Skimming thrugh Instagram vides at hme, I came acrss a pst featuring a litter f five kittens(小猫) that had
been brn in an animal adptin agency.
“Cute,” I thught, watching the tiny balls f fluff(毛 茸 茸 ) bunce arund tgether n the flr. Then, I
nticed ne f them culdn’t walk straight. It wbbled(摇 晃 ) frm side t side with each step, struggling t
maintain balance. The captin(说明文字) explained his names was Phin and it had been diagnsed with cerebellar
hypplasia, a neurlgical disrder which affects walking, balance and mvement.
“I hpe he des well and finds a gd hme,” I cmmented n the pst.
When I checked the adptin agency’s page tw mnths later, I was sad t see Phin still hadn’t been adpted. I knew that if it was nt adpted within half a year, it wuld be put t sleep because f the limited funding f the
adptin agency — they culd nt affrd t keep s many cats and dgs living in there.
“I dn’t want t watch Phin die,” I turned t Clin, wh was als watching the vides f Phin. In the vides,
the figure f Phin wbbling dwn the stairs lked cautius and adrable. Because he had mvement issues, he wuld als peck(啄) at his fd rather than keep his head dwn at his bwl t eat.
“He lks like a little angel,” I sighed. “N, he is a drunken sailr,” Clin respnded. “Even if we adpt this
drunken sailr, we can still make a living. I will find a jb sn,” my husband said firmly.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: We set ff fr the adptin agency the next mrning.
Paragraph 2: With the psts f Phin spreading widely nline, he was nt a financial burden at all.
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2024-2025-2 明德中学高二下 5 月考试
（参考答案）
第一部分 听力 略
第二部分 阅读
第一节 短文理解
21—23 ACD 24—27 BBAC
28—31 DCAB 32—35 BDCD
第二节 七选五
36—40 BCGDA
第三部分 语言运用
第一节 完形填空
41—45 CBCBA 46—50 CADBD
51—55 DACBD
第二节 语法填空
56. was intrduced 57. Driven
58. t explre 59. have develped
60. whse 61. sadness
62. desiring 63. sympathetic
64. and 65. what
第四部分 写作
第一节
Dear Schl Cmmittee,
I’m Li Hua, a student at ur schl. I’m glad t hear that ur schl plans t transfrm the pnd and the vacant
land. Here are my suggestins.
First, we can plant varius flwers and trees arund the pnd t create a beautiful natural scenery. Secnd,
building a small pavilin by the pnd will prvide a place fr students t rest and enjy the view.
The reasns fr these suggestins are as fllws. By getting clse t nature, students can relieve stress and
imprve their mental health. Mrever, a well-transfrmed area can als enhance the verall beauty f ur schl.
I hpe yu can cnsider my suggestins.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节
We set ff fr the adptin agency the next mrning. The mment we entered, Phin wbbled tward us, his
tiny paws struggling t keep balance. His big, hpeful eyes melted ur hearts instantly. The staff explained his
cnditin again, emphasizing the extra care he’d need. “We’re ready,” Clin said, gently scping Phin int his
arms. On the way hme, Phin curled up in my lap, purring sftly as if he knew he was safe. Thugh mney was
tight, the jy he brught made every sacrifice wrthwhile.
With the psts f Phin spreading widely nline, he was nt a financial burden at all. His adrable clumsiness went viral, and fllwers dnated fr his care. A lcal pet stre even ffered free supplies. Inspired, I started
sharing his prgress — his first steady steps, his playful head pecks — and ur stry resnated with many. Clin fund a jb shrtly after, and Phin became ur little masct f hpe. What began as a rescue turned int a jurney
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f lve, prving that kindness, even in hard times, always finds its way back.
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