专题12 完形填空记叙文 -2025年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考通用）

这是一份专题12 完形填空记叙文 -2025年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考通用），文件包含专题12完形填空记叙文-2025年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练新高考通用解析版docx、专题12完形填空记叙文-2025年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练新高考通用原题版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共42页， 欢迎下载使用。
TOC \ "1-3" \h \z \u \l "_Tc148898652" 题型综述2
\l "_Tc148898652" 解题攻略3
\l "_Tc148898653" 题型01 词汇辨析题3
\l "_Tc148898654" 题型02 逻辑推理题5
\l "_Tc148898655" 题型03 上下文语境题8
\l "_Tc148898656" 题型04 固定搭配题 PAGEREF _Tc148898656 \h 9
题型05 生活常识 \l "_Tc148898656" 题 PAGEREF _Tc148898656 \h 9
\l "_Tc148898657" 高考练场 PAGEREF _Tc148898657 \h 10
题型简介
高考英语完形填空记叙文，是以记人叙事为主要内容的短文挖空题型。文章通常选取生活趣事、个人成长经历、感人故事等贴近学生生活体验或社会百态的素材，借助丰富生动的语言，按照事件发展的时间顺序、因果关系等来推进情节。要求学生基于对篇章语境的理解，填补空缺词汇，综合考查词汇运用、语法知识、阅读理解以及逻辑推理能力。
命题类型
词汇辨析题：重点考查考生对词汇的理解和运用能力，包括动词、名词、形容词、副词等实词的使用，题目会依据上下文语境，精准考察最恰当的用词选择。
逻辑推理题：考查考生对文章情节发展和逻辑关系的理解，需要根据上下文的线索进行推理。
上下文语境题：需依据故事发展脉络、人物情感变化来推断空缺处内容。倘若前文提到主角心情低落，后文填空处大概率与缓解低落情绪的行为或事物相关。
固定搭配题：涉及动词短语、介词短语、形容词短语等固定组合的运用。学生得熟悉这类搭配规则，依语境填空。
生活常识题：利用普遍生活经验、社会风俗来辅助解题。若描述野餐场景，填空可能涉及野餐常见用品，从常识角度能辅助判断。
解题思路
通读全文，了解大意：跳过空格，快速浏览记叙文，明晰故事主人公是谁，发生了什么事，事情的起因、经过与大致结果，勾勒事件轮廓，为后续填词奠定语境基础。
瞻前顾后，初定答案：开始逐空分析，研读空格前后句子，从词汇搭配、语法规则、逻辑关系出发，初步筛选可能选项。如果空格前是 “be” 动词，后面大概率填形容词或过去分词，缩小选择范围。
代入复查，确定答案：把初步选定的词代入原文空格，通读全文，核查填入后是否契合语境，语法有无错误，情感逻辑是否连贯。重点排查一词多义情况，看所选词在此语境下语义是否精准。若读起来拗口、语义突兀，要及时调整答案。
重视首句，留意末段：首句常点明记叙文主题，奠定故事基调；末段往往包含故事结局或关键感悟。二者蕴含丰富线索，解题全程都应反复回顾，从中获取关键信息辅助判断。
题型01 词汇辨析题

联系前后文：词汇的意义往往要根据上下文来确定，所以要认真阅读空格前后的句子，寻找与选项词汇相关的线索，如近义词、反义词、解释说明等。
把握语篇逻辑：注意文章中的逻辑关系词，如 but、hwever、therefre、besides 等，它们能帮助判断句子之间的逻辑关系，从而确定合适的词汇。
（23-24高三·四川成都·期末）
We never stp learning. The mst imprtant skill I 31 at schl was keeping a rutine.
31．A．made upB．picked upC．put ffD．held back
（湖北省十一校2024-2025学年高三上学期12月联考）
It was 2017 when the accident ccurred. That day it started t rain when I ____21____ t stp just inches frm the car ahead. Befre I sighed with ____22____, my car was hit hard frm behind.
____23____, I was unharmed and stepped ut t ____24____ the situatin. The girl wh had hit me was in tears. She ____25____ t me and explained that her brakes (刹车) had taken lnger t ____26____ because f the slippery rad. Minutes later, a pliceman ____27____ and directly issued the girl a ticket fr “failure t cntrl speed”, and several ther ffenses, which culd have led t the ____28____ f her license. The girl was extremely upset, but she was helpless against the result. I cmfrted her that it wasn’t her ____29____ and prmised t help.
21. A. managedB. hesitatedC. failedD. refused
22. A. disappintmentB. excitementC. regretD. relief
23. A. HpefullyB. ThankfullyC. StrangelyD. Imprtantly
24. A. imprveB. clarifyC. assessD. mnitr
25. A. whisperedB. mentinedC. aplgizedD. described
26. A. refreshB. recverC. repairD. respnd
27. A. turned upB. sped byC. stepped asideD. shwed ff
28. A. limitatinB. cancellatinC. explanatinD. cllectin
29. A. weaknessB. effrtC. excuseD. fault
题型02 逻辑推理题

理解文章主旨：
把握中心思想：浏览文章，了解文章的中心思想和主题。这有助于理解文章的整体逻辑结构。
关注首尾段落：首尾段落通常包含文章的主旨和总结，对理解文章逻辑有重要作用。
分析段落关系：
段落功能：明确每个段落的功能，如引言、论述、举例、总结等。这有助于理解段落之间的逻辑关系。
过渡词句：注意段落之间的过渡词句，如"hwever"、"furthermre"、"in cnclusin"等，这些词句表明段落之间的逻辑关系。
(河南省九师联盟2024-2025学年高三11月质量检测)
My lve fr theatre is ____25____. As early as middle schl, I was ____26____ that I’d becme a famus actress. In high schl, I wn turnaments several times in a classrm setting. But I brke ut in a cld ____27____ at the thught f standing n the stage with lights and curtains. In cllege, I still failed t perfrm n stage because f my ____28____ f making a fl f myself in frnt f strangers. Life mved n. I ____29____ my dream f being n stage in favr f my family. Then, I realized ne day hw much I _____30_____ the theater. Therefre, when I sptted the ad fr auditins, I gathered my _____31_____.
25. A. symblicB. endlessC. admirableD. abnrmal
26. A. sadB. prudC. certainD. wrried
27. A. eyeB. temperatureC. shulderD. sweat
28. A. fearB. memryC. wayD. hpe
29. A. called nB. put frwardC. set asideD. reflected n
30. A. requiredB. deservedC. missedD. represented
31. A. curageB. reputatinC. purpseD. capacity
（辽宁省名校2024年试题）
One day, Tim came hme frm schl. His face was filled with sadness and 21 . His classmate had said hurtful things t him, 22 Tim t feel upset and discuraged.
21．A．hpeB．cnfidenceC．imprvementD．anger
22．A．cnfusingB．attractingC．causingD．Assisting
题型03 上下文语境题

解决此类题型时，要求学生增强语篇逻辑意识，弄清文章内在逻辑关系，根据上下文内容，并适当进行逻辑推理来做出选择。先易后难，循序渐进和带入答案，查读验证仍然适用于夹叙夹议文类完形填空的解题。
(2025届安徽省江淮十校高三上学期第二次联考)
As I was getting ready t check ut sme bks, I recalled that I needed t btain a particular brand f canned cat fd frm the vet. Upn entering the veterinary clinic, I fund the vet helper assisting ther custmers. While waiting in line fr my turn, I____41____anther gentleman cme in and apprach the cunter. Seeing the anxius expressin n his face, I ffered t____42____him t be served first, remarking that I wuld g t the____43____meanwhile.
题型04 固定搭配题

对于这类题型，学生在平时的学习中，要多掌握一些语法现象、多记多背一些固定结构和习惯搭配，并掌握它们的基本用法，这样就能够轻松解题了。
（2024·江苏盐城·三模）
Tucked away in Tngxiang city, Zhejiang prvince, the captivating water twn f Puyuan is 1 in histry and elegance.
1．A．shrudedB．sakedC．steepedD．submerged
题型05 生活常识题

解决此类题型时，应该把自己学到的有关文化背景知识和生活常识灵活运用，注意中西文化的一些差别。但有些没有定论的、或自己没有把握的知识，不能作为判断的依据，这时就要尊重原文的描述。
（2024·河南·三模）If yu 34 with scial anxiety t, yu may have experienced such things:
34．A．struggleB．assistC．dealD．engage
(2024年新课标高考英语I卷)
I’ve been mtivated — and demtivated — by ther flks’ achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighbrhd friend ____41____ a marathn race. Feeling mtivated, I started running ____42____, but then tw things happened. First, a girl I met ne day tld me she was ____43____ fr a “super,” referring t a 52.4-mile duble marathn. Then, the next day I went n my lngest run — 15 miles. T be hnest, I ____44____ it! Between the girl making my ____45____ seem small and the pure bredm f jgging, I decided that the nly ____46____ I’d ever run again is if a big dg was running after me!
S I ____47____ cycling. I gt a gd bike and rde a lt. I ____48____ f entering cycle races until I flew t San Dieg t visit my sister. While she was at wrk ne day, I ____49____ her bike and went fr a ride. The ____50____: the rads there went thrugh large valleys where I’d be riding uphill fr miles at a time. I’d never faced such ____51____. That day, I gt ____52____ by abut 100 “lcal” bikers wh were used t such rads. When I gt back hme, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as ____53____.
I’ve ____54____ a lt since then. I’ve cme t accept that whatever ____55____ I set fr myself, they just have t be my wn.
41. A. knewB. heldC. wnD. quit
42. A. regularlyB. silentlyC. prudlyD. recently
43. A. askingB. lkingC. waitingD. training
44. A. madeB. believedC. hatedD. deserved
45. A. advantageB. achievementC. cntributinD. influence
46. A. wayB. riskC. placeD. reasn
47. A. gave upB. went nC. turned tD. dealt with
48. A. heardB. dreamedC. cmplainedD. apprved
49. A. paintedB. brrwedC. bughtD. parked
50. A. prblemB. secretC. principleD. advice
51. A. dangersB. eventsC. ppnentsD. challenges
52. A. passedB. cnvincedC. admiredD. stpped
53. A. reliableB. cnvenientC. familiarD. appealing
54. A. traveledB. maturedC. missedD. wrried
55. A. limitsB. datesC. galsD. tests
(2024年新课标高考英语II卷)
When I decided t buy a huse in Eurpe ten years ag, I didn't think t lng. I liked traveling in France, but when it came t picking my favrite spt t ___21___, Italy was the clear winner.
During my first visit t Italy, I ___22___ t ask fr directins r rder in a restaurant. But every time I tried t ___23___ a sentence f Italian tgether, the lcals smiled at me and ___24___ my language skills. That encuragement helped me t get thrugh the language ___25___. After I made Italy my permanent hme, I discvered hw ___26___ Italians are. Neighbrs will bring me freshly made cheese and will cme t my dr t ___27___ me t clse the windw in my car when rain is cming. It's these small ___28___ f kindness that make a new cuntry feel like hme.
As a fdie, the way t my heart is thrugh my stmach, and nwhere fuels my ___29___ quite like Italy. Each twn has its wn traditinal ____30____, and every family keeps a recipe passed frm ne generatin t anther. Families ____31____ fr big meals n Sundays, birthdays, and whatever ther excuses they can ____32____. These meals are always ____33____ by laughter and jy. Whatever ____34____ life in Italy might have, the prblems are ____35____ nce yu sit dwn t a big meal with friends and family.
21. A. studyB. rentC. visitD. settle
22. A. plannedB. struggledC. refusedD. happened
23. A. stringB. hangC. mixD. match
24. A. imprvedB. assessedC. admiredD. praised
25. A. curseB. barrierC. areaD. test
26. A. pen-mindedB. strng-willedC. warm-heartedD. well-infrmed
27. A. remindB. allwC. persuadeD. rder
28. A. tricksB. prmisesC. actsD. duties
29. A. ambitinB. successC. appetiteD. grwth
30. A. cstumeB. dishC. symblD. tale
31. A. gatherB. cheerC. leaveD. wait
32. A. put up withB. stand up frC. cme up withD. make up fr
33. A. signaledB. cnfirmedC. representedD. accmpanied
34. A. disadvantagesB. meaningsC. surprisesD. pprtunities
35. A. createdB. frgttenC. understdD. identified
(2024年1月浙江省高考英语首考卷)
While taking a 20-hur train ride alng the edge f the Taklimakan Desert in nrthwestern China, I had the kind f humbling, educatinal, and abve all else, wnderful ____21____ with a lcal that all travelers lng fr. A yung Chinese man ____22____ me n the train. My ____23____ friend spke virtually n English, s I happily tk the ____24____ t practice my Chinese.
Over several hurs, he wuld tell me abut hw he had ____25____ a tw-year prfessinal schl t quickly find a jb ____26____ highways in rder t help supprt his family. Perhaps the mst ____27____, hwever, was the fact that this man spent hurs studying every day after hard physical labr. Withut batting an eye, he wuld ____28____ a translated Emersn passage befre asking abut the literary influence f American ____29____ as a whle. ”And what d yu all learn abut Russian authrs?” I ____30____ him asking at ne pint.
It wuld have been easy t ____31____ my assumptins abut this highway builder wh had never been mre than a few hundred miles frm hme. But this highly infrmed, ____32____ , and admirable persn prevented me ding s. In the curse f a cuple f hurs, he ____33____ me just hw much ne can gain frm ____34____ with an pen mind, and a willingness t ____35____ with lcals frm all walks f life.
experimentB. encunterC. cmpetitinD. appintment
treatedB. savedC. lecturedD. apprached
trueB. s-calledC. newD. lng-lst
chanceB. adviceC. trubleD. right
visitedB. financedC. attendedD. funded
buildingB. sweepingC. checkingD. guarding
typicalB. bviusC. naturalD. remarkable
publishB. quteC. сорyD. dwnlad
writersB. histriansC. wrkersD. students
A.anticipateB. imagineC. recallD. catch
lk intB. rely nC. g verD. deal with
well-behavedB. multi-skilledC. warm-heartedD. self-educated
askedB. warnedC. shwedD. prmised
travelingB. readingC. searchingD. teaching
cperateB. sideC. negtiateD. engage
A
（24-25高三上·湖南长沙·阶段练习）At the age f three, after watching the Wnderland Dancing Cmpany’s perfrmance, I said t my mther, “Mama, when I grw up, I’m ging t be ne f thse!” It was the first time that my 1 tk n a vivid frm and acted as smething imprtant t start my training. As I grew lder and was 2 t mre, my interests in the wrld f dance 3 varied but that little girl’s dream f smeday becming a dancer in the cmpany never left me. In the summer f 2015 when I was 18, I received the phne call which made that dream a 4 : I became a member f the cmpany 5 back t 1925.
As I lk back n that day nw, it surely 6 any sense f reality. I believe I stayed in a state f pleasant disbelief until I was halfway thrugh rehearsals (排练) n my first day. I never actually 7 t get the jb. After being ffered the psitin, I was cmpletely 8 . I remember shaking with excitement.
Thugh I was abslutely thrilled with the chance, it did nt cme withut its fair share f 9 . Thrugh the strict rehearsal perid f dancing six days a week, I fund it vital t 10 the material fast with every last bit f cncentratin. It is that extreme 11 t detail and stress n practice that set us 12 . T then fllw thse high-energy rehearsals with a busy shw schedule f up t five perfrmances a day, I discvered a new meaning f the wrds “hard wrk”. What I thught were my physical 13 were pushed much further than I thught 14 . I learned t make each perfrmance better than the last.
Tday, when I lk at the unbelievable cmpany that I have the great hnr f being a part f, nt nly as a member, but as a dance captain, I see a 15 that has inspired nt nly generatins f little girls but a splendid cmpany that cntinues t develp and grw — and inspires peple every day t fllw their dreams.
1．A．hbbyB．planC．dreamD．wrd
2．A．cnnectedB．expandedC．expsedD．extended
3．A．rarelyB．certainlyC．prbablyD．never
4．A．symblB．memryC．truthD．reality
5．A．buncingB．datingC．turningD．tracking
6．A．lacksB．addsC．makesD．brings
7．A．caredB．expectedC．askedD．decided
8．A．mtivatedB．relaxedC．cnvincedD．astnished
9．A．challengesB．prfitsC．advantagesD．adventures
10．A．put upB．mix upC．build upD．pick up
11．A．attentinB．assciatinC．attractinD．adaptatin
12．A．asideB．apartC．ffD．back
13．A．bundariesB．prblemsC．barriersD．effrts
14．A．necessaryB．perfectC．prperD．pssible
15．A．victryB．trendC．traditinD．surprise
B
（24-25高三上·重庆·阶段练习）In Philadelphia n a Thursday in July, 52-year-ld Christine King was hurrying t her jb. Or trying t. The traffic n the rad was 16 , — n surprise fr this stretch f highway at rush hur. When she pulled int the exit lane, she nticed a man and wman beside a stpped vehicle in a/an 17 . The wman tried t 18 the man as he mved twards the guard-rail (护栏) verlking a 40-ft drp with smething in his arms. Then he 19 t thrw it ver the rail. The wman struggled t pull the man back frm the 20 .
It was when King realized it was a 21 in his arms. She hurried ut f the car and dashed t the man at the risk f being pushed ff the rail. Again and again she grasped it but culd nt 22 it. Then the sund f sirens — a pliceman arrived his weapn drawn. Thugh panicky, the man had nt yet dne the 23 , but ne wrng wrd r mvement culd push him t extremes. The next thing King knew was that the fficer was n the man, grabbing his arm. This was the mment when all wuld be 24 — either he wuld thrw his little girl ver the rail in a final act, r smene wuld get their hands n the child first. In the chas, King 25 t get the terrified baby back.
Thrugh sbs, her mther 26 what had happened: a breakup, a new apartment and an attempted fresh start. Then the man had fund them and frced them int the car. Hw they 27 there n the bridge wasn’t quite clear. But they were safe nw. The man was later prved 28 and wuld be sentenced t up t 23 mnths in prisn.
Many have wndered at King’ s 29 . As a mther f five, she said a baby’s life was at risk and that was 30 enugh.
16．A．thickB．thinC．lightD．smth
17．A．hurryB．argumentC．cnversatinD．chat
18．A．pushB．ignreC．angerD．blck
19．A．pretendedB．beggedC．threatenedD．agreed
20．A．tpB．centerC．edgeD．crner
21．A．dllB．packageC．babyD．weapn
22．A．apprachB．catchC．placeD．free
23．A．uncertainB．unthinkableC．unrealisticD．unpleasant
24．A．reslvedB．cmplicatedC．startedD．messed
25．A．attemptedB．managedC．failedD．hped
26．A．deliveredB．disbelievedC．regrettedD．inferred
27．A．ended upB．brke awayC．came acrssD．made up
28．A．riskyB．rudeC．guiltyD．inncent
29．A．lyaltyB．braveryC．strengthD．wisdm
30．A．curageB．trubleC．reasnD．time
C
（24-25高三上·河北邯郸·阶段练习）At five, Dallas Salas was diagnsed with leukemia (白血病). Nw this 18-year-ld has graduated frm Arizna State University (ASU) with a bachelr’s degree in medicine.
Speaking f his 31 , he recalled living thrugh the 32 mments, sharing, “It was truly a heartbreaking experience. I 33 remember staying up at nights, crying.”
Salas said that the 34 he experienced frm the early-age leukemia diagnsis served as inspiratins fr him t 35 his educatin in the medical fields. “I have a part t play in defeating leukemia,” he said. “I 36 want t find a hands-n apprach t helping ther peple deal with diseases.” Despite 37 his life’s challenge, Salas cntinued wrking hard twards his 38 with the result that he was admitted int ASU at age 13.
Salas wed his success t his mm, “S my mm was a great 39 , and she really inspired me t keep it ging.” He said anther persn wh 40 him in cllege was his teacher, Xavier Celaya. 41 his experiences wrking with Salas, Celaya nce said, “Whenever he didn’t 42 smething, he’d always ask fr clarificatin, which is a 43 nt many students have. I’m always 44 t help him. I witnessed his rapid grwth.”
Salas always stands by what he 45 , “If yu’re ging thrugh bad experiences, remember: life is nly 10% f what happens t yu and 90% f what yu make f it.”
31．A．independenceB．graduatinC．respnsibilityD．emplyment
32．A．cmmnB．bringC．cnfusingD．tugh
33．A．stillB．seldmC．hpefullyD．finally
34．A．purpsesB．painsC．changesD．memries
35．A．cntrlB．questinC．pursueD．cnfirm
36．A．randmlyB．suddenlyC．slightlyD．definitely
37．A．suffering frmB．knwing abutC．adapting tD．depending n
38．A．adventureB．galC．standardD．supprt
39．A．mtivatrB．managerC．designerD．actress
40．A．amusedB．surprisedC．influencedD．cmfrted
41．A．RecrdingB．DiscussingC．RealizingD．Examining
42．A．rememberB．cmmunicateC．vercmeD．understand
43．A．talentB．challengeC．qualityD．cnditin
44．A．freeB．nervusC．afraidD．ready
45．A．believesB．meansC．predictsD．admits
D
（2024·福建宁德·二模）Emili Mrenatti, 55, is the AP’s chief phtgrapher. His wrldwide cverage has 46 him numerus awards, including a Pulitzer Prize. Mrenatti, wh lst a(n) 47 in Afghanistan in 2009, was in Paris t 48 his third Paralympics(残奥会). This is his accunt f the experience.
“When I’m cvering the Paralympics, I feel I learn a lt frm the 49 . What yu see is a lt f energy. Athletes are pushing themselves t the maximum. Smetimes I dn’t 50 the first athlete t finish, but the last ne. It’s t highlight the strength f peple with 51 .
When I lst my leg in 2009, I was in ne f the best mments f my 52 . And then I 53 , ‘This is the end. This is where I have t make a 54 t becme an editr, because my mbility is gne.’ But that feeling stayed with me nly fr a few mnths. Then I 55 that my amputatin(截肢)was nt in my head, but my leg, s I wuld find my 56 . Frm that time, I decided I wuld try t get my cameras back again and cntinue being a(n) 57 and ding what I really lve. 58 , I fund my way.
I’ve been able t get clser t peple with disabilities. I’ve fund a way t 59 disability thrugh phtgraphy. I feel very 60 t d it. I wn’t say that the amputatin helped my life, but it helped me find this new angle t my phtgraphy. ”
46．A．supprtedB．earnedC．takenD．ffered
47．A．eyeB．armC．handD．leg
48．A．cverB．cheerC．attendD．watch
49．A．rganizersB．judgesC．athletesD．caches
50．A．wait frB．lk afterC．fcus nD．pick up
51．A．challengesB．talentsC．skillsD．disabilities
52．A．educatinB．careerC．hbbyD．business
53．A．thughtB．cmplainedC．declaredD．replied
54．A．recveryB．struggleC．shiftD．reply
55．A．guessedB．realizedC．expectedD．imagined
56．A．treasureB．respnsibilityC．dreamD．way
57．A．phtgrapherB．editrC．reprterD．prducer
58．A．InsteadB．TherefreC．HweverD．Smehw
59．A．describeB．vercmeC．suppseD．cure
60．A．amazedB．bredC．pleasedD．upset