[英语]辽宁省七校2024-2025学年高二上学期期初开学考试试卷(解析版)

这是一份[英语]辽宁省七校2024-2025学年高二上学期期初开学考试试卷(解析版)，共24页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、 B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the speakers d next?
A. G shpping.B. Take a hliday.C. Have smething t eat.
【答案】C
2. Hw much will the man pay?
A. $5.B. $10.C. $20.
【答案】B
3. Where did the wman mst prbably leave her wallet?
A. In a cinema.B. On a bus.C. At a restaurant.
【答案】B
4. What d we knw abut Mary?
A. She refused a jb ffer.
B. She is hunting fr a jb.
C. She was well-qualified fr the psitin.
【答案】C
5. Wh might Shelly be?
A. A babysitter.B. The girl’s sister.C. The man’s wife.
【答案】A
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、 B 、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对 话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
6. What are the speakers talking abut in general?
A. A piece f news.B. An interview.C. A prgram.
7. Hw des the wman feel?
A. Cnfident.B. Wrried.C. Dubtful.
【答案】6. B 7. A
听下面一段对话，回答以下 小题。
8. When will the wman take part in a basketball game?
A. Tmrrw.B. The day after tmrrw.C. In fur days.
9. What is the wman ging t d next?
A. Phne a she stre.
B. Buy a pair f shes nline.
C. G t Bb’s Shes.
【答案】8. B 9. C
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
10. What des the man want t d?
A. Open an accunt.
B. Withdraw sme mney.
C. Cash traveler’s checks.
11. Why des the man have t cme back tmrrw?
A. He desn’t have enugh mney.
B. The bank desn’t have enugh cash.
C. He hasn’t gt any prfs f ID n him.
12. What can we learn frm the cnversatin?
A. A Silver accunt can ffer an interest rate f 5%.
B. A Gld accunt allws the card hlder t withdraw mney at any time.
C. A minimum f $500 depsit is needed fr bth Silver and Gld accunts.
【答案】10. A 11. C 12. A
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
13. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Manager and secretary.
B. Custmer and manager.
C. Interviewer and interviewee.
14. What des the wman ask the man t d in the first place?
A. Arrange a team meeting.
B. Cntact a custmer.
C. Reserve a meeting rm.
15. When will the wman give a presentatin?
A. This week.B. In tw weeks.C. Next mnth.
16. What des the wman say abut the reprt n the new prject?
A. It shuld be mre specific.
B. It is time - cnsuming.
C. It’s nt t urgent.
【答案】13. A 14. B 15. C 16. C
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. When will the weather clear up?
A. By breakfast time.B. By lunchtime.C. By supper time.
18. What will the weather be like in England tmrrw mrning?
A. Clear.B. Shwery.C. Fggy.
19. Where will the rain reach by Saturday afternn?
A. The nrth.B. The nrthwest.C. The suth cast.
20. What will the temperatures be fr the weekend?
A. At abut 21 degrees.B. At abut 29 degrees.C. At abut 30 degrees.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. A
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项
A
Vlunteer by supprting a lcal animal rescue center in Csta Rica!
If yu like animals and are als interested in preserving the envirnment, yu will be perfect fr this prgram. Yu will be helping ut in and supprting a lcal animal shelter. Nt nly des this shelter take in hmeless animals, but als wild animals which are in bad cnditin.
In additin t the caretaking f the animals, vlunteers help us welcme visitrs at the entrance and answer any questins that visitrs may have abut the shelter r its animals. As vlunteers spend mre days in the shelter, knwledge abut wildlife management will grw.
Requirements
＊Yu need t be at least 15 years ld n the prgram start date at the high schl level r abve.
＊Speaking English is a basic requirement.
＊N restrictins n natinality. Helping hands bth in Csta Rica and beynd are welcme.
＊Yur helping hand will be required frm 09:00 t 15:00 n Mnday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Saturday and Sunday.
Prgram fees
＊Bking payments (15%): The bking payment is simply t reserve yur vlunteer placement. Payment is made by PayPal. Yu can als pay using a credit card.
＊Final payments (85%): Yur final payment will be agreed with Vlunteer Nw Csta Rica during the applicatin prcess.
21. What can a vlunteer d in the rescue center?
A. Cmmunicate with visitrs.B. Get trained t place animals.
C. Give lectures abut animals.D. Search fr hmeless animals.
22. Wh can vlunteer in the prgram?
A. A French-speaking adult.B. A primary schlchild.
C. A cllege student frm America.D. A lcal persn free n Fridays.
23. Hw much shuld a vlunteer pay at least t make a reservatin?
A. $52.5.B. $105.C. $297.5.D. $350.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了如何申请支持哥斯达黎加当地动物救援中心的志愿者。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In additin t the caretaking f the animals, vlunteers help us welcme visitrs at the entrance and answer any questins that visitrs may have abut the shelter r its animals.”（除了照顾动物外，志愿者还帮助我们在入口处欢迎游客，并回答游客可能对收容所或动物的任何问题）可知，志愿者在救援中心可以与参观者沟通。故选A项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据Requirements中“＊Yu need t be at least 15 years ld n the prgram start date at the high schl level r abve.＊Speaking English is a basic requirement. ＊N restrictins n natinality. Helping hands bth in Csta Rica and beynd are welcme.＊Yur helping hand will be required frm 09:00 t 15:00 n Mnday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Saturday and Sunday.”（*您需要在课程开始日期至少15岁，高中或以上水平。会说英语是基本要求。*国籍不限。欢迎来自哥斯达黎加和其他国家的援助之手。*星期一、二、三、四、六、日的09:00至15:00需要您的帮助）可知，一位来自美国的大学生可以自愿参加这个项目。故选C项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Prgram fees中“1week（minimum stay）$350”以及“Bking payments (15%)”（预订费用(15%)）可知，志愿者至少要付350×15%=52.5美元，才能预约。故选A项。
B
Grwing up in Kenya, Lesein Mutunkei, tgether with his family, always celebrated significant ccasins by planting trees, which mtivated him t prtect the envirnment. It’s what the nw 18-year-ld sccer player treasures, especially since Kenya has an nging prblem with defrestatin.
Mutunkei fllws in the ftsteps f the late Kenyan Nbel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai wh funded the Green Belt Mvement in 1977. This initiative has resulted in the planting f ver 51 millin trees t date.
In 2018, Lesein decided t start a mvement f his wn. He started by planting ne tree fr every gal he scred during a ftball match. He called it Trees4Gals, and it has grwn s much that he nw plants 11 trees, ne fr each member f his team, every time he scres. Thrugh this, he wants t inspire yung peple, specifically his fellw athletes, t fllw in his ftsteps, take nature cnservatin seriusly, and prmise t plant trees every time they scre. As a result, sme f them have adapted this practice fr their sprts. “Seeing that they’re taking that respnsibility because f the prject I started, fr me, that is the biggest achievement,” he said.
The initiative has caught the attentin f English ftball club Arsenal and Kenya’s Ministry f Envirnment and Frestry, which he nw wrks with regularly and gets advice frm.
Like Green Belt Mvement, Trees4Gals, which has planted 5,500 trees s far, has made it. While Lesein has received sme recgnitin fr his initiative, he sets his sights n making it a wrldwide phenmenn. “Ftball is a universal game, and climate change is a universal prblem,” he explains. “It has the pwer t unite, educate and inspire my generatin t create a safer and greener future.” This is why he wants t wrk with the wrld’s biggest ftball federatin FIFA.
As fr what thers can d t fight defrestatin r ther envirnmental cncerns, the teenager says it’s imprtant t just get invlved in sme way, n matter hw small.
24. What made Lesein get interested in envirnmental prtectin?
A. The influence f his family.
B. Wangari Maathai’s huge assistances.
C. The demand f the ftball team.
D. His fellw athletes’ encuragement.
25. Why did Lesein fund Trees4Gals?
A. T gain Kenya’s supprt.
B. T set an example fr thers.
C. T catch Arsenal’s attentin.
D. T shw his achievements.
26. What is Lesein’s hpe fr the future f Trees4Gals?
A. Prmting ftball’s develpment.
B. Ging glbal with the help f FIFA.
C. Beating climate change cmpletely.
D. Getting beynd Green Belt Mvement.
27. What can we learn frm Lesein’s stry?
A. Fame is a great thirst f the yung.
B. A yuth is t be regarded with respect.
C. Psitive thinking and actin result in success.
D. Success means getting persnal desires satisfied.
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. B 27. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。在肯尼亚长大的Lesein Mutunkei是一名足球队员，他发起了“一球一树（Trees4Gals）运动”，每进球一次，他为球队的每一位成员种一棵树，激励其他年轻人去保护环境。到目前为止，该运动已经种植了5100万棵树。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Grwing up in Kenya, Lesein Mutunkei, tgether with his family, always celebrated significant ccasins by planting trees, which mtivated him t prtect the envirnment. (在肯尼亚长大的Lesein Mutunkei和他的家人总是通过植树来庆祝重要的节日，这促使他保护环境)”可知，在Lesein成长的过程中，他和他的家人总是以种树的方式来庆祝重要的节日，这激励他去保护环境。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Thrugh this, he wants t inspire yung peple, specifically his fellw athletes, t fllw in his ftsteps, take nature cnservatin seriusly, and prmise t plant trees every time they scre. (他希望借此激励年轻人，特别是他的运动员同伴，跟随他的脚步，认真对待自然保护，并承诺每次得分都要植树)”可知，Lesein发起“一球一树运动”是作出表率来激励他人保护环境。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“While Lesein has received sme recgnitin fr his initiative, he sets his sights n making it a wrldwide phenmenn.(虽然莱辛的倡议得到了一些认可，但他的目标是让它成为一种全球现象)”及“This is why he wants t wrk with the wrld’s biggest ftball federatin FIFA.(这就是为什么他想与世界上最大的足球联盟国际足联合作)”可知，在FIFA的帮助下，Lesein 希望“一球一树运动”走向全球。故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Mutunkei fllws in the ftsteps f the late Kenyan Nbel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai wh funded the Green Belt Mvement in 1977. This initiative has resulted in the planting f ver 51 millin trees t date.(Mutunkei追随了已故的肯尼亚诺贝尔和平奖得主旺加里·马塔伊的脚步，后者于1977年创立了绿带运动。迄今为止，这一举措已导致种植了5100多万棵树)”及全文内容可知，Lesein从小耳濡目染，很有环保意识，后受到启发，发起了“一球一树运动”并取得了成功。可见，他的故事说明：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。故选C。
C
Digging ut ptat tubers (茎块) is ne f the greatest rewards gardens have t ffer. Children in particular are surprised at seeing these tubers that almst magically becme chips, mash (泥) r baked ptates.
Happily, ptates are very easy t grw. Seed tubers are placed in gd garden sil, ideally with sme cmpst (堆肥) fr every square meter, in a sunny spt, abut 10cm deep at 30cm intervals in rws 60-70cm apart.
Seed tubers are ffered as earliest and secnd earliest and maincrp. The secnd earliest and maincrps can be stred fr winter use but earliest are usually cnsumed in summer.
Seasned ptat grwers buy early seed ptates in February and place them in a cl, reasnably light place and let them sprut (发芽). It takes six weeks fr small spruts t frm.
Early ptates are typically planted frm middle March in the Suth, but are likely t emerge befre the first seasn finishes in May. The shts are frst-sensitive requiring prtectin n cd nights with either earth r newspapers.
Secnd early and maincrp ptates are planted in middle April—the frst risk will be lw, but nt absent, by the time they emerge. As the stems (茎) grw, sil shuld be drawn arund them until the leaves meet in the rw in early summer. At this stage, the ptat field is a series f ridges (脊，垄). The tubers frm in the ridge, prtected frm light that turns them green. Cvering with black plastic r a thick layer f cmpst is als accessible instead f ridging, but plastic is nt sustainable and slugs (鼻涕虫) can multiply in cmpst.
Once the flwers are fully pen, it is time t dig plants when the tubers are the size f a hen’s egg. They grw rapidly but gradually lse their juicy new ptat flavur, s harvest freely.
28. What’s the writing purpse f paragraph 1?
A. T describe a magic prcess.
B. T recall a childhd memry.
C. T raise a ptat-related tpic.
D. T intrduce a gardening award.
29. What can we learn abut seed tubers?
A. The clser the intervals are, the faster they will grw.
B. The warmer the weather is, the better they will grw.
C. The earlier they are planted, the healthier they will grw.
D. The deeper they are planted, the strnger they will grw.
30. What helps ptates grw in the lng term?
A. Frst.B. Plastic.C. Ridges.D. Slugs.
31. What’s the text mainly abut?
A. Hw t ck ptates.B. Hw t grw ptates.
C. Hw t harvest ptates.D. Hw t preserve ptates.
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. C 31. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是如何种植土豆。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段“Digging ut ptat tubers (茎块) is ne f the greatest rewards gardens have t ffer. Children in particular are surprised at seeing these tubers that almst magically becme chips, mash (泥) r baked ptates. (挖出土豆块茎是菜园能提供的最大奖励之一。孩子们尤其惊讶地看到这些块茎几乎神奇地变成了薯片、土豆泥或烤土豆。)”可知，本段介绍的是收获土豆是花园提供的最大的奖励，孩子们惊讶的是这些土豆变成了薯条、土豆泥或者烤土豆，结合第二段中的“Happily, ptates are very easy t grw. (幸运的是，土豆很容易种植。)”以及下文中讲述的种植土豆的介绍可知，本段的目的是引出本文的相关话题。故选C项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Seed tubers are placed in gd garden sil, ideally with sme cmpst (堆肥) fr every square meter, in a sunny spt, abut 10cm deep at 30cm intervals in rws 60-70cm apart. (块茎种放在良好的花园土壤中，最好每平方米加一些堆肥，在阳光充足的地方，每排60-70厘米，间隔30厘米，深约10厘米。)”可知，种薯被放置在阳光充足的地方，由此可推断，天气越好，种薯生长的就会越好。故选B项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“As the stems (茎) grw, sil shuld be drawn arund them until the leaves meet in the rw in early summer. At this stage, the ptat field is a series f ridges (脊，垄). The tubers frm in the ridge, prtected frm light that turns them green. (随着茎的生长，土壤应该在茎的周围覆盖，直到初夏时叶子排成一行。在这个阶段，土豆田是一系列的垄。块茎在垄上形成，不受光线的影响，光线会使它们变绿。)”可知，随着茎的不断生长，用土壤将其覆盖形成一系列的垄，块茎在山脊上形成，根据下文“Cvering with black plastic r a thick layer f cmpst is als accessible instead f ridging, but plastic is nt sustainable and slugs (鼻涕虫) can multiply in cmpst. (用黑色塑料或一层厚厚的堆肥覆盖也可以代替垄沟，但塑料是不可持续的，蛞蝓可以在堆肥中繁殖。)”可知，也可以使用塑料或者堆肥代替垄，但是塑料是不可持续的，由此可知，从长远看来，垄帮助土豆的成长。故选C项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段“Digging ut ptat tubers (茎块) is ne f the greatest rewards gardens have t ffer. Children in particular are surprised at seeing these tubers that almst magically becme chips, mash (泥) r baked ptates. (挖出土豆块茎是菜园能提供的最大奖励之一。孩子们尤其惊讶地看到这些块茎几乎神奇地变成了薯片、土豆泥或烤土豆。)”引出本文讲述的话题与土豆有关，第二段的“Happily, ptates are very easy t grw. (幸运的是，土豆很容易种植。)”可知，种植土豆是很容易的，结合下文中介绍的土豆种植的条件，种植方法以及生长特点的介绍可知，本文主要讲述的是如何种植土豆。故选B项。
D
Scial media can lead t mental exhaustin (疲惫). And when mentally exhausted, yu are mre likely t be influenced by a high number f likes n psts — even t the pint f clicking n ads fr prducts yu dn't need r want.
As a prfessr f advertising, I have studied scial media behavirs fr years. In late 2022, my clleague Eric Haley and I cnducted three nline studies n Americans aged 18 — 65 t test hw peple under varius mental lads respnd t ads differently.
The cntrl grup in each study were given n intrductry task — we just had them lk at an ad. A secnd grup had t memrize a nine-digit number and then lk at the ad. The third grup lked thrugh the Internet fr 30 secnds and then lked at the ad. Participants randmly saw an ad with a few hundred likes r tens f thusands f likes. After viewing the ad, each participant rated hw willing they wuld be t buy the prduct, and hw much mental effrt it tk t think abut the infrmatin.
The grup that used the Internet first were the mst likely t want t buy the featured prduct when there were lts f likes r cmments, and they als reprted using the mst mental effrt t assess the ad. Researchers refer t this mentally exhausted state as “cgnitive (认知的) verlad”. Using scial media puts them in this state because they are cnstantly evaluating different types f texts, phts and vide psts frm s many different peple. In the span f several secnds, they can see a text frm their husband r wife, a pht frm a c-wrker, a vide frm a celebrity and an emji frm their brther. All f this evaluating leaves them feeling frazzled.
Imagine asking yur rmmate if they want t g get pizza. Under nrmal cnditins, the rmmate might cnsider several factrs such as cst, hunger, timing r their schedule. Nw imagine asking yur rmmate the same questin while they are n the phne with a sick relative. They n lnger have the mental energy t lgically cnsider whether pizza fr dinner is a gd idea.
By understanding hw scial media influences them, cnsumers can be mre thughtful in regulating their use—and hpefully nt buy yet anther water bttle they dn’t need.
32. Why did the authr cnduct three nline studies n Americans aged 18-65?
A. T investigate their nline habits.
B. T test their reactins t advertisements.
C. T research what kind f advertising is effective.
D. T discver why peple suffer great mental stress.
33. What dcs paragraph 3 mainly tell us abut the study?
A. Its purpse.B. Its prcess.C. Its finding.D. Its significance.
34. What des the underlined wrd “frazzled” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Interested.B. Depressed.C. Annyed.D. Tired.
35. Why des the authr mentin “yur rmmate” in paragraph 5?
A. T further explain cgnitive verlad.
B. T stress the imprtance f. relatinships.
C. T strngly call n peple t eat healthily.
D. T remind peple nt t rely n mbile phnes.
【答案】32. B 33. B 34. D 35. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，该研究发现，浏览社交媒体可能会使人精神疲惫，这时候人们更容易购买本来并不需要的产品。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In late 2022, my clleague Eric Haley and I cnducted three nline studies n Americans aged 18—65 t test hw peple under varius mental lads respnd t ads differently. (2022年底，我和同事埃里克·海利对18-65岁的美国人进行了三项在线研究，以测试不同心理负荷下的人对广告的不同反应。)”可知，作者对18-65岁的美国人进行三项在线研究是为了测试他们对广告的反应。故选B。
【33题详解】
段落大意题。通读第三段“The cntrl grup in each study were given n intrductry task—we just had them lk at an ad. A secnd grup had t memrize a nine-digit number and then lk at the ad. The third grup lked thrugh the Internet fr 30 secnds and then lked at the ad. Participants randmly saw an ad with a few hundred likes r tens f thusands f likes. After viewing the ad, each participant rated hw willing they wuld be t buy the prduct, and hw much mental effrt it tk t think abut the infrmatin. (在每项研究中，控制组都没有得到任何介绍任务——我们只是让他们看一个广告。第二组被要求记住一个九位数，然后看广告。第三组在网上浏览了30秒，然后看了广告。参与者随机看到一个有几百个赞或上万个赞的广告。在看完广告后，每个参与者都对他们购买该产品的意愿进行了评估，以及他们花了多少精力来思考这些信息。)”可知，本段主要介绍了此次研究的过程。故选B。
【34题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词前“Researchers refer t this mentally exhausted state as “cgnitive (认知的) verlad”. Using scial media puts them in this state because they are cnstantly evaluating different types f texts, phts and vide psts frm s many different peple. In the span f several secnds, they can see a text frm their husband r wife, a pht frm a c-wrker, a vide frm a celebrity and an emji frm their brther. (研究人员将这种精神疲惫的状态称为“认知超载”。使用社交媒体让他们处于这种状态，因为他们不断地评估来自不同人的不同类型的文本、照片和视频帖子。在几秒钟内，他们可以看到丈夫或妻子的短信、同事的照片、名人的视频和兄弟的表情符号。)”可推断，所有这些评估让他们感到疲惫，划线词的含义为“疲惫的”。A. Interested感兴趣的；B. Depressed沮丧的；C. Annyed烦恼的；D. Tired累的。故选D。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Imagine asking yur rmmate if they want t g get pizza. Under nrmal cnditins, the rmmate might cnsider several factrs such as cst, hunger, timing r their schedule. Nw imagine asking yur rmmate the same questin while they are n the phne with a sick relative. They n lnger have the mental energy t lgically cnsider whether pizza fr dinner is a gd idea. (想象一下，你问你的室友想不想去吃披萨。在正常情况下，室友可能会考虑几个因素，比如费用、饥饿、时间或他们的日程安排。现在想象一下，当你的室友和生病的亲戚打电话时，你问他们同样的问题。他们不再有精力去逻辑地考虑晚餐吃披萨是否是个好主意。)”可推断，作者提及“你的室友”是为了进一步解释认知超载。故选A。
第二节(共 5 小题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两项为多余选项
Hw lng des it take t becme an elite (精英) in yur field? ___36___ That’s what Jhn Hayes, a cgnitive psychlgy prfessr at Carnegie Melln University, wanted t knw.
Fr decades, Hayes has been investigating the rle f effrt, practice and knwledge in tp perfrmers. ___37___ The research fcused n peple like Mzart and Picass-t determine hw lng it tk them t becme wrld-class at their craft.
Let’s talk abut what Hayes has discvered abut wrld-class-perfrmers. And mre imprtantly, let’s discuss hw yu can use these insights t achieve yur gals and becme yur best.
___38___ He analyzed thusands f musical pieces prduced frm 1685 t 1900. The central questin that drve his wrk was, “Hw lng after ne becmes interested in music is it that ne becmes wrld-class?” Eventually, Hayes develped a list f 500 pieces f “masterwrks” in the field, which were created by a ttal f 76 cmpsers.
text, Hayes mapped ut the timeline f each cmpsers career. ___39___ What he discvered was that virtually every single “masterwrk” was written after the tenth year f the cmpser’s career. Nt a single persn prduced incredible wrk withut putting in a decade f practice first. Even a genius like Mzart had t wrk fr at least ten years befre he prduced smething that became ppular. ___40___
In fllw-up studies, Hayes fund similar patterns amng famus painters and ppular pets. These findings have been further cnfirmed by research frm prfessrs like K. Anders Ericssn, wh prduced research that revealed that yu needed t put in “10, 000 hurs” t becme an elite r expert in yur field.
A. It takes time t achieve yur gals.
B. And what d peple like ding in their spare time?
C. He has studied the mst talented creatrs in histry.
D. Hayes started his research by examining successful cmpsers.
E. Prfessr Hayes began t refer t this perid as the “ten years f silence”.
F. And what d the successful peple d differently than the rest f us?
G. And then he calculated hw lng they had been wrking befre they created their ppular wrks.
【答案】36. F 37. C 38. D 39. G 40. E
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Jhn Hayes教授对于成为顶级精英所需时间的研究。通过分析莫扎特、毕加索等大师的作品，Hayes发现几乎所有杰作都是在创作者生涯的第十年后诞生的，强调了“十年沉默期”的重要性。
【36题详解】
上文“Hw lng des it take t becme an elite (精英) in yur field?(成为你所在领域的精英需要多长时间？)”以及下文“That’s what Jhn Hayes, a cgnitive psychlgy prfessr at Carnegie Melln University, wanted t knw.(这正是卡内基梅隆大学认知心理学教授Jhn Hayes想要知道的)”说明Jhn Hayes想要知道需要多久能成为所在领域的精英。空处和前文并列提出关于精英的问题，并引出下文。F项“成功人士与我们其他人有什么不同之处？”符合语境。故选F。
【37题详解】
上文“Fr decades, Hayes has been investigating the rle f effrt, practice and knwledge in tp perfrmers.(几十年来，海斯一直在研究努力、实践和知识在优秀员工中的作用)”说明Hayes教授多年研究顶尖表现者所付出的努力、练习和知识的作用。空处顺接前文，继续说明他的研究特点或范围，并引出下文。C项中的He指代前文中的Hayes，“the mst talented creatrs ”和下文中的“peple like Mzart and Picass”相呼应，所以C项“他研究了历史上最有才华的创作者。”符合语境。故选C。
【38题详解】
下文“He analyzed thusands f musical pieces prduced frm 1685 t 1900. The central questin that drve his wrk was, “Hw lng after ne becmes interested in music is it that ne becmes wrld-class?”(他分析了1685年至1900年间创作的数千首乐曲。推动他工作的核心问题是，“一个人对音乐感兴趣多久后，他才能成为世界级的？”)”说明本段主要介绍了Jhn Hayes研究了世界级表演者，以及如何利用这些见解实现目标。所以D项“海斯的研究始于考察成功的作曲家”符合语境，适合引出本段，该项中的“by examining successful cmpsers”和下文中的“He analyzed thusands f musical pieces”相呼应。故选D。
【39题详解】
上文“Hayes mapped ut the timeline f each cmpsers career. (海斯为每一位作曲家的职业生涯绘制了时间表)”说明Hayes绘制了每位作曲家的职业生涯时间线。空处顺承上文，进一步描述他之后的分析步骤。G项中的they 指代前文中的“cmpsers”，说明Jhn Hayes计算了他们创作流行作品之前工作了多长时间。所以G项“然后他计算了他们创作流行作品之前工作了多长时间。”符合语境。故选G。
【40题详解】
上文“Nt a single persn prduced incredible wrk withut putting in a decade f practice first. Even a genius like Mzart had t wrk fr at least ten years befre he prduced smething that became ppular.(没有一个人在不先投入十年实践的情况下创作出令人难以置信的作品。即使是像莫扎特这样的天才，也必须工作至少十年才能创作出受欢迎的作品)”说明几乎所有“杰作”都是在作曲家职业生涯的第十年后产生的。空处对前面的现象进行总结性命名。E项中的“this perid”指代前文中的“wrk fr at least ten years befre he prduced smething that became ppular”，所以E项“海斯教授开始将这段时期称为“沉默的十年”。”符合语境。故选E。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从各题所给的 A.B.C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项
Glen Edwards became a her when he rescued a cnstructin wrker trapped n tp f a 160-meter-high building.
As a crane (吊车) ____41____ wrking n a cnstructin site, Edwards ____42____ fund himself in a life-saving missin when a fire brke ut. He recalled hw he ____43____ the trapped wrker frm his crane’s cabin (驾驶舱), and hw he came up with the idea f saving the man by lwering a cage t him t let him ____44____ .
Hwever, his attempt t ____45____ the cage befre the man was by n meansan easy jb, as the wind wuld thrw his crane ff balance. Besides, the smke and flames als added t the difficulty. ____46____ the great challenges, Edwards refused t give up and fught t ____47____ cntrl. Luckily, smene n the grund ffered ____48____ n where t land the cage thrugh a radi. Edwards ____49____ the crane’s mvements, inch by inch, until the cage hanged (盘旋) just inches frm the edge f the ____50____ . With determinatin, Edwards successfully landed the cage.
Eventually, Edwards watched the cage ____51____ the man away frm the hrrible fire belw and lwering him t safety. The crwd ____52____ a big rund f applause, a tribute (致敬) t the curage and skill ____53____ by Edwards. He knew that his quick thinking and strng ____54____ had made all the difference between life and death in the face f disaster.
A GFundMe page has nw been set up t raise mney fr him—with rganizers ____55____ peple t “buy Glen a beer” fr his life-saving effrts.
41. A. engineerB. peratrC. cleanerD. salesman
42. A. regularlyB. unfrtunatelyC. intentinallyD. unexpectedly
43. A. helpedB. spttedC. realizedD. guided
44. A. escapeB. hideC. walkD. slide
45. A. cleanB. cverC. psitinD. pen
46. A. DespiteB. WithutC. FrD. Frm
47. A. switchB. maintainC. lseD. give
48. A. instructinsB. prblemsC. explanatinsD. curses
49. A. quickenedB. describedC. adjustedD. repeated
50. A. drB. gardenC. craneD. rf
51. A. persuadingB. liftingC. warningD. dragging
52. A. went nB. put nC. asked frD. brke int
53. A. displayedB. admittedC. exchangedD. required
54. A. preferenceB. respnseC. emtinD. determinatin
55. A. chsingB. rderingC. encuragingD. Teaching
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. A 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. B 52. D 53. A 54. D 55. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一名吊车操作员格伦·爱德华兹在一次建筑工地火灾中英勇救援一名被困工人的事迹。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名在建筑工地工作的吊车操作员，当一场火灾发生时，爱德华兹意外地发现自己正在执行一项拯救生命的任务。A. engineer工程师；B. peratr操作员；C. cleaner清洁工；D. salesman售货员。根据下文“wrking n a cnstructin site(在建筑工地工作)”可知，爱德华兹应该是一位吊车“操作员”。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. regularly定期地；B. unfrtunately不幸地；C. intentinally故意地；D. unexpectedly出乎意料地。根据下文“fund himself in a life-saving missin (发现自己在执行拯救生命的任务)”可知，爱德华兹本是工地上一名吊车操作员，却发现自己正在执行一项救人的任务，所以此处应该是“意外地”。故选D项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回忆起他是如何从吊车的船舱里发现被困工人的，以及他是如何想出救这个人的主意的，他把一个笼子放下来让他逃脱。A. helped帮助；B. sptted发现；C. realized意识到；D. guided指导；根据空格后的the trapped wrker可知，此处应该是指“发现”被困的工人。故选B项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. escape逃跑；B. hide躲藏；C. walk步行；D. slide滑行；根据上文“hw he came up with the idea f saving the man (他是怎么想到救那个人的)”可知，此处应该是指把笼子放下来让那个人“逃跑”。故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他试图把笼子放置在那个人面前绝非易事，因为风会使他的吊车失去平衡。A. clean清理；B. cver覆盖；C. psitin放置；D. pen开放。根据下文“as the wind wuld thrw his crane ff balance (因为风会使他的吊车失去平衡)”可知，风会让吊车失去平衡，所以此处指把笼子“放置”在那人面前绝非易事。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临巨大的挑战，爱德华兹拒绝放弃，并努力保持控制权。A. Despite尽管；B. Withut没有；C. Fr为了；D. Frm来自。根据下文“Edwards refused t give up (爱德华兹拒绝放弃)”可知，此处上下文是让步关系，指“尽管”面临巨大挑战，爱德华兹拒绝放弃。故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. switch转变；B. maintain维持；C. lse丢失；D. give给。根据上文“Edwards refused t give up (爱德华兹拒绝放弃)”可知，爱德华兹不想放弃，所以此处应该是努力“保持”对吊车的控制。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，地面上有人通过无线电指导在哪里降落笼子。A. instructins指导；B. prblems问题；C. explanatins解释；D. curses过程。根据下文“where t land the cage thrugh a radi (通过无线电把笼子放在哪里)”可知，此处是指通过无线电“指导”。故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱德华兹一寸一寸地调整吊机的动作，直到笼子离屋顶边缘只有几英寸。A. quickened加快；B. described描述；C. adjusted调整；D. repeated重复。根据下文“until the cage hanged (盘旋) just inches frm the edge (直到笼子悬在离边缘只有几英寸的地方)”可知，此处应该是指“调整”吊车的动作。故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. dr门；B. garden花园；C. crane吊车；D. rf屋顶。根据第一段“Glen Edwards became a her when he rescued a cnstructin wrker trapped n tp f a 160-meter-high building.(格伦·爱德华兹拯救了一名被困在160米高楼顶的建筑工人，成为了英雄)”可知，工人被困在楼顶，所以应该是笼子悬挂在离“屋顶”边缘几英寸。故选D项。
【51题详解】
考查动名词词义辨析。句意：最后，爱德华兹看着笼子把这个人从下面可怕的大火中抬了出来，把他送到了安全的地方。A. persuading说服；B. lifting抬起；C. warning警告；D. dragging拖拽。根据上文“ Edwards ________ the crane’s mvements, inch by inch, until the cage hanged (盘旋) just inches frm the edge f the ________. ”可知，爱德华兹利用吊车将笼子放到了屋顶边缘，所以应该是看着笼子把被困人从大火中“抬出”来。故选B项。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：人群中爆发出一阵热烈的掌声，这是对爱德华兹表现出的勇气和技巧的致敬。A. went n继续；B. put n穿上；C. asked fr要求；D. brke int突然开始（某事）。根据下文“a tribute (致敬) t the curage and skill (这是对勇气和技巧的致敬)”可知，人们对爱德华兹致敬，所以应该是“突然爆发”热烈掌声。故选D项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：人群中爆发出一阵热烈的掌声，这是对爱德华兹表现出的勇气和技巧的致敬。A. displayed展示；B. admitted承认；C. exchanged交换；D. required要求。根据空格前的curage and skill可知，此处是指“被展示出来的”勇气和技巧。故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他知道，在灾难面前，是他敏捷的思维和坚定的决心决定了他的生死。A. preference偏爱；B. respnse响应；C. emtin情感；D. determinatin决心。根据上文“With determinatin, Edwards successfully landed the cage.(凭着决心，爱德华兹成功地把笼子着陆了)”可知，此处是指坚定的“决心”。故选D项。
【55题详解】
考查动名词词义辨析。句意：现在GFundMe网站已经建立了一个页面来为他筹集资金，组织者鼓励人们“给格伦买杯啤酒”来支持他的救命努力。A. chsing选择；B. rdering顺序；C. encuraging鼓励；D. Teaching教。根据下文“fr his life-saving effrts.(来支持他的救命努力)”可知，此处是指“鼓励”人们去支持。故选C项。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dragn Head-raising Day is celebrated n the secnd day f the secnd Chinese lunar mnth ____56____(shw) respect fr the dragn and pray fr gd weather fr farming and big harvest, ____57____ is cnsidered as the start f spring and farming. Dragn Head-raising Day has relatin with spring and farming. After the cld winter, spring cmes and animals are ____58____ (wake) , but because f the winter, the weather is dry and farming lacks water. T this climate phenmenn, there is a flk saying that ____59____ will rain when the dragn raise its head.
On that day, there ____60____(be) lts f cnventinal celebratin activities. First, in the early mrning, every family wuld light a lantern and g t a river r a well t fetch water and back hme, then light ____61____(candle) , burn incense (香) sticks and ffer a sacrifice. Secnd, peple wuld g t a temple ____62____ hnur f the dragn. Third, it is t have a haircut, which ____63____ (view) as a sign f gd luck. A saying tells that having a haircut n this day, yu wuld be energetic in the whle year. ____64____ (final) , there is a thing abut eating: eating lng and thin ndles _____65_____(call) Lngxumian (Dragn Beard Ndles) which has a symblic meaning-a lng life expectancy.
【答案】56. t shw 57. which 58. awake 59. it 60. are 61. candles 62. in 63. is viewed 64. Finally 65. called
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了龙抬头节，中国的农历二月二的风俗传统和庆祝方式。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：龙抬头节在中国农历二月的第二天庆祝，以表示对龙的尊敬，祈求农业好天气和大丰收，被认为是春天和农业的开始。分析句子可知，本空要用动词不定式t shw作目的状语。故填t shw。
【57题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：龙抬头节在中国农历二月的第二天庆祝，以表示对龙的尊敬，祈求农业好天气和大丰收，被认为是春天和农业的开始。分析句子可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的Dragn Head-raising Day，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which，故填which。
【58题详解】
考查形容词。句意：寒冷的冬天过后，春天来了，动物们醒了，但因为冬天，天气是干燥的，农业缺水。根据本空前的系动词are可知，此处应该填形容词，构成系表结构，动词wake表“醒来”，其同根形容词是awake“醒着的”。故填awake。
【59题详解】
考查代词。句意：对于这种气候现象，又一个民间谚语说龙抬起头就会下雨。根据句意，此处用it指代天气。故填it。
【60题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在那一天，有很多传统的庆祝活动。there be句型中的谓语动词单复数一般采用“就近原则”，与后面的名词保持人称和数的一致，后面的中心词是activities，所以要填复数形式，描述一般事实用一般现在时，故填are。
【61题详解】
考查名词单复数。句意：首先，在清晨，每个家庭都会点燃灯笼，去河边或井里取水回家，然后点燃蜡烛，烧香，献祭。candle是可数名词，根据句意，句中指很多蜡烛，应用复数形式。故填candles。
【62题详解】
考查介词和固定短语。句意：第二，人们会去寺庙来纪念龙。in hnur f是常见的介词短语，意为“向……表示敬意”。故填in。
【63题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：第三，要理发，这被视为好运的标志。根据本空前的is t have可知，此处要用一般现在时；关系代词which引导定语从句，指代主句中“have a haircut”这种行为，视为单数，与从句谓语动词view是被动关系，此处要用被动语态来表示“剃头被认为是好运的一个标志”，故填is viewed。
【64题详解】
考查副词。句意：最后，关于吃有一种说法：吃又长又细的叫做龙须面的面条，这种面条有一个象征意义——长寿。本空要用副词finally，修饰整个句子作状语，意为“最后”，另外，句首单词首字母大写。故填Finally。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，关于吃有一种说法：吃又长又细的叫做龙须面的面条，这种面条有一个象征意义——长寿。分析句子可知，call作定语修饰名词ndles，是非谓语动词，与逻辑主语ndles构成被动关系，所以要用过去分词作后置定语。故填called。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节(满分 15 分)
66. 假定你是李华，你校英语协会正在筹备中外学生篮球联谊赛(basketball friendship match)，现需要一名具有一定篮球知识的双语裁判员(bilingual referee)。请你给负责人写一封邮件申请做裁判，内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.个人优势。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir r Madam,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Sir r Madam,
Hearing that yu are lking fr a bilingual referee f this basketball friendship match, I am writing t apply fr the psitin. I think I am qualified fr this psitin fr the fllwing reasns.
Firstly, I have been a vlunteer in ur schl sprts meetings and am very familiar with the respnsibilities f a sprts referee. Besides, I am gd at English and Chinese and have mastered a lt f English rules and regulatins abut basketball. Lastly, I can slve the cnflicts between the tw sides well. I will ensure that the match is fair.
I am lking frward t hearing frm yu sn.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节(满分 25 分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In a very cld January, a puppy wandered arund Mr. Lacey’s huse, where he lived with his wife Mamie and their daughter Dris. Icicles (冰锥) hung three feet r mre frm the rfs f huses and snw swallwed up cars.
The puppy had been abandned, and it made its way dwn the rad tward the Laceys’ small huse, with its ears dwn and trembling frm shyness and cld. Dris, whse schl had been called ff because f the snw, was clearing the steps when she sptted the puppy n the rad.
“Cme n, little dg!” she called it ver. The puppy shyly wagged its tail when Dris apprached. As sn as Dris put the dg dwn in the kitchen, her mm, Mrs. Lacey, asked where the dg came frm. Mr. Lacey, wh was cleaning his fingernails with his pcketknife at the table, said, “I dn’t knw where it came frm, but I knw fr sure where it’s ging.” Dris hugged the puppy hard against her. She said nthing.
Because f the snwy weather, Mr. Lacey culdn’t take the puppy t the shelter right away. S, it stayed in the basement, and Dris fed it leftvers, even thugh her mm didn’t want t waste fd. Dris thught the puppy was arund six mnths ld and wuld be quite nisy smetimes. Surprisingly, the puppy behaved well, didn’t cry r make truble in the basement, and nly fllwed Dris upstairs when she invited it. Dris ften fund it n the basement steps listening t the kitchen talk and smelling the fd. She felt the puppy wanted cmpany.
Even after a week, Dris didn’t name the dg, knwing her parents wuldn’t let her keep it. Her father made s little mney that any pets were ut f the questin. Desperate t keep the dg, Dris tried t cnvince her parents by praising the dg’s gd behavir and expressing her lve fr it, but her parents didn’t give a definite answer.
Despite her effrts, Dris secretly wished the bad weather wuld never g away, fearing the puppy’s unavidable trip t the shelter. Hwever, nine days after the dg had arrived, the sun was shining.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dris knew it was time t say gdbye t the dg and felt rather wrried.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Dris put her hand t her muth and culdn’t believe what she had heard.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dris knew it was time t say gdbye t the dg and felt rather wrried. She was sitting alne in the living rm, hugging a pillw and rcking back and frth n the edge f a chair. She was trying nt t cry but she was nt strng enugh. Her face was wet and red, her eyes full f sadness. Just as Dris was at her lwest, her parents appeared frm the drway. With a smile n Mrs. Lacey’s face, she said, “Hney, Papa and I have agreed t keep the puppy as a part f ur family.”
Dris put her hand t her muth and culdn’t believe what she had heard. She lked at her parents surprisedly. “Dris, yu were right. He has brught s much happiness t us,” Mr. Lacey cntinued, “and I drve by the lcal animal shelter yesterday. The cnditins there are quite pr. We can’t leave him there.” Dris smiled with tears f happiness in her eyes and threw her arms arund her parents. She knew they nt nly embraced the puppy int their family but als gave him a chance at a much happier life.