2022年高考英语非谓语高考英语陷阱题总结归纳非谓语动词-强化训练-附详解牛津版

这是一份2022年高考英语非谓语高考英语陷阱题总结归纳非谓语动词-强化训练-附详解牛津版，共31页。
A. enterB. t enter
C. enteringD. entered
【陷阱】容易误选A。有的同学一看到空格前的情态动词 culd 就断定此处应填动词原形 enter。
【分析】其实正确答案应是B。此句为省略句，即在 culd 后省略了动词 d，若把句子补完整应为Everyne in ur class was wrking hard and ding what we culd d t enter a gd cllege。即句中的不定式短语(t enter a gd cllege)是用作目的状语的，而不是与情态动词(culd)一起构成谓语。请再看类似例句：
(1) They did what they culd t cmfrt her. 他们尽量安慰她。
(2) They did everything they culd t save her life. 他们尽一切力量拯救她的性命。
(3) He studies as hard as he culd t catch up with his classmates. 他拼命学习以便赶上他的同学。
值得指出的是，这也并不是说今后只要遇到类似结构的题就一定选带t不定式。请看以下试题：
(4) He ran as fast as he culd _____ t catch the early bus.
A. t hpeB. hpe
C. hpingD. hped
此题的答案是 C不是A，其中的现在分词短语 hping t catch the early bus 用作伴随状语。
(5) He spent every minute he culd _____ spken English.
A. practiseB. t practise
C. practisingD. practised
此题答案选 C，这与前面动词 spent 的搭配有关，即 spend … (in) ding sth。若将此句补充完整，即为 He spent every minute he culd spend in practising spken English.
(6) Befre ging abrad he devted all he culd _______ his ral English.
A. imprveB. t imprve
C. imprvingD. t imprving
此题答案选D，注意两点：一是 devte … t … 是固定搭配，意为“把……贡献给……”；二是其中的 t 是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时要用动名词。
2. He knws nthing abut it, s he can’t help _______ any f yur wrk.
A. dingB. t d
C. being dingD. t be dne
【陷阱】容易误选B，根据 can’t help ding sth 这一结构推出。
【分析】其实答案应选A。比较以下结构：
can’t help t d sth = 不能帮助做某事
can’t help ding sth = 禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事
又如下面一题，答案也是 B：
She can’t help ____ the huse because she’s busy making a cake.
A cleaningB. t clean
C. cleanedD. being cleaned
再请看以下试题：
While shpping, peple smetimes can’t help _____ int buying smething they dn’t really need.
A. t persuadeB. persuading
C. being persuadedD. be persuaded
此题应选C，句中的 can’t help 意为“禁不住”（注意根据句意用被动形式）。
3. All her time _______ experiments, she has n time fr films.
A. devted t dB. devted t ding
C. devting t dingD. is devted t ding
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】此题最佳答案为B。现分析如下：
(1) devte 意为“致力于，献身于”，主要用 devte…t…或be devted t，其中的t 是介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不用不定式。
(2) 选A错误：若将 d 改为 ding 则可以。
(3) 选B正确：all her time devted t ding experiments为独立主格结构，用作状语。
(4) 选C错误：因为all her time 与 devte 为被动关系，故应将devting改为devted。
(5) 选D错误：若单独看 All her time is devted t ding experiments，此句并没有错，但问题是逗号前后两个简单句没有必要的连接方式，所以从整体上看仍不对，假若在后一句的句首加上and或s，则可选D，或将D将中的is 改为 being也可选它。
请做以下类似题（答案均选A）：
(1) All the preparatins fr the prject ______, we’re ready t start.
A. cmpletedB. have been cmpleted
C. had been cmpletedD. been cmpleted
(2) Such _______ the case, I culdn’t help but______ him.
A. being, supprtB. was, supprt
C. has been, supprtingD. is, t supprt
比较以下各题，答案选B，因为句中使用了并列连词and：
(1) All the preparatins fr the prject ______, and we’re ready t start.
A. cmpletedB. have been cmpleted
C. had been cmpletedD. been cmpleted
(2) Such _______ the case, I culdn’t help but______ him.
A. being, supprtB. was, supprt
C. has been, supprtingD. is, t supprt
4. The purpse f new technlgies is t make life easier, ______ it mre difficult.
A. nt makeB. nt t make
C. nt makingD. d nt make
【陷阱】容易误选C，受题干中的逗号的影响，认为是现在分词表结果的用法。
【分析】其实答案应选B，句中的逗号相当于连词 and 或 but，nt t make it mre difficult 是对逗号前的不定式 t make life easier 的补充说明。此句的意思是“新技术的目的是为了使生活变得更容易，而不是使生活变得更困难”。两个不定式同时用以说明句子主语 purpse 的内容。请做以下类似试题（答案选B）：
The purpse f the scheme is nt t help the emplyers but _____ wrk fr yung peple.
A. prvideB. t prvide
C. prvidingD. prvided
5. The murderer was brught in, with his hands ______ behind his back.
A. t be tiedB. being tied
C. tiedD. having tied
【陷阱】容易误选B。
【分析】最佳答案为C。从意义上看，hands 与 tie 的关系应属被动关系，故排除D。在A、B、C三个选项中，选项A比较容易排除，因为不定式表示将来意义，在此与语境不符。现将B和C作一比较：B为现在分词的被动式，它表示两层意义，一是表被动，二是表进行，也就是说 his hands being tied 的实际意思是“他的手正在被捆住”，这显然与语境不符。而C为过去分词，它也表示两层意义，一是表被动，二是表示动词的完成或完成后的状态，此句中的 with his hands tied behind his back 可视为手被捆在背后的一种状态。由此可知最佳答案为C。请看下面一题：
Anyne ______ trying t take knives n heard flights wuld be caught by the plice.
A. findsB. fund
C. being fundD. will find
答案选B而不选C，其中的过去分词表示被动和完成。
比较下面两题，最佳答案是D不是A，现在分词的被动式表示被动和进行：
(1) The curt hears abut 120 cases a year; visitrs are welcme t see a case ______.
A. arguedB. t be argued
C. t be arguingD. being argued
(2) The silence f the library was smetimes brken by an ccasinal cugh r by the sund f pages _______.
A. turnedB. having turned
C. t be turnedD. being turned
6. Remind me _______ the medicine tmrrw.
A. f takingB. taking
C. t takeD. take
【陷阱】容易误选A。受 remind sb f (ding) sth 这一常用结构的影响。
【分析】最佳答案为C。比较以下三个结构：
remind sb f [abut] sth = 使某人想起某事
remind sb f ding sth = 提醒某人做过某事（暗示动作已发生）
remind sb t d sth = 提醒某人去做某事（暗示动作尚未发生）
请看两个例句：
I reminded him f his prmise. 我提醒他做过的诺言。
My wife reminded me f seeing that film. 我妻子提醒我曾经看过那部电影。
Can yu remind me t phne her tmrrw? 你明天能否提醒我给她打电话?
7. Once yur business becmes internatinal, _____ cnstantly will be part f yur life.
A. yu flyB. yur flight
C. flightD. flying
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案为D。由于空格后出现了cnstantly这一副词，这就说明不能选B或C，因为B、C均为名词，不能受副词 cnstantly 的修饰。A和D均是可能的，因为其中有动词 fly。但若选A，yu fly 是一个主谓结构，与其后的谓语 will be 相冲突，所以只能选D，即动名词flying在此用作主语。
8. Nt nly shuld yu get used ______ under difficult cnditins but yu als yu pay mre attentin ______ yur wrk well.
A. t wrk, t d B. t wrking, t ding
C. t wrk, t ding D. t wrking, t d
【陷阱】容易误选A，认为两个空白处均应填不定式。
【分析】正确答案为B，因为 get used t与pay attentin t 这两个结构中的t均为介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不能动词原形。类似地，以下各结构中的 t 也是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时也应用动名词，而不是动词原形：
lk frward t ding sth 盼望做某事
be ppsed t ding sth 反对做某事
bject t ding sth反对做某事
stick t ding sth 坚持做某事
get dwn t ding sth 开始做某事
take t ding sth 喜欢上做某事
admit t ding 承认做了某事
pay attentin t ding sth 注意做某事
devte ne’s time t ding sth 把某人的时间用于(奉献于)做某事
be equal t ding sth 等于做某事，能胜任做某事
What d yu say t ding sth 你认为做某事怎么样
9. Bth f my parents insisted _______ a cmputer fr me, but I dn’t think it is necessary.
A. t buyB. buying
C. n buyingD. in buying
【陷阱】容易误选B，误认为insist后不能接不定式，但可以接动名词。
【分析】答案应选C。其实，动词 insist 后既不能接不定式也不能接动名词，因为insist 通常用作不及物动词；若语义上需接宾语，要借助介词 n或upn，即用于 insist n [upn] (ding) sth；但它有时的确也可用作及物动词，不过其宾语通常只能是 that 从句，而不能是普通的名词、代词或动名词。如：
He insisted n seeing her hme. 他坚持送她回家。
I insisted that he (shuld) stay. 我坚持要他留下。
10. “D yu have anything mre ______, sir?” “N. Yu can have a rest r d smething else.”
A. typingB. t be typed
C. typedD. t type
【陷阱】容易误选D，根据 have sth t d 这一常用结构推出。
【分析】最佳答案是B。确实，在“have+宾语+不定式”结构中，用作定语的不定式通常用主动式表示被动含义，如 I have sme clthes t wash等，即尽管其中的 sme clthes 与其后的不定式 t wash 具有被动关系，但却习惯上用主动式表示被动意义。但值得指出的是，这类句型的主语与其后的不定式具有主动关系，如 I have sme clthes t wash 中的 t wash 就是由该句主语 I 来完成的。而上面一题的情形有所不同，即其中的 t type 这一动作不是由句子主语 yu来完成的，而是由说话者“我”来完成的。比较：
Are yu ging t Shanghai? D yu have anything t take t yur sn? 你要去上海吗？你有什么东西要带给你儿子吗？
I’m ging t Shanghai next week. I have a lt f things t take with me. 下个星期我要去上海，我随身要带很多东西去。
11. She tk her sn, ran ut f the huse, _____ him in the car and drve quickly t the nearest dctr’s ffice.
A. putB. t put
C. puttingD. having put
【陷阱】容易误选B或C，误认为这考查非谓语动词的用法。
【分析】正确答案选A。句中的tk, ran, put, drve 为四并列的谓语动词，其时态应一致。类似地如(答案选A)：
I gt ut f the taxi, _____ the fare and dashed int the statin.
A. paidB. paying
C. t payD. having paid
但是，下面一题稍有不同：
Hearing the news, he rushed ut, ______ the bk ______ n the table and disappeared int the distance.
A. left; lain penB. leaving; lying pen
C. leaving; lie penedD. left; lay pened
此题答案选B，leaving 在此表结果，lying pen 与其前的动词leave有关，leave 后接现在分词作宾语补足语，表示使某人或某物处于做某事的状态中。
12. The bss insisted that every minute ______ made full use f ______ the wrk well.
A. be, t dB. was, ding
C. be, dingD. was, t d
【陷阱】容易误选B。
【分析】其实正确答案是A。分析如下：
(1) 第一空填 be，是因为insisted 后接that从句，从句谓语要用“shuld+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的shuld也可省略。
(2) 第二空要填t d，是因为此句谓语为被动语态，假若将此句转换成主动语态，则是 …shuld make full use f every minute t d the wrk well, 句中涉及 make use f … t d sth (利用……做某事)这一结构。另外，还有 make the mst f (尽量利用)，make the best f (尽量利用)等短语也可能用于此类试题。请看以下类似例子：
(1) The ld prfessr tld us every part f the materials shuld be made use f ______ the pwer statin.
A. t buildB. building
C. buildD. built
此题答案选 A，不是 B。为便于理解，可先考虑以下结构：
…make use f every part f the materials t build the pwer statin
由此可见，make use f 的宾语是 every part f the materials，其后的不定式 t build the pwer statin 为目的状语。
(2) Des the way yu thught f _______ the water clean make any sense?
A. makingB. t make
C. hw t makeD. having made
此题答案选B，不是A。句子主语是 the way，yu thught f 是修饰主语的定语从句，不定式 t make the water clean 也是修饰主语的定语，也就是说，句子主语带有两个定语修饰语。
13. The managers discussed the plan that they wuld like t see ______ the next year.
A. carried utB. carrying ut
C. carry utD. t carry ut
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】答案选A。此句结构较复杂，现分析如下：
(1) that they wuld like t see _____ the next year 是修饰名词 the plan 的定语从句。
(2) 由于 the plan 与空格处的 carry ut 有被动关系，故填过去分词 carried ut。
请做以下类似试题：
(1) Wh d yu think yu’d like _____ with yu, a by r a girl?
A. t have gB. t have t g
C. t have gneD. having t g
在确定答案之前，我们先来看看下面这个句子：
I think I’d like t have a by g with me.
句中的 g 要用原形，这是因为其前有表示使役的动词have。在此句中，假若对名词a by 提问，便可得出：
Wh d yu think yu’d like t have g with yu?
对照上面一题，答案很显然是A。
(2) Wh did the bss _____ his car this time?
A. make washB. make t wash
C. make washingD. making t wash
在做此题之前，也请先看看下面这个句子：
The bss made Jack wash his car this time.
假若对句中的名词Jack 提问，便可得出：
Wh did the bss make wash his car this time?
由此可知上面题答案为A。
(3) Yu can never imagine what great difficulty I had ______ yur huse all by myself.
A. fundB. finding
C. t findD. fr finding
此题答案选B。考查的基本结构是 have great difficulty (in) ding sth。
14. Hw happy we are! The hliday we have been lking frward _______ at last.
A. t has cmeB. t have cme
C. t having cmeD. has cme
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】其实正确答案是A。大家知道，短语 lk frward t意为“盼望”，其中的 t 是介词，而不是不定式符号，所以后接动词要用动名词，许多同学据此便选择了C。但问题是，句中介词 t 的宾语不是have cme，而是the hliday。正解的句子分析是：the hliday为句子主语，we have been lking frward t 是修饰主语的定语从句(介词 t 的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词 that，被省略)，has cme 是句子谓语。请做以下类似试题：
(1) The man yu referred t _____ just nw.
A. cmesB. cme
C. cmingD. came
答案选D，句子主语为 the man，yu referred t 为修饰 the man 的定语从句，空白处填 came，为句子谓语。
(2) The thery he sticks t ______ t be f n use in ur studies.
A. prvesB. prve
C. prvingD. be prved
答案选A，he sticks t 是修饰主语 the thery 的定语从句，句子的基本结构为 The thery prves t be f n use in ur studies.
(3) The wrk he devted his time t _____ wrth praising.
A. wasB. be
C. beingD. been
答案选A，he devted his time t 是修饰主语 the wrk 的定语从句。句子的基本结构为 The wrk was wrth praising.
(4) I think this is the very wrk that we must finish ____ her.
A. t helpB. help
C. helpingD. helped
答案是 A。句中空格处填的动词help 并不是 finish 的宾语，正确的句子分析是：that I must finish 是修饰名词 the very wrk 的定语从句，finish 的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词 that，其后的不定式 t help her 是目的状语。
(5) Which d yu enjy ____ yur weekend, swimming r fishing?
A. spendingB. being spent
C. spendD. t spend
答案选 D。enjy 的宾语是句首的疑问词 which，不是其后的动词 spending。此题中的 t spend… 用作目的状语。
(5) What the by enjys _____ t have a rm f his wn.
A. beingB. t be
C. isD. are
答案选C，而不选A。what the by enjys 是主语从句，空格处填的 is 为谓语动词。
(6) Nthing that he suggested _____ t be f any use.
A. prve B. prved C. prving D. t prve
答案选B，而不选C。句子主语是 nthing，that he suggested 是修饰主语的定语从句，suggested 的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词 that，而不是其后的动词；句子谓语是 prved。全句意为“他建议的情况没有一条是有用的。”
(7) The ld huse we paid a visit _____ at the tp f the hill.
A. standingB. t stand
C. t standingD. t stands
答案选D。we paid a visit t 是修饰the ld huse 的定语从句，句中的stands 为主句谓语。
(8) The life he is nw used _____ quite different frm urs.
A. isB. t be
C. t beingD. t is
答案选D。句中he is nw used t 是修饰 the life 的定语从句，t 后的动词 is 是句子的谓语，句意为“他现在习惯的这种生活与我们的生活很不相同”。
(9) The wrk he paid special attentin _____ t nthing.
A. cameB. t cme
C. t cmingD. t came
答案选D。句中的he paid special attentin t 是修饰 the wrk 的定语从句，t 后的动词 came 是句子的谓语，句意为“他特别关注的那项工作泡汤了”。
(10) The result what he said wuld lead _____ his regret in the future.
A. isB. t be
C. t beingD. t was
答案选D。句中what he said wuld lead t 是修饰 the result 的定语从句，t 后的动词 was 是句子的谓语，句意为“他所说的话将导致的结果是他今后的后悔”。
15. _______ the rad rund t the right and yu’ll find his huse.
A. FllwB. Fllwing
C. T fllwD. Fllwed
【陷阱】容易误选B或C，误认为这是非谓语动词作状语。
【分析】正确答案选A。根据句中的连词and 可推知它是一个并列句。假若将此题改为下面这样，则答案为B：
_______ the rad rund t the right, yu’ll find his huse.
A. FllwB. Fllwing
C. T fllwD. Fllwed
但是，若改成下面一题这样，则答案为C(不定式短语表目的)：
_______ the rad rund t the right, the blind man asked a by t guide him.
A. FllwB. Fllwing
C. T fllwD. Fllwed
请做以下试题，答案均选A，都是因为句中的并列连词 and（填空句为祈使句）：
(1) _______ t the tp f the hill, and yu can see the whle f the twn.
A. GetB. T get
C. GettingD. Having gt
(2) ______ the milk and set a gd example t the ther children.
A. DrinkB. T drink
C. DrinkingD. Having drinking
(3) ______ me, and then try t cpy what I d.
A. WatchB. Watching
C. T watchD. Have watching
(4) _____ thrugh this bk and tell me what yu think f it.
A. LkB. Lking
C. T lkD. Having lked
(5) _____ it with me and I’ll see what I can d.
A. LeaveB. Leaving
C. If yu leaveD. When left
有时不用连词连接句子，而用破折号，情况也是一样(答案均选A)。如：
(6) _____ dwn the radi — the baby’s asleep in the next rm.
A. TurnB. Turning
C. t turnD. T have turned
(7) _____ sme f this juice — perhaps yu will like it.
A. TryB. Trying
C. T tryD. T have tried
以下各题也应选A，是因为句中的从属连词 when, befre, until 等（填空句为祈使句）：
(8) ______ him enugh time t get hme befre yu telephne.
A. GiveB. T give
C. GivingD. Given
(9) ______ left when yu get t the end f the street.
A. KeepB. Keeping
C. T keepD. Kept
(10) ______ yur hand ver yur muth when yu cugh.
A. PutB. Putting
C. T putD. T be putting
(11)______ until the lights have turned t green.
A. WaitB. T wait
C. WaitingD. Having waited
(12) ______ the pieces f clth with a lse stitch befre finally sewing them tgether.
A. JinB. T jin
C. JiningD. Jined
以下各题也应选A，因为填空句为祈使句：
(13) I dn’t want t listen a lng stry — just _____ me the result.
A. tellB. telling
C. t tellD. t be telling
(14) Why stand there watching — _____ and help us!
A. cmeB. cming
C. t cmeD. t be cming
(15) Dn’t waste yur mney n silly things — ______ it.
A. saveB. t save
C. savingD. having saved
(16) First ______ the rice by washing it, then ______ it in biling water.
A. prepare, ckB. preparing, cking
C. preparing, ckD. prepare, cking
(17) T test eggs, _____ them in a bwl f water: if they flat they’re bad, if they sink they’re gd.
A. putB. putting
C. t putD. t be putting
但是请注意，类似下面这样的题目情形有所不同，所填部分为目的状语（用不定式，即答案选B）：
(18) ______ French well, she went t France t live with his cusins.
A. StudyB. T study
C. StudyingD. Having studied
(19) _____ late in the mrning, Mr. Smith turned ff the alarm.
A. SleepB. T sleep
C. SleepingD. Having slept
(20) ______ the flies ut, we had t shut all the drs and windws.
A. KeepB. T keep
C. KeepingD. Having kept
(21) ______ their service, the wrkers f the htel are active in learning English.
A. ImprvingB. T imprve
C. ImprveD. Having imprved
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. He lked arund and caught a man ______ his hand int the pcket f a passenger.
A. putB. t be putting
C. t putD. putting
2. When yu’re learning t drive, _______ a gd teacher makes a big difference.
A. haveB. having
C. and haveD. and having
3. I felt it a great hnur ______ t speak t yu.
A. t askB. asking
C. t be askedD. having asked
4. I wuld lve _______ t the party last night but I had t wrk extra hurs t finish a reprt.
A. t gB. t have gne
C. gingD. having gne
5. Befre yu decide t leave yur jb, _______ the effect it will have n yur family.
A. cnsiderB. cnsidering
C. t cnsiderD. cnsidered
6. Rbert is said _______ abrad, but I dn’t knw what cuntry he studied in.
A. t have studiedB. t study
C. t be studyingD. t have been studying
7. It is said that in Australia there is mre land than the gvernment knws _______.
A. it what t d withB. what t d it with
C. what t d with itD. t d what with it
8. Anyne _______ bags, bxes, r whatever, was stpped by the plice.
A. seen carryB. seen carrying
C. saw t carryD. saw carrying
9. Mr Reed made up his mind t devte all he had t _______ sme schls fr pr children.
A. set upB. setting up
C. have set upD. having set up
10. The discvery f new evidence led t _______.
A. the thief having caughtB. catch the thief
C. the thief being caughtD. the thief t be caught
11. She lks frward every spring t _______ the flwer-lined garden.
A. visitB. paying a visit
C. walk inD. walking in
12. T test eggs, _______ them in a bwl f water: if they flat they’re bad, if they sink they’re gd.
A. putB. putting
C. t putD. t be putting
13. “Where is David?” “He is upstairs ______ ready t g ut.”
A. t getB. getting
C. t be gettingD. having gt
14. “Mum, why d yu always make me eat an egg every day?” “________ enugh prtein and nutritin as yu are grwing up.”
A. GetB. Getting
C. T getD. t be getting
15. He was reading his bk, cmpletely _______ t the wrld.
A. lstB. lsing
C. t lseD. t have lst
16. We lked everywhere fr the keys, but they are nwhere _______.
A. t findB. t have fund
C. t be fundD. being fund
17. The by wanted t ride his bicycle in the street, but his mther tld him _______.
A. nt tB. nt t d
C. nt d itD. d nt d
18. A ck will be immediately fired if he is fund _______ in the kitchen.
A. smkeB. smking
C. t smkeD. smked
19. Finding her car stlen, _______.
A. a pliceman was asked t help
B. the area was searching thrughly
C. it was lked fr everywhere
D. she hurried t a pliceman fr help
20. “Hw d yu deal with the disagreement between the cmpany and the custmers?” “The key ______ the prblem is t meet the demand ______ by the custmers.”
A. t slving, makingB. t slving, made
C. t slve, makingD. t slve, made
21. “What d yu think made Mary s upset?” “_______ her new bike.”
A. As she lstB. Lst
C. LsingD. Because f lsing
22. The research is s designed that nce _______ nthing can be dne t change it.
A. beginsB. having begun
C. beginningD. begun
23. Thugh ________ mney, his parents managed t send him t university.
A. lackedB. lacking f
C. lackingD. lacked in
24. Tny was very unhappy fr _______ t the party.
A. having nt been invitedB. nt having invited
C. having nt invitedD. nt having been invited
25. Thugh I have ften heard this sng _______. I have never heard yu _______ it.
A. being sung, sangB. sang, singing
C. sung, singD. t be sung, t sing
26. He is a man f few wrds, and seldm speaks until _______ t.
A. spkenB. speaking
C. speakD. be spken
28. When I handed the reprt t Jhn, he said that Gerge was the persn _______.
A. t sendB. fr sending it
C. t send it tD. fr sending it t
29. _______ n time, this medicine will be quite effective.
A. TakingB. Being taken
C. TakenD. Having taken
30. The film star walked t his car, ______ a crwd f jurnalists.
A. fllwed byB. fllwing by
C. t fllwD. t be fllwed by
31. After describing the planned imprvements, she went n _______ hw much they wuld cst.
A. t explainB. explaining
C. t be explainingD. having explained
32. Please excuse me _______ yur letter by mistake.
A. t penB. t have pened
C. fr peningD. in pening
33. Please remember _______ the plants while I’m away.
A. wateringB. t be watering
C. t waterD. being watering
34. Certainly I psted yur letter — I remember ______ it.
A. pstingB. t pst
C. t be pstingD. have psted
35. Stp _______ me t hurry up. I can nly g s fast.
A. t tellB. telling
C. t have tldD. having tld
36. Remember _______ ff the light when _______ t bed.
A. turning, gingB. t turn, t g
C. turning, t gD. t turn, ging
37. _______ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.
A. Having givenB. T give
C. GivingD. Given
38. _______ in 1636, Harvard is ne f the mst famus universities in the United States.
A. Being fundedB. It was funded
C. FundedD. Funding
39. The lady said she wuld buy a gift fr her daughter with the ________.
A. 20 dllars remainedB. 20 dllars t remain
C. remained 20 dllarsD. remaining 20 dllars
40. The picture _______ n the wall is painted by my nephew.
A. having hungB. hanging
C. hangsD. being hung
41. With a lt f difficult prblems ________, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settledB. setting
C. t settleD. being settled
42. Having a trip abrad is certainly gd fr the ld cuple, but it remains _______ whether they will enjy it.
A. t seeB. t be seen
C. seeingD. seen
43. Tny was very unhappy fr _______ t the party.
A. having nt been invitedB. nt having invited
C. having nt invitedD. nt having been invited
44. “Gd mrning. Can I help yu?” “I’d like t have this package _______.”
A. be weighedB. t be weighed
C. t weighD. weighed
45. What have we said _______ her s happy?
A. makesB. t make
C. madeD. has made
46. What wrried the child mst was ______ t visit his mther in the hspital.
A. his nt allwingB. his nt being allwed
C his being nt allwedD. having nt being allwed
47. “Which sweater is yurs?” “The ne _______ N. 9.”
A. that markedB. was marked with
C. which markedD. marked with
48.If the car wn’t start, _____ it.
A. try pushB. try pushing
C. t try pushingD. t try t push
49. They stayed up until midnight _____ the ld year ut and the new year in.
A. and sawB. t see
C. seeingD. fr seeing
◆答案与解析◆
1. 选D。catch sb ding sth 意为“碰上某人在做某事”或“逮住某做某事”。
2. 选B。这是一个含when 引导时间状语从句的主从复合句，having a gd teacher 在主句中用作主语。
3. 选C。句中的 it 为形式主语，不定式 t be asked t speak t yu 为真正主语，因“我”与ask为被动关系，故用被动式。
4. 选 B。like 和 lve后接不定式或动名词均可，但 wuld lve / like 后只能接不定式，据此可排除选项 C、D。表示过去未曾实现的愿望，其后要接不定式完成式，即选 B。
5. 选A，befre 引导的是时间状语从句，填空句为主句，而此主句为一祈使句，故动词用原形。其中 it will have … 为修饰名词 the effect 的宾语从句。
6. 选 A。根据句中的 studied 可知，他曾到国外留过学，也就是说“留学”这个动作已结束并发生在谓语动作(is said)之前，故用完成式，即选 A。
7. 选 C。d with 与 what 连用可以表示“处置”、“放置”、“利用”等。如：
What shall I d with it? 怎样处置它好呢?
What have yu dne with my umbrella? 你把我的雨伞放到哪 里去了?
I dn’t knw what t d with this strange bject. 我不知道这怪东西有什么用。
8. 选B。anyne seen carrying bags…为 anyne wh was seen carrying bags 之略，其中过去分词短语 seen carrying bags … 用作定语修饰代词 anyne。另外，句中的 wh was seen carrying bags 为 see sb ding sth 这一结构的被动式。
9. 选 B。devte…t… 的意思是“把……贡献给……”或“致力于……”，其中 t 是介词，不是不定式符号，若后动词要用动名词。句中的 he had 为定语从句，用以修饰 all，注意不将 had t 视为同一个语义结构。
10. 选 C。lead t 意为“导致”，其中的 t 是介词，不是不定式符号，若后接动词要用动名词。由于逻辑主语 the thief 与catch 为被动关系，故答案选 C。
11. 选 D。lk frward t 意为“期盼”，其中 t 是介词，后接动词要用动名词。注意不能选 B，因为 pay a visit 不能带 the flwer-lined garden 作宾语，假若在 paying a visit 后加上介词 t，则可选 B。
12. 选A。句首的 t test eggs 为目的状语，填空句为祈使句谓语，故要用动词原形。
13. 选B。现在分词短语表伴随。
14. 选C。t get enugh prtein and nutritin 表目的。
15. 选A。(be) lst t sth 为习语，意为“不再受某事物的影响”、“将某事物置之度外”。
16. 选C。因keys 与 find 是被动关系。
17. 选 A。不定式的否定式总是将否定词 nt 置于不定式符号 t 之前，而不能置于其后，同时结合 tell sb (nt) t d sth 这一结构可排除选项 C、D。当不定式的动词是前面已出现过的相同的动词时，为避免重复，通常省略该不定式而只保留不定式符号 t。
18. 选 B。find 后可接现在分词（表示动作在进行）或过去分词（表被动关系）作宾语补足语，但是不接不定式。另外，由于he 与 smke 是主动关系，故选 B。
19. 选 D。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语就是句子主语。比较四个选项，finding her car stlen 的逻辑主语显然是 she，而不是 a pliceman, the area, it 等，故选 D。
20. 选 B。the key t… 意为“……的关键”，其中的 t 是介词，不是不定式符号，若后接动词要用动名词。另一方面，名词 demand 与 make 是被动关系(make demands 提出要求)，同时根据句中的 by the custmers，可确定答案选 B。
21. 选 C。答句是针对疑问词 what 的回答，而问句中的疑问词 what 在句中用作主语，所以答句也应是一个能用作主语的东西，比较四个选项，只有C合适。其完整回答形式为 Lsing her new bike made Mary s upset. 比较，下面一题要填不定式，因为四个选项中只有 T chse a new chairman 能回答疑问词 why：
“Why was a special meeting called?” “______ a new chairman.”
A. ChseB. Chsing
C. T chseD. Chsen
22. 选 D。由于 the research 与 begin 是被动关系，故用过去分词 begun。Once begun 可视为 nce it is begun 之省略。
23. 选 C。由于 his parents 与 lack mney(缺钱)是主动关系，故用现在分词，又因为 lack 是及物动词，故后接宾语无需用介词，故选 C。
24. 选 D。非谓语动词的否定式要将否定词 nt 放在整个非谓语动词之前，据此可排除 A、C。另外，由于 Tny 与 invite 是被动关系，故选 D。
25. C。第一空填 sung，因为 sng 与 sing 是被动关系；第二空填 sing，因为 yu 与 sing 是主动关系。
27. 选 A。until spken t 可视为 until he is spken t 之略。
28. 选C，不定式短语t send it t 用作这语，修饰其前的名词 the persn。注意句尾的介词 t 不能省略，因为被修饰的名词 the persn 为介词 t 的逻辑宾语。
29. 选 C。this medicine 与动词take 为被动关系，故用过去分词。
30. 选A。从句意上看，人群跟在明星后面，反过来，明星便是被人群跟着。
31. 选A。g n ding sth = 继续做同一事情，g n t d sth = 做完某事后续继做某事。
32. 选C。excuse sb fr ding sth 意为“原谅某人做了某事”。
33. 选C。remember ding sth = 记住曾经做过的事，remember t d sth = 记住要做的事。
34. 选A。remember ding sth = 记住曾经做过的事，remember t d sth = 记住要做的事。
35. 选B。根据下文的 I can nly g s fast 知前文应是叫对方不要老催自己快走。比较：stp ding sth = 停止做某事，stp t d sth = 停下正在做的事去干另一事。
36. 选D。一是分清以下两个结构：remember t d sth=记住做某事，remember ding sth=记住曾做过某事；二是注意 when ging t bed 相当于 when yu g t bed。
37. 选 D。由于动词 give 与其逻辑主语 he 是动宾关系，故用过去分词，即选 D。其中 Given time 可视为 If he is given time 之略。
38. C。由于 Harvard(哈佛大学)与 fund(建立)是被动关系，且因句中有 in 1636，故选 C。注意不能选 B，否则前后两句之间缺少必要的连词。
39. 选D，由于 remain 为不及物动词，所以包含过去分词 remained的A和C不宜选(因为两者均含有被动意味)；选项B也不宜选，不定式t remain 用作修饰 20 dllars 的后置定语，由于彼此之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，故不妥（因为 remain 不及物）。现在分词remaining 的意思是“剩下的”。
40. 选 B。动词 hang 表示“悬挂”时，可用作及物或不及物动词，此处填 hanging 或 hung 均可，但不能填 being hung，因为它表示动作正在进行，而此处表示的是一种悬挂的状态。
41. 选 C。“with+名词+不定式”的意思是“有……要……”。又如：
I can’t g ut with all these clthes t wash. 要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。
With such gd cardres t carry ut the Party’s plicy we feel safe. 有这样的好干部执行党的政策，我们感到放心。
42. 选 B。remain 作“尚需”解，是连系动词，其后要接不定式作表语。由于 see 与 it(形式主语，指whether they will enjy it)是动宾关系，因此用不定式的被动式。
43. 选 D。否定词 nt 应放在动名词之前，故排除A、C；又因为 Tny 与 invite 是被动关系，故选 D。
44. 选 D。“have+名词或代词+过去分词”结构在此表示“请某人做某事”。
45. 选 B。t make her s happy 是结果状语。注意词序What have we…，不是 What we have…。比较下面一题(答案选D)：
What we have said ________ her s happy.
A. makesB. t make
C. madeD. has made
46. 选 B。否定词 nt 应放在-ing 形式之前，逻辑主语 his 之后，由此可排除 C 和 D；又因为 the child 与 allw 是被动关系，故选 B。
47. 选D。marked with 可视为 which is marked with N. 9 之略。
48. 选B。注意句首为if 引导的条件状语从句，填空句为祈使句，故第一个动词应是try，不应是 t try；另外，try ding sth 的意思是“做某事试试看有何效果”。
49. 选 B。不定式表目的。