山西省吕梁市2025年高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份山西省吕梁市2025年高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试题（解析版），共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Cuchsurfing (沙发客) is a service that cnnects members t a glbal cmmunity f travelers. Use cuchsurfing t find a place t stay r share yur hme and hmetwn with travelers. The fllwing is hw it wrks.
Create a prfile
Cmpletely fill ut yur cuchsurfing prfile! This will be yur hme base and is a reflectin f yu: yur lifestyle and what’s imprtant t yu. Here yu can tell peple if yu’re traveling r wuld like t hst. Be sure t include phts. Dn’t have a prfile yet? Please click Sign Up Nw.
Explre yur city
Getting in tuch with experienced cuchsurfers in yur area is the best way t get a feel fr hw cuchsurfing wrks. Just head t yur city’s Place Page and lk at the weekly events happening near yu. Click Jin, shw up and yu’re n yur way!
Surf the wrld
If yu’re ready fr an adventure, search fr the city yu plan t visit and lk fr lcals with cuches available. Lk thrugh prfiles t find peple yu might want t stay with. When yu find a few interesting ptential hsts, carefully review their prfiles and send a cuchrequest fr the dates yu’ll be there. We usually recmmend sending abut five cuchrequests.
List yur cuch
Once yu’ve explred the site and have been t an event r tw, cnsider making yur cuch, spare rm r air mattress available t travelers. Set yur cuch status (状态) under Cuch Infrmatin. Yu can set it t “Nt Right Nw” if yu want t be available as a city resurce fr travelers but are unable t hst. Yu can set it t “N” if yu’re nt available r dn’t have any extra space, r “Maybe/ Yes” t shw up in search results fr travelers wh are planning a trip t yur area.
1. What shuld yu d with yur prfile?
A. Pst it nline.B. Submit it t yur hsts.
C. Carry it t weekly events.D. Keep it at hme.
2. Hw can yu experience cuchsurfing best?
A. T find ptential cuch prviders.
B. T knw mre abut ne’s wn city.
C. T cmmunicate with ther cuchsurfers.
D. T jin a tur grup t the same destinatin.
3. What des setting yur cuch status t “Maybe/ Yes” mean?
A. Yu are planning t take a trip.B. Yur cuchrequest is cnfirmed.
C. Yu have accepted a guest traveler.D. Yu’re ready t hst travelers.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Cuchsurfing的服务流程。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Create a prfile部分“Dn’t have a prfile yet? Please click Sign Up Nw. (还没有个人资料？请点击“立即注册”。)”可知，你应该把个人资料发布到网上。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Explre yur city部分“Getting in tuch with experienced cuchsurfers in yur area is the best way t get a feel fr hw cuchsurfing wrks. (与你所在地区有经验的沙发客取得联系是了解沙发客如何工作的最好方式。)”可知，与其他沙发用户交流才能最好地体验沙发旅行。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据List yur cuch部分“Yu can set it t “N” if yu’re nt available r dn’t have any extra space, r “Maybe/ Yes” t shw up in search results fr travelers wh are planning a trip t yur area. (如果你没有时间或没有多余的空间，你可以将其设置为“否”，或者为计划到你所在地区旅行的旅行者设置为“可能/是”，以便在搜索结果中显示。)”可知，把你的沙发状态设置为“可能/是”意味着你已经准备好接待旅客了。故选D。
B
I was recently invited t head up nrth fr a preview f Dundreggan Rewilding Center, which will fully pen t the public sn. Thse wh make it alng fr the pening weekend will be able t enjy free events, including guided walks, turs f the tree nursery, strytelling sessins, plenty f fun fr kids, and activities led by naturalist Nick Baker and expert in tracks and signs, Dan Puplett.
We lked arund the new architect-designed center. The building has a number f sustainable features, including slar panels and reclaimed wd furniture in the café area. This is ne f tw new buildings, the ther f which is said t ffer accessible accmmdatin fr thse wh wish t cme fr a lnger rewilding experience.
Entering the building, the first thing that we saw was a sculpture — the wrk f lcal artist Helen Denerley. The sculpture depicts a tree with many native animals within it, made frm reclaimed metal. Frm here, we saw the ther areas — classrms, event spaces, the café and lively infrmatin panels thrughut, giving infrmatin abut rewilding, the intercnnectedness f frest ecsystems, lcal wildlife, and mre.
As ur guide s rightly pinted ut, the building is just the jumping-ff pint — the place frm which peple can branch ut t discver s much mre n a series f accessible trails and mre adventurus hikes in the surrunding landscape.
One key fcus fr this prject is definitely cmmunity, as well as rewilding. It celebrates lcal Gaelic heritage and histry as well as wildlife, wdlands, and natural wnders. Speaking briefly with tw friendly and welcming emplyees wrking in the café wh were amng the 20 lcals wh have new jbs thanks t the prject, their enthusiasm fr the new center and excitement t be invlved in getting it ff the grund shne thrugh.
4. What did the authr d at Dundreggan?
A. She tured a new building.B. She held strytelling sessins.
C. She jined a naturalist-led activity.D. She attended an pening celebratin.
5. What feature des the rewilding center highlight?
A. Wildness and adventure.B. Efficiency and attractiveness.
C. Accessibility and simplicity.D. Sustainability and instructiveness.
6. What cnclusin can we draw abut the guide?
A. He believed the prject culd inspire mre actins.
B. He was enthusiastic abut prtecting native animals.
C. He advcated mre infrmed decisins abut rewilding.
D. He shwed cncern ver develping the surrunding landscapes.
7. What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A. The prspect f the prject.
B. The significance f the prject.
C. The recent achievements f the prject.
D. The peratinal principle f the prject.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. A 7. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Dundreggan复野中心即将开放，其可持续特色、社区重点及项目意义。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“We lked arund the new architect-designed center. (我们参观了由建筑师设计的新中心)”可知，作者在Dundreggan参观了一座新建筑。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The building has a number f sustainable features, including slar panels and reclaimed wd furniture in the café area. (该建筑具有许多可持续发展的特点，包括太阳能电池板和咖啡厅区的再生木家具)”以及第三段“Frm here, we saw the ther areas — classrms, event spaces, the café and lively infrmatin panels thrughut, giving infrmatin abut rewilding, the intercnnectedness f frest ecsystems, lcal wildlife, and mre. (从这里，我们看到了其他区域——教室、活动空间、咖啡馆和充满活力的信息面板，提供了有关重新造林、森林生态系统相互联系、当地野生动物等方面的信息)”可知，复野中心既注重可持续性，也注重教育性。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“As ur guide s rightly pinted ut, the building is just the jumping-ff pint — the place frm which peple can branch ut t discver s much mre n a series f accessible trails and mre adventurus hikes in the surrunding landscape. (正如我们的导游所指出的那样，这座建筑只是一个起点——人们可以从这里出发，在一系列无障碍小径和周围景观中更冒险的徒步旅行中发现更多)”可推断出，导游认为这个项目是一个起点，能够激发人们更多的行动。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“One key fcus fr this prject is definitely cmmunity, as well as rewilding. It celebrates lcal Gaelic heritage and histry as well as wildlife, wdlands, and natural wnders. Speaking briefly with tw friendly and welcming emplyees wrking in the café wh were amng the 20 lcals wh have new jbs thanks t the prject, their enthusiasm fr the new center and excitement t be invlved in getting it ff the grund shne thrugh. (这个项目的一个关键重点肯定是社区，以及重新造林。它庆祝当地的盖尔文化遗产和历史，以及野生动物、林地和自然奇观。与在咖啡馆工作的两名友好热情的员工简短交谈，他们是20名因该项目而获得新工作的当地人之一，他们对新中心的热情和参与项目启动的兴奋之情溢于言表)”可知，最后一段主要讲述了项目的重要意义。故选B。
C
If the ther paintings in the rm that huses Mna Lisa at the Luvre Museum in Paris culd talk, they might be whispering “Gd riddance (解脱) !” t ne anther right nw. That’s wing t the French gvernment’s annuncement that the wrld’s mst famus painting is t be remved frm the Salle des Etats and rehused in its wn space in the Luvre with a dedicated entrance.
This particular space, accessible independently frm the rest f the museum, will allw Mna Lisa’s cnditins f exhibitin, presentatin and interpretatin it deserves. The mve that aims t relieve the Luvre’s vercrwding prblem isn’t just great fr Mna Lisa. It culd als allw the dzens f ther artwrks in the Salle des Etats by the likes f Titian, Tintrett and Vernese t finally receive their due.
“Peple have just been cming t check their ‘I paid a visit t Mna Lisa’s bx’ ”, said Suleymane, a prfessr f French and philsphy at Clumbia University wh was appinted by the museum in 2024 t give a series f lectures abut its art cllectin. “And even if yu g t that rm with the intentin f lking at the ther paintings, yu wuld be distracted (分散注意力) by Mna Lisa.” The ther majr paintings in the space include Titian’s Pastral Cncert, Tintrett’s The Crnatin f the Virgin, and Vernese’s The Wedding Feast at Cana, which is a huge painting that peple dn’t lk at because it’s n the wall that faces Mna Lisa.
“The Wedding Feast at Cana is ne f the treasures f the Luvre,” said Cmpagnn, a prfessr at the Cllege de France and at Clumbia University. Cmpagnn is als excited fr visitrs t be able t pay attentin t his favrite painting in the rm, Titian’s Man with a Glve.
8. Why is Mna Lisa being mved t a new space in the Luvre?
A. T make rm fr an exhibitin.
B. T make it cnvenient fr experts t study it.
C. T imprve its exhibitin cnditins and reduce vercrwding.
D. T highlight its imprtance as the wrld's mst famus artwrk.
9. What is Suleymane’s attitude twards the gvernment’s annuncement?
A. Dubtful.B. Apprving.
C. Cperative.D. Dismissive.
10. Which f the fllwing paintings is exhibited ppsite t Mna Lisa?
A. Pastral Cncert.B. The Crnatin f the Virgin.
C. The Wedding Feast at Cana.D. Man with a Glve.
11. What des Cmpagnn imply abut Mna Lisa?
A. It deserves better prtectin.
B. It fails t live up t its fame.
C. It shuld be prmted thrugh lectures.
D. It takes visitrs’ attentin away frm ther exhibits.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了法国政府宣布将世界著名画作《蒙娜丽莎》从卢浮宫的大画廊移至单独空间展示，此举旨在改善其展览条件，缓解卢浮宫的过度拥挤问题，同时也能让大画廊中的其他艺术品得到应有的关注。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“This particular space, accessible independently frm the rest f the museum, will allw Mna Lisa’s cnditins f exhibitin, presentatin and interpretatin it deserves. The mve that aims t relieve the Luvre’s vercrwding prblem isn’t just great fr Mna Lisa. (这个特殊的空间，可以独立于博物馆的其他部分进入，将给予《蒙娜丽莎》应有的展览、展示和解读条件。这一旨在缓解卢浮宫过度拥挤问题的举措不仅对《蒙娜丽莎》有好处。)”可知，将《蒙娜丽莎》移至新空间一是为了改善它的展览条件，二是为了缓解卢浮宫的拥挤问题。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段““Peple have just been cming t check their ‘I paid a visit t Mna Lisa’s bx’ ”, said Suleymane, a prfessr f French and philsphy at Clumbia University wh was appinted by the museum in 2024 t give a series f lectures abut its art cllectin. “And even if yu g t that rm with the intentin f lking at the ther paintings, yu wuld be distracted (分散注意力) by Mna Lisa.” (哥伦比亚大学法国文学与哲学教授苏莱曼在 2024 年被该博物馆任命进行一系列关于其艺术收藏的讲座，他说：“人们只是来打卡‘我参观了《蒙娜丽莎》的展柜’。而且即使你去那个房间是想看其他画作，你也会被《蒙娜丽莎》分散注意力。”)”可知，苏莱曼认为《蒙娜丽莎》的存在影响了其他画作被关注，所以他对政府将《蒙娜丽莎》移走的决定是赞成的，因为这样其他画作能得到应有的关注。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The ther majr paintings in the space include Titian’s Pastral Cncert, Tintrett’s The Crnatin f the Virgin, and Vernese’s The Wedding Feast at Cana, which is a huge painting that peple dn’t lk at because it’s n the wall that faces Mna Lisa. (这个空间里的其他主要画作包括提香的《田园音乐会》、丁托列托的《圣母加冕》和委罗内塞的《加纳的婚礼》，这是一幅巨大的画作，人们不看它是因为它在正对着《蒙娜丽莎》的墙上。)”可知，在《蒙娜丽莎》对面展出的画作是《加纳的婚礼》。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段““The Wedding Feast at Cana is ne f the treasures f the Luvre,” said Cmpagnn, a prfessr at the Cllege de France and at Clumbia University. Cmpagnn is als excited fr visitrs t be able t pay attentin t his favrite painting in the rm, Titian’s Man with a Glve. (“《加纳的婚礼》是卢浮宫的珍宝之一，”法国高等师范学院和哥伦比亚大学的教授孔帕尼翁说道。孔帕尼翁也很期待参观者能够关注到房间里他最喜欢的画作——提香的《戴手套的男人》。)”可知，康帕尼翁和苏莱曼的观点类似，都认为《蒙娜丽莎》吸引了太多游客的注意力，使得其他画作得不到关注，康帕尼翁很期待游客能关注到其他画作，这暗示了《蒙娜丽莎》分散了游客对其他展品的注意力。故选D项。
D
When Philip Sntag first visited Antarctica as a Ph. D. student, he cllected a bag f penguin (企鹅) feathers. A decade later, Sntag and his team have discvered hw t use these feathers t map mercury (汞) pllutin in the Suthern Hemisphere, a grwing threat t wildlife.
Mercury, a pisnus by-prduct f gld mining, becmes mre and mre in the fd chain and affects animals’ nervus systems. While sampling rcks r sil fr mercury prvides limited insight, tracking its presence in the fd web is crucial fr ecsystem mnitring.
Penguins have a way t dispse f mercury thrugh their feathers, which they mlt (换羽) regularly. Sntag, nw a plar researcher at Rutgers University, and his team analyzed these mlted feathers t determine where penguins were expsed t mercury. They fund a clear relatinship between mercury levels and carbn-13, which varies gegraphically and acts as a marker fr where penguins feed r breed (繁殖). The study cnfirmed this pattern acrss seven penguin species in the Suthern Ocean, revealing higher mercury expsure in nrthern, warmer regins with higher carbn-13 levels.
The findings suggest that penguins culd serve as biindicatrs, living trackers f envirnmental pllutants. By measuring mercury in feathers, scientists can track the metal’s mvement thrugh the ceanic fd web ver time, rather than just at a single mment. Fr example, penguin species living near each ther shwed different mercury and carbn-13 levels due t varying migratin and feeding patterns. These data culd be mdeled int a map-like database t aid cnservatin and plar research.
Marine scientist Miriam Gimen Castells ntes that penguins are mid-level predatrs (捕食性动物), and underg dramatic mlts, making it easy t cllect feathers frm many individuals. The mlted feathers cntain mercury that gets int their bdy during the nnbreeding seasn.
Sntag plans t cllect newer feathers frm different species and cmpare mercury levels in penguins’ bld and their fd with thse in their feathers. As fr the penguins’ health, senir authr Jhn Reinfelder makes it clear that they have nt yet been expsed t pisnus mercury levels. “The penguins will be kay,” he says.
12. Hw did Sntag use the penguin feathers he cllected?
A. He kept them as a reminder f his trip.
B. He studied the cntent f a chemical in them.
C. He bserved their changes in different envirnments.
D. He classified them t identify different species f penguins.
13. What des the underlined part “dispse f” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Recgnize.B. Cnsume.
C. Remve.D. Cmbine.
14. What d we knw abut penguins frm the text?
A. They are ideal biindicatrs.
B. They are sensitive t carbn-13.
C. They are tp-level predatrs in the fd chain.
D. They are free frm the effects f human activities.
15. What is a suitable title fr the text?
A. The Life Cycle f Penguins in Antarctica.
B. Gld Mining and Its Effects n Penguins.
C. The Impact f Climate Change n Penguin Ppulatins.
D. Penguins Help Map Antarctica’s Grwing Mercury Threat.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了菲利普·桑塔格(Philip Sntag)和他的团队发现了如何利用企鹅羽毛绘制南半球的汞污染地图，汞污染对野生动物构成了日益严重的威胁。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“While sampling rcks r sil fr mercury prvides limited insight, tracking its presence in the fd web is crucial fr ecsystem mnitring.(虽然对岩石或土壤中的汞进行采样只能提供有限的见解，但追踪汞在食物网中的存在对生态系统监测至关重要。)”以及第三段“Sntag, nw a plar researcher at Rutgers University, and his team analyzed these mlted feathers t determine where penguins were expsed t mercury.(桑塔格现在是罗格斯大学的极地研究员，他和他的团队分析了这些脱落的羽毛，以确定企鹅是在哪里接触到汞的。)”可知，桑塔格研究了他收集的企鹅羽毛中的化学物质含量。故选B。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“By measuring mercury in feathers, scientists can track the metal’s mvement thrugh the ceanic fd web ver time, rather than just at a single mment.(通过测量羽毛中的汞含量，科学家们可以追踪金属在海洋食物网中的长期运动，而不仅仅是在一个单一的时刻)”和第五段末“The mlted feathers cntain mercury that gets int their bdy during the nnbreeding seasn.(脱落的羽毛中含有汞，在非繁殖季节会进入它们的身体)”及划线处后面“…which they mlt (换羽) regularly.(它们会定期换羽)”可知，企鹅羽毛中含汞，而企鹅换羽的习性，可以消除身体内的汞。由此可知，dispse f指的是企鹅通过换羽去除体内积累的汞，与remve(移除，消除，摆脱)意思相近。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The findings suggest that penguins culd serve as biindicatrs, living trackers f envirnmental pllutants.(研究结果表明，企鹅可以作为生物指示器，是环境污染物的生活追踪者。)”可知，企鹅是理想的生物指示器。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“When Philip Sntag first visited Antarctica as a Ph. D. student, he cllected a bag f penguin (企鹅) feathers. A decade later, Sntag and his team have discvered hw t use these feathers t map mercury (汞) pllutin in the Suthern Hemisphere, a grwing threat t wildlife.(当菲利普·桑塔格(Philip Sntag)还是博士生时，他第一次访问南极洲，收集了一袋企鹅羽毛。十年后，桑塔格和他的团队发现了如何利用这些羽毛绘制南半球的汞污染地图，汞污染对野生动物构成了日益严重的威胁。)”可知，文章主要介绍了菲利普·桑塔格(Philip Sntag)和他的团队发现了如何利用企鹅羽毛绘制南半球的汞污染地图，汞污染对野生动物构成了日益严重的威胁，由此可知，D选项“Penguins Help Map Antarctica’s Grwing Mercury Threat (企鹅帮助绘制南极洲日益严重的汞威胁图)”最适合作文章标题。故选D。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
New years are ften seen as new beginnings. ____16____ They were afraid that the start f the new millennium (千年) wuld bring disaster. Befre January 1, 2000, newspapers and TV shws ften talked abut smething that became knwn as the “Y2K bug” r the “millennium bug”.
Peple wrried there wuld be big prblems when clcks n cmputers went frm December 31, 1999 t the year 2000. This was because many cmputers used just tw digits t recrd the year. ____17____
But hw wuld cmputers cpe with “00” — wuld they think it was 2000 r wuld they take it as 1900 and stp wrking?
Sme peple thught this culd mean that lights wuld g ut acrss the wrld as cmputers failed. ____18____
Gvernments spent hundreds f billins f dllars planning fr pssible prblems and replacing ld systems with new nes that used fur-digit dates. The US alne spent $100 billin. But sme cuntries did almst nthing.
And when midnight came n December 31, planes didn't fall ut f the sky and the lights didn't g ut. Mst f the prblems were quite small. ____19____ In Ishikawa, Japan, sme equipment failed at a nuclear facility — althugh backup systems made sure there was n danger. And a grup f ver 150 pregnant wmen in the UK were given wrng infrmatin abut their babies' health because their hspitals' cmputer systems gt their birth dates wrng. But sme peple said the wrries — and all that mney — had been fr nthing.
____20____ They said thse mnths f planning helped avid big prblems. And they expressed cncern that ur reliance n technlgy wuld make us vulnerable (易受伤害的) t similar prblems in the future.
A. But sme were bigger.
B. Many experts didn’t agree.
C. S, 1988 was just “88” and 1999 was “99”.
D. But 25 years ag, many peple became wrried.
E. And they didn't cause much lss t imprtant facilities.
F. Insiders suggested peple stay calm and unlad unnecessary prgrams.
G. Perhaps sftware at banks, airprts and hspitals wuld stp wrking t.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. G 19. A 20. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了在2000年新千年到来之际，人们对“Y2K 漏洞”或“千年虫”的担忧以及相关应对措施和最终结果。
【16题详解】
根据上文“New years are ften seen as new beginnings. (新年常常被视为新的开始。)”以及下文“They were afraid that the start f the new millennium (千年) wuld bring disaster. Befre January 1, 2000, newspapers and TV shws ften talked abut smething that became knwn as the “Y2K bug” r the “millennium bug”.(他们担心新千年的开始会带来灾难。在2000年1月1日之前，报纸和电视节目经常谈论一种被称为“Y2K 漏洞”或“千年虫”的东西。)”可知，此处需要一个句子来引出人们对2000年新千年到来的担忧，与上文的普遍认知形成对比。D项“But 25 years ag, many peple became wrried. (但25年前，许多人开始担心。)”，25年前即指2000年之前，引出了下文人们的担忧，符合语境。故选D项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“This was because many cmputers used just tw digits t recrd the year. (这是因为许多计算机只用两位数字来记录年份。)”可知，此处应进一步说明这种记录年份方式的具体情况。C项“S, 1988 was just “88” and 1999 was “99”.(所以，1988年就记为“88”，1999年就记为“99”。)”，具体举例说明了用两位数字记录年份的方式，符合语境。故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Sme peple thught this culd mean that lights wuld g ut acrss the wrld as cmputers failed. (一些人认为这可能意味着随着计算机故障，全世界的灯光都会熄灭。)”可知，此处应继续列举人们认为可能因计算机故障而出现的问题。G项“Perhaps sftware at banks, airprts and hspitals wuld stp wrking t. (也许银行、机场和医院的软件也会停止工作。)”与上文一样，都是人们对计算机故障可能导致的严重后果的猜测。故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Mst f the prblems were quite small. (大多数问题都相当小。)”以及下文“In Ishikawa, Japan, sme equipment failed at a nuclear facility — althugh backup systems made sure there was n danger. And a grup f ver 150 pregnant wmen in the UK were given wrng infrmatin abut their babies' health because their hspitals' cmputer systems gt their birth dates wrng. (在日本石川，一个核设施的一些设备出现了故障 —— 尽管备用系统确保没有危险。英国一群150多名孕妇因为医院的计算机系统弄错了她们的出生日期，而得到了关于她们婴儿健康的错误信息。)”可知，此处需要一个句子来引出下文一些较为严重的问题，与上文的“小问题”形成对比。A项“But sme were bigger. (但有些问题更严重。)”，起到了承上启下的作用，符合逻辑。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“But sme peple said the wrries — and all that mney — had been fr nthing. (但有些人说，这些担忧 —— 以及所有那些钱 —— 都白费了。)”以及下文“They said thse mnths f planning helped avid big prblems. And they expressed cncern that ur reliance n technlgy wuld make us vulnerable (易受伤害的) t similar prblems in the future. (他们说，那几个月的规划帮助避免了大问题。他们还表示担心，我们对技术的依赖会使我们在未来容易受到类似问题的影响。)”可知，此处需要一个句子来引出与上文不同的观点。B项“Many experts didn't agree. (许多专家不同意。)”，引出了下文专家们认为规划起到了作用的观点，与上文一些人的看法形成对比。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
My family recently mved frm America t Italy. We were enjying this ____21____ t explre the great utdrs n a new cntinent. First, my husband and I went hiking in a natinal park. We culd drive thrugh the park but culd find n way t ____22____ the car and walk int it. Fr us, this felt very ____23____.
Next, my lder daughter and I rganized a backpacking trip t Parc Nzinale d'Abruzz, just a few hurs utside f Rme. We were ____24____ t learn there is n camping in the park. The nly way t ____25____ in the park is at a muntain hut (小屋).
Mst visitrs t the park hire guides. Guides help them explre the trails, describe the eclgy f the area, and ____26____ wildlife viewing.
We did nt hire a guide, which was respected by the guides, but ttally ____27____ t many f the lcals. I viewed hiking with a guide as an ____28____ f pr wilderness skills. But, thrugh cnversatins with ther hikers and guests, I came t ____29____ the way many Italians ______30______ visiting the park. They came t learn and see beauty but nt necessarily t be ______31______ and t feel the thrill (刺激) f independently ______32______ in nature.
This experience gave me the pprtunity t learn abut ther ______33______ f utdr explratin. I wuld never want t ______34______ camping and hiking “my way”, but I am willing t try a new way, even with a ______35______.
21. A. activityB. pprtunityC. abilityD. necessity
22. A. parkB. cleanC. repairD. sell
23. A. remarkableB. amazingC. ecnmicalD. strange
24. A. excitedB. scaredC. surprisedD. stressed
25. A. relaxB. wanderC. playD. sleep
26. A. spnsrB. prmteC. facilitateD. mnitr
27. A. incmprehensibleB. unfrgivableC. impssibleD. irresistible
28. A. explanatinB. admissinC. bservatinD. interventin
29. A. illustrateB. understandC. advcateD. spread
30. A. missedB. avidedC. riskedD. apprached
31. A. alneB. happyC. creativeD. curius
32. A. arrivingB. trainingC. huntingD. surviving
33. A. tlsB. philsphiesC. reprtsD. regulatins
34. A. cunt frB. care frC. give upD. bring up
35. A. familyB. hikerC. guideD. hst
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家从美国搬到意大利后，在户外探险过程中的经历和感悟。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们很享受这个探索新大陆户外的机会。A. activity活动；B. pprtunity机会；C. ability能力；D. necessity必要性。根据下文“ t explre the great utdrs n a new cntinent.” 可知，作者一家搬到意大利，这是一个探索新环境户外的好机会。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以开车穿过公园，但找不到停车的地方，所以我们走进去的。A. park停车；B. clean清洁；C. repair修理；D. sell出售。根据上文“We culd drive thrugh the park ”可知，这里表达的是停车的意思，park the car 是固定搭配 “停车”。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我们来说，这感觉非常奇怪。A. remarkable显著的；B. amazing令人惊奇的；C. ecnmical经济的；D. strange奇怪的。前文提到在美国可能习惯了可以随意停车进入公园等情况，在意大利却不行，所以作者觉得这种情况很奇怪。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们惊讶地得知在公园里不能露营。A. excited兴奋的；B. scared害怕的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. stressed有压力的。根据下文“there is n camping in the park” 可知，作者和大女儿准备去背包旅行，却得知不能露营，这让她们感到惊讶。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在公园里唯一能睡觉的地方是在山间小屋。A. relax放松；B. wander漫步；C. play玩耍；D. sleep睡觉。根据下文“at a muntain hut (小屋).” 以及前文提到不能露营，可知这里说的是在公园里能休息睡觉的地方。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：导游帮助他们探索小径，描述该地区的生态，并促进野生动物观赏。A. spnsr赞助；B. prmte促进（强调推动、提升）；C. facilitate使便利，促进（更侧重于使某事更容易发生）；D. mnitr监视。根据上文“Guides help them explre the trails, describe the eclgy f the area, ” 可知，导游的作用是帮助游客更方便地观赏野生动物，facilitate 更符合语境。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们没有雇导游，这得到了导游的尊重，但让很多当地人完全无法理解。A. incmprehensible无法理解的；B. unfrgivable不可原谅的；C. impssible不可能的；D. irresistible不可抗拒的。根据上文“Mst visitrs t the park hire guides.” 可知，在当地很多人会雇导游，作者一家不雇导游的行为让当地人难以理解。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为雇导游徒步旅行是承认自己野外技能不足。A. explanatin解释；B. admissin承认；C. bservatin观察；D. interventin干预。根据下文“f pr wilderness skills.” 可知，作者觉得雇导游就意味着承认自己野外技能不足。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，通过与其他徒步旅行者和游客的交谈，我开始理解许多意大利人游览公园的方式。A. illustrate说明；B. understand理解；C. advcate提倡；D. spread传播。根据上文“But, thrugh cnversatins with ther hikers and guests,” 可知，作者通过交流对意大利人的游览方式有了新的认识，即开始理解他们的方式。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，通过与其他徒步旅行者和游客的交谈，我开始理解许多意大利人游览公园的方式。A. missed错过；B. avided避免；C. risked冒险；D. apprached对待，处理。根据上文很多人雇佣导游以及下文“visiting the park.” 可知，这里说的是意大利人对待游览公园的方式。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们来是为了学习和欣赏美景，但不一定是为了独自一人并感受在大自然中独立生存的刺激。A. alne独自的；B. happy快乐的；C. creative有创造力的；D. curius好奇的。根据上文“They came t learn and see beauty ” 以及前文提到意大利人会雇导游，可知他们不一定是为了独自在大自然中。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们来是为了学习和欣赏美景，但不一定是为了独自一人并感受在大自然中独立生存的刺激。A. arriving到达；B. training训练；C. hunting打猎；D. surviving生存。根据下文“ in nature.” 可知，这里表达的是在大自然中独立生存的刺激。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次经历让我有机会了解其他户外探险的理念。A. tls工具；B. philsphies理念，哲学；C. reprts报告；D. regulatins规定。根据前文作者对意大利人游览公园方式的理解，可知这里说的是了解其他户外探险的理念。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我永远不想放弃以 “我的方式” 露营和徒步旅行，但我愿意尝试一种新的方式，即使有导游。A. cunt fr有价值；B. care fr照顾；C. give up放弃；D. bring up抚养。根据下文“camping and hiking “my way” .” 可知，作者不想放弃自己原来的方式，同时愿意尝试新方式。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我永远不想放弃以 “我的方式” 露营和徒步旅行，但我愿意尝试一种新的方式，即使有导游。A. family家庭；B. hiker徒步者；C. guide导游；D. hst主人。根据上文“hire guides”可知，前卫提到意大利人游览公园很多会请导游，可知作者愿意尝试的新方式包括有导游的情况。故选C。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sugar painting is a traditinal Chinese flk art with a lng histry dating back hundreds f years. It was part f ppular street culture back ____36____ the ld days. Althugh much less cmmn nwadays, yu’ll still find it at temple fairs, in sme parks and at sme shps.
The paintings ____37____ (make) frm biling sugar, and the first key is t cntrl the temperature prperly. If the temperature is t high, the syrup (糖浆) will be t ____38____ (water) t shape; if the temperature is t lw, the syrup will becme hard and difficult t stretch. The ht sugar syrup is drizzled (洒落) nt a bard in the ____39____ (desire) pattern and then it becmes slid as the temperature cls, which means that anther key part f making perfect sugar paintings ____40____ (be) speed! Sugar painting shuld be dne ____41____ (smth) in ne cntinuus stream, and there can’t be any breaks in ____42____ painting prcess. The mst ppular patterns are dragns, phenixes and the 12 Chinese zdiac signs. Hwever, the flk artists are als able t paint all kinds f animals and flwers.
Sugar painting can be traced back t the Ming Dynasty when peple used syrup ____43____ (cast) statues f Buddha (佛) figures. In the Qing Dynasty, sugar painting was gradually simplified and it enjyed wider ____44____ (ppular), with sellers creating varius patterns ____45____ represent gd luck and frtune, and the treat sn became a ppular sught-after snack fr children.
【答案】36. in 37. are made 38. watery 39. desired 40. is 41. smthly
42. the 43. t cast 44. ppularity 45. that##which
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了中国糖画的制作方法、传承以及历史渊源。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：这是过去流行街头文化的一部分。短语in the ld days表示“过去”。故填in。
【37题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：这些画是由沸糖制成的，第一个关键是控制好温度。主语paintings与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文the first key is可知为一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填are made。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如果温度太高，糖浆会因为水分过多而无法成型；如果温度过低，糖浆会变硬，难以拉伸。作表语，表示“水分多的”用形容词watery。故填watery。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：将热糖浆淋成所需的图案，然后随着温度的冷却，它会变成固体，这意味着制作完美糖画的另一个关键部分是速度！修饰名词pattern用形容词desired。故填desired。
【40题详解】
考查时态。句意：将热糖浆淋成所需的图案，然后随着温度的冷却，它会变成固体，这意味着制作完美糖画的另一个关键部分是速度！陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为anther key part f making perfect sugar paintings，谓语用单数。故填is。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：糖画应在一个连续的流程中顺利完成，不能在绘画过程中有任何中断。修饰动词d用副词smthly。故填smthly。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：糖画应在一个连续的流程中顺利完成，不能在绘画过程中有任何中断。此处prcess特指糖画的绘画过程用定冠词。故填the。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：糖画可以追溯到明朝，当时人们用糖浆来铸造佛像。短语use sth. t d sth.表示“用某物做某事”。故填t cast。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：到了清朝，糖画逐渐被简化，受到了更广泛的欢迎，商贩们画出各种代表好运和财富的图案，糖画很快成为孩子们喜爱的小吃。作动词的宾语，用名词ppularity。故填ppularity。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：到了清朝，糖画逐渐被简化，受到了更广泛的欢迎，商贩们画出各种代表好运和财富的图案，糖画很快成为孩子们喜爱的小吃。定语从句修饰先行词patterns，关系词在从句作主语，指物，故填that/which。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim正在中国旅游，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.询问旅行情况；
2.邀请见面。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Jim,
Hw are yu ding? I heard frm yur last email that yu are currently traveling in China, and I’m curius t knw hw yur trip is ging. Are yu enjying yur time here? Have yu visited any interesting places r tried any lcal fd?
Yu said yu wuld be arriving in Beijing this Saturday. I’ll be glad t travel t Beijing and meet yu there. It wuld be great t catch up and shw yu arund this mdern and time-hnred city. Let me knw yur schedule, s we can arrange smething!
Lking frward t hearing frm yu.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the day Yllie gt her graduatin certificate f Baylr Cllege f Medicine. Her dream finally came true. She tk ut an ld greyish dress frm her suitcase, her mind flded by memries f the days when her mther saved mney fr her educatin.
Yllie’s mther, Mrs Mren, was a wman with a unique sense f humr. As a single mther, she supprted the family by wrking at the lcal market. She didn’t earn much mney, but she was always psitive and had her wn way t prvide fr Yllie and at the same time saved as much mney as pssible. Her ways were nt always clever nes, thugh, amng which an embarrassing ne std ut in Yllie’s memry.
Yllie was a smart kid at Saint Theresa’s High Schl. She was the winner f the schl’s spelling bees. Mrs Mren encuraged her daughter t study hard, hping Yllie wuld realize her dream f becming a dctr ne day. She prvided Yllie with a desk, typewriter, and a lamp t prtect her eyes frm lng hurs f studying.
One day, Yllie needed a new black utfit fr the eighth-grade fall dance, but unluckily, their ld car had already cst them nearly a hundred dllars in repairs. Mrs Mren didn’t have much t spend n the utfit s she decided t buy Yllie a pair f black shes and fabric dye (染料) t turn her white summer dress black.
At first Yllie dubted her mther’s idea. Hwever, t her surprise, the dress turned ut shiny and sphisticated (精致的) after being dyed. She was excited t g t the dance. The dance was rmantic, with paper lanterns swinging in the trees and creating a scene straight ut f a mvie. Yllie enjyed dancing with her friends under the lanterns until rain began t fall. Disaster struck when Yllie’s dyed dress started t leak black dye, ruining her utfit. In embarrassment, she ran hme thrugh the strm.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Mrs Mren was shcked at the sight f Yllie, but she quickly gt her sense f humr at wrk in just secnds.
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Frm then n, Yllie tk the ugly dress with her wherever she went.
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【答案】
One pssible versin:
Mrs Mren was shcked at the sight f Yllie, but she quickly gt her sense f humr at wrk in just secnds. “Get changed and give the dress a wash. Let’s see what clr it will turn,” she said. Yllie brke int laughter, replying, “Greyish, I think. Maybe grey will be in fashin next year.” Yllie gt changed and put the dress int the washing machine. When they tk it ut, they were disappinted that it was an ugly greyish clr. “Srry dear, if yu want t wear it again, I will have t dye it black,” Mrs Mren jked. “I’d better chse a fine day t wear it,” Yllie said giggling.
Frm then n, Yllie tk the ugly dress with her wherever she went. It was a reminder f her mther’s struggle t bring her up, a reminder f Mm’s psitiveness twards challenges in life and a reminder f the days when life culd be hard but never dull. She knew deep in her heart that she wed everything t her mther, wh wrked hard, saved and gave her the best educatin. She decided t dye it black again s that she wuld be able t put it n and fly hme t share with Mm the happiness f graduatin.