吉林省东北三省教育教学联合体2024-2025学年高三下学期3月联合模拟预测英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份吉林省东北三省教育教学联合体2024-2025学年高三下学期3月联合模拟预测英语试卷（解析版），共19页。试卷主要包含了听力，阅读理解，完形填空，写作等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、听力(略)
二、阅读理解(2.5分，50分)
A
Franz Bas’s descriptin f Inuit (因纽特人) life in the 19th century illustrates the prbable mral cde f early humans. Here, nrms (规范) were unwritten and rarely expressed clearly, but were well understd and taken t heart. Dishnest and vilent behaviurs were disapprved f; leadership, marriage and interactins with ther grups were lsely gverned by traditins. Cnflict was ften reslved in musical battles. Because arguing angrily leads t chas, it was strngly discuraged. With life in the unfrgiving Nrthern Canada being s demanding, the Inuit’s practical apprach t mrality made gd sense.
The similarity f mral virtues acrss cultures is striking, even thugh the relative ranking f the virtues may vary with a scial grup’s histry and envirnment. Typically, cruelty and cheating are discuraged, while cperatin, humbleness and curage are praised. These universal nrms far pre-date the cncept f any mralising religin r written law. Instead, they are rted in the similarity f basic human needs and ur shared mechanisms fr learning and prblem slving. Our scial instincts (本能) include the intense desire t belng. The apprval f thers is rewarding, while their disapprval is strngly disliked. These scial emtins prepare ur brains t shape ur behaviur accrding t the nrms and values f ur family and ur cmmunity. Mre generally, scial instincts mtivate us t learn hw t behave in a scially cmplex wrld.
The mechanism invlves a repurpsed reward system riginally used t develp habits imprtant fr self-care. Our brains use the system t acquire behaviural patterns regarding safe rutes hme, efficient fd gathering and dangers t avid. Gd habits save time, energy and smetimes yur life. Gd scial habits d smething similar in a scial cntext. We learn t tell the truth, even when lying is self-serving; we help a grandparent even when it is incnvenient. We acquire what we call a sense f right and wrng.
Scial benefits are accmpanied by scial demands: we must get alng, but nt put up with t much. Hence self-discipline is advantageus. In humans, a greatly enlarged brain bsts self-cntrl, just as it bsts prblem-slving skills in the scial as well as the physical wrld. These abilities are strengthened by ur capacity fr language, which allws scial practices t develp in extremely unbvius ways.
1. What can be inferred abut the frming f the Inuit’s mral cde?
A. Living cnditins were the drive.B. Unwritten rules were the target.
C. Scial traditin was the basis. D. Hnesty was the key.
2. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. Incnveniences are the cause f telling lies.B. Basic human needs lead t universal nrms.
C. Language capacity is limited by self-cntrl.D. Written laws have great influence n virtues.
3. Which wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A. Virtues: Bridges Acrss CulturesB. The Values f Self-discipline
C. Brains: Walls Against Chas D. The Rts f Mrality
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要围绕人类道德规范的起源进行讨论，介绍了早期人类道德准则的形成过程及其如何根植于人类基本需求及共同的社会学习和问题解决机制中。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Here, nrms (规范) were unwritten and rarely expressed clearly, but were well understd and taken t heart. Dishnest and vilent behaviurs were disapprved f; leadership, marriage and interactins with ther grups were lsely gverned by traditins. Cnflict was ften reslved in musical battles. Because arguing angrily leads t chas, it was strngly discuraged. With life in the unfrgiving Nrthern Canada being s demanding, the Inuit’s practical apprach t mrality made gd sense. (在这里，规范是不成文的，很少明确表达，但被很好地理解和铭记。不赞成不诚实和暴力行为；领导、婚姻以及与其他群体的互动都受到传统的松散控制。冲突往往通过音乐斗争来解决。因为愤怒的争论会导致混乱，所以强烈反对。在无情的加拿大北部，生活的要求如此之高，因纽特人对待道德的务实态度很有道理)”可知，因纽特人的生活中，规范是不成文的，因纽特人的道德准则是以社会传统为基础的。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“These universal nrms far pre-date the cncept f any mralising religin r written law. Instead, they are rted in the similarity f basic human needs and ur shared mechanisms fr learning and prblem slving.(这些普遍规范远远早于任何道德化宗教或成文法律的概念。相反，它们植根于人类基本需求的相似性以及我们学习和解决问题的共同机制)”可知，普遍的道德规范植根于人类基本需求的相似性以及我们学习和解决问题的共同机制，即人类的基本需求导致普遍的道德规范形成。故选B项。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Franz Bas’s descriptin f Inuit (因纽特人) life in the 19th century illustrates the prbable mral cde f early humans.(弗朗兹·博厄斯对19世纪因纽特人生活的描述说明了早期人类可能的道德准则)”以及文章内容可知，本文围绕人类道德规范的起源进行讨论，主要介绍了早期人类道德准则的形成过程及其如何根植于人类基本需求及共同的社会学习和问题解决机制中，所以“道德的起源”适合作为文章标题。故选D项。
B
When I was a child I was ften tld what nt t eat. “Yu dn’t want t get fat” was n cnstant repeat thrughut my childhd. It really messed up my relatinship with fd — smething that tk me years t vercme. Because f this, I’m careful nt t cnnect what my kids weigh with their wrth as peple. I encurage my daughter t make healthy snack chices and ften dissuade (劝阻) her frm a secnd dessert. But ne day when I heard her saying “I think I’m t fat,” my heart sank. It made me wnder if giving her advice n snacks was having an unintentinally negative impact.
Accrding t Charltte Markey, a prfessr f psychlgy, fd is ne f the rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is mre. “There are s many things in parenting that are gd t talk thrugh, but I’m nt cnvinced that fd is ne f them,” she says. “It just creates sme wrries and insecurities in kids that aren’t necessarily healthy.”
Instead, she recmmends applying a well-knwn cncept amng nutritin experts called the “Divisin f Respnsibility,” where parents prvide a variety f mstly healthy fds t their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and hw much they want t cnsume — even if that means ccasinally eating mre ckies than carrts.
Allwing kids t eat what they want als expses them t the natural cnsequences f their decisins. “When yur child says, ‘My stmach hurts,’ yu can say, ‘Well yu had a lt f sugary fds and yu might feel better if yu made sme ther chices,’” says Markey. “Let them feel like they have sme cntrl ver it.”
I’ve been trying ut these strategies and I’ve fund that when I’m less restrictive, they d make better decisins. “Feeding is a lng game,” says Markey. “The fd yu have available makes a huge difference. Even if they dn’t eat it, they’ re seeing it. And then all f a sudden it clicks.”
4. What can be inferred abut the authr frm the first paragraph?
A. She is upset by her kids’ weight.B. She is critical f the way she was fed.
C. She is interested in making fd.D. She is particular abut what she eats.
5. Which f the fllwing wuld Markey disapprve f?
A. Allwing kids t eat ckies ccasinally.B. Offering varius fds t kids at fixed times.
C. Explaining t kids the risks f taking snacks.D. Talking with kids abut schl at mealtimes.
6. What shuld kids d accrding t the “Divisin f Respnsibility”?
A. Make diet decisins n their wn.B. Share their fd with ther kids.
C. Eat up what is prvided fr them.D. Help their parents d the dishes.
7. What des the authr think f the strategies she has been fllwing?
A. Cstly.B. Cmplex.
C. Wrkable.D. Cntradictry.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者自己因童年时被灌输饮食观念而影响了与食物的关系，心理学家建议家长在饮食上少干预，作者尝试策略后发现孩子能做更好的饮食决策。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“When I was a child I was ften tld what nt t eat. ‘Yu dn’t want t get fat’ was n cnstant repeat thrughut my childhd. It really messed up my relatinship with fd — smething that tk me years t vercme. (当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常被告知什么不能吃。“你不想变胖”这句话在我整个童年时期不断重复。这真的搞砸了我与食物的关系 —— 这是我花了多年时间才克服的问题)”可知，作者童年时被灌输的饮食观念对其产生了负面影响，由此可推断出，作者对自己童年时被喂养的方式持批判态度。故选B项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Accrding t Charltte Markey, a prfessr f psychlgy, fd is ne f the rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is mre. ‘There are s many things in parenting that are gd t talk thrugh, but I’m nt cnvinced that fd is ne f them,’ she says. ‘It just creates sme wrries and insecurities in kids that aren’t necessarily healthy.’ (根据心理学教授夏洛特·马基的说法，食物是为数不多的家长说得少反而更好的话题之一。“在育儿方面，有很多事情值得深入讨论，但我不认为食物是其中之一，”她说。“这只会给孩子们带来一些不必要的担忧和不安全感，这并不健康。”)”可知，马基不赞成家长和孩子过多谈论食物相关的话题，而向孩子解释吃零食的风险属于谈论食物的话题，所以马基不会赞成。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Instead, she recmmends applying a well knwn cncept amng nutritin experts called the ‘Divisin f Respnsibility,’ where parents prvide a variety f mstly healthy fds t their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and hw much they want t cnsume — even if that means ccasinally eating mre ckies than carrts. (相反，她建议应用营养专家中一个著名的概念，即‘责任划分’，在这个概念中，家长在固定的时间为孩子提供各种主要是健康的食物，而孩子自己决定想吃什么和吃多少 —— 即使这意味着偶尔吃的饼干比胡萝卜多)”可知，根据“责任划分”，孩子应该自己做饮食决策。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I’ve been trying ut these strategies and I’ve fund that when I’m less restrictive, they d make better decisins. (我一直在尝试这些策略，我发现当我不那么严格限制时，他们确实会做出更好的决策)”可知，孩子们确实会做出更好的决策，所以作者会认为自己所遵循的策略是可行的。故选C项。
C
A nvel design apprach t gardening has been gaining in ppularity wrldwide. Referred t as matrix planting, this apprach aims fr nature t d a lt mre f the heavy lifting in the garden, and even sme f the designing. Eschewing fertilizers (化肥) and pwer tls, it’s based n an elegantly simple principle: t garden mre like nature des.
The cncept was brn when German city planners sught t plant large areas f parkland after Wrld War II in a reprducible way that wuld need minimal maintenance. Planners created planting mixes that culd be used mdularly (模块化). In a matrix garden, plants with similar cultural needs are gruped s that they will grw tgether abve and belw grund, frming a cperative ecsystem that cnserves water and discurages weeds.
Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudlf’s gardens ppularized this style, adding artistic flavrs t the planting mixes while playing with clr and frm, including fur-seasn interest and serving the needs f wildlife. Beautiful year-rund, they invite yu t enjy the smallest detail, frm the sund f grasses in the gentle wind t the sculpture f dd-lking seed heads.
It takes a lt f thught t lk this natural. While matrix gardens appear wild, they are carefully planned, with cultural needs the first cnsideratin. Led by the cncept f “right plant, right place,” they match plants that enjy the same sil, sun and weather cnditins, and arrange them accrding t their patterns f grwth.
The benefits are substantial fr bth gardener and planet. With human inputs dramatically reduced, the garden’s eclgy can develp well. Established matrix gardens shuld nt need the life supprt we give mst gardens: fertilizer, dividing, regular watering. Cmpared t traditinal garden plts, they increase carbn absrptin, reduce strmwater runff and bst habitat and bidiversity significantly.
8. What des the underlined wrd “Eschewing” in the first paragraph mean?
A. Running ut f.B. Keeping away frm.
C. Putting up with.D. Taking advantage f.
9. Why was the idea f matrix planting intrduced?
A. T cntrl weeds in large gardens. B. T bring in freign species f plants.
C. T cnserve sil and water resurces.D. T develp lw-maintenance parkland.
10. Which f the fllwing best describes Piet Oudlf’s gardens?
A. Traditinal.B. Odd-lking.
C. Tasteful.D. Well-prtected.
11. Which f the fllwing can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. The future f gardening is WILD.B. Nature treats all lives as EQUALS.
C. Matrix gardens need mre CARE.D. Old garden plts wrk WONDERS.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型园艺设计方法——矩阵种植。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“Referred t as matrix planting, this apprach aims fr nature t d a lt mre f the heavy lifting in the garden, and even sme f the designing.(这种被称为矩阵种植的方法旨在让大自然在花园中承担更多繁重的工作，甚至承担一些设计工作)”可知，矩阵种植是让大自然自身承接更多的工作；结合常识和划线词所在句“Eschewing fertilizers (化肥) and pwer tls, it’s based n an elegantly simple principle: t garden mre like nature des.(Eschewing化肥和电动工具，它基于一个极其简单的原则：更像大自然那样进行园艺种植)”中“t garden mre like nature des”可推知，要像大自然那样进行园艺种植，让大自然自身承接更多的工作，就不需要使用化肥和电动工具。所以划线词“Eschewing”的意思是“避开、远离”，与“Keeping away frm.”同义。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The cncept was brn when German city planners sught t plant large areas f parkland after Wrld War II in a reprducible way that wuld need minimal maintenance.(这个概念诞生于二战后，当时德国城市规划者试图以一种可复制且需要最少维护的方式种植大片公园绿地)”可知，引入矩阵种植的想法是为了开发低维护成本的公园绿地。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudlf’s gardens ppularized this style, adding artistic flavrs t the planting mixes while playing with clr and frm, including fur seasn interest and serving the needs f wildlife.(荷兰植物学家兼设计师Piet Oudlf的花园推广了这种风格，在种植组合中增添了艺术气息，同时玩转色彩和形态，四季都有看点，还满足了野生动物的需求)”可知，Piet Oudlf的花园有艺术气息，很有品味。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Referred t as matrix planting, this apprach aims fr nature t d a lt mre f the heavy lifting in the garden, and even sme f the designing. Eschewing fertilizers (化肥) and pwer tls, it’s based n an elegantly simple principle: t garden mre like nature des.(这种被称为矩阵种植的方法旨在让大自然在花园中承担更多繁重的工作，甚至承担一些设计工作。它避开化肥和电动工具，基于一个极其简单的原则：更像大自然那样进行园艺种植)”和最后一段中“With human inputs dramatically reduced, the garden’s eclgy can develp well. Established matrix gardens shuld nt need the life supprt we give mst gardens: fertilizer, dividing, regular watering. Cmpared t traditinal garden plts, they increase carbn absrptin, reduce strmwater runff and bst habitat and bidiversity significantly.(随着人类投入的大幅减少，花园的生态系统可以良好发展。成熟的矩阵花园不需要我们给予大多数花园的维持手段：化肥、分株、定期浇水。与传统花园地块相比，它们增加了碳吸收，减少了雨水径流，并显著改善了栖息地和生物多样性)”可知，文章主要介绍了矩阵种植这种新型园艺设计方法，它让花园更接近自然、野生的状态，未来园艺可能会朝着这种更自然、野生的方向发展。故A项“The future f gardening is WILD(园艺的未来是自然的)”能概括文章主旨，适合做文章标题。故选A项。
D
As new technlgies take n increasingly humanlike qualities, there’s been a push t make them genderless. “Peple are steretyping (形成刻板印象) their gendered bjects in very traditinal ways,” says Ashley Martin, a Stanfrd assciate prfessr f rganizatinal behavir. Remving gender frm the picture altgether seems like a simple way t fix this. Yet as Martin has fund in her wrk, gender is ne f the fundamental ways peple frm cnnectins with bjects, particularly thse designed with human characteristics.
In her study, Martin asked participants t rate their attachment t male, female, and genderless versins f a digital vice assistant and a self-driving car knwn as “Miuu.” It was fund that gender increased users’ feelings f attachment t these devices and their interest in purchasing them. Fr example, participants said they wuld be less likely t buy a genderless vice assistant than versins with male r female vices.
While gendering a prduct may be gd marketing, it may als strengthen utdated r harmful ideas abut pwer and identity. The steretypes cmmnly assciated with men, such as cmpetitiveness and dminance, are mre valued than thse assciated with wmen. These qualities, in turn, are mapped nt prducts that have been assigned a gender.
Martin’s study als fund that creating a genderless bject was difficult. Fr instance, if an bject’s name was meant t sund genderless, like Miuu, participants wuld still assign a gender t it — they wuld assume Miuu was a “he” r “she.”
Martin sees a silver lining, hwever: She believes that anthrpmrphism (拟人化) “prvides an pprtunity t change steretypes.” When wmen are put int psitins f leadership like running cmpanies, it reduces negative steretypes abut wmen. Similarly, anthrpmrphized prducts culd be created t take n steretype-incnsistent rles — a male rbt that assists with nursing r a female rbt that helps d calculatins, fr instance.
12. What is the purpse f making new technlgies genderless?
A. T reduce steretypes.B. T meet public demand.
C. T cut prductin csts.D. T encurage cmpetitin.
13. What were the participants prbably asked t d in the study?
A. Design a prduct.B. Respnd t a survey.
C. Wrk as assistants.D. Take a language test.
14. Why is it difficult t create genderless bjects?
A. They cannt be mass-prduced. B. Naming them is a challenging task.
C. Peple assume they are unreliable.D. Gender is rted in peple’s mind.
15. What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut?
A. The quality f genderless prducts.B. The upside f gendering a prduct.
C. The meaning f anthrpmrphism.D. The steretypes f men and wmen.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. B
【语篇解读】本文为说明文。文章讲述了新技术呈现人类特质时人们试图使其去性别化，但性别是人们与物体建立联系的基本方式，且创造无性别物体很难，拟人化或能改变刻板印象。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“‘Peple are steretyping (形成刻板印象) their gendered bjects in very traditinal ways,’ says Ashley Martin, a Stanfrd assciate prfessr f rganizatinal behavir. Remving gender frm the picture altgether seems like a simple way t fix this. (斯坦福大学组织行为学副教授阿什利·马丁说：“人们以非常传统的方式对有性别的物品形成刻板印象。”完全去除物品的性别似乎是解决这个问题的简单方法)”可知，人们对有性别的物品存在刻板印象，让新技术无性别化的目的是减少这种刻板印象。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In her study, Martin asked participants t rate their attachment t male, female, and genderless versins f a digital vice assistant and a self driving car knwn as ‘Miuu.’ (在她的研究中，马丁让参与者对数字语音助手和名为‘Miuu’的自动驾驶汽车的男性、女性和无性别版本的喜爱程度进行评分)”可知，参与者被要求对不同版本的产品进行评价，这类似于对调查做出回应。故选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Martin’s study als fund that creating a genderless bject was difficult. Fr instance, if an bject’s name was meant t sund genderless, like Miuu, participants wuld still assign a gender t it — they wuld assume Miuu was a ‘he’ r ‘she.’ (马丁的研究还发现，创造无性别对象很困难。例如，如果一个物品的名字听起来是无性别化的，比如Miuu，参与者仍然会给它赋予一个性别——他们会认为Miuu是‘他’或‘她’)”可知，因为性别观念根深蒂固在人们的脑海中，所以即使物品本身试图设计成无性别，人们还是会赋予其性别，这导致创造无性别对象很困难。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Martin sees a silver lining, hwever: She believes that anthrpmrphism (拟人化) ‘prvides an pprtunity t change steretypes.’ (然而，马丁看到了一线希望：她认为拟人化‘提供了改变刻板印象的机会’)”以及后文所举的例子可知，最后一段主要讲了赋予产品性别有积极的一面，即可以通过拟人化改变刻板印象。故选B项。
E
If yu want t develp maximum credibility (可信性), is it better t be a hedgehg (刺猬) r a fx? Accrding t Isaiah Berlin, the hedgehg knws ne thing very well, and the fx knws a lt f things.
Is there a clear advantage f ne style ver the ther? Hedgehg thinkers tend t answer yes. ___16___ And they are usually very credible in ding s. Accrding t Jim Hart, the “hedgehg cncept” is ne f the factrs that lead cmpanies t greatness. They fcus n ne thing and d it really well. They figure ut what they are gd at. ___17___ The hedgehg cncept makes perfect sense fr cmpanies.
___18___ Philip Tate has studied the track recrds f thse flks n the Sunday talk shws wh make predictins abut what will happen. He has fund that hedgehgs are nt nly wrng mre ften than fxes, but that they are less likely t recgnise r admit that they are wrng when events d nt match their predictins.
The advantage that fxes have is that they are mre likely t seek ut new infrmatin frm a brader range f surces, and are cmfrtable with uncertainty and new infrmatin. ___19___ They try t include it in their viewpint rather than t exclude it frm their thinking. They als have a clearer estimatin f what they knw and dn’t knw.
S, which is better? The questin can be answered in a fxy hedgehg style. ___20___ The chice between being a hedgehg r a fx is a false trade-ff. The mst effective way t g thrugh life is t try t be that rare mixture knwn as fxy hedgehg.
A. In ther wrds, there are clear advantages fr each.
B. They are mre likely t remember peple’s mistakes.
C. Hence, they have the advantage f clarity and cnfidence.
D. But there can be a dwnside t cncentratin n ne big thing.
E. Hwever, hedgehgs remain pen t thers’ reactins and inputs.
F. When smething is cntradictry t their view, they dn’t treat it as exceptinal.
G. They cme dwn squarely n ne side r the ther and fully supprt their psitin.
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. D 19. F 20. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了拥有“刺猬”型思维方式和“狐狸”型思维方式的两类人对于个人和企业建立信誉度的优劣势。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Hedgehg thinkers tend t answer yes.(拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人倾向于给出肯定的答案)” 可知，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人倾向于给出肯定的答案，G项中They 指代上文中的Hedgehg，G项“他们明确地站在一边或另一边，并全力支持自己的立场”说明拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人往往有明确的立场，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“They fcus n ne thing and d it really well. They figure ut what they are gd at. (他们专注于一件事并把它做得很好。他们知道自己擅长什么)”可知，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人具备优点，他们可以专注于一件事并知道自己擅长什么。C项“因此，他们的优势是（头脑）清楚和自信”进一步说明拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人的优点，承接上文，符合语境。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据下文“He has fund that hedgehgs are nt nly wrng mre ften than fxes, but that they are less likely t recgnise r admit that they are wrng when events d nt match their predictins. (他发现，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人不仅比拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人更容易出错，而且当事情与他们的预测不相符时他们不太可能意识到，也不太可能承认自己错了)”可知，此处介绍拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人的缺点。D项“但是，把注意力集中在一件大事上可能会有不利的一面” 引出下文，介绍拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人具备缺点，符合语境。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文“The advantage that fxes have is that they are mre likely t seek ut new infrmatin frm a brader range f surces, and are cmfrtable with uncertainty and new infrmatin. (“狐狸”型思维方式的人的优势在于，他们更有可能从更广泛的来源中寻找新信息，并且对不确定性和新信息感到舒适)”和下文“They try t include it in their viewpint rather than t exclude it frm their thinking. (他们试图将其纳入自己的观点，而不是将其排除在自己的思维之外)”可知，此处介绍拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人处理事情的方式。F项“当某件事与他们的观点相矛盾时，他们不会把它当作例外”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文“The questin can be answered in a fxy hedgehg style. (这个问题可以用“像狐狸的刺猬”风格来回答)”和下文“The chice between being a hedgehg r a fx is a false trade-ff. (成为拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人还是拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人的选择是一种错误的权衡)”可知，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人和拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人各有优势。A项“换句话说，两者都有其明显的优势”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
三、完形填空(1分，15分)
I had struggled with math since furth grade, but wrked very hard t ___21___ the smart students arund me. In eleventh grade, much t my classmates ___22___, I signed up fr precalculus BC, the hardest math class. That was when I met Mr. Dena and tld him I had ___23___ in math, yet I wuld try my hardest. He was cnvinced I culd succeed ___24___ the dubts frm my classmates.
Mr. Dena kept an unfrgettable ___25___ by Sir Isaac Newtn n his chalk bard: “If I have been able t see further, it is nly because I stand n the shulders f giants.” He reflected n that thrughut the year and was ___26___ t teach us mre than math.
Mr. Dena ccasinally gave partner tests, believing that we culd slve hard prblems tgether. He drew names ut f a hat t ___27___ partners. Students were ___28___ ut lud that they wuldn't be paired with me. As the “lucky” name was ___29___, the class burst int laughter. My partner jked abut being ____30____ with me. Hwever, we wrked well tgether and surprised everyne with ur ____31____ n this test. I learned s much frm my classmates and I realized this was really ____32____ we had partner tests.
The final exam was Mr. Dena's final ____33____ t us, but I failed it. I tld him I didn't understand hw I culd d s ____34____ n a test when I had studied s hard. He explained it's nt abut the grades; it's abut true understanding. If studying didn't ____35____ n a test, it wuld smeday. I knew then that ____36____ passing r failing tests, studying was abut hard wrk and effrt. And I ____37____ myself harder than I ever had.
T be challenged in math really changed the way I ____38____ ther challenges in life. I wasn't ging t let a grade stp me frm learning sme f the best lessns f my life. Mr. Dena is ne f the giants that Newtn ____39____. He has helped me see nt nly mre ____40____ ideas than I thught pssible, but wh I can be.
21. A. keep up withB. give in tC. stay away frmD. watch ut fr
22. A. srrwB. delightC. surpriseD. relief
23. A. talentB. methdsC. innvatinD. weaknesses
24. A. in spite fB. in case f
C. in view fD. in cnsequence f
25. A. diaryB. quteC. essayD. letter
26. A. embarrassedB. determinedC. astnishedD. puzzled
27. A. assignB. hnrC. persuadeD. mnitr
28. A. readingB. singingC. prayingD. applauding
29. A. registeredB. changedC. abandnedD. picked
30. A. cncernedB. stuckC. impressedD. cntent
31. A. negtiatinB. mistakeC. perfrmanceD. standard
32. A. whenB. whyC. whereD. hw
33. A. decisinB. challengeC. instructinD. victry
34. A. accuratelyB. carefullyC. effrtlesslyD. prly
35. A. give utB. break dwnC. turn upD. pay ff
36. A. beyndB. withinC. upnD. acrss
37. A. praisedB. defendedC. pushedD. criticized
38. A. viewedB. createdC. ignredD. presented
39. A. admiresB. establishesC. measuresD. describes
40. A. scialB. mathematicalC. psychlgicalD. mral
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. B 34. D 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. B
【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从四年级开始学数学就很吃力，同学们都不愿意和作者进行小组活动，但作者却很努力，微积分课程的老师Mr. Dena让作者理解到了学习不是关乎于考试，而是努力和付出，付出终会有回报的。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从四年级开始，我的数学就很困难，但是我努力赶上我周围那些最聪明的学生。A. keep up with赶上；B. give in t向……屈服；C. stay away frm远离；D. watch ut fr注意，留意。根据空前的“but wrked very hard t”转折but可知，尽管我的数学学起来很费力，但我还是尽力追上、赶上周围的同学，故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我的同学惊讶的是，我报名了微积分BC这一课程，最难的数学课。A. srrw伤心；B. delight高兴；C. surprise惊讶；D. relief轻松。根据前文“I had struggled with math since furth grade”可知，我本身学数学就有一定的困难，但我却报名了最难的数学课，这让我的同学很惊讶，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是当我遇到Mr. Dena的时候，我告诉他，我在数学上有一定的弱点，但我会尽最大的努力。A. talent天赋；B. methds方法；C. innvatin创新；D. weaknesses弱点，劣势。根据前文“I had struggled with math since furth grade”可知，我本身学数学就有一定的困难，因此我告诉Mr. Dena，我学数学有一定的劣势，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：他让我相信，即使同学怀疑我，但我还是能成功。A. in spite f尽管；B. in case f以防……； C. in view f鉴于；D. in cnsequence f因为，由于……的结果。根据空后“the dubts frm my classmates.”可知，即使我学数学有困难，即使同学对我有怀疑，但他让我相信，我还是能成功，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mr. Dena在黑板上留下了Sir Isaac Newtn的一句难忘的话：“如果我能看得更远，那是因为我站在巨人肩膀上。”A. diary日记；B. qute引文，引语；C. essay论文；D. letter信。根据后文“Sir Isaac Newtn n his chalk bard: “If I have been able t see further, it is nly because I stand n the shulders f giants.””可知，后文提到Mr. Dena引用了的Sir Isaac Newtn一句话，写在黑板上，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他一整年都在思考这一点，并决定要教我们除了数学以外更多的东西。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. determined有决心的；C. astnished惊讶的；D. puzzled困惑的。根据空前“He reflected n that thrughut the year”可知，他全年都在思考“如果我能看得更远，那只是因为我站在巨人肩膀上”这一点，因此下定决心要教我们除了数学以外更多的东西，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从帽子里抽出名字来分配搭档。A. assign分配；B. hnr尊敬；C. persuade说服；D. mnitr监视。根据前文“Mr. Dena ccasinally gave partner tests”可知，他会给我们进行小组测试，因此从帽子里抽出名字来分配搭档，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同学都大声祈祷不要跟我分在一组。A. reading阅读；B. singing唱歌；C. praying祈祷；D. applauding鼓掌。根据前文“I had struggled with math since furth grade”可知，我学数学有一定的困难，因此在分组的时候，同学都大声祈祷不要跟我分在一组，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当“幸运的”名字被挑选出来时，同学们都大笑起来。A. registered注册；B. changed改变；C. abandned抛弃；D. picked挑选。根据前文“He drew names ut f a hat”可知，Mr. Dena从帽子里抽出名字来分配搭档，因此当“幸运儿”的名字被选出来的时候，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的搭档开玩笑说被我缠住了。A. cncerned关心的；B. stuck被困的，被缠住的；C. impressed印象深刻的；D. cntent满意的。根据前文“Students were _____ ut lud that they wuldn't be paired with me.”可知，同学们都不想和我一组，因此我的搭档开玩笑说被我缠住了，我会拖累他，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们合作得很好，并用我们在这次考试的成绩震惊了每个人。A. negtiatin谈判；B. mistake错误；C. perfrmance表现，成绩；D. standard标准。根据空后“n this test”可知，我们合作得很好，用考试的成绩震惊了每个人，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我从同学那里学到了很多，并且我意识到，这也就是为什么我们有小组测试。A. when当……时候；B. why为什么；C. where哪里；D. hw怎样。根据空后“we had partner tests”可知，我们进行小组测试的原因是因为我们能从搭档那里学到很多东西，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：期末考试就是Mr. Dena对我们最后的考验，但我没能通过考试。A. decisin决定；B. challenge挑战，考验；C. instructin指导；D. victry胜利。根据前文“The final exam”可知，期末考试是Mr. Dena对我们最后的考验，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他，我学习如此努力了，怎么还能在考得这么差。A. accurately准确地；B. carefully小心地；C. effrtlessly不费力地；D. prly差地。根据空后“when I had studied s hard”可知，我感到很疑惑，为什么我这么努力，考试成绩却这么差，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：如果学习没有在考试上得到回报，那终有一天会有回报的。A. give ut泄露，分发；B. break dwn垮掉；C. turn up出现；D. pay ff取得回报。根据后文“He explained it's nt abut the grades; it's abut true understanding.”可知，Mr. Dena解释道，学习是理解，而不是分数，因此如果努力没有在测试上取得回报，那终有一天会有回报的，故选D。
【36题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我知道了，学习是超出通过或者没通过考试的范围，是关乎于努力和汗水的。A. beynd超出……范围；B. within在……范围以内；C. upn在……上；D. acrss跨越。根据后文“studying was abut hard wrk and effrt.”可知，学习是关乎于努力和付出的，超出了通过考试或者没通过考试的范围，故选A。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我督促自己比之前更加努力了。A. praised表扬；B. defended辩护；C. pushed督促，催促；D. criticized批评。根据前文“I knew then that ______ passing r failing tests, studying was abut hard wrk and effrt.”可知，我理解到学习不是关于考试是否通过，而且关乎于努力和付出的，因此我督促自己比之前更加努力了，故选C。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：挑战数学真的改变了我看到生活中的挑战的方式。A. viewed看待；B. created创造；C. ignred忽视；D. presented呈现。根据空前“T be challenged in math really changed the way”可知，挑战数学改变了我看到生活中的挑战的方式，故选A。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mr. Dena就是Newtn描述的巨人之一。A. admires钦佩；B. establishes建立；C. measures测量；D. describes描述。根据前文“Sir Isaac Newtn n his chalk bard: “If I have been able t see further, it is nly because I stand n the shulders f giants.””可知，Newtn说过，“如果我能看得更远，那只是因为我站在巨人肩膀上”，而作者就将Mr. Dena视为Newtn描述的巨人之一，让作者看得更远，故选D。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不仅让我看到了比我想象的更多的数学改变，还让我看到了我能成为什么。A. scial社会的；B. mathematical有关数学的；C. psychlgical心理的；D. mral道德上的。根据前文“I signed up fr precalculus BC, the hardest math class. That was when I met Mr. Dena”可知，Mr. Dena是我的数学老师，因此让我看到了比我想象的更多的数学概念，故选B。
四、写作(40分)
41. 假定你是李华，你校羽毛球俱乐部(badmintn club)下周将举行校羽毛球比赛，请写一封邮件， 邀请你的外国朋友Sam与你一起观看比赛，内容包括：
1. 比赛安排；
2. 见面时间、地点；
3. 表示期待。
注意：（1）词数80字左右（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sam,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Sam,
I’m extremely excited t tell yu that ur schl badmintn club will hld the cmpetitin at 3 ’clck in the afternn next Friday. Knwing that yu’re rather interested in it, I’m sure yu will want t watch it.
As scheduled, the match will take place in the schl gym beside the lecture building. Therefre, if it is cnvenient fr yu, hw abut meeting at the schl gate at 2:45 n Friday afternn? There is n dubt that yur will be greatly impressed with the excellent skills f the players and have a better understanding f the fascinatin f this sprt.
Lking frward t yur participating.
Sincerely,
Li Hua
42. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Kevin was pretty bred. His mther was at wrk, and his father had been away n business. Therefre, he was left in the care f Mrs. Hill, an ld lady wh lived next dr. His parents had raised the 12-year-ld t be a gd by. He never gt int truble, thugh smetimes he wanted t d risky things. Mrs. Hill was asleep. Kevin sighed (叹息) and hped smething exciting wuld happen. Suddenly, a mvement utside caught his eye.
Mrs. Hill’s frnt windw faced Mr. and Mrs. Green’s huse acrss the street. The cuple had bth gne t wrk, s it was strange that smene was ver there. Kevin stared at the man at their frnt dr. Suddenly, the man jumped thrugh an pen windw int the huse. With his heart in his muth, Kevin grabbed Mrs. Hill’s hme phne and called the plice.
Thinking that the man might get away with whatever he wanted befre the plice arrived, Kevin decided t d smething. He rushed ut f Mrs. Hill’s huse and crssed the street quickly. Grabbing a branch frm a cut-dwn tree, he jumped in thrugh the windw. “Stp right there! Yu must leave right nw!” he called ut, hlding the branch with bth hands.
The man frze fr a secnd, but when he saw the skinny by he breathed a sigh f relief. “Hey, kid, put that dwn. It was my hme. My parents used t live here and my father’s watch was here,” he explained, trying t lift a flrbard.
At that mment, the sunds f a plice car eched (回响) in the air. The man std up in a panic, then ran thrugh the huse tward the windw and jumped ut. Kevin fllwed ut and tld the arriving plice fficers what had happened. They pursued and arrested the man.
Kevin went back t Mrs. Hill’s huse. Smehw he wasn’t sure he had dne the right thing. “What if he has tld the truth?” he thught t himself. The man’s wrds sunded pretty cnvincing.
注意：
(1)续写词数应为150左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: When Mr. and Mrs. Green gt hme, Kevin went t talk t them.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: Kevin and Mr. Green tk the watch they had fund t the plice statin.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
When Mr. and Mrs. Green gt hme, Kevin went t talk t them. He tld them everything that had happened and expressed his dubts abut whether the man was really a thief. Mr. Green listened carefully and then smiled. “Yu did a very brave thing, Kevin. That man is indeed a thief. He has a criminal recrd. Our huse was nce brken int by him years ag. He prbably came back fr revenge r t steal smething else.” Kevin felt relieved t hear that. He was glad he had trusted his initial judgment and taken actin.
Kevin and Mr. Green tk the watch they had fund t the plice statin. The plice were very grateful fr their help. They cnfirmed that the watch was ne f the items stlen frm Mr. and Mrs. Green’s huse in the previus burglary. The thief was later charged with theft and ther crimes. Kevin became a lcal her. His parents were extremely prud f him. Frm that day n, Kevin realized that smetimes taking risks and standing up fr what was right culd bring psitive results, and he was mre determined t be a brave and just persn in the future.