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备战高考英语(核心考点精讲精练)考点01 名词与数词(原卷版)
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这是一份备战高考英语(核心考点精讲精练)考点01 名词与数词(原卷版),共19页。试卷主要包含了 高考真题考点分布, 命题规律及备考策略, 名词所有格;,作宾语的补足语,作定语,作状语等内容,欢迎下载使用。
1. 高考真题考点分布
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于名词的考查基本在名词上共计18次,主要考查:
1.给出名词提示词,考查名词的数;
2.名词的功能和构成:给其他词性形式 (通常为动词、形容词)提示词,填写名词;
3. 名词所有格;
4.名词的固定搭配。
【备考策略】
熟练掌握名词单数变复数的基本规则,根据句意或主谓一致原则确定名词的数;
明确形容词与名词、冠词与名词之间的修饰关系以及在句中所作成分,确定名词的恰当形式。
要熟练掌握名词所有格的作用。
【命题预测】
2025年语法填空对名词的考查仍然会成为高考的重点,主要集中在给出词根进行词类转化,根据习惯用法或固定短语确定名词,名词的复数形式,所有格形式的变化。主谓一致一般会与名词、动词的时态和语态放在一起考查。
必备基础知识:
名词
一、概念:表示人、事、 物、地点或抽象概念的统一名称。
名词分为专有名词和普通名词,普通名词又可分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,单数名词表示一个可数事物,复数名词表示两个或两个以上的可数事物
二、分类
英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类:
专有名词是人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称 包括:人名、地名、国家名、机构名、书名、电影名等。
①表示人名的名词 Jenny珍妮 Mr Green格林先生
②表示国名,地名,山河,沙漠名的名词 China中国 the Great Wall长城 the UK英国 (其中虚词the不大写)
③表示特定机构的名词 Natinal Basketball Assciatin (NBA)全美篮球协会 Bank f China中国银行
Wrld Trade Organizatin (WTO)世界贸易组织
④表示星期,月份,节日的名词 Mnday星期一Sunday星期日August八月Octber十月 Mther's Day母亲节
Christmas Day圣诞节 the Dragn Bat Festival端午节(其中虚词the不大写)
⑤表示报刊,著作的名词 New Yrk Times纽约时报 Alice jin Wnderland爱丽丝梦游仙境
考点一 可数名词的复数
(1)规则变化
注意:
①以-结尾的下列名词要加-es,它们是"黑人英雄在回声中吃土豆、西红柿",即Negres,heres,eches,ptates,tmates。
但下列以-结尾的名词既可以加-es,也可以加-s,它们是:zers(zeres)零,msquits (msquites)蚊子,vlcans (vlcanes)火山。
②以-f或-fe结尾的下列名词需要把f或fe去掉,加-ves,
树叶半数自己黄,妻子拿刀去割粮;架后窜出一只狼,就像小偷逃命忙。
在这些词中,由单数变复数时,须先将f或fe变为v再加-es变成复数,
即:树叶 leaf - leaves, 半数half--halves, 自己self—selves; 妻子 wife--wives, 刀knife -- knives, 长条面包laf—lves; 架 shelf --shelves, 狼wlf --wlves, 小偷 thief—thieves; 生命life-lives。
相信证据在悬崖的顶房。
在这些词中,由单数变复数时,直接在词尾加-s构成,即:
相信(belief -beliefs);悬崖(cliff - cliffs)证据(prf - prfs)上顶房(即房顶、屋顶 rf - rfs)
码头侏儒围围巾,手绢复数变二心。
在这些词中,由单数变复数时,以上两种情况均可,即:码头(wharf)侏儒(dwarf)围围巾(scarf),手绢(handkerchief)复数变二心(即以上两种情况均可。
③名词前有man或wman修饰,变复数时,作定语的man 或wman和后面的名词都要变成复数。如:wman dctr→wmen dctrs
(2)不规则变化
①常见单复数同形的名词
Chinese 中国人;sheep 绵羊;deer鹿;series 系列;means 方式;wrks 工厂;fish 鱼;fruit 水果等。其中fish,fruit表示种类时,可加复数词尾,即fishes,fruits。
②自身有特殊变化的名词
child孩子→children man男人→men tth牙→teeth ft脚,英尺→feet muse老鼠→mice phenmenn现象→phenmena medium传播媒介→media
考点二 不可数名词具体化
通常只用作不可数名词的名词:
advice建议, furniture家具, fun乐趣;infrmatin信息,news新闻, weather天气, prgress进步,wealth财富,value价值等。
(2)不可数名词具体化
①具有某种特性、状态、情感的抽象名词在表示具体的概念时,可以与不定冠词连用,常考的有:
Yur cntributin will certainly make the event a huge success.你的贡献一定会使这个事件很成功。
②物质名词具体化
drink饮料→tw drinks 两杯饮料 cffee咖啡→a cffee一杯咖啡 chalk 粉笔→a chalk 一支粉笔 hair 头发→a hair 一根头发
③抽象名词与a(an)连用,淡化了抽象概念,转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类别。例如:
Being able t affrd a drink wuld be a cmfrt in thse tugh times.在那些艰难的时期,能够买得起一杯酒会是一件欣慰的事。
1.【2023年全国甲卷】Hwever, Carsn’s theme is a mre weighty ___69___ (warn) abut envirnmental destructin.
1.【2024届江西省南昌市东湖区南昌市第十九中学高三下学期第五次模拟】The ldest 12 (evident) f ndles was frm 4,000 years ag in China.
2.【2024届广东省广州市天河区高三下学期三模】Huang Bingbing, living in Shenzhen, Guangdng prvince, is an enthusiastic 9 (supprt) f this idea.
考点三 名词所有格
(1)-’s所有格
①用and连接的并列名词的所有格要分两种情况,即表示各自的所有关系时,要分别在并列名词后加-’s 或’;表示共同的所有关系时,只在最后一个名词后加-’s或’。
Tm’s and Jim’s rms.汤姆和吉姆(各自)的房间。
Tm and Jim’s rm.汤姆和吉姆(共同)的房间。
②表示店铺、办公室或某人的家时,名词所有格后被修饰的名词一般省略。
at the barber’s在理发店
at the teacher’s在老师办公室
(2)f所有格
表示无生命的事物的名词通常用f所有格表示所有关系;名词短语或有定语修饰的有生命的名词也常用f所有格。
the cntent f the nvel小说的内容
the name f the girl ver there那边那位女孩的名字
(3)双重所有格
指"名词+f+名词所有格"或"名词+f+名词性物主代词"。
a play f Shakespeare’s(莎士比亚的一个戏剧)
a friend f mine(我的一个朋友)
【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】He saved my ___44___ (sn) life," said Mrs. Brwn. "I dn't knw ___45hw___ t thank him. ”
【方法指导】
The dctr was very pleased that mst f his ________ (patient) health imprved after the treatment.
Tday is September 10th. It’s ________(Teacher) Day. Let’s say “Thank yu” t ur teachers.
考点四 名词的语法功能
1.作主语
The yung wman played an imprtant part in the matter. 那年轻女人在这件事上举足轻重。
His grandpa jined the Red Army at the age f fifteen. 他爷爷十五岁时参加红军。
2.作宾语
(1)作及物动词的直接宾语
I met yur elder brther in the street。我在街上碰见你哥哥了。
Have yu finished the letter t Jane?你写完给珍的信了吗?
(2)作及物动词的间接宾语。
I tld my students a funny stry. 我给学生们讲一个有趣的故事。
She asked the dctr anther questin. 她问了医生另一个问题。
(3)作介词的宾语。
After 20 years’ traveling, he settled dwn in Liangxiang. 二十年的流浪后,他在良乡定居。
D yu still ask yur parents fr mney?你还向爸妈要钱吗?
3.作表语
It’s a gd idea t plant trees here . 在这里栽些树是个好主意。
She is nw a prfessr while her husband remains a wrker. 也现在是教授而丈夫仍是个工人。
4.作宾语的补足语
They elected Tm head f the wrkshp. 他们推选汤姆当车间的头。(职务名词作宾补前面不加冠词)
The ld man called my uncle Xia Li. 老人喊我叔叔小李。
5.作定语
(1)直接作定语, 通常用单数形式。
cllege students大学生 girl friend女友 vegetable garden菜园 basketball match篮球赛
Let’s stp by the bk stre n the way hme.回家的路上,我们的书店停一下吧!
He bught the shes in that she shp. 这双鞋他是在那个鞋店买的。
(2)名词所有格作定语。
students’ bks学生用书
China’s capital中国的首都
the wrld’s ppulatin世界人口
(3)man,wman,gentleman作定语
man,wman,gentleman作定语时可以用单数和复数两种形式,但必须随所修饰名词的数而定。
He said that tw wmen dctrs wuld cme t ur village the next day. 他说明天有两个女医生到我们村子来。
There are many men teachers in ur schl. 我们学校有很多男教师。
(4)某些常用复数的名词用作定语
某些常用复数的名词,当它们用作定语时,也须用复数形式。
arms prductin 武器生产 clthes shp服装商店 sales department营业部 a gds train货车
savings bank 储蓄所 freign languages department外语系
(5)单位名称、报纸、广播、电视等的标题中经常出现复数名词作定语。
Learning Skills center学习技巧交流中心 The Bys Club 男孩俱乐部
(6)表示类别时名词直接作定语还是用所有格作定语一定要严格遵守习惯。
a peasant family/by(peasant习惯直接作定语) a wrker’s family(wrker习惯用所有格作定语)
(7)两种定语有时并存但意义不一样。
wmen drivers女司机 the wman’s driver这位妇女的司机
girl friend女朋友 the girl’s friend 这女孩的朋友
mther tngue母语 mther’s tngue母亲的舌头
(8)名词作定语强调被修饰成分的内容或职能,与其同根的形容词作定语则强调特点或属性
gld watch 金表 (指手表是含金的) glden watch 金色的表 (指表是金色的,但不一定含金)
6.作状语
时间名词、数量名词、距离名词等有时可以作状语。
The sldiers walked 50 kilmeters at a night. 战士们一夜行军五十公里
Yur suitcase weighs 10 kilgrams. 你的手提箱重10千克。
【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Since June 2017, right befre the ___56___ (arrive) f the tw new pandas, Meng Meng and Jia Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the z t feel mre cmfrtable and ___57cnfident___ (cnfidence) speaking English.
1.【河南省部分重点高中2023-2024学年高三下学期5月联考】 Smetimes, hwever, imperial advisrs used them t make a 35 (suggest) t the emperr.
2.【2024届湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学高三下学期五月模拟】Crwd 15 (favrite) include “cmet”, featuring a lng trail f sparks; “peny”, a flwer-like burst; and “strbe”, which prduces a blinking effect.
数词
【命题规律】
数词在高考中的考点并不多,主要涉及:
基数词、序数词的准换
数词的特殊用法;
有数词参与的语法结构中结合冠词等考查。
【备考策略】熟练掌握基数词和序数词转换的基本规则。注意几个不规则词的转换。
【命题预测】预测2024年高考对于数词的考查仍然会以基数词、序数词的准换和数词的特殊用法为主。
必备基础知识:
考点一、基数词
表示数量的词叫基数词。1---12的基数词是独立单词;13---19的基数词都是以-teen结尾的,要注意thirteen,fifteen,eighteen的拼法稍有不同;20一90的十位数,以后缀-ty结尾,要注意twenty,thirty,fifty,eighty的特殊点。如下表:
1.【考查点】:基数词的读法
1)三位数的读法:第一个数字+ hundred +and+后面的一位或两位数字。
如:107→ne hundred and seven;765→seven hundred and sixty-five。
2)1,000以上的数的读法:先从后向前数,每三位数加一个逗号,第一个逗号前的数字用thusand(千),第二个逗号前的数字用millin(百万),用 "几十thusand"表示 "几万",以 "几百thusand"表示 "几十万",用 "几十millin"表示 "几千万",用"几百millin"表示 "几亿"。如:13,789,653→thirteen millin seven hundred and eighty-nine thusand six hundred and fifty-three。
2.【考查点】:数词的复数形式
1)表示几十岁时。如“二十多岁”说twenties,表示的是20岁到29岁。依次类推,thirties表示“三十几岁”,frties表示“四十几岁”,但“十几岁”不可说tens,而要说teens,指13岁至19岁,“in ne's+基数词复数”也是一个比较重要的知识点。形式如:
He died in his thirties.
She is in her teens.
2)表示几十年代时,如:“二十世纪八十年代”写成1980s或1980’s,均读作nineteen eighties,指的是1980至1989年这十年间,需注意的是,年代用文字表示时则不可用-'s形式。如:
Great changes tk place in the l970s.
Histry has entered the eighties.
3)表示不确定数目时,这时要在millin,thusand,hundred等词后加上-s并与f连用,表示大约多至“数以……计”,但millins f等前不能再加基数词,却可加sme,several等表示不确定数目的修饰语,而millin,thusand,hundred等词前面有数字时,就不能再加-s,也不能加f如:
Millins f ther stars are even bigger and brighter than the sun.
Sme hundreds f new buildings have been put up here this year.
There are tw thusand students in my schl.
4)当基数词用作可数名词或用于某些固定词组中时,也要用复数。如:
Hw many sevens are there in frty-nine? 49里面有多少个7?
They arrived by tws and threes. 他们三三两两的来了。
Wait a minute.I’ll be finished in tw tws. 请等一下,我马上就来
3.【考查点】:数词和名词单数一起作定语,中间用连字符连接。
a seven-year-ld girl 一个七岁的女孩
a tw-thusand-wrd article 一篇2千字的文章
4.【考查点】:当基数词和序数词同时修饰一个名词时,序数词一般放在基数词前;但如果序数词充当描绘性修饰时,则放在基数词后。
He is ne f the first five students. 他是前五名的学生之一。
He wn three first prizes. 他获得三次第一名。
1.We have tw ears and ne muth s that we can listen ________(tw) as much as we speak.
A cuple in their ________________ (seventy) living in Lndn, UK can chse t play glf in cuncil-run curses csting frm £10 each time.
It tk us quite a lng time t get here. It was ____ jurney.
A.three-hur B. a three hur
C.a three-hur D. three hurs
考点二:序数词
表示数目顺序的词叫序数词。序数词的构成规则,如下表:
我们可以按照一个简单的口诀进行基数词和序数词转换的记忆;
1,2,3特别记
(ne-first,tw-secnd,three-third这三个词变化没有规律,需要单独记)
8加h,9去e
(eight-eighth,nine-ninth,eight直接加h,nine需要去e再加th)
ve要用f替
(主要是five和twelve,ve变成f,再加th,five-fifth,twelve-twelfth)
见y变ie,再加th
(主要是针对整十数,例如twenty-twentieth)
要变几十几,只变各位就可以
(变成第几十几,不用管十位,只变个位上的数就可以,例如twenty-ne----twenty-first)
不在口诀内的部分,只需要在基数词后面加th就可以
【考查点】序数词前是需要加定冠词the的,但也有不用定冠词的情况
1)表示顺序的语气很弱,具有“又一”、“再一”的意思时,其前要用不定冠词,不用定冠词。如:
l.He cast the net a secnd time.
2.A third bullet passed.
2)序数词前己有指示代词、物主代词、名词所有格或every时,不用定冠词。如:
l.He made his first set in an ld bx.
2.Berlin in 1929 held a public celebratin n Einstein’s fiftieth birthday.
3)在表示分数的序数词前不用定冠词。如:
Frm then n Bashi tured three-furths f Beijing.
Tw-thirds f the area is cvered by trees.
4)数词与名词构成复合名词时,不用定冠词。如:
There is a first-class htel ver there.
He went t a secnd-hand bkshp.
5)序数词用作副词时,不用定冠词。如:
Why did the captain first hesitate in letting the by risk climbing the tree?
First cme,first served.
6)在一些由序数词构成的固定词组里不用定冠词。如:
1.at first 2.first f all 3.frm first t last
2.(2020课标全国Ⅰ短文改错改编)In the summer hliday fllwing my (eighteen) birthday, I tk driving lessns.
【2024届湖南省邵阳市高三下学期第三次联考】The abacus (算盘), a manually perated cunting aid that riginated in China, was knwn as the 21 (five) great inventin in China by Jseph Needham, a well-knwn British bichemist and histrian. Befre the advent f Arabic numerals, the abacus was a widely used cunting tl glbally.
考点三、数词的功能
1.【考查点】序号表示法
(1)单纯的序号,可在基数词前加number,简写为N.。如:N.1第一号
(2)事物名词的序号表达法有什所不同:
①对于一些小序号可有序数词也可用基数词表达.
形式分别为:the +序数词 + 名词;名词 + 基数词。
如:第一次世界大战可以表示为the First Wrld War或Wrld War One。
②对于一些大序号我们通常只用一种表达法,即名词 + 数词。
如:501号房间表示为Rm 501, 538路公共汽车表示为Bus 538。
③可用a / the + number + 基数词 + 名词。
如:a N.5 bus一辆五路公共汽车,the N.8 bus那辆8路公共汽车。
2.【考查点】倍数的表达方式
一般情况下我们用以下四种倍数表达方式:
(1)倍数用在as + 形容词 / 副词(原级)+ as结构之前。如:
They have three times as many cws as we d.
(2)倍数放在形容词或副词的比较级之前或by + 倍数用在比较级之后。如:
This rpe is fur times lnger than that ne.
They prduced mre prducts in 2001 than thse in 2000 by twice.
(3)倍数用在表示度量名词前,其基本结构为:倍数 + the + size / length / weight … + f + 表示比较对象的名词,也可用于倍数 + what引导的从句中。如:
This rm is three times the size f that ne.
The cllege is twice what it was 5 years age.
Yu can’t imagine that rats eat 40 t 50 times their weight.
(4) 主语+谓语+倍数(分数)+ 形容词(副词)比较级+ than…。例如:
The grain utput is 8 percent higher this year than that f last year.
今年比去年粮食产量增加8%。
3.【考查点】大约数的表示方法
(1)用ten、dzen、scre、hundred、thusand、millin等数词的复数后加f短语来表示几十、几百、上千、成千上万等大约数概念。如:
The little by buys dzens f pencils every term.
Thusands f peple died in the earthquake.
Every year tens f thusands f peple g t wrk in Guangdng Prvince.
(2)用、less than、under、belw、almst、nearly、up t 等来表示小于或接近某数目。如:
He is gd at English, s he can finish the paper in less than tw hurs.
(3)用mre than、ver、abve、beynd、r mre等来表示超过或多于某个数目。如:
Peking University has a histry f mre than 100 years.
(4)用r、r s、abut、arund、sme、mre r less等表示在某一数目左右。如:
Abut 50 peple were present at that time.
(5)用t、frm … t…、between … and表示介于两数词。如:
His salary rises frm 20 dllars a week t 35 dllars a week.
(6)注意事项:dzen、scre、hundred、thusand、millin作数词表示确切数量时,不用复数。如:three scre, five dzen, seven millin等。
4.【考查点】分数的表达方式
(1)分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1时,分母用复数。如:ne-third三分之一,three-sevenths七分之三。
(2)分子与分母之间加in, 分子在前,分母在后,分子分母都用基数词。如:ne in ten 十分之一,five in eight八分之五。
(3)分子与分母之间加ut f , 分子在前,分母在后,分子分母都用基数词。如:ne ut f ten十分之一,five ut f eight八分之五。
5.【考查点】百分数的表示法
(1)表示百分数直接将数词放在单词percent前面即可,如:twenty percent百分之二十。
(2)分数和百分数后面不能直接接名词或代词,而用以下形式:分数/百分数 +f + 冠词 / 限定词 + 名词/ 代词 ,其谓语动词与f后的名词在人称和数上保持一致,如:
Tw-thirds f the mney was spent n fd.
Abut seventy percent f the earth surface is cvered by water.
6.【考查点】小数的表示法
小数的表示法,小数点前的总值发同其他数词一样,小数点用pint,小数点后面的数读成个位数,如:9.65表示为nine pint six five。218.39表示为tw hundred and eighteen pint three nine。
1.It is nt rare in -_____peple _____ fifties are ging t university fr further educatin.
A.90s; theB.the 90s; /C.90s; theirD.the 90s; their
2.__________ f the students in ur class __________ ging t the summer camp in Beijing next week.
A.Tw fifths, is B.Secnd fifths, areC.Secnd fifths, isD.Tw fifths, are
In ther wrds, there are three times ________ many girls as bys.
考点四、scre(二十),dzen (打; 十二个)的用法
1)当dzen与基数词或many,several等连用时,不加“-s”,所修饰的名词前常省去f。但是,在a dzen f these peple, tw dzen f them等短语中应加f。这是因为习惯上在these, thse, us等词前该用dzen f的缘故。
tw dzen bks 两打书 tw (many,several)dzen pencils 两打(几打)铅笔
sme dzen peple是“若干打的人(几十个人,许多人)”。
2) scre意为“二十”。tw scre f peple中应加f,但three scre and ten peple,“70人”中不加f。scres f peple意为“许多人”。上述这两个词的复数形式与f连用时,表示不确切的数量,意为"许多……","大量的……"。如:
fr dzens f years 好几十年以来 scres f years ag 许多年前 scres f times 许多次
Shrtly after the accident, tw_____ plice were sent t the pst t keep rder.
A.dzen fB.dzensC.dzenD.dzens f
_________ (millin) f waterfwl (水禽) were killed at the hands f market hunters and a handful f verly ambitius sprtsmen.
【答案】Millins
附表1:英语中年月日、点钟、序数词、分数词、算式列表
附表2:约数表示法列表
附表3:不定数量词“多”的表示法列表
(最新模拟试题演练)
1.【2024届黑龙江省部分学校高三下学期第五次模拟】In the midst f a rapidly develping era defined by ecnmic grwth, the prtagnist A Ba, prtrayed by actr Hu Ge, becmes a 17 (represent) f thse cnstantly pursuing success and material wealth.
2.【2024届湖北省新高考协作体高三下学期三模联考】Lcated in Zhaping Cunty in Hezhu City, Suth China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autnmus Regin, Huangya Ancient Twn is 200 kilmeters frm Guilin—ne f the mst-visited turist 21 (spt)in Guangxi. It is said that the twn was named after tw cmmn surnames back then—Huang and Ya.
3.【2024届浙江省(杭州二中、绍兴一中、温州中学、金华一中、衢州二中)五校联盟高三5月联考】 40 (recnstruct) based n this research seem t suggest the Qin fashin-at least in the army-was t clash clurs (撞色).
4.【2024届贵州省部分学校高三下学期5月份联考】In 8 (cnclude), Chinese pera is a treasured art frm 9deeply (deep) rted in Chinese culture.
5.【2024届东北三省四校高三下学期第四次模拟】 Researchers hpe labratry 16 (analyze) n the western tmb’s burial chamber, which is currently underway, will help them determine wh was buried there.
6.【2024届河北省衡水市部分示范性高中高三下学期三模】She is ne f many wh regard gua sha as an efficient way t ease muscle pains and 2 (tired).
7.【2024届河北省衡水市部分示范性高中高三下学期三模】The treatment is used fr 9 (cnditin) cnsidered nt serius enugh t g t hspital, accrding t an article in the magazine Sanlian Life Lab.
8.【2024届江西省新余市高三下学期二模】The traditin symblizes the transitin frm the inactive winter t the energetic 42 (grw) f spring. In the clder mnths, we have less energy t spare fr 43 (chre).
9.【四川省成都市成实外教育联盟2023-2024学年高三下学期联考】 Althugh/Thugh/While 32 different cunties and varius regins have their wn cultures, if we pursue harmny between humanity and nature, there will be n frictin-and n 33 (vilent).” said Zhng.
10.【2024届福建省南平市建阳区福建省南平市建阳区高三预测绝密卷模拟】After thrugh evaluatins based n taste, 22 (present) , and number f ingredients (原料) , a sweet pie by Matt Maxin and a savry (香草的) pie by Garrick Hustn tk tp 23 (hnr) .
11.【2024届江西省景德镇市高三下学期第三次质量检测】Over 500 16 (lcal) make a living thrugh the wrkshp.
12.【2024届山东省日照市高三下学期二模】Frm cupping t persnalized herbal treatment, she encurages thers t explre the diverse and useful 70 (apprach) that Chinese traditinal medicine has t ffer.
13.【2024届四川省德阳市高三下学期三诊考试】 She plays the rle f Le Ying, an unemplyed wman in her 72 (thirty) wh still lives with her parents until ne day, she 73 frtunately (frtune) meets a bxing cach (by Lei Jiayin).
14.【2024届四川省德阳市高三下学期三诊考试】Sny recently made an 80 (annunce) abut the English remake rights t “Hi, Mm,” which is currently in develpment.
15.【2024届湖南省永州市高三下学期第三次模拟】Thse in Dazhai are imprtant 5 (representative) f Lngji terracing, a well-knwn type f terrace that can be fund all ver the cunty. ... Lngji terraces are an imprtant mdel f ancient Chinese water 10 (manage) and agricultural civilizatin that has been passed dwn t the present day.
16.【2024届辽宁省重点高中协作校联考高三下学期4月高考模拟】 Prcelain (瓷器) is a material made frm well-chsen prcelain clay thrugh a series f technlgical 1 (prcess) like mixing, mlding, drying and firing. Althugh prcelain develped frm pttery, it is superir in bth practical 2and artistic terms. In the Yuan Dynasty, Jingdezhen, the Capital f Prcelain, prduced blue and white prcelain which later became the 7 (represent) f prcelain.
17.【2024届四川省眉山市仁寿县四川省仁寿第一中学校模拟】These wrds f 13 (encurage) were like a warm wind, refreshing ur tired bdies and minds.
18.If it is nt turned in by the ________________ (fur) day after the due date, it will earn a zer.
【2024届吉林省长春市吉林大学附属中学高三下学期考前适应考试】Baiyang Lake, als knwn as Lake Baiyangdian, is lcated in the Xing’an New Area f Bading. As the largest freshwater lake in Nrth China, it has gained 1 (recgnize) as the “Pearl f Nrth China” due t its breathtaking scenery and unique eclgical functins. It is referred t 2 the Kidney f Nrth China.
The ld Chinese mvie “Zhang Ga, the Sldier By” is famus fr the lake 3 Zhang Ga lived. With the beautiful ltus, flurishing reeds and plenty f fish. Lake Baiyangdian is 4 (precise) like that lake.
5 (serve) as a crucial waterway, Baiyangdian Lake ccupies an imprt ant lcatin in the ancient basin f the Nrth China Plain. Thrughut the Nrthern Sng Dynasty, the imperial curt cntinually 6 (expand) the marshlands, resulting in the frmatin f a winding “Water Great Wall.” Over time, Baiyangdian Lake 7 (remain) steadfast (不变的) in fulfilling crucial eclgical rles frm string fldwater t regulating the climate.
Hwever, the lake almst dried ut because f climate change frm 1983 t 1988. Lcal gvernments launched 26 rehabilitatin prjects in 2005 8 (restre) and imprve Lake Baiyangdian’s eclgical envirnment. Nw, the beauty f Lake Baiyangdian resembles the ne 9 (describe) in “Zhang Ga, the Sldier By”, attracting visitrs wh hpe t take 10 glance at the vivid ltus, flurishing reeds and the clear lake water.
2024年
1.【新课标Ⅰ卷】These plants included mdern Western ____62____ (favurite) such as rsemary, lavender and fennel. The garden als cntains a winding path that guides visitrs thrugh the twelve regins f the Silk Rad. The path ffers ver 300 plant species fr visitrs t see, t.
2.【新课标Ⅰ卷】The Glasshuse stands ____63as____ a great achievement in cntemprary design, t huse the plants f the suthwestern part f China at the end f a path retracing (追溯) the steps alng the Silk Rute ____which/that___ brught the plants frm their native habitat in Asia t cme t define much f the _____65_____ (rich) f gardening in England.
3.【新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Tang and Shakespeare were cntempraries and bth died in 1616. Althugh they culd never have met, there are cmmn ___37___ (theme)in their wrks, said Paul Edmndsn, head f research fr the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust.
4.【新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Thse cultural elements have increased Stratfrd’s internatinal ___42___ (visible), said Edmndsn, adding that visitrs walking thrugh the Birthplace Garden were ften amazed ___t find__ (find)the cnnectin between the tw great writers.
2023年
1.【2023年全国乙卷】But fr all its ancient buildings, Beijing is als a place ____63which/that____ welcmes the fast-paced develpment f mdern life, with 21st-century architectural ____64____ (wnder) standing side by side with histrical buildings f the past.
2.【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Since June 2017, right befre the ___56___ (arrive) f the tw new pandas, Meng Meng and Jia Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the z t feel mre cmfrtable and _57_cnfident_ (cnfidence) speaking English. als need t be ready t give ___61___ (interview) in English with internatinal jurnalists.
3.【2023年全国甲卷】Hwever, Carsn’s theme is a mre weighty ___69___ (warn) abut envirnmental destructin.
4.【2023年全国甲卷】The bees, butterfly and many ther insects lked lvely and beautifully n the stamps.
2022年
1.【2022新高考1卷】The GPNP’s main gal is t imprve cnnectivity between separate ___62___ (ppulatin)and hmes f giant pandas, and _eventually (eventual)achieve a desired level f ppulatin in the wild.
2. 【2022全国乙卷】“As a main prmter f the Internatinal Tea Day, the birthplace f tea and the __largest_ (large) tea-prducing cuntry, China has a ___65___ (respnsible)t wrk with ther cuntries t prmte the healthy develpment f the tea industry.
【2022新高考二卷】He saved my ___64___ (sn) life," said Mrs. Brwn.
4. 【2022.全国乙卷 短文改错】Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle.
bicycle → bicycles
5. 【2022年天津卷第二次】When peple are depressed, sme experience a lss f________ while thers can’t stp eating.
A. appetiteB. pwerC. memryD. sight
2021年
1.【2021新高考1卷 】The rlling sea f cluds yu see nce yu are at the tp will remind yu hw tiny we 2 (human) are.
2.【2021.6全国甲卷】Suppsedly yu can d it in tw hurs, but we stpped at the different gates and 9 (watchtwer) t take pictures...
3.【2021.6全国乙卷】. 9 (activity) there range frm whale watching t hiking (远足) and accmmdatins aim t have a lw impact n the natural envirnment.
4.【2021.6全国甲卷 改错】Many students say they will talk t their friend r classmates because they're f the same age and can understand each ther.
5. 【2021.1 浙江卷】It is calculated by dividing a 3 (persn) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI f between 19 and 25 4 (cnsider) healthy.
6.【2021.6 浙江卷】In 1844 they bught it fr$ 1,200 and sme land frm Charles Dresser, wh perfrmed their 3 (marry) ceremny in 1842. ...
7.(2021.6全国乙卷 改错)I lve ding husewrk. I always assist my parents in ding the dish after meals.
8.【2021.6全国乙卷】It is different frm traditinal turism because it allws the traveler t becme educated abut the areas—bth in terms f gegraphical cnditins and cultural characteristics, and ften prvides mney fr cnservatin and benefits the 2 (develp) f the lcal areas.
9.【2021年天津卷第一次】Great imprvements in public health have been brught abut by ________ in medical science.
A.traditinsB.advancesC.pressuresD.examples
10 【2021年天津卷第二次】In the lab, keeping things clean and rganized can help prvide a safer ________.
A. systemB. methdC. investmentD. envirnment考点
题型
名词/数词
语法填空
年份
试卷类型
考点
考向
2024
2024·新课标I卷
favrites (favurite);
richness(rich)
名词的数;
名词的功能和构成
2024·新课标II卷
themes(theme);
visibility (visible)
名词的数;
名词的功能和构成
2024·全国乙卷
2024·全国甲卷
treasures(treasure)
cmpletin(cmplete)
名词的数
名词的功能和构成
2024·年浙江1月
criticism (criticize)
名词的功能和构成
2023
2023·新课标I卷
2023·新课标II卷
arrival(arrive)
interviews(interview)
名词的的功能和构成
2023·全国乙卷
wnders (wnder)
名词的数
2023·全国甲卷
different(difference)
Warning(Warn)
名词的功能和构成
2023·年浙江1月
events (event)
名词的数
2022
2022·新课标I卷
ppulatins(ppulatin)
名词的数
2022·新课标II卷
sn’s(sn)
名词的所有格
2022·全国乙卷
respnsibility (respnsible)
名词的功能和构成
2022·全国甲卷
prtectin(prtect)
名词的功能和构成
2022·年浙江6月
phtgrapher (phtgraph);
independence (independent)
名词的功能和构成
2022·年浙江1月
invitatin (invite)
名词的功能和构成
情况
方法
例词
一般情况
加-s
students,teachers,dc trs,tables
以s,x,ch,sh结尾
加-es(如果词尾-ch发音为/k/,要+s, 如stmachs)
glasses,dishes,bxes,watches
以辅音字母+y结尾
变y为i再加-es
families,babies,armies,bdies
以元音字母+y结尾
加-s
bys,tys,pians,phts
以f或fe结尾
大都变f或fe为v,再加-es
thieves,wives,knives,shelves,lives
少数加-s
beliefs,prfs,rfs,chiefs
以结尾
通常加-s
radis,vides,zs,tbaccs
有的加-es
heres,ptates,tmates
单词
抽象名词意义
具体化名词意义
success
成功
成功的人或事
pleasure
乐趣
令人高兴的事
beauty
美;美丽
美丽的人或事物
cmfrt
安慰;慰藉
令人感到安慰的人或事物
danger
危险
危险的人或因素
delight
高兴
令人高兴的事
failure
失败
失败的人或事物
surprise
惊奇
令人惊奇的事情
shck
震惊
令人震惊的事情
pride
骄傲
令人骄傲的事情
1---12
13---19
20一90
百、千、百万、十亿
1→ne
2→tw
3→three
4→fur
5.five
6→six
7→seven
8→eight
9→nine
10→ten
11→eleven
12→twelve
13→thirteen
14→furteen
15→fifteen
16→sixteen
17→seventeen
18→eighteen
19→nineteen
20→twenty
30→thirty
40→frty
50→fifty
60→sixty
70→seventy
80→eighty
90→ninety
100→a hundred
1,000→a thusand
1,000,000→a millin
1,000,000,000→
a billin(美)
a thusand millin(英)
范围
特点
实例
特殊情况
1--19
基数词词尾加th
furth,
sixth,
seventh
第二和第三的序数词分别是first,secnd和third; eight在变为eighth时少了一个字母t;nine在变为ninth时去掉了一个字母“e”; 以“ve”结尾的基数词变序数词时,须将“ve”改为“f”,然后再加“th”。five→fifth,twelve→twelfth
20,30, -- 90
各十位数字变y为i后加th
twenty→twentieth,
thirty→thirtieth
sixty-nine→sixty-ninth
21-29
31—39
91-99
只须变个位的基数词为序数词
twenty-→twenty-secnd
frty-fur→frty-furth
sixty-nine→sixty-ninth
1---12
13---19
20一90
百、千、百万、十亿
1→ne
2→tw
3→three
4→fur
5.five
6→six
7→seven
8→eight
9→nine
10→ten
11→eleven
12→twelve
13→thirteen
14→furteen
15→fifteen
16→sixteen
17→seventeen
18→eighteen
19→nineteen
20→twenty
30→thirty
40→frty
50→fifty
60→sixty
70→seventy
80→eighy
90→niney
100→a hundred
1,000→a thusand
1,000,000→a millin
1,000,000,000→
a billin(美)
a thusand millin(英)
范围
特点
实例
特殊情况
1--19
基数词词尾加th
furth,
sixth,
seventh
第二和第三的序数词分别是first,secnd和third; eight在变为eighth时少了一个字母t;nine在变为ninth时去掉了一个字母“e”; 以“ve”结尾的基数词变序数词时,须将“ve”改为“f”,然后再加“th”。five→fifth,twelve→twelfth
20,30, -- 90
各十位数字变y为i后加th
twenty→twentieth,
thirty→thirtieth
sixty-nine→sixty-ninth
21-29
31—39
91-99
只须变个位的基数词为序数词
twenty→twenty-secnd
frty-fur→frty-furth
sixty-nine→sixty-ninth
示例
英语表示法
2001.6.30
June 30,2001 || 30 June,2001 || 30th June, 2001
7:25
seven twenty-five || twenty-five past even
12:54
twelve fifty-fur || six t thirteen
9:15
nine fifteen || a quarter past nine
2:30
tw thirty || half past tw
21:50
twenty-ne fifty || ten t twenty-tw || 9:50p.m.
第21
twenty-first
第123
ne hundred and twenty-third
a half
tw and tw-fifths
20%
20 per cent || 20 percent
第七路公共汽车
Bus Number Seven
第201房间
Rm 201
人民路153号
153 Renmin Rad
4+8 =12
Fur plus eight is/equals twelve.
11-7=4
Eleven minus seven is/equals fur.
6×5=30
Six times five is/equals thirty.
20÷5=4
Ttwenty divided by five is fur.
A>B
A is mre than B.
A<B
A is less than B.
A≈B
A is apprximately equals t B.
A≠B
A is nt equal t B.
含义
英语表达
例句
大于某数
mre than
He has lived here fr mre than 20 years.
ver
she is ver 50.
r mre
There're 30 peple r mre in the meeting-rm.
小于某数
less than
I have less than (nt mre than )50 dllars.
under
Children under 7 are nt allwed t enter.
belw
He wuld nt sell it fr belw 150 dllars.
r less
The cat might cst him 60 dllars r less.
大约(某数)
nearly
She is nearly 50 nw.
almst
Its almst 3 'clck.
up t
Up t ten men can sleep in this tent.
r
He spent 4 r 5 days writing the article.
r s
The distance is 20 miles r s.
abut
I visited that village abut 3 years ag.
sme
Their team has sme 4 r 5 players.
被修饰名词的数
英语表达
汉译
修饰可数名词
dzens f
几十、许多
scres f
许多
many, a gd(great) many, many a (+可数单数)
许多、大量
hundreds f
数以百计
thusands f ,thusands upn thusands f
成千上万
millins f
数百万
billins f
数十亿
修饰不可数名词
much , a great (gd)deal f ,
a large amunt f , large amunts f
许多、大量
修饰可数/不可数名词
a lt f /lts f ,plenty f,
a large quantity f , large quantities f
许多、大量
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