北京市八一学校2024-2025学年高三下学期开学考英语试题

这是一份北京市八一学校2024-2025学年高三下学期开学考英语试题，共17页。试卷主要包含了完形填空，语法填空，阅读理解，书信写作等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、完形填空（本大题共1小题）
I was 11 when I asked my mum fr pian lessns. As we were in an ecnmic crisis, she said a plite “n”.
That didn’t discurage me. I drew a keybard nt a piece f paper and stuck it n my desk. I wuld 1 ntes n an nline keybard and “play” them back n my paper ne —keeping the sund they made n the cmputer in my head. I spent six mnths playing withut 2 a real pian. As my mum fund I was serius abut it, she bught me 10 lessns with brrwed mney.
I 3 my grade ne after eight lessns and gt distinctin. By the time I started secndary schl, we culdn’t affrd lessns again, s I returned t my paper keybard. I passed grade three, then grade five, practising nly n my piece f paper.
Fr the grades abve that, there’s an 4 that yu shuld add a certain sensitivity int yur playing. The music teacher at my schl said I culd practise n the schl’s grand pian. I wuld wake up at 5:30 am t get there in time and play until lessns started. I’d 5 lunch and then practice after schl until the caretaker kicked me ut. At hme, I’d have dinner, d three hurs f revisin, and then 6 practice until 1:00 am.
My schl didn’t ffer music A-level. I fund the Purcell Schl fr yung musicians. The auditin (试镜) was extremely challenging, and I felt verwhelmed. T my amazement, I was ffered a 7 .
I had been tld I had started playing t 8 t reach cnservatire (音乐学院) level, but when I left Purcell, I was awarded the senir pian prize. I am nw at the Guildhall Schl in Lndn, where I was ffered a schlarship. I feel 9 : it’s been 10 years since I drew my paper pian and I’m at ne f the wrld’s leading cnservatires.
The irny is that I cntinue t d a lt f my practice away frm the pian — what we call mental practice. It 10 key areas f the mind that are less readily accessed by pian playing alne. The paper pian helped stimulate my curisity abut hw music wrks.
1．A．takeB．signC．clickD．cmpse
2．A．seeingB．chsingC．enjyingD．tuching
3．A．gt thrughB．put ffC．fell behindD．passed by
4．A．attitudeB．expectatinC．pininD．pprtunity
5．A．avidB．missC．saveD．skip
6．A．scialB．mentalC．mechanicalD．physical
7．A．curseB．rewardC．placeD．certificate
8．A．snB．lateC．hurriedlyD．suddenly
9．A．prudB．relievedC．ambitiusD．grateful
10．A．buildsB．cversC．definesD．unlcks
二、语法填空（本大题共3小题）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
When Suki heard she was t be laid ff, her first reactin was fear fr what it culd mean fr her career. “I was initially scared because I 11 (see) layffs happening all acrss the tech industry, s I wrried I wuldn’t be able t find anther jb.”
A few days later, she put her vide skills t use, 12 (share) a vide nline that highlighted the new 13 (hbby) she’d fund time t take up after being laid ff, such as painting, dancing and etc. The vide struck a chrd, scring thusands f likes and prmpting a fld f recruiters t get in tuch.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
Yu have prbably dreamed abut 14 yu wuld change the wrld, nly t find that it seems impssible. Hwever, yu may have the pwer 15 (make) the wrld better with baby steps. That’s the idea behind the BA Challenge, which is a public service campaign c-initiated by Alibaba and Sina Weib. It asks peple t d smething psitive and then recrd the changes befre and after. Since its first appearance n Sina Weib n Sept. 2nd, the BA Challenge has attracted millins f viewers and participants. Thugh these little things may be easily ignred in ur daily lives, they 16 (receive) warmly by many viewers.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
Faced with health r nutritin questins, it is 17 (increase) cmmn fr peple t g nline and diagnse themselves. But the Internet is full f cnflicting health warnings with n regulatin t remve the wrng advice, sme f 18 is extremely dangerus! Als, search engines rank results by ppularity rather than accuracy, s slid facts can be tricky t find. It is wrth examining whether the writer f an nline piece is prperly qualified 19 an expert. Remember, nly fficially 20 (recgnize) practicing dctrs as well as dietitians have degrees in giving medical suggestins.
三、阅读理解（本大题共6小题）
Students applying t clleges that use the Cmmn Applicatin shuld hand in an essay f 650 wrds. That includes the essay title, ntes, and any ther text that yu include in the essay.
What Can Yu Accmplish in 650 Wrds?
Even if yu take advantage f the full length available t yu, keep in mind that 650 wrds is nt a lng essay. It’s rughly the equivalent f a tw-page, duble-spaced essay. Mst essays tend t be between three and eight paragraphs depending n the applicant’s writing style and essay strategy.
As yu plan yur essay, yu definitely want t keep the length requirement in mind. Many applicants attempt t d t much with their essays and then struggle t edit them dwn t 650 wrds. Realize the purpse f the persnal statement is nt t tell yur life stry r t give an exhaustive verview f all f yur accmplishments. Let yur list f extracurricular activities, academic recrd, letters f recmmendatin, and supplemental essays and materials shw yur range f accmplishments. The persnal statement is nt the place fr lng lists r catalgs f achievement.
T write an engaging and effective 650 wrd r shrter essay, yu need t have a sharp fcus. Narrate a single event, r illuminate a single passin r talent. Allw enugh space fr self-reflectin s that whatever yur tpic is yu spend at least sme time talking abut its significance t yu.
Again, use the essay t narrate an engaging stry. Make sure it highlights smething yu care abut deeply, and be sure t prvide a windw int yur interests r persnality that isn’t already bvius frm the rest f yur applicatin.
A Final Wrd Abut Essay Length
With the primary Cmmn Applicatin essay, yu will need t cme in at 650 wrds r fewer. Hwever, yu will find that mst supplemental essays n the Cmmn Applicatin have different length guidelines, and clleges that dn’t use the Cmmn Applicatin will have differing length requirements. N matter what the circumstances, make sure yu fllw the guidelines. If an essay shuld be 350 wrds, dn’t write 370.
Finally, keep in mind that what yu say and hw yu say it is far mre imprtant than whether yu have 550 wrds r 650 wrds. If yu’ve said all yu have t say in 500 wrds, dn’t try t pad yur essay t make it lnger. Regardless f length, the best writing will tell a cmpelling stry, prvide insight t yur character and interests, and are written with crisp and engaging prse.
21．Accrding t the passage, what might be a right thing t d while writing an essay?
A．T tell sme interesting life stries.
B．T list all the pssible achievements.
C．T shw the range f accmplishments.
D．T highlight the fcus f ne single event.
22．As fr the essay length, the applicant ________.
A．shuld fllw the guidelines.
B．can set his r her wn limit accrdingly
C．shuld make sure it n less than 650 wrds
D．can write mre than 650 wrds when necessary
23．What is the purpse f the passage?
A．T stress the imprtance f essay writing.
B．T intrduce methds f writing a gd essay.
C．T advertise a writing curse fr cllege students.
D．T remind the applicants f the length f their essay.
She spent ver tw decades wrking her way up in the science industry, either as a chemist in a lab r in a management rle. Nw Berkeley Middle Schl teacher Mrs. Amy Adams is emplying her science skills in a different envirnment. She decided t mix things up a bit and came up with a winning frmula t help make a difference in the classrm. Mrs. Amy Adams is ur Cl Schl teacher f the week.
She tk a cuple f years ff after having children. While vlunteering at her kids’ schl, she was fascinated by educatin. Adams says, “This is where I am suppsed t be. I lved my jb and the peple I wrked with, but I just kept feeling unsettled, s finally, I channeled my energy int smething meaningful.”
Adams says she stepped ut n faith, and the rest is histry, well actually it’s science. She’s nw in year six f teaching seventh-grade science at BMS. “This is my alma mater. I walked the halls f Berkeley Middle. S it is with all fur f my children. My yungest is walking the halls nw. It just feels like hme,” Adams said.
Adams describes her teaching style as interactive. She says, “I want them t have a vice and learn critical thinking, s we feature clrful activities. Whether it’s nte-taking, wrksheets, ding DNA extractins n a strawberry r dissecting frgs, the prcess is always interactive. By ding s, I intend t cultivate a culture f learning and aruse their interest in science.”
LaTanya Butler, principal at BMS says, “She was in the science industry, s she can relate the cncepts she teaches t real life, which is ne f the great attributes t have in a teacher.”
Butler says Mrs. Adams als pushed t add an additinal day t her wrk week. “I’ve had t pen the building at her request s she can wrk n Saturdays. That’s just the attitude she adpts, t g ver and beynd fr ur students here. I just appreciate Mrs. Adams fr hearing the call t switch t educatin. If I culd clne Mrs. Adams fifty mre times, nt nly Berkeley Middle but schls in general wuld benefit frm that spirit f dedicatin.”
When asked if she misses wrking in the industry, Mrs. Adams says, “I’ll tell yu I wrk harder nw than I ever did, that I’m mre tired nw than I ever was, but I abslutely lve what I d, and I feel like what I’m ding makes a difference. I can’t imagine nt being here.”
24．What was the main cause fr Adams’ changing her jb?
A．Her lve f educatin.B．Her lack f inspiratin.
C．Her spirit f vlunteering.D．Her desire f being perfect.
25．What can we learn frm LaTanya Butler’s wrds?
A．Adams can assciate thery with practice.
B．Adams’ dedicatin will inspire mre teachers.
C．Adams wrks vertime t teach students mre.
D．Adams wes her success t her wrk experience.
26．Which f the fllwing can best describe Adams?
A．Creative and cmpetent.B．Patient and imaginative.
C．Devted and passinate.D．Warm-hearted and mdest.
27．What is the passage trying t tell us?
A．Keep lking, dn’t settle.B．Actin speaks luder than wrds．
C．T knw neself is true prgress.D．Live yur passin, fllw yur dreams.
In recent years, researchers frm diverse fields have agreed that shrt-termism is nw a significant prblem in industrialised scieties. The inability t engage with lnger-term causes and cnsequences leads t sme f the wrld’s mst serius prblems: climate change, bidiversity cllapse, and mre. The histrian Francis Cle argues that the West has entered a perid where “nly the present exists, a present characterised at nce by the cruelty f the instant and by the bredm f an unending nw”.
It has been prved that peple have a bias (偏向) twards the present, fcusing n lud attractins in the mment at the expense f the health, well-being and financial stability f their future selves r cmmunity. In business, this bias surfaces as shrt-sighted decisins. And n slw-burning prblems like climate change, it translates int the unwillingness t make small sacrifices (牺牲) tday that culd make a majr difference tmrrw. Instead, all that matters is next quarter’s prfit, r satisfying sme ther near-term desires.
These biased perspectives cannt be blamed n ne single cause. It is fair t say, thugh, that ur psychlgical biases play a majr rle. Peple’s hesitancy t delay satisfactin is the mst bvius example, but there are thers. One f them is abut hw the mst accessible infrmatin in the present affects decisins abut the future. Fr instance, yu might hear smene say: “It’s cld this winter, s I needn’t wrry abut glbal warming.”Anther is that lud and urgent matters are given t much imprtance, making peple ignre lnger-term trends that arguably matter mre. This is when a pp star draws far mre attentin than, say, gradual bidiversity decline.
As a psychlgist nce jked, if aliens (外星人) wanted t weaken humanity, they wuldn’t send ships; they wuld invent climate change. Indeed, when it cmes t envirnmental transfrmatins, we can develp a frm f cllective “pr memry”, and each new generatin can believe the state f affairs they encunter is nthing ut f the rdinary. Older peple tday, fr example, can remember a time with insect-cvered car windscreens after lng drives. Children, n the ther hand, have n idea that insect ppulatin has drpped dramatically.
28．The authr qutes Francis Cle mainly t ________.
A．draw a cmparisn
B．intrduce a tpic
C．evaluate a statement
D．highlight a prblem
29．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．Climate change has been frgtten.
B．Lessns f histry are highly valued.
C．The human mind is bad at nting slw change.
D．Humans are unwilling t admit their shrtcmings.
30．What des the authr intend t tell us?
A．Far-sighted thinking matters t humans.
B．Humans tend t make lng-term sacrifices.
C．Current plicies facilitate future decisin-making.
D．Bias twards the present helps reduce near-term desires.
What is life? Like mst great questins, this ne is easy t ask but difficult t answer. The reasn is simple: we knw f just ne type f life and it’s challenging t d science with a sample size f ne. The field f artificial life-called ALife fr shrt — is the systematic attempt t spell ut life’s fundamental principles. Many f these practitiners, s-called ALifers, think that smehw making life is the surest way t really understand what life is.
S far n ne has cnvincingly made artificial life. This track recrd makes ALife a ripe target fr criticism, such as declaratins f the field’s dubtful scientific value. Alan Smith, a cmplexity scientist, is tired f such cmplaints. Asking abut “the pint” f ALife might be, well, missing the pint entirely, he says. “The existence f a living system is nt abut the use f anything.” Alan says. “Sme peple ask me, ‘S what’s the wrth f artificial life?’ D yu ever think, ‘What is the wrth f yur grandmther?’”
As much as many ALifers hate emphasizing their research’s applicatins, the attempts t create artificial life culd have practical payffs. Artificial intelligence may be cnsidered ALife’s cusin in that researchers in bth fields are enamred by a cncept called pen-ended evlutin (演化). This is the capacity fr a system t create essentially endless cmplexity, t be a srt f “nvelty generatr”. The nly system knwn t exhibit this is Earth’s bisphere. If the field f ALife manages t reprduce life’s endless “creativity” in sme virtual mdel, thse same principles culd give rise t truly inventive machines.
Cmpared with the develpments f Al, advances in ALife are harder t recgnize. One reasn is that ALife is a field in which the central cncept — life itself — is undefined. The lack f agreement amng ALifers desn’t help either. The result is a diverse line f prjects that each advance alng their unique paths. Fr better r wrse, ALife mirrrs the very subject it studies. Its muddled (混乱的) prgressin is a striking parallel (平行线) t the evlutinary struggles that have shaped Earth bisphere.
Undefined and uncntrlled, ALife drives its fllwers t repurpse ld ideas and generated nvelty. It may be, f curse, that these characteristics aren’t in any way surprising r singular. They may apply universally t all acts f evlutin. Ultimately ALife may be nthing special. But even this dismissal suggests smething：perhaps, just like life itself thrughut the universe, the rise f ALife will prve unavidable.
31．Regarding Alan Smith’s defence f ALife, the authr is .
A．supprtiveB．puzzledC．uncncernedD．dubtful
32．What des the wrd “enamred” underlined in Paragraph 3 mst prbably mean?
A．Shcked.B．Prtected.C．Attracted.D．Challenged.
33．What can we learn frm this passage?
A．ALife hlds the key t human future.B．ALife and AI share a cmmn feature.
C．AI mirrrs the develpments f ALife.D．AI speeds up the prcess f human evlutin.
34．Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．Life Is Undefined. Can AI Be a Way Out?
B．Life Evlves. Can AI Help ALife Evlve, T?
C．Life Is Undefined. Can ALife Be Defined One Day?
D．Life Evlves. Can Attempts t Create ALife Evlve, T?
Hw t Turn Yur Gals int Habits
First we make ur habits, then ur habits make us. It’s such a simple cncept, yet it’s smething we dn’t always d.
I believe that having ONE gal t fcus n is much mre pwerful than having many gals. By putting the belief int practice, I have achieved a lt f persnal gals ver time. 35 My answer takes a little explaining. I try t turn my gals int habits, and in ding s, I put my gals n autpilt. Turning a gal int a habit means really fcusing n it fr at least a mnth. The mre yu can fcus, the mre it’ll be n autpilt. 36 Yu’ll still d it, but yu nly have t use minimal frce t maintain it, and yu can fcus n yur next gal r habit.
Take my marathn gal as an example. I was just starting running and had the brilliant idea t run a marathn within a year. S that was my gal. 37 First, I had t make running a daily habit. Secnd, I had t reprt t peple in rder t have accuntability (负责) s that I culd nt quit easily. I fcused n the daily running habit fr abut a mnth, and didn’t have any ther gals r habits. When the running habit stuck, I started reprting t peple I knew and blgging abut my running every day.
38 I culd fcus n new gals withut having t wrry abut the marathn. I still had t d the running, f curse, but it didn’t require cnstant fcus. 39 I was able t achieve this because, all year lng, I had daily running and accuntability habits. I put my marathn gal int autpilt, s instead f struggling with it daily fr an entire year, I fcused n it fr ne mnth and was able t accmplish it while fcusing n new habits and gals.
A．And eventually, I ran the first marathn in my life.
B．At the beginning, it was very difficult fr me t achieve this gal.
C．But in rder t achieve it, I brke it dwn int tw habits.
D．With this accuntability, there’s n way I culd stp running.
E．Once yu put it n autpilt, yu dn’t have t fcus n it much.
F．My readers asked me hw I was able t achieve them while wrking n different prjects.
G．Once thse tw habits were established, my marathn gal was pretty much n autpilt.
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文内容回答后面的问题。
The Weight f White Lies
A man taking his mther t a surprise party tells her they’re ging t the mall. A wman fibs that the stre was ut f her verweight byfriend’s favrite junk fd. A tutr assures his student that her sptty resumé lks fine.
Even benevlent frms f deceptin cme in shades f acceptability, and peple wh learn that they have been misled dn’t always see it the way deceivers d. A lie that’s meant t inflate smene’s cnfidence r discurage a bad habit, fr example, ften invlves making a judgment abut what’s best fr that persn. That presumptin can backfire.
In recent experiments, participants playing an ecnmic game n a cmputer received a tip that led them t ne f tw pssible payffs. Sme learned that the sender f the tip had lied t them t secure them a particular ptin. If the best ptin had been debatable rather than bvius—such as receiving $10 right away rather than $30 after three mnths—participants judged that persn as less mral fr lying and were less satisfied with the utcme, n average, even if it was the ne they had previusly said they preferred. “Peple seem t feel they have a right t the truth, and that by taking that away, yu diminish their ability t act freely,” says study c-authr Matthew Lupli, a Ph.D．candidate at the University f Califrnia, San Dieg.
Making up falsehds isn’t the nly way t kindly deceive, thugh: Yu might als simply leave ut unpleasant facts. Recent studies by University f Chicag researcher Emma Levine and clleagues examined bth types f lie in hypthetical patient-dctr talks and ther cntexts.
Peple in the rle f deceiver tended t view the missin f ptentially harmful details (such as a pr prgnsis) as cmparable t r mre acceptable than ffering a cmfrting fictin (that a patient’s utlk was favrable). But thse in the rle f the deceived ften cnsidered false-but-supprtive statements mre tlerable than lies f missin. Fr deceivers, actively cmmitting a lie feels mre intentinal and might prvke mre guilt than missin, Levine says. But the targets f deceptin “aren’t likely t be sensitive t these differences because they just experience the cnsequences.”
In general, hnesty is prbably still the best plicy. A lie that prvides sme emtinal benefits and has little dwnside culd be the clsest secnd.
40．What is the presumptin peple make when telling a white lie (a lie that’s meant t be gd)?

41．What are the ways t kindly deceive thers?

42．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Thse in the rle f the deceived ften cnsidered lies f missin mre tlerable than false-but-supprtive statements.

43．D yu prefer t be hnest r tell a white lie when infrming yur friend f smething unpleasant? Why? (In abut 40 wrds)

四、书信写作（本大题共1小题）
44．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim得知“北京中轴线”被正式列入《世界遗产名录》，打算利用2025年3月第一个周末的一天游览“北京中轴线”，想请你当导游。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1. 接受请求；
2. 规划行程。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：北京中轴线 Beijing Central Axis
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案
【答案】
1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．D
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在经济困难的情况下，凭借对钢琴的热爱和坚持，从在纸上画键盘练习到最终进入世界顶尖音乐学院的故事。
【解析】1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会点击在线键盘上的音符，然后在我的纸上“弹奏”它们——把它们在电脑上发出的声音记在脑子里。A. take拿，取；B. sign签名，签署；C. click点击；D. cmpse创作，组成。根据后文“ntes n an nline keybard and “play” them back n my paper ne” 可知，作者在网上键盘上点击音符，然后在纸上的键盘上“弹奏”。故选C项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我花了六个月的时间弹奏，没有碰过一架真正的钢琴。A. seeing看见；B. chsing选择；C. enjying享受；D. tuching触摸。根据前文“I drew a keybard nt a piece f paper and stuck it n my desk.”以及“I spent six mnths playing withut...”可知，作者画了一个纸键盘，在没有触摸到真正钢琴的情况下练习了六个月。故选D项。
3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：八节课后，我通过了一级考试，并取得了优异的成绩。A. gt thrugh通过，完成；B. put ff推迟；C. fell behind落后；D. passed by经过，路过。根据后文“gt distinctin”可知，作者在八节课后通过了一级考试并获得了优异成绩。故选A项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于以上的等级，你应该在演奏中增加一定的敏感度。A. attitude态度；B. expectatin期望；C. pinin意见；D. pprtunity机会。根据后文“that yu shuld add a certain sensitivity int yur playing” 可知，对于更高的等级，有一个期望，即你应该在演奏中加入一定的敏感度。故选B项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不吃午饭，放学后练习，直到管理员叫我出去。A. avid避免；B. miss错失；C. save节省，拯救；D. skip跳过，略过。根据前文“I wuld wake up at 5:30 am t get there in time and play until lessns started.”以及“then practice after schl until the caretaker kicked me ut.”可知，作者为了练习钢琴，会早起去学校练琴，放学后也练琴，所以会跳过午餐时间。故选D项。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在家里，我会吃完晚饭，复习三个小时，然后进行心理练习，直到凌晨一点。A. scial社会的；B. mental心理的；C. mechanical机械的；D. physical身体的。根据后文“what we call mental practice”可知，作者在家会进行所谓的“心理练习”，所以这里应该是然后进行心理练习直到凌晨1点。故选B项。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，我被录取了。A. curse课程；B. reward奖励，回报；C. place位置，名额；D. certificate证书。根据前文“The auditin (试镜) was extremely challenging, and I felt verwhelmed. T my amazement”可知，试镜非常具有挑战性，作者感到不知所措，但令他惊讶的是，他获得了一个名额。故选C项。
8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：有人告诉我，我开始学习钢琴太晚了，达不到音乐学院的水平，但当我离开珀塞尔学院时，我获得了高级钢琴奖。A. sn很快；B. late晚，迟；C. hurriedly匆忙地； D. suddenly突然地。根据前文“I was 11 when I asked my mum fr pian lessns. As we were in an ecnmic crisis, she said a plite “n”.”以及“I had been tld I had started playing t...”可知，作者11岁才开始学钢琴，有人说他开始得太晚，达不到音乐学院的水平。故选B项。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到自豪：我画纸钢琴已经10年了，我现在在世界上最顶尖的音乐学院之一。A. prud自豪的；B. relieved宽慰的；C. ambitius有抱负的；D. grateful感激的。根据后文“it’s been 10 years since I drew my paper pian and I’m at ne f the wrld’s leading cnservatires.”可知，自从作者画纸钢琴到现在已经10年了，他进入了世界顶尖的音乐学院之一，所以他感到自豪。故选A项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它打开了心灵的关键区域，这些区域不太容易被单独弹钢琴所触及。A. builds建立；B. cvers覆盖；C. defines定义；D. unlcks解锁，开启。根据前文 “what we call mental practice”以及“key areas f the mind that are less readily accessed by pian playing alne”可知，心理练习能解锁仅靠弹钢琴不太容易触及的大脑关键区域。故选D项。
【答案】11．had seen 12．sharing 13．hbbies
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了Suki被解雇后，利用自己的视频技能，在网上分享她下岗后找到的新爱好，这受到了网友的喜爱，也吸引了招聘人员。
【解析】11．考查动词时态。句意：一开始我很害怕，因为我看到整个科技行业都在裁员，所以我担心自己找不到另一份工作。此处填入谓语动词，根据上下文语境可知，“看到裁员发生在整个科技行业”这个动作发生在“I was initially scared”（一般过去时）之前，即“过去的过去”，所以要用过去完成时，其结构为“had + 过去分词”，“see” 的过去分词是 “seen”。故填had seen。
12．考查非谓语动词。句意：几天后，她开始运用自己的视频技能，在网上分享了一段视频，突出了她失业后抽出时间培养的新爱好，比如绘画、跳舞等。此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，share和逻辑主语she为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填sharing。
13．考查名词的数。句意：几天后，她开始运用自己的视频技能，在网上分享了一段视频，突出了她失业后抽出时间培养的新爱好，比如绘画、跳舞等。根据后文“such as painting, dancing and etc.”可知，她有不止一个新爱好，“hbby”是可数名词，所以要用复数形式 hbbies。故填hbbies。
【答案】14．hw 15．t make 16．are received
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章通过“BA挑战”活动，强调了通过小步骤改变世界的重要性，并鼓励人们积极参与。
【解析】14．考查宾语从句。句意：你可能梦想过如何改变世界，却发现这似乎是不可能的。设空处连接宾语从句，表示“如何改变世界”，需用连接副词hw，指方式。故填hw。
15．考查不定式。句意：然而，你可能拥有用一小步让世界变得更美好的力量。“have the pwer t d sth.”，意为“有能力做某事”，动词不定式作后置定语，修饰pwer。故填t make。
16．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：虽然这些小事情在我们的日常生活中很容易被忽视，但它们受到了许多观众的热烈欢迎。主语they，指代little things，与动词receive为被动关系，且描述一般事实，需用一般现在时的被动语态，主语they，be动词用are。故填are received。
【答案】17．increasingly 18．which 19．as 20．recgnized
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当人们遇到健康问题时，上网搜索自我诊断的现象，但其实网上的信息并不可靠，最后指出只有官方认可的医生和营养师才有资格给予实用的的医疗建议。
【解析】17．考查副词。句意：面对健康或营养问题，人们上网自我诊断越来越普遍。由副词修饰形容词可知，这里修饰形容词“cmmn”，需要用副词形式。“increase”的副词形式是“increasingly”，表示“越来越多地；日益”。故填increasingly。
18．考查定语从句。句意：但互联网上充满了相互矛盾的健康警告，没有任何规定来删除错误的建议，其中一些是极其危险的！分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 “cnflicting health warnings”，指物，在介词“f”后作宾语，所以用关系代词“which”引导。故填which。
19．考查固定短语。句意：值得研究的是，一篇网络文章的作者是否有资格成为专家。此处“be qualified as...”是固定短语，意为“有资格作为……；胜任……”。故填as。
20．考查形容词。句意：记住，只有官方认可的执业医生和营养师才有提供医疗建议的学位。由空后dctrs和dietitians为名词可知，此处为形容词recgnized“认可的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填recgnized。
【答案】21．C 22．A 23．D
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了申请大学的论文的650字应该写什么，以及文章的具体长度是什么。
【解析】21．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Let yur list f extracurricular activities, academic recrd, letters f recmmendatin, and supplemental essays and materials shw yur range f accmplishments. The persnal statement is nt the place fr lng lists r catalgs f achievement.(让你的课外活动清单、学术记录、推荐信、补充文章和材料显示你的成就范围。)”可知，写论文时，你需要显示出你的成就范围，故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据文章A Final Wrd Abut Essay Length部分“N matter what the circumstances, make sure yu fllw the guidelines. If an essay shuld be 350 wrds, dn’t write 370.(不论在什么情况下，都要确保遵守准则。如果一篇文章应该是350字，就不要写370字。)”可知，关于论文的长度，申请者需要遵守准则，故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Students applying t clleges that use the Cmmn Applicatin shuld hand in an essay f 650 wrds. (申请使用通用应用程序的大学生应该要提交一篇650字的论文。)”以及后文的两个小标题“What Can Yu Accmplish in 650 Wrds?(在650字内，你应该写什么？)”“A Final Wrd Abut Essay Length(论文长度的最终提示。)”可知，本篇文章主要介绍了论文的长度限制，故文章的目的在于提醒申请者所写论文的长度，故选D。
【答案】24．A 25．A 26．C 27．D
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Adams对于追寻自己的梦想，从科学领域转行到教育，讲述了她对工作的热爱和贡献。
【解析】24．细节理解题。根据第二段“While vlunteering at her kids’ schl, she was fascinated by educatin. Adams says, “This is where I am suppsed t be. I lved my jb and the peple I wrked with, but I just kept feeling unsettled, s finally, I channeled my energy int smething meaningful.”(当她在她孩子的学校当志愿者时，她被教育所吸引。Adams说道：‘这才是我应该做的事情。我喜欢我的工作，我喜欢周围的人，到那时我却一直感到不安，因此，最终，我决定把我的精力投入到一些有意义的事情上。’)”可知，对教育的热爱让Adams改变了工作，故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据第五段“LaTanya Butler, principal at BMS says, “She was in the science industry, s she can relate the cncepts she teaches t real life, which is ne f the great attributes t have in a teacher.”(BMS的校长LaTanya Butler,说道：‘她是科学领域的，因此她可以将她所教授的理论运用了实际生活，这是一个老师拥有的最大的品质。’)”可知，LaTanya Butler认为Adams可以将理论联系实践，故选A。
26．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Butler says Mrs. Adams als pushed t add an additinal day t her wrk week.( Butler说Mrs. Adams让自己一周多工作一天)”可推知，是乐于贡献的“devted”；根据文章最后一段“but I abslutely lve what I d, and I feel like what I’m ding makes a difference.(但是我十分热爱我的工作，并且我感觉我所做的事情有意义)”可推知，Adams对于工作是充满热情的“passinate”，故选C。
27．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“When asked if she misses wrking in the industry, Mrs. Adams says, “I’ll tell yu I wrk harder nw than I ever did, that I’m mre tired nw than I ever was, but I abslutely lve what I d, and I feel like what I’m ding makes a difference. I can’t imagine nt being here.”(当问到她是否想念在科学领域的工作，Mrs. Adams说道：‘我现在比以前更加努力，我比以前工作更累，但是我十分热爱我的工作，并且我感觉我所做的事情有意义。我无法想象我不在这里工作会是什么样的。’)”可知，文章主要介绍了Adams对于追寻自己的梦想，从科学领域转行到教育，讲述了她对工作的热爱和贡献，故文章想要给读者传达的是“活出你的激情，追随你的梦想”，故选D。
【答案】28．D 29．C 30．A
【分析】本文是说明文。近年来，来自不同领域的研究人员一致认为，短期主义现在是工业化社会的一个重大问题。事实证明，人们对现在有偏见，以牺牲健康为代价，专注于当下有吸引力的事物，而牺牲了未来自己或社区的健康、幸福和财务稳定。
【解析】28．推理判断题。第一段首句“In recent years, researchers frm diverse fields have agreed that shrt-termism is nw a significant prblem in industrialised scieties.(近年来，来自不同领域的研究人员一致认为，短期主义现在是工业化社会的一个重大问题。)”提出一个问题——短期主义，接着下文“The histrian Francis Cle argues that the West has entered a perid where “nly the present exists, a present characterised at nce by the cruelty f the instant and by the bredm f an unending nw”.(历史学家弗朗西斯•科尔（Francis Cle）认为，西方已经进入了一个“只有现在存在的时代，现在的特点是瞬间的残酷和无休止的现在的无聊”。)”引用历史学家Francis Cle的话来强调只注重现在的这种短期主义的危害，由此可推知，文章引用Francis Cl的话是为了强调一个问题，故选D。
29．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“As a psychlgist nce jked, if aliens (外星人) wanted t weaken humanity, they wuldn’t send ships; they wuld invent climate change. Indeed, when it cmes t envirnmental transfrmatins, we can develp a frm f cllective “pr memry”, and each new generatin can believe the state f affairs they encunter is nthing ut f the rdinary.(一位心理学家曾经开玩笑说，如果外星人想削弱人类，他们不会派出飞船；他们会发明气候变化。的确，在环境变化的问题上，我们可以形成一种集体的“记忆不良”，每一代人都会认为他们所遇到的情况并没有什么不同寻常的)”可知，一位心理学家曾经开玩笑说，如果外星人想要削弱人类，他们会发明气候变化，通过这种方式来削弱人类，因为人们对于气候变化形成一种集体的“记忆不良”，认为他们所遇到的情况没什么异常的，由此可推知人们不擅长察觉出缓慢的变化，故选C。
30．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“In recent years, researchers frm diverse fields have agreed that shrt-termism is nw a significant prblem in industrialised scieties.(近年来，来自不同领域的研究人员一致认为，短期主义现在是工业化社会的一个重大问题。)”提出一个问题——短期主义，和第二段“It has been prved that peple have a bias(偏向) twards the present, fcusing n lud attractins in the mment at the expense f the health, well-being and financial stability f their future selves r cmmunity. In business, this bias surfaces as shrt-sighted decisins. And n slw-burning prblems like climate change, it translates int the unwillingness t make small sacrifices(牺牲) tday that culd make a majr difference tmrrw.(事实证明人们对现在有偏见，以牺牲健康为代价，只专注于当下引人注目的事物，而牺牲了未来自己或社区的健康、幸福和稳定。在商业中，这种偏见表现为短视决策。在气候变化等缓慢燃烧的问题上，这意味着不愿意今天做出小的牺牲，而这些牺牲可能会在明天产生重大影响。)”可知，文章主要讲述了短视决策的危害，呼吁我们要做出有远见的思考。由此可推知，作者的写作目的是告诉我们有远见的思考对人类的重要性，故选A。
【答案】31．A 32．C 33．B 34．D
【分析】本文为说明文。文章主要探讨了ALife是否也在不断地进化的问题。
【解析】31．推理判断题。根据第三段“As much as many ALifers hate emphasizing their research’s applicatins, the attempts t create artificial life culd have practical payffs. (尽管许多ALifer讨厌强调他们研究的应用，但创造人工生命的尝试可能会有实际的回报)”可知，作者认为创造人工生命的尝试是会有回报的；再结合第二段“S far n ne has cnvincingly made artificial life. This track recrd makes ALife a ripe target fr criticism, such as declaratins f the field’s dubtful scientific value. Alan Smith, a cmplexity scientist, is tired f such cmplaints. Asking abut “the pint” f ALife might be, well, missing the pint entirely, he says. “The existence f a living system is nt abut the use f anything.” Alan says. “Sme peple ask me, ‘S what’s the wrth f artificial life?’ D yu ever think, ‘What is the wrth f yur grandmther?’”(到目前为止，还没有人能令人信服地制造出人工生命。这一记录使生命科学成为批评的成熟目标，比如对该领域可疑科学价值的声明。复杂性科学家艾伦•史密斯厌倦了这样的抱怨。他说，询问ALife的“意义”可能完全没有抓住要点。“一个生命系统的存在与任何东西的使用无关。”Alan说。“有人问我，‘那么人工生命的价值是什么？’你有没有想过，‘你祖母的价值是多少？’”)”可推知，因为还没有人能令人信服地制造出人工生命，才导致使生命科学成为批评（认为其没有科学价值）的成熟目标，作者认为这是不合理的，所以后文引用了Alan Smith的话语对这种观点进行反驳，即关于Alan Smith对ALife的辩护，作者表示支持。故选A。
32．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Artificial intelligence may be cnsidered ALife’s cusin in that researchers in bth fields are enamred by a cncept called pen-ended evlutin (演化).(人工智能可能被认为是ALife的表亲，因为这两个领域的研究人员都被一个叫做开放进化的概念enamred)”可知，人工智能可能被认为是ALife的表亲，说明人工智能和ALife二者间有共同之处，可推测是因为这两个领域的研究人员都被一个叫做开放进化的概念所吸引，所以才有了这种观点。故划线词意为“吸引”。故选C。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段“Artificial intelligence may be cnsidered ALife’s cusin in that researchers in bth fields are enamred by a cncept called pen-ended evlutin (演化).(人工智能可能被认为是ALife的表亲，因为这两个领域的研究人员都被一个叫做开放进化的概念所吸引)”可知，ALife和AI有一个共同的特点。故选B。
34．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“They may apply universally t all acts f evlutin. Ultimately ALife may be nthing special. But even this dismissal suggests smething: perhaps, just like life itself thrughut the universe, the rise f ALife will prve unavidable.(它们可能普遍适用于所有进化行为。最终，ALife可能没有什么特别的。但即使是这种否定也表明了一些事情：也许，就像整个宇宙中的生命本身一样，ALife的崛起将被证明是不可避免的)”结合文章主要探讨了ALife是否也在不断地进化。D选项“生命在进化。创造ALife的尝试也能进化吗？”是最合适的标题。故选D。
【答案】35．F 36．E 37．C 38．G 39．A
【分析】本文是一篇选句填空。当我们把目标变成习惯的时候，很容易地就可以实现自己的目标。文章讲述了具体的做法。
【解析】35．横线后句“My answer takes a little explaining.”中的动词“answer”是关键词，由此可知横线句应该是一个问句，结合前句“By putting the belief int practice, I have achieved a lt f persnal gals ver time.”可知，人们对我取得如此多的成就的方法设问。F项：My readers asked me hw I was able t achieve them while wrking n different prjects.(我的读者问我，在做不同的项目时，我是如何做到这些的)承上启下，故选F。
36．根据本段第四句I try t turn my gals int habits, and in ding s, I put my gals n autpilt.可知，把目标变成习惯，就会自动地努力去实现自己的目标，这就变成了一种自然的行为，不要再过多关注。E项：Once yu put it n autpilt, yu dn’t have t fcus n it much.(一旦你把它变成自动行动的，你就不必太关注它了。)符合本段文意，故选E。
37．根据横线后两句First, I had t make running a daily habit. Secnd, I had t reprt t peple in rder t have accuntability (负责) s that I culd nt quit easily.可知，作者首先把跑步变成日常的习惯，然后必须向人们汇报，这样作者就有了责任感，不会轻易放弃。C项：But in rder t achieve it, I brke it dwn int tw habits.(但为了达到这个目的，我把它分成了两个习惯。)也是讲述如何变成习惯，故选C。
38．根据横线后句I culd fcus n new gals withut having t wrry abut the marathn.可知，作者关注新的目标，不再考虑之前的马拉松了，因为马拉松已经成为作者的习惯了。G项：Once thse tw habits were established, my marathn gal was pretty much n autpilt.(一旦这两个习惯建立起来，我的马拉松目标几乎是自动行动的。)符合文意，目标变成自动行动的，作者才不会关注了，故选G。
39．根据横线后句I was able t achieve this because, all year lng, I had daily running and accuntability habits.可知，作者实现了这个目标是因为她每天都在跑，让跑马拉松成为了作者的习惯。那么实现这个目标就是很自然的事情了，A项：And eventually, I ran the first marathn in my life.(我完成了第一个马拉松，实现了我的目标。)符合上下文文意，故选A。
【点睛】本文小题3可以根据文章中的数字信息得出答案，在横线后两句中出现了first和secnd，说明要把一个大目标拆分成两个小目标。得出C项答案。做题时很重要的一点是保持对一些线索词的敏感，最主要的线索特征词是空白前后的名词和动词，寻找答案时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词语等。其次是代词、数词、表示时间/年代的词、地点/名称等专有名词等。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。
【答案】40．①They think what they d is best fr that persn and can be acceptable.
②It ften invlves making a judgment abut what’s best fr that persn. 41．Making up falsehds and leaving ut unpleasant facts. 42．Thse in the rle f the deceived ften cnsidered lies f missin mre tlerable than false-but-supprtive statements.Accrding t the passage, thse in the rle f the deceived ften cnsidered false-but-supprtive statements mre tlerable than lies f missin. (The underlined part is false because it is cntrary t the statement in the text.) 43．I prefer t be hnest. As is knwn t all, hnesty is the best plicy when cmmunicating with friends, which cntributes t the maintenance f cherished friendship. While it may be uncmfrtable, hnesty builds trust and prevents further misunderstandings r cnflicts. On cntrast, white lies can damage trust and lead t mre significant prblems in the lng run.
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了善意谎言的分量以及相关实验和研究。
【解析】40．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Even benevlent frms f deceptin cme in shades f acceptability, and peple wh learn that they have been misled dn’t always see it the way deceivers d. A lie that’s meant t inflate smene’s cnfidence r discurage a bad habit, fr example, ften invlves making a judgment abut what’s best fr that persn. That presumptin can backfire.(即使是善意的欺骗形式也有可接受的程度，而那些知道自己被误导的人并不总是像骗子那样看待它。例如，一个旨在增强某人信心或阻止一个坏习惯的谎言，通常涉及对那个人最好的判断。这种假设可能会适得其反)”可知，当人们说善意的谎言时，他们的假设是他们认为他们所做的是对那个人最好的，是可以接受的。或它通常包括判断什么对那个人是最好的。故答案为①They think what they d is best fr that persn and can be acceptable. ②It ften invlves making a judgment abut what’s best fr that persn.
41．考查细节理解。根据第四段“Making up falsehds isn’t the nly way t kindly deceive, thugh: Yu might als simply leave ut unpleasant facts.(不过，编造谎言并不是善意欺骗的唯一方式：你也可以简单地忽略不愉快的事实)”可知，善意欺骗别人的方法有编造谎言，忽略令人不快的事实。故答案为Making up falsehds and leaving ut unpleasant facts.
42．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“But thse in the rle f the deceived ften cnsidered false-but-supprtive statements mre tlerable than lies f missin.(但那些被欺骗的人通常认为虚假但支持性的陈述比遗漏的谎言更容易容忍)”可知，错误的部分为“lies f missin mre tlerable than false-but-supprtive statements”，根据这篇文章，那些被欺骗的人通常认为虚假但支持的陈述比遗漏的谎言更容易容忍。（划线部分是错误的，因为它与文中的陈述相反）故答案为Thse in the rle f the deceived ften cnsidered lies f missin mre tlerable than false-but-supprtive statements. Accrding t the passage, thse in the rle f the deceived ften cnsidered false-but-supprtive statements mre tlerable than lies f missin. (The underlined part is false because it is cntrary t the statement in the text.)
43．考查开放题。根据“当你告诉你的朋友一些不愉快的事情时，你是喜欢诚实还是善意的谎言？为什么？”可回答：我更喜欢诚实。众所周知，诚实是与朋友交往的上策，这有助于保持珍贵的友谊。虽然这可能会让人不舒服，但诚实可以建立信任，防止进一步的误解或冲突。相反，善意的谎言会破坏信任，从长远来看会导致更严重的问题。故答案为I prefer t be hnest. As is knwn t all, hnesty is the best plicy when cmmunicating with friends, which cntributes t the maintenance f cherished friendship. While it may be uncmfrtable, hnesty builds trust and prevents further misunderstandings r cnflicts. On cntrast, white lies can damage trust and lead t mre significant prblems in the lng run.
44．【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m thrilled t hear that the Beijing Central Axis is nw a Wrld Heritage Site! It wuld be my hnr t be yur guide n that special day.
Here’s my plan: We’ll start at Yngdingmen Gate in the suth, admiring its ancient architecture. Then, we’ll take the subway t Tian’anmen Square t explre its histrical significance. After lunch, we’ll visit the Frbidden City and end at the Drum Twer in the nrth, where yu can enjy a panramic view f the axis. I’ll explain the cultural stries behind each spt. Let’s make it an unfrgettable trip!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用英文给Jim回复，接受当他导游的请求以及规划行程。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
激动：thrilled → excited
欣赏：admire → appreciate
参观：visit → pay a visit t
难忘：unfrgettable → memrable
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Here’s my plan: We’ll start at Yngdingmen Gate in the suth, admiring its ancient architecture.
拓展句：Here’s my plan: We’ll start at Yngdingmen Gate in the suth s that we can admire its ancient architecture.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m thrilled t hear that the Beijing Central Axis is nw a Wrld Heritage Site! (运用了that引导宾语从句)
【高分句型2】Here’s my plan: We’ll start at Yngdingmen Gate in the suth, admiring its ancient architecture. (运用了现在分词作状语)