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2023北京北师大二附中高二（上）期中英语试卷（教师版）
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这是一份2023北京北师大二附中高二（上）期中英语试卷（教师版），共23页。试卷主要包含了完型填空，阅读理解，选词填空，语法填空，课文默写，阅读表达，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
说明：
本试卷共12页，115分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
一、完型填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Speaking Up
I never lked up when my friends were talking and jking abut the retarded (智障的) by a few tables away. It didn’t even crss my mind that he might feel ___1___ when peple whispered abut him. S I just let them talk.
Then came the day when I learned my yunger brther Tm’s testing fr autism (自闭症) came ut psitive (阳性). I had never thught abut him like that. I brke ___2___, crying. Everything had just changed. He was n lnger a(n) ___3___ little by.
Over time, I was able t accept his illness a little mre. We had t ___4___ because Tm needed treatment. S Tm and I bth started at a new schl. One day, I was standing in the bus line waiting when a “shrt” bus (fr the retarded) came and ___5___ sme kids up. The children in the ther line started making ___6___ abut the “retarded” n that bus and I felt a strange feeling in my heart. I said quietly that thse cmments weren’t very nice, but n ne listened.
My family mved again. In the new schl I gt a ___7___ t speak up pretty sn. That day, in a band class, my teacher ___8___ ur playing t make sme cmments, “… Guys, we’re playing like the kids n the shrt bus! Cme n!”
The entire rm was laughing ludly. I felt very bad. Then, I raised my hand. I wasn’t sure what I was ging t say but I wanted t be heard.
The whle class ___9___ dwn. My muth pened and this came ut: “I dn’t think we shuld make fun f the shrt bus, because there are peple n that bus wh have a lt in cmmn with us and have the same feelings as we d.” I culd feel my ____10____ getting luder. “S I wuld ____11____ it if yu didn’t make fun f them.”
The rm was very quiet and everyne stared at me. My teacher ____12____ fr the wrds and then started the sng again. At the end f the class, everyne was giving me strange lks. But I didn’t ____13____, because I knew three things: I had spken the ____14____. I had taught everyne smething, and while everyne in the classrm was being a fllwer, I had decided t take a different path since I wanted t becme a ____15____ and a rle mdel.
1. A. amazedB. hurtC. uncertainD. cld
2. A. ffB. inC. dwnD. away
3. A. nrmalB. nisyC. utstandingD. impressive
4. A. changeB. mveC. quitD. study
5. A. setB. tkC. brughtD. picked
6. A. jkesB. cmplaintsC. chicesD. discveries
7. A. chanceB. psitinC. tpicD. pint
8. A. encuragedB. btheredC. enjyedD. stpped
9. A. satB. slwedC. quietedD. lked
10. A. paceB. viceC. pulseD. breath
11. A. excuseB. appreciateC. standD. permit
12. A. aplgizedB. fughtC. allwedD. argued
13. A. understandB. nticeC. returnD. care
14. A. wisdmB. imprtanceC. matterD. truth
15. A. reprterB. thinkerC. leaderD. trainer
二、阅读理解(共两节;满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
December 15, 2014
Dear Alfred，
I want t tell yu hw imprtant yur help is t my life.
Grwing up, I had peple telling me I was t slw, thugh, with an IQ f 150+ at 17, I’m anything but stupid. The fact was that I was fund t have ADHD(注意力缺陷多动障碍). Anxius all the time, I was unable t keep fcused fr mre than an hur at a time.
Hwever, when smething did interest me, I culd becme absrbed. In high schl, I became curius abut the cmputer, and built my first website. Mrever, I cmpleted the senir curse f Cmputer Basics, plus five relevant pre-cllege curses.
While I was explring my curisity, my disease gt wrse. I wanted t g t cllege after high schl, but culdn’t . S, I was killing my time at hme until June 2012 when I discvered the nline cmputer curses f yur training center.
Since then, I have taken curses like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics. Currently, I’m learning yur Prbability curse. I have hundreds f printer paper, cvered in self-written ntes frm yur vide. This has given me a purpse.
Last year, I spent all my time lking fr a jb where, withut dealing with the public , I culd wrk alne, but still have a team t talk t. Luckily, I discvered the jb—Data Analyst—this mnth and have been ging full steam ahead. I want t prve that I can teach myself a respectful prfessin, withut ging t cllege, and be just as gd as, if nt better than, my cmpetitrs.
Thank yu. Yu’ve given me hpe that I can fllw my heart. Fr the first time, I feel gd abut myself because I’m ding smething, nt because smene tld me I was ding gd. I feel whle.
This is why yu’re saving my life.
Yurs,
Tanis
16. why did’t Tanis g t cllege after high schl?
A. She had learned enugh abut cmputer science
B. She had mre difficulty keeping fcused
C. She preferred taking nline curses
D. She was t slw t learn
17. As fr the wrking envirnment, Tains prefers____.
A. wrking by herself
B. dealing with the public
C. cmpeting against thers
D. staying with ADHD students
18. Tanis wrte this letter in rder t_____.
A. explain why she was interested in the cmputer
B. share the ideas she had fr her prfessin
C. shw hw grateful she was t the center
D. describe the curses she had taken s far
B
There is such a thing as a free lunch, it turns ut, as lng as yu dn’t mind t much what it is. Tamara Wilsn fund hers a few streets away frm her west Lndn hme — and as well as picking up sme unwanted bread and fruit that wuld therwise be thrwn away, she made a new friend.
Wilsn is ne f 3.4 millin peple arund the wrld using an app designed t encurage peple t give away rather than thrw away surplus (剩余的) fd. “It’s such a small thing, but it makes me feel gd and my neighbur feel gd. And a lt f small acts can end up making a big difference,” she said.
The last few years have seen an explsin in creative ways t tackle fd waste by linking supermarkets, cafes, restaurants and individual husehlds t lcal cmmunities. Oli, the app used by Wilsn, saw a fivefld increase in listings during 2022, and the signs are that this rapid grwth is cntinuing int 2023, said Tessa Clarke, its CEO and c-funder.
Abut a third f all fd prduced glbally is wasted, accrding t the UN’s Fd and Agriculture Organisatin (FAO). Almst 1.4 billin hectares f land — clse t 30% f the wrld’s agricultural land — is dedicated t prducing fd that is never eaten, and the carbn ftprint f fd wastage makes it the third cntributr f CO2. Reducing fd waste is ne f the mst effective ways f tackling the glbal climate crisis.
Oli, Clarke said, was an attempt t change this n a small, lcal scale. “The app cnnects peple with thers wh have surplus fd but dn’t have anyne t give it t because s many peple are discnnected frm their cmmunities.” Users f Oli pst images f surplus fd that thers in the neighburhd might want. Oli als has a netwrk f 24,000 vlunteers wh cllect surplus fd frm lcal supermarkets and stres fr app users t claim.
Despite the success f the app, it was hard t make a difference t the huge scale f fd waste, Clarke added. “Even thugh we’re ding well, we’ve nly scratched the surface (触及表面). But if everyne makes small changes in the wrld, we’d dramatically reduce the amunt f fd that ends up in bins (垃圾桶).”
19. What des the authr want t shw by telling Wilsn’s stry?
A. Peple tend t use apps t rder fd.B. Peple prefer t make friends n apps.
C. Peple find a high-tech fix t fd waste.D. Peple shw mre cncern fr each ther.
20. What’s the cnsequence f fd waste accrding t the text?
A. Glbal warming.B. Lss f land.C. Wrld hunger.D. Pverty and inequality.
21.What des Oli d t help tackle fd waste?
A. It sells surplus fd t thse in need.B. It allws vlunteers t slay cnnected.
C. It prvides a platfrm fr peple t prmte fd.D. It fills the infrmatin gap between green cmmunities.
22. What des Clarke think f the wrk n reducing fd waste glbally?
A. It is a great success.B. It requires jint effrts.
C. It is beynd human pwer.D. It has wn public supprt.
C
A new survey reviews that mre than 60% f websites and apps intended fr Canadian children may be cllecting persnal infrmatin and passing it n t a third party. The survey was cmpleted by the Glbal Privacy Enfrcement Netwrk, which reviewed 1,494 websites and apps.
Fcusing n trends amng Canadian users, the sweep team reviewed 118 websites and apps targeted directly at children, as well as 54 that are knwn t be ppular with and used by kids. The team’s findings shwed that mre than 50% f Canadian sites cllect persnal infrmatin frm children, including names, addresses, phne numbers and phts, audi r vide. In additin, 62% f sites admitted they may shw that persnal infrmatin t third parties. Anther 62% allwed the user t be redirected t a different site, and nly 28% f the sites and apps invlved any frm f parental cntrl r prtectin.
A member f the team Tbi Chen, utlined a few f the sites that did and did nt live up t the standards f children’s privacy nline. She praised bth Family.ca and Leg.cm fr their message bards that did nt allw users t pst persnal infrmatin, and nted that santasvillage. ca asked users t prvide their full name and email address. Gamezher.cm was als singled ut fr allwing users t display persnal infrmatin, including names, age, sex and lcatins. Pbskids.rg, n the ther hand, was praised fr nly ffering generic, pre-set avatars (头像) and barring users frm uplading persnal phts.
The Office f the Privacy Cmmissiner f Canada refused t release a full list f the websites and apps reviewed. When asked what wuld be dne with results, cmmissiner Daniel Therrien said that cmpanies reviewed in the sweep wuld be kept infrmed f the findings. “It’s ur usual practice after cnducting a sweep t write a number f cmpanies t pint ut the things that we’ve seen, t smetimes ask that things be changed, and n the whle the cmpanies react psitively t these requests.” Therrien added.
In an attempt t help kids better understand why their privacy matters, the Office f the Privacy Cmmissiner f Canada has created a lessn plan fr kids in Grade 7 and 8 that explains the Glbal Privacy Enfrcements Netwrk and has kids cnduct privacy reviews f their wn.
“We knw that cmpanies are nt the nly nes respnsible fr the prtectin f kids’ privacy.” Therrien said. “Parents and teachers bviusly have a rle. We have a rle, particularly in the area f increasing awareness f privacy issues amng the public.”
Matthew Jhnsn, directr f educatin at Media Smarts, said that the sweep’s results were sadly unsurprising. Media Smarts, an Ottawa-based nn-prfit digital literacy utfit intended t imprve media literacy and empwering the yuth t better engage with media, ffers age-apprpriate tips t parents cncerned with keeping their kids safe nline.
Jhnsn explained that in additin t educating themselves n the issue, the best thing parents culd d t prtect children’s privacy nline is t educate kids n the imprtance f the functin f their persnal data. He mentined an initiative by Media Smarts called Privacy Pirates, an nline game that aims t teach kids at the age f seven t nine that all frms f persnal infrmatin shuld be prtected and added that their persnal infrmatin has value and they shuld think twice befre giving it ut.
23. We can cnclude frm the data mentined in Paragraph 2 that ________.
A. parents must be t blame fr letting ut their kids’ privacy
B. the time that children spend n the Internet shuld be limited
C. mre children have realized the imprtance f persnal privacy
D. mre attentin shuld be paid t the prtectin f kids’ privacy
24. What will mst f the cmpanies d when receiving a request frm the sweep team?
A. They will help kids better understand why their privacy matters.
B. They will ask the team never t make their website public.
C. They will ask fr further infrmatin abut the research.
D. They will take sme measures actively in respnse.
25. Daniel Therrien seems t stress in Paragraph 6 that ________.
A. the team shuld develp a gd relatinship with the cmpanies
B. the prtectin f kid’s privacy invlves jint effrts frm adults
C. the public is unaware f their rle in prtecting kids’ privacy
D. the sweep team’s wrk is wrth nthing withut parents’ help
26. Accrding t Jhnsn, parents shuld ________.
A. guide their kids t play nline games
B. get kids t knw the value f their privacy
C. set a gd example t their kids in daily life
D. think twice befre giving persnal infrmatin ut
D
Our green spaces are shrinking, despite all the benefits they give us. If we want t save them, we need t value the ecsystem and health and wellbeing services they ffer.
Sheffield city cuncil’s balance sheet shws its parks as a £16m liability (负担). Traditinal accuntancy methds fcus n a park’s saleable value, r its peratinal csts assciated with maintenance. S England’s 27,000 parks are cnsidered as financial liabilities rather than the amazing asset t ur health and wellbeing that any f their 37 millin regular users culd vuch fr. They als deliver a range f ecsystem services such as imprved air and water quality, fld risk reductin by absrbing water run-ff, and cling the urban envirnment as well as prviding much-needed habitat fr wildlife. By using a “natural capital” accunting apprach that puts a value n all these scial, envirnmental and ecnmic cntributins, Sheffield discvered that fr every £1 spent n its parks, they generate £34 f benefits.
Yet this true value is nt widely measured r recgnised. As Ian Walmsley, Stckprt cuncil’s green space manager tld the Cmmunities and Lcal Gvernment select cmmittee parks inquiry, “an argument has never been successfully made that if yu spend a certain amunt f mney n a park, there will be a saving in the health budget and therefre yu shuld take mney ut f the health budget and put it int parks”. As a result, the MPs inquiry reprt published last week warned that parks are at a tipping pint f decline, threatened by a 92% reductin in their budgets since 2010-11 because f lcal authrity cuts. Less mney means fewer park rangers, less maintenance, mre litter, dg p and antiscial behaviur, including gang and drug-related activities, and gradually much-lved lcal parks turn int dangerus and unappealing areas. Tragically it’s the small, green spaces in prer, built-up areas that suffer disprprtinate cuts t park keepers and maintenance. We have been here befre. Uncared-fr, litter-strewn parks were characteristic f Thatcher’s Britain befre an injectin f public spending by a Labur gvernment and £850m f lttery cash brught them back t life.
But it desn’t have t be this way. Andrew Hinchley, green space develpment fficer at the Lndn Brugh f Camden, tld MPs if we had new ways f valuing the services parks prvide fr imprving water quality, fr example, then yu culd ask water cmpanies t pay twards their upkeep.
The cmmittee wants cuncils t publish strategic plans t recgnise the real value f parks and t set ut hw they will be managed (pssibly by a charitable trust, as Newcastle is lking int) t maximise their cntributin t wider lcal authrity gals such as prmting healthier lifestyles. It suggests the gvernment’s besity strategy culd fund parks. It als suggests that it culd be a legal requirement fr cuncils t prduce such strategies.
27. Accrding t the text, parks are regarded as financial liabilities because ________.
A. the area f the park is gradually decreasing due t pr prtectin
B. the budget fr the cnstructin f the park is gradually decreasing
C. the value f the park is lw by using a “natural capital” accunting apprach
D. the traditinal accuntancy methds fcus n a park’s saleable value
28. Accrding t the text, which f the fllwing is NOT the benefit f the park?
A. Imprving air and water quality.
B. Symblizing the city civilizatin.
C. Cling the urban envirnment.
D. Prviding much-needed habitat fr wildlife.
29. Due t the reductin in budgets, what culd prbably happen?
A. The gvernment will take mney ut f the health budget.
B. The lcal authrities will centralize the management f the park.
C. Much-lved lcal parks will turn int unwelcming places.
D. The true value f the park will be widely measured r recgnised.
30. What can be learned frm the last tw paragraphs?
A.The cmmittee has published strategic plans t recgnise the real value f park.
B. It culd be a legal requirement fr cuncils t prduce such strategies.
C. The lcal citizens shuld pay fr the imprving water quality.
D. The Labur gvernment will spend £850m f lttery cash t revive the park.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多于选项。
Trnades
Trnades are essentially funnels f air rtating as fast as 300 miles per hur. Of curse, nt all trnades are s dangerus. ____31____ Such small trnades ccur in many places arund the wrld, even in suthern Taiwan, where several are usually reprted every spring.
It is, hwever, the big trnades that receive the mst attentin. ____32____ There can be flcks f dead birds drpping ut f the sky, chickens still alive but with all f their feathers gne, pieces f straw stuck in trees. In a 1999 US strm, vilent winds frm ne trnad lifted a church int the air and drpped it nt a huse. In the same strm, a baby was whipped frm its mther’s arms and, miraculusly, fund alive in a nearby tree.
____33____ Althugh scientists nw knw a great deal abut trnades, they still cannt determine exactly when and where ne will frm. In additin, the path f a trnad can als be impssible t predict. It is unlikely t mve in a straight line, and will ften turn quickly. A trnad might blw dwn a line f huses, then suddenly lift up and leave ne hme unhurt, then tuch back dwn and destry the rest f the line.
T better understand trnades, scientists have develped special heavy-duty vehicles and weather-mnitring equipment that allw them t make clse-up bservatins f these dangerus strms. Radar equipment is put n trucks and driven near a trnad, where it recrds wind speeds and ther weather data. ____34____
In additin, better cmmunicatin and warning systems are als helping t reduce deaths and injuries in many trnad-prne areas. Radi and televisin warnings as well as sirens help t alert peple t ptential danger. Public awareness is als imprtant. When trnades d ccur, peple must act quickly. They shuld mve immediately t a safe place such as a basement r under a strng stairway and cver themselves with blankets r heavy cats. ____35____
A. Either big strms r small nes can frm quickly causing damage t sme degree.
B. These bring nt nly death and destructin, but als stries f strange phenmena.
C. Many mre are small strms that frm quickly and disappear, causing little r n damage.
D. A trnad can arrive s unexpectedly that a matter f secnds can mean the difference between life and death.
E. Driving the radar hundreds f miles t chase dwn a trnad is a best jb that can be quite dangerus.
F. What makes trnades s dangerus is nt just their great pwer but als their unpredictable nature.
G. Scientists ften have t drive the radar hundreds f miles t chase dwn a trnad — a jb that can be quite dangerus!
三、选词填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
用方框中词或词组的适当形式完成下列句子，每个词或词组只能用一次(每组有一个多余的选项)。
36. Yu need t __________ them f yur enthusiasm fr the jb.
37. The club gets small as members mve away r __________.
38. He was deeply __________ f yur kindness.
39. She __________ them when they needed her.
40. Last year, bth sides __________ themselves t settling the disagreement peacefully.
用方框中词或词组的适当形式完成下列句子，每个词或词组只能用一次(每组有一个多余的选项)。
41. Peple are cncerned abut the quality f the air they __________.
42. I felt __________ abut nt visiting my parents mre ften.
43. Newspaper editrs all __________ t be first with a stry.
44. As with all diseases, certain grups will be mre __________ than thers.
45. __________ Germany, they als visited Italy and Austria.
四、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据句子意思填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
第一节(共6小题;每小题1分，满分6分)
46. ________ (express) his lve, Chris sent his mm a thank-yu nte n Mther’s Day. （所给词的适当形式填空）
47. Orange trees make great gifts during the Spring Festival and yu’ll see them ________ (decrate) with red envelps and messages f gd frtune. （所给词的适当形式填空）
48. Mr. Smith, it’s a great hnr fr me ________ (invite) t visit yur cmpany. （所给词的适当形式填空）
49. In this library, yu can use yur wn cmputer t cnnect t Wi-Fi specially ________ (prepare) fr readers. （所给词的适当形式填空）
50. As a child, Jack studied in a village schl, __________is named after his grandfather. (用适当的词填空)
51. Mary was pleased t see the seeds that she ________ (plant) in the garden cming ut. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第二节(共4小题;每小题1分，满分4分)
语法填空
This afternn a prly-dressed gentleman ___52___ (cme) int my restaurant. Nbdy knew wh he was. It was ___53___ (surprise) that he finished tw rders f fd in a very limited time. We wndered ___54___ he was s hungry. We als had dubt whether the man was able t pay the bill. The gentleman asked whether we shuld mind waiting fr just a few minutes. After sme time, ___55___ shcked us was that he tk ut f a letter and a millin pund bank-nte.
五、课文默写(共4小题;第56、57题每题2分，第58、59题每题3分，满分10分)
按照课文内容补全空缺部分。
56. He made the chice t give all his mney away and this, he said, brught him _____________.(根据句意填空)
57. Leg pwer can save yur mney, keep yu fit and help yu live lnger. Regular exercise als ______________ 50%! (根据句意填空)
58. If a sixth mass extinctin ccurs, scientists wh have studied the issue believe _____________.(根据句意填空)
59. It bils dwn t this: _____________. Frm a small girl, I wuld stay in at lunch time just t…(根据句意填空)
六、阅读表达(共4小题;第60、61、62题每题2分，第63题每题4分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
In Martin Cunty, Flrida, tw nn-prfit rganizatins have cme tgether t plant seeds f hpe thrugh cmmunity gardening. Recently, the Huse f Hpe charity fr the hmeless and peple with addictins and ther mental health issues partnered with Prject , an rganizatin that helps at-risk teens, t grw cmmunity gardens in fur small twns acrss the cunty.
The teens in Prject ’s prgram — many f them aged 14-19 wh are als struggling with addictins, managing mental health r legal issues — visit the gardens every day after schl where they grw seeds, maintain and water plants, harvest the prduce and learn t create their wn meals. They take sme f the prduce hme t their families but mst is sent t Huse f Hpe fr the hmeless cmmunity.
Beynd the need fr fd, Prject hped the gardens wuld prvide an educatinal pprtunity fr their teens.
“We’re trying t teach kids nutritin t deal with the health prblems — diabetes and besity — in ur cmmunity, but when we get int the garden, nw they’re ding hands-n stuff that really cnnects.” Bb Zacche, the executive directr f Prject tells Guidepsts.rg.
The gardens als ffer the teens prfessinal skills that can help them find wrk later in their largely rural cunty. Beynd skills, this prject has helped the teens find cnfidence and hpe fr their futures.
S far, the fur gardens arund Martin Cunty have generated 100 punds f prduce fr Huse f Hpe and the cmmunity at large. Althugh the amunt f fd can’t meet the greater need f the area, the prgram is an pprtunity t teach kids that the imprtance f giving back is just as valuable as the fd they’re harvesting.
“Yu see a majr shift in the thinking f these kids,” Zacche says. “Yu see them giving. The kids are learning t give at a bigger level than they’ve ever been able t give at befre.”
60. What kind f rganizatin is Prject
__________________________________________________________________________________
61. What d the teens d when they visit the gardens?
__________________________________________________________________________________
62. Apart frm prviding an educatin fr at–risk teens, what else were the fur gardens built t prvide?
__________________________________________________________________________________
63. In additin t what is mentined in the passage, what else culd at-risk teens learn thrugh cmmunity gardening? Explain why. (In abut 40 wrds)
__________________________________________________________________________________
七、书面表达(满分15分)
64. 假如你是红星中学高一学生李华，你校将举办一次环保主题活动。请你写一封邮件，邀请你班交换生 Jim 参加。邮件内容包括：
1. 该活动的目的；
2. 该活动的日程（例如时间、地点、内容等）；
3. 询问对方意向。
注意：1. 100 词左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案
一、完型填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. B 12. A 13. D 14. D 15. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了当作者的弟弟被诊断出自闭症后，作者才意识不应该取笑那些有智障的人，并身体力行的纠正老师和其他学生的问题，并且更加坚定自己的信念。
【1题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当人们耳语时我并没有注意到他可能会感到受伤。A. amazed吃惊的；B. hurt受伤的；C. uncertain不确定的；D. cld冷的。根据上文“I never lked up when my friends were talking and jking abut the retarded (智障的) by a few tables away.”及下文“when peple whispered abut him. S I just let them talk.”可知，人们议论一个智障的孩子，我并没有注意到他可能会受到伤害，所以我就让他们继续说。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我崩溃了，哭了。A. (break) ff突然停止；B. (break) in闯入；C. (break) dwn崩溃；D. (break) away脱离。根据上文“Then came the day when I learned my yunger brther Tm’s testing fr autism (自闭症) came ut psitive (阳性)”和下文“crying”可知，我情绪崩溃了。故选C。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不再是一个正常的小男孩了。A. nrmal正常的；B. nisy吵闹的；C. utstanding杰出的；D. impressive印象深刻的。根据上文“Then came the day when I learned my yunger brther Tm’s testing fr autism (自闭症) came ut psitive (阳性).”可知，我的弟弟得了自闭症，他不再是一个正常的小男孩了。故选A。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不得不搬家，因为汤姆需要治疗。A. change改变；B. mve搬家；C. quit放弃；D. study学习。根据下文“S Tm and I bth started at a new schl.”及“My family mved again.”可知，为了给汤姆治疗，我们搬家了。故选B。
【5题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，我站在公共汽车排队时，一辆“短”公共汽车(为智障人士准备的)来接一些孩子。A. set (up)设置；B. tk (up)占据；C. brught (up)提出；D. picked (up)接人。根据上文“One day, I was standing in the bus line waiting when a “shrt” bus (fr the retarded) came”可知，此处是指有些（智障）孩子等着公交车来接。故选D。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一排的孩子们开始拿那辆公共汽车上的“智障”开玩笑，我心里有一种奇怪的感觉。A. jkes玩笑；B. cmplaints抱怨；C. chices选择；D. discveries发现。根据下文“I said quietly that thse cmments weren’t very nice, but n ne listened.”可知，另一排的孩子们对这些“智障”的孩子们开玩笑，很不友好。固定搭配make jkes“开玩笑”。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在新学校，我很快就有了发言的机会。A. chance机会；B. psitin位置；C. tpic主题；D. pint要点。根据下文“t speak up pretty sn”可知，此处指有了发言的机会。固定搭配get a chance t d sth.“有机会做某事”。故选A。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，在乐队课上，我的老师停止了我们的演奏，对我们说：“……伙计们，我们演奏得就像巴士上的孩子一样！来吧！”A. encuraged鼓励；B. bthered打扰；C. enjyed喜欢；D. stpped停止。根据下文“t make sme cmments, “… Guys, we’re playing like the kids n the shrt bus! Cme n!””可知，此处指师停止了我们的演奏，对我们讲话。固定搭配stp ding sth.“停止/终止做某事”。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：全班都安静下来了。A. sat坐；B. slwed放慢速度；C. quieted安静；D. lked看。根据上文“Then, I raised my hand. I wasn’t sure what I was ging t say but I wanted t be heard.”可知，我举起手，要求发言，所以全班都安静下来。固定搭配quiet dwn“安静下来”。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我能感觉到我的声音越来越大。A. pace步伐；B. vice声音；C. pulse脉搏；D. breath呼吸。根据上文“I felt very bad. Then, I raised my hand. I wasn’t sure what I was ging t say but I wanted t be heard.”可知，当时我很激动，所以声音越来越大。故选B。
【11题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以如果你不取笑他们，我会很感激的。A. excuse原谅；B. appreciate感激；C. stand站；D. permit允许。根据上文“I dn’t think we shuld make fun f the shrt bus, because there are peple n that bus wh have a lt in cmmn with us and have the same feelings as we d”可知，我认为大家不应该取笑他们，所以说“如果你不取笑他们，我会很感激的”。固定句型I wuld appreciate it if yu...“如果你……我将不胜感激”。故选B。
【12题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的老师为这些话道歉，然后又开始唱歌。A. aplgized道歉；B. fught战斗；C. allwed允许；D. argued争论。根据上文“… Guys, we’re playing like the kids n the shrt bus! Cme n!”及常识可知，当时老师说了一些不恰当的话，因此为这些话道歉。固定搭配aplgize fr sth“因为某事而道歉”。故选A。
【13题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我不在乎，因为我知道三件事:我所说的真相。A. understand理解；B. ntice注意；C. return返回；D. care关心。根据上文“At the end f the class, everyne was giving me strange lks. But I didn’t”可知，此处指每个人都用奇怪的眼神看着我，但是我不在乎。故选D。
【14题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是我不在乎，因为我知道三件事：我所说的真相。A. wisdm明智；B. imprtance重要性；C. matter事情；D. truth真相。根据上文“I dn’t think we shuld make fun f the shrt bus, because there are peple n that bus wh have a lt in cmmn with us and have the same feelings as we d.”可知，此处指我所说都是真相。故选D。
【15题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我教会了每个人一些东西，当教室里的每个人都是追随者的时候，我决定走一条不同的路，因为我想成为一个领导者和榜样。A. reprter记者；B. thinker思想家；C. leader领导者；D. trainer教练。根据上文“while everyne in the classrm was being a fllwer”及下文“a rle mdel”可知，教室里的每个人都成了我的追随者，我要成为他们的领导者和榜样。故选C。
二、阅读理解(共两节;满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C
【分析】这是一篇应用文。作者患有多动症，因为注意力不能集中，作者无法上大学。这时作者在网上看到一个培训中心提供的在线课程，于是在家通过网络学习了培训中心的计算机课程，并找到了心仪的工作。作者认为是培训中心的老师给了他希望和自信，于是写了这封信表达感谢。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根 据 第四段“my disease gt wrse. I wanted t g t cllege after high schl, but culdn’t ”可 知，作者的疾病注意力缺陷多动障碍加重了，高中毕业之后想上大学，却不能上。所以为什么塔尼斯高中毕业后没有上大学是因为她很难集中注意力。故选B项。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“I culd wrk alne. 可 知 ，作者不想处理复杂的人际关系，喜欢独自工作。所以至于工作环境，塔尼斯更喜欢独自工作。故选A项。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Thank yu. Yu’ve given me hpe that I can fllw my heart” 可 知，谢谢您。你给了我希望，我可以追随我的心。作者患有多动症，因为注意力不能集中，作者无法上大学。这时作者在网上看到一个培训中心提供的在线课程，于是在家通过网络学习了培训中心的计算机课程，并找到了心仪的工作。作者认为是培训中心的老师给了他希望和自信，于是写了这封信表达感谢。所以判断出作者写信的目的是表达感谢，故选C项。
【名师点睛】细节推断题是推理判断题中比较简单的一类试题，它要求考生根据语篇中具体的内容和信息点，推断出文章中具体的细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。解答此类试题时，一般可根据短文所提供的信息或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。考生只要正确把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，就可作出准确的推断。对于细节推断题来说，根据文章中的关键信息点进行推断是解答此类试题的关键。主观臆断是许多考生做这类题时普遍存在的一个问题。
比如第三题，此题是问写信的目的，那么就要到文中去找细节，很快就可以发现倒数第二段“Thank yu. Yu’ve given me hpe that I can fllw my heart. Fr the first time, I feel gd abut myself”，这句话就表明了此信的目的就是表示感谢，感谢给予了作者希望和自信。
【答案】19. C 20. A 21. D 22. B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款名为Oli的App，该应用程序主要是将有多余食物的人与需要食物的人在社区中联系起来，充分的利用过度生产未被使用的食物，减少浪费。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Wilsn is ne f 3.4 millin peple arund the wrld using an app designed t encurage peple t give away rather than thrw away surplus (剩余的) fd. (威尔逊是全球340万使用该应用程序的人之一，该应用程序旨在鼓励人们放弃而不是扔掉多余的食物。)”可知，威尔逊使用应用程序来捡到一些面包和水果之外，还交了一个新朋友，即通过她的故事展示人们找到了解决食物浪费的高科技方法。故选C。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Almst 1.4 billin hectares f land — clse t 30% f the wrld’s agricultural land — is dedicated t prducing fd that is never eaten, and the carbn ftprint f fd wastage makes it the third cntributr f CO2. Reducing fd waste is ne f the mst effective ways f tackling the glbal climate crisis.( 近14亿公顷土地(接近世界农业用地的30%)用于生产从未食用的食物，而食物浪费的碳足迹使其成为二氧化碳的第三个来源。减少食物浪费是应对全球气候危机最有效的方法之一。)”可知，过度的未食用食物的生产会导致增加碳排放，由此造成全球气候危机即全球变暖。故选A。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The app cnnects peple with thers wh have surplus fd but dn’t have anyne t give it t because s many peple are discnnected frm their cmmunities.( 这款应用程序将人们与其他有多余食物但没有人可以施舍的人联系起来，因为很多人与他们的社区脱节。)”可知，Oli作为一款app其主要是将有多余食物的人与需要食物的人在社区中联系起来，充分的利用过度生产未被使用的食物，减少浪费。由此该应用程序填补了绿色社区之间的信息鸿沟。故选D。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But if everyne makes small changes in the wrld, we’d dramatically reduce the amunt f fd that ends up in bins (但如果每个人都能对这个世界做出小小的改变，我们就能大幅减少垃圾桶里的食物数量。)”可知，Clarke认为减少食物浪费需要每个人的努力付出，即需要共同努力。故选B。
【答案】23. D 24. D 25. B 26. B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的调查显示，超过60%针对加拿大儿童的网站和应用程序可能会收集个人信息并将其传递给第三方，呼应公司和家长要保护孩子的私人信息，并教育孩子们知道自己隐私的重要性。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Fcusing n trends amng Canadian users, the sweep team reviewed 118 websites and apps targeted directly at children, as well as 54 that are knwn t be ppular with and used by kids. The team’s findings shwed that mre than 50% f Canadian sites cllect persnal infrmatin frm children, including names, addresses, phne numbers and phts, audi r vide. In additin, 62% f sites admitted they may shw that persnal infrmatin t third parties. Anther 62% allwed the user t be redirected t a different site, and nly 28% f the sites and apps invlved any frm f parental cntrl r prtectin.(调查团队着眼于加拿大用户的趋势，审查了118个直接针对儿童的网站和应用程序，以及54个已知受儿童欢迎和使用的网站和应用程序。该小组的研究结果显示，超过50%的加拿大网站收集儿童的个人信息，包括姓名、地址、电话号码和照片、音频或视频。此外，62%的网站承认他们可能会向第三方展示个人信息。另有62%允许用户重定向到不同的网站，只有28%的网站和应用程序涉及任何形式的家长控制或保护)”可推知，从第二段提到的数据我们可以得出结论，我们应该更加重视对孩子隐私的保护。故选D。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It’s ur usual practice after cnducting a sweep t write a number f cmpanies t pint ut the things that we’ve seen, t smetimes ask that things be changed, and n the whle the cmpanies react psitively t these requests.(我们通常的做法是，在进行全面调查后，给一些公司写信，指出我们所看到的情况，有时要求他们做出改变，总的来说，这些公司对这些要求做出了积极的反应)”可知，大多数公司在收到清查小组的请求时都会采取一些积极的措施来回应。故选D。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段““We knw that cmpanies are nt the nly nes respnsible fr the prtectin f kids’ privacy.” Therrien said. “Parents and teachers bviusly have a rle. We have a rle, particularly in the area f increasing awareness f privacy issues amng the public.”(“我们知道，公司并不是唯一负责保护儿童隐私的人。”Therrien说。“家长和老师显然有责任。我们有责任，特别是在提高公众对隐私问题的认识方面。”)”可推知，Daniel Therrien似乎在第6段中强调，保护儿童隐私需要成年人的共同努力。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Jhnsn explained that in additin t educating themselves n the issue, the best thing parents culd d t prtect children’s privacy nline is t educate kids n the imprtance f the functin f their persnal data.(约翰逊解释说，除了在这个问题上自我教育外，父母保护孩子在线隐私的最好办法就是教育孩子了解他们个人数据功能的重要性)”可知，约翰逊认为父母应该让孩子知道他们隐私的价值。故选B。
【答案】27. D 28. B 29. C 30. B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了为什么我们要认识和承认公园的真正价值。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Traditinal accuntancy methds fcus n a park’s saleable value, r its peratinal csts assciated with maintenance. S England’s 27,000 parks are cnsidered as financial liabilities rather than the amazing asset t ur health and wellbeing that any f their 37 millin regular users culd vuch fr.(传统的会计方法侧重于公园的可销售价值，或与维护相关的运营成本。因此，英国的2.7万个公园被视为金融负债，而不是3700万公园常客中任何一个人都可以保证的健康和福祉的惊人资产)”可知，由于传统的会计方法侧重于公园的可销售价值，因此公园被视为金融负债。故选D。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They als deliver a range f ecsystem services such as imprved air and water quality, fld risk reductin by absrbing water run-ff, and cling the urban envirnment as well as prviding much-needed habitat fr wildlife.(它们还提供一系列生态系统服务，如改善空气和水质，通过吸收径流减少洪水风险，为城市环境降温，并为野生动物提供急需的栖息地)”可知，象征城市文明不是公园的好处。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As a result, the MPs inquiry reprt published last week warned that parks are at a tipping pint f decline, threatened by a 92% reductin in their budgets since 2010-11 because f lcal authrity cuts. Less mney means fewer park rangers, less maintenance, mre litter, dg p and antiscial behaviur, including gang and drug-related activities, and gradually much-lved lcal parks turn int dangerus and unappealing areas.(因此，上周发表的国会议员调查报告警告说，由于地方政府的削减，自2010-11年以来，公园的预算减少了92%，公园正处于衰退的临界点。更少的钱意味着更少的公园管理员，更少的维护，更多的垃圾，狗屎和反社会行为，包括帮派和毒品相关的活动，逐渐地，深受喜爱的当地公园变成了危险和无吸引力的地方)”可知，由于预算的减少，备受喜爱的当地公园将变成不受欢迎的地方。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Andrew Hinchley, green space develpment fficer at the Lndn Brugh f Camden, tld MPs if we had new ways f valuing the services parks prvide fr imprving water quality, fr example, then yu culd ask water cmpanies t pay twards their upkeep.(Andrew Hinchley是伦敦卡姆登区的绿色空间发展官员，他告诉国会议员，如果我们有新的方法来评估公园为改善水质所提供的服务，那么你可以要求水务公司支付他们的维护费用)”和最后一段中的“It suggests the gvernment’s besity strategy culd fund parks. It als suggests that it culd be a legal requirement fr cuncils t prduce such strategies.(它建议政府的肥胖策略可以为公园提供资金。它还表明，议会制定这样的战略可能是一项法律要求)”可推知，委员会制定这样的策略可能是一项法律要求。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
【答案】31. C 32. B 33. D 34. G 35. F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了龙卷风的形成及其特点等相关信息。
【31题详解】
根据下文“Such small trnades ccur in many places arund the wrld, even in suthern Taiwan, where several are usually reprted every spring.(这种小型龙卷风在世界上许多地方都有发生，甚至在台湾南部，每年春天都会有几个龙卷风)”可知，此处应该提到了一些小型龙卷风。由此可知，C. Many mre are small strms that frm quickly and disappear, causing little r n damage.(更多的是迅速形成并消失的小风暴，造成很少或没有损害)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选C。
【32题详解】
根据上文“It is, hwever, the big trnades that receive the mst attentin.(然而，最受关注的是大型龙卷风)”及下文“There can be flcks f dead birds drpping ut f the sky, chickens still alive but with all f their feathers gne, pieces f straw stuck in trees.(可能会有成群的死鸟从天上掉下来，鸡还活着，但羽毛都掉光了，稻草片卡在树上)”和常识可知，大型龙卷风会造成死亡和破坏，从而备受关注，还会造成一些奇怪的现象。由此可知，B. These bring nt nly death and destructin, but als stries f strange phenmena.(这些不仅带来了死亡和破坏，还带来了奇怪现象的故事)能够承上启下，符合语境，下文“成群的死鸟从天上掉下来，鸡还活着，但羽毛都掉光了，稻草片卡在树上”就是一些奇怪的现象。故选B。
【33题详解】
根据下文“Althugh scientists nw knw a great deal abut trnades, they still cannt determine exactly when and where ne will frm. In additin, the path f a trnad can als be impssible t predict.(尽管科学家们现在对龙卷风了解很多，但他们仍然不能确定龙卷风形成的确切时间和地点。此外，龙卷风的路径也可能无法预测)”可知，人们仍然不能确定龙卷风形成的确切时间和地点，龙卷风的路径也可能无法预测，所以龙卷风的到来是出人意料的。由此可知，D. A trnad can arrive s unexpectedly that a matter f secnds can mean the difference between life and death.(龙卷风的到来非常出人意料，几秒钟的时间就意味着生与死的差别)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选D。
【34题详解】
根据上文“T better understand trnades, scientists have develped special heavy-duty vehicles and weather-mnitring equipment that allw them t make clse-up bservatins f these dangerus strms. Radar equipment is put n trucks and driven near a trnad, where it recrds wind speeds and ther weather data. (为了更好地了解龙卷风，科学家们开发了特殊的重型车辆和天气监测设备，使他们能够近距离观察这些危险的风暴。雷达设备装在卡车上，在龙卷风附近行驶，在那里记录风速和其他天气数据)”可知，科学家们驾驶带有雷达设备的卡车，追踪龙卷风、记录数据。由此可知，G. Scientists ften have t drive the radar hundreds f miles t chase dwn a trnad — a jb that can be quite dangerus!(科学家们经常不得不驾驶雷达数百英里去追踪龙卷风——这是一项相当危险的工作！)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选G。
【35题详解】
根据上文“In additin, better cmmunicatin and warning systems are als helping t reduce deaths and injuries in many trnad-prne areas. Radi and televisin warnings as well as sirens help t alert peple t ptential danger. Public awareness is als imprtant. When trnades d ccur, peple must act quickly. They shuld mve immediately t a safe place such as a basement r under a strng stairway and cver themselves with blankets r heavy cats.(此外，更好的通信和预警系统也有助于减少许多龙卷风易发地区的伤亡。广播和电视警报以及警笛有助于提醒人们注意潜在的危险。公众意识也很重要。当龙卷风发生时，人们必须迅速采取行动。他们应该立即转移到安全的地方，如地下室或坚固的楼梯下，并用毯子或厚外套盖住自己)”可知，上文讲到了对龙卷风预防和防范；由此推知，此处是对上文采取措施的原因陈述，也是对全文的总结。由此可知，F. What makes trnades s dangerus is nt just their great pwer but als their unpredictable nature.(龙卷风之所以如此危险，不仅是因为它的威力巨大，还因为它的不可预测性)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选F。
三、选词填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
【答案】36. cnvince
37. drp ut
38. appreciative
39. turned her back n
40. cmmitted
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意：你需要让他们相信你对这份工作的热情。根据句意可知，此处表示“使相信”，应用动词cnvince，固定搭配need t d sth.“需要做某事”。故填cnvince。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：随着会员的离开或退出，俱乐部的规模变得越来越小。根据句意可知，此处表示“退出”，应用动词短语drp ut，与mve away是并列谓语动词，应用原形。故填drp ut。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他对你的好意深表感激。根据句意可知，此处表示“感激的”，应用形容词appreciative，作表语。故填appreciative。
【39题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：在他们需要她的时候，她却抛弃了他们。根据句意可知，此处表示“抛弃”，应用动词短语turn ne’s back n，由when they needed her可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填turned her back n。
【40题详解】
考查动词。句意：去年，双方都承诺和平解决分歧。根据句意可知，此处表示“承诺”，应用动词cmmit，由Last year可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填cmmitted。
【答案】41. breathe
42. guilty 43. strive
44. at risk
45. Apart frm
【41题详解】
考查动词。句意：人们关心他们呼吸的空气的质量。根据空前the air及常识可知，此处指呼吸的空气，应用动词breathe，句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时，主语they，breathe用原形。故填breathe。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我对没有经常看望父母感到内疚。根据句意可知，此处表示“内疚的”，应用形容词guilty，作表语。故填guilty。
【43题详解】
考查动词。句意：报纸编辑们都努力在新闻报道上抢第一。根据句意可知，此处表示“努力”，应用动词strive，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是复数，strive用原形。故填strive。
【44题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：与所有疾病一样，某些群体将比其他群体面临更大的风险。根据句意可知，此处表示“处于危险之中”，应用介词短语at risk，作表语。故填at risk。
【45题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：除德国外，他们还访问了意大利和奥地利。根据句意可知，此处表示“除了”，应用介词短语apart frm，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Apart frm。
四、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据句子意思填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
第一节(共6小题;每小题1分，满分6分)
46. 【答案】T express
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了表达自己的爱意，Chris在母亲节那天给母亲发了一封感谢信。分析句子可知，空白所在句作主句的目的状语，且express这一动作与主句主语之间是主谓关系，应使用不定式的一般式。故填T express。
47. 【答案】decrated
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：橘子树在春节期间是很好的礼物，你会看到它们被红包和蕴含好运的留言装点着。分析句子结构可知，and前后连接两个句子，在and后面的句子句中，主语是yu(你)，谓语是will see(将看到)，them是宾语，指代range trees(橘子树)，“_____(decrate) with red envelps and messages f gd frtune.”做宾语补足语，补充说明them，且decrate与them二者构成被动关系，所以此处应用过去分词形式，故填decrated。
48. 【答案】t be invited
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：史密斯先生，我能受邀来参观您的公司实在是莫大的荣幸。这里符合形式主语的句型it is+形容词+（fr sb.）+t d sth.意为“（对于某人）做某事是……的”，结合句意，不定式中要表达“（我）被邀请”，应使用不定式的被动式t be+过去分词。故填t be invited。
49. 【答案】prepared
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：在这个图书馆，你可以使用自己的电脑连接到专门为读者准备的Wi-Fi。be prepared fr“为做准备”，本句为过去分词式的形容词作后置定语。故填prepared。
50. 【答案】which
【详解】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：小时候，杰克在一所以他祖父的名字命名的乡村学校上学。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词schl并在从句中作主语，故填which。
51.【答案】had planted
【详解】考查时态。句意：玛丽很高兴看到她在花园里种的种子正在生长。定语从句缺乏谓语，从句谓语动词plant这个动作表达的是在“was pleased t see”这个过去动作或时间点之前发生的动作，简单地说就是“过去的过去”发生的事情，用过去完成时。故填had planted。
第二节(共4小题;每小题1分，满分4分)
【答案】52. came
53. surprising
54. why 55. what
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了在作者的餐厅发生的一件难以置信的事情。
【52题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：今天下午，一位衣衫褴褛的绅士来到我的餐厅。根据语境可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填came。
【53题详解】
考查形容词。句意：令人惊讶的是，他在很短的时间内吃完了两份食物。此处描述一件令人惊讶的事情，应用-ing结尾形容词surprising“令人吃惊的”。故填surprising。
【54题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：我们不知道他为什么这么饿。此处引导宾语从句，连接词作原因状语，应用连接副词why“为什么”。故填why。
【55题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：过了一段时间，令我们震惊的是他拿出了一封信和一张一百万英镑的钞票。此处引导主语从句，连接词在从句中作主语，表示“令我们震惊的事情”，应用连词代词what。故填what。
五、课文默写(共4小题;第56、57题每题2分，第58、59题每题3分，满分10分)
按照课文内容补全空缺部分。
56. 【答案】happiness
【详解】考查名词。句意：他决定把所有的钱都捐出去，他说，这给他带来了幸福。根据句意可知，此处表示“幸福”，应用名词happiness，不可名词，作宾语。故填happiness。
57. 【答案】cuts the risk f heart disease
【详解】考查动词及名词短语。句意：腿部力量可以节省你的钱，让你保持健康，让你活得更长。有规律的运动还能将患心脏病的风险降低50%！根据前面的句子可知，此处讨论运动的好处，结合空后的50%可推知，“将患心脏病的风险降低50%”符合题意，“降低”使用动词cut，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，“患心脏病的风险”译为名词短语the risk f heart disease。故填cuts the risk f heart disease。
58. 【答案】that up t three quarters f all species n Earth culd die ut
【详解】考查宾语从句及分数。句意：研究这个问题的科学家们认为，如果发生第六次物种大灭绝，地球上多达四分之三的物种可能会灭绝。根据句意可知，设空处意为“地球上多达四分之三的物种可能会灭绝”，可以处理为that引导的宾语从句，“多达四分之三的”译为up t three quarters f，“地球上的物种”可译为all species n Earth，“会灭绝”译为culd die ut。故填that up t three quarters f all species n Earth culd die ut。
59. 【答案】I was brn with an enrmus amunt f drive and determinatin
【详解】考查名词、形容词和陈述句。句意：归结起来就是：我生来就有巨大的动力和决心。从一个小女孩的时候开始，我会在午餐时间呆在家里，只是为了……。根据下文中的“Frm a small girl, I wuld stay in at lunch time just t…”并结合课文内容可知，此处应表示“我生来就有巨大的动力和决心”，句子时态用一般过去时，“天生”用短语be brn with，“巨大的动力和决心”是an enrmus amunt f drive and determinatin，整句应为I was brn with an enrmus amunt f drive and determinatin。故填I was brn with an enrmus amunt f drive and determinatin.
六、阅读表达(共4小题;第60、61、62题每题2分，第63题每题4分，满分10分)
【答案】60. An rganizatin that helps at-risk teens.
61. They grw seeds, maintain and water plants, harvest the prduce and learn t create their wn meals.
62. The gardens help them find wrk in rural areas and find cnfidence and hpe fr the future.
63. They can learn t cperate with each ther better and als learn t give back the lve they have received during gardening and als pass that energy and lve t thers wh need help.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了弗洛里达州马丁县的两个非营利组织联合起来，帮助了无数无家可归的、有毒瘾和其他精神健康问题的人。
【60题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Recently, the Huse f Hpe charity fr the hmeless and peple with addictins and ther mental health issues partnered with Prject , an rganizatin that helps at-risk teens, t grw cmmunity gardens in fur small twns acrss the cunty.(最近，针对无家可归者、有毒瘾和其他精神健康问题的人的慈善机构“希望之家”与帮助高危青少年的组织“项目”合作，在全县的四个小镇种植社区花园)”可知，Prject 是一个帮助高危青少年的组织。故答案为An rganizatin that helps at-risk teens。
【61题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The teens in Prject ’s prgram — many f them aged 14-19 wh are als struggling with addictins, managing mental health r legal issues — visit the gardens every day after schl where they grw seeds, maintain and water plants, harvest the prduce and learn t create their wn meals.(参加L.I. F.T计划的青少年——其中许多年龄在14-19岁之间，他们也在与毒瘾作斗争，处理心理健康或法律问题——每天放学后都会去花园，在那里他们种种子，维护和浇灌植物，收获农产品，并学习自己做饭)”可知，他们在花园里会种种子，维护和浇灌植物，收获农产品，并学习自己做饭。故答案为They grw seeds, maintain and water plants, harvest the prduce and learn t create their wn meals。
【62题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段“The gardens als ffer the teens prfessinal skills that can help them find wrk later in their largely rural cunty. Beynd skills, this prject has helped the teens find cnfidence and hpe fr their futures.(菜园还为青少年提供了专业技能，帮助他们以后在农村地区找到工作。除了技能之外，这个项目还帮助青少年找到了对未来的信心和希望)”可知，菜园帮助他们以后在农村地区找到工作，找到了对未来的信心和希望。故答案为The gardens help them find wrk in rural areas and find cnfidence and hpe fr the future。
【63题详解】
开放性问题。答案符合逻辑即可，注意字数。例如：他们可以学会更好地相互合作，也学会回报他们在园艺过程中得到的爱，并将这种能量和爱传递给需要帮助的人。故答案为They can learn t cperate with each ther better and als learn t give back the lve they have received during gardening and als pass that energy and lve t thers wh need help。
七、书面表达(满分15分)
64. 【答案】Pssible Versin 1
Dear Jim,
Hw have yu been recently? As the Wrld Envirnmental Day is cming, an educatinal activity aiming t raise ur awareness f envirnment prtectin will be held in ur schl. I believe yu will be interested in it.
Let me tell yu mre abut the arrangement. On the mrning f June 5th, a prfessr will give a lecture at 9:00 in the central hall, thrugh which we can get mre knwledge in this field. Then in the afternn, an exhibitin f sme wrld-famus artwrks n prtecting the earth will be held in the Students’ Activity Center.
What d yu think f this activity? Wuld yu like t cme and jin us? I’m lking frward t yur participatin.
Yurs,
Li Hua
Pssible Versin 2
Dear Jim,
Hw have yu been recently? As the Wrld Envirnmental Day is arund the crner, a series f eye-pening and educatinal activities will be held in ur schl with the theme f making peace with nature. Since yu’re cncerned abut the envirnmental issues, I believe it will be f great interest t yu.
The aim f the activity is t raise ur awareness f envirnment prtectin and call fr students t put in their effrts t make the wrld a better place t live in. After all, small changes can bring abut a big difference.
Let me tell yu mre abut the specific arrangement. On the mrning f June 5th, a prfessr will give a lecture at 9:00 in the central hall n the significance f living a lw-carbn life. Nt nly can we btain sme prfessinal knwledge in this field, we can als get sme practical tips such as ways f saving water, paper and electricity at schl. Then in the afternn, an art exhibitin named REIMAGINERECOVERRESTORE will be held in the Students’ Activity Center. Yu can’t miss the wnderful presentatin abut sme internatinal award-winning paintings and sculptures. They depict the damage nature has suffered and the effrts t reverse it. What’s mre, craftwrk made with recycled materials by ur schlmates will als be n display.
What d yu think f this activity after my intrductin? Wuld yu like t cme and jin us? I’m lking frward t yur participatin and yu are bund t lve it.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国笔友 Peter写一封邮件，邀请他参加你校即将举办的一次环保主题活动。
【详解】（Pssible Versin 1）
词汇积累
意识：awareness→cnsciusness
安排：arrangement→plan
展览：exhibitin→display
期待：lk frward t→anticipate
句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：As the Wrld Envirnmental Day is cming, an educatinal activity aiming t raise ur awareness f envirnment prtectin will be held in ur schl.
拓展句：As the Wrld Envirnmental Day is cming, an educatinal activity which aims t raise ur awareness f envirnment prtectin will be held in ur schl.
【点睛】[高分句型1] As the Wrld Envirnmental Day is cming, an educatinal activity aiming t raise ur awareness f envirnment prtectin will be held in ur schl. (运用了现在分词作后置定语)
[高分句型2] On the mrning f June 5th, a prfessr will give a lecture at 9:00 in the central hall, thrugh which we can get mre knwledge in this field. (运用了介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句)
appreciate cmmit cnvince ambitius drp ut turn ne’s back n
guilt strive sacrifice breath apart frm at risk
说明：
本试卷共12页，115分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
一、完型填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Speaking Up
I never lked up when my friends were talking and jking abut the retarded (智障的) by a few tables away. It didn’t even crss my mind that he might feel ___1___ when peple whispered abut him. S I just let them talk.
Then came the day when I learned my yunger brther Tm’s testing fr autism (自闭症) came ut psitive (阳性). I had never thught abut him like that. I brke ___2___, crying. Everything had just changed. He was n lnger a(n) ___3___ little by.
Over time, I was able t accept his illness a little mre. We had t ___4___ because Tm needed treatment. S Tm and I bth started at a new schl. One day, I was standing in the bus line waiting when a “shrt” bus (fr the retarded) came and ___5___ sme kids up. The children in the ther line started making ___6___ abut the “retarded” n that bus and I felt a strange feeling in my heart. I said quietly that thse cmments weren’t very nice, but n ne listened.
My family mved again. In the new schl I gt a ___7___ t speak up pretty sn. That day, in a band class, my teacher ___8___ ur playing t make sme cmments, “… Guys, we’re playing like the kids n the shrt bus! Cme n!”
The entire rm was laughing ludly. I felt very bad. Then, I raised my hand. I wasn’t sure what I was ging t say but I wanted t be heard.
The whle class ___9___ dwn. My muth pened and this came ut: “I dn’t think we shuld make fun f the shrt bus, because there are peple n that bus wh have a lt in cmmn with us and have the same feelings as we d.” I culd feel my ____10____ getting luder. “S I wuld ____11____ it if yu didn’t make fun f them.”
The rm was very quiet and everyne stared at me. My teacher ____12____ fr the wrds and then started the sng again. At the end f the class, everyne was giving me strange lks. But I didn’t ____13____, because I knew three things: I had spken the ____14____. I had taught everyne smething, and while everyne in the classrm was being a fllwer, I had decided t take a different path since I wanted t becme a ____15____ and a rle mdel.
1. A. amazedB. hurtC. uncertainD. cld
2. A. ffB. inC. dwnD. away
3. A. nrmalB. nisyC. utstandingD. impressive
4. A. changeB. mveC. quitD. study
5. A. setB. tkC. brughtD. picked
6. A. jkesB. cmplaintsC. chicesD. discveries
7. A. chanceB. psitinC. tpicD. pint
8. A. encuragedB. btheredC. enjyedD. stpped
9. A. satB. slwedC. quietedD. lked
10. A. paceB. viceC. pulseD. breath
11. A. excuseB. appreciateC. standD. permit
12. A. aplgizedB. fughtC. allwedD. argued
13. A. understandB. nticeC. returnD. care
14. A. wisdmB. imprtanceC. matterD. truth
15. A. reprterB. thinkerC. leaderD. trainer
二、阅读理解(共两节;满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
December 15, 2014
Dear Alfred，
I want t tell yu hw imprtant yur help is t my life.
Grwing up, I had peple telling me I was t slw, thugh, with an IQ f 150+ at 17, I’m anything but stupid. The fact was that I was fund t have ADHD(注意力缺陷多动障碍). Anxius all the time, I was unable t keep fcused fr mre than an hur at a time.
Hwever, when smething did interest me, I culd becme absrbed. In high schl, I became curius abut the cmputer, and built my first website. Mrever, I cmpleted the senir curse f Cmputer Basics, plus five relevant pre-cllege curses.
While I was explring my curisity, my disease gt wrse. I wanted t g t cllege after high schl, but culdn’t . S, I was killing my time at hme until June 2012 when I discvered the nline cmputer curses f yur training center.
Since then, I have taken curses like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics. Currently, I’m learning yur Prbability curse. I have hundreds f printer paper, cvered in self-written ntes frm yur vide. This has given me a purpse.
Last year, I spent all my time lking fr a jb where, withut dealing with the public , I culd wrk alne, but still have a team t talk t. Luckily, I discvered the jb—Data Analyst—this mnth and have been ging full steam ahead. I want t prve that I can teach myself a respectful prfessin, withut ging t cllege, and be just as gd as, if nt better than, my cmpetitrs.
Thank yu. Yu’ve given me hpe that I can fllw my heart. Fr the first time, I feel gd abut myself because I’m ding smething, nt because smene tld me I was ding gd. I feel whle.
This is why yu’re saving my life.
Yurs,
Tanis
16. why did’t Tanis g t cllege after high schl?
A. She had learned enugh abut cmputer science
B. She had mre difficulty keeping fcused
C. She preferred taking nline curses
D. She was t slw t learn
17. As fr the wrking envirnment, Tains prefers____.
A. wrking by herself
B. dealing with the public
C. cmpeting against thers
D. staying with ADHD students
18. Tanis wrte this letter in rder t_____.
A. explain why she was interested in the cmputer
B. share the ideas she had fr her prfessin
C. shw hw grateful she was t the center
D. describe the curses she had taken s far
B
There is such a thing as a free lunch, it turns ut, as lng as yu dn’t mind t much what it is. Tamara Wilsn fund hers a few streets away frm her west Lndn hme — and as well as picking up sme unwanted bread and fruit that wuld therwise be thrwn away, she made a new friend.
Wilsn is ne f 3.4 millin peple arund the wrld using an app designed t encurage peple t give away rather than thrw away surplus (剩余的) fd. “It’s such a small thing, but it makes me feel gd and my neighbur feel gd. And a lt f small acts can end up making a big difference,” she said.
The last few years have seen an explsin in creative ways t tackle fd waste by linking supermarkets, cafes, restaurants and individual husehlds t lcal cmmunities. Oli, the app used by Wilsn, saw a fivefld increase in listings during 2022, and the signs are that this rapid grwth is cntinuing int 2023, said Tessa Clarke, its CEO and c-funder.
Abut a third f all fd prduced glbally is wasted, accrding t the UN’s Fd and Agriculture Organisatin (FAO). Almst 1.4 billin hectares f land — clse t 30% f the wrld’s agricultural land — is dedicated t prducing fd that is never eaten, and the carbn ftprint f fd wastage makes it the third cntributr f CO2. Reducing fd waste is ne f the mst effective ways f tackling the glbal climate crisis.
Oli, Clarke said, was an attempt t change this n a small, lcal scale. “The app cnnects peple with thers wh have surplus fd but dn’t have anyne t give it t because s many peple are discnnected frm their cmmunities.” Users f Oli pst images f surplus fd that thers in the neighburhd might want. Oli als has a netwrk f 24,000 vlunteers wh cllect surplus fd frm lcal supermarkets and stres fr app users t claim.
Despite the success f the app, it was hard t make a difference t the huge scale f fd waste, Clarke added. “Even thugh we’re ding well, we’ve nly scratched the surface (触及表面). But if everyne makes small changes in the wrld, we’d dramatically reduce the amunt f fd that ends up in bins (垃圾桶).”
19. What des the authr want t shw by telling Wilsn’s stry?
A. Peple tend t use apps t rder fd.B. Peple prefer t make friends n apps.
C. Peple find a high-tech fix t fd waste.D. Peple shw mre cncern fr each ther.
20. What’s the cnsequence f fd waste accrding t the text?
A. Glbal warming.B. Lss f land.C. Wrld hunger.D. Pverty and inequality.
21.What des Oli d t help tackle fd waste?
A. It sells surplus fd t thse in need.B. It allws vlunteers t slay cnnected.
C. It prvides a platfrm fr peple t prmte fd.D. It fills the infrmatin gap between green cmmunities.
22. What des Clarke think f the wrk n reducing fd waste glbally?
A. It is a great success.B. It requires jint effrts.
C. It is beynd human pwer.D. It has wn public supprt.
C
A new survey reviews that mre than 60% f websites and apps intended fr Canadian children may be cllecting persnal infrmatin and passing it n t a third party. The survey was cmpleted by the Glbal Privacy Enfrcement Netwrk, which reviewed 1,494 websites and apps.
Fcusing n trends amng Canadian users, the sweep team reviewed 118 websites and apps targeted directly at children, as well as 54 that are knwn t be ppular with and used by kids. The team’s findings shwed that mre than 50% f Canadian sites cllect persnal infrmatin frm children, including names, addresses, phne numbers and phts, audi r vide. In additin, 62% f sites admitted they may shw that persnal infrmatin t third parties. Anther 62% allwed the user t be redirected t a different site, and nly 28% f the sites and apps invlved any frm f parental cntrl r prtectin.
A member f the team Tbi Chen, utlined a few f the sites that did and did nt live up t the standards f children’s privacy nline. She praised bth Family.ca and Leg.cm fr their message bards that did nt allw users t pst persnal infrmatin, and nted that santasvillage. ca asked users t prvide their full name and email address. Gamezher.cm was als singled ut fr allwing users t display persnal infrmatin, including names, age, sex and lcatins. Pbskids.rg, n the ther hand, was praised fr nly ffering generic, pre-set avatars (头像) and barring users frm uplading persnal phts.
The Office f the Privacy Cmmissiner f Canada refused t release a full list f the websites and apps reviewed. When asked what wuld be dne with results, cmmissiner Daniel Therrien said that cmpanies reviewed in the sweep wuld be kept infrmed f the findings. “It’s ur usual practice after cnducting a sweep t write a number f cmpanies t pint ut the things that we’ve seen, t smetimes ask that things be changed, and n the whle the cmpanies react psitively t these requests.” Therrien added.
In an attempt t help kids better understand why their privacy matters, the Office f the Privacy Cmmissiner f Canada has created a lessn plan fr kids in Grade 7 and 8 that explains the Glbal Privacy Enfrcements Netwrk and has kids cnduct privacy reviews f their wn.
“We knw that cmpanies are nt the nly nes respnsible fr the prtectin f kids’ privacy.” Therrien said. “Parents and teachers bviusly have a rle. We have a rle, particularly in the area f increasing awareness f privacy issues amng the public.”
Matthew Jhnsn, directr f educatin at Media Smarts, said that the sweep’s results were sadly unsurprising. Media Smarts, an Ottawa-based nn-prfit digital literacy utfit intended t imprve media literacy and empwering the yuth t better engage with media, ffers age-apprpriate tips t parents cncerned with keeping their kids safe nline.
Jhnsn explained that in additin t educating themselves n the issue, the best thing parents culd d t prtect children’s privacy nline is t educate kids n the imprtance f the functin f their persnal data. He mentined an initiative by Media Smarts called Privacy Pirates, an nline game that aims t teach kids at the age f seven t nine that all frms f persnal infrmatin shuld be prtected and added that their persnal infrmatin has value and they shuld think twice befre giving it ut.
23. We can cnclude frm the data mentined in Paragraph 2 that ________.
A. parents must be t blame fr letting ut their kids’ privacy
B. the time that children spend n the Internet shuld be limited
C. mre children have realized the imprtance f persnal privacy
D. mre attentin shuld be paid t the prtectin f kids’ privacy
24. What will mst f the cmpanies d when receiving a request frm the sweep team?
A. They will help kids better understand why their privacy matters.
B. They will ask the team never t make their website public.
C. They will ask fr further infrmatin abut the research.
D. They will take sme measures actively in respnse.
25. Daniel Therrien seems t stress in Paragraph 6 that ________.
A. the team shuld develp a gd relatinship with the cmpanies
B. the prtectin f kid’s privacy invlves jint effrts frm adults
C. the public is unaware f their rle in prtecting kids’ privacy
D. the sweep team’s wrk is wrth nthing withut parents’ help
26. Accrding t Jhnsn, parents shuld ________.
A. guide their kids t play nline games
B. get kids t knw the value f their privacy
C. set a gd example t their kids in daily life
D. think twice befre giving persnal infrmatin ut
D
Our green spaces are shrinking, despite all the benefits they give us. If we want t save them, we need t value the ecsystem and health and wellbeing services they ffer.
Sheffield city cuncil’s balance sheet shws its parks as a £16m liability (负担). Traditinal accuntancy methds fcus n a park’s saleable value, r its peratinal csts assciated with maintenance. S England’s 27,000 parks are cnsidered as financial liabilities rather than the amazing asset t ur health and wellbeing that any f their 37 millin regular users culd vuch fr. They als deliver a range f ecsystem services such as imprved air and water quality, fld risk reductin by absrbing water run-ff, and cling the urban envirnment as well as prviding much-needed habitat fr wildlife. By using a “natural capital” accunting apprach that puts a value n all these scial, envirnmental and ecnmic cntributins, Sheffield discvered that fr every £1 spent n its parks, they generate £34 f benefits.
Yet this true value is nt widely measured r recgnised. As Ian Walmsley, Stckprt cuncil’s green space manager tld the Cmmunities and Lcal Gvernment select cmmittee parks inquiry, “an argument has never been successfully made that if yu spend a certain amunt f mney n a park, there will be a saving in the health budget and therefre yu shuld take mney ut f the health budget and put it int parks”. As a result, the MPs inquiry reprt published last week warned that parks are at a tipping pint f decline, threatened by a 92% reductin in their budgets since 2010-11 because f lcal authrity cuts. Less mney means fewer park rangers, less maintenance, mre litter, dg p and antiscial behaviur, including gang and drug-related activities, and gradually much-lved lcal parks turn int dangerus and unappealing areas. Tragically it’s the small, green spaces in prer, built-up areas that suffer disprprtinate cuts t park keepers and maintenance. We have been here befre. Uncared-fr, litter-strewn parks were characteristic f Thatcher’s Britain befre an injectin f public spending by a Labur gvernment and £850m f lttery cash brught them back t life.
But it desn’t have t be this way. Andrew Hinchley, green space develpment fficer at the Lndn Brugh f Camden, tld MPs if we had new ways f valuing the services parks prvide fr imprving water quality, fr example, then yu culd ask water cmpanies t pay twards their upkeep.
The cmmittee wants cuncils t publish strategic plans t recgnise the real value f parks and t set ut hw they will be managed (pssibly by a charitable trust, as Newcastle is lking int) t maximise their cntributin t wider lcal authrity gals such as prmting healthier lifestyles. It suggests the gvernment’s besity strategy culd fund parks. It als suggests that it culd be a legal requirement fr cuncils t prduce such strategies.
27. Accrding t the text, parks are regarded as financial liabilities because ________.
A. the area f the park is gradually decreasing due t pr prtectin
B. the budget fr the cnstructin f the park is gradually decreasing
C. the value f the park is lw by using a “natural capital” accunting apprach
D. the traditinal accuntancy methds fcus n a park’s saleable value
28. Accrding t the text, which f the fllwing is NOT the benefit f the park?
A. Imprving air and water quality.
B. Symblizing the city civilizatin.
C. Cling the urban envirnment.
D. Prviding much-needed habitat fr wildlife.
29. Due t the reductin in budgets, what culd prbably happen?
A. The gvernment will take mney ut f the health budget.
B. The lcal authrities will centralize the management f the park.
C. Much-lved lcal parks will turn int unwelcming places.
D. The true value f the park will be widely measured r recgnised.
30. What can be learned frm the last tw paragraphs?
A.The cmmittee has published strategic plans t recgnise the real value f park.
B. It culd be a legal requirement fr cuncils t prduce such strategies.
C. The lcal citizens shuld pay fr the imprving water quality.
D. The Labur gvernment will spend £850m f lttery cash t revive the park.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多于选项。
Trnades
Trnades are essentially funnels f air rtating as fast as 300 miles per hur. Of curse, nt all trnades are s dangerus. ____31____ Such small trnades ccur in many places arund the wrld, even in suthern Taiwan, where several are usually reprted every spring.
It is, hwever, the big trnades that receive the mst attentin. ____32____ There can be flcks f dead birds drpping ut f the sky, chickens still alive but with all f their feathers gne, pieces f straw stuck in trees. In a 1999 US strm, vilent winds frm ne trnad lifted a church int the air and drpped it nt a huse. In the same strm, a baby was whipped frm its mther’s arms and, miraculusly, fund alive in a nearby tree.
____33____ Althugh scientists nw knw a great deal abut trnades, they still cannt determine exactly when and where ne will frm. In additin, the path f a trnad can als be impssible t predict. It is unlikely t mve in a straight line, and will ften turn quickly. A trnad might blw dwn a line f huses, then suddenly lift up and leave ne hme unhurt, then tuch back dwn and destry the rest f the line.
T better understand trnades, scientists have develped special heavy-duty vehicles and weather-mnitring equipment that allw them t make clse-up bservatins f these dangerus strms. Radar equipment is put n trucks and driven near a trnad, where it recrds wind speeds and ther weather data. ____34____
In additin, better cmmunicatin and warning systems are als helping t reduce deaths and injuries in many trnad-prne areas. Radi and televisin warnings as well as sirens help t alert peple t ptential danger. Public awareness is als imprtant. When trnades d ccur, peple must act quickly. They shuld mve immediately t a safe place such as a basement r under a strng stairway and cver themselves with blankets r heavy cats. ____35____
A. Either big strms r small nes can frm quickly causing damage t sme degree.
B. These bring nt nly death and destructin, but als stries f strange phenmena.
C. Many mre are small strms that frm quickly and disappear, causing little r n damage.
D. A trnad can arrive s unexpectedly that a matter f secnds can mean the difference between life and death.
E. Driving the radar hundreds f miles t chase dwn a trnad is a best jb that can be quite dangerus.
F. What makes trnades s dangerus is nt just their great pwer but als their unpredictable nature.
G. Scientists ften have t drive the radar hundreds f miles t chase dwn a trnad — a jb that can be quite dangerus!
三、选词填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
用方框中词或词组的适当形式完成下列句子，每个词或词组只能用一次(每组有一个多余的选项)。
36. Yu need t __________ them f yur enthusiasm fr the jb.
37. The club gets small as members mve away r __________.
38. He was deeply __________ f yur kindness.
39. She __________ them when they needed her.
40. Last year, bth sides __________ themselves t settling the disagreement peacefully.
用方框中词或词组的适当形式完成下列句子，每个词或词组只能用一次(每组有一个多余的选项)。
41. Peple are cncerned abut the quality f the air they __________.
42. I felt __________ abut nt visiting my parents mre ften.
43. Newspaper editrs all __________ t be first with a stry.
44. As with all diseases, certain grups will be mre __________ than thers.
45. __________ Germany, they als visited Italy and Austria.
四、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据句子意思填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
第一节(共6小题;每小题1分，满分6分)
46. ________ (express) his lve, Chris sent his mm a thank-yu nte n Mther’s Day. （所给词的适当形式填空）
47. Orange trees make great gifts during the Spring Festival and yu’ll see them ________ (decrate) with red envelps and messages f gd frtune. （所给词的适当形式填空）
48. Mr. Smith, it’s a great hnr fr me ________ (invite) t visit yur cmpany. （所给词的适当形式填空）
49. In this library, yu can use yur wn cmputer t cnnect t Wi-Fi specially ________ (prepare) fr readers. （所给词的适当形式填空）
50. As a child, Jack studied in a village schl, __________is named after his grandfather. (用适当的词填空)
51. Mary was pleased t see the seeds that she ________ (plant) in the garden cming ut. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第二节(共4小题;每小题1分，满分4分)
语法填空
This afternn a prly-dressed gentleman ___52___ (cme) int my restaurant. Nbdy knew wh he was. It was ___53___ (surprise) that he finished tw rders f fd in a very limited time. We wndered ___54___ he was s hungry. We als had dubt whether the man was able t pay the bill. The gentleman asked whether we shuld mind waiting fr just a few minutes. After sme time, ___55___ shcked us was that he tk ut f a letter and a millin pund bank-nte.
五、课文默写(共4小题;第56、57题每题2分，第58、59题每题3分，满分10分)
按照课文内容补全空缺部分。
56. He made the chice t give all his mney away and this, he said, brught him _____________.(根据句意填空)
57. Leg pwer can save yur mney, keep yu fit and help yu live lnger. Regular exercise als ______________ 50%! (根据句意填空)
58. If a sixth mass extinctin ccurs, scientists wh have studied the issue believe _____________.(根据句意填空)
59. It bils dwn t this: _____________. Frm a small girl, I wuld stay in at lunch time just t…(根据句意填空)
六、阅读表达(共4小题;第60、61、62题每题2分，第63题每题4分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
In Martin Cunty, Flrida, tw nn-prfit rganizatins have cme tgether t plant seeds f hpe thrugh cmmunity gardening. Recently, the Huse f Hpe charity fr the hmeless and peple with addictins and ther mental health issues partnered with Prject , an rganizatin that helps at-risk teens, t grw cmmunity gardens in fur small twns acrss the cunty.
The teens in Prject ’s prgram — many f them aged 14-19 wh are als struggling with addictins, managing mental health r legal issues — visit the gardens every day after schl where they grw seeds, maintain and water plants, harvest the prduce and learn t create their wn meals. They take sme f the prduce hme t their families but mst is sent t Huse f Hpe fr the hmeless cmmunity.
Beynd the need fr fd, Prject hped the gardens wuld prvide an educatinal pprtunity fr their teens.
“We’re trying t teach kids nutritin t deal with the health prblems — diabetes and besity — in ur cmmunity, but when we get int the garden, nw they’re ding hands-n stuff that really cnnects.” Bb Zacche, the executive directr f Prject tells Guidepsts.rg.
The gardens als ffer the teens prfessinal skills that can help them find wrk later in their largely rural cunty. Beynd skills, this prject has helped the teens find cnfidence and hpe fr their futures.
S far, the fur gardens arund Martin Cunty have generated 100 punds f prduce fr Huse f Hpe and the cmmunity at large. Althugh the amunt f fd can’t meet the greater need f the area, the prgram is an pprtunity t teach kids that the imprtance f giving back is just as valuable as the fd they’re harvesting.
“Yu see a majr shift in the thinking f these kids,” Zacche says. “Yu see them giving. The kids are learning t give at a bigger level than they’ve ever been able t give at befre.”
60. What kind f rganizatin is Prject
__________________________________________________________________________________
61. What d the teens d when they visit the gardens?
__________________________________________________________________________________
62. Apart frm prviding an educatin fr at–risk teens, what else were the fur gardens built t prvide?
__________________________________________________________________________________
63. In additin t what is mentined in the passage, what else culd at-risk teens learn thrugh cmmunity gardening? Explain why. (In abut 40 wrds)
__________________________________________________________________________________
七、书面表达(满分15分)
64. 假如你是红星中学高一学生李华，你校将举办一次环保主题活动。请你写一封邮件，邀请你班交换生 Jim 参加。邮件内容包括：
1. 该活动的目的；
2. 该活动的日程（例如时间、地点、内容等）；
3. 询问对方意向。
注意：1. 100 词左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案
一、完型填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. B 12. A 13. D 14. D 15. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了当作者的弟弟被诊断出自闭症后，作者才意识不应该取笑那些有智障的人，并身体力行的纠正老师和其他学生的问题，并且更加坚定自己的信念。
【1题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当人们耳语时我并没有注意到他可能会感到受伤。A. amazed吃惊的；B. hurt受伤的；C. uncertain不确定的；D. cld冷的。根据上文“I never lked up when my friends were talking and jking abut the retarded (智障的) by a few tables away.”及下文“when peple whispered abut him. S I just let them talk.”可知，人们议论一个智障的孩子，我并没有注意到他可能会受到伤害，所以我就让他们继续说。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我崩溃了，哭了。A. (break) ff突然停止；B. (break) in闯入；C. (break) dwn崩溃；D. (break) away脱离。根据上文“Then came the day when I learned my yunger brther Tm’s testing fr autism (自闭症) came ut psitive (阳性)”和下文“crying”可知，我情绪崩溃了。故选C。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不再是一个正常的小男孩了。A. nrmal正常的；B. nisy吵闹的；C. utstanding杰出的；D. impressive印象深刻的。根据上文“Then came the day when I learned my yunger brther Tm’s testing fr autism (自闭症) came ut psitive (阳性).”可知，我的弟弟得了自闭症，他不再是一个正常的小男孩了。故选A。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不得不搬家，因为汤姆需要治疗。A. change改变；B. mve搬家；C. quit放弃；D. study学习。根据下文“S Tm and I bth started at a new schl.”及“My family mved again.”可知，为了给汤姆治疗，我们搬家了。故选B。
【5题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，我站在公共汽车排队时，一辆“短”公共汽车(为智障人士准备的)来接一些孩子。A. set (up)设置；B. tk (up)占据；C. brught (up)提出；D. picked (up)接人。根据上文“One day, I was standing in the bus line waiting when a “shrt” bus (fr the retarded) came”可知，此处是指有些（智障）孩子等着公交车来接。故选D。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一排的孩子们开始拿那辆公共汽车上的“智障”开玩笑，我心里有一种奇怪的感觉。A. jkes玩笑；B. cmplaints抱怨；C. chices选择；D. discveries发现。根据下文“I said quietly that thse cmments weren’t very nice, but n ne listened.”可知，另一排的孩子们对这些“智障”的孩子们开玩笑，很不友好。固定搭配make jkes“开玩笑”。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在新学校，我很快就有了发言的机会。A. chance机会；B. psitin位置；C. tpic主题；D. pint要点。根据下文“t speak up pretty sn”可知，此处指有了发言的机会。固定搭配get a chance t d sth.“有机会做某事”。故选A。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，在乐队课上，我的老师停止了我们的演奏，对我们说：“……伙计们，我们演奏得就像巴士上的孩子一样！来吧！”A. encuraged鼓励；B. bthered打扰；C. enjyed喜欢；D. stpped停止。根据下文“t make sme cmments, “… Guys, we’re playing like the kids n the shrt bus! Cme n!””可知，此处指师停止了我们的演奏，对我们讲话。固定搭配stp ding sth.“停止/终止做某事”。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：全班都安静下来了。A. sat坐；B. slwed放慢速度；C. quieted安静；D. lked看。根据上文“Then, I raised my hand. I wasn’t sure what I was ging t say but I wanted t be heard.”可知，我举起手，要求发言，所以全班都安静下来。固定搭配quiet dwn“安静下来”。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我能感觉到我的声音越来越大。A. pace步伐；B. vice声音；C. pulse脉搏；D. breath呼吸。根据上文“I felt very bad. Then, I raised my hand. I wasn’t sure what I was ging t say but I wanted t be heard.”可知，当时我很激动，所以声音越来越大。故选B。
【11题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以如果你不取笑他们，我会很感激的。A. excuse原谅；B. appreciate感激；C. stand站；D. permit允许。根据上文“I dn’t think we shuld make fun f the shrt bus, because there are peple n that bus wh have a lt in cmmn with us and have the same feelings as we d”可知，我认为大家不应该取笑他们，所以说“如果你不取笑他们，我会很感激的”。固定句型I wuld appreciate it if yu...“如果你……我将不胜感激”。故选B。
【12题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的老师为这些话道歉，然后又开始唱歌。A. aplgized道歉；B. fught战斗；C. allwed允许；D. argued争论。根据上文“… Guys, we’re playing like the kids n the shrt bus! Cme n!”及常识可知，当时老师说了一些不恰当的话，因此为这些话道歉。固定搭配aplgize fr sth“因为某事而道歉”。故选A。
【13题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我不在乎，因为我知道三件事:我所说的真相。A. understand理解；B. ntice注意；C. return返回；D. care关心。根据上文“At the end f the class, everyne was giving me strange lks. But I didn’t”可知，此处指每个人都用奇怪的眼神看着我，但是我不在乎。故选D。
【14题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是我不在乎，因为我知道三件事：我所说的真相。A. wisdm明智；B. imprtance重要性；C. matter事情；D. truth真相。根据上文“I dn’t think we shuld make fun f the shrt bus, because there are peple n that bus wh have a lt in cmmn with us and have the same feelings as we d.”可知，此处指我所说都是真相。故选D。
【15题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我教会了每个人一些东西，当教室里的每个人都是追随者的时候，我决定走一条不同的路，因为我想成为一个领导者和榜样。A. reprter记者；B. thinker思想家；C. leader领导者；D. trainer教练。根据上文“while everyne in the classrm was being a fllwer”及下文“a rle mdel”可知，教室里的每个人都成了我的追随者，我要成为他们的领导者和榜样。故选C。
二、阅读理解(共两节;满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C
【分析】这是一篇应用文。作者患有多动症，因为注意力不能集中，作者无法上大学。这时作者在网上看到一个培训中心提供的在线课程，于是在家通过网络学习了培训中心的计算机课程，并找到了心仪的工作。作者认为是培训中心的老师给了他希望和自信，于是写了这封信表达感谢。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根 据 第四段“my disease gt wrse. I wanted t g t cllege after high schl, but culdn’t ”可 知，作者的疾病注意力缺陷多动障碍加重了，高中毕业之后想上大学，却不能上。所以为什么塔尼斯高中毕业后没有上大学是因为她很难集中注意力。故选B项。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“I culd wrk alne. 可 知 ，作者不想处理复杂的人际关系，喜欢独自工作。所以至于工作环境，塔尼斯更喜欢独自工作。故选A项。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Thank yu. Yu’ve given me hpe that I can fllw my heart” 可 知，谢谢您。你给了我希望，我可以追随我的心。作者患有多动症，因为注意力不能集中，作者无法上大学。这时作者在网上看到一个培训中心提供的在线课程，于是在家通过网络学习了培训中心的计算机课程，并找到了心仪的工作。作者认为是培训中心的老师给了他希望和自信，于是写了这封信表达感谢。所以判断出作者写信的目的是表达感谢，故选C项。
【名师点睛】细节推断题是推理判断题中比较简单的一类试题，它要求考生根据语篇中具体的内容和信息点，推断出文章中具体的细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。解答此类试题时，一般可根据短文所提供的信息或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。考生只要正确把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，就可作出准确的推断。对于细节推断题来说，根据文章中的关键信息点进行推断是解答此类试题的关键。主观臆断是许多考生做这类题时普遍存在的一个问题。
比如第三题，此题是问写信的目的，那么就要到文中去找细节，很快就可以发现倒数第二段“Thank yu. Yu’ve given me hpe that I can fllw my heart. Fr the first time, I feel gd abut myself”，这句话就表明了此信的目的就是表示感谢，感谢给予了作者希望和自信。
【答案】19. C 20. A 21. D 22. B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款名为Oli的App，该应用程序主要是将有多余食物的人与需要食物的人在社区中联系起来，充分的利用过度生产未被使用的食物，减少浪费。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Wilsn is ne f 3.4 millin peple arund the wrld using an app designed t encurage peple t give away rather than thrw away surplus (剩余的) fd. (威尔逊是全球340万使用该应用程序的人之一，该应用程序旨在鼓励人们放弃而不是扔掉多余的食物。)”可知，威尔逊使用应用程序来捡到一些面包和水果之外，还交了一个新朋友，即通过她的故事展示人们找到了解决食物浪费的高科技方法。故选C。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Almst 1.4 billin hectares f land — clse t 30% f the wrld’s agricultural land — is dedicated t prducing fd that is never eaten, and the carbn ftprint f fd wastage makes it the third cntributr f CO2. Reducing fd waste is ne f the mst effective ways f tackling the glbal climate crisis.( 近14亿公顷土地(接近世界农业用地的30%)用于生产从未食用的食物，而食物浪费的碳足迹使其成为二氧化碳的第三个来源。减少食物浪费是应对全球气候危机最有效的方法之一。)”可知，过度的未食用食物的生产会导致增加碳排放，由此造成全球气候危机即全球变暖。故选A。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The app cnnects peple with thers wh have surplus fd but dn’t have anyne t give it t because s many peple are discnnected frm their cmmunities.( 这款应用程序将人们与其他有多余食物但没有人可以施舍的人联系起来，因为很多人与他们的社区脱节。)”可知，Oli作为一款app其主要是将有多余食物的人与需要食物的人在社区中联系起来，充分的利用过度生产未被使用的食物，减少浪费。由此该应用程序填补了绿色社区之间的信息鸿沟。故选D。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But if everyne makes small changes in the wrld, we’d dramatically reduce the amunt f fd that ends up in bins (但如果每个人都能对这个世界做出小小的改变，我们就能大幅减少垃圾桶里的食物数量。)”可知，Clarke认为减少食物浪费需要每个人的努力付出，即需要共同努力。故选B。
【答案】23. D 24. D 25. B 26. B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的调查显示，超过60%针对加拿大儿童的网站和应用程序可能会收集个人信息并将其传递给第三方，呼应公司和家长要保护孩子的私人信息，并教育孩子们知道自己隐私的重要性。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Fcusing n trends amng Canadian users, the sweep team reviewed 118 websites and apps targeted directly at children, as well as 54 that are knwn t be ppular with and used by kids. The team’s findings shwed that mre than 50% f Canadian sites cllect persnal infrmatin frm children, including names, addresses, phne numbers and phts, audi r vide. In additin, 62% f sites admitted they may shw that persnal infrmatin t third parties. Anther 62% allwed the user t be redirected t a different site, and nly 28% f the sites and apps invlved any frm f parental cntrl r prtectin.(调查团队着眼于加拿大用户的趋势，审查了118个直接针对儿童的网站和应用程序，以及54个已知受儿童欢迎和使用的网站和应用程序。该小组的研究结果显示，超过50%的加拿大网站收集儿童的个人信息，包括姓名、地址、电话号码和照片、音频或视频。此外，62%的网站承认他们可能会向第三方展示个人信息。另有62%允许用户重定向到不同的网站，只有28%的网站和应用程序涉及任何形式的家长控制或保护)”可推知，从第二段提到的数据我们可以得出结论，我们应该更加重视对孩子隐私的保护。故选D。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It’s ur usual practice after cnducting a sweep t write a number f cmpanies t pint ut the things that we’ve seen, t smetimes ask that things be changed, and n the whle the cmpanies react psitively t these requests.(我们通常的做法是，在进行全面调查后，给一些公司写信，指出我们所看到的情况，有时要求他们做出改变，总的来说，这些公司对这些要求做出了积极的反应)”可知，大多数公司在收到清查小组的请求时都会采取一些积极的措施来回应。故选D。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段““We knw that cmpanies are nt the nly nes respnsible fr the prtectin f kids’ privacy.” Therrien said. “Parents and teachers bviusly have a rle. We have a rle, particularly in the area f increasing awareness f privacy issues amng the public.”(“我们知道，公司并不是唯一负责保护儿童隐私的人。”Therrien说。“家长和老师显然有责任。我们有责任，特别是在提高公众对隐私问题的认识方面。”)”可推知，Daniel Therrien似乎在第6段中强调，保护儿童隐私需要成年人的共同努力。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Jhnsn explained that in additin t educating themselves n the issue, the best thing parents culd d t prtect children’s privacy nline is t educate kids n the imprtance f the functin f their persnal data.(约翰逊解释说，除了在这个问题上自我教育外，父母保护孩子在线隐私的最好办法就是教育孩子了解他们个人数据功能的重要性)”可知，约翰逊认为父母应该让孩子知道他们隐私的价值。故选B。
【答案】27. D 28. B 29. C 30. B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了为什么我们要认识和承认公园的真正价值。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Traditinal accuntancy methds fcus n a park’s saleable value, r its peratinal csts assciated with maintenance. S England’s 27,000 parks are cnsidered as financial liabilities rather than the amazing asset t ur health and wellbeing that any f their 37 millin regular users culd vuch fr.(传统的会计方法侧重于公园的可销售价值，或与维护相关的运营成本。因此，英国的2.7万个公园被视为金融负债，而不是3700万公园常客中任何一个人都可以保证的健康和福祉的惊人资产)”可知，由于传统的会计方法侧重于公园的可销售价值，因此公园被视为金融负债。故选D。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They als deliver a range f ecsystem services such as imprved air and water quality, fld risk reductin by absrbing water run-ff, and cling the urban envirnment as well as prviding much-needed habitat fr wildlife.(它们还提供一系列生态系统服务，如改善空气和水质，通过吸收径流减少洪水风险，为城市环境降温，并为野生动物提供急需的栖息地)”可知，象征城市文明不是公园的好处。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As a result, the MPs inquiry reprt published last week warned that parks are at a tipping pint f decline, threatened by a 92% reductin in their budgets since 2010-11 because f lcal authrity cuts. Less mney means fewer park rangers, less maintenance, mre litter, dg p and antiscial behaviur, including gang and drug-related activities, and gradually much-lved lcal parks turn int dangerus and unappealing areas.(因此，上周发表的国会议员调查报告警告说，由于地方政府的削减，自2010-11年以来，公园的预算减少了92%，公园正处于衰退的临界点。更少的钱意味着更少的公园管理员，更少的维护，更多的垃圾，狗屎和反社会行为，包括帮派和毒品相关的活动，逐渐地，深受喜爱的当地公园变成了危险和无吸引力的地方)”可知，由于预算的减少，备受喜爱的当地公园将变成不受欢迎的地方。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Andrew Hinchley, green space develpment fficer at the Lndn Brugh f Camden, tld MPs if we had new ways f valuing the services parks prvide fr imprving water quality, fr example, then yu culd ask water cmpanies t pay twards their upkeep.(Andrew Hinchley是伦敦卡姆登区的绿色空间发展官员，他告诉国会议员，如果我们有新的方法来评估公园为改善水质所提供的服务，那么你可以要求水务公司支付他们的维护费用)”和最后一段中的“It suggests the gvernment’s besity strategy culd fund parks. It als suggests that it culd be a legal requirement fr cuncils t prduce such strategies.(它建议政府的肥胖策略可以为公园提供资金。它还表明，议会制定这样的战略可能是一项法律要求)”可推知，委员会制定这样的策略可能是一项法律要求。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
【答案】31. C 32. B 33. D 34. G 35. F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了龙卷风的形成及其特点等相关信息。
【31题详解】
根据下文“Such small trnades ccur in many places arund the wrld, even in suthern Taiwan, where several are usually reprted every spring.(这种小型龙卷风在世界上许多地方都有发生，甚至在台湾南部，每年春天都会有几个龙卷风)”可知，此处应该提到了一些小型龙卷风。由此可知，C. Many mre are small strms that frm quickly and disappear, causing little r n damage.(更多的是迅速形成并消失的小风暴，造成很少或没有损害)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选C。
【32题详解】
根据上文“It is, hwever, the big trnades that receive the mst attentin.(然而，最受关注的是大型龙卷风)”及下文“There can be flcks f dead birds drpping ut f the sky, chickens still alive but with all f their feathers gne, pieces f straw stuck in trees.(可能会有成群的死鸟从天上掉下来，鸡还活着，但羽毛都掉光了，稻草片卡在树上)”和常识可知，大型龙卷风会造成死亡和破坏，从而备受关注，还会造成一些奇怪的现象。由此可知，B. These bring nt nly death and destructin, but als stries f strange phenmena.(这些不仅带来了死亡和破坏，还带来了奇怪现象的故事)能够承上启下，符合语境，下文“成群的死鸟从天上掉下来，鸡还活着，但羽毛都掉光了，稻草片卡在树上”就是一些奇怪的现象。故选B。
【33题详解】
根据下文“Althugh scientists nw knw a great deal abut trnades, they still cannt determine exactly when and where ne will frm. In additin, the path f a trnad can als be impssible t predict.(尽管科学家们现在对龙卷风了解很多，但他们仍然不能确定龙卷风形成的确切时间和地点。此外，龙卷风的路径也可能无法预测)”可知，人们仍然不能确定龙卷风形成的确切时间和地点，龙卷风的路径也可能无法预测，所以龙卷风的到来是出人意料的。由此可知，D. A trnad can arrive s unexpectedly that a matter f secnds can mean the difference between life and death.(龙卷风的到来非常出人意料，几秒钟的时间就意味着生与死的差别)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选D。
【34题详解】
根据上文“T better understand trnades, scientists have develped special heavy-duty vehicles and weather-mnitring equipment that allw them t make clse-up bservatins f these dangerus strms. Radar equipment is put n trucks and driven near a trnad, where it recrds wind speeds and ther weather data. (为了更好地了解龙卷风，科学家们开发了特殊的重型车辆和天气监测设备，使他们能够近距离观察这些危险的风暴。雷达设备装在卡车上，在龙卷风附近行驶，在那里记录风速和其他天气数据)”可知，科学家们驾驶带有雷达设备的卡车，追踪龙卷风、记录数据。由此可知，G. Scientists ften have t drive the radar hundreds f miles t chase dwn a trnad — a jb that can be quite dangerus!(科学家们经常不得不驾驶雷达数百英里去追踪龙卷风——这是一项相当危险的工作！)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选G。
【35题详解】
根据上文“In additin, better cmmunicatin and warning systems are als helping t reduce deaths and injuries in many trnad-prne areas. Radi and televisin warnings as well as sirens help t alert peple t ptential danger. Public awareness is als imprtant. When trnades d ccur, peple must act quickly. They shuld mve immediately t a safe place such as a basement r under a strng stairway and cver themselves with blankets r heavy cats.(此外，更好的通信和预警系统也有助于减少许多龙卷风易发地区的伤亡。广播和电视警报以及警笛有助于提醒人们注意潜在的危险。公众意识也很重要。当龙卷风发生时，人们必须迅速采取行动。他们应该立即转移到安全的地方，如地下室或坚固的楼梯下，并用毯子或厚外套盖住自己)”可知，上文讲到了对龙卷风预防和防范；由此推知，此处是对上文采取措施的原因陈述，也是对全文的总结。由此可知，F. What makes trnades s dangerus is nt just their great pwer but als their unpredictable nature.(龙卷风之所以如此危险，不仅是因为它的威力巨大，还因为它的不可预测性)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选F。
三、选词填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
【答案】36. cnvince
37. drp ut
38. appreciative
39. turned her back n
40. cmmitted
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意：你需要让他们相信你对这份工作的热情。根据句意可知，此处表示“使相信”，应用动词cnvince，固定搭配need t d sth.“需要做某事”。故填cnvince。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：随着会员的离开或退出，俱乐部的规模变得越来越小。根据句意可知，此处表示“退出”，应用动词短语drp ut，与mve away是并列谓语动词，应用原形。故填drp ut。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他对你的好意深表感激。根据句意可知，此处表示“感激的”，应用形容词appreciative，作表语。故填appreciative。
【39题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：在他们需要她的时候，她却抛弃了他们。根据句意可知，此处表示“抛弃”，应用动词短语turn ne’s back n，由when they needed her可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填turned her back n。
【40题详解】
考查动词。句意：去年，双方都承诺和平解决分歧。根据句意可知，此处表示“承诺”，应用动词cmmit，由Last year可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填cmmitted。
【答案】41. breathe
42. guilty 43. strive
44. at risk
45. Apart frm
【41题详解】
考查动词。句意：人们关心他们呼吸的空气的质量。根据空前the air及常识可知，此处指呼吸的空气，应用动词breathe，句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时，主语they，breathe用原形。故填breathe。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我对没有经常看望父母感到内疚。根据句意可知，此处表示“内疚的”，应用形容词guilty，作表语。故填guilty。
【43题详解】
考查动词。句意：报纸编辑们都努力在新闻报道上抢第一。根据句意可知，此处表示“努力”，应用动词strive，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是复数，strive用原形。故填strive。
【44题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：与所有疾病一样，某些群体将比其他群体面临更大的风险。根据句意可知，此处表示“处于危险之中”，应用介词短语at risk，作表语。故填at risk。
【45题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：除德国外，他们还访问了意大利和奥地利。根据句意可知，此处表示“除了”，应用介词短语apart frm，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Apart frm。
四、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据句子意思填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
第一节(共6小题;每小题1分，满分6分)
46. 【答案】T express
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了表达自己的爱意，Chris在母亲节那天给母亲发了一封感谢信。分析句子可知，空白所在句作主句的目的状语，且express这一动作与主句主语之间是主谓关系，应使用不定式的一般式。故填T express。
47. 【答案】decrated
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：橘子树在春节期间是很好的礼物，你会看到它们被红包和蕴含好运的留言装点着。分析句子结构可知，and前后连接两个句子，在and后面的句子句中，主语是yu(你)，谓语是will see(将看到)，them是宾语，指代range trees(橘子树)，“_____(decrate) with red envelps and messages f gd frtune.”做宾语补足语，补充说明them，且decrate与them二者构成被动关系，所以此处应用过去分词形式，故填decrated。
48. 【答案】t be invited
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：史密斯先生，我能受邀来参观您的公司实在是莫大的荣幸。这里符合形式主语的句型it is+形容词+（fr sb.）+t d sth.意为“（对于某人）做某事是……的”，结合句意，不定式中要表达“（我）被邀请”，应使用不定式的被动式t be+过去分词。故填t be invited。
49. 【答案】prepared
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：在这个图书馆，你可以使用自己的电脑连接到专门为读者准备的Wi-Fi。be prepared fr“为做准备”，本句为过去分词式的形容词作后置定语。故填prepared。
50. 【答案】which
【详解】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：小时候，杰克在一所以他祖父的名字命名的乡村学校上学。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词schl并在从句中作主语，故填which。
51.【答案】had planted
【详解】考查时态。句意：玛丽很高兴看到她在花园里种的种子正在生长。定语从句缺乏谓语，从句谓语动词plant这个动作表达的是在“was pleased t see”这个过去动作或时间点之前发生的动作，简单地说就是“过去的过去”发生的事情，用过去完成时。故填had planted。
第二节(共4小题;每小题1分，满分4分)
【答案】52. came
53. surprising
54. why 55. what
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了在作者的餐厅发生的一件难以置信的事情。
【52题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：今天下午，一位衣衫褴褛的绅士来到我的餐厅。根据语境可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填came。
【53题详解】
考查形容词。句意：令人惊讶的是，他在很短的时间内吃完了两份食物。此处描述一件令人惊讶的事情，应用-ing结尾形容词surprising“令人吃惊的”。故填surprising。
【54题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：我们不知道他为什么这么饿。此处引导宾语从句，连接词作原因状语，应用连接副词why“为什么”。故填why。
【55题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：过了一段时间，令我们震惊的是他拿出了一封信和一张一百万英镑的钞票。此处引导主语从句，连接词在从句中作主语，表示“令我们震惊的事情”，应用连词代词what。故填what。
五、课文默写(共4小题;第56、57题每题2分，第58、59题每题3分，满分10分)
按照课文内容补全空缺部分。
56. 【答案】happiness
【详解】考查名词。句意：他决定把所有的钱都捐出去，他说，这给他带来了幸福。根据句意可知，此处表示“幸福”，应用名词happiness，不可名词，作宾语。故填happiness。
57. 【答案】cuts the risk f heart disease
【详解】考查动词及名词短语。句意：腿部力量可以节省你的钱，让你保持健康，让你活得更长。有规律的运动还能将患心脏病的风险降低50%！根据前面的句子可知，此处讨论运动的好处，结合空后的50%可推知，“将患心脏病的风险降低50%”符合题意，“降低”使用动词cut，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，“患心脏病的风险”译为名词短语the risk f heart disease。故填cuts the risk f heart disease。
58. 【答案】that up t three quarters f all species n Earth culd die ut
【详解】考查宾语从句及分数。句意：研究这个问题的科学家们认为，如果发生第六次物种大灭绝，地球上多达四分之三的物种可能会灭绝。根据句意可知，设空处意为“地球上多达四分之三的物种可能会灭绝”，可以处理为that引导的宾语从句，“多达四分之三的”译为up t three quarters f，“地球上的物种”可译为all species n Earth，“会灭绝”译为culd die ut。故填that up t three quarters f all species n Earth culd die ut。
59. 【答案】I was brn with an enrmus amunt f drive and determinatin
【详解】考查名词、形容词和陈述句。句意：归结起来就是：我生来就有巨大的动力和决心。从一个小女孩的时候开始，我会在午餐时间呆在家里，只是为了……。根据下文中的“Frm a small girl, I wuld stay in at lunch time just t…”并结合课文内容可知，此处应表示“我生来就有巨大的动力和决心”，句子时态用一般过去时，“天生”用短语be brn with，“巨大的动力和决心”是an enrmus amunt f drive and determinatin，整句应为I was brn with an enrmus amunt f drive and determinatin。故填I was brn with an enrmus amunt f drive and determinatin.
六、阅读表达(共4小题;第60、61、62题每题2分，第63题每题4分，满分10分)
【答案】60. An rganizatin that helps at-risk teens.
61. They grw seeds, maintain and water plants, harvest the prduce and learn t create their wn meals.
62. The gardens help them find wrk in rural areas and find cnfidence and hpe fr the future.
63. They can learn t cperate with each ther better and als learn t give back the lve they have received during gardening and als pass that energy and lve t thers wh need help.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了弗洛里达州马丁县的两个非营利组织联合起来，帮助了无数无家可归的、有毒瘾和其他精神健康问题的人。
【60题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Recently, the Huse f Hpe charity fr the hmeless and peple with addictins and ther mental health issues partnered with Prject , an rganizatin that helps at-risk teens, t grw cmmunity gardens in fur small twns acrss the cunty.(最近，针对无家可归者、有毒瘾和其他精神健康问题的人的慈善机构“希望之家”与帮助高危青少年的组织“项目”合作，在全县的四个小镇种植社区花园)”可知，Prject 是一个帮助高危青少年的组织。故答案为An rganizatin that helps at-risk teens。
【61题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The teens in Prject ’s prgram — many f them aged 14-19 wh are als struggling with addictins, managing mental health r legal issues — visit the gardens every day after schl where they grw seeds, maintain and water plants, harvest the prduce and learn t create their wn meals.(参加L.I. F.T计划的青少年——其中许多年龄在14-19岁之间，他们也在与毒瘾作斗争，处理心理健康或法律问题——每天放学后都会去花园，在那里他们种种子，维护和浇灌植物，收获农产品，并学习自己做饭)”可知，他们在花园里会种种子，维护和浇灌植物，收获农产品，并学习自己做饭。故答案为They grw seeds, maintain and water plants, harvest the prduce and learn t create their wn meals。
【62题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段“The gardens als ffer the teens prfessinal skills that can help them find wrk later in their largely rural cunty. Beynd skills, this prject has helped the teens find cnfidence and hpe fr their futures.(菜园还为青少年提供了专业技能，帮助他们以后在农村地区找到工作。除了技能之外，这个项目还帮助青少年找到了对未来的信心和希望)”可知，菜园帮助他们以后在农村地区找到工作，找到了对未来的信心和希望。故答案为The gardens help them find wrk in rural areas and find cnfidence and hpe fr the future。
【63题详解】
开放性问题。答案符合逻辑即可，注意字数。例如：他们可以学会更好地相互合作，也学会回报他们在园艺过程中得到的爱，并将这种能量和爱传递给需要帮助的人。故答案为They can learn t cperate with each ther better and als learn t give back the lve they have received during gardening and als pass that energy and lve t thers wh need help。
七、书面表达(满分15分)
64. 【答案】Pssible Versin 1
Dear Jim,
Hw have yu been recently? As the Wrld Envirnmental Day is cming, an educatinal activity aiming t raise ur awareness f envirnment prtectin will be held in ur schl. I believe yu will be interested in it.
Let me tell yu mre abut the arrangement. On the mrning f June 5th, a prfessr will give a lecture at 9:00 in the central hall, thrugh which we can get mre knwledge in this field. Then in the afternn, an exhibitin f sme wrld-famus artwrks n prtecting the earth will be held in the Students’ Activity Center.
What d yu think f this activity? Wuld yu like t cme and jin us? I’m lking frward t yur participatin.
Yurs,
Li Hua
Pssible Versin 2
Dear Jim,
Hw have yu been recently? As the Wrld Envirnmental Day is arund the crner, a series f eye-pening and educatinal activities will be held in ur schl with the theme f making peace with nature. Since yu’re cncerned abut the envirnmental issues, I believe it will be f great interest t yu.
The aim f the activity is t raise ur awareness f envirnment prtectin and call fr students t put in their effrts t make the wrld a better place t live in. After all, small changes can bring abut a big difference.
Let me tell yu mre abut the specific arrangement. On the mrning f June 5th, a prfessr will give a lecture at 9:00 in the central hall n the significance f living a lw-carbn life. Nt nly can we btain sme prfessinal knwledge in this field, we can als get sme practical tips such as ways f saving water, paper and electricity at schl. Then in the afternn, an art exhibitin named REIMAGINERECOVERRESTORE will be held in the Students’ Activity Center. Yu can’t miss the wnderful presentatin abut sme internatinal award-winning paintings and sculptures. They depict the damage nature has suffered and the effrts t reverse it. What’s mre, craftwrk made with recycled materials by ur schlmates will als be n display.
What d yu think f this activity after my intrductin? Wuld yu like t cme and jin us? I’m lking frward t yur participatin and yu are bund t lve it.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国笔友 Peter写一封邮件，邀请他参加你校即将举办的一次环保主题活动。
【详解】（Pssible Versin 1）
词汇积累
意识：awareness→cnsciusness
安排：arrangement→plan
展览：exhibitin→display
期待：lk frward t→anticipate
句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：As the Wrld Envirnmental Day is cming, an educatinal activity aiming t raise ur awareness f envirnment prtectin will be held in ur schl.
拓展句：As the Wrld Envirnmental Day is cming, an educatinal activity which aims t raise ur awareness f envirnment prtectin will be held in ur schl.
【点睛】[高分句型1] As the Wrld Envirnmental Day is cming, an educatinal activity aiming t raise ur awareness f envirnment prtectin will be held in ur schl. (运用了现在分词作后置定语)
[高分句型2] On the mrning f June 5th, a prfessr will give a lecture at 9:00 in the central hall, thrugh which we can get mre knwledge in this field. (运用了介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句)
appreciate cmmit cnvince ambitius drp ut turn ne’s back n
guilt strive sacrifice breath apart frm at risk
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