专题16 不定代词-备战2025年中考英语语法专项突破与提升训练

这是一份专题16 不定代词-备战2025年中考英语语法专项突破与提升训练，共13页。试卷主要包含了含义，分类等内容，欢迎下载使用。

不明确指某个人，某些事物的代词。可以代替名词和形容词。表示不同的数量概念。在句可作主语，宾语和定语等。
二、分类
1.it & ne
代替上文出现过的名词。
2．it的用法
it除了指带上文提过的事物，还有下列用法。
（1）用来指时间，天气，气候，价值，距离
It rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天雨。
It is 9 ’clck in the mrning nw．现在是早上9点钟。
（2）用于一些表示时间的固定句型中
① It is time fr sth 该做某事了
② It’s time（fr sb）t d sth （某人）该做某事了
③ It’s the first/secnd/third time that 从句 第几次做……
④It’s 时间段 since 从句 ……多长时间了。
即时演练A
一、单项选择
1.---Can I brrw yur ruler?
---Srry, I left__________ at hme. But yu can buy__________in the shp.
it;ne B.it;it C.ne;it D.ne;ne
2. Tm, yur MP4 is quite nice. Hw much is ? I want t buy__________.
A.ne,it B.it;ne C.ne;ne D.it;it
3. ---Yur bag is nice. Where did yu buy__________?
---Beijing. D yu want t have__________like this?
A.it;it B.ne;ne C.ne;it D.it;ne
二、翻译句子
1. （有400米）frm the park t my huse．
2. （天晴了）. Let’s g shpping.
3. （是时候睡觉了）.
2.sme & any
sme
①用于肯定句中，表示“一些”，后面可以跟可数或不可数名词。
She has sme cats. 她有一些猫。
The cat has sme water in its bwl. 这只猫在它的碗里有一些水。
②建议，邀请，商量，请求的疑问句中，或期望得到肯定回答时。
Wuld yu like sme water？你想要一些水么？
【TIPS】常见的表示建议，邀请，请求的问句句型有
Wuld yu like...？ 你想要...？ What abut ...？ 怎么样呢？
Shall we...？ 我们可以...？ Can／Culd I...？ 我能不能...？
any
① 用于否定句和疑问句中，表示“一些”，后跟可数／不可数名词
I dn’t have any cat. 我没有猫。
I dn’t have any mney. 我没有钱。
D yu have any time？你有时间么？
②也可以用于肯定句中，表示“任何”，后跟单数名词
If yu have any questin，just let me knw. 如果你有任何问题，让我知道。
Yu can take any bag. 你可以拿走任何一个包。
即时演练B--单项选择
1.There are dumplings,but there isn't _ bread in the fridge.
A.sme;sme B.any;any C.sme;any D.any;sme
2.There isn't water in the glass.
A.many B.lts C.any D.sme
3.My aunt tld me I culd take bk I like frm her bkshelf.
A.sme B.any C.n D.nt
4.There are nins and ptates, but there aren't_ mushrms.
A.sme;sme B.any;sme C.sme;any D.any;any
5.Wuld yu like t get me water?
A.sme B.any C.few D.little
6.She is very lazy. She desn't d husewrk at hme.
A.sme B.any C.a few D.many
7.I asked her fr sme juice, but she didn't have
A.sme B.few C.many D.any
3.many & much
均意为“许多，大量”，即可以修饰名词，或者代替前面提到过的名词
【注意】：many和much前可以加t，s来修饰，译为太多。即t many，t much，many, s much
即时演练C
用many，much 填空。
1. There are buses in the street.
2. We haven't have cffee.
3. He gets lts f letters but she desn't get .
4. Yu have lts f free time but I dn't have .
5. I like this sng very .
4.(a) few & (a) little
【TIPS】巧记：有没有，看看"a"
可不可数，看手掌
【注意】：
①这四个词可以单独使用，做代词。
--Wuld yu like sme meat？ 请你吃些肉好嘛？ --Just a little. 来一点儿。
②a little 可做副词，修饰动词或者形容词。
I mved a little.我移动了一点。（a little 修饰mve）
I am a little happy.我有一点点开心。（a little 修饰happy）
即时演练D
一、用 a little，little，a few，few 填空
1. It's gd fr the fish t have water plants in the tank.
2. There are peple in frnt f me s I have t wait fr a lng time.
3.--Wuld yu like sme milk fr yur tea? --Yes, just .
4. Please wait just minutes. I am ging t clean myself up.
5. Bys and girls, I have wrds t say.
6. I have mney s I can't buy it.
7.She is sad nw.
8.--D yu want sme sugar? --Yes, .
9. She cried .
5.ther/thers/the ther/the thers/anther
观察例句，体会ther和thers的用法。看后面是否有名词？
1．I am different frm ther peple．我和其他人不一样。
2．I am different frm thers．我和其他人不一样。
观察例句，体会 the ther 和 the thers的用法。思考为什么会有the？
1. Ten students are here. One is a girl, the ther students are bys.
10个学生在这儿。一个是女孩，剩余的是男生。
2.I have three cats. One cat is range, the thers are range t.
我有三只猫。一只是橘猫，另外两只也是橘猫。
【注意】：如果数量范围是2，那么the ther可以单独使用，或者跟名词单数。常见型： ther... 一个...，另一个...
I have tw cats. One cat is range, the ther (cat) is range t.
观察例句，体会anther的用法。
I dn’t like this shirt. Can yu give me anther？我不喜欢这件衣服，你可以给我看另一件么？
One by is reading；anther is dancing. 一个男孩在读书，另一个在跳舞。
it
指与前面提到的事物，是同一物。
I like yur bag. I want t buy it. (it=yur bag)
ne
指与前面事物是同类事物，同类不同物；
若前面的名词是复数，则用nes代替。
I like yur bag. I want t buy ne.
（ne指的是和你包包同款）
many
①后跟可数名词复数形式
②代替可数名词
① Many hands make light wrk.
人多好办事。
② Many dn't agree with this.
很多人不同意这个。
much
①后跟不可数名词
②代替不可数名词
③修饰动词，放在句末
① I had much wrk t d.
我有好多活要干。
② Much has been dne t imprve it. 已经做了很多来改善了。
③ I lve yu s much. 我很喜欢你。
用法
用于可数名词
用于不可数名词
表示肯定（一些）
a few虽少，但有几个
a little 虽少，但有一点
表示否定（几乎没有）
few 几乎没有
little 没有什么
意思
特指r 泛指
形式
ther
其他的
泛指
后跟名词复数
thers
其他的人或物
不跟名词
意思
特指r 泛指
形式
the ther
（一定范围内）其余的
特指
后跟名词复数
the thers
（一定范围内）其余的人／物
不跟名词
意思
特指r 泛指
形式
anther
另一个
泛指三者或以上
后跟名词单数
也可单独使用
【注意】：anther 后加数词，表示“又，再”
I need anther three helpers.我需要再多三名帮手。
【TIPS】①有范围的，就选择有the
②有名词无s；无名词来个s
即时演练E
用 ther，thers，the ther，the thers，anther填空。
1.D yu have any prblems?
2.He has tw daughters. One is a nurse, is a wrker.
3.Sme f us like singing and dancing, g in fr sprts.
4.There are five girls.Tw girls will g t the park, and will stay at hme.
5.A few students are playing ftball while are watching them.
6.Tw f the ten bys are standing and are sitting arund them.
7.I've bught tw pens, ne frm Beijing, frm Tianjin.
8.Fur f them are in the classrm. What abut ?
9.I want cup f tea.
6.all & nne
用法
例句
all
①侧重指三者或三者以上＂都，全部，一切”，可以和f搭配，即all f
② all于否定句时，表示部分否定；表示全部否定使用nne。
All the bys are n the playgrund.所有的男生都在操场上。
Nt all bks are gd.
不是所有的书都是好书。
【注意】all作主语，指代人时，谓语动词使用复数形式；指代事情时，谓语动词一般使用单数
All ges very well.一切进展非常顺利。
7.bth & neither & either
nne
①意为“没有人，没有一个，一点几也没有。可以和f 搭配，即nne f
Nne f the bks are mine.这些书都不是我的。
Nne f the fd ges bad.没有一点食物坏掉。
【注意】nne与n ne的区别：
①指代问题：nne既可指人，又可指物，而n ne意为“没有人”，只能用于指人。
②谓语单复数问题：两者作主语时，谓语用单数；
③搭配：nne可以与f搭配，而n ne无此用法；
④ nne 用于回答 hw many或hw much 引出的特殊疑问句；
n ne 用于回答 wh引出的特殊疑问句。
-Hw many students are there in the classrm nw？现在教室里有多少学生？
-Nne.没有一个人。
-Wh is in the classrm nw？现在谁在教室呢？
-N ne.没人。
bth
①表示“两者都”，可以和f搭配
②句型：＂两者都，既又”。
They bth are wrkers.他们两个都是工人。
Bth Tm and Jerry are gd at dancing.Tm 和Jerry 都擅长跳舞。
【注意】bth作主语时，谓语动词使用复数形式；
Bth have been t Beijing.他们两人都去过北京。

即时演练F--用all／bth／neither／either／nne 填空。
1.--There are tw bttles f juice here. D yu mind which ne I take?
--N, take
2.--Shall I phne yu in the mrning r afternn?
-- . I'll be free all day.
3.--What day is it tday, the 19th r 20th?
-- . Its the 21st.
4.She has three sns but f them live with her.
5.-- Is she at wrk r at hme?
-- . She's n Germany fr hliday.
6.--Where did yu g fr yur hlidays? Sctland r Ireland?
--We went t . A week in Sctland and a week in Ireland.
7.--D yu want tea r cffee?
-- . I really dn't mind.
8.--Ww! Yu've gt s many skirts.
--But f them are in fashin nw.
neither
①意为“两者都不”，后跟名词单数：可以和f搭配
②＂既不也不”，其后动词的单复数看最靠近动词的主语（就近原则）
Neither answer is right. 两个答案都不对。
Neither he nr I am a dctr. 他和我都不是医生。
【注意】neither作主语时，谓语动词使用单数形式
either
①表示“两者中任何一个”，后跟名词单数；可以和f搭配
②”或者或者”。其后动词的单复数看最靠近动词的主语（就近原则）
Yu can park n either side f the street. 你在街道的哪边停车都可以。
Either he r I am ging t the party. 或者他或者我会去派对。
【注意】
（1）either做主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
（2）either可作为副词，意为“也”，用于否定句的句末。
He wn’t g and I wn’t g；either. 他不去，我也不去。
8.each&every
即时演练G--用each和every填空。
1. I gave a present t f my parents.
2. The Olympic Games are held fur years.
3. f them has been t the Great Wall.
4. Tw bys came in. was carrying a bx.
5. student has a new bk n their desks.
9．复合不定代词
（1）含义
由sme，any，every，n与ne，bdy，thing一起构成的代词叫复合不定代词，如smething everybdy，anyne，nthing等。用法
例句
each
①表示“每；每个”，指2个或两个以上，②可单独使用；也后跟名词单数
②作主语，常用于 each f 短语
There are many flwers n each side f the street.在街道的每一边都有很多花朵。
Each man has its wn name.每个人都有自己的名字。
every
①表示“每；每个”，指3个或3个以上，后跟名词单数
②作主语，动词用单数。
③every＋数字＋复数名词，表示”每...”
Every by in ur class likes basketball.
班上的每个男孩都喜欢篮球。
There will be a sprt meeting every tw years.
每隔2年将会有一场运动会。
（2）用法
①复合不定代词一般用作单数，在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Nbdy is here.没有在这儿。
Smene always shuts here.总有人在这儿大叫。
②形容词修饰复合不定代词，把形容词放在后面，简称“不形”
There’s nthing imprtant t tell yu.没有重要的事情告诉你。
There must be smething wrng with her.她肯定有问题。
③复合不定代词后常加“else”，表示“另外，其他”
Can smene else help me ut？有其他人可以帮忙么？
④sme-类的不定代词主要用于肯定句中；any-类的主要用于否定句，疑问句。
There is smebdy.有人在这儿。
I can’t see anybdy here.我没看到这里有人。
【注意】
sme-类可用于表示邀请，请求的问句。
any-类用在肯定句中，表示“无论什么东西，随便什么东西
Wuld yu like smething t eat？你想要吃什么么？
Yu can take anything.你可以拿走任何东西。
即时演练H--单项选择
1.--Wh helped yu clean the classrm yesterday?
-- . I cleaned it all by myself.
A.smebdy B.nbdy C.everybdy D.anybdy
2.--Where is my bk?
--It isn't here. Maybe tk it away by mistake.
A.everyne B.nbdy C.anybdy D.smebdy
3.--What a big bx! Can I help yu?
--N,thanks. There's . It's empty.
A.nthing B.everything C.anything D.smethingsmebdy 某人
smene某人
smething 某事
anybdy 任何人
anyne 任何人
anything 任何事
nbdy 没人
n ne 没人
nthing 没东西
everybdy 每人
everyne 每人
everything 每件事情，一切
4.--Des knw the answer t the questin?
--Me.
A.everyne B.anybdy C.everyne D.nbdy
5. Nt enjys sprts. But we must d sprts t stay healthy.
A.smene B.anyne C.everyne D.nbdy.
6.Alice bught sme presents fr her parents, but she didn't buy fr herself.
A.smething B.nthing C.anything D.everything
综合练习
一、单选题
1.I dn't want this jacket.Please shw me .
A.thers B.the thers C.anther D.the ther
2.We study Chinese, English,and sme subjects.
A.the ther B.thers C.ther D.anther
3.Je can nly take tw f his family members int the studi and leave waiting utside.
A.the thers B.thers C.ther D.the ther
4.These shes are t small.Yu may buy sme shes.
A.anther B.ther C.the thers D.thers
5.The children dn't like this stry,please tell them
A.anther B.the ther C.thers D.the thers
6.There are fur bks n the shelf.One is French,are English.
A.anther B.ther C.thers D.the thers
7.We have tw freign classmates. One is Tm,and is David.
A.thers B.the ther C.anther D.ther
8.Wuld yu like t have cup f tea?
A anther B.ther C.thers D.the ther
9.--Which d yu prefer,tea r cffee? -- thanks. I'd like a glass f water.
A.Either B.Neither C.Bth D.all
10.--Are Mr.and Mrs.Huang living alne in the huse?--Yes,althugh they have tw sns, f them live with their parents.
A.neither B.bth C.all D.nne
11.--Here are three bks n English. Which ne wuld yu like t brrw?
-- . I'm interested in histry these days.
A.All B.Nne C.Bth D.Each
12.--What d yu think f the fur classics f China?
--I hear that they are wnderful, but I've read f them.
A.all B.bth C.neither D.nne
13.--It was a heavy snw last night. Are we all here nw?
--Yes, and_ f us was late.
A.all B.either C.neither D.nne
14. He tried n tw jackets,but f them fitted him.
A.all B.bth C.nne D.neither
15. --Hw d yu usually cme t schl,by bus r by bike?
-- . I walk.
A.Either B.Neither C.Bth D.Any
16. my mum nr my dad likes cffee.
A.Either B.Nne C.Neither D.All
17.N ne at hme yesterday afternn.
A.were B.be C.was D.is
18. We culdn't eat in this restaurant because f us had mney with us.
A.all;n B.any;n C.nne;any D.nbdy;any
19.Will yu pass me salt n the table?
A.any B.few C.little: D.sme
20.Althugh we were very tired, f us wuld stp t have a rest.
A.n ne B.smene C.nne D.any
21.---Excuse me,can I take a bus t the museum?
---Srry, f the buses ges there. Yu can walk there.
A.nne B.bth C.all D.each22.There are many trees n side f the street.
A.either B.bth C.any D.every
23.---Is there in the bx? --- Nthing.
A.smething else B.else smething C.anything else D.else anything
24.---What are yu wrried abut pandas?
---They have and land t live n.
A.few;few B.less;little C.fewer;fewer D.less;less
25.Listen! is calling fr help. Let's g and have a lk.
A.Anyne B.Everyne C.Smene D.N ne
26. f my classmates watched the game last Saturday. We all went t the museum.
A.Sme B.Mst C.Nne D.N ne
27.--Everyne knws Canada is the secnd largest cuntry in the wrld.
--That is,it is larger than cuntry in Asia.
A.any B.any ther C.ther D.Anther
28.--Is there else in the classrm?
--It is empty. is listening t a speech in the schl hall.
A.anyne;Anyne B.anyne;Everyne
C.everyne;Anyne D.everyne;Everyne
29.Dear classmates,may I have yur attentin,please? I have t tell yu.
A.imprtant smething B.imprtant anything
C.smething imprtant D.anything imprtant
30. There is news abut this mvie star in the newspaper. Where can I get sme?
A.many B.a few C.a lt D.little
31.---I'm s hungry. Can I have ?
---Of curse. Hw abut a piece f cake?
A.anything t eat B.smething t eat C.anything eating D.smething eat
32.In ur schl, students like English,but f them can speak English smthly.
A.a little, a few B.a few,few C.a few,little D.a little,few
33.---These sunglasses are all new arrivals.Which d yu like better?
---The light black .
A.nes B.ne C.them D.it
答案
即时演练A
一、语法选择 1-3 ABD
二、翻译句子 1.It is 400 meters 2.It is sunny 3.It is time t g t bed
即时演练B 1-5 CCBCA 6-10 BD
即时演练C 1.many 2.much 3.many 4.much 5.much
即时演练D
1.a few 2.a few 3.a little 4.a few 5.a few 6.little
6. a little 8.a little 9.a little
即时演练E
1.ther 2.the ther 3.thers 4.the thers 5.thers 6.the thers
7. the ther 8.the thers 9.anther
即时演练F
1.either 2.either 3.neither 4.nne
5.neither 6.bth 7.Either 8.nne
即时演练G 1.each 2.every 3.Each 4.Each 5.Each/Every
即时演练H 1-5 BDABC 6 C
综合练习
1-5 CCABA 6-10 DBABA 11-15 BDDDB 16-20 CCCDC
21-25 AACDC 26-30 CABCD 31-35 BBB