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人教版英语八年级下册 Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world 知识点梳理及语法讲练
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这是一份人教版英语八年级下册 Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world 知识点梳理及语法讲练，共15页。
八年级英语（下）Unit 7知识点与语法精讲精练词汇梳理完成单词梳理：名词：1. 平方；正方形 2. 米；公尺 3. 沙漠 人口；人口数量 5. 亚洲 6. 旅行者；观光者 墙 8. 成就；成绩 9. 条件；状况 力；力量 11. 自然界；大自然 12. 大海；海洋 出生；诞生 14. 竹子 15. 饲养员；保管人 激动；兴奋 17. 疾病；病 18. 政府；内阁 19. 鲸 20. 油；食用油；石油 21. 保护；保卫动词：1. 保护；防护 2. 包括；包含 3. 实现目标；成功 4. 达到；完成；成功 5. 重量是……;称……的重量形容词：1. 深的；纵深的 2. 令人惊喜（或惊叹）的 3. 古代的4. 宽的；宽阔的 5. 人造的 6. 西南的7. 厚的；浓的 8. 极冷的；冰冻的 9. 濒危的 10. 醒着 11. 野生的 12. 巨大的；极多的兼类词：1. n.&v.旅行；旅游 2. v.&n.挑战；考验 3. adj.成年的；成人的n.成人；成年动物 4. n.&v.研究；调查(二) 词汇变形小结：1.deep (adj. 深的；纵深的) — (n. 深度)2.Asia (n. 亚洲) — (adj. 亚洲的；亚洲人的)3.tour (n. & v. 旅行；旅游) — (n. 旅行者；观光者)4.wide (adj.宽的；宽阔的) — (adv. 广泛地)5.achievement (n. 成就；成绩) — (v. 实现)6.include (v. 包括；包含) — (prep. 包括) 7.succeed (v. 成功) — (n.成功) — (adj.成功的) — (adv.成功地)8.protect (v. 保护；防护) — (n. 保护)9.awake (adj. 醒着) — (v. 醒来)10.illness (n. 疾病；病) — (adj. 生病的；有病的)11.weigh (v. 重量是……；称……的重量) — ( n. 重量) 12.keeper (n. 饲养员；保管人) — (v. 饲养；保持)13.excitement (n. 激动；兴奋) — (v. 使激动；使兴奋) — (adj.激动的；兴奋的) — (adj. 令人激动的；令人兴奋的)【练一练】用所给词的适当形式填空1.My mom is 1.67 meters tall and ________ (weigh) 65 kilos. 2.The minute the singer began to sing, the fans shouted with ________ (excite). 3.Li Hua speaks English ________ (well) than any other student in her class. 4.This mountain is three meters ________ (high) than that one. 5.Vera likes animals. She works as an animal ________ (keep) in Green Park Zoo. 6. He didn’t come to school because of his________(ill).7.If you don’t ________(success),try and try again.8.Mr. Bean is a very_________(success)comedy.9.All of us jumped up with_________(excite)when we heard the good news.10.The cinema is_______(freeze),so I need to wear a coat.(三) 短语攻关： (可以) 随便(做某事) 就我所知 吸入；吞入(体内) 冒着生命危险 面对(问题、困难等) 即使;虽然 出生时 到达 (某数量、程度) 绊倒 照顾 大约 死于 砍倒；减少 做研究 处于危险中 保护……免受…… 实现某人的梦想 撞到某人（四）用法总结：比较级 + than any other + 可数名词单数 比其他任何一个……都……What's the population of...? ……有多少人口？a lot / much + 比较级+ than 比……得多as + 形容词/副词原级+as 和……一样…… one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数 最……的……之一succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事There be + 名词 (短语) + doing sth. 有某人或某物正在做某事protect ... from ... 保护……免于……spend ... doing sth. 花费……做某事知识点梳理square用作形容词，表示“平方的”，用于数字后面表示面积。例：_________________________________________ 我们的新房子有95平方米大。用作名词，表示“平方；正方形”。还可表示“广场”： 广场舞1,025 meters deep 1025 米深 【归纳总结】表示长度单位的名词：【归纳】英语中长、宽、高、深的表达方式： 基数词+单位词+形容词 (long, wide, high, deep等)基数词+单位词+in+名词 (length, width, height, depth等)Eg. The river is 20 meters wide. = The river is . 这条河宽20米。【练一练】Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters _______.= Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters in_______.(tall/high/height)2.The Yangtze River is 6,300 kilometers_______.= The Yangtze River is 6,300 kilometers in_______.(long/length)3.The Caspian Sea is 1,025 meters_______.= The Caspian Sea is 1,025meters in_______.(depth/deep)4.The box is 2.5 meters_______.= The box is 2.5meters in_______.(width/wide) milefootkilometer英里英尺千米decimetercentimetermeter分米厘米米3. Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world.珠穆朗玛峰比世界上其他任何山都高。“any other + ” 任何其他的① any other “其他任何一个” ，后接可数名词单数；指在同一范围内除了某人或某物以外的其他任何人或物；通常用于比较级，多用于同一范围内相比较。◆ Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. 上海比中国的其他城市都大。② “any other +可数名词单数” 可与 “the other +可数名词复数”互换，也可用最高级形式表达。◆ Lucy is more careful than any other student in her class. (any other + 可数名词单数）= Lucy is the most careful in her class.【练一练】1.China is much (old)than any other (country)in the world.2.Shanghai is (large)than any other (city)in China.=Shanghai is (large) city in China.3.—Do you know Shanghai is one of _______in the world? —Yes, it’s bigger than_______city in China. A. the biggest city; any B. the biggest cities; anyC. the biggest cities; any other D. bigger; any other4.Bob jumps farther than_______in his class. A. any other boy B. the other boy C. any boy D. another boy5.—Mike plays the drums so wonderfully！—Of course. He is________ than any other student in his class.A. talented B. more talented C. less talented D. the most talented4.China has the biggest population in the world.中国在世界上人口数量最多。population n.（集合名词）“人口；人口数量”,在句中作主语时,谓语动词用 （单数/复数）形式①基数词+percent of the population are…. 百分之几的人口……,谓语动词用 （单数/复数）形式②"the population of...is + 数词”，表示……的人口数量是多少，谓语动词用 （单数/复数）形式③询问人口有多少时：“What’s the population of ……?”="How large is the population of...?"【注】对population进行提问时，不能用how many或how much。④形容人口多用 形容人口少用 ，而不能用many, much或few等。 【即学即用】1.一 ________ is the population of China now, Jack? — Let me think for a moment; it is about ________. A. How many; 1,400 million B. What; 1,400 millionC. What; 140 million D. How many; 140 million2.—________ is the population of your city?—About one million.What B. How much C. How many D. How3.—______ is the population of China?—It's over 1.3 billion. And it is ______ than that of the US. A. What；more B. What；bigger C. How；more D. How；bigger 4.—________the population of Tianshui？—It’s about 3.6 million. A. How many B. How much C. What is D. Which is5.—Which country has the ________ population in the world? —China. It’s a little ________ than that of India. A．most; most B．biggest; bigger C．more; most D．bigger; biggest5. As far as I know, there are no other man-made objects as big as this.就我所知，再没有其他像它这样大的人工建筑物了。as far as I know 为固定表达，相当于so far as I know。类似的表达有：as /so far as I can see” 依我看”。Eg. As far as I know, more and more students like reading in the library.就我所知，越来越多的学生喜欢在图书馆里阅读。As far as I can see, there is no difference between the two computers. 在我看来，这两台电脑没有差别。【即学即用】（潍坊中考）______ I know, more and more people in the world are learning Chinese.A. As well as B. As often as C. As soon as D. As far as include 及物动词，包括……在内，指整体中包含某部分内容。6.Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms.更加严峻的困难包括极冷的天气条件和巨大的风暴。including 介词，包括，后跟名词或代词，常用逗号与前面的句子隔开。Eg.Many middle school students like reading Harry Potter, including me. Everyone stood up, me include.【练一练】1.Many cities in China, ______ Beijing, have been deeply affected by dirtier air. A．including B. behind C. without D.beyond2.We study seven subjects at school, __________ (include) Chinese. 7.The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.这些登山者的精神向我们表明：我们决不应该放弃实现梦想的尝试。（1）放弃做某事 ，achieve的名词形式为 ，意为“成就；成绩”。（2）achieve与come true的区别：【练一练】1.If we Chinese work hard together, China Dream will ________.A．come out B．come true C．achieve D．come in2.Stephen Hawking has ________ great success as a scientist.A.allowed B. achieved C. practiced D. promised3.Don't be self-satisfied because of a few __________ (achieve).8.awake与wake的区别： achieve动词，意为“达到；完成”，其主语一般是 （人/物），即 come true短语动词，意为“实现”，其主语一般是 （人/物），即 awake形容词，意为“醒着”，做表语或后置定语，强调状态动词，意为“唤起，醒悟到”Eg.It’s late at night, but he is still awake. 夜深了，但他依然醒着。Nothing can awake her interest in this trip. 没有什么能唤起她对这次旅行的兴趣。Please wake me up at six o’clock tomorrow morning.请在明天早晨六点钟叫醒我。【练一练】1.—Is your father_______ or asleep?—He is asleep. But we must_______ him up，or he’ll miss the meeting.A awake; wake B awake; awake C wake; wake D wake; awake 2. Peter was so sleepy that he could hardly keep_______. A. sleepy B. asleep C. quiet D. awake9.fall over, fall down与fall off的区别：【练一练】1.The player ran so fast that he while running.A．falls over B．fell over C．fell off D．falls off10.Another 300 or so live in zoos or research centers in China and other countries.还有大约300只生活在中国和其他国家的动物园或研究中心。（1）“another+基数词+名词”表示“另外的……，再……”，相当于“基数词+other/more+名词”例：They stayed there for another five days.= （2）or so 意为“ ”，常位于数词或表示时间的名词之后 wake动词，意为“弄醒；醒来”，常与副词up连用，强调动作fall over意为“绊倒”，强调“向前摔倒；跌倒”fall down意为“倒下”，强调“滑倒；倒下”fall off意为“跌落”，强调“从某处跌落；从某处掉下来”。相当于about或around，但about或around常放在数词或表示时间的名词之前。eg.3 years or so = about/around 3 years11.The babies often die from illnesses and do not live very long. 【易混辨析】die from 与 die of die from 通常在外部原因（事故，自然灾害等）造成的死亡 die of 通常指人体自身原因（年老，忧伤，饥饿等）造成的死亡【注】表示死于疾病时，二者可以互换。Eg. He died from overwork. 他因工作过度劳累而死。The famous writer died of/from cancer last year. 那位著名的作家去年死于癌症。【练一练】1.—About 13 people_______ an earthquake in Yibin, Sichuan on June 17,2019.—I’m sorry to hear that.A. died to B. died of C. died from D. died for 2.—Many people _________ the flood in the summer of 2020.—What a pity! A. died to B. died from C. died of D. died for3.—It's said that only a few pet dogs can live up ______ 20 years old.—That's true. Most of them die ______ illnesses before they get old.A. with；from B. to；for C. to；from D. with；for课堂小测一、单项选择1.The 5G technology can help doctors treat patients who are hundreds of kilometers away. —It’s really________.A. secret B. direct C. amazing D. traditional2.______ we all tried our best，we didn't win the game.A. As soon as B. Even though C. Because D. If3.Please feel free ______ questions if you don't understand. A. ask B. asking C. to ask D. asked4.______ I know，he is very good at dancing.A. As long as B. As far as C. As soon as D. As well as5. For most people，it's difficult to ______ air on the top of high mountains over 3，000 meters high.A. take off B. take in C. take out D. take up6.—______ is a baby panda at birth?—About 0.1 to 0.2 kilos.A. How heavy B. How much C. How big D. How tall7.Sam is doing some ______ about the ancient Silk Road.A. exercise B. operations C. research D. experiments8.Kate has tried to lose ______ by eating less, but 2 kilos has been put on instead.A. weight B. weights C. height D. heights9.The baby elephant’s______ is about 100 kilos, but an adult elephant may_____5, 000 kilos. A. weight; weigh B. weight; weight C. weigh; weigh D. weigh; weight10.—If you work hard, you will_______sooner or later. —You are right. I’ll try my best to work. A. success B. succeed C. successful D. successful二、用所给词的适当形式填空11.China is an __________ (Asia) country.12.Many _________(tour) come to China to visit the Grest Wall every year.13.What an _________(amaze) place it is!14.He become ___________(success) after graduating from the university.15.The little baby is __________(wake) now.16.He ran to his mother with _________(excite).17.He makes a great __________(achieve) in the science. 18.English is used __________(wide) in the world.19.Which is __________(high) mountains in the world?20.China is almost as __________(big) as the US.语法精讲形容词和副词的比较等级一、形容词和副词的比较级(-er)、最高级(-est)的构成 类别规则示例单音节词和部分双音节词一般在词尾加-er或-estfast - faster - fastestshort - shorter - shortest以e结尾的词加-r或-stnice - nicer - nicestlate - later - latest以”辅元辅“结尾的，双写末尾辅音字母再加-er或-estbig - bigger - biggestthin - thinner - thinnest以”辅音字母+y“结尾的，变y为i再加-er或-esteasy - easier - easiest二、不规则变化三、常考形容词和副词比较等级的用法：1.两者的同级比较：“as+形容词和副词的原级+as”（否定用“not+as/so+形容词或副词的原级+as”）eg.吉姆和汤姆一样高。__________________________________________________. 2.两者的比较级句式：（1）“A+谓语动词+比较级+than+B”，表示其中一个比另一个更…… eg.你比你弟弟胖。__________________________________________________. （2）“比较级+and+比较级”，意为“越来越……”,多音节词要用“more and more+原级” eg.这个城市变得越来越美了。The city is becoming more and more beautiful.（3）“the+比较级... ，the+比较级... ”，意为“越……，就越……” eg.你吃得越多，就会越胖。The more you eat, the fatter you will be.3.三者及三者以上的最高级句式：（1）“the+最高级+in/of...”，其中in/of+范围 eg.她是我们班里年龄最小的。___________________________________________. （2）“one of the +最高级+名词复数”，表示最……之一,做主语时谓语动词用单数形式。 eg.上海是中国最美丽的城市之一。_________________________________________. heavy - heavier - heaviest多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more或mostbeautiful - more beautiful - most beautiful原级比较级最高级原级比较级最高级good/wellfarbad/badly/wellmany/mucholdlittle【注意】（1）修饰形容词或副词的比较级可以用much、a lot、a little、even等，但不能用veryeg.这个故事比那个有趣得多。This story is much more interesting than that one.（2）在比较结构中，被比较的事物应是同等成分，常用that或those代替前面的名词eg.那个工厂的工人比我们工厂的工人少。The workers in that factory are fewer than those in our factory.语法小测一、单项选择1.Beijing Opera is one of ________ Chinese arts. The roles of it mainly include Sheng, Dan, Jing, Mo and Chou.A．more ancient B．the more ancient C．most ancient D．the most ancient2.This street is much________ than that one.A. wide B. wider C. widest D. the widest3.________ the mountain is, ________ the air is.A. The highest; the thinnest B. Higher; thinnerC. The higher; the thinner D. The high; the thin4.—Do you know that China is one of ________ countries in the world?—Yes, I do. It's ________ than my country.A. oldest; old B. the oldest; more olderC. the oldest; much older D. oldest; older5.—Paul, do you prefer weekdays or weekends？—Weekdays, of course. I’m________ on weekends.A. busy B. much busier C. more busier D. the busiest6.Alan is as as Lucy in their class.A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the taller7.—Let’s go to another restaurant instead.—It’s not necessary. The food here is_________ than before.A. delicious B. less delicious C. much delicious D. more delicious 8.Oh, this box is _________ heavier than that one. I can’t move it.A. less B. more C. much D. only9.—The number of the customers in the mall grows_________.—The good service here brings the customers back year after year.A. less and less B. more and more C. larger and larger D. smaller and smaller10.—Do you know Hong Kong-Zhuhai Macao bridge（港珠澳大桥）?—Yes, it is_______ cross-sea bridge in the world. A the longer B longest C the longest D longer 二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Which is the ________(deep) lake in the world?2.China has the _________(big) population in the world.3.In our class, only Bill is as ________ (strong) as Jerry.4.With the help of my PE teacher, I run ________ (fast) than before.5.India is one of the ________ (old) countries in the world.6.I think mountain climbing is _______________ (dangerous) than skiing.7.China is one of the oldest ________(country)in the world.8.I don’t think Tom drives as________(careful) as Jim.
八年级英语（下）Unit 7知识点与语法精讲精练词汇梳理完成单词梳理：名词：1. 平方；正方形 2. 米；公尺 3. 沙漠 人口；人口数量 5. 亚洲 6. 旅行者；观光者 墙 8. 成就；成绩 9. 条件；状况 力；力量 11. 自然界；大自然 12. 大海；海洋 出生；诞生 14. 竹子 15. 饲养员；保管人 激动；兴奋 17. 疾病；病 18. 政府；内阁 19. 鲸 20. 油；食用油；石油 21. 保护；保卫动词：1. 保护；防护 2. 包括；包含 3. 实现目标；成功 4. 达到；完成；成功 5. 重量是……;称……的重量形容词：1. 深的；纵深的 2. 令人惊喜（或惊叹）的 3. 古代的4. 宽的；宽阔的 5. 人造的 6. 西南的7. 厚的；浓的 8. 极冷的；冰冻的 9. 濒危的 10. 醒着 11. 野生的 12. 巨大的；极多的兼类词：1. n.&v.旅行；旅游 2. v.&n.挑战；考验 3. adj.成年的；成人的n.成人；成年动物 4. n.&v.研究；调查(二) 词汇变形小结：1.deep (adj. 深的；纵深的) — (n. 深度)2.Asia (n. 亚洲) — (adj. 亚洲的；亚洲人的)3.tour (n. & v. 旅行；旅游) — (n. 旅行者；观光者)4.wide (adj.宽的；宽阔的) — (adv. 广泛地)5.achievement (n. 成就；成绩) — (v. 实现)6.include (v. 包括；包含) — (prep. 包括) 7.succeed (v. 成功) — (n.成功) — (adj.成功的) — (adv.成功地)8.protect (v. 保护；防护) — (n. 保护)9.awake (adj. 醒着) — (v. 醒来)10.illness (n. 疾病；病) — (adj. 生病的；有病的)11.weigh (v. 重量是……；称……的重量) — ( n. 重量) 12.keeper (n. 饲养员；保管人) — (v. 饲养；保持)13.excitement (n. 激动；兴奋) — (v. 使激动；使兴奋) — (adj.激动的；兴奋的) — (adj. 令人激动的；令人兴奋的)【练一练】用所给词的适当形式填空1.My mom is 1.67 meters tall and ________ (weigh) 65 kilos. 2.The minute the singer began to sing, the fans shouted with ________ (excite). 3.Li Hua speaks English ________ (well) than any other student in her class. 4.This mountain is three meters ________ (high) than that one. 5.Vera likes animals. She works as an animal ________ (keep) in Green Park Zoo. 6. He didn’t come to school because of his________(ill).7.If you don’t ________(success),try and try again.8.Mr. Bean is a very_________(success)comedy.9.All of us jumped up with_________(excite)when we heard the good news.10.The cinema is_______(freeze),so I need to wear a coat.(三) 短语攻关： (可以) 随便(做某事) 就我所知 吸入；吞入(体内) 冒着生命危险 面对(问题、困难等) 即使;虽然 出生时 到达 (某数量、程度) 绊倒 照顾 大约 死于 砍倒；减少 做研究 处于危险中 保护……免受…… 实现某人的梦想 撞到某人（四）用法总结：比较级 + than any other + 可数名词单数 比其他任何一个……都……What's the population of...? ……有多少人口？a lot / much + 比较级+ than 比……得多as + 形容词/副词原级+as 和……一样…… one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数 最……的……之一succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事There be + 名词 (短语) + doing sth. 有某人或某物正在做某事protect ... from ... 保护……免于……spend ... doing sth. 花费……做某事知识点梳理square用作形容词，表示“平方的”，用于数字后面表示面积。例：_________________________________________ 我们的新房子有95平方米大。用作名词，表示“平方；正方形”。还可表示“广场”： 广场舞1,025 meters deep 1025 米深 【归纳总结】表示长度单位的名词：【归纳】英语中长、宽、高、深的表达方式： 基数词+单位词+形容词 (long, wide, high, deep等)基数词+单位词+in+名词 (length, width, height, depth等)Eg. The river is 20 meters wide. = The river is . 这条河宽20米。【练一练】Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters _______.= Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters in_______.(tall/high/height)2.The Yangtze River is 6,300 kilometers_______.= The Yangtze River is 6,300 kilometers in_______.(long/length)3.The Caspian Sea is 1,025 meters_______.= The Caspian Sea is 1,025meters in_______.(depth/deep)4.The box is 2.5 meters_______.= The box is 2.5meters in_______.(width/wide) milefootkilometer英里英尺千米decimetercentimetermeter分米厘米米3. Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world.珠穆朗玛峰比世界上其他任何山都高。“any other + ” 任何其他的① any other “其他任何一个” ，后接可数名词单数；指在同一范围内除了某人或某物以外的其他任何人或物；通常用于比较级，多用于同一范围内相比较。◆ Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. 上海比中国的其他城市都大。② “any other +可数名词单数” 可与 “the other +可数名词复数”互换，也可用最高级形式表达。◆ Lucy is more careful than any other student in her class. (any other + 可数名词单数）= Lucy is the most careful in her class.【练一练】1.China is much (old)than any other (country)in the world.2.Shanghai is (large)than any other (city)in China.=Shanghai is (large) city in China.3.—Do you know Shanghai is one of _______in the world? —Yes, it’s bigger than_______city in China. A. the biggest city; any B. the biggest cities; anyC. the biggest cities; any other D. bigger; any other4.Bob jumps farther than_______in his class. A. any other boy B. the other boy C. any boy D. another boy5.—Mike plays the drums so wonderfully！—Of course. He is________ than any other student in his class.A. talented B. more talented C. less talented D. the most talented4.China has the biggest population in the world.中国在世界上人口数量最多。population n.（集合名词）“人口；人口数量”,在句中作主语时,谓语动词用 （单数/复数）形式①基数词+percent of the population are…. 百分之几的人口……,谓语动词用 （单数/复数）形式②"the population of...is + 数词”，表示……的人口数量是多少，谓语动词用 （单数/复数）形式③询问人口有多少时：“What’s the population of ……?”="How large is the population of...?"【注】对population进行提问时，不能用how many或how much。④形容人口多用 形容人口少用 ，而不能用many, much或few等。 【即学即用】1.一 ________ is the population of China now, Jack? — Let me think for a moment; it is about ________. A. How many; 1,400 million B. What; 1,400 millionC. What; 140 million D. How many; 140 million2.—________ is the population of your city?—About one million.What B. How much C. How many D. How3.—______ is the population of China?—It's over 1.3 billion. And it is ______ than that of the US. A. What；more B. What；bigger C. How；more D. How；bigger 4.—________the population of Tianshui？—It’s about 3.6 million. A. How many B. How much C. What is D. Which is5.—Which country has the ________ population in the world? —China. It’s a little ________ than that of India. A．most; most B．biggest; bigger C．more; most D．bigger; biggest5. As far as I know, there are no other man-made objects as big as this.就我所知，再没有其他像它这样大的人工建筑物了。as far as I know 为固定表达，相当于so far as I know。类似的表达有：as /so far as I can see” 依我看”。Eg. As far as I know, more and more students like reading in the library.就我所知，越来越多的学生喜欢在图书馆里阅读。As far as I can see, there is no difference between the two computers. 在我看来，这两台电脑没有差别。【即学即用】（潍坊中考）______ I know, more and more people in the world are learning Chinese.A. As well as B. As often as C. As soon as D. As far as include 及物动词，包括……在内，指整体中包含某部分内容。6.Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms.更加严峻的困难包括极冷的天气条件和巨大的风暴。including 介词，包括，后跟名词或代词，常用逗号与前面的句子隔开。Eg.Many middle school students like reading Harry Potter, including me. Everyone stood up, me include.【练一练】1.Many cities in China, ______ Beijing, have been deeply affected by dirtier air. A．including B. behind C. without D.beyond2.We study seven subjects at school, __________ (include) Chinese. 7.The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.这些登山者的精神向我们表明：我们决不应该放弃实现梦想的尝试。（1）放弃做某事 ，achieve的名词形式为 ，意为“成就；成绩”。（2）achieve与come true的区别：【练一练】1.If we Chinese work hard together, China Dream will ________.A．come out B．come true C．achieve D．come in2.Stephen Hawking has ________ great success as a scientist.A.allowed B. achieved C. practiced D. promised3.Don't be self-satisfied because of a few __________ (achieve).8.awake与wake的区别： achieve动词，意为“达到；完成”，其主语一般是 （人/物），即 come true短语动词，意为“实现”，其主语一般是 （人/物），即 awake形容词，意为“醒着”，做表语或后置定语，强调状态动词，意为“唤起，醒悟到”Eg.It’s late at night, but he is still awake. 夜深了，但他依然醒着。Nothing can awake her interest in this trip. 没有什么能唤起她对这次旅行的兴趣。Please wake me up at six o’clock tomorrow morning.请在明天早晨六点钟叫醒我。【练一练】1.—Is your father_______ or asleep?—He is asleep. But we must_______ him up，or he’ll miss the meeting.A awake; wake B awake; awake C wake; wake D wake; awake 2. Peter was so sleepy that he could hardly keep_______. A. sleepy B. asleep C. quiet D. awake9.fall over, fall down与fall off的区别：【练一练】1.The player ran so fast that he while running.A．falls over B．fell over C．fell off D．falls off10.Another 300 or so live in zoos or research centers in China and other countries.还有大约300只生活在中国和其他国家的动物园或研究中心。（1）“another+基数词+名词”表示“另外的……，再……”，相当于“基数词+other/more+名词”例：They stayed there for another five days.= （2）or so 意为“ ”，常位于数词或表示时间的名词之后 wake动词，意为“弄醒；醒来”，常与副词up连用，强调动作fall over意为“绊倒”，强调“向前摔倒；跌倒”fall down意为“倒下”，强调“滑倒；倒下”fall off意为“跌落”，强调“从某处跌落；从某处掉下来”。相当于about或around，但about或around常放在数词或表示时间的名词之前。eg.3 years or so = about/around 3 years11.The babies often die from illnesses and do not live very long. 【易混辨析】die from 与 die of die from 通常在外部原因（事故，自然灾害等）造成的死亡 die of 通常指人体自身原因（年老，忧伤，饥饿等）造成的死亡【注】表示死于疾病时，二者可以互换。Eg. He died from overwork. 他因工作过度劳累而死。The famous writer died of/from cancer last year. 那位著名的作家去年死于癌症。【练一练】1.—About 13 people_______ an earthquake in Yibin, Sichuan on June 17,2019.—I’m sorry to hear that.A. died to B. died of C. died from D. died for 2.—Many people _________ the flood in the summer of 2020.—What a pity! A. died to B. died from C. died of D. died for3.—It's said that only a few pet dogs can live up ______ 20 years old.—That's true. Most of them die ______ illnesses before they get old.A. with；from B. to；for C. to；from D. with；for课堂小测一、单项选择1.The 5G technology can help doctors treat patients who are hundreds of kilometers away. —It’s really________.A. secret B. direct C. amazing D. traditional2.______ we all tried our best，we didn't win the game.A. As soon as B. Even though C. Because D. If3.Please feel free ______ questions if you don't understand. A. ask B. asking C. to ask D. asked4.______ I know，he is very good at dancing.A. As long as B. As far as C. As soon as D. As well as5. For most people，it's difficult to ______ air on the top of high mountains over 3，000 meters high.A. take off B. take in C. take out D. take up6.—______ is a baby panda at birth?—About 0.1 to 0.2 kilos.A. How heavy B. How much C. How big D. How tall7.Sam is doing some ______ about the ancient Silk Road.A. exercise B. operations C. research D. experiments8.Kate has tried to lose ______ by eating less, but 2 kilos has been put on instead.A. weight B. weights C. height D. heights9.The baby elephant’s______ is about 100 kilos, but an adult elephant may_____5, 000 kilos. A. weight; weigh B. weight; weight C. weigh; weigh D. weigh; weight10.—If you work hard, you will_______sooner or later. —You are right. I’ll try my best to work. A. success B. succeed C. successful D. successful二、用所给词的适当形式填空11.China is an __________ (Asia) country.12.Many _________(tour) come to China to visit the Grest Wall every year.13.What an _________(amaze) place it is!14.He become ___________(success) after graduating from the university.15.The little baby is __________(wake) now.16.He ran to his mother with _________(excite).17.He makes a great __________(achieve) in the science. 18.English is used __________(wide) in the world.19.Which is __________(high) mountains in the world?20.China is almost as __________(big) as the US.语法精讲形容词和副词的比较等级一、形容词和副词的比较级(-er)、最高级(-est)的构成 类别规则示例单音节词和部分双音节词一般在词尾加-er或-estfast - faster - fastestshort - shorter - shortest以e结尾的词加-r或-stnice - nicer - nicestlate - later - latest以”辅元辅“结尾的，双写末尾辅音字母再加-er或-estbig - bigger - biggestthin - thinner - thinnest以”辅音字母+y“结尾的，变y为i再加-er或-esteasy - easier - easiest二、不规则变化三、常考形容词和副词比较等级的用法：1.两者的同级比较：“as+形容词和副词的原级+as”（否定用“not+as/so+形容词或副词的原级+as”）eg.吉姆和汤姆一样高。__________________________________________________. 2.两者的比较级句式：（1）“A+谓语动词+比较级+than+B”，表示其中一个比另一个更…… eg.你比你弟弟胖。__________________________________________________. （2）“比较级+and+比较级”，意为“越来越……”,多音节词要用“more and more+原级” eg.这个城市变得越来越美了。The city is becoming more and more beautiful.（3）“the+比较级... ，the+比较级... ”，意为“越……，就越……” eg.你吃得越多，就会越胖。The more you eat, the fatter you will be.3.三者及三者以上的最高级句式：（1）“the+最高级+in/of...”，其中in/of+范围 eg.她是我们班里年龄最小的。___________________________________________. （2）“one of the +最高级+名词复数”，表示最……之一,做主语时谓语动词用单数形式。 eg.上海是中国最美丽的城市之一。_________________________________________. heavy - heavier - heaviest多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more或mostbeautiful - more beautiful - most beautiful原级比较级最高级原级比较级最高级good/wellfarbad/badly/wellmany/mucholdlittle【注意】（1）修饰形容词或副词的比较级可以用much、a lot、a little、even等，但不能用veryeg.这个故事比那个有趣得多。This story is much more interesting than that one.（2）在比较结构中，被比较的事物应是同等成分，常用that或those代替前面的名词eg.那个工厂的工人比我们工厂的工人少。The workers in that factory are fewer than those in our factory.语法小测一、单项选择1.Beijing Opera is one of ________ Chinese arts. The roles of it mainly include Sheng, Dan, Jing, Mo and Chou.A．more ancient B．the more ancient C．most ancient D．the most ancient2.This street is much________ than that one.A. wide B. wider C. widest D. the widest3.________ the mountain is, ________ the air is.A. The highest; the thinnest B. Higher; thinnerC. The higher; the thinner D. The high; the thin4.—Do you know that China is one of ________ countries in the world?—Yes, I do. It's ________ than my country.A. oldest; old B. the oldest; more olderC. the oldest; much older D. oldest; older5.—Paul, do you prefer weekdays or weekends？—Weekdays, of course. I’m________ on weekends.A. busy B. much busier C. more busier D. the busiest6.Alan is as as Lucy in their class.A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the taller7.—Let’s go to another restaurant instead.—It’s not necessary. The food here is_________ than before.A. delicious B. less delicious C. much delicious D. more delicious 8.Oh, this box is _________ heavier than that one. I can’t move it.A. less B. more C. much D. only9.—The number of the customers in the mall grows_________.—The good service here brings the customers back year after year.A. less and less B. more and more C. larger and larger D. smaller and smaller10.—Do you know Hong Kong-Zhuhai Macao bridge（港珠澳大桥）?—Yes, it is_______ cross-sea bridge in the world. A the longer B longest C the longest D longer 二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Which is the ________(deep) lake in the world?2.China has the _________(big) population in the world.3.In our class, only Bill is as ________ (strong) as Jerry.4.With the help of my PE teacher, I run ________ (fast) than before.5.India is one of the ________ (old) countries in the world.6.I think mountain climbing is _______________ (dangerous) than skiing.7.China is one of the oldest ________(country)in the world.8.I don’t think Tom drives as________(careful) as Jim.
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