Unit 1 What's the matter_ 知识点讲义 人教版英语八年级下册

这是一份Unit 1 What's the matter_ 知识点讲义 人教版英语八年级下册，共4页。
人教版八年级下册Unit1讲义重点短语归纳：一、询问某人怎么了What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you? 反身代词1.英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。2.用法(1)可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。 如：Maria bought herself a scarf. We must look after ourselves very well. 可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。 如：She isn’t quite herself today. (3)可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow. I met the writer himself last week. (4)用在某些固定短语当中。人称数 第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself herself itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselveslook after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自学enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快 help oneself to sth 请自用……（随便吃/喝些……）. hurt oneself摔伤自己 say to oneself自言自语 leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下 buy oneself sth.给自己买……东西 introduce oneself 介绍……自己注意：(1)反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。 如：我自己能完成作业。（误）Myself can finish my homework. (正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself. 反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用one’s own. 如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。（误）I’m drawing with myself crayons. (正) I’m drawing with my own crayons.二、重点语法1. have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 = have difficulty (in) doing sth. get into trouble：陷入困境2. die v. 死亡/dead adj.死的；去世的/death n. 死亡3. get off ：下车/get on：上车4. be used to doing sth. 习惯于干某事 (= get used to doing sth.)used to do sth. 过去常常干某事be used to do sth. 被用来干某事5. so….that…. ：如此……以至于…… 引导结果状语从句。….adj. / adv. + enough + to do sth. 足够……去干某事….too + adj. / adv. +to do 太……而不能…… 6.疾病类短语的表达： have a headache : 头痛 have a toothache：牙痛 have a cold：感冒 have a fever：发烧 have a cough：咳嗽 have a sore throat：咽喉痛；嗓子疼 have a sore back：背痛7.lie  = 1 \* GB3 ① v.躺；平躺 (过去式：lay 过去分词：lain 现在分词：lying)lie down : 躺下  = 2 \* GB3 ② v.位于 (过去式：lay 过去分词：lain 现在分词：lying) 例：Japan lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国的东部。  = 3 \* GB3 ③ v. 撒谎；说谎 (过去式：lied 过去分词：lied 现在分词：lying) lie to sb. 向某人撒谎  = 4 \* GB3 ④ n.谎言 tell a tie / tell lies 撒谎8.run out ：耗尽；用完 （主语通常为时间、金钱、食物等） run out of ：耗尽；用完（主语通常为人，宾语加时间、金钱、食物等） run --- ran --- run --- running9.too many：“太多”，中心词是many，+ 可数名词复数 too much：“太多”，中心词是much，+ 不可数名词 much too：“太”，中心词是too，+ 形容词 / 副词 many too：× 没有此结构10.because + 句子 because of + 名词/人称代词宾格/动名词（doing） 例：He is late because of the bad weather. He is late because the weather is bad.11.enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。12.maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.may be，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词13.need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefully during class. need doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes need washing14.agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea.agree to sb. 同意某人的意见 如：I agree to LiLei.15.hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位； hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打较软的部位。16.give up (doing) sth. 放弃（做）某事17.be in the control of …掌管，管理 be out of control无法控制，无法管18.right away=right now=at once，意为 马上need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事19.mind doing sth. 介意做某事20. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性21.make a decision to do sth.= decide to do sth. 。22. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险