2025届上海市高三下学期2月联考调研英语试题

这是一份2025届上海市高三下学期2月联考调研英语试题，共12页。试卷主要包含了未知，书面表达，翻译等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、未知
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Getting Over The “Ick”
Getting the “ick” can ruin a budding rmance r an nging date. It’s that sudden feeling f disgust 1 makes yu want t back away. Maybe yu heard them make an awkward nise, mck smene unfairly, r eat messily. Once the “ick” sets in, it’s hard t shake ff, leaving yu questining 2 t mve frward.
Disgust, thugh ften verlked in research, is a strng, primal (原始的) emtin. Like fear r anger, it’s triggered in specific situatins and 3 (vary) between individuals. While sme reactins are universal—like disgust at rtting fd r unhygienic acts—peple with high sensitivity t disgust might feel it even in slight situatins, such as a partner’s 4 (crack) lips r messy eating.
Disgust evlved t prtect us frm harm, 5 spiled fd r mral wrngding. Hwever, when it rushed int ur rmantic lives, it raises questins: Is it a signal t stp, r 6 we can wrk thrugh? Studies shw that heightened disgust sensitivity is linked t emtinal challenges, such as lw desire r aversin. In relatinships, mismatched threshlds fr disgust can cause cnflicts—ne partner’s limits might feel restrictive t the ther.
Overcming the “ick” invlves 7 (reduce) disgust sensitivity. Disgust can be reduced in much the same way as we wrk t reduce a persn’s fear: Gradual expsure t increasingly greater levels f the stimulus. In ther wrds, start small and increase yur expsure t the thing that makes yu disgusted and yur respnse will becme 8 (dramatic).
If the “ick” is tied t a persn rather than an act, reflectin is key. Strng initial feelings f cnnectin may be wrth wrking 9 the discmfrt. Relatinships ften allw us t verlk flaws, 10 if the trigger is a true dealbreaker—smething mrally unacceptable—it’s time t trust yur instincts and mve n.
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Califrnia’s Grwing Wildfire Crisis
Califrnia’s wildfires have been fueled by increasingly dangerus cnditins ver the past tw decades, creating a grwing crisis. The recent Muntain Fire in Ventura Cunty highlights this alarming trend. Over 10,000 residents were frced t 11 their hmes as the fire quickly spread, injuring at least 10 peple and leaving dzens f huses in ashes. In just tw days, the blaze cnsumed ver 20,000 acres, 12 Gvernr Gavin Newsm t declare a state f emergency.
Experts pint t a destructive “envirnmental recipe.” Befre the fire, frecasters issued a rare Red Flag warning, cautining that dry winds and lw humidity culd turn int 13 fr fast-spreading wildfires. When the Muntain Fire erupted, strng Santa Ana winds carried embers (灰烬) far and wide, while vegetatin frm tw unusually wet winters acted as ready 14 . As a result, the fire culd escalate rapidly, leaving firefighters struggling t 15 it.
Climate change has further shifted the landscape. Rising temperatures and prlnged drughts have made vegetatin drier and mre ignitable. At the same time, wetter winters have encuraged plant grwth that later dries ut, becming kindling fr fires. Fall and winter blazes, unlike their summer 16 , are driven by intense winds and lwer humidity, making them harder t cntrl.
Many histrical 17 shw the severity f this trend. The Wlsey Fire in 2018 and the Thmas Fire in 2017, bth ccurring in winter, 18 amng Califrnia’s mst destructive. Additinally, mre than half f the state’s largest fires have been recrded in the last decade, underscring the rle f climate change.
As Califrnia cntinues t 19 with wrsening wildfires, the stakes grw higher. Withut 20 these envirnmental shifts, the battle against fire will becme an even mre difficult game f survival.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is cmmnly used t make predictins frm datasets, but this typically requires creating a mdel fr each task. Hllmann et al. have develped a slutin—a fundatin mdel—that applying machine learning acrss different tasks withut task-specific training. This develpment culd streamline predictin tasks, such as predicting patient deteriratin in hspitals.
In a typical tabular machine learning scenari, a hspital uses a t track patient infrmatin, such as age, bld-xygen level, and vital signs, with the last clumn indicating if a patient’s cnditin . A mdel is then trained n this data t predict risk. , yu need t train multiple mdels fr different tasks, which is time-cnsuming. With a fundatin mdel like TabPFN, yu can immediately use any dataset t make withut training a new mdel each time.
Fundatin mdels, like TabPFN, are and can be applied acrss many tasks, similar t tls like ChatGPT and Stable Diffusin. These mdels reduce the effrt and time required fr machine learning tasks, faster deplyment f AI slutins in healthcare, finance, and mre.
TabPFN has several key advantages: it can handle new datasets quickly, making predictins in f a secnd withut training. It als deals well with issues like missing values and utliers and perfrms excellently n datasets with up t 10,000 rws and 500 clumns.
T vercme the challenge f limited real-wrld data, TabPFN was pre-trained n 100 millin randmly generated data table that real data’s statistical prperties. This allwed it t learn general patterns withut relying n actual datasets.
Even if predictins can be made in less than a secnd, TabPFN is nt challenges. It is a “black bx,” s users cannt easily understand hw it makes predictins. It may als with very large datasets, particularly thse with ver 10,000 rws and 500 clumns. As the first mdel f its kind, its full and limitatins are still being explred.
Despite these challenges, TabPFN culd mark the beginning f a in tabular machine learning. Data scientists may sn use fundatin mdels like TabPFN t handle much f the heavy lifting, pening the dr fr faster, mre efficient machine learning applicatins, similar t the impact f large language mdels n natural language prcessing.
21．A．uniqueB．cmplexC．typicalD．temprary
22．A．cmplicatesB．simplifiesC．restrictsD．blcks
23．A．diagramB．chartC．graphD．table
24．A．wrsenedB．expandedC．evlvedD．decreased
25．A．OccasinallyB．SimilarlyC．TraditinallyD．Typically
26．A．assumptinsB．predictinsC．evaluatinsD．preparatins
27．A．flexibleB．systematicC．trainedD．apprachable
28．A．prvidingB．imprvingC．gainingD．enabling
29．A．transitinsB．micrsecndsC．duratinsD．fractins
30．A．representB．ignreC．imitateD．reject
31．A．faced withB．free frmC．striving frD．cmbined with
32．A．benefitB．enhanceC．struggleD．lengthen
33．A．schemesB．ptentialsC．utputsD．intentins
34．A．declineB．chargeC．shiftD．mdificatin
35．A．harmfulB．gradualC．insignificantD．transfrmative
I spent an hur r mre sitting n the flr f my bedrm in my nightgwn, unpacking my bks frm the traveling trunk and putting them n the bkshelf. I arranged them alphabetically: Luisa May Alctt, Frances Hdgsn Burnett, Lewis Carrll, Charles Dickens... Then I tk them all ff the shelf and started again. This time I used the spines t create a rainbw f clr— blue, green, gray, black...
I put my bk f fairy tales n the bedside table; it didn’t live with my ther bks. My brther, Rbert, had given it t me fr my twelfth birthday, very nearly a year ag. It was filled with the mst beautiful pictures yu culd ever imagine— page after page f enchanted frests, underwater cities, and ryal palaces. The lnger yu lked at thse pictures, the mre yu wuld see— there were pictures within the pictures, wrlds within wrlds.
My new bedrm was at the back f the huse verlking the garden and the wds beynd. I pened the heavy curtains and std at the dark windw, but all I culd see was my wn reflectin lking back at me.
There were dark circles under my eyes; my hair was a tangled brwn mess. A year ag, Mama wuld have laughed and said, “Yu lk like yu’ve been dragged thrugh a hedge by a runaway pny, Hen.” She wuld have pulled me tward her and gently brushed at the bird’s nest until my hair shne. She wuld have kissed me gd night.
I blinked away the tears, and pulled the curtains tgether behind me t shut ut the light.
The darkness beynd the windw was vast and deep, nthing like the hazy gray f Lndn at night. This sky belngs in my bk f fairy tales, I thught. An evil queen’s black velvet clak, embridered with diamnds.
And then I saw the smke. It was drifting up frm the shadwy wds. As I squinted at it, I saw a tiny range light flickering amng the trees. A fire. Smene has lit a fire in ur frest.
36．What distinguishes the bk f fairy tales frm the ther bks in the authr’s cllectin?
A．It was a gift frm the authr’s mther.B．It cntains pictures f beautiful places.
C．It is the authr’s favrite bk.D．It is the ldest bk in the cllectin.
37．What des the authr cmpare the night sky with when lking ut the windw?
A．A scene frm his fairy tale bk.B．The curtain f night in Lndn.
C．A stry tld by their mther.D．An adventure with their brther.
38．What is the primary theme f the passage?
A．The jy f rganizing and arranging persnal belngings.
B．The imprtance f family traditins and heirlms.
C．The excitement f discvering new places and adventures.
D．The cmfrt fund in familiar rutines during times f change.
39．What des the authr’s interactin with the bk f fairy tales symblize in the passage?
A．A desire t escape reality and immerse in fantasy.
B．A lnging fr childhd inncence and simplicity.
C．An appreciatin fr artistic beauty and creativity.
D．A cnnectin t their brther and family memries.
A well-designed PwerPint presentatin can help cmmunicate yur ideas effectively and engage yur audience. T avid creating text-heavy slides that bre yur audience, fllw these essential 4 srts f tips cmpiled frm PwerPint expert Ferry Perebm.1. Text Tips:
Keep Text Shrt: Stick t the 5×5 rule—n mre than 5 lines with 5 wrds per line.
Chse Readable Fnts: Use classic, easy-t-read fnts like Calibri r Helvetica.
Fnt Size: Set headers t 20pt and bdy text t 18pt fr better legibility.2. Design Tips:
Increase Cntrast: Make text easy t read by using high cntrast, such as dark text n a light backgrund.
Use Clrs Wisely: Chse clrs based n yur audience—bright clrs fr infrmal presentatins and subdued (柔和的) tnes fr prfessinal settings.
PwerPint Shapes: Replace bullet pints with shapes t make yur message clearer and visually appealing.
Select Relevant Visuals: Use high-quality images that supprt yur message and maintain cnsistency.
Mck-ups Over Screenshts: Use device mck-ups instead f screenshts fr a mre plished lk.
Visualize Data: Use graphs, charts, and SmartArt t represent data clearly.
Simplify Tables: Avid clutter in tables by remving unnecessary brders and clrs.
Industry Templates (模版): Use industry-specific templates t make yur slides mre relevant.3. ____________:
Minimize Transitins: Use simple transitins, like fade, t keep the fcus n yur cntent.
Presenter View: Use Presenter View t mnitr time, slides, and ntes.
Prvide an Outline: Start with a welcme slide, fllwed by a menu slide and a summary slide t help yur audience fllw alng.4. Hardware Tips:
Back Up Yur Presentatin: Save yur slides in multiple frmats (e.g., PDF r Ggle Slides) t prevent technical issues.
By applying these tips, yu can create a PwerPint that is engaging, clear, and prfessinal, ensuring yur message is cmmunicated effectively.
40．Which f the fllwing phrases can best fill in the blank?
A．Standardizatin TipsB．Orientatin Tips
C．Limitatin TipsD．Easy-t-Read Tips
41．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing may upset the audience’s visual experience during a rather frmal meeting?
A．Templates custmized fr the crrespnding academic fields.
B．Calm and sft backgrund clrs cmbined with texts using high-cntrast clrs.
C．A diagram directly captured frm a paper via print screen key n the keybard.
D．Ideas described in an easy frm and apprpriate number f technical terms.
42．Sheryl is preparing fr her annual academic medical utcme presentatin. Fllwing is ne f her slides. T mdify the unprper place(s), she shuld refer t Srt ________ f tips.
A．1B．2C．1 and 4D．1,2, 3 and 4
Attempts t genetically engineer the American chestnut tree (Darling 58) have failed, expsing the risks f rushed slutins t cmplex prblems. In December 2023, the American Chestnut Fundatin (TACF) annunced it was ending its years-lng effrt t create a blight-resistant chestnut. These trees grew prly, failed t resist disease, and ften died.
The American chestnut, nce abundant in Eastern U.S. frests, was destryed by blight in the early 1900s. Sme surviving trees spruted frm stumps r resisted the disease naturally. Effrts t restre the species have divided scientists int tw camps: ne advcating fr natural restratin and the ther fr genetic engineering (GE). The GE apprach started in 1989, led by researchers at SUNY-ESF with backing frm industry players like Duke Energy, and Mnsant.
In 2020, researchers sught USDA apprval t deregulate Darling 58. The tree was engineered with a wheat gene t cmbat the acid prduced by chestnut blight. Hwever, critics argued the testing perid was t shrt t predict the tree’s lng-term impact. The prpsed plan t spread GE traits thrugh wild frests sparked fears f eclgical harm.
By 2023, it was revealed that years f research had mistakenly used the wrng tree variety (Darling 54). TACF withdrew supprt, citing pr results, reduced survival rates, and cmmercial cnflicts invlving a fr-prfit cmpany. Despite setbacks, SUNY-ESF cntinues t push fr USDA apprval, claiming the trees are safe.
Meanwhile, rganizatins like the American Chestnut Cperatrs Fundatin fcus n natural methds, breeding pure chestnuts with blight resistance. Hybridizatin with Chinese chestnuts is anther methd under develpment.
The Darling 58 debacle highlights the risks f genetic engineering and cmmercial mtives behind GE trees. Critics argue that GE is less abut frest health and mre abut prfits frm faster-grwing r industrially mdified trees. As the debate cntinues, the lessn remains clear: science must prceed cautiusly, especially when dealing with lng-living species like trees.
43．The primary purpse f this passage is t ________.
A．criticize the use f genetic engineering n chestnut trees in frest restratin.
B．describe the main histry f the American chestnut tree’s decline since the 1900s.
C．explain the cntrversy surrunding the restratin f the American chestnut tree.
D．prmte natural breeding as the best slutin fr chestnut tree restratin.
44．Why did the USDA petitin fr Darling 58 face criticism?
A．The testing perid was nt lng enugh t predict lng-term effects.
B．The genetically engineered trees were nt resistant t blight.
C．The USDA was accused f favring genetic engineering cmpanies.
D．The petitin did nt include input frm envirnmental scientists.
45．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing statements is TRUE?
A．Darling 58 chestnut trees were apprved fr widespread planting in 2023.
B．Natural methds f restring the American chestnut shw n prmise.
C．Critics believe the genetic engineering is prfit-driven rather than eclgical.
D．TACF fully supprts SUNY-ESF’s effrts with Darling 58 chestnut trees.
46．What can be inferred abut releasing genetically engineered trees int the wild?
A．It may lead t deregulatin and cmmercializatin f GE trees.
B．It will rapidly restre ecsystems with minimal risks.
C．It prves crprate interests align with envirnmental gals.
D．It shws GE is mre reliable than natural restratin.
The cmplex relatinship between music and memry is prfund. Music acts as a strng trigger fr emtins and memries, transprting individuals back t specific mments in the past.
Lng-term memry splits int explicit and implicit types. Explicit ne invlves cnscius recall, like academic learning and persnal experiences. Implicit memry wrks autmatically, like playing instruments r remembering lyrics. 47 It ften lasts a lifetime even withut practice. Diseases like Alzheimer’s mainly affect explicit memry systems.
48 This leads t a liking fr familiar pieces due t the mere expsure effect. Majr recrd labels use it thrugh frequent airplay t bst recrd sales. Implicit memry wrks like classical cnditining, where an event, emtin, and sng becme linked. Eltn Jhn’s “Candle in the Wind” is strngly cnnected with Princess Diana as he perfrmed it at her funeral.
Music-triggered memries ften cme frm imprtant life stages, especially between the ages f 10 and 30, knwn as the “reminiscence bump.” Music frm this time is mre likely t be linked with vivid memries cmpared t ther perids. The teenage years and twenties are crucial fr frming music preferences. 49 It helps them recall vivid memries frm their yuth. Despite severe memry lss, peple with dementia ften remember music well. Research shws self-chsen music can bring back psitive memries that might therwise be hard t recall.
Music helps unlck nn-musical memries and imprves cmmunicatin amng lder adults with Alzheimer’s disease, a srt f disease cncerning ne’s lng-term memry. Listening t music frm imprtant life events, like weddings r funerals, can bring abut deeply nstalgic and emtinal experiences. 50
A．It is nw widely used t cure lts f severe diseases.
B．This emtinal cnnectin allws individuals t recall details f their past.
C．Music’s ability t reach the minds f Alzheimer’s patients is remarkable.
D．Explicit memry fades withut active recall, but implicit memry is durable.
E．Implicit memry can frm thrugh passive listening t backgrund music.
F．Remembering things is ften hard, but music helps bring back memries linked t a sng.
二、书面表达
51．Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Inside the NFL Ftball Factry
Cheering fr yur ftball team as they thrw a lng pass is a classic American traditin that started in the late 1800s. Tday’s ftballs, ften called “pigskins,” are n lnger made frm pig bladders. They are made frm cwhide leather with rubber inside. Even thugh the materials have changed, the shape and size f NFL ftballs have stayed the same fr ver 100 years.
Dr. Rabindra Mehta, a frmer NASA scientist, explains that a ftball is designed t be mre aerdynamic than a baseball. Ftballs are made frm fur pieces f leather, shaped like leaves and sewn tgether inside ut. The leather is then steamed t make it sft enugh t turn right-side ut. An air bladder is inserted, and the ftball is laced by hand.
A ftball isn’t a perfect sphere (球体) but a prlate spherid, which means it’s val-shaped with pinted ends. This shape makes it easier t grasp and helps the ball travel lnger distances. The surface f the ftball, including the texture f the leather, the stitching, and the laces, helps the air flw stay attached lnger, reducing drag cmpared t a rund bject like a baseball.
When a baseball flies thrugh the air, the air bends arund it, creating drag that slws it dwn. Glf balls have dimples n their surface t reduce drag. Similarly, the textured surface and curved shape f a ftball help create a turbulent (湍流的) layer f air arund it, allwing air t stay attached lnger and reducing drag.
MIT prfessr Anette Hsi says it’s hard t predict drag n bjects like ftballs. Drag depends n the shape f the air behind the ball, which changes with the ball’s psitin, speed, and surface texture. Air temperature als affects drag; warmer air is less dense, s ftballs may fly farther n warmer days.
A ftball thrwn with a tight spiral (螺旋形) is fun t watch. The spin f the ball stays aligned with the directin it’s mving, just like a bullet. This skill is what makes quarterbacks s impressive.
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三、未知
52．他背上行囊，与家人告别，踏上了伟大征途。(farewell)(汉译英)

四、翻译
53．落日霞光下的海面熠熠生辉，各地游客络绎不绝。(stream) (汉译英)

54．古人对天文现象的独特理解浓缩于“银河”之名，尽显他们对迷人星空的浪漫想象。(capture) (汉译英)

55．既然那场悲剧已时过境迁，那么为何村里人仍心有余悸，甚至规定每逢大年初一必须张灯结彩呢？(tragic) (汉译英)

五、未知
56．Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
你是未来中学的高三学生小星，正在完成一份英语学科的跨文化研习课题。请根据以下给出的报告提纲，撰写一篇文章阐述研究所得。
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A．fuel
B．escape
C． equivalents
D．patterns
E. wrestle
F. cntain
G. prmting
H. games
I. rank
J. frcing
K. addressing
Festivals in China and Western CuntriesReprter: Xia Xing
Steps
1. Chse ne typical festival frm each f China and Western Cuntries.
2. Cmpare the tw festivals in at least tw aspects, whether in cmmn r different.
(Such as the cultural backgrund, ways t celebrate, etc.)
3. Analyze why these features are in cmmn r different.
4. Find cmmnalities r differences between Chinese and Western cultures the festivals reflect.
(if any, r can be mitted)
Main Text
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