2023届上海市闵行区高三下学期二模英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份2023届上海市闵行区高三下学期二模英语试卷（解析版），共26页。试卷主要包含了 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考生注意：
1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸规定的地方张贴条形码并填写考生号和姓名。
I. Listening Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1. A. She prefers t stay hme. B. She accepts the man’s advice.
C. She wants t d smething else. D. She desn’t like a lng walk.
2 . A. He needs a shwer urgently. B. He desn’t need anything.
C. He wants t drink smething. D. He isn’t sweating at the mment.
3. A. She prefers t eat ut. B. She is nt hungry at all.
C. She has a lt t d in the kitchen. D. She wants t make their wn fd.
4. A. Skating is t hard t learn. B. The wman shuld quit skating.
C. Skating isn’t t hard fr him. D. The wman shuld keep trying.
5. A. Give up the game. B. Make a new plan.
C. Have tugh training. D. Avid the ppnent.
6. A. He desn’t like the rle. B. He lacks cnfidence.
C. He needs t knw the rle well. D. He shuld remember every wrd.
7. A. The fd tastes differently. B. The man shuld see a different view.
C. The fd is wrth the price. D. The prices n the menu are ridiculus.
8. A. A past verseas experience. B. A cmputer game.
C. A cming vacatin plan. D. An imaginary situatin.
9. A. Practice the presentatin. B. Simplify the presentatin.
C. Leave ut the middle part. D. Ask fr mre time fr the presentatin.
10. A. He will leave the bike utside. B. The bike needs t be repaired.
C. He desn’t need the bike anymre. D. The bike is in gd cnditin.
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f the passages and the cnversatin. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne wuld be the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing speech.
11. A. Students f West Side Schl. B. The West Side Schl art teacher.
C. Authrity f West Side Schl. D. The Califrnian gvernment.
12. A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4.
13. A. The unexpected charm f art. B. A prject beneficial t students.
C. Gratitude frm the htline callers. D. Messages frm kids make differences.
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing speech.
14. A. Birds’ physical characteristics. B. The migrating patterns f birds.
C. The size f bird ppulatin. D. The behavir f migrating birds.
15. A. They becme tired f their partners. B. They can’t reach hme at the same time.
C. They are likely t find new mates. D. They have cnflicts during the flight.
16. A. They are able t keep pace with their partners.
B. They migrate shrter distances than ther birds.
C. They d nt have t migrate fr fd.
D. They have little chance t meet new mates.
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17. A. The theme is t hard t understand. B. The sund is t frightening.
C. The pening images are t vilent. D. The language is unacceptable.
18. A. The dialect. B. The cnversatin.
C. The backgrund. D. The plt.
19. A. It makes the bk unusual. B. It makes the characters vivid.
C. It makes the dialgues humrus. D. It makes the bk easy t read.
20. A. The film is fficially prhibited t children because f vilence in it.
B. The wman finds that the film is mre interesting than the bk.
C. The man believes the film is fairly priced and recmmends seeing it.
D. The man has negative cmments bth n the bk and the film.
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Humans have been living and wrking n the space statin fr ver 20 years. Their meals are packaged, thugh smetimes astrnauts receive fresh treats ___1___ resupply missins. The lnger that packaged fd is stred, the mre ___2___ may lse nutrients.
Astrnauts have successfully grwn 10 different crps n the space statin since 2015 and had the chance ___3___ (taste) each ne. The Internatinal Space Statin hsted a party fr astrnauts n Friday as they celebrated the harvest f the first chili peppers ___4___ (raise) in space.
Plant Habitat-04 was ne f the mst cmplex plant experiments n the rbiting labratry ___5___ peppers tk much lnger t grw than the previus experiment plants there. After grwing fr fur mnths, the peppers ___6___ (harvest) n Friday. When the vegetables were ready t eat, the astrnauts als cmpleted a sensry assessment. They rated the flavr, clr, appearance, and taste f the prduce t see ___7___ the labr ver their greens prved fruitful as a supplement t prepackaged space fd.
Fresh greens, like peppers, prvide a great surce f key nutrients, which are essential t human bdies. Fresh greens als have psychlgical benefits. They can help t keep mrale (士气) and prvide a sense f nrmalcy (正常) n missins ___8___ all the cnditins are distinctively different frm the earth. Fresh greens make a lng-duratin missin ___9___ (bearable) by prviding a taste f hme.
Lking t the future, the plant experiments have the ptential t significantly impact the sustainability f space explratin. They ____10____, ne day, prvide a fd surce fr lng-term habitatin f Mars and ther planets.
【答案】1. frm##thrugh
2. it 3. t taste
4. raised 5. because##as##since##fr
6. were harvested
7. whether##if
8. where 9. mre bearable
10. can##may##culd##might
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了自2015年以来，宇航员已经在空间站成功种植了十种不同的作物，并有机会品尝每一种。周五，国际空间站为宇航员举办了一个派对，庆祝收获了第一批在太空种植的辣椒。
【1题详解】
考查介词。句意：他们的食物是包装好的，尽管有时宇航员会从（通过）补给任务中获得新鲜的食物。表示“从……中”或“通过”应用介词frm或thrugh。故填frm/ thrugh。
【2题详解】
考查代词。句意：包装食品储存的时间越长，其营养损失就越大。此处指代上文packaged fd，应用代词it。故填it。
【3题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：自2015年以来，宇航员已经在空间站成功种植了十种不同的作物，并有机会品尝每一种。名词chance后跟不定式作后置定语。故填t taste。
【4题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：周五，国际空间站为宇航员举办了一个派对，庆祝收获了第一批在太空种植的辣椒。分析句子结构可知raise与逻辑主语the first chili peppers构成被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，表被动和完成。故填raised。
【5题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：“植物栖息地-04”是轨道实验室中最复杂的植物实验之一，因为辣椒的生长时间比之前的实验植物长得多。引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用because/as/since/fr。故填because/as/since/fr。
【6题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：经过四个月的生长，这些辣椒于周五收获。主语peppers与谓语harvest构成被动关系，且根据后文n Friday可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填were harvested。
【7题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：当这些蔬菜可以吃的时候，宇航员还完成了一个感官评估。他们对这些蔬菜的味道、颜色、外观和味道进行打分，看看这些蔬菜作为预先包装的太空食品的补充是否有益。引导宾语从句，从句表示“是否”应用whether或if。故填whether/if。
【8题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它们可以帮助保持士气，并在所有条件与地球截然不同的任务中提供一种正常的感觉。定语从句修饰先行词missins，从句缺少地点状语，故用where引导。故填where。
【9题详解】
考查比较级。句意：新鲜的蔬菜提供了一种家的味道，使长期的任务更容易忍受。表示“更容易忍受”应用比较级，故填mre bearable。
【10题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：有一天，它们可以/可能为火星和其他行星的长期居住提供食物来源。后跟动词原形，结合句意表示“可能”、“可以”应用情态动词can/may/culd /might。故填can/may/culd /might。
Sectin B
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
On TikTk, “Self-care” has 28.2 billin views, while the hashtag (主题标签) can be fund n ver 66 millin Instagram psts. Als, bks abut self-care ften ___11___ many peple’s shpping lists.
On the ___12___, it makes cmplete sense. Wh wuldn’t like the idea f making neself feel better and taking care f their mind, bdy and sul? Yet, we have t be careful nt t view self-care as a cure-all slutin t ur prblems. Self-care ____13____ withut awareness f yur specific needs and cnsistent (一致的) evaluatin can cause emtinal, financial, mental and physical cnsequences.
Accrding t Zishan Khan, a psychlgist with Mindpath Health, self-care can lead t a persn becming frustrated when met with a sea f suggestins, which ___14___ everywhere frm pdcasts t self-help bks. “S, dn’t allw what thers suggest t ____15____ yur internal vice,” says Khan. “Self-care can nly benefit a persn if it’s cnsistent with their gals and values.”
Khan further emphasizes the danger f uncntrlled physically-centered self-care advice, such as frm influencers. “Their ___16___ ften verly fcuses n beauty and imprving ne’s lks. This can unintentinally lead t bdy image cncern and thus actually wrsen ne’s mental health,” she says.
Anther danger can cme when self-care actins reach the level f ___17___, says Melissa Budin, a psychlgist f Chsing Therapy. “When yu spend a large amunt f time thinking abut r practicing a certain self-care behavir, this may be that self-care has gne frm beneficial t harmful,” she says, using the example f self-care thrugh healthy eating and then ging s far as t ____18____ an eating disrder.
Lena Suarez-Angelin, a(n) ____19____ clinical scial wrker, has recmmended creating a list f activities that make yu feel better but dn’t ____20____ yu. Wrthwhile and beneficial self-care may include anything frm time with lved nes t walking. While self-care is imprtant, it shuld nt be verdne.
【答案】11. F 12. G
13. E 14. I
15. J 16. A
17. H 18. C
19. K 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了心理学家指出，自我护理可能会导致一个人在遇到从播客到自助书籍等无处不在的建议时感到沮丧。
【11题详解】
考查动词。句意：此外，关于自我护理的书籍经常名列许多人的购物清单之首。结合句意表示“名列……之首”可知应填动词tp，根据ften可知为一般现在时，主语为复数名词，谓语用原形。故填tp。故选F。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：从表面上看，这完全有道理。结合句意表示“从表面上看”可知应填名词surface，作宾语。故填surface。故选G。
【13题详解】
考查动词。句意：在没有意识到自己的具体需求和一致评估的情况下进行自我护理，可能会造成情绪、经济、心理和身体上的后果。结合句意表示“追求”可知应填动词pursue，与Self-care构成被动关系，故用过去分词，作后置定语。故填pursued。故选E。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：据心理健康心理学家Zishan Khan说，自我护理可能会导致一个人在遇到从播客到自助书籍等无处不在的建议时感到沮丧。结合句意表示“出现”可知应填动词emerge，作从句谓语，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，先行词为suggestins，谓语用原形。故填emerge。故选I。
【15题详解】
考查动词。句意：Khan说：“所以，不要让其他人的建议蒙蔽了你的内心。”结合句意表示“蒙蔽”可知应填动词clud，且为短语allw sth. t d sth.。故填clud。故选J。
【16题详解】
考查名词。句意：它们的内容往往过于关注美丽和改善一个人的容貌。结合句意表示“内容”可知应填名词cntent，作主语，故填cntent。故选A。
【17题详解】
考查名词。句意：选择治疗的心理学家Melissa Budin说，当自我护理行为达到上瘾的程度时，另一个危险就会出现。结合句意表示“上瘾”可知应填名词addictin，作宾语。故填addictin。故选H。
【18题详解】
考查动词。句意：“当你花大量时间思考或实践某种自我保健行为时，这可能是自我保健已经从有益变为有害，”她说，以通过健康饮食进行自我保健为例，然后发展到饮食失调。结合句意表示“发展”可知应填动词develp，此处作用不定式作结果状语，空处填动词原形。故填develp。故选C。
【19题详解】
考查形容词。句意：Lena Suarez-Angelin是一名执业临床社会工作者，她建议创建一个活动清单，让你感觉更好，但又不会让你过度劳累。结合句意表示“得到许可的”可知应填形容词licensed，作定语。故填licensed。故选K。
【20题详解】
考查动词。句意：Lena Suarez-Angelin是一名执业临床社会工作者，她建议创建一个活动清单，让你感觉更好，但又不会让你过度劳累。结合句意表示“过度劳累”可知应填动词verextend，dn’t后接动词原形。故填verextend。故选B。
Ⅲ. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
What will yu d when yu are hungry? Of curse, anyne wuld g and grab smething t eat. And then, what determines the ___21___ f fd yu take in? Yu may nt be right if yur answer is the degree f hunger. The cnventinal cncept that ____22____ is the key factr is pen t challenge. In recent years, a grwing bdy f research has shwn that ur appetite and fd intake (摄入) are influenced by a large number f factrs besides ur ____23____ need fr energy. Sme f the factrs include ur eating ____24____ and ur perceptin f the fd in frnt f us.
Studies have shwn that ____25____ eating, fr instance, eating while watching TV, r a similar distractin, can increase bth hunger and fd cnsumptin. Even simple ____26____ clues, like plate size and lighting, have been shwn t affect cnsumptin.
A new study suggested that ur shrt-term ____27____ als may play a rle in appetite. Several hurs after a meal, peple’s hunger levels were predicted nt by hw much they’d eaten but rather by hw much fd they’d seen in frnt f them — ____28____ , hw much they remembered eating.
This difference suggests that the recall f ur previus meal may have a bigger influence n ur ___29___ than the actual size f the meal, says Jeffrey M. Brunstrm, a prfessr f experimental psychlgy at the University f Bristl.
These findings agree with the earlier research that suggests ur perceptin f fd can smetimes ______30______ ur bdy’s respnse t the fd itself. In a 2011 study, fr instance, peple wh drank the same 380-calrie milkshake n tw ______31______ ccasins prduced different levels f hunger-related hrmnes (荷尔蒙), depending n whether the shake’s ______32______ said it cntained 620 r 140 calries. Mrever, the participants reprted feeling ______33______ when they thught they’d cnsumed a higher-calries shake.
What des this mean t ur eating habits? Althugh it hardly seems practical t cheat urselves int eating less, the new findings d highlight the benifit f fcusing n ur fd, aviding TV and multitasking while eating. The s-called mindful-eating strategies can fight against ______34______ while we are eating. By ______35______ mindful eating techniques, yu have the pprtunity t change yur current eating habits by becming mre self-aware and in tune t yur bdy’s hunger cues.
21. A. qualityB. amuntC. nutrientD. variety
22. A. deliciusnessB. hungerC. nutritinD. flavr
23. A. ccasinalB. ptentialC. externalD. bilgical
24. A. envirnmentB. cntentC. timeD. ability
25. A. habitualB. purpsefulC. unfcusedD. absrbed
26. A. ptinalB. visualC. hiddenD. flexible
27. A. vacancyB. hungerC. supplyD. memry
28. A. in ther wrdsB. as a whleC. by all meansD. all in all
29. A. mtiveB. grwthC. appetiteD. health
30. A. advcateB. trickC. justifyD. enhance
31. A. identicalB. alternativeC. dependentD. separate
32. A. labelB. functinC. usageD. material
33. A. wiserB. healthierC. happierD. fuller
34. A. distressB. wasteC. distractinD. fullness
35. A. emplyingB. perceivingC. clarifyingD. assuming
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了影响食物摄入量的因素以及饮食策略。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，是什么决定了你摄入的食物量？A. quality质量；B. amunt数量；C. nutrient营养物质；D. variety类别。根据第3空所在的“In recent years, a grwing bdy f research has shwn that ur appetite and fd intake (摄入) are influenced by a large number f factrs besides ur 3 need fr energy. ”可知，此处讨论的是事物的摄入量，故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：饥饿是关键因素的传统观念是可以挑战的。A. deliciusness美味；B. hunger饥饿；C. nutritin营养；D. flavr味道。根据前文的“Yu may nt be right if yur answer is the degree f hunger.”(如果你的答案是饥饿的程度，那么你可能是不对的)可知，传统的观念认为饥饿是影响食物摄入量的关键因素，故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：近年来，越来越多的研究表明，我们的食欲和食物摄入量除了我们对能量的生理需求外，还受到许多因素的影响。A. ccasinal偶然的；B. ptential潜在的；C. external外部的；D. bilgical生理的。此处的需求指的是饥饿，这是人的一种生理需求，故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中一些因素包括我们的饮食环境和我们对面前食物的感知。A. envirnment环境；B. cntent内容；C. time时间；D. ability能力。根据第5空的“Studies have shwn that 5 eating, fr instance, eating while watching TV, r a similar distractin, can increase bth hunger and fd cnsumptin.”( 研究表明，饮食，例如，边看电视边吃，或类似的分心行为，会增加饥饿感和食物消耗。)可知，此处指的是饮食环境会影响食物摄入量，故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，不集中注意力的饮食，例如，边看电视边吃，或类似的分心行为，会增加饥饿感和食物消耗。A. habitual习惯的；B. purpseful故意的；C. unfcused心不在焉的；D. absrbed全神贯注的。根据“eating while watching TV”可知，此处指的是不集中注意力地吃饭，故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使是简单的视觉线索，如盘子大小和照明，也被证明会影响消费。A. ptinal选择的；B. visual视觉的；C. hidden隐藏的；D. flexible灵活的。根据“like plate size and lighting”可知，这些指的是视觉影响，故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一项新的研究表明，我们的短期记忆也可能在食欲中发挥作用。A. vacancy空缺；B. hunger饥饿；C. supply供给；D. memry记忆。根据第8空的“hw much they remembered eating”可知，此处指的是短期记忆的影响，故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：饭后几个小时，人们的饥饿程度不是通过他们吃了多少来预测的，而是通过他们已经看到面前有多少食物来预测的——换句话说，就是他们记得吃了多少。A. in ther wrds换句话说；B. as a whle作为整体；C. by all means千方百计；D. all in all总而言之。根据句意可知，后半句是对前句的解释说明，“换句话说”，故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：布里斯托尔大学实验心理学教授杰弗里·M·布伦斯特罗姆说，这种差异表明，记起上一顿饭对我们的食欲的影响可能比实际饭量更大。A. mtive动机；B. grwth成长；C. appetite胃口；D. health健康。本文主要谈论对饭量，即胃口的影响因素，故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些发现与早期的研究一致，早期的研究表明，我们对食物的感知有时会欺骗我们身体对食物本身的反应。A. advcate倡议；B. trick欺骗；C. justify为……辩解、说明；D. enhance巩固。根据后文的“peple wh drank the same 380-calrie milkshake n tw ccasins prduced different levels f hunger-related hrmnes ”可知，此处指的是我们对事物的感知带来的欺骗性，故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，在2011年的一项研究中，在两个不同的场合喝同一杯380卡路里的奶昔的人产生了不同水平的饥饿相关激素, 这取决于奶昔的标签上说它含有620卡路里还是140卡路里。A. identical同样的；B. alternative可供选择的；C. dependent依赖的；D. separate分隔的。根据语境可知，这是一个对比实验，在不同的场合喝同样的食物，符合实验逻辑，故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. label标签；B. functin功能；C. usage用途；D. material材料。根据常识可知，食物的卡路里数量一般标记在标签上，故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，参与者报告说，当他们认为自己摄入了更高热量的奶昔时，会感到更饱。A. wiser更明智的；B. healthier更健康的；C. happier更开心的；D. fuller更饱的。根据前文提到欺骗性可知，当参与者认为自己吃了更高热量的食物时，会觉得更饱，这正是欺骗性的一种体现，故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所谓的正念饮食策略可以在我们吃饭时对抗分心。A. distress忧虑、悲伤；B. waste废物；C. distractin分散注意力；D. fullness饱。根据前文提到的不集中注意力的饮食会增加饮食消耗可知，我们需要对抗这种饮食中的分心来控制食物摄入量，故选C项。
35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过使用注意饮食的技巧，你有机会通过变得更加自我意识和适应身体的饥饿提示来改变你目前的饮食习惯。A. emplying雇佣，运用；B. perceiving感知；C. clarifying澄清；D. assuming假定。根据“mindful eating techniques”可知，此处指的是采用正念饮食策略，故选A项。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have read.
(A)
When I step ut nt the deck, I definitely feel the Arctic chill. That’s nt surprising. I’m a gd hundred miles inside the Arctic Circle; in fact, yu can’t get much farther nrth and still be in Sweden. This is Abisk Muntain Statin, perhaps the crwn jewel f the Swedish muntain ldges (小屋). I’m back fr a secnd time t this remte, scenic spt.
Last Autumn, a heavy snwstrm trapped me in my tent fr days and eventually frced me t g t the statin, a cmfrtable place. I discvered a different side t Abisk. Peple cme here fr many reasns – sme t hike, sme t climb, sme t crss-cuntry ski. But there’s yet anther entirely different attractin here. Lking ut frm the deck f the train statin, abve a huge lake, in the upper sky f the Nrth Ple, the Aurra, as we ften refer t the nrthern light, mixed with green and red, was giving ff ghstly light, rlling acrss the dark night sky.
The Aurra may be ld hat t thse wh live this far nrth, but fr the rest f us it is an unfrgettable experience. The lights here were s appealing t us we quickly frgt the discmfrt f the cld.
One f the attractins in Abisk is the Trnetrask. It’s a huge lake, which extends mre than 70 kilmetres lng just nrth f the statin, creates an unusual weather phenmenn that keeps the skies abve the statin clear even when fg r cluds blanket mst f nrthern Sweden. The sky in this area is mstly clear all year arund.
Abisk has a lt t ffer t make it an ideal place t view the Aurra. It is far frm any city lights. The statin perates a ski lift t the tp f Nulja Peak, mre than 3,000 feet high. Fr the first time this year, a cafe at the tp f the muntain has been turned int a viewing platfrm fr the Nrthern Lights, called the Aurra Sky Statin. Als, the statin psts frecasts each night f expected Aurra activity, cllected frm scientific bservatins arriving via cmputer, s visitrs may chse the best viewing time.
36. What was the reasn fr the authr’s first visit t the ldge?
A. He went there in search f the Aurra.B. He needed equipment t keep him warm.
C. He was frced there by the weather.D. He had t make his fd supply there.
37. The phrase “ld hat” in 3rd paragraph prbably mean “________”.
A. severe and strugglingB. familiar and unexciting
C. strange and shckingD. mysterius and adventurus
38. Accrding t the last paragraph, which f the fllwing is NOT a factr that makes Abisk an ideal place t view the Aurra?
A. There is a muntain viewing platfrm.B. Weather frecasts are available.
C. There are n city lights nearby.D. There is a café shp there.
39. The authr’s verall pinin f Abisk is that ________.
A. despite the severe weather, it’s an impressive place
B. peple have verestimated its ppularity
C. it’s nt as ppular as it deserves t be
D. the cld weather wrsens the Aurra viewing experience there
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了瑞典的阿比斯科，那是一个观赏极光的理想地点。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“This is Abisk Muntain Statin, perhaps the crwn jewel f the Swedish muntain ldges (小屋).(这是阿比斯科山站，也许是瑞典山小屋中皇冠上的明珠)”及第二段中的“Last Autumn, a heavy snwstrm trapped me in my tent fr days and eventually frced me t g t the statin, a cmfrtable place. I discvered a different side t Abisk.(去年秋天,一场暴风雪困在我帐篷数日,最终迫使我去车站,一个舒适的地方。我发现了阿比斯科的另一面)”可推知，作者第一次去小屋，因为他是被天气逼到那里的。故选C。
【37题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“but fr the rest f us it is an unfrgettable experience. The lights here were s appealing t us we quickly frgt the discmfrt f the cld.(但对我们其他人来说，这是一次难忘的经历。这里的光如此吸引我们，我们很快就忘记了寒冷的不适)”可知，上下文存在转折关系。由此推知，极光对于那些生活在遥远北方的人来说可能已经很熟悉了、不再有吸引力。由此可知，划线词组ld hat与familiar and unexciting(熟悉而乏味)意思接近。故选B。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Abisk has a lt t ffer t make it an ideal place t view the Aurra. It is far frm any city lights. The statin perates a ski lift t the tp f Nulja Peak, mre than 3,000 feet high. Fr the first time this year, a cafe at the tp f the muntain has been turned int a viewing platfrm fr the Nrthern Lights, called the Aurra Sky Statin. Als, the statin psts frecasts each night f expected Aurra activity, cllected frm scientific bservatins arriving via cmputer, s visitrs may chse the best viewing time.(阿比斯科有很多可以提供的东西，使它成为观赏极光的理想地点。它远离任何城市的灯光。该车站设有一条滑雪缆车，可直达3000多英尺高的诺奥尔加峰。今年，山顶上的一家咖啡馆首次被改造成北极光的观景台，被称为极光天空站。此外，气象站每天晚上都会发布预计极光活动的预测，这些预测是通过计算机收集的科学观测数据，因此游客可以选择最佳观赏时间)”可知，“阿比斯科有一家咖啡馆”不是使阿比斯科成为观赏极光的理想地点的因素。故选D。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I’m back fr a secnd time t this remte, scenic spt.(这是我第二次回到这个偏僻的风景区)”，第三段中的“The lights here were s appealing t us we quickly frgt the discmfrt f the cld.(这里的光如此吸引我们，我们很快就忘记了寒冷的不适)”及最后一段中的“Abisk has a lt t ffer t make it an ideal place t view the Aurra.(阿比斯科有很多可以提供的东西，使它成为观赏极光的理想地点)”可推知，作者对阿比斯科的总体看法是，尽管天气恶劣，但这是一个令人印象深刻的地方。故选A。
(B)
(Yu may read the questins first.)
40. Which f the fllwing can be put int the blank in the first paragraph?
A. D we need mre experiments?B. D yu understand me?
C. D yu believe the thery?D. Des it make sense?
41. Suppse Jhn is a persn with fresh ideas and willing t check everything ut t see what happens. Which type f learner is Jhn?
A. Type A LearnerB. Type B Learner
C. Type C LearnerD. Type D Learner
42 Which f the fllwing is NOT true abut Type D learner?
A. They are keen n making immediate cnclusin.
B. Their cnclusin cmes after data analysis.
C. They utline a pssible utcme befre taking an activity.
D. They prefer nt t give ut their viewpints randmly.
【答案】40. D 41. B 42. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种类型的学习者。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据设空处上文“They pay great attentin t lgic, s questins they frequently ask are(他们非常注重逻辑，所以他们经常问的问题是)”及下文“Hw des this g with that?(这个和那个怎么搭配？)”可知，A型学习者注重逻辑分析及实用性。由此推知，Des it make sense?(这有意义吗？)属于A型学习者会问的问题，可以放在第一段的空白处。故选D。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据Type B Learner部分中的“These peple are keen n trying ut ideas, theries and techniques t see if they wrk in practice. They psitively search ut new ideas and take the first pprtunity t experiment with applicatins. They want t try ut the new ideas in the curses in practice.(这些人热衷于尝试想法、理论和技术，看看它们在实践中是否有效。他们积极地寻找新的想法，并抓住第一个机会进行应用实验。他们想在实践中试验课程中的新思想)”可知，假设约翰是一个有新想法的人，他愿意检查每件事，看看会发生什么，那么约翰属于B型学习者。故选B。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据Type D Learner部分的“They cllect data, bth first-hand and frm thers, and prefer t think abut it thrughly befre cming t a cnclusin. The thrugh cllectin and analysis f data abut experiences and events is what cunts s they tend t pstpne making definitive judgments fr as lng as pssible. Their philsphy is t be cautius.(他们收集第一手和他人的数据，更喜欢在得出结论之前仔细思考。对经历和事件的数据进行彻底的收集和分析是最重要的，所以他们倾向于尽可能地推迟做出明确的判断。他们的哲学是谨慎)”可知，D型学习者非常谨慎。由此可知，“他们热衷于立即作出结论”的表述不正确。故选A。
(C)
In recent years, a lt f “business thinking” bks have been published, all f which search fr new answers n hw t run rganizatins effectively. Obliquity tells us that the mst prfitable cmpanies are nt the mst aggressive in chasing prfits. Wikinmics demnstrates new mdels f prductin based n cmmunity and cllabratin. Peter Miller’s new bk, Smart Swarm, hwever, challenge leaders t think differently. He studied creatures, like bees and ants and he fund their habits, actins and instincts can be applied t business. Miller believes his bk is the first time anyne has explained the science behind management thery. “The examples f hw ant clnies (蚁群) r beehives (蜂窝) wrk are appealing mdels fr rganizatins and systems that can be applied in a business cntext,” he says.
S hw exactly can bees help run rganizatins? “By the way they wrk independently befre they wrk tgether,” Miller says. “Picture a huge beehive hanging n a tree, with abut 5,000 bees cmpeting fr space. They knw their ppulatin is getting t big, leaving them unsafe. They must all agree t find a new hme. In tday’s business envirnment, managers need t be able t make the right decisins under intense pressure. Yet, it is clear that sme f the best-paid leaders in sme f the biggest rganizatins can get it dramatically wrng. Hw is it that they can fail t make efficient business decisins when a large grup f bees can make a critical decisin abut their hive in just a few secnds?”
Accrding t Miller, “swarm thery” can help managers in three simple steps: discver, test and evaluate. The bees first realize they have a prblem. They then fly int the neighbrhd t find ptential new sites. They cme back and perfrm a “dance” t get ther bees t fllw them. Eventually, the bees with the best dance attract the mst vtes – and a decisin is made. Miller says. “The bee example tells yu that yu need t seek ut diversity in yur team. Yu need t have a way f gathering up quite different ideas s yu can make sure yu pick the right ne.”
Ants, in additin, can help businesses rganize wrkflw and peple. In an ant clny, there is n leader. Ants are self-rganized, and respnd t their envirnment and each ther. One ant n its wn culd nt raid (袭击) a kitchen cupbard, but ne ant telling the next ne that it’s wrth fllwing him t find fd ends up creating a fd chain. “In an ant clny, yu get the right number ging in and ut searching fr fd, yu get the right number taking care f the babies,” Miller says. “As a manager, this can tell yu that yur hierarchy (等级制度) is getting in the way f getting the wrk dne.”
43. Miller believes his bk differs frm ther “business thinking” bks because ________.
A it fcuses n maximizing prfitsB. it supprts the thery with evidence
C. it crrects faults in similar bksD. it justifies the previus thery
44. In the secnd paragraph, the authr indicates that the behavir f bees can shw managers hw t ________.
A. make up fr wrngly made decisinsB. justify exactly what the real prblem is
C. draw the crrect cnclusins quicklyD. keep the team safe under great pressure
45. Accrding t the “swarm thery”, managers need t ________.
A. regard decisin-making as a cperative prcess
B. persuade thers t fllw yur ways f thinking
C. accept different ideas and keep them balanced
D. pick ut a right persn t make the final decisin
46. Which f the fllwing can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. Leadership skills can be develped thrugh practical wrk.
B. Emplyees wrk mre efficiently when rganized by leaders.
C. Strengthened hierarchy is the guarantee f wrk efficiency.
D. Emplyees shuld be allwed t make their wn decisins.
【答案】43. B 44. C 45. A 46. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是Peter Miller所写的Smart Swarm一书中描述的管理理论背后的科学。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Miller believes his bk is the first time anyne has explained the science behind management thery. “The examples f hw ant clnies (蚁群) r beehives (蜂窝) wrk are appealing mdels fr rganizatins and systems that can be applied in a business cntext,” he says.(米勒认为，他的书是第一次有人解释管理理论背后的科学。“蚁群或蜂箱如何工作的例子是可以应用于商业环境的组织和系统的有吸引力的模型，”他说。)”可知，在Miller的书中蚂蚁或者蜜蜂工作的例子可应用于商业环境的组织和系统，由此可知，Miller的书是用证据来支持理论。故选B项。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Hw is it that they can fail t make efficient business decisins when a large grup f bees can make a critical decisin abut their hive in just a few secnds?(一大群蜜蜂能在短短几秒钟内就对他们的蜂巢做出重要决定，为什么他们却不能做出有效的商业决策？)”可知，作者利用反问的形式，说明蜜蜂能在短时间内做出关键决定，管理者也能做出有效的商业决定。故选C项。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Miller says. “The bee example tells yu that yu need t seek ut diversity in yur team. Yu need t have a way f gathering up quite different ideas s yu can make sure yu pick the right ne.”(米勒说。“蜜蜂的例子告诉你，你需要在团队中寻求多样性。你需要有一种方法来收集完全不同的想法，这样你才能确保你选择了正确的想法。”。)”可知，在团队中要寻求多样性，才能确保做出的选择时正确的，这就需要收集团队中的不同想法，所以，群体理论是要求管理者把决策作为合作的过程。故选A项。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Ants, in additin, can help businesses rganize wrkflw and peple. In an ant clny, there is n leader. Ants are self-rganized, and respnd t their envirnment and each ther.(此外，蚂蚁还可以帮助企业组织工作流程和人员。在蚁群里，没有领袖。蚂蚁是自我组织的，它们会对环境和彼此做出反应)”可知，在蚁群中蚂蚁是自己组织的，自己对环境和彼此做出反应，由此可推断，管理者应该允许员工自己做出决定。故选D项。
Sectin C
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Neurscientists (神经科学家) nw knw that brain maturatin (成熟) ccurs far later than previusly thught. Great changes in brain are still taking place during yung adulthd, especially in the regins f decisin making, reasning, cmparing risk and reward, etc. Indeed, sme brain regins d nt reach full maturity until the early 20s. ____47____
Maybe. But it’s nt as simple as it seems fr tw reasns.
1. Different brain regins mature alng with different timetables. ____48____ The part f the brain that handles lgical thinking is usually fully develped by 16, but thse invlved in self-discipline are still develping in yung adulthd. This means they may nt have the same level f emtinal cntrl, which can make them less respnsible fr their actins.
2. ____49____ If it did, we wuldn’t have lived in a sciety that allws teenagers t drive befre they can buy beer. Age bundaries are drawn mainly fr plitical reasns, nt scientific nes. It’s a pity that neurscience wn’t have much f an impact n plitics althugh it is always crrect.
____50____ It is pintless t try t determine the “right” age f maturatin. The Dutch, fr example, allw children t drink alchl at the age f 16 but nt t drive until they are 19. Even if I firmly believe legal decisins shuld refer t neurscience seriusly and it’s a gd idea t lwer the drinking age and raise the driving age, I recgnize that the gvernment might never accept it.
A Science has never had much influence n these decisins.
B. There is n single age at which the teenage brain becmes an adult brain.
C. Hwever, neurscience findings prve t be helpful in making a new bundary.
D. Child grwth pattens differ and hw cultures understand child grwth is s different.
E. Sme peple think this knwledge can help us rethink where we draw legal bundaries between kids and adults.
F. This discvery may well indicate that neurscience can help us better understand the interrelatinship amng different ages.
【答案】47. E 48. B 49. A 50. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些关于大脑成熟的知识以及做出相关决策的原因。
【47题详解】
根据上文“Neurscientists (神经科学家) nw knw that brain maturatin (成熟) ccurs far later than previusly thught. Great changes in brain are still taking place during yung adulthd, especially in the regins f decisin making, reasning, cmparing risk and reward, etc. Indeed, sme brain regins d nt reach full maturity until the early 20s.(神经科学家现在知道，大脑成熟的时间比以前认为的要晚得多。在青年时期，大脑仍在发生巨大的变化，特别是在决策、推理、比较风险和回报等区域。事实上，有些大脑区域直到20岁出头才完全成熟)”可知，上文主要说明了一些关于大脑的知识，本句为本段最后一句，应说明这些知识的作用。故E选项“有些人认为，这些知识可以帮助我们重新思考儿童和成人之间的法律界限”符合语境，故选E。
【48题详解】
根据上文“Different brain regins mature alng with different timetables.(不同大脑区域的成熟伴随着不同的时间表)”以及后文“The part f the brain that handles lgical thinking is usually fully develped by 16, but thse invlved in self-discipline are still develping in yung adulthd. This means they may nt have the same level f emtinal cntrl, which can make them less respnsible fr their actins.(大脑中负责逻辑思维的部分通常在16岁时就发育完全了，但负责自律的部分在青年时期仍在发育。这意味着他们可能没有同样程度的情绪控制，这可能会使他们对自己的行为不那么负责任)”可知，上文提到“不同大脑区域的成熟伴随着不同的时间表”，后文提到了大脑负责自律的部分在青年时期仍在发育，说明青少年的大脑何时成熟并没有一个特定的年轻，故B选项“没有一个特定的年龄使青少年的大脑变成成人的大脑”符合语境，故选B。
【49题详解】
根据后文“If it did, we wuldn’t have lived in a sciety that allws teenagers t drive befre they can buy beer. Age bundaries are drawn mainly fr plitical reasns, nt scientific nes. It’s a pity that neurscience wn’t have much f an impact n plitics althugh it is always crrect.(如果是这样，我们就不会生活在一个允许青少年在买啤酒之前开车的社会。年龄界限的划分主要是出于政治原因，而不是科学原因。遗憾的是，神经科学对政治没有太大影响，尽管它总是正确的)”可知，后文提到“年龄界限的划分主要是出于政治原因，而不是科学原因”，说明科学没有对一些决策产生很大影响，故A选项“科学从来没有对这些决策产生过多大影响”符合语境，故选A。
【50题详解】
根据后文“It is pintless t try t determine the “right” age f maturatin. The Dutch, fr example, allw children t drink alchl at the age f 16 but nt t drive until they are 19. Even if I firmly believe legal decisins shuld refer t neurscience seriusly and it’s a gd idea t lwer the drinking age and raise the driving age, I recgnize that the gvernment might never accept it.(试图确定成熟的“正确”年龄是毫无意义的。例如，荷兰允许16岁的孩子喝酒，但直到19岁才能开车。即使我坚定地认为法律决定应该认真地参考神经科学，降低饮酒年龄和提高驾驶年龄是个好主意，我也承认政府可能永远不会接受它)”可知，后文提到了“荷兰允许16岁的孩子喝酒，但直到19岁才能开车”，说明不同的文化对儿童成长的理解也不同。故D选项“儿童成长模式不同，文化对儿童成长的理解也不同”符合语境，故选D。
Ⅳ. Summary Writing (71)
51. Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint (s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
With the rise f urbanism (城市化), and the attractin f vide games and scial media, cntact with nature is much rarer than in the past. Fr many, there is simply n pprtunity t get muddy. Tday, many parents may secretly wish their children had the chance t pick up a bit f dirt.
Many f the psychlgical benefits f utdr play are already well established. Our brains evlved in natural landscapes. This means that natural scenes prvide the perfect level f stimulatin, which is thught t help recharge the brain when it is tired and easily unfcused. Supprting this thery, ne study frm 2009 fund that children with attentin-deficit hyperactivity disrder (ADHD) (注意力缺陷多动症) were better able t cncentrate fllwing a 20-minute walk in the park, cmpared t a 20-minute walk n the streets f a well-kept urban area. Being clse t grass and trees seemed t have had a beneficial effect n their minds. The authrs recmmended using such “dses f nature” as a safe and accessible way f supprting children with ADHD, alngside ther tls.
Outdr play can als ffer valuable learning experiences. Fr example, the act f shaping and stretching materials like mud r sand can help children develp the way their senses and mvement interact, knwn as sensrimtr (感觉运动) develpment, accrding t the scientists at the University f Palerm, Italy. This allws the child t gradually understand his r her bdily signals.
Given the knwn psychlgical benefits, many day-care centers and schls are already encuraging greater cntact with nature: utdr lessns, regular nature walks and the cnstructin f mud kitchens that encurage children t play in the dirt.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】A pssible versin:
Urbanizatin and technlgy have made it difficult fr children t be clse t nature. Actually, utdr play has many psychlgical benefits, such as recharging the brain and imprving cncentratin, which is particularly beneficial fr children with ADHD. Meanwhile, utdr play can help children develp their sensrimtr skill thrugh learning experience. Realizing these benefits, many rganizatins are ffering utdr activities.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说城市化和科技发展使得孩子们很难接近大自然。事实上，户外游戏有很多心理上的好处，比如给大脑充电，提高注意力，这对患有多动症的儿童尤其有益。同时，户外游戏可以帮助孩子通过学习体验发展他们的感觉运动技能。意识到这些好处，许多组织都提供户外活动。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①With the rise f urbanism (城市化), and the attractin f vide games and scial media, cntact with nature is much rarer than in the past.
②Many f the psychlgical benefits f utdr play are already well established.
③This means that natural scenes prvide the perfect level f stimulatin, which is thught t help recharge the brain when it is tired and easily unfcused. Supprting this thery, ne study frm 2009 fund that children with attentin-deficit hyperactivity disrder (ADHD) (注意力缺陷多动症) were better able t cncentrate fllwing a 20-minute walk in the park, cmpared t a 20-minute walk n the streets f a well-kept urban area.
④Outdr play can als ffer valuable learning experiences. Fr example, the act f shaping and stretching materials like mud r sand can help children develp the way their senses and mvement interact, knwn as sensrimtr (感觉运动) develpment, accrding t the scientists at the University f Palerm, Italy.
⑤Given the knwn psychlgical benefits, many day-care centers and schls are already encuraging greater cntact with nature: utdr lessns, regular nature walks and the cnstructin f mud kitchens that encurage children t play in the dirt.
2.缜密构思将第2、3两个要点进行简化重组，将第4个要点进行简化整合。
3.遣词造句Urbanizatin and technlgy have made it difficult fr children t be clse t nature. Actually, utdr play has many psychlgical benefits, such as recharging the brain and imprving cncentratin, which is particularly beneficial fr children with ADHD. Meanwhile, utdr play can help children develp their sensrimtr skill thrugh learning experience. Realizing these benefits, many rganizatins are ffering utdr activities.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Actually, utdr play has many psychlgical benefits, such as recharging the brain and imprving cncentratin, which is particularly beneficial fr children with ADHD.运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第二段进行了概括。其中动名词短语和which引导的非限定性定语从句等。。
[高分句型2] Realizing these benefits, many rganizatins are ffering utdr activities.运用现在分词作状语概括了第五段内容，用法比较高级。
V. Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
52. 考虑到学生的实际需求，学校餐厅周末向学生开放。(pen)(汉译英)
【答案】Cnsidering the actual needs f the students, the schl canteen is pen t students n weekends.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词、动词、形容词和时态以及介词。根据句意可知，“考虑到学生的实际需求”译为cnsidering the actual needs f the students，为介词短语做状语，“向学生开放”译为be pen t students，陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时，“周末”译为n weekends，作时间状语。故翻译为Cnsidering the actual needs f the students, the schl canteen is pen t students n weekends.
53. 教练和运动员为决赛做了详细的训练计划，对冠军志在必得。(determine) (汉译英)
【答案】The cach and players made a detailed training plan fr the final and they are determined t win the champinship.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词、动词、形容词和时态。根据句意可知，“教练和运动员”译为the cach and players，“为决赛做了详细的训练计划”译为make a detailed training plan fr the final，句子陈述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，“对冠军志在必得”即“他们对冠军志在必得”，陈述目前的状态，应用一般现在时，译为they are determined t win the champinship，使用连词and连接两个句子。故翻译为The cach and players made a detailed training plan fr the final and they are determined t win the champinship.
54. 这家饭店对所有客人热情相迎，消费再低也不会被另眼相待。(n matter) (汉译英)
【答案】This restaurant warmly welcmes all the guests, and n matter hw little peple spend there, they wn’t be treated differently.
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句和时态。句子陈述客观事实，基础时态为一般现在时；根据汉语意思，“这家饭店”用this restaurant，“欢迎”用动词welcme，作谓语；“所有客人用”all the guests，“消费再低也不会被另眼相待”用n matter hw引导让步状语从句，“消费”用动词spend，“被对待”用被动语态be treated，再结合其他汉语意思，故翻译为This restaurant warmly welcmes all the guests, and n matter hw little peple spend there, they wn’t be treated differently.
55. 这个街区缺乏健身设施的问题引起了当地政府高度关注，已筹措资金将一幢废弃的厂房改建成一座老少咸宜的运动中心。(attentin) (汉译英)
【答案】The lack f fitness facilities in this cmmunity has arused high attentin f the lcal gvernment, and funds have been raised t transfrm an abandned factry building int a sprts center suitable fr all ages.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词，动词，形容词，介词，短语，连词和时态。表示“这个街区”应用介词短语in this cmmunity；表示“缺乏”应用名词短语the lack f；表示“健身设施”应用名词短语fitness facilities；表示“引起”应用动词aruse；表示“当地政府”应用名词短语the lcal gvernment；表示“高度关注”应用名词短语high attentin；表示“筹措资金”应用动词短语raise funds；表示“一幢废弃的厂房”应用名词短语an abandned factry building；表示“将…改建成”应用动词短语transfrm…int…；表示“老少咸宜的”应用形容词短语suitable fr all ages；表示“一座运动中心”应用名词短语a sprts center；分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是过去的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，谓语用现在完成时，两个句子之间是并列关系，用并列连词and连接。故翻译为The lack f fitness facilities in this cmmunity has arused high attentin f the lcal gvernment, and funds have been raised t transfrm an abandned factry building int a sprts center suitable fr all ages.
Ⅵ. Guided Writing
56. Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120 - 150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学的学生李华，你们学校将组织一次高三学生参观大学的活动，学生可以从“专业及课程介绍 (Majr and Curse Descriptins)”; “参观图书馆、实验室 (Library & Labratry Visiting)”; “随班学习体验 (On Spt Studying)” 和 “与教授面对面 (Dialgue with Prfessrs)” 四个活动中选取两个作为主要活动，特此向高三学生征求意见。请你写一封邮件给活动组织者，内容须包括：
1.你最感兴趣的两个活动;
2.你对这两个活动感兴趣的理由。
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【答案】 Hearing that the schl will rganize an activity fr senir three students t visit the university, I am very excited and happy. What I want t participate in are the tw activities, Majr and Curse Descriptins and On Spt Studying.
First f all, I am fnd f the activity Majr and Curse Descriptins, which can help me have a deeper understanding f the university's prfessinal curses and clarify the directin fr my future study.
Besides, I am deeply interested in the activity On Spt Studying. In the activity, I can truly experience the learning atmsphere f the university. Meanwhile，it ffers me an gd chance t knw mre abut hw the students in the university take curses every day，which will make me decide whether I shuld change the way that I learn in the middle schl.
All in all, the activity f visiting the university is f great help t ur future planning. I am lking frward t the arrival f that day.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给活动组织者写一封信，说明你对学校组织的高三学生参观大学的活动中感兴趣的两个活动以及对这两个活动感兴趣的理由
【详解】1.词汇积累
喜欢：be fnd f→ enjy
高兴的：happy→pleased→delighted
此外：besides → what’s mre
机会：chance→pprtunity
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Hearing that the schl will rganize an activity fr senir three students t visit the university, I am very excited and happy.
拓展句：BecauseI hear that the schl will rganize an activity fr senir three students t visit the university, I am very excited and happy.
【点睛】【高分句型1】What I want t participate in are the tw activities, Majr and Curse Descriptins and On Spt Studying.（运用了what引导的主语从句）
【高分句型2】Meanwhile, it ffers me an gd chance t knw mre abut hw the students in the university take curses every day，which will make me decide whether I shuld change the way that I learn in the middle schl.（运用了hw与whether引导的宾语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句以及that引导的定语从句）
听力答案：1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. A
11. A 12. C 13. D 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. C
A. cntent B. verextend C. develp D. innvate E. pursued F. tp
G surface H. addictin I. emerge J. clud K. licensed
Fur types f learners
Type A Learner
Peple in this grup adapt bservatins int cmplex but lgical theries. They think prblems thrugh in a lgical way. They tend t be perfectinists wh wn’t rest easy until everything is reasnable. They like t analyze and are keen n basic principles and theries. They pay great attentin t lgic, s questins they frequently ask are: “ ________________ ”, and “Hw des this g with that?”. They tend t be bjective, appraching prblems in a cnsistently lgical manner. This is their “mental set” and they reject anything that cnflicts with it. They prefer t maximize certainty and feel uncmfrtable with subjective judgements.
Type B Learner
These peple are keen n trying ut ideas, theries and techniques t see if they wrk in practice. They psitively search ut new ideas and take the first pprtunity t experiment with applicatins. They want t try ut the new ideas in the curses in practice. They als tend t be impatient with randm discussins, and their attentin sn begins t wander if they feel they are ging rund in circles. They are practical, dwn t earth and like making practical decisins and slving prblems. They see prblems and pprtunities as a challenge, and their philsphy is: “There is always a better way” and “If it wrks, it’s gd”.
Type C Learner
Peple in this grup invlve themselves fully in new experiences. They are pen-minded, and this tends t make them enthusiastic abut anything new. Their philsphy is: “I’ll try anything nce”, s they tend t act first and cnsider the cnsequences afterwards. Their days are filled with activities. As sn as the excitement frm ne activity has died dwn they are busy lking fr the next, as they are nly interested in gaining new experiences but are bred with carrying ut their plans and they lack perseverance. They cnstantly invlve themselves with thers but, in ding s, they seek t center all activities arund themselves.
Type D Learner
They cllect data, bth first-hand and frm thers, and prefer t think abut it thrughly befre cming t a cnclusin. The thrugh cllectin and analysis f data abut experiences and events is what cunts s they tend t pstpne making definitive judgments fr as lng as pssible. Their philsphy is t be cautius. They like t cnsider all pssible angles befre making a mve, and will be reluctant t becme invlved in activities that thers put frward withut having carefully cnsidered the likely utcme.