2025春学年外研新版初中英语七年级下册Unit 4 The art of having fun 讲义

这是一份2025春学年外研新版初中英语七年级下册Unit 4 The art of having fun 讲义，共38页。
Unit 4 The art of having fun单词解析Dull (形容词) 愚笨的、迟钝的【用法讲解】 dull作形容词也可译为“枯燥的、乏味的、阴沉的”；dull也可为动词，译为“使迟钝、缓和”等。 Eg: The students are dull and have trouble understanding the course material.学生们很迟钝，难以理解课程内容。This movie is really dull, the plot has no excitement. 这部电影真的很无聊，情节毫无亮点。The sky turned dull with thick clouds. 填空变得阴暗，乌云密布。The noise dulled her senses. 噪音使她感官变得迟钝。The medicine dulled the pain for a while. 药物暂时缓解了疼痛。【常见搭配】 dull black 漆黑 Eg: Her dull black eyes fixed upon the gray cold face. 她漆黑的眼睛盯着那张死灰冰冷的脸上。Imagine (动词) 想象【用法讲解】 imagine后面可接名词、代词、动名词（doing）、that从句或介词短语。 Eg: Can you imagine Tom cooking dinner for twenty people?你能想象出汤姆为20个人做饭的样子吗？I imagine the ship very large. 我想象那船很大。Imagine yourself sitting on the beach in the sun. 设想你自己正坐在海滩上晒太阳。【常见搭配】 imagine as... 把...当作 Eg: I had imagined you as a big tall man. 我原猜想你是个身材高大的人。【派生词】 imagination为名词，译为“想象力” Eg: His writing lacks imagination. 他的作品缺乏想象。 Alone (副词) 单独、独自【用法讲解】 alone修饰动词时，译为“单独、独自”；alone修饰名词或代词时，译为“仅仅、只有”。 Eg: I like to work alone. 我喜欢独自一人工作。He alone was in the secret. 只有他一人知道内情。【易混辨析】 alone和lonely区别 Alone为副词，表示客观上的独自一人，不带感情色彩； lonely为形容词，译为“孤独的”，强调内心的孤独感，带有浓厚的感情色彩。 Eg: He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely. 他独自一人居住，但是他不感到孤独。Might (动词) 也许、可能、大概【用法讲解】 might为情态动词，表示可能性、请求允许、礼貌建议等；后面常接动词原形。 注意：Might表可能或建议时常用于一般疑问句中。 Eg: I might go to the movies tonight. 我今晚可能会去看电影。 （表可能性）Might I have a word with you? 我可以和你说句话吗？ （表请求允许）Might we go for a walk? 我们可以去散步吗？ （表委婉建议）Tool (名词) 工具【用法讲解】 tool为可数名词，其复数形式为tools，还可译为“方法、手段”；tool也可为动词，译为“驾车兜风”。 Eg: This tool is used for shaping wood. 这个工具是用来加工木料的。Writing is a good tool for discharging overwhelming feeling. 写作是宣泄强烈感情的好方法。OK, we could tool around in the parking together. 好的，我们可以在停车场转一圈。List (名词) 名单、清单、目录【用法讲解】list为可数名词，其复数形式为lists；list也可为动词，译为“列入、列出”。 Eg: Your name comes after mine in the list. 在名单上你的名字在我的后面。 The pupils were asked to list the sports they loved most. 要求学生列出他们最喜欢的运动。【常见搭配】 make a list (of ...) 列一张（...的）清单 A shopping list 购物单 Eg: Make a list of your questions beforehand. 事先列出你的问题。 Make a shopping list and try to keep to it. 列一张购物清单，然后尽量按清单买。Something (代词) 某物、某事、某种东西【用法讲解】 something是由some + thing构成的复合不定代词，译为“某件事、某些事”，常用于肯定句中，作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 Eg: There is something wrong with my bike. 我的自行车出了些问题。【易混辨析】 everything、something、anything和nothing区别： Everything译为“所有事物、一切”； something译为“某事、某物”，通常用于肯定句中，也可用于征求对方意见的疑问句中； Anything译为“任何事物、任何东西”，通常用于否定句和疑问句中； Nothing译为“没有什么”，本身是否定词，相当于not... anything。 Eg: Everything is OK. 一切都好。I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事情要告诉你。There is nothing to be afraid of. 没有什么要害怕的。Novel (名词) （长篇）小说【用法讲解】 novel为可数名词，其复数形式为novels。 Eg: Her latest novel is her best yet. 她的最新小说是到目前为止她的最好的小说。Magazine (名词) 杂志、期刊【用法讲解】 magazine为可数名词，其复数形式为magazines。 Eg: I borrowed a magazine from the library. 我从图书馆借了一本杂志。Solar (形容词) 利用太阳能的【常见搭配】 solar energy 太阳能 Solar system 太阳系 Eg: Solar energy is a renewable source of energy. 太阳能是一种可再生能源。 The solar system consists of the sun and eight planets. 太阳系由太阳和八大行星组成。Media (名词) 媒介物【用法讲解】 media做名词，也可译为“媒体”，其单复数形式一致。 Eg: The issue has been much discussed in the media. 这个问题在媒体上被广泛讨论。【常见搭配】 mass media 大众媒体 Social media 社交媒体 New media 新媒体 Eg: Mass media has a significant impact on public opinion. 大众媒体对公众意见有重大影响。Social media has become an important platform for information dissemination.社交媒体已成为信息传播的重要平台。New media has revolutionized the way we consume information. 新媒体已经改变了我们获取信息的方式。Bored (形容词) 厌烦的、不感兴趣的、烦闷的【用法讲解】 bored为形容词，常常用来形容人。 Eg: I feel bored sitting at home all day. 我整天坐在家里感到很无聊。【派生词】 boring为形容词，译为“令人无聊的”，常常用来修饰物； boredom为名词，译为“无聊、厌烦”。 Eg: This movie is very boring. 这部电影非常无聊。This can really be the cure to your boredom at work. 这可能是治愈你工作厌烦的良方。【常见搭配】 be bored with ... 对...感到无聊 Eg: She is bored with her job. 她对她的工作感到无聊。Feeling (名词) 感觉【用法讲解】 feeling为可数名词，其复数形式为feelings，还可译为“看法、知觉”。 Eg: We can understand her feelings. 我们能理解她的心情。 What are your feelings about this idea? 你们觉得这个主意如何？ He’s lost all feeling in the leg. 他的腿完全失去了知觉。【常见搭配】 a feeling of ... ...的感觉 My feeling is that ... 我的看法是... Eg: They’ve painted it red to create a feeling of warmth. 他们把它刷成红色以造成一种温暖的感觉。My feeling is that you ought to stay home tonight. 我觉得今晚应该呆在家里。【派生词】 feel为动词，译为“感觉”。 Eg: The movie made me feel sad. 这部电影让我感到悲伤。Lift (动词) 抬起、提起、举起【用法讲解】lift作动词还可译为“解除、使情绪高涨”；lift也可作名词，译为“电梯、搭便车”。 Eg:He lifted the box onto the shelf. 他把箱子抬到了架子上。The news lifted our spirits. 这个消息振奋了我们的精神。Martial law has now been lifted. 戒严令现已解除。【常见搭配】 take the lift to ... 坐电梯去... Give sb. a lift 给某人搭便车 Lift up 升起、提起来 Lift one’s head 抬头 Lift one’s spirits 振奋精神 Lift one’s voice 提高嗓音Take the lift to the tenth floor. 乘坐电梯到十楼。She gave me a lift home in her car. 她开车把我送回了家。I’m strong enough to lift up a big box. 我强壮得可以举起一个大箱子。She lifted her head and looked at him. 她抬起头来看着他。Try to lift your spirits. Everything will be better soon. 试着振作起来，一切都会好起来的。The teacher had to lift her voice to get the students’ attention. 老师不得不提高音量才能引起学生的注意。Funny (形容词) 使人发笑的、有趣的、滑稽的【用法讲解】 funny作形容词还可译为“奇怪的、稍有不适的、不正常的”。 Eg: Her jokes were very funny. 她的笑话非常有趣。The way he talks is very funny. 他说话的方式非常奇怪。I feel a little funny after eating that spicy food. 吃了那种辛辣的食物后，我感到有点不舒服。He’s been acting very funny lately. 他最近行为有点不正常。【派生词】 fun为不可数名词，译为“乐趣、有趣的事物”；fun也可为形容词，译为“有趣的”。 Eg: This movie is a lot of fun. 这部电影很有趣。【常见搭配】 have fun 玩得高兴、过得愉快 Have fun doing sth. 很高兴做某事 Make a fun of sb. 开某人的玩笑 Eg: He had a lot of fun at the party. 他在聚会上玩得很开心。We had fun riding our bike to the beach today. 我们今天骑自行车去海边玩得很开心。He likes to make fun of his friends. 他喜欢拿他的朋友开玩笑。 Youthful (形容词) 年轻的 Eg: Despite her age, she still had a youthful body. 尽管她上了年纪，她的身体仍然富于青春活力。He was full of youthful curiosity. 他充满了年轻人的好奇。【派生词】 young为形容词，译为“年轻的”； Youth为名词，译为“年轻人、青年时期”。 Eg: He is so young that he can’t look after himself. 他是如此年轻以至于不能照顾自己。 He had a great passion for music in his youth. 他在青年时期对音乐有着极大的热情。【常见搭配】 youth hostel 青年旅社 Eg: This is a youth hostel, so it’s only for people under 30. 这是一家青年旅社，只接待30岁以下的人。【易混辨析】 youthful和young区别 youthful常表示美好的意味，特别指精神、容貌、体力、热情等方面； young常用于人和动物，也可用于植物、国家等，词义范围较广。Invite (动词) 邀请【常见搭配】 invite sb. to 地点 邀请某人去某地 Invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 Eg: He invited me to her home. 他邀请我去她家。 They invited her to go for a walk. 他们邀请她一起去散步。 【派生词】 invitation为名词，译为“邀请”。 Eg: I got an invitation from my best friend to her birthday party. 我收到我最好朋友生日派对的邀请。Number (名词) 数目、数量【用法讲解】 number作名词，还可译为“编号”；number还可为动词，译为“给...编号”。 Eg: What’s your phone number? 你的电话号码是多少？My room number is 302. 我的房间号是302.Number the pages of your book. 给你的书编页码。【常见搭配】 a number of .... 译为“许多”，后面你常接可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词用复数； The number of ... 译为“...的数量”，后面接可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词用单数； In number 译为“在数量上” Eg: A umber of students are from England. 许多学生来自英国。The number of cars on the road has increased. 道路上的汽车数量增加了。Visitors came in numbers. 参观者蜂拥而来。Able (形容词) 有能力做...的、会做...的【用法讲解】 able可以在句中作表语或定语。 Eg: He is able to speak English. 他会说英语。He is an able manage. 他是位有能力的经理。【常见搭配】 be able to do sth. 能够做某事 Eg: Since his accident, he hasn’t been able to leave the house. 自出事之后，他一直未能离开家。【派生词】 ability为可数名词，译为“能力”，其复数形式为abilities。【常见搭配】 have the ability to do sth. 有能力做某事 Eg: He has the ability to learn quickly. 他有快速的学习能力。 She has a natural ability to learn languages. 她有天生的语言学习能力。Importance (名词) 重要（性）【用法讲解】 importance为不可数名词。【派生词】 important为形容词，译为“重要的”。【常见搭配】 It is important (for sb.) to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事是...的the importance of ... ...的重要性 Eg: Family is an important part of my life. 家庭是我生活的重要组成部分。 It’s important to develop good study skills. 培养良好的学习方法很重要。It's hard to measure the importance of good manner. 礼貌的重要性是难以估量的。Detail (名词) 细节、细微之处【用法讲解】 detail指细节或详情时，为可数名词，其复数形式为details；detail指琐事时，为不可数名词；detail也可为动词，译为“详细说明”。 Eg: I can remember every little detail. 我能记住每一个小细节。He took care of all the details of the party. 他处理了聚会的所有琐事。She detailed the process of making the cake in her blog. 她在博客中详细描述了制作蛋糕的过程。【常见搭配】 in detail 详细地 （作副词用） With detail 详细地 （作介词短语使用） Eg: He explained the plan in detail. 他详细解释了计划。 The report was written with great detail. 这份报告写得非常详细。Conclusion (名词) 结论【用法讲解】 conclusion为可数名词，其复数形式为conclusions。 Eg: The investigation took several months to reach a conclusion. 调查花了几个月才得出结论。【常见搭配】 in conclusion 最后、总之 Jump to conclusions 匆忙下结论、贸然断定 A foregone conclusion 预料中的必然结局 Eg: In conclusion, I would like to thank everyone for their contributions. 最后，我想感谢大家的贡献。There I go again -- jumping to conclusions. 我又犯老毛病了，冒冒失失地下结论。The success of the project was a foregone conclusion. 项目的成功是预料之中的。【派生词】 conclude为动词，译为“结束、得出结论”。 Eg: The meeting will conclude with a summary of the main points. 会议将以主要点的总结结束。Open - minded (形容词) 愿意考虑、不同意见的、思想开明的【用法讲解】 open - minded在句中常作定语修饰名词或作表语。 Eg: He is an open - minded person. 他是一个思想开放的人。You can talk to her about anything -- she’s very open - minded. 你什么事都可以跟她谈，她思想很开明。【反义词】 closed - minded为形容词，译为“思想封闭的”； Narrow - minded为形容词，译为“心胸狭窄的”。 Eg: He is very closed - minded and refuses to consider any new ideas. 他非常保守，拒绝考虑任何新思想。 She’s quite narrow - minded. 她非常心胸狭窄。Ourselves (代词) 我们自己【用法讲解】 ourselves是一个反身代词，在句中常作宾语、同位语或表语。【知识拓展】 其它反身代词有myself（我自己）；yourself（你自己）；herself（她自己）；himself（他自己)；itself（它自己）；yourselves（你们自己）；themselves（他们自己）。 Eg: We are so proud of ourselves. 我们对自己感到非常自豪。You'd better ask Mary herself. 你最好问问玛丽本人。The man in the photo is myself. 照片上那个人是我。【常见搭配】 enjoy oneself 玩得高兴、过得愉快 By oneself 独自地、单独地 For oneself 亲自、本人 To oneself 独自享用、独自占有 With oneself 自我控制、自我约束 Eg: We enjoyed ourselves last night. 我们昨天晚上玩得很开心。He learned to swim by himself. 他自学游泳。He signed the contract for himself. 他亲自签了合同。She kept the secret to herself. 她保守秘密，没有告诉别人。He needs to learn to control his anger with himself. 他需要学会控制自己的愤怒。Else (副词) 另外、其他、别的、另外的（用于表达不同的人、事物、地方等）【用法讲解】 else作副词时，常位于疑问代词或副词之后；else也可作形容词，译为“其他的、另外的”，此时常用来修饰不定代词，位于不定代词之后。 Eg: What else do you need? 你还需要什么？Is there anyone else in the room? 房间里还有其他人吗？【用法辨析】 else与other区别 else通常用来修饰不定代词、疑问代词或疑问副词，必须放在这些词之后； Other通常用在名词或代词之前，修饰名词或代词。 Eg: Ask somebody else to help you. 请别人帮帮你吧。 Do you have any other questions? 你还有其他问题吗？Differently (副词) 不同地、相异的【用法讲解】 differently主要用来修饰动词或整个句子。 Eg: We behave differently from our parents. 我们与父母的行为方式不同。He likes to wear something differently. 他喜欢穿不同的东西。【派生词】 different为形容词，译为“不同的”； difference为名词，译为“不同点”。【常见搭配】 be different from... 与...不同 Eg: This book is different from that one. 这本书和那本书不同。 There is a big difference between summer and winter. 夏天和冬天有很大的不同。Instruction (名词) 命令、指示【用法讲解】 instruction译为“命令、指示”时为可数名词，其复数形式为instructions；instruction译为“教学、讲授”时为不可数名词。 Eg: Since it is an instruction, I will carry it out. 既然是命令，我遵照执行。Over 500 pupils are receiving instruction here. 500多名小学生在这儿接受教育。【常见搭配】 follow one’s instructions 服从指示 Under one’s instruction 在某人的指导下 Eg: Follow my instructions, or find another job. 照我的指令做，否则就别干了。We work under Mr. Smith’s instruction. 我们在史密斯先生的指导下工作。【派生词】 instruct为动词，译为“命令、指导”。【常见搭配】 instruct sb. to do sth. 命令/指示某人做某事 Eg: He instructed us to start the work at once. 他命令我们立刻开始工作。Daily (形容词) 每日、 每天【用法讲解】 daily也可作副词，译为“日常地、每日”；daily还可为名词，译为“日报、日刊”。 Eg: Credit card has become a daily consumption payment tool. 信用卡已成为一种日常的消费支付工具。I need to take my medicine daily. 我需要每天服用药物。Do you read the daily? 你看每日报纸吗？【常见搭配】 daily life 日常生活 Eg: Commuting is a part of daily life for many people. 乘车上下班是许多人日常生活的一部分。【易混辨析】 daily与everyday区别 daily强调每天发生的事情，侧重具体的世家频率； everyday强调事物的普遍性和平常性，不强调是否每天发生。 Eg: We milk the cows daily. 我们每天挤牛奶。 It’s everyday routine. 这是每天的例行公事。While (连词) 当...时、在...时【用法讲解】 While也可作连词，还可译为“只要”和“然而”之意。Eg: My mother was cooking while my father was reading newspaper. 我爸爸在看报纸时妈妈在做饭。 While there is a way there is away. 有志者事竟成。 Some people waste food while others haven’t enough. 有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。【常见搭配】 for a while 暂时 Once in a while 偶尔 Eg: I think you’d better lay off fatty foods for a while. 我认为你最好暂时别吃高脂食物。 Once in a while she phoned him. 她偶尔给他打电话。【知识拓展】 while在做连词，译为“当...时候”时与when的区别：when，while都可表示主、从句的动作或状态同时发生，但用法不同when引导的时间状语从句中，谓语动词可以是终止性动词，也可是延续性动词；而while引导的时间状语从句中，谓语动词必须为延续性动词。 Eg: We were talking when the teacher came in. 老师进来的时候我们正在聊天。 They arrived when/ while we were having dinner. 当我们吃完饭的时候他们到了。when引导的时间状语从句与主句的时态 当主句用过去进行时时，when引导的从句则用一般过去时； Eg: They were working when it began to rain. 当开始下雨时他们正在工作。 当主句用一般过去时时，when引导的从句则用过去进行时； Eg: When I was waiting to cross the road, the accident happened. 当我正等着过马路时，交通事故发生了。 此时，能够延续的动词用过去进行时，终止性动词用一般过去时while引导的时间状语从句与主句的时态 当主句用一般过去时时，while引导的从句则用过去进行时； Eg: I saw an accident while I was walking on the road. 当主句用过去进行时时，while引导的从句则用过去进行时； Eg: While she was falling, she was thinking about her cat. 两个延续性动作同时发生，主句和while从句都用过去进行时。Housework (名词) 家务（劳动）【用法讲解】 housework为不可数名词。 Eg: She has a lot of housework to do every day. 她每天都有很多家务要做。【常见搭配】 do housework 做家务 Eg: She does the housework every day. 她每天做家务。 Explore (动词) 探讨、探究 Eg: We explore the mysteries of the universe all the time. 我们一致在探索宇宙之谜。【常见搭配】 explore sth. with sb. 与某人一起探索某事 Explore further 进一步探索 Eg: I want to explore the world with my friends. 我想和朋友一起探索世界。We should explore further before making a decision. 我们在做决定之前应该进一步探索。【派生词】 exploration为名词，译为“探索”； explorer为名词，译为“探索者”。 Eg: It’s difficult to quantify the value of space exploration. 把太空探索的价值进行量化是很困难的。 The explorer kept a journal of his adventures. 这位探险家把他的冒险经历写成日记。Discussion (名词) 讨论、谈论、商讨【用法讲解】 discussion在表示一次讨论活动或讨论等具体意义时为可数名词；在表示抽象意义的讨论或讨论的动作或状态时为不可数名词。 Eg: Let’s have a discussion about the new project proposal tomorrow. 让我们明天进行关于新工程提案的讨论。【常见搭配】 under discussion 正在讨论中 Group discussion 小组讨论 Have a discussion with sb. about sth. 和某人讨论关于某事 Eg: The new policy is still under discussion. 新政策仍在讨论中。We had a group discussion on the project. 我们就项目进行了小组讨论。We had a discussion with Lily about the importance of English. 我们和丽丽讨论关于英语的重要性。【派生词】 discuss为动词，译为“讨论”。 Eg: They are discussing freely. 他们在自由地探讨。【常见搭配】 discuss sth. with sb. 和某人讨论某事 Discuss doing sth. 商量做某事 Eg: I discussed the matter with my wife. 我和妻子讨论了这件事。 They discussed selling the house. 他们商量过买房子的事。Unforgettable (形容词) 难以忘怀的【用法讲解】 unforgettable在句中常作定语修饰名词。 Eg: It’s an unforgettable experience. 这是一次难忘的经历。【派生词】 forget为动词，译为“忘记”； forgetful为形容词，译为“健忘的”。 Eg: Don’t forget to close the door. 不要忘记关门。 I’m getting forgetful in my old age. 我上了年纪，变得健忘了。Discover (动词) 发现、找到【常见搭配】 discover + that/ wh-从句 发现... Discover ... to be + 名词/形容词/ 介词短语 发现...成为 Discover sth./sth. doing sth. 发现/撞见某人或某物在做某事 Eg:They discover that the new teacher is a martinet. 他们发现新来的老师非常严格。We discovered him to be an imposter. 我们发现他是个冒名顶替的骗子。I discovered him playing the guitar. 我发现他正在弹吉他。【易混辨析】 discover、find和find out区别 discover常指发现本来存在但未被认识的事物、真理或情况； find常指偶然发现，也可指经过寻找后得到或重新获得已失去的东西，强调动作的结果； Find out常用于经过调查、分析、研究等手段查出的情况。 Eg: Scientists discovered a new species of plant in the rainforest. 科学家在热带雨林中发现了一种新的植物物种。I found the book I was looking for. 我找到了一直在找的书。Please find out when the meeting starts. 请查一下会议什么时候开始。Mosquito (名词) 蚊子【用法讲解】 mosquito为可数名词，其复数形式为mosquitoes。 Eg: There are many mosquitoes in the garden. 花园里有许多蚊子。Insect (名词) 昆虫【用法讲解】 insect为可数名词，其复数形式为insects。 Eg: The bee is diligent insect. 蜜蜂是勤劳的昆虫。Butterfly (名词) 蝴蝶【用法讲解】 butterfly为可数名词，其复数形式为butterflies。 Eg: One day, I’ll fly away, like a butterfly. 有天，我会远走高飞，像蝴蝶一样。【常见搭配】 butterflies in one’s stomach 紧张不安 Eg: Before the presentation, I had butterflies in my stomach. 在做报告之前，我的心里很紧张。Prince (名词) 王子【用法讲解】 prince为可数名词，其复数形式为princes。 Eg: A prince is a male member of a royal family. 王子是皇室家族中的男性成员。【对应词】 princess为名词，译为“公主”。 Eg: She was got up as an Indian princess. 她被打扮成了印度公主。Monster (名词) 妖怪、怪兽、怪物【用法讲解】 monster为可数名词，其复数形式为monsters。 Eg: Both movies are about a monster in the bedroom closet. 两部电影都是关于卧室橱柜里的一个怪物。Ever (副词) 在任何时候【用法讲解】 ever译为“在任何时候”时，常用于一般疑问句、否定句或条件从句中；ever用于疑问句或否定句中，译为“曾经”，常用于现在完成时中；ever用在特殊疑问词之后，表示惊讶或强调；ever用在肯定句中时，译为“总是”。 Eg: Do you ever feel lonely? 你任何时候都感到孤独吗？Have you ever been to Japan? 你曾经去过日本吗？Where ever do you want to go? 你究竟想去哪里？He is ever repeating the same words. 他总是重复同样的话。Notice (动词) 看到、听到、感觉到、注意到【用法讲解】 notice为可数名词，译为“布告、注意、通知”，其复数形式为notices。 Eg: There is a notice on the office gate saying “No Parking.” 办公室门口上贴着一张“禁止停车”的告示。The hotel is closed until further notice. 宾馆现已停业，开业时间另行通知。Take notice of what they say. 注意听他们说。【常见搭配】 notice sb. doing sth. 注意某人正在做某事（部分过程） Notice sb. do sth. 注意某人做某事（全过程） Take notice of ... 注意... Eg: I noticed him talking on his phone during the meeting. 我注意到他在会议中正在打电话。I noticed him leave the room. 我注意到他离开了房。Take notice of the great architecture. 注意到这个主要的体系机构。Dangerous (形容词) 危险的、有危害的【用法讲解】 dangerous在句中作定语、表语或宾语补足语。 Eg: Tiger is a dangerous animal. 老虎是一种危险的动物。The traffic here is very dangerous for children. 这里的交通对孩子很危险。【派生词】 danger为名词，译为“危险”。【常见搭配】 in danger 处于危险中 In danger of ... 有...的危险 Eg: This kind of animal is in danger. 这种动物处于危险中。 He is in danger of losing his life. 他有生命危险。【对应词】 safe为形容词，译为“安全的”。 Eg: The house is not safe from theft. 这个房子不安全，容易遭窃。Social (形容词) 社交的【用法讲解】 social还可为名词，译为“社交聚会”。 Eg: We should organize more social events. 我们应该组织更多的社交活动。The guests came from all social backgrounds for this social. 客人们来自各个社会阶层，参加这个社交聚会。【常见搭配】 social events 社会活动 Social media 社交媒体 Social issues 社会问题【派生词】 sociable为形容词，译为“善于交际的”； society为名词，译为“社会”。 Eg: I’m not a very sociable person. 我不是很擅长交际。 The police play a vital role in our society. 警察在我们的社会中起着极其重要的作用。Screen (名词) 屏幕【用法讲解】 screen为可数名词，其复数形式为screens，还可译为“隔板、屏风、掩蔽物”；screen还可作动词，译为“放映、筛查”。 Eg: The screen of my computer is broken. 我的电脑屏幕坏了。The door has a screen to keep out insects. 这扇门有一个屏风来防止昆虫进入。We planted a screen of all trees. 我们种下一排大树作为屏障。A list of films to be screened as part of the festival. 作为节日活动部分内容拟放映的电影目录。The firewall can screen out malicious traffic. 防火墙可以屏蔽恶意流量。Couch (名词) 长沙发【用法讲解】 couch为可数名词，其复数形式为couches；couch还可为动词，译为“表达、埋伏、使躺下”等。 Eg: A man was sitting on a couch. 一个人正躺在沙发上。The refusal was couched in friendly language. 他用友善的语言表达了拒绝质疑。They couched in the wood to rob the travelers. 他们埋伏在树林里以抢劫游客。She couched on a sofa. 她斜倚在沙发上。【常见搭配】 couch potato 老泡在电视机前的人、电视迷 Eg: Many American are couch potato these days. 现在许多美国人都是电视迷。Sore (形容词) 疼痛的、酸痛的【用法讲解】 sore作形容词，还可译为“恼火的”；sore还可为名词，译为“痛处”。 Eg: His sore leg made walking difficult. 他腿疼，走路很困难。They are very sore at you for not helping them. 他们因为你没有帮助他们而感到非常生气。【常见搭配】 have a sore + 身体部位 = 人体部位 + be + sore “某个身体部位感到疼痛” Eg: He has a sore leg. = His leg is very sore. 他腿疼。【易混辨析】 sore和ache区别 Sore作形容词或名词使用，常位于身体部位之前； ache作名词使用，常位于身体部位之后。 Eg: I have a sore throat. 我嗓子疼。 I have a toothache. 我牙疼。Neck (名词) 颈、脖子【用法讲解】 neck为可数名词，其复数形式为necks。 Eg: He tied a scarf around this neck. 他脖子上围着围巾。Deaf (形容词) 不愿听的、不肯听取的 Eg: He is deaf in one ear. 他一个耳朵聋了。【常见搭配】 the deaf 失聪者、聋子 Fall on deaf ears 某事被忽视或不被理睬 Eg: The deaf need special attention in public places. 在公共场所需要特别关注聋子。My advice always falls on deaf ears. 我的建议总是没人听。【知识拓展】 blind为形容词，译为“视力不好的、盲的”； lame为形容词，译为“行动不便的、瘸的”； mute为形容词，译为“不能说话的、哑的”。 Eg: He is blind in both eyes. 他双目失明。 The horse is lame in the left foot. 这匹马腿是跛的。 She is mute because of her throat cancer. 她因为喉癌而失声。 Real (形容词) 实际存在的、非想象的【用法讲解】 real作形容词，还可译为“真实的、逼真的、天然的”。 Eg: The movie is based on a real story. 这部电影是基于一个真实的故事。His on - screen father is also his father in real life. 他那荧幕上的父亲也是他现实生活中的父亲。【派生词】 really为副词，译为“真正地”，用来修饰动词、形容词或整个句子。 Eg: He is really good at cooking. 他非常擅长烹饪。【易混辨析】 real与true区别 real表示实际存在的事物或现象，强调客观上的真实性和实际性； true强调符合事实和实际情况，侧重于事物的本质或真实性。 Eg: This is a real book. 这是一本真实的书。 The news is true. 这个消息是真的。Balanced (形容词) 均衡的【常见搭配】 keep a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食 Eg: You need keep a balanced diet. 你需要保持均衡的饮食。【派生词】 balance为名词，译为“平衡”；balance也可为动词，译为“保持平衡”。 Eg: Athletes need a good sense of balance. 运动员要有良好的平衡感。She tries to balance home life and career. 她尽力兼顾家庭生活和事业。【常见搭配】 achieve a balance 达到平衡 Lose one’s balance 失去平衡 Eg: She tried to achieve a better balance between work and play. 她尽力在工作和娱乐之间达到更好的平衡。 The boy lost his balance and fell down. 小男孩失去了平衡，摔倒了。Outside (副词) 在室外【用法讲解】 outside还可作名词，译为“外部、外表”；outside还可为形容词，译为“外面的”。 Eg: He’s waiting outside. 他在外面等。The outside of the house needs painting. 房子的外表需要油漆一下。The outside world has changed a lot. 外面的世界变化很大。【常见搭配】 outside of ... 除...之外 On the outside 外表上 Eg: Outside of work, he likes to read books. 工作之外，他喜欢读书。He looks confident on the outside. 他外表看起来很自信。【反义词】 inside为副词，译为“在里面”。 Eg: She shook it to make sure there was nothing inside. 她把它晃了晃，以确定里面没有东西。Jog (动词) 慢跑【用法讲解】 jog还可为名词，译为“慢跑活动”。 Eg: I jog every morning to keep fit. 我每天早上慢跑以保持健康。【常见搭配】 go for a jog = go jogging 慢跑 Jog along/ on 稳步前进 Jog one’s memory 唤起某人的记忆Eg: She went for a jog in the park. = She went jogging in the park. 她去公园慢跑了一下。 Life is jogging along nicely. 生活稳步向前。 That photo really jogged my memory. 那张照片真的唤起了我的记忆。Fresh (形容词) 新鲜的【用法讲解】 fresh还可作名词，译为“开始、新生”；fresh还可作副词，译为“刚刚”。 Eg: He wants a fresh start. 他想要新生。Fresh from the oven 刚出炉的【常见搭配】 fresh air 新鲜空气 Eg: I need more fresh air. 我需要更多的新鲜空气。Tennis (名词) 网球（运动）【用法讲解】 tennis为不可数名词。 Eg: She is good at tennis. 她擅长网球。【常见搭配】 play tennis 打网球 Tennis player 网球运动员 Eg: Let’s play tennis this afternoon. 今天下午我们去打网球吧。 She is a famous tennis player. 她是一名网球运动员。Hike (动词) （在...）徒步旅行、远足【用法讲解】 hike也可为名词，译为“徒步旅行、远足”。 Eg: You could hike through the Fish River Canyon. 你可以徒步穿鱼河峡谷。They went on a ten - mile hike through the forest. 他们做了一次穿越森林的十英里徒步旅行。【常见搭配】 go hiking 去远足 Hike up 提高、增加 Eg: If the weather is fine, we’ll go hiking this weekend. 如果天气好，我们这个周末就去远足。 The government hiked up the price of milk by over 40%. 政府把牛奶的价格提高了四成多。Ours (代词) （属于）我们的【用法讲解】 ours为名词性物主代词，在句中作主语、宾语或表语，后面不可接名词。 Eg: Ours is better yours. 我们的比你们的好。This house is ours. 这个房子是我们的。【派生词】 our为形容词性物主代词，译为“我们的”，其后需接名词。 Eg: This is our house. 这是我们的房子。 课文解析The art of having fun 玩乐的艺术【用法讲解】 art为名词，译为“艺术、艺术作品”等。 Eg: She teaches art history at this college. 她在这所大学教艺术史。【派生词】 artist为名词，译为“艺术家”； actor为名词，译为“男演员”； actress为名词，译为“女演员”。 Eg: She’s an artist whose work I really admire. 这位艺术家的作品令我赞叹不已。Shen Teng is a famous actor in China. 沈腾是一位著名的中国男演员。My sister is an actress. 我姐姐是一名女演员。From music to films, sports to games, there are endless ways to enjoy ourselves. 从音乐到电影，从运动到游戏，有无穷无尽享受快乐的方式。知识点一：【用法讲解】 Endless为形容词，译为“无尽的、无止境的”。 Eg: The journey seemed endless. 旅程似乎没有尽头。【派生词】 end为名词，译为“尽头、结尾”；end也可为动词，译为“结束、终止”。 Eg: The end of the book is very interesting. 书的结尾很有趣。The war ended in 1945. 战争在1945年结束。The strike was ended after a week of negotiations. 经过一周的谈判，罢工结束了。【常见搭配】 at the end of... 在...的尽头、末端 By the end of ... 到...为止 In the end 最后 Eg: At the end of the month, we will have a party. 月底我们将举办一个聚会。By the end of the year, he had read all the books in the library. 到年底，他已经读完了图书馆中所有的书。知识点二：In the end, he realized his mistake. 最后，他意识到了自己的错误。Enjoy为动词，译为“享受、喜欢”。【常见搭配】enjoy oneself 玩得高兴、过得愉快 Enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 Eg: We enjoyed ourselves at the party last night. 我们昨晚在派对上玩得很愉快。 She enjoys reading books very much. 她非常喜欢读书。Reading online news 阅读在线新闻【用法讲解】 news为不可数名词；作主语时，谓语动词需用单数形式。 Eg: What’ s the latest news about the election? 选举的最新消息是什么？【常见搭配】 a piece of news 一条消息 Eg: Today, I read a piece of news in China Daily. 今天，我读了《中国日报》的一则新闻。【易混辨析】 Message、information与news的区别：Information (不可数名词) “信息；消息”常指通过观察、学习、调查或交谈所获得的消息、情报及资料等。在表示信息数量时，可以用“数词 + 量词 + of + 不可数名词”的结构，也可用some/much/a little等修饰。 Message (可数名词)“消息；电报”；常指口头、书面、无线电等多种渠道传送的信息等。News (不可数名词) “新闻”；常指通过电视、报纸、广播等新闻媒体向大众发布的各种最新消息。Eg: You can search for the information on the Internet. 你可以在网上搜寻信息。 I can leave a message for you. 我可以为你捎个口信。 I have got good news for you. 我有好消息告诉你。Connecting with friends or family 和朋友或家人联系【用法讲解】 connect为动词，译为“连接、联合、联系”。 Eg: The two cities are connected by a railway. 这两个城市有铁路相连。The two ideas connect well. 这两个观点很容易联系起来。【常见搭配】 connect with sb. 与某人建立联系或交往 Connect to ... 连接到某个设备或网络 Eg: I hope to connect with you again soon. 我希望能尽快再次与你联系。Make sure your device is connected to the Internet. 确保你的设备连接到互联网上。【派生词】 connection为名词，译为“连接”。 Eg: I’m having problems with my Internet connection. 我的互联网连接有问题。Spending the free time on one’s passions 把空闲时间花在自己热情上知识点一：【用法讲解】 spend为动词，译为“花费”，其过去式为spent。【知识拓展】 四种花费花时间做某事 It + takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. = 人 + spend + 时间 + doing sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间Eg: It took me an hour to finish my homework last night. = I spent an hour finishing my homework last night. 昨晚我花了一个小时完成作业。花钱买某物 人 spend 钱 on sth. = sth. cost 人 + 钱 = pay 钱 for sth. 付款买某物 Eg: I paid five hundred yuan for this bike. = I spent five hundred yuan on this bike.知识点二：= This bike cost me five hundred yuan. 我花500元买这辆自行车。free可为形容词，译为“免费的、自由的、空闲的”。 Eg: The concert is free for students. 这场音乐会对学生免费。 I want to live a free life. 我想过一种自由的生活。 He has free time on weekends. 他周末有空。【常见搭配】 for free 免费 Be free from ... 免除/摆脱某种状态 Have free time to do sth. 有空闲时间做某事 Eg: I got this ticket for free from somebody who didn’t want it. 我这张票没花钱，是别人不要的。The city is free from thieves. 这个城市没有盗贼。I have free time to clean the room. 我有空闲时间打扫房间。But what about the fifth one? 但第五样会是什么呢？【易混辨析】 one、ones与it作代词时区别 one指代前面提到的同类不同一个，通常用于泛指一个或一类事物； Ones是one的复数形式，用于指代复数名词。 it指代前面提到的同类同一物，无论是可数还是不可数。 Eg: Your book is interesting, I want to buy one. 你的书很有趣，我想要买一个。（同类书，但非同一本)Your book is interesting, can I borrow it? 你的书很有趣，我可以借一下吗？（同类书同一本）Green apples often taste better than red ones. 青苹果往往比红苹果好吃。After all, no one wants to get bored! 毕竟，没人想要感到无聊！知识点一：【用法讲解】 After all译为“毕竟、终究、到底”，在句中可位于句首或句尾。 Eg: So you did come after all. 这么说你到底还是来了。知识点二： After all, she is a child. 毕竟，她是个孩子。 No one译为“没有人”；no one作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Eg: No one knows the answer. 没有人知道答案。【易混辨析】 none，no one和nothing的区别 No one表示“没有一个人”，只可用来指人，不能与of连用，回答who的问句；作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 None即可表示没有人，也可表示没有物，常与of连用，回答用how many/how much的问句。 Nothing只可表示“没有物”，不可加of，回答what的问句；作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Eg: -- Who is knocking at the door? 谁在敲门？-- No one. 没有人。No one knows the answer. 没有人知道答案。None of us have been to Macao. 我们没有一个人去过澳门。知识点三：I have nothing to say. 我没什么可说的。 Bored为形容词，译为“感到无聊的”，常常用于修饰人；【派生词】 boring为形容词，译为“使人无聊的”，常常用于修饰物。【常见搭配】 be bored with ... 对...感到无聊Eg: I’m bored with this boring movie. 我对这部乏味的电影感到无聊。Fun can do away with bad feelings and lift our spirits. 乐趣能够消除不良情绪，振奋我们的精神。【常见搭配】 do away with sth./ sb. 消除、废除 Do away with doing sth. 停止某种行为或习惯 Eg: They decided to do away with the outdated rule. 他们决定废除这条过时的规则。I’ve decided to do away with smoking because it’s bad for my health. 我决定戒烟了，因为这对我的健康有害。Sitting under the trees will not be boring at all. 坐在树下绝不会无聊。【用法详解】 Not... at all主要用来表否定，表示“一点也不、根本不”等意。 Eg: She doesn’t like apples at all. 她根本不喜欢苹果。【知识拓展】Not at all. 也可以用来回答感谢，译为“不用谢、不客气”。Eg: -- Thank you very much. 非常感谢。 -- Not at all. 不客气。It becomes a moment of joy. 这会成为我们的欢乐时光。知识点一：【用法讲解】Moment为名词，译为“瞬间、时机、机遇”。【常见搭配】 at the moment 此刻、现在 For the moment 暂时 At any moment 随时 Eg: I’m busy at the moment. 我现在很忙。It’s just for the moment. 这只是暂时的。知识点二：He told me I could call him at any moment. 他告诉我随时可以给他打电话。 joy为不可数名词，译为“快乐、愉悦、高兴”。 Eg: The joy of spending time with loved ones during the holidays is priceless.在假期里和亲人共度欢乐时光是无价的。【常见搭配】 to one’s joy 使某人高兴的是知识点三： Eg: To his mother’s joy, he won first prize. 他得了头等奖，他妈妈高兴极了。【易混辨析】 become, turn, go, grow和get的区别 Become译为“变得”，强调变化过程的完成及身份的变化； Turn译为“变得”，强调变化的结果，侧重颜色、方向或状态的变化； go译为“变得”，强调由好变坏； grow译为“变得”，强调逐渐变化的过程； get译为“变得”，强调短暂或逐渐的变化，常与形容词连用。 Eg: He became famous. 他变得很有名。The leaves turned yellow in autumn. 树叶在秋天变成黄色。The meat went bad. 肉变质了。The tree grew tall. 树长高了。The days are getting longer and longer. 白天变得越来越长。Fun also keeps us feeling youthful. 乐趣也会让我们保持青春活力。【用法讲解】 Keep为动词，译为“保持；保留；持续；使...保持某种状态；饲养”【常见搭配】 keep + 形容词 “保持...” Keep sb./sth. + 形容词 “使某人/某物保持某种状态” Keep doing sth. “一直做某事” Eg: Please keep calm. 请保持冷静。Please keep promise. 请信守诺言。 Please keep the dictionary well. 请好好保存这本词典。 Please keep the room clean. 请保持房间干净。 My grandmother keeps some chicken in her yard. 我奶奶在庭院里养了一些鸡。 Mr. Wang keeps working day and night. 王先生没日没夜的工作。【易混辨析】 Too, as well, also与either区别：Too “也”常位于肯定句句尾，前面有逗号。As well “也”常位于肯定句句尾，无逗号。Also “也”位于句中，be动词、助动词、情态动词后Either “也”位于否定句句尾。Eg: She is a student, too. = She is a student as well. = She is also a student. 她也是一名学生。She isn’t a student, either. 她也不是一名学生。As George Bernard Shaw once said, “We don’t stop playing because we grow old; we grow old because we stop playing. 正如乔治.萧伯纳曾经说过的那样：“我们不是因为变老而停止玩耍；而是因为我们玩耍而变老。”知识点一：【用法讲解】once作副词，还可译为“一次”；once还可为连词，译为“一旦...就”。 Eg: Once he lived in America, but now he lives in England. 他曾经生活在美国，但现在他生活在英国。I went to Shanghai once. 我曾经去过上海一次。Once you start, you will never give up. 一旦你开始了，你就不要放弃。【常见搭配】 at once 立刻 Once again 再一次 Once in a while 偶尔 Once upon a time 很久以前 Eg: Please call me back at once. 请立刻给我回电话。Read the passage once more. 把课文再读一遍。We went to see our English teacher once in a while. 我们偶尔去看我们的英语老师。知识点二：Once upon a time there was an old man named John Hill. 从前有一个名叫约翰.希尔的老人。Stop为动词，译为“停止”，也可为名词，译为“停止、车站”【常见搭配】 stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 Stop doing sth. 停止正在作的事 Stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 Bus stop 公共汽车站 Eg: I’m tired, let’s stop to have a rest. 我累了，让我们停下来休息一会。 I’m tired, let’s stop working. 我累了，让我们停止工作。 The weather stopped me from taking a walk. 天气阻止我去散步。Research also shows that fun brings people closer. 研究还表明，乐趣能让人更亲近。【用法讲解】 Show在此处为动词，译为“展示”，也可为，名词，译为“表演”。【常见搭配】 show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 给某人看某物Eg: Please show me that photo. = Please show that photo to me. 请给我看看那张照片。Magic show. 魔术表演。You will be closer because of the shared experience! 因为共同的体验，我们会变得更亲近！知识点一：【用法讲解】 Close为形容词，译为“密切的、亲密的”；close也可为副词，译为“靠近、接近”；close也可为动词，译为“关、关闭”。 Eg: They sat close together. 他们亲密地靠在一起。 Millie is a close friend of mine. 米勒是我的一个亲密的朋友。 Please close the door. 请关门。【常见搭配】 close to ... 靠近...；接近... Close down 关闭 Eg: The store is close to my house. 这家商店离我家很近。知识点二：The factory closed down last year. 这个工厂去年关闭了。【易混辨析】 because和because of区别 because为连词，用于引导原因状语从句，连接两个完整的句子，用于回答why开头的问句； Because of为介词短语，后面接名词、代词或动名词，用于引导名词或名词短语。 Eg: He didn’t come because he was tired. 他没有来因为他累了。知识点三：I didn’t go to the park because of the rain. 因为下雨我没有去公园。【易混辨析】 Carry, bring, take, carry 区别： Carry (动词) “带”，指随身携带Bring (动词) “带来”，从别处带到说话人处 Take (动词) “带去”从说话人处带到别处 get (动词)“去拿”离开去取在回来，强调动作的往返。 Eg: You’d better bring your homework tomorrow. 你最好明天把你的作业带来。Don’t forget to take some time out to have fun and enjoy life! 不要忘记花一些时间来享受乐趣，享受生活！【用法讲解】 知识点一：forget为动词，译为“忘记”，其过去式为forgot；其反义词为remember，译为“记得”。【常见搭配】 forget/remember to do sth. 忘记/记得要去做某事 Forget/ remember doing sth. 忘记/记得做过某事 Eg: I forgot borrowing a book from you. 我忘记从你那借了一本书。知识点二： Sorry, I forgot to bring the book. 对不起，我忘记给你待那本书了。该句为祈使句，用于表达命令、请求、警告、禁止，常常在句首或句尾加please肯定祈使句结构：（1）动词原形 ( + 宾语) + 其它Be动词 + 表语(名词/形容词) + 其它Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它 Eg: Hurry up, please. 请快点！ Be careful, please. 请当心！ Let’s play together. 让我们一起玩吧！ 否定祈使句：Don’t + 动词原形 + 其它. No + 名词/动词ing. Eg: Don’t be late. 别迟到。 No photos. 禁止拍照。 No smoking. 禁止吸烟。We need to work hard. 我们需要努力工作。【用法讲解】 Need为动词，译为“需要”；Need还可作情态动词，译为“需要”；无人称和数的变化，后面接动词原形。【常见搭配】 need to do sth. “需要做某事（主动）” Need doing sth. “需要做某事（被动）” Eg: She need finish her homework in two hours. (need为情态动词) 她需要两个小时内完成作业。 She needs to finish her homework in two hours. (need为实义动词) 她需要两小时内完成作业。 The tree needs watering. 这颗树需要浇水。Having fun in your own way 以自己的方式享受生活【用法讲解】 own在此处为形容词，译为“自己的、本人的”；own也可作动词，译为“拥有”。 Eg: I have my own car. 我有自己的车。She wants to have a place of her own. 她想要拥有自己的地方。He owned a new car. 他拥有一辆新车。【常见搭配】 one’s own + 名词 某人自己的... On one’s own 独自地、靠自己 Eg: This is my own room. 这是我自己的房间。 She decided to learn to drive on her own. 她决定自学开车。When they have to stay on an island alone 当他们不得不独自待在一座岛上的时候【用法详解】 Have to译为“不得不”，其中have可随时态和人称变化，其否定形式为don’t have to，译为“不必”。Eg: If we missed the train, we should have to wait an hour at the station. 如果我们错过了火车，我们不得不在车站等一个小时。【易混辨析】have to和must区别 Have to强调客观上的需要，表示由于客观因素而不得不做某事； Must 强调主观上的义务或责任，表示说话者认为有必要或有义务去做某事。 Eg: I have to go now because I have an appointment. 我必须现在走，因为我有约。 You must study hard to pass the exam. 你必须努力学习才能通过考试。 Can it be supported by facts? 这有事实依据吗？【用法讲解】 知识点一：support为动词，译为“支持、养活、赞成、证明”。 Eg: He supported himself on two sticks. 他拄着两根拐杖。He has a large family to support. 他要抚养一大家人。I support your decision. 我支持你的决定。There is little evidence to support his idea. 没有多少证据能支持他的想法。【常见搭配】 support sb. to do sth. 支持某人做某事 Support sb. in sth. 在某事上支持某人 Eg: I support him to travel to Yunnan. 我支持他去云南旅游。知识点二：He supported my study in his own way. 他用自己的方式支持我的学习。 fact为名词，译为“事实、实际情况”。 Eg: The fact is we don’t have enough money. 事实是我们没有那么多钱。【常见搭配】 in fact 实际上 As a matter of fact 事实上 Eg: In fact, the project was completed ahead of schedule. 实际上，这个项目提前完成了。 As a mater of fact, I have already finished my homework. 事实上，我已经完成了作业。Don’t worry about winning 不要担心输赢【用法讲解】 worry为动词，译为“担忧，发愁”；worry也可作名词，译为“忧虑、担心的事”。 Eg: He has a lot of worries at the moment. 他目前有许多烦恼。【常见搭配】 worry about ... = be worried about ... 担忧... Eg: She worried about her health. = She is worried about her health. 她担忧她的健康。Try to put fun into your daily life 试着为你的日常生活增添乐趣【用法讲解】 Try为动词，译为“尝试、试图”；try也可为名词，译为“尝试、努力”。【常见搭配】 try to do sth. 努力做某事 Try doing sth. 尝试做某事 Try ... on 试穿... Try out 试验、试用 Try one’s best to do sth. 尽全力做某事 Have a try 试一试 Eg: He tried to finish the work before the deadline. 他在截止日期前尽力完成工作。 I want to try swimming. 我想尝试游泳。 Can I try on these shoes? 我可以试穿这些鞋子吗？ They are trying out a new software program. 他们正在使用一款新的软件程序。 I will try my best to meet the deadline. 我会尽全力在截至日期前完成。 Why not have a try and see if you can do it? 为什么不试一试看看你能否做到呢？Miss out 错过、遗漏、没有参加Eg: You’ve missed out one word. 你漏掉了一个词。 I missed out on his offer of a free holiday in Spain. 他让我免费到西班牙度假，我却错过了这个机会。【用法讲解】 miss为动词，译为“想念、错过、缺失”；miss也可作名词，译为“小姐”，此时首字母需大写。Eg: I miss my old bike. 我怀念我的旧自行车。 She missed the school bus because she got up late. 她错过了校车因为起晚了。 The book is missing a few pages. 这本书少了几页。 She is Miss Wang. 她是王小姐。【常见搭配】 miss doing sth. 错过做某事 Eg: We missed visiting the town. 我们错过了参观城镇。【派生词】 missing为形容词，译为“丢失的”。 Eg: They still hoped to find their missing son. 他们仍然希望找到他们丢失的儿子。Attention! Calling All Film Fans! 注意！呼吁所有影迷！知识点一：【用法讲解】 attention为不可数名词，译为“注意、注意力、关心”。 Eg: The movie held my attention throughout. 这部电影从头到尾吸引了我的注意力。She showed great attention to her patients. 她非常关心她的病人。【常见搭配】 pay attention to (doing sth.) 注意(做)某事 Eg: You should pay more attention to your health. 你应该更加注意你的健康。知识点二：We must pay attention to listening to the teacher in class. 上课时我们必须认真听老师讲课。Call在此处为动词，译为“给...打电话”，“称呼、召集、喊叫、称呼”等意； Eg: I will call you tomorrow. 明天我会给你打电话。She called her dog Max. 她把她的狗命名为Max。The teacher called the students to class. 老师召集学生去上课。She called to me for help. 她向我呼救。His friends call him Bob. 他的朋友都叫他鲍勃。 Call也可为名词，译为“电话通话”。 Eg: I will give you a call later. 我会稍后给你打电话。【常见搭配】call for help 大声呼救 Call for 呼吁、要求、呼叫 Give sb. a call 给某人打电话 Call on sb. 号召/拜访某人 Call in 顺便拜访 Call out 大声说 Be called 被叫做 Eg: She called to me for help. 她向我呼救。The teacher called on us to help the old. 老师号召我们帮助老人。Will you call in at the supermarket for some eggs? 你顺便去超市买些鸡蛋好吗？The teacher called out the children’s names. 老师大声点名。The panda is called Huahua. 这个熊猫叫花花。Explore your thoughts in exciting discussions 在激烈的讨论中探讨你的想法【用法讲解】 thoughts为thought的复数形式，译为“思想、想法”。 Eg: He had some interesting thoughts on the future of technology. 他对未来科技有一些有趣的想法。Here are my thoughts on how to improve the project. 这是我对于如何改进项目的看法。注意：thought同时也是think的过去式和过去分词。 Eg: He thought they needed to know the direction to it. 他认为他们还需要知道到那里的方向。【常见搭配】 give thought to 考虑 In deep thought 陷入沉思 Eg: We need to give thought to the project before we start. 在我们开始之前，我们需要考虑这个项目。 He was in deep thought for a long time. 他长时间陷入沉思。Make friends with other film fans. 和其他的影迷交朋友【用法讲解】 make friends with sb.译为“和某人交朋友”。Eg: She wants to make friends with Lily. 她想要和莉莉交朋友。For more information, call us on 1234567 获取更多信息，请拨打1234567联系我们【用法讲解】 information为不可数名词。【常见搭配】 search for information online 线上搜索信息 A piece of information 一条建议 Eg: You can search for information online. 你可以线上搜索信息。Can you give me a piece of information about how to learn English? 你能给我一条关于如何学英语的信息吗？It covers achievements like the quickest marathon time or the biggest mosquito. 它涵盖了最快的马拉松时间或最大的蚊子等成就。知识点一：【用法讲解】 cover为动词，可译为“盖，覆盖，包括、足以支付”；cover还可作名词，译为“封皮；遮盖物”。【常见搭配】 cover ... with sth. 用某物覆盖... Be covered with ... 被...覆盖 The cover of ... ... 的封面 Eg: Your parents will have to cover your tuition fees. 你的父母得支付你得学费。 Her mother covered her with a quilt. 她的妈妈给她盖了个毯子。 The ground is covered with snow. 地面上盖了一层雪。 The cover of this book is broken. 这本书的封皮坏了。知识点二： Achievement为可数名词时，译为“具体的成就、成绩”；为不可数名词时，译为“抽象的达成、完成的过程或状态”。 Eg: Flying across the Atlantic for the first time was a great achievement.首次飞跃大西洋是一项了不起的业绩。【常见搭配】 a sense of achievement 成就感 Eg: I felt a great sense of achievement when I reached the top of the mountain.当我到达山顶的时候，我有一种巨大的成就感。【派生词】 achieve为动词，译为“达到目的、完成、取得”。 Eg: She achieved her goal of becoming a doctor. 她实现了成为医生的目标。Many people around the world enjoy learning about these records.世界上很多人都喜欢了解这些记录。【用法讲解】 record为名词，译为“记录”；record也可作动词，译为“记录、录音”。【常见搭配】 keep a record of ... 记录某事 Break a record 打破记录 Set a record 创造记录 Hold a record 保持记录 Eg: He broke the world record for the longest jump. 他打破了跳远的世界记录。She set a new national record for the 100-meter-race. 她创造了一个100米比赛新的全国记录。We should record the events of the past. 我们应该记录过去的事件。【知识拓展】 around the world = all over the world 全世界 Eg: More than anything, I’d like to drive around the world. 我最想做的事是开车周游世界。It’s ... cm wide. 它有...厘米宽。【用法讲解】 wide在此处为形容词，译为“宽的、广泛的”；wide也可为副词，译为“充分地”。 Eg: This river is too wide. 这条河太宽了。You can find a wide variety of goods in this shop. 你可以在这个商店里找到各种各样的商品。He opened the door wide. 他把门敞开着。【常见搭配】 数词 + meter(s) + wide ...米宽 How wide 多宽 Eg: -- How wide is the river? 这条河多宽？-- It's 50 meters wide. 它50米宽。【派生词】 width为名词，译为“宽度”。 Eg: It’s about 10 meters in width. 它宽约10米。When did your interest in insects start? 你对昆虫的兴趣是什么时候开始的？【用法讲解】 interest为不可数名词，译为“兴趣、利息”；interest也可作动词，译为“使感兴趣”。 Eg: He has interest in photograph. 他对摄影感兴趣。The bank offers a high interest rate on savings. 银行提供高利率的储蓄。The new technology interests many people. 新技术引起了很多人的兴趣。【派生词】 interesting为形容词，译为“使人感兴趣的”，常常用来修饰物； Interested为形容词，译为“感兴趣的”，常常用来修饰人。 Eg: This book is very interesting. 这本书很有趣。【常见搭配】 take an interest in ... = be interested in ... 对...感兴趣 Show interest in ... 表现出对...的兴趣 Place of interest 名胜 （复数形式places of interest） Eg: She takes an interest in history. = She is interested in history. 她对历史很感兴趣。He showed interest in learning new languages. 他表现出学习语言的兴趣。Don’t you think it’s a good place of interest here? 难道你不认为这里是不错的名胜吗？I used to ride my bike ... kilometres to find insects. 我过去常骑自行车...公里去找昆虫。【用法讲解】 Use为动词译为“使用”。【派生词】 useful为形容词，译为“有用的”； useless为形容词，译为“无用的”。【常见搭配】 it’s useful to do sth. 做某事是有用的。use sth. to do sth. “用某物做某事” Make good use of ... 充分利用... Be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 Used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事Eg: It's useful to learn English well. 学好英语是有用的。I use a pen to write this letter. “我用钢笔写这封信。” We must make good use of our free time. 我们必须好好利用我们的空闲时间。 Cotton is used to make cloth. 棉花被用来织布。 The old man used to live in the country, but now he is used to living in the city. 这位老人过去常常住在乡下，但是现在他习惯住在城市。Why did he/ she decide to ... 他/她为什么决定...？【用法讲解】 decide为动词，译为“决定”。【派生词】 其名词形式为decision，译为“决定”。【常见搭配】decide to do sth. 决定做某事 Decide on/upon sth. 决定某事 Make a decision 做决定 Eg: We decided to go to the movies together. 我们决定一起去看电影。She decided upon a career in medicine. 她决定从事医学事业。Finally, they made a decision to go there by plane. 最终，他们做出决定坐飞机去那。How may they affect your life? 它们如何影响你的生活？【用法讲解】 affect为动词，译为“影响、对...产生影响”。 Eg: The weather can affect our mood. 天气可以影响我们的心情。The sad news affected everyone deeply. 这个悲伤的消息深深地打动了每一个人。【常见搭配】 be affected by ... 被...影响 Eg: She was deeply affected by the news of his death. 他去世的消息使她深感悲伤。【派生词】 affective为动词，译为“情感的、感情的”。 Eg: Affective expression plays an important role in interpersonal communication. 情感的表达在人际交往中起着重要作用。This monster comes in many forms 这个怪物以许多种形式出现【用法讲解】 form作名词为可数名词，其复数形式为forms，译为“表格、种类、形式”；form也可作动词，译为“形成、培养、组建”等。 Eg: The form of the letter is that of an invitation. 这封信的形式就像一张邀请函。Please fill out a form first. 请先填写申请表格。Snows forms when water vapor freezes. 当水蒸气冷凝时，雪会形成。They formed a plan to improve their business. 他们制定了一个提升业务的计划。【常见搭配】 form a habit 养成习惯 Eg: She formed a habit of going for a run every morning. 她养成了每天早上跑步的习惯。【派生词】 formal为形容词，译为“正式的”。 Eg: Jeans are not appropriate for a formal party. 正式聚会上穿牛仔裤不合适。 But soon the monster takes over. 但很快怪物占据了主导。【常见搭配】 take over译为“接管、接替、控制、占领、取代、压倒”。 Eg: He will take over as the new manager next month. 他将在下个月接任新经理职务。The company plans to take over its competitor’s market share. 公司计划占领竞争对手的市场份额。The new technology will take over manual labor in the production process. 新技术将代替生产过程中的人工劳动。The storm’s intensity seemed to take over the entire city. 风暴的强度似乎压倒了整个城市。It starts to eat away our time, minute by minute. 它开始一分一秒消磨我们的时间。【常见搭配】 eat away译为“侵蚀、痛快地吃、烦扰”。 Eg: The sea had eaten away much of the shore. 海浪对海岸侵蚀得很厉害。Eat away, children; you are welcome to all you want. 吃吧，孩子们，尽情地吃吧。Hate can eat away at your soul. 仇恨只会困扰你的灵魂。We often get lost in the monster’s world like this. 我们经常迷失在这样的怪物世界中。【用法讲解】 get lost译为“迷路、迷失”，其同义词组为be lost. Eg: We always get lost in London. 我们在伦敦老是迷路。【知识拓展】 Lose此处为动词，译为“输、丢失”，其过去式为lost。Eg: I have lost my keys. 我把钥匙丢了。 We lost to a stronger team. 我们输给了一支实力更强的队伍。【常见搭配】 lose one’s life 丧生 Lose one’s way 迷路 Lose heart 灰心Eg: Elephants are losing their lives. 大象正在失去它们的生命。 He lost his way in the forest. 他在森林里迷路了。 Don’t lose heart, make another try. 不要灰心，再试一次。But we can keep it away by having fun in a balanced way. 但我们可以用一种平衡的方式通过玩乐将其赶走。知识点一：【用法讲解】 keep away译为“远离、不接近、避开”。知识点二： Eg: Please keep you hands away from the hot stove. 请让你的手远离热炉子。By doing sth. 通过做某事 Eg: She learned English by watching English movies. 她通过看英语电影学习英语。The choice is ours. 选择是我们自己的。【用法讲解】 choice为名词，译为“选择”。【派生词】choose为动词，译为“选择”；其过去式为chose；过去分词为chosen。【常见搭配】 choose to do sth. 选择做某事 Choose ... as... 选择...作为... Make a choice 做一个选择 Eg: We chose to hike instead of staying at home. 我们选择去远足而不是呆在家里。 We chose Lingling as our monitor. 我们选择玲玲做我们班长。 You had to make a choice soon. 你必须快速做个选择。How can it be harmful? 它怎么会有害的？【用法讲解】 harmful为形容词，译为“有害的”。 Eg: Harmful chemicals were released into the air. 有害化学物质被释放到空气中。【常见搭配】 be harmful to do sth. 对...有害 It is harmful to do sth. 做某事是有害的 Eg: Smoking is harmful to your health. 吸烟对你的健康有害。It is harmful to drink too much alcohol. 喝太多的酒有害。【派生词】 harm为名词，译为“伤害”；harm也可为动词，译为“对..有害”。 Eg: Hard work never did anyone any harm. 努力工作对任何人都绝无害处。Pollution can harm marine life. 污染会危及海洋生物。【常见搭配】 do harm to sb. 对某人有害 Eg: He did harm to me intentionally. 他故意对我造成伤害。What can you do to solve the problem? 你能做什么来解决这个问题？【用法讲解】 solve为动词，译为“解答、解决”。 Eg: The problem can be solved in all manner of ways. 这个问题可以用各种方法加以解决。【常见搭配】 solve the problem 解决问题 Eg: We tried our best to solve the problem. 我们尽最大的努力解决这个问题。How often do you do them? 你多久做一次它们？【易混辨析】 how often, how long和how soon区别： how long “多长时间”用for…或since…引导时间状语回答 how soon “还要多长时间”用于将来时，用“in + 一段时间”回答 how often “多久一次”提问动作发生的频率 Eg: -- How long have you been here? -- For two days. 你在这多久了？ 两天了。 -- How soon will you stay there? -- In two days. 你要在这待多久？两天 -- How often do you visit your parents? -- Twice a week. 你多久去看一次你的父母？一周两次。Half of us ... 我们中的一半【用法讲解】 half为可数名词，译为“一半；半数”，其复数形式为halves。Eg: I ate half of the cake. 我吃了蛋糕的一半。 注意：“half of + 名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词由of后的名词或代词决定。Eg: Half of the students in our class are from the countryside. 我们班的学生由一半来自农村。 Half of his money is lost. 他一半的钱丢失了。【常见搭配】 “数词 + 名词(单/复数) + and + a half”= “数词 + and + a half + 名词复数”，表示“几个小时/天/月/年...半” “half past + 基数词”表示“几点半”。Eg: half past nine = thirty past nine = nine thirty 九点半an hour and a half = one and a half hours 一个半小时语法解析语法：祈使句一、祈使句表达嘱咐、劝告、希望、禁止、请求或命令等二、祈使句没有主语，说话的对象是“你”或“你们” * 以动词原形开头，无时态和数的变化 * 否定形式在动词原形前加don’t* 在表达请求时，可以加上please；表达比较强烈的语气时，可以用感叹号。Eg: Please close the door. 请关门。 Hurry up. 快点！ Don’t be late again. 不要再迟到了。 Don’t bring any food or drink into the lab next time. 下次不要把食物和饮品带入实验室写作话题：Talk about the importance of having fun.* 提示：1. Fun can ...... 2. Fun also ...... 3. Having fun is a good way to ...... 4. Remember that ....... 5. Don’t forget .......* 写作步骤 定文体(记叙文)、人称(第三人称)、时态(一般现在时、一般过去时)* 范文： With the development of living standard, people spend more time on various forms of having fun. People can do sports, singing karaoke, go dancing, go to the movies, play video games or online games, or surf the Internet.Having fun can bring people closer, fun is also good for people’s health, both physically and mentally. Sports and dancing can keep people fit. Singing karaoke, playing video games or online games can satisfy people’s imagination. Surfing the Internet can bring people a lot of information and knowledge. Having fun is a good way to enrich people’s lives. Those who take part in different activities will not be easy to feel lonely or boring in their leisure time live wonderful lives instead.However, some activities might be harmful if people are addicted. Spending too much time on these activities will seriously influence people’s normal lives. So, remember that take part in them properly.