2023届广东省揭阳市四校联考高三下学期二模英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2023届广东省揭阳市四校联考高三下学期二模英语试题（解析版），共20页。试卷主要包含了 选择题的作答， 非选择题的作答等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本试题卷共8页。全卷满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3. 非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4. 考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Best Way t Nap
A study published in the jurnal Heart fund a link between healthy napping (打盹) and a lwered risk f heart disease. The American Psychlgical Assciatin pints ut that naps can imprve memry,learning capacity and md. Sara Med nick,PhD,a neurscience at the University f Califrnia explains that when yu fall asleep, yur bdy mves thrugh stages that each play a rle in health. Ideal napping times are based arund this fur-stage cycle.
Nt a regular napper? That’s OK. “Everyne needs t rest, but nt everyne necessarily needs t nap,” says Med nick.
1. During which phase may yu have a dream?
A. Stage1.B. Stage2.C. Stage3.D. Stage 4.
2. Hw lng may the first 3 stages last?
A. A quarter.B. One hur.C. Half an hur.D. One and a half hurs.
3. Which sectin is the text prbably taken frm in a newspaper?
A. NewsB. Educatin.C. Lifestyle.D. Health.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在Heart上发表的一个关于午睡的研究报告，报告称午睡主要分为四个阶段，每个阶段的时长、功能和特征都不一样。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Stage4中的“REM(rapid eye mvement)sleep, when brain activity increases and yu’re mst likely t dream （REM(快速眼动)睡眠，大脑活动增加，你最有可能做梦）”可知，在第四阶段你很可能会做梦。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The 60-minute nap中“Mst peple start t mve ut f Stage 3 after arund 60 minutes（大多数人在大约60分钟后开始走出第三阶段）”可知，一般60分钟左右就会离开第三阶段，说明第三阶段持续一个小时。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。第一段提到“A study published in the jurnal Heart fund a link between healthy napping (打盹) and a lwered risk f heart disease. The American Psychlgical Assciatin pints ut that naps can imprve memry, learning capacity and md. （发表在《心脏》杂志上的一项研究发现，健康的午睡与降低心脏病风险之间存在联系。美国心理协会指出，小睡可以改善记忆力、学习能力和情绪。）”健康的午睡能降低心脏病的风险，并且可以改善记忆力、学习能力和情绪，这些都是与健康有关的。同时，后文提到关于午睡的四个阶段及其好处，由此判断，这篇文章应属于健康范畴，应该是选自健康专栏。故选D。
B
On a Friday evening in December, tw weeks befre Christmas, I lst my jb. I hadn’t seen it cming. I was excited fr the weekend, when my daughter, Kristil, then 12, and I planned t get ur Christmas tree. Then I listened t my vicemail: “We’re srry but yur wrk assignment has ended as f tday.”My heart sank. I wasn’t just a single mther; I was the nly parent. My paycheck was survival.
Over the next week, as my bank accunt grew smaller, I crazily applied fr jbs, but I was defeated.
It had been snwing n and ff all mrning. I nticed a wman with shrt white hair struggling t pen her car dr against the wind. As she gt ut, I realized it was my ld prfessr, Mrs. Heffernan. I hadn’t seen her since we’d met fr lunch three mnths ag.
I’d first met Mrs. Heffernan 10 years earlier when I was her student at Edge wd Cllege. Kristil was 3 at the time, and I smetimes tk her t class. Mrs. Heffernan was understanding and wuld bring clring bks t ccupy Kristil.
Even after I graduated, Mrs. Heffernan kept in tuch. I had grwn t lve her like family.
I rushed t the frnt f my building. “What are yu ding ut in this weather?” I asked as we hugged.
“Well, I tried t call last week but culdn’t get thrugh. Then I called yur jb and they said yu weren’t wrking there anymre, s I thught I wuld cme by,” she said. “I have gifts fr yu and Kristil. ”
I made her a cup f tea and we talked. Just being in Mrs. Heffernan’s presence gave me hpe that things wuld be all right.
As she gt up t leave she handed me a Christmas card and kissed me n the cheek. I walked her t her car and waved as she pulled away.
When I pened her card I was in shck. Hundred dllar bills fell nt the table. Tears f gratitude filled my eyes as I cunted. Mrs. Heffernan had given me $1,000.
4. What can we learn abut the authr frm the first paragraph?
A. She was divrcing her husband.
B. She was fired unexpectedly.
C. She sent an e-mail.
D. She culdn’t affrd a Christmas tree.
5. What was Heffernan’s real purpse f visiting the authr?
A. T have a talk with her.
B. T wish her a merry Christmas.
C. T ffer her sme financial help.
D. T give her daughter clring bks.
6. What rle might Mrs. Heffernan play in the authr’s life after graduatin?
A A life advisr.B. A respectable friend.
C. A helpful cnsultant.D. A prfessinal expert.
7. Which wrds can best describe Mrs. Heffernan?
A. Friendly and cnfident.B. Wealthy and ptimistic.
C. Warm-hearted and brave.D. Kind-hearted and generus.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作为单亲妈妈的作者失去工作后失去了经济来源，昔日的老师借送圣诞贺卡的机会给予经济上的帮助。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“I lst my jb. I hadn’t seen it cming.(我丢了工作。我没料到会这样)”可知，从第一段我们可以了解到，作者被辞退是意料之外的。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“When I pened her card I was in shck. Hundred dllar bills fell nt the table.(当我打开她的卡片时，我惊呆了。百元大钞掉在桌子上)”可知，赫弗南拜访作者的真正目的是给她一些经济上的帮助。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“I hadn’t seen her since we’d met fr lunch three mnths ag.(自从我们三个月前共进午餐后，我就没见过她)”以及第五段“Even after I graduated, Ms.Heffernan kept in tuch.I had grwn t lve her like family.(甚至在我毕业后，赫弗南女士还和我保持联系。我已经像爱家人一样爱她了)”可知，作者和赫弗南一直保持联系且关系亲如家人，赫弗南知其有难，主动帮助。由此可推知，赫弗南在作者毕业后的生活中扮演的角色是一个可敬的朋友。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。分析全文内容可知，赫弗南女士主动借送圣诞贺卡的机会给予作者经济上的帮助，且出手大方，所以可以用“善良”和“大方”这两个词来形容赫弗南女士。故选D项。
C
The 2022 FIFA Wrld Cup kicked ff, with mre than 30 teams participating. In the turnament’s 92-year histry, nly eight cuntries have wn: Brazil, Italy, France, Germany, Argentina, Spain, Uruguay and England.
It was the first time that the Cup had been held in the Middle East. Summer temperatures in Qatar regularly tp 100 degrees, s fr the safety f bth athletes and audience, rganizers pushed the mnth-lng cntest ut t late Nvember, when the weather is milder.
Uruguay was the first hst and winner f the Wrld Cup back in 1930. The final match played ut in frnt f 60,000 audiences. N Wrld Cup was held between 1938 and 1950 due t Wrld War Ⅱ. The 1950 turnament in Brazil featured separate East and West German teams. It wasn’t until the 1994 Wrld Cup that Germany tk part as a unified team. West Germany wn in 1954.
That 1950 Cup was als the first t feature England, despite sccer being an English inventin. That year, Team USA beat England 1-0, thugh sme British newspapers reprted the result as USA 1, England 10, as editrs believed the real scre had a typ. Bth sides believed it wuld be an easy win fr England, and duble-digit (两位数) gals were expected. This match is cnsidered by many as ne f the greatest upsets in Wrld Cup histry.
The first wmen’s Wrld Cup started many decades after the men’s, in 1991. That first ne was held in China. Our team is s dminant that we have wn half f all the Wrld Cups t date. The wmen play every fur years, just like the men, but nt n the same schedule. The next wmen’s Wrld Cup will be held in 2023 in Australia and New Zealand.
8. Why was the 2022 Wrld Cup put ff t winter?
A. T satisfy audience.
B. T be a special match.
C. T avid high temperatures.
D. T meet the requirements f the players.
9. Hw is the text mainly rganized?
A. In time rder.B. In space rder.
C. By explanatin.D. By cmparisn.
10. What des the underlined wrd “typ” mean in paragraph 4?
A. A typing errr.B. A spelling errr.
C. A prgram errr.D. A mathematical errr.
11. What can we learn abut the wmen’s Wrld Cup frm the last paragraph?
A. China wn the first wmen’s Wrld Cup.
B. China has hsted 50% f the wmen’s Wrld Cups.
C. It is arranged n a different timetable frm the men’s.
D. It is held in the same cuntry as the men’s every fur years.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章以2022年卡塔尔世界杯引入主题，以时间为顺序介绍了世界杯的历史以及相关知识。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Summer temperatures in Qatar regularly tp 100 degrees, s fr the safety f bth athletes and audience, rganizers pushed the mnth-lng cntest ut t late Nvember, when the weather is milder.”（卡塔尔的夏季气温经常超过100度，因此为了运动员和观众的安全，组织者将为期一个月的比赛推迟到11月下旬，届时天气较为温和）可知，2022年世界杯被推迟到冬天是为了避免高温。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据三段“Uruguay was the first hst and winner f the Wrld Cup back in 1930. The final match played ut in frnt f 60,000 audiences. N Wrld Cup was held between 1938 and 1950 due t Wrld War Ⅱ. The 1950 turnament in Brazil featured separate East and West German teams. It wasn’t until the 1994 Wrld Cup that Germany tk part as a unified team. West Germany wn in 1954.”（乌拉圭是1930年世界杯的第一个东道主和冠军。决赛在60000名观众面前进行。由于第二次世界大战，1938年至1950年间没有举办过世界杯。1950年在巴西举行的锦标赛由东德队和西德队组成。直到1994年世界杯，德国队才作为一支统一的队伍参加比赛。西德在1954年获胜）和第四段的“That 1950 Cup was als the first t feature England, despite sccer being an English inventin. (尽管足球是英国人的发明，但1950年的世界杯也是第一次以英格兰为特色)”推知，文章采用时间顺序来介绍世界杯的历史。故选A。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段“Team USA beat England 1-0, hugh sme British newspapers reprted the result as USA1, England 10”（美国队以1-0击败英格兰队，尽管一些英国报纸报道结果为美国队1胜，英格兰队10胜）可知，那一年英格兰以0-1输给了美国，但是英国报纸报道成为10-1，他们认为是出现了打印错误。即划线词意为“打印错误”。故选A。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The wmen play every fur years, just like the men, but nt n the same schedule.”（女足每四年比赛一次，和男足们一样，但时间安排不一样）可知，女子世界杯虽然也是每4年一次，但是时间安排不一样。故选C。
D
Aussie Ark is an animal preservatin prject based near the Barringtn Tps f New Suth Wales, Australia. Originally knwn as Devil Ark, its riginal gal was t nly breed (培育) and preserve Tasmanian devils (袋獾).
Abut the size f a big dmestic cat, the Tasmanian devil is the wrld’s largest living marsupial carnivre (有袋食肉动物). Its bigger cusin, the Tasmanian tiger, died ut in 1936. Devil numbers were stable until 1996, when a strange disease suddenly began destrying devil ppulatins acrss Tasmania. Devil facial tumur disease (DFTD), within a few mnths, is an infectius cancer spread by bites during fights ver fd and mates. There’s still n cure despite a quarter-century f dedicated research, and devils have suffered an 80-90 per cent decline. A secnd type f DFTD, just as deadly, was identified in 2014.
After the devil was declared endangered in 2008, increased effrt went int establishing islated DFTD-free insurance ppulatins. Tasmania’s ffshre Maria Island supprts a small intrduced grup f healthy devils, and the Frestier-Tasman Peninsula has the nly disease-free ppulatin in its native range, but Aussie Ark has mre devils than bth the abve tw and is the biggest and wildest mainland breeding facility. As an innvative and wildly successful cnservatin prject, Aussie Ark has spent the last decade creating a healthy mainland ppulatin f the endangered Tasmanian devils, mainly by letting them act naturally in a large-scale bush shelter. A big part f its success is the suitability f its landscape. The Ark’s cl-climate, high-altitude(1,300m)snw-gum frest has prved very devil-friendly. Launched in 201l with 44 DFTD-free devils, Aussie Ark has bred mre than 350 devil babies nw, a recrd utside Tasmania, and hlds ver half the devils in mainland Australia.
12 What is the purpse f paragraph 2?
A. T intrduce the disease DFTD.
B. T predict the extinctin f devils.
C. T stress the imprtance f wildlife prtectin.
D. T explain the reasn fr devils being endangered.
13. Hw will a devil get DFTD?
A. If it lives in grups.
B. If it fights with its mates.
C. If it is bitten by an infected ne.
D. If it shares fd with ther devils.
14. What’s the main reasn fr Aussie Ark’s success?
A. It cvers the largest area.
B. It lasts a lng perid f time.
C. It has disease-free devil babies.
D. It prvides massive natural habitats.
15. Which may be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Devils Reappear in Mainland
B. A Successful Prject fr Devils
C. Devils Are in Danger
D. The Secret f Aussie Ark
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了袋獾受到DFTD这种传染性疾病的威胁，数量骤减。成为濒危物种之后很多公益机构都做出努力去挽救，其中Aussie Ark这个项目做得最有成效。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Devil numbers were stable until 1996, when a strange disease suddenly began destrying devil ppulatins acrss Tasmania. Devil facial tumur disease (DFTD), within a few mnths, is an infectius cancer spread by bites during fights ver fd and mates. There’s still n cure despite a quarter-century f dedicated research, and devils have suffered an 80-90 per cent decline. (直到1996年，一种奇怪的疾病突然开始摧毁塔斯马尼亚州的袋獾种群，袋獾的数量才稳定下来。DFTD是一种传染性癌症，在几个月内通过争夺食物和交配时的咬伤传播。尽管进行了四分之一个世纪的专门研究，但仍然没有治愈的方法，袋獾的数量已经下降了80% - 90%)”可知，本段主要介绍了DFTD这种疾病使得袋獾数量骤减。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Devil facial tumur disease (DFTD), within a few mnths, is an infectius cancer spread by bites during fights ver fd and mates. (DFTD是一种传染性癌症，在几个月内通过争夺食物和交配时的咬伤传播)”可知，病毒通过咬伤传播。因此如果一只袋獾被咬伤，会感染上DFTD。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“As an innvative and wildly successful cnservatin prject, Aussie Ark has spent the last decade creating a healthy mainland ppulatin f the endangered Tasmanian devils, mainly by letting them act naturally in a large-scale bush shelter. (作为一个创新的、非常成功的保护项目，在过去十年里，Aussie Ark一直在创造一个健康的濒危塔斯马尼亚魔鬼大陆种群，主要是让它们在大型丛林庇护所中自然活动)”可知，Aussie Ark的成功主要源于让袋獾在大范围的矮灌木丛林自然地活动。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，可知这篇文章主要介绍了Aussie Ark为挽救濒危的袋獾做出了很多努力，并取得了不错的成效。B选项“一个成功挽救袋獾的项目”符合本文主旨，故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fr hundreds f years, pssibly much lnger, ht pt has always been ne f China’s mst ppular fds. It is s ppular that peple jke any prblem can be slved ver ht pt. With a ht pt, yu can put in any ingredient (食材) that yu like. The same pt can serve meals t all the peple sitting arund the table. N ne is left ut, and everyne gets t eat as much r as little as they want. ___16___The fire frm a ht pt can melt just abut any icy disagreement and warm just abut any heart.
Perhaps the mst ppular kind f ht pt is Sichuan ht pt, with its spicy red peppers. What makes Sichuan ht pt different frm ther ht pts is the use f huajia. ___17___It als has the strange effect f making the red peppers taste even htter.
___18___Beijing ht pt uses lamb and many f the same ingredients as Sichuan ht pt, but has a lighter taste. The Nrtheast Chinese ht pt usually cntains prk and pickled cabbage, while Guangdng ht pt uses a chicken r a fish brth (汤底). ___19___.
In every city and twn in China, there are ht pt restaurants crwded with peple eating, talking and laughing. ___20___Yu can chse yur wn favrite ingredients.
Even in the West, yu can easily make it. First, buy a Chinese ht pt brth mix frm an Asian market. And yu need a large pt. Mre imprtantly, yu need t have sme friends t share yur fd with.
A. This spice is muth-numbing.
B. And it is easy t ck ht pt in yur wn huse.
C. Many Chinese dn’t agree n what fd is the best.
D. Sichuan fd is famus fr its red peppers and huajia.
E. Nearly as famus as Sichuan ht pt is Beijing ht pt.
F. It is knwn fr its wide range f ingredients, including seafd.
G. This shws the Chinese cultural values f penness and sharing.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. E 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国的传统美食——火锅。
【16题详解】
上文“N ne is left ut, and everyne gets t eat as much r as little as they want.(没有人会被遗漏，每个人都可以随心所欲地多吃或少吃。)”提到了吃火锅时每个人都可以选择吃多少，G项中的This是关键词，可代替前文，所以G选项“这展现了中国开放和分享的文化价值观”承接上文，符合题意。故选G项。
【17题详解】
上文“What makes Sichuan ht pt different frm ther ht pts is the use f huajia.(四川火锅与其他火锅的不同之处在于花椒的使用。)”提到了花椒的使用，A项中的This spice是关键词指的就是前文的花椒，所以A选项“这种香料使人嘴巴发麻。”符合题意，且与后文的“It als has the strange effect f making the red peppers taste even htter.(它还有一种奇怪的效果，让红辣椒吃起来更辣。)”形成并列关系。故选A项。
【18题详解】
下文“Beijing ht pt uses lamb and many f the same ingredients as Sichuan ht pt, but has a lighter taste.(北京火锅使用羊肉和许多与四川火锅相同的食材，但味道更淡。)”提到了北京火锅，E选项中Beijing ht pt是关键词与下文呼应，所以E选项“几乎和四川火锅一样有名的是北京火锅。”能引起下文，符合题意。故选E项。
【19题详解】
上文“The Nrtheast Chinese ht pt usually cntains prk and pickled cabbage, while Guangdng ht pt uses a chicken r a fish brth (汤底). (东北火锅通常含有猪肉和酸菜，而广东火锅则用鸡汤或鱼汤)”提到了广东火锅用鸡或鱼做汤底，该段讲食材，F项中的It是关键词指代广东火锅，符合逻辑，所以F项“它以包括海鲜在内的各种食材而闻名。”承接上文，符合题意。故选F项。
【20题详解】
下文“Yu can chse yur wn favrite ingredients.(你可以选择自己喜欢的食材。)”提到了选择自己喜欢的食材，B项中in yur wn huse是关键词，与下文yur wn favrite ingredients呼应，所以B选项“而且在自己家里煮火锅也很容易。”能引起下文，符合逻辑。故选B项。
第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Befre she passed away frm cancer, A. J. Walters made her husband, Sean and her daughter, Brittany prmise her ne thing: Sean wuld___21___Brittany t the hmecming game, where Brittany was in the running fr hmecming queen. It was___22___t her that her daughter g. Brittany and Sean ___23___.
Days later, A. J. died. ___24___their prmise, an emtinal Brittany___25___arm in arm with her father acrss the ftball field with the ther nminees (提名者) t wait fr the___26___f the vting.
Brittany wasn’t___27___hmecming queen that day; anther girl, Nyla was. But, like many in the clse-knit cmmunity, Nyla had___28___the Walters. In an unplanned gesture, mments after ___29___the crwn (王冠), Nyla walked ver t Brittany, remved the crwn frm her head, and ___30___it atp her friend’s. The tw hugged each ther___31___.
“She’d rather have her mm than a crwn,” Nyla tld CNN. “I was telling her that she was her mm’s___32___, and that she was lved by many, especially me.”
“I felt s much lve frm her, and I just felt s much lve fr her,” said Brittany. “I can ___33___ my mm thrugh Nyla. They have the same___34___, giving spirit.”
There’s a saying that real queens fix each ther’s crwns. But the___35___is that real queens give up their crwns t let ther queens shine.
21. A. inspireB. leadC. accmpanyD. remind
22. A. imprtantB. unnecessaryC. difficultD. strange
23. A. huggedB. registeredC. hesitatedD. agreed
24. A. ShwingB. BreakingC. KeepingD. Making
25. A. ranB. walkedC. stdD. wandered
26. A. utcmeB. excitementC. mmentD. fact
27. A. passedB. prmisedC. allwedD. named
28. A. attended tB. cared frC. thught fD. heard abut
29. A. sharingB. hldingC. receivingD. putting
30. A. changedB. placedC. gaveD. gt
31. A. eagerlyB. tearfullyC. patientlyD. srrwfully
32. A. queenB. daughterC. girlD. winner
33 A. seeB. admireC. frgiveD. trust
34. A. amazingB. satisfyingC. interestingD. caring
35. A. valueB. dutyC. truthD. belief
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Sean为完成妻子的遗愿陪同女儿Brittany去参加返校节比赛，虽然女儿没有获奖，但获奖的女孩Nyla了解Brittany的情况，把皇冠戴在Brittany头上，帮她完成了当“女王”的心愿。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sean会陪Brittany去参加返校节比赛，Brittany在比赛中被选为返校节女王。A. inspire激励、激发；B. lead领导、带领；C. accmpany陪伴；D. remind提醒。根据第二段“ 4 their prmise, an emtinal Brittany 5 arm in arm with her father acrss the ftball field with the ther nminees (提名者) t wait fr the 6 f the vting.”（Brittany……他们的承诺，激动地和父亲手挽着手走过足球场，与其他被提名者一起等待投票结果。）中的“arm in arm with her father ”可知，Sean是陪同女儿一起参加比赛的。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：女儿去参加对她来说很重要。A. imprtant重要的；B. unnecessary不必要的；C. difficult困难的；D. strange奇怪的、陌生的。根据第一段“Befre she passed away frm cancer, A. J. Walters made her husband, Sean and her daughter, Brittany prmise her ne thing:”（在A.J Walters因癌症去世之前，她让丈夫Sean和女儿Brittany向她承诺一件事：）可知，女儿参加比赛是Walters夫人临终前的遗愿，可见是非常重要的。故选A。
23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Brittany和Sean都同意了。A. hugged拥抱；B. registered登记、注册；C. hesitated犹豫；D. agreed同意。根据第二段“ 4 their prmise, an emtinal Brittany 5 arm in arm with her father acrss the ftball field with the ther nminees(提名者)t wait fr the 6 f the vting.”（Brittany……他们的承诺，激动地和父亲手挽着手走过足球场，与其他被提名者一起等待投票结果。）可知，父亲和女儿最终手挽手一起走过足球场，等待投票结果，说明父亲陪女儿参加了比赛，答应了母亲临终前的要求。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Brittany履行了他们的承诺，激动地和父亲手挽着手走过足球场，与其他被提名者一起等待投票结果。A. Shwing展示、显示；B. Breaking打破；C. Keeping保持；D. Making制定、制造。根据第一段“Brittany and Sean agreed.”（Brittany和Sean都同意了。）和本句中“arm in arm with her father acrss the ftball field with the ther nminees”可知，父女二人答应了母亲临终前的要求，作出了承诺，Brittany在父亲的陪伴下参加了比赛，履行了诺言，keep ne’s prmise履行诺言。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Brittany履行了他们的承诺，激动地和父亲手挽着手走过足球场，与其他被提名者一起等待投票结果。A. ran跑；B. walked走、步行；C. std站；D. wandered漫步、闲逛。根据句中“arm in arm with her father acrss the ftball field”可知，Brittany是和父亲挽着胳膊的，要去等待投票结果，所以应该是一起走过足球场的。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Brittany履行了他们的承诺，激动地和父亲手挽着手走过足球场，与其他被提名者一起等待投票结果。A. utcme结果；B. excitement激动、兴奋；C. mment时刻；D. fact事实。根据第三段“Brittany wasn’t 7 hmecming queen that day; anther girl, Nyla was.”（Brittany那天没有……返校节女王；另一个女孩Nyla当选。）可知，最终的投票结果是Brittany未能当选，所以她和父亲及其他提名者是去等待投票结果的。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Brittany那天没有被任命为返校节女王；另一个女孩Nyla当选。A. passed通过；B. prmised承诺、保证；C. allwed允许；D. named命名、任命。根据句中“anther girl, Nyla was.”和下文的“In an unplanned gesture, mments after 9 the crwn (王冠), Nyla walked ver t Brittany, remved the crwn frm her head, and 10 it atp her friend’s.”（在……皇冠后不久，Nyla出乎意料地走到Britanny面前，摘下了自己头上的皇冠，……她朋友的头上。）可知，最终是Nyla得到了皇冠，被任命为女王，故Brittany那天没有被任命为女王。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是，和这个关系密切的社区里的许多人一样，Nyla听说过Walters一家。A. attended t照料、处理；B. cared fr照顾、喜欢；C. thught f想起；D. heard abut听说。根据句中“like many in the clse-knit cmmunity”可知，这个社区里的许多人都关系密切，彼此有所了解；结合下文中““She’d rather have her mm than a crwn,” Nyla tld CNN. “I was telling her that she was her mm’s 12 , and that she was lved by many, especially me. ””（“比起王冠，她更想要妈妈，”Nyla告诉CNN，我告诉她，她是她妈妈的……，很多人都爱她，尤其是我。）可知，Nyla对Brittany一家人是听说过的，有一定的了解。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在得到王冠后不久，Nyla出乎意料地走到Britanny面前，摘下了自己头上的王冠，戴在了她朋友的头上。A. sharing分享；B. hlding抓住、持有；C. receiving收到、得到；D. putting放置。根据第7小题“Brittany wasn’t named hmecming queen that day; anther girl, Nyla was. ”可知，Nyla最终当选为女王；结合句中“remved the crwn frm her head”可知，她得到了王冠。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在得到王冠后不久，Nyla出乎意料地走到Britanny面前，摘下了自己头上的王冠，戴在了她朋友的头上。A. changed改变；B. placed放置；C. gave给；D. gt得到。根据句中“Nyla walked ver t Brittany, remved the crwn frm her head”可知，Nyla摘掉了头上的王冠，结合“atp her friends”可知，应该是将王冠放到了朋友的头上。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：两人含泪相拥。A. eagerly渴望地；B. tearfully含泪地；C. patiently有耐心地；D. srrwfully悲伤地。根据前文中的“Nyla walked ver t Brittany, remved the crwn frm her head, and placed it atp her friend’s.”可知，Nyla将自己的王冠戴到了Brittany的头上，而Brittany也因Nyla的举动而感动，因此二人会含泪相拥。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她，她是她妈妈的女王，很多人都爱她，尤其是我。A. queen女王；B. daughter女儿；C. girl女孩；D. winner获胜者。分析全文可知，“queen”是全文的关键词，文章围绕该词展开；从第一段“Sean wuld accmpany Brittany t the hmecming game, where Brittany was in the running fr hmecming queen. ”（Sean会陪Brittany去参加返校节比赛，Brittany在比赛中被选为返校节女王。）Brittany的妈妈希望她能够成为返校节女王，但她落选了，到后来的“Nyla walked ver t Brittany, remved the crwn frm her head, and placed it atp her friend’s.”Nyla将得到的王冠戴到了Brittany的头上，可推知，Nyla当时是告诉她她是妈妈的女王，值得佩戴这个王冠，符合语境。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可以通过Nyla看到我妈妈。A. see看到；B. admire钦佩、仰慕；C. frgive原谅；D. trust信任。根据前文“I felt s much lve frm her, and I just felt s much lve fr her,”（我从她身上感受到了那么多的爱，我对她有那么多的爱，）和下文的“They have the same caring, giving spirit. ”（她们有同样的关怀和奉献精神。）可知，Brittany感到Nyla和母亲有许多相似之处，所以她通过Nyla可以看到自己的母亲。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她们有同样的关爱和奉献精神。A. amazing令人惊叹的；B. satisfying令人满意的；C. interesting有趣的；D. caring关心他人的、关爱的。根据Nyla将王冠给她戴上的行为和前文“I felt s much lve frm her, and I just felt s much lve fr her,”（我从她身上感受到了那么多的爱，我对她有那么多的爱。）可知，Nyla是一个关心他人的、乐于奉献的人，有着关爱和奉献精神。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但事实是，真正的女王会放弃自己的王冠，让其他女王发光。A. value价值；B. duty责任；C. truth事实、实情；D. belief信任、信仰。根据前文“There’s a saying that real queens fix each ther’s crwns.”（俗话说真正的女王会给对方修王冠。）和本句中的转折词“But”，并结合句意可知，事实应该是：真正的女王会放弃自己的王冠，让其他女王发光。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mre than 10,000 years ag, peple in Mexic and Central America gathered and ate the fruit f wild avcad (牛油果) trees and___36___didn’t take lng befre they started t plant this high-fat, tasty fd.
The name “avcad”___37___(be) frm an Aztec wrd ahuacatl, which refers t the shape f the fruit. The earliest evidence f human___38___(cnsume) f avcads is the seeds, r stnes, fund in Cxcatlan Cave in the Tehuacan Valley, Mexic,___39___have dated back t arund 8,000 BCE. The high il cntent f the avcad’s green flesh wuld have made the fruit a valuable additin___40___the prehistric diet.
Dmesticatin f the avcad sn fllwed, with the trees___41___(plant) in Mexic and Central America. By the time the explrer Christpher Clumbus___42___(reach) Suth America in 1492, avcads were being cnsumed as far suth as Peru. Tday, Mexic is the wrld’s leading avcad prducer, and the fruit is als___43___imprtant crp in the US state f Califrnia, the Dminican Republic, and Indnesia.
With an amazing flavur, buttery flesh, and high nutrient cntent, the avcad has enjyed a recent rise in ppularity, and peple cntinue t find innvative ways___44___(enjy) it. It is perhaps mst famus as the main ingredient f salad, but in Latin America avcads are still____45____(wide) used t garnish (搭配) chicken and ptat sup.
【答案】36. it 37. is
38. cnsumptin
39. which 40. t
41. planted
42. reached
43. an 44. t enjy
45. widely
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了牛油果。
【36题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：一万多年前，墨西哥和中美洲的人们采集并食用野牛油果，没过多久，他们就开始种植这种高脂肪、美味的食物。it didn’t take lng befre...意为“没过多久就……”，符合句意。故填it。
【37题详解】
考查一般现在时，主谓一致。句意：“牛油果”这个名字来自阿兹特克语ahuacatl，指的是这种水果的形状。句子的主语为“The name”，因此需要用单数，此处为陈述事实，且根据后文定语从句的谓语“refers”可知，该句时态为一般现在时因此用一般现在时。故填is。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：最早的人类食用牛油果的证据是在墨西哥特瓦坎山谷的科克斯卡特兰洞穴中发现的牛油果的种子或石头，可以追溯到公元前8000年左右。分析句子结构可知，此处需要填入名词，cnsume的名词为cnsumptin；构成f所有格；此处表示“消耗”为不可数名词。故填cnsumptin。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：最早的人类食用牛油果的证据是在墨西哥特瓦坎山谷的科克斯卡特兰洞穴中发现的牛油果的种子或石头，可以追溯到公元前8000年左右。分析句子结构可知，空格及其后面为非限制性定语从句修饰the seeds；先行词为名词。故填which。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：牛油果的果肉的高含油量将使这种水果成为史前饮食的宝贵补充。a valuable additin t意为“对……是一个有价值的补充”。故填t。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：牛油果很快就被驯化了，种植在墨西哥和中美洲。分析句子结构可知，此处需要填入非谓语动词；trees与plant之间是逻辑上的被动关系。故填planted。
【42题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：当探险家克里斯托弗·哥伦布于1492年到达南美洲时，牛油果已经被南至秘鲁食用。此处的时间状语为1492，过去的时间，因此需要使用一般故去时。故填reached。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：如今，墨西哥是世界上最大的牛油果生产国，这种水果也是美国加利福尼亚州、多米尼加共和国和印度尼西亚的重要作物。分析句子结构可知，此处位于单数可数名词前，因此需要填入冠词；imprtant以元音音素开头，因此用an。故填an。
【44题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：牛油果有着令人惊叹的味道、黄油般的果肉和高营养含量，最近越来越受欢迎，人们继续寻找创新的方式来享受它。分析句子结构可知，此处需要填入非谓语动词，本句中表示目的，因此需要填入动词不定式，表示目的。find a way t d sth.为固定搭配。故填t enjy。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：牛油果可能是最著名的沙拉原料，但在拉丁美洲，牛油果仍然被广泛用于鸡肉和土豆汤的装饰。此处修饰动词，因此需要副词。故填widely。
第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你们学校下周准备为全体高三学生举办成人礼(cming-f-age ceremny)，请你写信邀请外教Mr. Smith观礼体验中国文化。内容包括：
1.写信的目的；
2.成人礼的基本情况介绍。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Smith,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
I am writing t invite yu t jin in the cming-f-age ceremny fr Senir 3 students. The ceremny will be held in the schl hall next Sunday mrning frm 8:00 a.m. t 11:00a.m.
Dressed in traditinal Han cstumes, students will make the bw t their teachers and parents with hands flded in frnt. They will say vws t celebrate their entering int adulthd. The ceremny is expected t make the yung peple hld an idea f scial respnsibility.
Since yu are interested in Chinese culture,I’d like yu t be present.I’m sure yu will enjy it.
Sincerely yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写信邀请外教Mr. Smith参加下周准备为全体高三学生举办成人礼(cming-f-age ceremny)，并介绍成人礼的基本情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：jin in→ take part in
庆祝：celebrate→cngratulate
仪式：ceremny→celebratin
对……感兴趣：are interested in→are keen n
2.句式拓展
同义句替换
原句：Dressed in traditinal Han cstumes, students will make the bw t their teachers and parents with hands flded in frnt.
同义句：Wearing traditinal Han clthing, students will respectfully perfrm a bw t their teachers and parents while keeping their hands flded in frnt f them.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Dressed in traditinal Han cstumes, students will make the bw t their teachers and parents with hands flded in frnt.(运用了过去分词短语Dressed in做状语)
【高分句型2】Since yu are interested in Chinese culture, I’d like yu t be present.(运用了Since引导的原因状语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was 11 p. m. when Alex saw the wman n the Main Street Bridge. She was standing by the railing (栏杆)，lking dwn at the rushing river belw. Maybe she was fishing, Alex thught. He cntinued driving t his hme a shrt distance away. His friend’s car had brken dwn, s Alex was ging hme t get sme tls befre heading ut t help. Tls in hand, he climbed int his car. Instead f taking a shrtcut, thugh, he chse t head back ver the bridge.
Smething abut that wman didn’t sit right. Why wuld she be fishing this late at night in May,when it was still cld in this city? As he crssed the bridge, Alex saw the wman standing in the same spt. He pulled a U-turn and parked his car with the hazards (警示灯) flashing, blcking ne f the fur lanes (车道). In case there was truble, he hped anther driver wuld take nte and help. He stepped ut f his car and gt a clearer picture f the scene. The wman was in her 20s, dressed in pants and a heavy cat. She was crying while saying smething. Alex didn’t knw exactly what was ging n, but he knew exactly he shuld d smething t help.
“Hey, what’s ging n?”Alex called ut while appraching. The wman didn’t answer r turn arund. Alex stepped clser and std with the wman side by side.
“What’s ging n?”he asked again. The wman kept silent fr a while befre she tld Alex, but mstly talked t herself that she was ging thrugh a particularly tugh perid. She was jbless, nt ding well in everything. In shrt, life wasn’t wrking ut as she’d hped. “Nt everything ges as planned,” agreed Alex. He started talking abut the ups and dwns he’d faced in his life.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then withut warning, the wman climbed nt the railing.
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Suddenly, bright lights appeared. It was the plice.
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【答案】Then withut warning, the wman climbed nt the railing. Alex reached fr her. He threw his arms arund her, dragging her dwn ff the railing. When Alex made her sit n the grund, the wman burst ut crying and said, “I’m nt wrth it.” Alex tk ff his jacket, cvered it n the wman’s shulders and sat silently beside her, but kept alarmed in case she wuld d smething crazy again. Every few minutes, he wuld lk at his car, expecting smething.
Suddenly, bright lights appeared. It was the plice. Smene had reprted Alex’s car fr being parked n the bridge, just as he’d hped. Alex std up and waved t the plice. But the wman seemed ttally lst in thught and paid n attentin t the plice. When the plice came clser t them, Alex tld the plice what had happened. The plice appreciated what he had dne. Sn, mre plice arrived and the wman was taken t a hspital fr bservatin. Alex sighed in relief and headed t help his friend.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Alex晚上11点回家的路上，看到一个陌生的女人站在桥上，感觉事情不太对劲，于是把车停在桥上去查看情况，和陌生女人聊天得知她的情况很糟糕，并用自己的人生遭遇去开导和安慰这位陌生的女人。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后，这位女士毫无征兆地爬上了栏杆。”可知，第一段可描写Alex及时抱住了女子，将她从桥上救下来的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“突然，明亮的灯光出现了。”可知，第二段可描写警察来了，Alex将事情经过告诉了警察，警察赞扬了Alex并把那位女子送去了医院。
2.续写线索： Alex拖住女子——将女子救下来——期待来人帮忙——警察发现——讲述经过——得到赞扬——女子被送去医院
3.词汇激活
行为类
①. 突然大哭：burst ut crying / burst int tears
②. 脱下：take ff/undress
③. 陷入沉思：seem lst in thught/ be wrapped in ne's thught
情绪类
①. 沉默地：silently / in silence
②. 松了口气，如释重负：in relief/ feel a sense f relief
【点睛】[高分句型1]. When Alex made her sit n the grund, the wman burst ut crying and said, “I’m nt wrth it. ”（由连接词when连接的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Smene had reprted Alex’s car fr being parked n the bridge, just as he’d hped.（由关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型3]. The plice appreciated what he had dne.（what连接的宾语从句）
Stage 1
the“dzing ff”(打瞌睡)perid
Stage 2
muscles,heart rate and brain activity slw dwn
Stage 3
deep, restrative sleep
Stage 4
REM(rapid eye mvement)sleep,when brain activity increases and yu’re mst likely t dream
The 20-minute nap
Between 20 and 30 minutes is ne napping sweet spt, accrding t Mednick, wh explains that yu get enugh Stage 2 sleep t switch yur bdy and mind int full relaxatin mde,aiding with memry.
The 60-minute nap
Stage 3 sleep is a time fr yur bdy t repair tissue,strengthen the immune(免疫)system and recharge energy stres. But waking up during this phase can make yu feel uncmfrtable and sleepy,Med nick says. Mst peple start t mve ut f Stage 3 after arund 60 minutes, which makes it a gd time t set yur alarm.
The 90-minute nap
A cmplete sleep cycle is abut an hur and a half, and napping fr a full cycle can have big benefits. But naps lnger than 90 minutes can disturb nighttime sleep and might even weaken memry.