云南省昭通市2023-2024学年高一(下)开学考试英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份云南省昭通市2023-2024学年高一(下)开学考试英语试卷（解析版），共19页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37，99-$63等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力 (略)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Explre the magic f the underwater wrld
Reasns fr visiting Gergia Aquarium (水族馆) in Atlanta
Atlanta’s aquarium is hme t tens f thusands f animals including 500 species frm arund the wrld and mre than 60 habitats. The largest exhibit at Gergia Aquarium is hme t whale sharks, manta rays and mre swimmers. The secnd largest exhibit is hme t six beluga whales. And yu wn’t want t miss the dlphin exhibit and the dlphin shw at Gergia Aquarium featuring an expansive underwater dlphin viewing windw and a wnderful musical theatrical perfrmance that highlights the bnd shared between dlphins and humans.
Insider tips
○Arrive when the aquarium pens t beat the crwds.
○Have a sleepver inside sme f Gergia Aquarium’s exhibits.
○Wear a wet suit, dive int the water and swim with whale sharks, manta rays and mre
Knw befre yu g
○Gergia Aquarium is pen 365 days a year.
○Mnday-Wednesday: 9 AM-6 PM
○Thursday: 9 AM-8 PM
○Friday: 9 AM-5 PM (Early clsing fr the themed party Sips Under the Sea)
○Saturday-Sunday: 8 AM-9 PM
Tickets Pricing
1. What can we learn abut Gergia Aquarium?
A. It includes 600 species.B. It hlds vergrund dlphin shws.
C. Visitrs can stay the night there.D. Swimmers speak highly f its perfrmance.
2. When can peple visit Gergia Aquarium?
A. At 5 PM n Tuesday.B. At 6 PM n Friday.
C. At 7 AM n SaturdayD. At 8 AM n Thursday.
3. Which activity takes the mst ff the ticket price?
A. Dlphin Encunter.B. Penguin Encunter.
C. Swim with the Whale SharksD. Dive with the Whale Sharks.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【语篇解读】本文是应用文，主要介绍了游览位于亚特兰大的佐治亚水族馆的相关信息。
【1题详解】细节理解题。由Insider tips部分中的“Have a sleepver inside sme f Gergia Aquarium’s exhibits.(在乔治亚水族馆的一些展品中过夜。)”可知，游客是可以在水族馆过夜的。故选C。
【2题详解】细节理解题。由Knw befre yu g部分中的时间安排“Mnday-Wednesday: 9 AM-6 PM(周一至周三：上午9点至下午6点)”可知，周二下午五点可以去参观佐治亚水族馆。故选A。
【3题详解】细节理解题。对比Tickets Pricing部分中几个活动项目的原价和现价可知，几个活动降价分别是$69.99-$63.99=$6，$79.99-$75.99=$4，$79.99-$75.99=$4和$359.99-$335.99=$24，因此Dive with the Whale Sharks降价24美元，是降价最多的。故选D。
B
The autmbile industry is spending billins n self-driving cars, but what if we quite like driving?
One hliday a few years ag, I spent hurs being transprted n trains, buses and planes. I read a nvel fr a while, then stared ut the windw, in a black md. I was turned int gds, being shifted frm ne lcatin t anther. Then, finally, came the exciting sectin f the hliday when I hired a car.
My wife Jcasta and I fllwed the psitining system, turning right, then right again, and fund urselves in a small twn. I spke t the psitining system, “We dn’t want t be here; we want the highway.” Then it asked me t turn right again and again. With every turn, the street narrwed. The walls were s clse that I had t hld my breath.
Anther car appeared, cming twards us frm the ppsite directin. The driver signaled, telling me I had t make way. But hw? I didn’t have the curage t back up alng the impssibly narrw passage. Sn sme lcals came t help. One lady std at the back f the vehicle, waving me n. She cntinued making “this way, this way” mvements with her arms. In an act f blind trust, I fllwed her instructins, creeping (小心行进) backwards and frwards. Remarkably, it wrked. I cmpleted my turn int the side street. The ther car passed and the driver gave me a grateful wave. Then I fllwed the lady’s suggestin and — finally — saw the highway.
My hands were shaking. I breathed in and ut. Jcasta turned t me. “Yu’re my her,” she said. I lked at her, expecting a shadw f a teasing (嘲笑的) smile, but can find nne. “Yu’re my her,” she repeated. “I mean it. Yu did a really gd jb.” Finally, I managed t steady my nerves. Then we set ff again and the car sped smthly away. Wh wuld exchange all this fr a self-driving car?
4. Why are self-driving cars mentined in paragraph 1?
A. T shw the advance in technlgy.
B. T shw the authr’s lve fr driving.
C. T shw the change in the autmbile industry.
D. T lead t the authr’s hliday experience.
5. Why did the authr drive int the narrw passage?
A. He wanted t take a shrtcut.
B. He intended t thank, the lcals fr help.
C. He had t turn t avid anther car.
D. He was misdirected by the guidance system
6. What can be inferred abut the authr and his wife frm the last paragraph?
A. His wife used t laugh at him.
B. He became mre skilled at driving.
C. His wife tried t encurage and calm him.
D. He misunderstd his wife thrughut.
7. Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. A Her Behind the Wheel
B. An Adventurus Autmbile Trip
C. A Lver f Self-driving Cars
D. An Unexpected Technlgical Prblem
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. C 7. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者和妻子在度假时租了一辆车，但汽车导航把车引入了一个很狭窄的过道里，在一位女士的帮助下作者才顺利把车倒了出来，作者还收获了妻子的称赞。
【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“The autmbile industry is spending billins n self-driving cars, but what if we quite like driving?(汽车行业在自动驾驶汽车上花费了数十亿美元，但如果我们非常喜欢驾驶呢？)”和下文描述的作者假期的经历可知，第一段中but前后表示转折，前面讲述自动驾驶汽车受到了重点开发，后面讲述还是有人可能喜欢自己驾驶汽车，接着下文讲述了作者假期开车被导航误导进一个过道了，多亏了别人相助才顺利把车开出来，最后还获得了妻子的赞扬，这种经历只有亲自开车才会有，由此可推测出，第一段提到自动驾驶汽车是为了引出作者的假期经历。故选D。
【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“My wife Jcasta and I fllwed the psitining system, turning right, then right again, and fund urselves in a small twn. I spke t the psitining system, ‘We dn’t want t be here; we want the highway.’ Then it asked me t turn right again and again. With every turn, the street narrwed. The walls were s clse that I had t hld my breath.(我和妻子Jcasta跟着定位系统，向右转弯，然后又向右转弯，发现我们自己在一个小镇上。我对定位系统说：‘我们不想在这里，我们想要高速公路。’然后它一次又一次地让我右转。街道一转弯就变窄了。墙太近了，我不得不屏住呼吸。)”可推测出，作者被导航系统误导，所以开车进入了狭窄的过道。故选D。
【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“My hands were shaking. I breathed in and ut.(我的手在发抖。我吸气又呼气。)”和“‘Yu’re my her,’ she repeated. ‘I mean it. Yu did a really gd jb.’ Finally, I managed t steady my nerves. Then we set ff again and the car sped smthly away.(‘你是我的英雄，’她重复道。‘我是认真的。你做得很好。’最后，我设法稳定了自己的神经。然后我们又出发了，汽车平稳地开走了。)”可知，作者开车出来后仍然惊魂未定，双手颤抖，努力想平复心情，而作者妻子的话让作者稳住心神，成功平稳开车离开，由此可推测出，作者的妻子努力鼓励作者并让作者镇静下来。故选C。
【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者驾车旅游时在导航的指引下驶入了一条狭窄的通道，最后在当地人的帮助下成功倒车出来并收获了妻子的称赞。结合最后一段中妻子的话“Yu’re my her(你是我的英雄)”可知，作者成功克服了困难，妻子对他进行赞扬，A项“开车的英雄”既是对作者成功解决困难的肯定，也与妻子称赞他为英雄的内容相照应。故A项做文章标题最佳。故选A。
C
It’s midafternn. Yu’re full frm lunch. The day is warm. Yu’re starting t feel sleepy. Shuld yu give in t the cmfrt f a nap (小睡)?
Frm the viewpint f health, it may be wrth it. Thugh there is a hassle when it cmes t whether napping benefits everyne, we generally acknwledge that naps can imprve at least sme peple’s cgnitive (认知的) perfrmance in the shrt term.
Fr example, scientists reviewed a past experiment that fcused n healthy participants with regular sleep cycles. In that experiment, participants were given math prblems that culd be slved with a shrtcut that they weren’t tld abut. Sme participants were encuraged t take a nap befre dealing with the prblems. It was fund that thse wh napped-and spent even just 30 secnds in the first, lightest stage f sleep-were 2.7 times mre likely t figure ut the math shrtcut than thse wh stayed awake. But entering a deeper sleep stage had a negative effect.
The benefits f napping are strngest fr peple wh have sleep debt, such as shift wrkers, new parents and elderly peple whse nighttime sleep is always interrupted. They all seem t get a bst thrugh napping: a 2013 study fcusing n such peple, fr example, shwed that taking a nap during ne’s night shift wrk reduced sleepiness and imprved verall perfrmance, even if peple were slightly inactive as they came ut f their nap-a phenmenn called “sleep inertia (惰性)”.
There is smething we can d t reduce sleep inertia. A 20-minute nap is gd fr recharging, and 60 t 90 minutes f sleep can be even mre restrative. The nap t avid is ne lasting mre than 20 minutes and less than 60 minutes, which is mst likely t lead t sleep inertia.
8. What des the underlined wrd “hassle” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Debate.B. Tendency.C. Guidance.D. Judgement.
9. What did the experiment find abut napping?
A. It imprves memry.B. It helps clear ne’s mind
C. It may prmte ne’s health.D. It has a bad influence n peple.
10. What can we infer abut the subjects f the 2013 study?
A. They tended t nap mre.B. They were inactive in daytime.
C. They came ut f their naps slwly.D. They didn’t get enugh nighttime sleep
11. Hw can we avid sleep inertia?
A. By taking fewer naps.B. By napping within 1 hur.
C. By managing the nap length.D. By aviding lng naps.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C
【语篇解读】本文是说明文，在下午三四点钟，你肚子很饱，天气很暖和，你开始感到困倦了。你应该屈服于小睡的舒适吗？小睡对你有好处吗？本文告诉你答案。
【8题详解】词句猜测题。画线词所在部分是让步状语从句，因此可以判断，a hassle与主句的generally acknwledge应在含义上对立。主句“we generally acknwledge that naps can imprve at least sme peple’s cgnitive (认知的) perfrmance in the shrt term.(但我们通常承认，小睡至少可以在短期内提高一些人的认知能力)”指出我们通常都认为小睡至少能在短期内提升一些人的认知表现，因此可推断出，从句应表示尽管在小睡是否让所有人受益方面存在争议/争论/分歧。hassle与debate含义接近，故选A项。
【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“It was fund that thse wh napped-and spent even just 30 secnds in the first, lightest stage f sleep-were 2.7 times mre likely t figure ut the math shrtcut than thse wh stayed awake. But entering a deeper sleep stage had a negative effect.(研究发现，那些在睡眠最轻的第一阶段小睡了30秒的人比那些保持清醒的人更有可能找到数学捷径，这个概率是其他人的2.7倍。但是进入深度睡眠阶段会产生负面影响。)”可知，该实验发现小睡有助于使人头脑清醒。故选B。
【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“The benefits f napping are strngest fr peple wh have sleep debt, such as shift wrkers, new parents and elderly peple whse nighttime sleep is always interrupted. They all seem t get a bst thrugh napping (小睡的好处对于那些有睡眠债务的人来说是最大的，比如轮班工人，初为人父母的人和夜间睡眠总是被打断的老年人。他们似乎都能通过小睡得到提升)”可推知，研究对象是一些有睡眠负债的人，他们夜晚的睡眠不充足。故选D。
【11题详解】推理判断题。最后一段“There is smething we can d t reduce sleep inertia. A 20-minute nap is gd fr recharging, and 60 t 90 minutes f sleep can be even mre restrative. The nap t avid is ne lasting mre than 20 minutes and less than 60 minutes, which is mst likely t lead t sleep inertia.(我们可以做一些事情来减少睡眠惰性。20分钟的小睡有助于恢复体力，60到90分钟的睡眠甚至可以让你恢复体力。要避免的小睡持续时间超过20分钟，少于60分钟，这很可能导致睡眠惰性。)”介绍了如何减轻睡眠惰性。20分钟以及60至90分钟的小睡都有作用，但是20分钟以上、60分钟以下的小睡最有可能导致睡眠惰性。由此可推知，小睡的时间要安排好，既不能太短，也不能太长。故选C。
D
Eating insects is ne f thse ideas that never quite seem t catch n. The United Natins supprted the idea a decade ag, but, in the West at least, insects remain mstly absent frm supermarket shelves. Faced with this situatin, scientists have been explring ther ptins. One is t feed insects t farm animals, which are nt s picky.
Of curse, insects need t eat, t. T date, they have mstly been raised n leftver chicken feed. But the supply f that is limited, and if insect-raised meat is t take ff, new surces will be needed. In a paper in the Jurnal f Applied Entmlgy, Niels Thmas Eriksen, a bichemist at Aalbrg University, suggests feeding them n the waste prducts f the beer industry.
The wrld kncks back arund 185 billin litres f beer every year. Each litre prduces between three and ten litres f wastewater full f abandned substances that are richer in prtein but nt in carbhydrates (碳水化合物), especially cmpared with chicken feed. Mst insects grwn fr feed depend, in the wild, n the carbhydrates fund in fruit which ges bad. Whether insects wuld actually cnsider beer waste a square meal was, therefre, unclear.
The researchers used the baby black sldier flies. The insects were divided int three grups, which were ffered beer waste, chicken feed and a mixture f bth respectively. The researchers mnitred bth their weight gain and the amunt f carbn dixide they breathed ut, which helped assess the insects metablic (新陈代谢的) perfrmance. The babies happily cnsumed bth beer waste and chicken feed, and grew equally well n either fd surce. When Dr Eriksen made further chemical analysis, he fund few differences in the nutrients needed fr farm animals’ grwth.
What the researchers fund is gd news fr sme ther industries whse waste is likewise plentiful and prtein-rich, and they nw lk t be reasnable targets fr nutrient recycling by insects. Whether cnsumers will be willing t eat insect-raised meat, thugh, remains t be seen.
12. What d we knw abut eating insects in the beginning?
A. It will prbably catch n sn.B. Mst westerners shy away frm it.
C. It is supprted in mst f the wrld.D. Mst scientists turn dwn this idea.
13. Why were the researchers initially unsure f beer waste as insect feed?
A. Its supply is nt enughB. It cntains t much prtein
C. It lacks necessary carbhydratesD. Its chemical cntents are unknwn.
14. What did the researchers find abut the insects?
A. They preferred t eat chicken feed.B. They grew fastest n beer waste.
C. They culd turn beer waste int meat.D. They needed mre fd than expected.
15. What des the authr indicate in the last paragraph?
A. Sme industries rarely recycle their waste.
B. The practical applicatin f the findings is limited.
C. Insect-raised meat is likely t be the next fashin.
D. The experiment has an utlk beynd the beer industry.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. C 15. D
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。很多人对吃昆虫敬谢不敏，科学家想到用昆虫当饲料喂养农场牲畜，但是昆虫也需要食物，而它们的食物有限。于是科学家进行了一项实验，发现以啤酒废弃物为食的昆虫一样有营养。
【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The United Natins supprted the idea a decade ag, but, in the West at least, insects remain mstly absent frm supermarket shelves.(联合国在十年前就支持了这一想法，但至少在西方，超市货架上仍然看不到昆虫)”可知，大部分西方人还是不吃昆虫的。故选B。
【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Each litre prduces between three and ten litres f wastewater full f abandned substances that are richer in prtein but nt in carbhydrates (碳水化合物), especially cmpared with chicken feed.(每升废水会产生3到10升的废水，这些废水充满了富含蛋白质但不含碳水化合物的废弃物质，尤其是与鸡饲料相比)”可知，研究人员一开始不确定啤酒废弃物是否能作昆虫的饲料，是因为啤酒废料缺乏必要的碳水化合物。故选C。
【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“When Dr Eriksen made further chemical analysis, he fund few differences in the nutrients needed fr farm animals’ grwth.(当埃里克森博士进行进一步的化学分析时，他发现农场动物生长所需的营养物质几乎没有什么不同)”以及最后一段“What the researchers fund is gd news fr sme ther industries whse waste is likewise plentiful and prtein-rich, and they nw lk t be reasnable targets fr nutrient recycling by insects.(研究人员的发现对其他一些工业来说是个好消息，这些工业的废物同样丰富，富含蛋白质，现在它们看起来是昆虫养分回收的合理目标)”可推知，昆虫可以把啤酒废料变成肉。故选C。
【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“What the researchers fund is gd news fr sme ther industries whse waste is likewise plentiful and prtein-rich, and they nw lk t be reasnable targets fr nutrient recycling by insects.(研究人员的发现对其他一些工业来说是个好消息，这些工业的废物同样丰富，富含蛋白质，现在它们看起来是昆虫养分回收的合理目标)”可推知，该实验的前景不限于啤酒行业。故选D。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t Plitely Cancel Plans Over Text
Yu made plans with friends, but when it’s time t leave the huse, yu just dn’t have the energy. Or, maybe smething else cmes up, and yu can’t make it. ___16___ But with a few tips, yu can d it plitely.
◆Text them as sn as pssible.
That way, yur friends can rearrange their schedules. If yu knw yu cannt make it, try t text a day ahead f time. Otherwise, yur friends might be annyed abut the incnvenience. If there’s an emergency and yu have t cancel the plan at the last minute, that’s fine. ___17___
◆Be hnest abut yur situatin.
___18___ If yu’ve encuntered a change in yur schedule, just tell them what it is. Yur friends will be mre understanding if they can tell yu’re telling the truth. Just say things like: “I ran int an issue at wrk.” r “I’m dealing with sme family prblems.”
◆Ask if yu can reschedule.
Instead f saying “Let’s hang ut sn!”, pick a new time, s yur friends knw that yu’re serius. ___19___ Try t include this in yur riginal message s they knw what yu’re ding right away, and make sure it’s a plan yu can stick t s yu dn’t have t cancel again.
◆___20___
Add in ne mre nice thing t make a cmpliment (赞美) sandwich. After yu tell yur friends yu have t cancel and aplgize, let them knw hw much yu appreciate them making plans with yu. This will reassure them that yu lve spending time with them, and it can even help yu feel less guilty, t.
A. Start with yur appreciatin.
B. Thank them fr inviting yu ut.
C. Let them knw hw urgent the situatin is.
D. There’s n need t lie abut what’s ging n.
E. It shws that yu aren’t just blwing them ff.
F. Otherwise, yu shuld try t cancel ahead f time.
G. Whatever the case is, cancelling plans can be annying.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. E 20. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，文章就如何礼貌地通过短信取消计划给出了一些建议。
【16题详解】空处上文“Yu made plans with friends, but when it’s time t leave the huse, yu just dn’t have the energy. Or, maybe smething else cmes up, and yu can’t make it.(你和朋友制定了计划，但当要离开家的时候，你就是没有精力。或者，可能有其他事情发生，而你无法做到。)”提到了一些你需要取消计划的情况，空处下文“But with a few tips, yu can d it plitely.(但只要有一些小技巧，你就可以礼貌地做到这一点。)”提到有一些小技巧可以帮助有礼貌地取消计划。由此可知，本空应是承上启下句，指出计划取消可能会给人带来困扰，进而引出下文对于“礼貌地取消计划的方法”的介绍，G项“Whatever the case is, cancelling plans can be annying.(不管是什么情况，取消计划都很烦人。)”说明取消计划会很烦人，承上启下，其中的the case指的是上文提到的情况，因此G选项符合语境。故选G。
【17题详解】根据本段的主旨句“◆Text them as sn as pssible.(尽快给他们发短信。)”可知，本段提出的建议是“尽快给他们发短信”，根据空处上文“That way, yur friends can rearrange their schedules.(这样，你的朋友可以重新安排他们的日程。)”和“If there’s an emergency and yu have t cancel the plan at the last minute, that’s fine.(如果有紧急情况，你不得不在最后一刻取消计划，那也没关系。)”可知，这样做的目的是让朋友们有时间重新安排日程，以避免给他们带来不便和困扰，除非你有紧急情况，不得不在最后一刻取消安排，否则都应该尽快给朋友发短信。F项“Otherwise, yu shuld try t cancel ahead f time.(否则, 你应该尽量提前取消。)”说明了要尽量提前取消，再次与本段的段落小标题相呼应，其中，ahead f time与the last minute相对应，因此符合语境。故选F。
【18题详解】根据本段的主旨句“◆Be hnest abut yur situatin.(诚实面对自己的处境。)”可知，本段提出的建议是“诚实地说明自己的情况”。根据空处下文“If yu’ve encuntered a change in yur schedule, just tell them what it is. Yur friends will be mre understanding if they can tell yu’re telling the truth.(如果你的日程安排发生了变化，直接告诉他们是什么。如果你的朋友知道你说的是实话，他们会更加理解你。)”可知，如果你的日程发生了变化，只需告诉朋友实情，这样能够建立更好的信任关系，并且朋友会更理解你的决定。D 项“There’s n need t lie abut what’s ging n.(没有必要对正在发生的事情撒谎。)”说明了要说出实情，符合此处的语境，选项中的lie abut what’s ging n与上文中的telling the truth相呼应。故选D。
【19题详解】根据本段的主旨句“◆Ask if yu can reschedule.(询问是否可以重新安排时间。)”可知，本段提出的建议是“询问你们是否可以重新约时间”。根据空处上文“Instead f saying “Let’s hang ut sn!”, pick a new time, s yur friends knw that yu’re serius.(与其说“我们快点出去玩吧!”，选择一个新的时间，这样你的朋友就知道你是认真的。)”可知，询问朋友是否可以重新约时间可以显示出自己的诚意和重视，且有助于朋友建立朋友对你的信任，并使他们更愿意与你重新安排时间。E 项“It shws that yu aren’t just blwing them ff.(这表明你并不只是敷衍他们。)”说明了重新约时间表明你没有敷衍他们，而是认真的，因此承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】空处为段落小标题。根据下文中的“let them knw hw much yu appreciate them making plans with yu. This will reassure them that yu lve spending time with them, and it can even help yu feel less guilty, t.(让他们知道你有多感激他们和你一起制定计划。这会让他们放心，你喜欢和他们在一起，这甚至可以帮助你减少罪恶感。)”可知，本段的建议是，在告诉朋友你需要取消计划并道歉之后，你要向朋友表达感谢，B项“Thank them fr inviting yu ut.(谢谢他们邀请你外出。)”说明了要对朋友表示感激，能够准确地表达本段的观点，因此可作为本段小标题。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When was the last time yu made space in yur life t play? When I was a kid, I knew exactly what play ___21___. It was climbing trees. It was ___22___ mud pies. But as I gt lder, I fund peple arund were less and less ___23___ f my playful attitude. Pressure frm wrk ___24___ me t tne dwn my persnality until I almst frgt hw t ___25___. It’s a cmmn stry. As we grw up, we ___26___ur cnnectin t ur childhd memries f imaginatin and play. We’re tld t act ___27___ and nt waste time.
This is a prblem. Play is an ___28___ need like sleep and nutritin. When we dn’t experience it ___29___ we will have deficits(缺失). Researchers argue that play can allw us t think mre creatively and ___30___ scial cperatin.
T bring mre play int yur life, yu dn’t necessarily need t make any significant ___31___ r rewrk yur entire schedule. Yu can start small, smething as ___32___ as bserving tiny mments in nature. Any increase in play thrughut yur day is a ___33___—whether it’s a hbby like painting, playing a bard game, r just a new, ___34___ attitude. Just fllw the example f yur inner child and he can lead yu t find mre ___35___.
21. A. neededB. stressedC. shwedD. meant
22. A. sellingB. makingC. findingD. saving
23. A. prudB. tlerantC. apprvingD. deserving
24. A. frcedB. enabledC. remindedD. inspired
25. A. wrkB. fightC. playD. share
26. A. find fault withB. lse track fC. take delight inD. make peace with
27. A. humblyB. naturallyC. quicklyD. seriusly
28. A. essentialB. urgentC. individualD. immediate
29. A. secretlyB. previuslyC. persnallyD. sufficiently
30. A. expectB. assessC. practiceD. accept
31. A. senseB. changesC. prgressD. cntributins
32. A. sweetB. relaxingC. simpleD. interesting
33. A. winB. pityC. dreamD. surprise
34. A. firmB. playfulC. friendlyD. psitive
35. A. valueB. luckC. helpD. jy
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生活中，腾出时间来玩耍有很多好处的。所以作者建议我们要多玩耍。
【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我很清楚玩耍的意义。A. needed需要；B. stressed强调；C. shwed展示；D. meant意味着。下文“It was climbing trees”指出了作者认为玩耍的意义是爬树，下文“my playful attitude”也是提示，下文介绍了作者对玩耍的态度，即作者所认为的玩耍的意义，故选D。
【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它（玩耍）的意义是做泥饼。A. selling卖；B. making制作；C. finding发现；D. saving挽救。由下文“mud pies”可知，此处介绍玩耍的意义是做泥饼，故选B。
【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是随着年龄的增长，我发现周围的人越来越不赞同我玩耍的态度。A. prud骄傲的；B. tlerant忍受的；C. apprving赞同的；D. deserving值得的。由but可知，前后是转折关系，即作者周围的人不赞同作者对玩耍的态度。故选C。
【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：来自工作的压力迫使我淡化我的个性，直到我几乎忘记如何去玩耍。A. frced强迫；B. enabled使能够；C. reminded提醒；D. inspired鼓励。由上文“Pressure frm wrk”和下文“me t tne dwn my persnality”可知，工作的压力迫使作者淡化自己的个性，故选A。
【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：来自工作的压力迫使我淡化我的个性，直到我几乎忘记如何去玩耍。A. wrk工作；B. fight成群飞行；C. play玩耍；D. share分享。上文“When was the last time yu made space in yur life t play?”一直在介绍作者对于玩耍的认识，此处指工作的压力使得作者忘记如何去玩耍了，故选C。
【26题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：随着我们的成长，我们失去了一些联系，我们的童年记忆的想象力和游戏。A. find fault with挑剔；B. lse track f失去联系；C. take delight in喜欢；D. make peace with与……和睦相处。由上文“As we grw up”和下文“ur cnnectin t ur childhd memries f imaginatin and play”可知，我们长大了，失去了一些联系，故选B。
【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们被告知要认真行动，不要浪费时间。A. humbly谦虚地；B. naturally自然地；C. quickly快速地；D. seriusly严肃地，认真地。由上文“We’re tld t act”可知，别人应该告知我们要认真行动，故选D。
【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：游戏和睡眠、营养一样，是必不可少的需要。A. essential必要的；B. urgent紧急的；C. individual个人的；D. immediate立即的。由下文“need like sleep and nutritin”可知，睡眠和营养是我们必不可少的需要，故选A。
【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们没有足够的经历时，我们将有缺失。A. secretly秘密地；B. previusly以前地；C. persnally亲自地；D. sufficiently足够地。由下文“we will have deficits(缺失)”可知，没有足够的经历会使我们有所缺失，故选D。
【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员认为，游戏可以让我们更有创造性地思考和实践社会合作。A. expect期望；B. assess评价；C. practice练习，实践；D. accept接受。由上文“Researchers argue that play can allw us t think mre creatively”可知，游戏可以让我们更有创造性地思考和实践社会合作。故选C。
【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了给生活带来更多的乐趣，你不需要做任何重大的改变或者重新安排你的整个计划。A. sense感觉；B. changes改变；C. prgress进步；D. cntributins贡献。由下文“r rewrk yur entire schedule.”可知，你不需要重新安排你的整个计划，这说明你不需要做出任何重大改变，故选B。
【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你可以从小事做起，比如观察大自然中的微小瞬间这种简单事。A. sweet甜的；B. relaxing令人放松的；C. simple简单的；D. interesting有趣的。由下文“bserving tiny mments in nature”可知，观察大自然中的微小瞬间是简单的事，故选C。
【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一天中，任何一次游戏的增加都是一种胜利——无论是像绘画、玩棋盘游戏这样的爱好，还是仅仅是一种新的、好玩的态度。A. win获胜，胜利；B. pity遗憾；C. dream梦想；D. surprise惊讶。由上文“Any increase in play thrughut yur day”和上文提到的玩耍很重要可知，每天增加一种游戏这是一种胜利，故选A。
【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一天中，任何一次游戏的增加都是一种胜利——无论是像绘画、玩棋盘游戏这样的爱好，还是仅仅是一种新的、好玩的态度。A. firm稳定的；B. playful好玩的；C. friendly友好的；D. psitive积极的。由上文“whether it’s a hbby like painting, playing a bard game, r just a new”和上文提到的玩耍很重要，所以说有一种新的好玩的态度是一种胜利，故选B。
【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：只要追随你内心的孩童的脚步，他就能带领你找到更多的快乐。A. value价值；B. luck运气；C. help帮助；D. jy快乐。根据上文“Just fllw the example f yur inner child and he can lead yu t find mre”可知，追随你内心的孩童的脚步，这能让你玩耍，所以你就会找到更多快乐，故选D。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ptala Palace (布达拉宫) is the highest ancient palace in the wrld. The palace, ____36____ (name) after a hly hill, is said t be used fr greeting a Han princess. Legend has it that in the 7th century, ____37____ (greet) his bride (新娘) Princess Wencheng f the Tang Dynasty, Sngtsen Gamp built a palace with a thusand rms up n the Red Hill and named it Ptala. The palace was ____38____ (main) made f stnes and wds, and decrated ____39____ special lcal tree branches. Later, the ancient palace ____40____ (destry) in wars. ____41____ we see at present is the architecture f the Qing Dynasty and the cntinuus expanding wrk utcme since the 17th century.
The Palace has tw parts, the Red Palace as the center and the White Palace as tw wings. The Red Palace is the ____42____ (high) part in the center that is cmpletely devted t religius (宗教的) study. It was painted red t represent pwer. It cnsists f different halls and ____43____ (library) n many levels with winding passages. The White Palace, ____44____ nce served as the ffice building f the lcal gvernment, makes up the living quarters (居住区)， and _____45_____ (it) walls were painted white t express peace and calmness.
【答案】36. named 37. t greet 38. mainly 39. with 40. was destryed 41. What 42. highest 43. libraries 44. which 45. its
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了布达拉宫的历史和特点，包括其命名由来、建造过程、建筑特色以及其在西藏与王朝交流中的重要地位。
【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这座宫殿以一座圣山命名，据说是用来迎接汉朝公主的。分析句子结构可知，此句中已有谓语，故此处使用所给词的非谓语动词形式。空处与其逻辑主语“The palace”之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用过去分词。故填named。
【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：传说公元7世纪，松赞干布为了迎接他的新娘唐朝文成公主，在红山上建造了一座千室宫殿，并将其命名为布达拉宫。分析句子结构可知，此句中已有谓语动词built，故此处使用所给词的非谓语形式。结合语境可知，此处应使用动词不定式作目的状语。故填t greet。
【38题详解】考查副词。句意：宫殿主要由石头和木头建造，并装饰着当地特殊的树枝。空处修饰动词短语“was made f”，应用副词形式作状语。故填mainly。
【39题详解】考查介词。句意：宫殿主要由石头和木头建造，并装饰着当地特殊的树枝。decrate ... with ...为固定搭配，意为“用……装饰……”。故填with。
【40题详解】考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：后来，这座古宫殿在战争中被毁。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语。根据语境可知，句子应用一般过去时。“the ancient palace”与空处是动宾关系，句子应用被动语态。主语“the ancient palace”为单数形式，be动词用was。故填was destryed。
【41题详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们现在看到的是清朝的建筑和17世纪以来不断扩大的工作成果。分析句子结构可知，“we see at present”为主语从句，空处在从句中充当see的宾语，表示“我们现在所看到的布达拉宫”。what在主语从句中作宾语，意为“……的事物”，且空处位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填What。
【42题详解】考查形容词的最高级。句意：红宫是中心最高的部分，完全致力于宗教研究。由句意可知，这里表示“最高的”部分，所以应用形容词最高级。故填highest。
【43题详解】考查名词的数。句意：它由多层不同的大厅和图书馆组成，有蜿蜒的通道。library意为“图书馆”，为可数名词。空前有different修饰，且空处与halls并列，所以此处应用library的复数形式。故填libraries。
【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：白宫曾是当地政府的办公楼，是生活区，墙壁被漆成白色，以表达和平与平静。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，并在该从句中作主语，从句修饰指物的先行词The White Palace，应用关系代词which。故填which。
【45题详解】考查代词。句意：白宫曾是当地政府的办公楼，是生活区，墙壁被漆成白色，以表达和平与平静。空处修饰名词walls，作定语，应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，最近你很苦恼，因为你经常和父母发生争执。请你给英国笔友 Tm写一封信，向他倾诉你成长中的烦恼。内容包括：
1.父母的过度关心带给你的困惑和烦恼;
2.向 Tm 寻求解决方案。
注意：
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯;
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tm,
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tm,
These days, I feel upset because I quarrel with my parents abut everything. At schl I am gd at maths and English, while I find physics difficult t learn. But my parents think I shuld always d my best in every subject. Whenever I cme back hme late, they will get very angry with me. Yu knw I like playing basketball, but when weekends cme, they dn’t allw me t d anything except fcusing n my lessns. Nw I am n lnger interested in my study. Can yu give me sme advice n hw t get alng with my parents?
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In the first and secnd grades, I was extremely shy. I had friends, but it just wasn’t in my persnality t be very utging, even if I knew smene well. I was even quieter with strangers, and s I wasn’t very gd at meeting new peple. I was afraid that I wuld d r say smething wrng.
S in ur schl’s annual grand play, I usually sat in a secluded (僻静的) crner t watch the perfrmance alne. I hped t sit in the backgrund and watch the actrs sweat in frnt f all thse pairs f eyes.
One day in the third grade, my teacher Mrs. Sally called me int her ffice and said, “Oh, Mary, yu re great at memrizing things, and yu have such a sweet persnality. Perfect fr Jenny! ‘But I bwed my head and dared nt speak. The teacher saw this and then said, “Of curse, plenty f girls wuld lve the rle, and I culd find smebdy else. But I hpe yu culd try it fr me. I had yu in mind fr Jenny while writing the play! If yu really dn’t want t, I wn’t frce yu. It’s yur chice.”
My mind was spinning (快速旋转) faster than the windmill (风车) n the schl playgrund. Mrs. Sally, whm I lved and admired, wanted me t play this rle. She believed in me. My eyes mved acrss the rm t a pster I had never nticed befre. It shwed a shting star and read, “If yu reach fr the stars, yu might at least grab a piece f the mn.” I lked int Mrs. Sally’s shining blue eyes and said, “Okay, I’ll try.” I realized it was time t thrw ff my shy mask and shw the wrld wh I really was.
In the fllwing five mnths, the teacher taught me hw t set, put n makeup, memrize lines, create cstumes and s n. Gradually, I mastered (掌握) my lines and sngs.
注意：1、续写词数应为150左右；
2、请按如下格式作答。
The big day came at last.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
At that time, Mrs. Sally came backstage fr her final check-up and nticed my nervusness.
_______________________________________________________________________________
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【答案】 The big day came at last. I jgged all the way t the backstage f the schl hall. Cameras were lighting up in all directins. Lking back n five mnths’ practise, I seemed t have cnfidence in myself. I fund a new persn inside me, a much mre daring and utging persn wh had been hidden all alng. Hwever, when I was abut t g n stage, my heart was punding s hard that my thrat tightened and my knees felt weak.
At that time, Mrs. Sally came backstage fr her final check-up and nticed that my nervusness. “It desn’t matter hw yu d tnight,” she said. “Yu’ve already shwn hw wnderful yu are.” Lking int Mrs Sally’s shining blue eyes, I calmed dwn and then walked nt the stage with his warm wrds like a ray f sunshine. When I finished my perfrmance, the audience burst int applause. The scene made me feel myself flating in an cean f happiness. I knew that all this was due t the encuragement frm my teacher, wh helped me find the cnfidence t succeed.Penguin
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