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2023-2024学年河南省郑州市中原区名校联考高二（上）月考英语试卷（9月份）
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这是一份2023-2024学年河南省郑州市中原区名校联考高二（上）月考英语试卷（9月份），共22页。试卷主要包含了0分），5分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1．（7.5分）
The Admissin t University f Flrida
The general requirements belw apply t undergraduate admissin t any cllege r divisin f the university.Please understand the admissin t the university is selective.Only minimum requirements fr admissin are prvided；satisfactin f these minimums des nt guarantee admissin.
● Online applicatin fr admissin received by the Office f Admissins by the deadline.
●A satisfactry academic recrd.Applicants must prvide a cmplete recrd f schls which they attended.Failure t declare attendance at anther schl culd invalidate（使无效）an ffer f admissin and any credit r degree earned.
● Satisfactry scres n achievement r natural ability tests；the SAT，ACT r TOEFL.
●Applicants must identify a preferred term f enrllment（注册） n their applicatin.The applicatin may be cnsidered and the admissin may be ffered t terms ther than the preferred term specified n the applicatin.Applicants wh wish t change their term f entry shuld cntact the Office f Admissins immediately.
● Access t and nging use f a cmputer is required f all students.The university expects new students and cntinuing students t acquire cmputer hardware and sftware apprpriate t the degree prgram.
●Ntice f Admissin
When an applicatin fr admissin is apprved，the university will send a ntice f admissin fr a specific term.If the student is unable t enrll fr the term indicated r wishes t be cnsidered fr entrance t a different term，the Office f Admissins shuld be infrmed immediately.
（1）What have t be included in the applicatin？
A.The applicants' educatin experiences.
B.The cmments n University f Flrida.
C.The preparatins fr natural ability tests.
D.The minimum requirements fr admissin.
（2）What can the applicants d when applying fr the admissin？
A.Return their cmputers.
B.Change the term f enrllment.
C.Guarantee the satisfactin.
D.Design a ntice f admissin.
（3）In which sectin f a newspaper can yu read the text？
A.Technlgy.
B.Gegraphy.
C.Educatin.
D.Entertainment.
2．（10分） One summer day，as I was heading t the teaching building，I heard smene call my name.I turned arund and saw Philip，a cunselr at ur cllege，standing with anther yung man.Philip intrduced me t him，Stephen，and reminded me that Stephen wuld be taking ne f my classes.
Stephen lked at me.With a smewhat painful expressin，he asked if my class was ging t be hard and if he wuld be able t pass.I intrduced all the things that he wuld be expected t learn.As we talked，I saw Stephen's eyes getting big with fear.
I tld him t d all f his assignments，and t hand them in n time.Rather than being verwhelmed（压倒） by all f the wrk，I tld him the mst successful students made a master calendar f all the assignments s they culd plan their wrklad.
As the fall semester went n，I learned mre f Stephen's stry.It had taken him lnger t finish the assignments than mst yung peple.Family members，including his mther，kept reminding him that he was a failure.But he kept at it and didn't take them t heart.He tld me that befre cming t ur cllege，n ne believed he culd manage it.
Stephen didn't becme an A student.Hwever，he managed t pass mst f his curses by being in class every day，turning in all f his assignments n time and breaking dwn his studying int bite﹣sized parts.By passing curse after curse，he began t gain a measure f self﹣cnfidence.
On his graduatin day，he walked up t me，and said，"Thank yu."
（1）Accrding t Stephen's questins t the authr，what d we knw abut Stephen？
A．He had never been an A student.
B．He didn't want t attend the authr's class.
C．He wasn't very cnfident abut himself.
D．He culdn't pass the authr's exam.
（2）What can we learn abut the authr accrding t the passage？
A．He helped Stephen get an A in his class.
B．He tld Stephen hw t deal with his studies.
C．He didn't believe that Stephen culd study in cllege.
D．He wuldn't have met Stephen withut the intrductin f Philip.
（3）What des the passage mainly tell us abut Stephen？
A．He was an average student but hard﹣wrking.
B．He was a little stupid and didn't d well at schl.
C．He was far frm a tp student because f his failure.
D．He was an excellent student，but didn't have self﹣ cnfidence.
（4）What lessn can we learn frm the passage？
A．One bite at a time.
B．Lk befre yu leap.
C．Haste makes waste.
D．A gd beginning is half dne.
3．（10分）Nt lng ag，peple culd nly buy rganic fd in small shps.Tday it is cmmn in mst majr supermarkets.The reasn fr the increase is that mre and mre peple are demanding fd grwn withut chemicals.Since the 1990s，rganic farm prductin has gne up 20 percent every year.This pattern is expected t cntinue arund the glbe.
Australia leads the wrld in land used fr rganic agriculture.It has fur times as much land devted t rganic farming as all f Asia.Hwever，mst f the land is nt very fertile，and it nly prduces a mdest amunt f fd.Argentina is a distant secnd，fllwed by Brazil，the United States and China.In Africa，nly a very small amunt f land is registered fr rganic farming.That des nt mean Africa relies n chemicals.In fact，many farmers d nt use chemicals because they cannt affrd them.Yet there are n prgrams fr these farmers t prve they d nt use chemicals.Withut these prgrams their fd can never be apprved rganic.
India has had the mst dramatic recent increase in rganic farming.Like many ther cuntries，India sees cntinual grwth in rganic fd sales arund the wrld.This，f curse，leads t grwth in prfits.Sales f rganic fd were mre than dubled frm 2000 t 2005.Like India，many cuntries are trying t increase cmmercial rganic farming t get a share f the sales.This has led t criticism.Sme peple believe that rganic farming shuld nt just be abut making mney.They think the gal is t help the envirnment.Others say rganic farming will nt cntinue if it is nt prfitable.They say that peple shuld be able t make mney while prviding fd that is healthy t mankind.
（1）What is the passage mainly abut？
A.Cuntries all want t make mney frm rganic farming.
B.Organic fd has becme much mre cmmn.
C.Peple d nt want t eat fd with chemicals in it.
D.Farming rganically is grwing arund the wrld.
（2）Why d peple want t increase rganic farming？
A.Organic fd is gd fr the Earth and the human beings.
B.Mre and mre peple demand chemicals t grw fd.
C.Prfits frm rganic farming help make apprval prgrams.
D.There are fewer chemicals available t the human beings.
（3）Frm the passage，it can be said that .
A.China and India have the same amunt f rganic farmland
B.India uses the least land t farm rganically
C.the US is the furth largest rganic farming cuntry
D.Brazil uses less land t farm rganically than China
（4）It can be inferred frm the passage that .
A.there will be fewer rganic farms if demand fr rganic fd ges dwn
B.peple wh eat fd with chemicals have shrter lifespan
C.India will sn becme the largest grwer f rganic fd
D.mre cuntries will farm rganically as the envirnment gets wrse
4．（10分） Imagine a team f humans and rbts wrking tgether t prcess nline rders.Real﹣life wrkers strategically psitined amng their autmated cwrkers wh are mving intelligently back and frth in a warehuse （仓库）space，picking items fr shipping t the custmer.
This culd becme a reality sner r later thanks t researchers at the University f Missuri，wh are wrking t speed up the nline delivery prcess by develping a sftware mdel designed t make transprt rbts smarter.
"The rbtic technlgy already exists，" said Sharan Srinivas，wh specializes in data analytics and peratins research. "Our gal is t best apply this technlgy thrugh efficient planning.T d this，we're asking questins like 'given a list f items t pick，hw d yu ptimize （优化）the rute plan fr the human pickers and rbts？' r 'hw many items shuld a rbt pick in a given tur？' Likewise，we have a similar set f questins fr the human wrker.The mst challenging part is ptimizing the cllabratin plan between the human pickers and rbts."：
Currently，a lt f human effrt and labr csts are invlved with fulfilling nline rders.T help ptimize this prcess，rbtic cmpanies have already develped cperative rbts，als knwn as cbts r autnmus mbile rbts （AMRs），t wrk in a warehuse r distributin center.AMRs are equipped with sensrs and cameras t help them navigate（确定方向）arund a cntrlled space like a warehuse.
Srinivas said， "The rbt is intelligent，s if it's instructed t g t a particular lcatin，it can navigate the warehuse and nt hit any wrkers r ther bstacles alng the way.AMRs are nt designed t replace human wrkers，but instead can wrk cperatively alngside them t help increase the efficiency f the rder fulfillment prcess."
"The ne drawback is that these rbts d nt have gd grasping abilities，" said Srinivas. "But humans are gd at grasping items，s we are trying t balance the strength f bth resurces."
（1）What des the underlined wrd "cllabratin" in paragraph 3 mean？
A．Technlgy.
B．Similarity.
C．Explratin.
D．Cperatin.
（2）What is the functin f the sensrs equipped n AMRs？
A．T lk cl.
B．T sense warnings.
C．T direct AMRs' way.
D．T find human wrkers.
（3）What are AMRs bad at？
A．Jumping.
B．Climbing.
C．Walking.
D．Hlding.
（4）Which can be the best title fr the text？
A．The Simple Use f Rbts
B．Warehuse Wrkers and Rbts
C．Making Transprt Rbts Smarter
D．Transprt Rbts Invented by Sharan
5．（12.5分） Language is a part f culture and plays a very imprtant rle in it. （1） Yet language is nt the nly way t express ur ideas and feelings.Bdy mvement，eye cntact，gesture，and facial expressin are ther frms f language we call nnverbal cmmunicatin. （2） Accrding t Scial Anthrplgist，Edward T.Hall，in a nrmal cnversatin between tw persns，less than 15% f scial meaning is transmitted （传达） by wrds.
Different cultures have different ways f using nnverbal cmmunicatin and peple have different gestures t cnvey their expressins.Hwever，nnverbal cmmunicatin，like traffic，is nt randm （随意的）；it has a purpse. （3） Learning the different cmmn rules f bdy language in different cultures is very useful fr us t understand each ther better.
Peple cming frm the same culture share cmmn understanding by using the same bdy language such as eye management，facial expressins，gestures，and bdy mvements. （4） Fr example， "arms"，which are used little by Nrdics during a cnversatin，are an imprtant element in ne's cmmunicative weapnry （武器） in Italy，Spain，and Suth America. （5） In these cultures，ne shuld stand with feet pressed tgether and hands interlaced （交错） in frnt f the bdy.In cultures such as America，where yu ften stand with yur feet shulderlength apart，arms at yur side，standing in this fashin might be interpreted as being shy and insecure.
A．Misuse f bdy language can be unpleasant.
B．And there are cmmn rules t guide its flw.
C．Withut language，culture wuld nt be pssible.
D．Bdy language makes up the largest part f ur nnverbal cmmunicatin.
E．But in different cultures nnverbal cmmunicatin takes n different patterns.
F．If yu' re learning a new language，a great way is t watch mvies and TV shws.
G．In Africa，standing in a t "pen" fashin，means that yur psture might be inapprpriate.
语言知识运用 （共两节， 满分30分）
6．（15分） Are all inventrs scientists？N.Anyne can make an inventin if he r she has ideas and is （1） t try again and again until the inventin wrks.That's just （2） happened t James Murray Spangler in 1907.
Spangler was a cleaner at a department stre.He started t wrk every night after the （3） .He liked his jb，but it was a lt f wrk t clean all that space.He was （4） .He wished that here was a better way t clean the stre's flr.
Each night as he wrked，he （5） abut the prblem.What kind f machine culd he make？After a while，sme （6） frmed in his head.He fitted an ld bx，a tape，a pillwcase，an electric fan，a brm hand and a paint rller tgether.He tried it at hme.It （7） !At last，he decided t take his （8） t the stre.
A plice fficer was walking dwn the street when he saw Spangler using his inventin thrugh the windw.The fficer went t tell the wner that Spangler was ding smething with a （n） （9） machine that made a lt f nise.He thught Spangler had lst his （10） .
The wner rushed t the stre.He tld Spangler that he was （11） fr messing arund instead f ding his jb.Spangler tld him that he was ding his jb （12） than ever befre.He asked the shp wner t let him （13） hw his machine wrked. （14） ，the man agreed.He was shcked when Spangler mved his machine ver dirt and gum wrappers.They disappeared!Spangler had just built the first vacuum cleaner.The next year he （15） his inventin t a firm named Hver.Befre lng vacuum cleaners were as cmmn as stves in hmes.
7．（15分）阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 （1个单词） 或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Great Wall，running fr mre than 20，000 kilmeters，is a histrical landmark with wrldwide fame，but （1） （climb） it is hard.Everyne may have sme knwledge f it mre r less，while nly a handful may have the skill t （2） （physical） participate in its restratin （修复）.
Hwever，a WeChat miniprgram，Great Wall E﹣tur，is allwing every enthusiast t be a her in a virtual wrld，in （3） ne nt just visits the Great Wall，but als prtects it.S far the prgram （4） （attract） cnsiderable attentin and gt a large fan base.Arund 50，000 high definitin pictures f the Xipanjiaku site f the Great Wall are used t ffer users a （5） （remark） experience.
Liu Yuzhu，head f the China Fundatin fr Cultural Heritage Cnservatin，says "We made dcumentaries and published animated bks in the past.These are ppular，but the Great Wall is （6） cmplex structure and deserves mre attentin.S we tried smething new." Liu als adds， "A series f （7） （prgram） like urs have been launched in China，with a cmbinatin （8） public educatin and restratin f relics thrugh digitizatin." The Great Wall （9） （list） as a UNESCO Wrld Cultural Heritage site in 1987，the first f （10） （it） kind in China.
As a Chinese，I feel extremely prud.
书面表达 （共两节， 满分40分）
8．（15分）假定你是李华，你市将举办一场中国书法作品展。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Jim参加。内容包括：
（1）提出邀请；
（2）展出简介；
（3）期待回复。
注意：
（1）词数100左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：书法 calligraphy；书法家 calligrapher
Dear Jim，
Hw's it ging？___________
Yurs，
Li Hua
9．（25分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Hlidays are nt necessarily fr fun r rest.Ding smething meaningful can als gain special pleasure.When the final bell rang，the students were reminded that there was n schl n Mnday ﹣ the Labr Day. "Enjy yur extra day ff，" said the teacher t her class.An extra day f fun suited Kayla just fine.She lved breaks.She wanted t g ut t play with her friends.When the schl bus drpped Kayla ff，she ran int the huse happily.
"Hw was schl，Kayla？" asked her mm.Kayla's mm with a laugh.
Kayla slept in the next mrning.Saturday was her favrite day f the week.It rains mst f the day，s Kayla enjyed playing vide games inside.On Sunday，her friends came ver and they played basketball f several hurs.
Then it was Labr Day，yu knw，the extra day ff that Kayla was s lking frward t.But Kayla was awakened early that mrning by her dad.He tld Kayla that in hnr f Labr Day，the family wuld be cleaning bth inside and utside the huse.Kayla culdn't believe it.This was a hliday.A day when she was suppsed t be enjying freshly squeezed lemnade while playing in her tree huse.As Kayla wiped her eyes she began t wnder if this was just a bad dream.
"Kayla，yur breakfast is ready.We have a lt f wrk t d tday.Let's get a mve n，" said Kayla's mm.As she sat dwn at the kitchen table，Kayla asked her parents.
"Are yu serius abut wrking tday？Isn't Labr Day a hliday？"
"Yes，Kayla.It is，" replied her dad. "But yur mm and I thught wrking hard tday wuld make yu appreciate why Labr Day was bserved in the first place."
Paragraph 1：
At first，Kayla felt disappinted at her parents' plan fr the hliday.__________.
Paragraph 2：
But things began t change as she was ding the chres.__________.
2023-2024学年河南省郑州市中原区名校联考高二（上）月考英语试卷（9月份）
参考答案与试题解析
阅读理解 （共两节， 满分50.0分）
1．【分析】这段短文主要介绍了佛罗里达大学的入学要求和申请流程。申请者需要在截止日期前提交在线申请，并提供满意的学术记录。他们还需要在成就或自然能力测试（如SAT、ACT或TOEFL）中取得令人满意的分数。申请者必须在申请中指定首选入学学期，但也可以考虑其他学期的申请。所有学生都需要有计算机，并使用适合学位课程的硬件和软件。当申请被批准时，学校会发送入学通知，如果学生不能在指定学期入学或希望考虑其他学期入学，应立即通知招生办公室。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据Applicants must prvide a cmplete recrd f schls which they attended.（申请人必须提供所就读学校的完整记录。）可知申请者必须提供自己的教育经历。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据Applicants wh wish t change their term f entry shuld cntact the Office f Admissins immediately.（希望更改入学期限的申请人应立即与招生办公室联系。）可知申请者可以更改入学期限。故选B。
（3）文章出处题。通读全文可知这段短文主要介绍了佛罗里达大学的入学要求和申请流程，应属于教育方面的内容。故选C。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
2．【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者遇到的学生Stephen的故事。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Stephen lked at me.With a smewhat painful expressin，he asked if my class was ging t be hard and if he wuld be able t pass.（斯蒂芬看着我。他带着一种有点痛苦的表情，问我的课会不会很难，他能不能通过。）可知，斯蒂芬带着有点痛苦的表情问作者是否能够通过考试，由此推断斯蒂芬对自己没有自信。C．He wasn't very cnfident abut himself.（他对自己不太自信。）符合文意，故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段I tld him t d all f his assignments，and t hand them in n time.Rather than being verwhelmed（压倒） by all f the wrk，I tld him the mst successful students made a master calendar f all the assignments s they culd plan their wrklad.（ 我告诉他要完成所有的作业，并按时交上来。我告诉他，最成功的学生没有被所有的作业压垮，而是把所有的作业都做了一个主要学业的日历，这样他们就可以计划自己的工作量。）可知，作者告诉斯蒂芬如何处理他的学业，即完成所有的作业，并按时上交，不要被作业所压垮，而是要制定主要的学业日历。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Stephen didn't becme an A student.Hwever，he managed t pass mst f his curses by being in class every day，turning in all f his assignments n time and breaking dwn his studying int bite﹣sized parts.（斯蒂芬没有成为优等生。然而，他每天都按时上课，按时交作业，把学习分成小块，通过了大部分的课程。）以及By passing curse after curse，he began t gain a measure f self﹣cnfidence.（ 通过一门又一门的考试，他开始有了一定的自信。）可知，虽然斯蒂芬没有成为优等生，但是他按照作者的建议，按时完成自己的课业任务和作业，最后成功毕业，由此推断斯蒂芬是个普通的学生，但很用功。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据文章内容，讲述的是Stephen对自己的学业不太自信，担心课程会很难以及自己能否通过。作者告诉他要按时完成作业，并建议他制作一个学习计划表。尽管Stephen不是顶尖学生，但通过每天上课、按时提交作业和将学习任务分解为小部分，他终于通过了大部分课程，逐渐建立起自信心。最后成功地完成了学业。可知，Stephen成功的经验，一是学习刻苦，二是分解困难，各个击破。A.One bite at a time.（饭要一口一口吃，路要一步一步走。）符合文意，故选A。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。
3．【分析】本文介绍有机食品。有机食品有益于地球和人类，所以人们想增加有机耕作，目前世界各地都在提倡有机种植。
【解答】（1）D.主旨大意题。根据第一段最后两句Since the 1990s，rganic farm prductin has gne up 20 percent every year.This pattern is expected t cntinue arund the glbe.自20世纪90年代以来，有机农场产量每年增长20%。这种模式预计将在全球范围内继续下去。可知，世界各地有机农业生产在持续增长。纵观全文，这也是本文主题，故选D。
（2）A.推理判断题。根据第一段中Nt lng ag，peple culd nly buy rganic fd in small shps.Tday it is cmmn in mst majr supermarkets.The reasn fr the increase is that mre and mre peple are demanding fd grwn withut chemicals.不久前，人们只能在小商店里购买有机食品。如今，它在大多数大型超市都很常见。增长的原因是越来越多的人要求不含化学物质的食物。可知，有机食品有益于地球和人类，人们现在对没有化学品的有机食品需求持续增加，所以人们想增加有机种植。故选A。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据第二段中Australia leads the wrld in land used fr rganic agriculture.Argentina is a distant secnd，fllwed by Brazil，the United States and China.澳大利亚在用于有机农业的土地方面处于世界领先地位。阿根廷排在第二位，其次是巴西、美国和中国。可知，美国是第四大有机农业国家。故选C。
（4）A.推理判断题。根据最后一段中Like India，many cuntries are trying t increase cmmercial rganic farming t get a share f the sales.This has led t criticism. （像印度一样，许多国家都在努力增加商业有机农业以获得销售份额。）可推知，如果有机食品需求下降，有机农场就会减少。故选A。
【点评】1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析。
4．【分析】这篇文章讨论了人类和机器人合作处理在线订单的可能性。密苏里大学的研究人员正在开发一种软件模型，旨在使运输机器人更加智能，以加快在线交付过程。目前，完成在线订单需要大量的人力和劳动成本。为了优化这个过程，机器人公司已经开发出了合作机器人，也被称为自主移动机器人，它们配备有传感器和摄像头，可以在仓库或分发中心工作。然而，这些机器人的抓取能力不强，因此研究人员正在试图平衡人力和机器人的优势。
【解答】（1）词句猜测题。根据第四段T help ptimize this prcess，rbtic cmpanies have already develped cperative rbts，als knwn as cbts r autnmus mbile rbts （AMRs），t wrk in a warehuse r distributin center.（为了帮助优化这一过程，机器人公司已经开发了协作机器人，也被称为协作机器人或自主移动机器人（amr），在仓库或配送中心工作）可知，机器人公司为了优化这一过程，开发了协作机器人，而这一过程就是划线单词所在句子所提到的问题，所以可推测cllabratin应该是合作之意和D项Cperatin意思相近。A．Technlgy.科技；B．Similarity.相似性；C．Explratin.探索；D．Cperatin.合作。故选D项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段AMRs are equipped with sensrs and cameras t help them navigate（确定方向）arund a cntrlled space like a warehuse.（AMR配备了传感器和摄像头，以帮助它们在像仓库这样的受控空间内导航）可知，AMRs上配备的传感器的功能是指引方向。故选C项。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段"The ne drawback is that these rbts d nt have gd grasping abilities，" said Srinivas. "But humans are gd at grasping items，s we are trying t balance the strength f bth resurces.（"一个缺点是这些机器人没有很好的抓取能力，"斯里尼瓦斯说。"但人类擅长抓东西，所以我们正试图平衡这两种资源的优势。"）可知，AMRs的缺点是没有很好的抓取能力。故选D项。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段Imagine a team f humans and rbts wrking tgether t prcess nline rders.Real﹣life wrkers strategically psitined amng their autmated cwrkers wh are mving intelligently back and frth in a warehuse （仓库）space，picking items fr shipping t the custmer.（想象一下，一个由人类和机器人组成的团队共同处理在线订单。真实的员工策略性地定位于他们的自动化同事之间，这些自动化同事在仓库空间中智能地来回移动，挑选物品运送给客户）以及第二段This culd becme a reality sner r later thanks t researchers at the University f Missuri，wh are wrking t speed up the nline delivery prcess by develping a sftware mdel designed t make transprt rbts smarter.（这迟早会成为现实，这要感谢密苏里大学的研究人员，他们正在开发一种软件模型，旨在使运输机器人更智能，从而加快在线运输过程）可知，本文主要介绍了使运输机器人更加的智能，所以C项"Making Transprt Rbts Smarter（让运输机器人更智能）"是本文最好的标题。A．The Simple Use f Rbts机器人的简单使用；B．Warehuse Wrkers and Rbts仓库工人和机器人；C．Making Transprt Rbts Smarter让运输机器人更智能；D．Transprt Rbts Invented by Sharan沙朗发明的运输机器人。故选C项。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
5．【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了肢体语言可以帮助人们传递信息，但是同一种姿势可能会因文化不同而产生不同的含义。
【解答】 （1）细节理解题。根据上文Language is a part f culture and plays a very imprtant rle in it.（语言是文化的一部分，在文化中起着非常重要的作用。）可知，上文主要说明了语言的重要性，C项与上文中的"Language is a part f culture and plays a very imprtant rle in it."为顺承关系，指出了语言在文化中的重要性。C项中的language、culture与上文中的Language、culture为原词复现关系。C选项"Withut language，culture wuld nt be pssible.没有语言，就不可能有文化。"符合语境，故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据上文Bdy mvement，eye cntact，gesture，and facial expressin are ther frms f language we call nnverbal cmmunicatin.（身体动作、眼神交流、手势和面部表情是我们称之为非语言交流的其他形式的语言。）以及后文Accrding t Scial Anthrplgist，Edward T.Hall，in a nrmal cnversatin between tw persns，less than 15% f scial meaning is transmitted （传达） by wrds.（根据社会人类学家爱德华t霍尔的说法，在两人之间的正常对话中，只有不到15%的社会意义是通过语言传递的。）可知，本句对上文进行了进一步的解释说明，D项中的"nnverbal cmmunicatin"与上文中的"nnverbal cmmunicatin"为原词复现关系。此外，下文中引用的Edward T Hall的发现是对D项的进一步解释。D选项"Bdy language makes up the largest part f ur nnverbal cmmunicatin.肢体语言在我们的非语言交流中占了很大一部分。"符合语境，故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据上文Different cultures have different ways f using nnverbal cmmunicatin and peple have different gestures t cnvey their expressins.Hwever，nnverbal cmmunicatin，like traffic，is nt randm （随意的）；it has a purpse.（不同的文化有不同的使用非语言交流的方式，人们有不同的手势来表达他们的表情。然而，非语言交流，就像交通一样，不是随机的；它是有目的的。）可知，上文主要提到了非语言交流的方式是有目的的，故本句继续提到非语言交流背后的规则，B项中的"there are cmmn rules t guide its flw"与上文中的"is nt randm"相照应；its指代上文中的"nnverbal cmmunicatin"。B选项"And there are cmmn rules t guide its flw.有一些共同的规则来引导它的流动。"符合语境，故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据下文Fr example， "arms"，which are used little by Nrdics during a cnversatin，are an imprtant element in ne's cmmunicative weapnry （武器） in Italy，Spain，and Suth America.（例如，arms一词在北欧人的谈话中很少使用，但在意大利、西班牙和南美，它是交际武器的重要组成部分。）指出了同一个词语在不同文化中有不同的含义，可知，本句与上文为转折关系，指出非语言交际有不同的模式。E选项"But in different cultures nnverbal cmmunicatin takes n different patterns.但是在不同的文化中，非语言交际有不同的模式。"符合语境，故选E。
（5）细节理解题。根据后文In these cultures，ne shuld stand with feet pressed tgether and hands interlaced （交错） in frnt f the bdy.In cultures such as America，where yu ften stand with yur feet shulderlength apart，arms at yur side，standing in this fashin might be interpreted as being shy and insecure.（在这些文化中，一个人应该站在前面，两脚并拢，双手交叉。在像美国这样的文化中，你经常双脚分开站着，手臂放在身体两侧，这样站着可能会被理解为害羞和没有安全感。）可知，本句与下文为顺承关系，指出非洲文化中应使用的正确站姿。G项中的standing与下文中的stand及standing为原词复现关系。G选项"In Africa，standing in a t "pen" fashin，means that yur psture might be inapprpriate.在非洲，站得太'开放'意味着你的姿势可能不合适。"符合语境，故选G。
【点评】七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
语言知识运用 （共两节， 满分30分）
6．【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了詹姆斯•穆雷•斯潘格勒在1907年发明了第一台吸尘器的故事。
【解答】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.hesitant犹豫的；B.determined决心的；C.likely可能的；D.scared害怕的。句意：任何人都可以做出发明，只要他或她有想法，并决心一次又一次地尝试，直到发明成功。根据前文"try again and again"可知，只要他或她有想法，并决心一次又一次地尝试，任何人都可以做出发明。故选B。
（2）考查表语从句引导词及语境理解。A.which哪一个；B.hw如何；C.what什么；D.that那个。句意：这就是1907年发生在詹姆斯•默里•斯潘格勒身上的事情。根据"happened"可知，设空处引导的是表语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，意为"发生的什么"。故选C。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.clsing关闭；B.pening开放；C.managing管理；D.buying购买。句意：每晚打烊后他就开始工作。根据前文"He started t wrk every night"可知，夜间，在商店打烊后他开始工作。故选A。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.excited兴奋的；B.frightened害怕的；C.wrried担心的；D.tired疲倦的。句意：他累了。根据前文"it was a lt f wrk t clean all that space."可知，清理所有的空间是很费功夫的，所以他很疲劳。故选D。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.thught思考；B.argued争论；C.talked谈话；D.brught带来。句意：每天晚上工作时，他都会思考这个问题。根据后文"What kind f machine culd he make？"可知，他每天都在思考——到底应该制造什么样的机器解决该问题。故选A。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.items物品；B.ideas想法 C.arguments争论；D.prblems问题。句意：过了一会儿，他脑子里形成了一些想法。根据下文"in his head"可知，在他的脑子里形成了一些想法。故选B。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.wrked奏效；B.changed改变；C.stpped停止；D.arrived到达。句意：它奏效了。根据前文"He tried it at hme."以及"At last，he decided t take his（8）t the stre."可知，在经过尝试之后，他发明的设备奏效了，于是他把这个机器带到了商店。故选A。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.bx盒子；B.fan风扇；C.rller滚筒；D.machine机器。句意：最后，他决定把他的机器带到商店去。根据前文"What kind f machine culd he make？"可知，他将发明的机器带到了商店。故选D。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.ld老的；B.strange奇怪的；C.huge巨大的；D.special特别的。句意：警察去告诉店主斯潘格勒正在用一个奇怪的机器做什么，这个机器发出很大的噪音。根据前文"The fficer went t tell the wner that Spangler was ding smething"可知，警察去告诉店主斯潘格勒在做什么，是因为他看到潘格勒正在用奇怪的机器做一些事情。故选B。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.mind心思；B.time时间；C.life生活；D.jb工作。句意：他以为斯潘格勒疯了。根据前文"The fficer went t tell the wner that Spangler was ding smething with a （n） （9）machine that made a lt f nise."可知，警察去告诉店主斯潘格勒正在用一个奇怪的机器做一些事情，而这个机器发出很大的噪音，所以店主认为斯潘格勒一定是疯了。故选A。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.fund发现；B.hired雇佣；C.fired解雇；D.blamed责备。句意：他告诉斯潘格勒，他被解雇的原因是胡闹，而不是做他的工作。根据后文"fr messing arund instead f ding his jb."可知，因为胡闹，而没有做自己应该做的工作，所以潘格勒被告知解雇了。故选C。
（12）考查形容词及语境理解。A.better更好的；B.wrse更糟的；C.busier更忙的；D.slwer更慢的。句意：斯潘格勒告诉他，他的工作做得比以往任何时候都好。根据后文"He was shcked when Spangler mved his machine ver dirt and gum wrappers."可知，当斯潘格勒把机器移到泥土和口香糖包装纸上时，店主吓了一跳，由此斯潘格勒告诉店主他的工作比以往做的都更好。故选A。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.make制作；B.say说；C.intrduce介绍；D.shw展示。句意：他要求店主让他展示一下他的机器是如何工作的。根据后文"hw his machine wrked."可知，斯潘格勒要求店主让他展示一下他的机器是如何工作的。故选D。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.Angry生气的；B.Curius好奇的；C.Frightened害怕的；D.Pleased高兴的。句意：男人很好奇，同意了。根据前文"He asked the shp wner t let him（13）hw his machine wrked."可知，斯潘格勒要求店主让他展示一下他的机器是如何工作的，店主很好奇，所以同意了。故选B。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.brught带来；B.tk拿走；C.sld卖掉；D.gave给予。句意：第二年，他把自己的发明卖给了一家名叫胡佛的公司。根据下文"his inventin t a firm"可知，第二年，他把自己的发明卖给了一家名叫胡佛的公司。故选C。
【点评】近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
7．【分析】这是一篇说明文。攀登长城并非易事，保护长城更加困难。微信小程序"云游长城"通过虚拟现实技术将中国长城再现，使人们能够更加容易地游览并保护长城。文章对这款小程序进行了介绍。
【解答】（1）考查动名词。句意：长城全长2万多公里，是举世闻名的历史地标，但攀登它却很难。此处用动名词形式作主语。故填climbing。
（2）考查副词。句意：每个人都或多或少对它有所了解，但只有少数人有能力亲自参与修复。此处修饰动词participate，应用副词physically表示"亲自"，作状语。故填physically。
（3）考查定语从句。句意：然而，一款名为"长城E游"的微信小程序让每一位爱好者都能成为虚拟世界中的英雄，在这个虚拟世界里，人们不仅可以游览长城，还可以保护长城。空格处引导定语从句，先行词为a virtual wrld，在从句中作介词in的宾语，指物，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。
（4）考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，这个项目已经吸引了大量的关注和粉丝。时间状语为s far，此处应用现在完成时。主语是prgram，所以谓语用第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has attracted。
（5）考查形容词。句意：该网站使用了大约5万张西潘家口长城的高清图片，为用户提供了非凡的体验。此处应用形容词remarkable表示"非凡的"，作定语修饰名词experience。故填remarkable。
（6）考查冠词。句意：这些都很受欢迎，但长城是一个复杂的结构，值得更多的关注。结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，且cmplex为辅音音素开头的单词，所以不定冠词应用a。故填a。
（7）考查可数名词的复数。句意：刘还补充说："像我们这样的一系列项目已经在中国推出，通过数字化将公共教育和文物修复相结合。结合句意和a series f后可知，应用复数形式。故填prgrams。
（8）考查固定短语。句意：刘还补充说："像我们这样的一系列项目已经在中国推出，通过数字化将公共教育和文物修复相结合。a cmbinatin f表示"……的组合"，为固定短语，所以此处应用介词f。故填f。
（9）考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：1987年，长城被联合国教科文组织列入世界文化遗产名录，这是中国同类中的首例。时间状语为in 1987，此处应用一般过去时。主语为The Great Wall，且与list之间是被动关系。故填was listed。
（10）考查形容词性物主代词。句意：1987年，长城被联合国教科文组织列入世界文化遗产名录，这是中国同类中的首例。此处用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词kind，故填its。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
书面表达 （共两节， 满分40分）
8．【分析】高分句型一
The event lasts frm 9 am t 5 pm，when many wrks frm famus calligraphers will be n shw.
翻译：活动从上午9点持续到下午5点，届时将展出许多著名书法家的作品。
分析：句子里，关系词when引导非限制性定语从句many wrks frm famus calligraphers will be n shw。
高分句型二
Anyne interested is welcme t visit fr free.
翻译：任何有兴趣的人都欢迎去免费观看。
分析：句子里，形容词interested作Anyne的后置定语。
【解答】Dear Jim，
Hw's it ging？Knwing yu are fnd f the traditinal Chinese culture，I am writing t invite yu t attend the Exhibitin f Chinese Calligraphy with me，which is t be held in the Art Center in ur city next Sunday.（提出邀请）
The event lasts frm 9 am t 5 pm，when many wrks frm famus calligraphers will be n shw.【高分句型一】Anyne interested is welcme t visit fr free.【高分句型二】I think this is a gd chance fr yu t experience the traditinal Chinese culture.If yu are interested，we can g tgether.（展出简介）
Lking frward t yur early reply.（期盼回复）
Yurs，
Li Hua
【点评】写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
9．【分析】本文主要记叙了本来以为劳动节放假可以休息的Kayla，早上被爸爸吵醒，告诉她为了庆祝劳动节，全家会打扫屋子内外。Kayla不明白，父亲告诉她这么做是为了让她明白劳动节的由来。
高分句型一：Hw eagerly she wanted t g t ut t play with her friends!
翻译：她有多想和朋友出去玩！
分析：运用了感叹句。
高分句型二：When she finished her meaningful chres，Kayla enjyed relaxing in her tree huse.
翻译：做完有意义的家务后，凯拉喜欢在树屋里放松。
分析：运用了when引导的时间状语从句。
【解答】Paragraph1：
At first，Kayla felt disappinted at her parents'plan fr the hliday.Hw eagerly she wanted t g t ut t play with her friends! 【高分句型一】She was against the annying plan frm the bttm f her heart，but she had n chice.First，Kayla was arranged t wash the breakfast dishes.After that，she was asked t give their puppy a bath.She knew it was a hard task，which needed a lt f tiring，careful and patient wrk.She has begun the wrk with great unwillingness.（讲述Kayla内心对这个计划的看法，她虽然反对，但是也别无选择。讲述了Kayla做家务的经过。）
Paragraph 2：
But things began t change as she was ding the chres.Brushing the puppy，she fund it was a lt f fun with s many sap bubbles.Then it was n t yard wrk where Kayla helped t pick up sticks.She pretended the small sticks were basketballs，and sht them int a large trash can.S the wrk was dne with great pleasure.Kayla felt prud t see hw much better the yard lked.When she finished her meaningful chres，Kayla enjyed relaxing in her tree huse. 【高分句型二】The lemnade tasted wnderful after a hard day f wrk.（描写Kayla在做家务过程中的感受，她发现了做家务的乐趣，觉得做家务有意义。）
【点评】解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
（5）关键用词，标出续写部分中使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语这一点可以帮助考生自己检查关键词的使用情况并根据情况做出修改。最后在誊写文字时，务必做到"字迹工整、清晰"。（1）
A.hesitant
B.determined
C.likely
D.scared
（2）
A.which
B.hw
C.what
D.that
（3）
A.clsing
B.pening
C.managing
D.buying
（4）
A.excited
B.frightened
C.wrried
D.tired
（5）
A.thught
B.argued
C.talked
D.brught
（6）
A.items
B.ideas
C.arguments
D.prblems
（7）
A.wrked
B.changed
C.stpped
D.arrived
（8）
A.bx
B.fan
C.rller
D.machine
（9）
A.ld
B.strange
C.huge
D.special
（10）
A.mind
B.time
C.life
D.jb
（11）
A.fund
B.hired
C.fired
D.blamed
（12）
A.better
B.wrse
C.busier
D.slwer
（13）
A.make
B.say
C.intrduce
D.shw
（14）
A.Angry
B.Curius
C.Frightened
D.Pleased
（15）
A.brught
B.tk
C.sld
D.gave
1．（7.5分）
The Admissin t University f Flrida
The general requirements belw apply t undergraduate admissin t any cllege r divisin f the university.Please understand the admissin t the university is selective.Only minimum requirements fr admissin are prvided；satisfactin f these minimums des nt guarantee admissin.
● Online applicatin fr admissin received by the Office f Admissins by the deadline.
●A satisfactry academic recrd.Applicants must prvide a cmplete recrd f schls which they attended.Failure t declare attendance at anther schl culd invalidate（使无效）an ffer f admissin and any credit r degree earned.
● Satisfactry scres n achievement r natural ability tests；the SAT，ACT r TOEFL.
●Applicants must identify a preferred term f enrllment（注册） n their applicatin.The applicatin may be cnsidered and the admissin may be ffered t terms ther than the preferred term specified n the applicatin.Applicants wh wish t change their term f entry shuld cntact the Office f Admissins immediately.
● Access t and nging use f a cmputer is required f all students.The university expects new students and cntinuing students t acquire cmputer hardware and sftware apprpriate t the degree prgram.
●Ntice f Admissin
When an applicatin fr admissin is apprved，the university will send a ntice f admissin fr a specific term.If the student is unable t enrll fr the term indicated r wishes t be cnsidered fr entrance t a different term，the Office f Admissins shuld be infrmed immediately.
（1）What have t be included in the applicatin？
A.The applicants' educatin experiences.
B.The cmments n University f Flrida.
C.The preparatins fr natural ability tests.
D.The minimum requirements fr admissin.
（2）What can the applicants d when applying fr the admissin？
A.Return their cmputers.
B.Change the term f enrllment.
C.Guarantee the satisfactin.
D.Design a ntice f admissin.
（3）In which sectin f a newspaper can yu read the text？
A.Technlgy.
B.Gegraphy.
C.Educatin.
D.Entertainment.
2．（10分） One summer day，as I was heading t the teaching building，I heard smene call my name.I turned arund and saw Philip，a cunselr at ur cllege，standing with anther yung man.Philip intrduced me t him，Stephen，and reminded me that Stephen wuld be taking ne f my classes.
Stephen lked at me.With a smewhat painful expressin，he asked if my class was ging t be hard and if he wuld be able t pass.I intrduced all the things that he wuld be expected t learn.As we talked，I saw Stephen's eyes getting big with fear.
I tld him t d all f his assignments，and t hand them in n time.Rather than being verwhelmed（压倒） by all f the wrk，I tld him the mst successful students made a master calendar f all the assignments s they culd plan their wrklad.
As the fall semester went n，I learned mre f Stephen's stry.It had taken him lnger t finish the assignments than mst yung peple.Family members，including his mther，kept reminding him that he was a failure.But he kept at it and didn't take them t heart.He tld me that befre cming t ur cllege，n ne believed he culd manage it.
Stephen didn't becme an A student.Hwever，he managed t pass mst f his curses by being in class every day，turning in all f his assignments n time and breaking dwn his studying int bite﹣sized parts.By passing curse after curse，he began t gain a measure f self﹣cnfidence.
On his graduatin day，he walked up t me，and said，"Thank yu."
（1）Accrding t Stephen's questins t the authr，what d we knw abut Stephen？
A．He had never been an A student.
B．He didn't want t attend the authr's class.
C．He wasn't very cnfident abut himself.
D．He culdn't pass the authr's exam.
（2）What can we learn abut the authr accrding t the passage？
A．He helped Stephen get an A in his class.
B．He tld Stephen hw t deal with his studies.
C．He didn't believe that Stephen culd study in cllege.
D．He wuldn't have met Stephen withut the intrductin f Philip.
（3）What des the passage mainly tell us abut Stephen？
A．He was an average student but hard﹣wrking.
B．He was a little stupid and didn't d well at schl.
C．He was far frm a tp student because f his failure.
D．He was an excellent student，but didn't have self﹣ cnfidence.
（4）What lessn can we learn frm the passage？
A．One bite at a time.
B．Lk befre yu leap.
C．Haste makes waste.
D．A gd beginning is half dne.
3．（10分）Nt lng ag，peple culd nly buy rganic fd in small shps.Tday it is cmmn in mst majr supermarkets.The reasn fr the increase is that mre and mre peple are demanding fd grwn withut chemicals.Since the 1990s，rganic farm prductin has gne up 20 percent every year.This pattern is expected t cntinue arund the glbe.
Australia leads the wrld in land used fr rganic agriculture.It has fur times as much land devted t rganic farming as all f Asia.Hwever，mst f the land is nt very fertile，and it nly prduces a mdest amunt f fd.Argentina is a distant secnd，fllwed by Brazil，the United States and China.In Africa，nly a very small amunt f land is registered fr rganic farming.That des nt mean Africa relies n chemicals.In fact，many farmers d nt use chemicals because they cannt affrd them.Yet there are n prgrams fr these farmers t prve they d nt use chemicals.Withut these prgrams their fd can never be apprved rganic.
India has had the mst dramatic recent increase in rganic farming.Like many ther cuntries，India sees cntinual grwth in rganic fd sales arund the wrld.This，f curse，leads t grwth in prfits.Sales f rganic fd were mre than dubled frm 2000 t 2005.Like India，many cuntries are trying t increase cmmercial rganic farming t get a share f the sales.This has led t criticism.Sme peple believe that rganic farming shuld nt just be abut making mney.They think the gal is t help the envirnment.Others say rganic farming will nt cntinue if it is nt prfitable.They say that peple shuld be able t make mney while prviding fd that is healthy t mankind.
（1）What is the passage mainly abut？
A.Cuntries all want t make mney frm rganic farming.
B.Organic fd has becme much mre cmmn.
C.Peple d nt want t eat fd with chemicals in it.
D.Farming rganically is grwing arund the wrld.
（2）Why d peple want t increase rganic farming？
A.Organic fd is gd fr the Earth and the human beings.
B.Mre and mre peple demand chemicals t grw fd.
C.Prfits frm rganic farming help make apprval prgrams.
D.There are fewer chemicals available t the human beings.
（3）Frm the passage，it can be said that .
A.China and India have the same amunt f rganic farmland
B.India uses the least land t farm rganically
C.the US is the furth largest rganic farming cuntry
D.Brazil uses less land t farm rganically than China
（4）It can be inferred frm the passage that .
A.there will be fewer rganic farms if demand fr rganic fd ges dwn
B.peple wh eat fd with chemicals have shrter lifespan
C.India will sn becme the largest grwer f rganic fd
D.mre cuntries will farm rganically as the envirnment gets wrse
4．（10分） Imagine a team f humans and rbts wrking tgether t prcess nline rders.Real﹣life wrkers strategically psitined amng their autmated cwrkers wh are mving intelligently back and frth in a warehuse （仓库）space，picking items fr shipping t the custmer.
This culd becme a reality sner r later thanks t researchers at the University f Missuri，wh are wrking t speed up the nline delivery prcess by develping a sftware mdel designed t make transprt rbts smarter.
"The rbtic technlgy already exists，" said Sharan Srinivas，wh specializes in data analytics and peratins research. "Our gal is t best apply this technlgy thrugh efficient planning.T d this，we're asking questins like 'given a list f items t pick，hw d yu ptimize （优化）the rute plan fr the human pickers and rbts？' r 'hw many items shuld a rbt pick in a given tur？' Likewise，we have a similar set f questins fr the human wrker.The mst challenging part is ptimizing the cllabratin plan between the human pickers and rbts."：
Currently，a lt f human effrt and labr csts are invlved with fulfilling nline rders.T help ptimize this prcess，rbtic cmpanies have already develped cperative rbts，als knwn as cbts r autnmus mbile rbts （AMRs），t wrk in a warehuse r distributin center.AMRs are equipped with sensrs and cameras t help them navigate（确定方向）arund a cntrlled space like a warehuse.
Srinivas said， "The rbt is intelligent，s if it's instructed t g t a particular lcatin，it can navigate the warehuse and nt hit any wrkers r ther bstacles alng the way.AMRs are nt designed t replace human wrkers，but instead can wrk cperatively alngside them t help increase the efficiency f the rder fulfillment prcess."
"The ne drawback is that these rbts d nt have gd grasping abilities，" said Srinivas. "But humans are gd at grasping items，s we are trying t balance the strength f bth resurces."
（1）What des the underlined wrd "cllabratin" in paragraph 3 mean？
A．Technlgy.
B．Similarity.
C．Explratin.
D．Cperatin.
（2）What is the functin f the sensrs equipped n AMRs？
A．T lk cl.
B．T sense warnings.
C．T direct AMRs' way.
D．T find human wrkers.
（3）What are AMRs bad at？
A．Jumping.
B．Climbing.
C．Walking.
D．Hlding.
（4）Which can be the best title fr the text？
A．The Simple Use f Rbts
B．Warehuse Wrkers and Rbts
C．Making Transprt Rbts Smarter
D．Transprt Rbts Invented by Sharan
5．（12.5分） Language is a part f culture and plays a very imprtant rle in it. （1） Yet language is nt the nly way t express ur ideas and feelings.Bdy mvement，eye cntact，gesture，and facial expressin are ther frms f language we call nnverbal cmmunicatin. （2） Accrding t Scial Anthrplgist，Edward T.Hall，in a nrmal cnversatin between tw persns，less than 15% f scial meaning is transmitted （传达） by wrds.
Different cultures have different ways f using nnverbal cmmunicatin and peple have different gestures t cnvey their expressins.Hwever，nnverbal cmmunicatin，like traffic，is nt randm （随意的）；it has a purpse. （3） Learning the different cmmn rules f bdy language in different cultures is very useful fr us t understand each ther better.
Peple cming frm the same culture share cmmn understanding by using the same bdy language such as eye management，facial expressins，gestures，and bdy mvements. （4） Fr example， "arms"，which are used little by Nrdics during a cnversatin，are an imprtant element in ne's cmmunicative weapnry （武器） in Italy，Spain，and Suth America. （5） In these cultures，ne shuld stand with feet pressed tgether and hands interlaced （交错） in frnt f the bdy.In cultures such as America，where yu ften stand with yur feet shulderlength apart，arms at yur side，standing in this fashin might be interpreted as being shy and insecure.
A．Misuse f bdy language can be unpleasant.
B．And there are cmmn rules t guide its flw.
C．Withut language，culture wuld nt be pssible.
D．Bdy language makes up the largest part f ur nnverbal cmmunicatin.
E．But in different cultures nnverbal cmmunicatin takes n different patterns.
F．If yu' re learning a new language，a great way is t watch mvies and TV shws.
G．In Africa，standing in a t "pen" fashin，means that yur psture might be inapprpriate.
语言知识运用 （共两节， 满分30分）
6．（15分） Are all inventrs scientists？N.Anyne can make an inventin if he r she has ideas and is （1） t try again and again until the inventin wrks.That's just （2） happened t James Murray Spangler in 1907.
Spangler was a cleaner at a department stre.He started t wrk every night after the （3） .He liked his jb，but it was a lt f wrk t clean all that space.He was （4） .He wished that here was a better way t clean the stre's flr.
Each night as he wrked，he （5） abut the prblem.What kind f machine culd he make？After a while，sme （6） frmed in his head.He fitted an ld bx，a tape，a pillwcase，an electric fan，a brm hand and a paint rller tgether.He tried it at hme.It （7） !At last，he decided t take his （8） t the stre.
A plice fficer was walking dwn the street when he saw Spangler using his inventin thrugh the windw.The fficer went t tell the wner that Spangler was ding smething with a （n） （9） machine that made a lt f nise.He thught Spangler had lst his （10） .
The wner rushed t the stre.He tld Spangler that he was （11） fr messing arund instead f ding his jb.Spangler tld him that he was ding his jb （12） than ever befre.He asked the shp wner t let him （13） hw his machine wrked. （14） ，the man agreed.He was shcked when Spangler mved his machine ver dirt and gum wrappers.They disappeared!Spangler had just built the first vacuum cleaner.The next year he （15） his inventin t a firm named Hver.Befre lng vacuum cleaners were as cmmn as stves in hmes.
7．（15分）阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 （1个单词） 或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Great Wall，running fr mre than 20，000 kilmeters，is a histrical landmark with wrldwide fame，but （1） （climb） it is hard.Everyne may have sme knwledge f it mre r less，while nly a handful may have the skill t （2） （physical） participate in its restratin （修复）.
Hwever，a WeChat miniprgram，Great Wall E﹣tur，is allwing every enthusiast t be a her in a virtual wrld，in （3） ne nt just visits the Great Wall，but als prtects it.S far the prgram （4） （attract） cnsiderable attentin and gt a large fan base.Arund 50，000 high definitin pictures f the Xipanjiaku site f the Great Wall are used t ffer users a （5） （remark） experience.
Liu Yuzhu，head f the China Fundatin fr Cultural Heritage Cnservatin，says "We made dcumentaries and published animated bks in the past.These are ppular，but the Great Wall is （6） cmplex structure and deserves mre attentin.S we tried smething new." Liu als adds， "A series f （7） （prgram） like urs have been launched in China，with a cmbinatin （8） public educatin and restratin f relics thrugh digitizatin." The Great Wall （9） （list） as a UNESCO Wrld Cultural Heritage site in 1987，the first f （10） （it） kind in China.
As a Chinese，I feel extremely prud.
书面表达 （共两节， 满分40分）
8．（15分）假定你是李华，你市将举办一场中国书法作品展。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Jim参加。内容包括：
（1）提出邀请；
（2）展出简介；
（3）期待回复。
注意：
（1）词数100左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：书法 calligraphy；书法家 calligrapher
Dear Jim，
Hw's it ging？___________
Yurs，
Li Hua
9．（25分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Hlidays are nt necessarily fr fun r rest.Ding smething meaningful can als gain special pleasure.When the final bell rang，the students were reminded that there was n schl n Mnday ﹣ the Labr Day. "Enjy yur extra day ff，" said the teacher t her class.An extra day f fun suited Kayla just fine.She lved breaks.She wanted t g ut t play with her friends.When the schl bus drpped Kayla ff，she ran int the huse happily.
"Hw was schl，Kayla？" asked her mm.Kayla's mm with a laugh.
Kayla slept in the next mrning.Saturday was her favrite day f the week.It rains mst f the day，s Kayla enjyed playing vide games inside.On Sunday，her friends came ver and they played basketball f several hurs.
Then it was Labr Day，yu knw，the extra day ff that Kayla was s lking frward t.But Kayla was awakened early that mrning by her dad.He tld Kayla that in hnr f Labr Day，the family wuld be cleaning bth inside and utside the huse.Kayla culdn't believe it.This was a hliday.A day when she was suppsed t be enjying freshly squeezed lemnade while playing in her tree huse.As Kayla wiped her eyes she began t wnder if this was just a bad dream.
"Kayla，yur breakfast is ready.We have a lt f wrk t d tday.Let's get a mve n，" said Kayla's mm.As she sat dwn at the kitchen table，Kayla asked her parents.
"Are yu serius abut wrking tday？Isn't Labr Day a hliday？"
"Yes，Kayla.It is，" replied her dad. "But yur mm and I thught wrking hard tday wuld make yu appreciate why Labr Day was bserved in the first place."
Paragraph 1：
At first，Kayla felt disappinted at her parents' plan fr the hliday.__________.
Paragraph 2：
But things began t change as she was ding the chres.__________.
2023-2024学年河南省郑州市中原区名校联考高二（上）月考英语试卷（9月份）
参考答案与试题解析
阅读理解 （共两节， 满分50.0分）
1．【分析】这段短文主要介绍了佛罗里达大学的入学要求和申请流程。申请者需要在截止日期前提交在线申请，并提供满意的学术记录。他们还需要在成就或自然能力测试（如SAT、ACT或TOEFL）中取得令人满意的分数。申请者必须在申请中指定首选入学学期，但也可以考虑其他学期的申请。所有学生都需要有计算机，并使用适合学位课程的硬件和软件。当申请被批准时，学校会发送入学通知，如果学生不能在指定学期入学或希望考虑其他学期入学，应立即通知招生办公室。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据Applicants must prvide a cmplete recrd f schls which they attended.（申请人必须提供所就读学校的完整记录。）可知申请者必须提供自己的教育经历。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据Applicants wh wish t change their term f entry shuld cntact the Office f Admissins immediately.（希望更改入学期限的申请人应立即与招生办公室联系。）可知申请者可以更改入学期限。故选B。
（3）文章出处题。通读全文可知这段短文主要介绍了佛罗里达大学的入学要求和申请流程，应属于教育方面的内容。故选C。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
2．【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者遇到的学生Stephen的故事。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Stephen lked at me.With a smewhat painful expressin，he asked if my class was ging t be hard and if he wuld be able t pass.（斯蒂芬看着我。他带着一种有点痛苦的表情，问我的课会不会很难，他能不能通过。）可知，斯蒂芬带着有点痛苦的表情问作者是否能够通过考试，由此推断斯蒂芬对自己没有自信。C．He wasn't very cnfident abut himself.（他对自己不太自信。）符合文意，故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段I tld him t d all f his assignments，and t hand them in n time.Rather than being verwhelmed（压倒） by all f the wrk，I tld him the mst successful students made a master calendar f all the assignments s they culd plan their wrklad.（ 我告诉他要完成所有的作业，并按时交上来。我告诉他，最成功的学生没有被所有的作业压垮，而是把所有的作业都做了一个主要学业的日历，这样他们就可以计划自己的工作量。）可知，作者告诉斯蒂芬如何处理他的学业，即完成所有的作业，并按时上交，不要被作业所压垮，而是要制定主要的学业日历。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Stephen didn't becme an A student.Hwever，he managed t pass mst f his curses by being in class every day，turning in all f his assignments n time and breaking dwn his studying int bite﹣sized parts.（斯蒂芬没有成为优等生。然而，他每天都按时上课，按时交作业，把学习分成小块，通过了大部分的课程。）以及By passing curse after curse，he began t gain a measure f self﹣cnfidence.（ 通过一门又一门的考试，他开始有了一定的自信。）可知，虽然斯蒂芬没有成为优等生，但是他按照作者的建议，按时完成自己的课业任务和作业，最后成功毕业，由此推断斯蒂芬是个普通的学生，但很用功。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据文章内容，讲述的是Stephen对自己的学业不太自信，担心课程会很难以及自己能否通过。作者告诉他要按时完成作业，并建议他制作一个学习计划表。尽管Stephen不是顶尖学生，但通过每天上课、按时提交作业和将学习任务分解为小部分，他终于通过了大部分课程，逐渐建立起自信心。最后成功地完成了学业。可知，Stephen成功的经验，一是学习刻苦，二是分解困难，各个击破。A.One bite at a time.（饭要一口一口吃，路要一步一步走。）符合文意，故选A。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。
3．【分析】本文介绍有机食品。有机食品有益于地球和人类，所以人们想增加有机耕作，目前世界各地都在提倡有机种植。
【解答】（1）D.主旨大意题。根据第一段最后两句Since the 1990s，rganic farm prductin has gne up 20 percent every year.This pattern is expected t cntinue arund the glbe.自20世纪90年代以来，有机农场产量每年增长20%。这种模式预计将在全球范围内继续下去。可知，世界各地有机农业生产在持续增长。纵观全文，这也是本文主题，故选D。
（2）A.推理判断题。根据第一段中Nt lng ag，peple culd nly buy rganic fd in small shps.Tday it is cmmn in mst majr supermarkets.The reasn fr the increase is that mre and mre peple are demanding fd grwn withut chemicals.不久前，人们只能在小商店里购买有机食品。如今，它在大多数大型超市都很常见。增长的原因是越来越多的人要求不含化学物质的食物。可知，有机食品有益于地球和人类，人们现在对没有化学品的有机食品需求持续增加，所以人们想增加有机种植。故选A。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据第二段中Australia leads the wrld in land used fr rganic agriculture.Argentina is a distant secnd，fllwed by Brazil，the United States and China.澳大利亚在用于有机农业的土地方面处于世界领先地位。阿根廷排在第二位，其次是巴西、美国和中国。可知，美国是第四大有机农业国家。故选C。
（4）A.推理判断题。根据最后一段中Like India，many cuntries are trying t increase cmmercial rganic farming t get a share f the sales.This has led t criticism. （像印度一样，许多国家都在努力增加商业有机农业以获得销售份额。）可推知，如果有机食品需求下降，有机农场就会减少。故选A。
【点评】1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析。
4．【分析】这篇文章讨论了人类和机器人合作处理在线订单的可能性。密苏里大学的研究人员正在开发一种软件模型，旨在使运输机器人更加智能，以加快在线交付过程。目前，完成在线订单需要大量的人力和劳动成本。为了优化这个过程，机器人公司已经开发出了合作机器人，也被称为自主移动机器人，它们配备有传感器和摄像头，可以在仓库或分发中心工作。然而，这些机器人的抓取能力不强，因此研究人员正在试图平衡人力和机器人的优势。
【解答】（1）词句猜测题。根据第四段T help ptimize this prcess，rbtic cmpanies have already develped cperative rbts，als knwn as cbts r autnmus mbile rbts （AMRs），t wrk in a warehuse r distributin center.（为了帮助优化这一过程，机器人公司已经开发了协作机器人，也被称为协作机器人或自主移动机器人（amr），在仓库或配送中心工作）可知，机器人公司为了优化这一过程，开发了协作机器人，而这一过程就是划线单词所在句子所提到的问题，所以可推测cllabratin应该是合作之意和D项Cperatin意思相近。A．Technlgy.科技；B．Similarity.相似性；C．Explratin.探索；D．Cperatin.合作。故选D项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段AMRs are equipped with sensrs and cameras t help them navigate（确定方向）arund a cntrlled space like a warehuse.（AMR配备了传感器和摄像头，以帮助它们在像仓库这样的受控空间内导航）可知，AMRs上配备的传感器的功能是指引方向。故选C项。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段"The ne drawback is that these rbts d nt have gd grasping abilities，" said Srinivas. "But humans are gd at grasping items，s we are trying t balance the strength f bth resurces.（"一个缺点是这些机器人没有很好的抓取能力，"斯里尼瓦斯说。"但人类擅长抓东西，所以我们正试图平衡这两种资源的优势。"）可知，AMRs的缺点是没有很好的抓取能力。故选D项。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段Imagine a team f humans and rbts wrking tgether t prcess nline rders.Real﹣life wrkers strategically psitined amng their autmated cwrkers wh are mving intelligently back and frth in a warehuse （仓库）space，picking items fr shipping t the custmer.（想象一下，一个由人类和机器人组成的团队共同处理在线订单。真实的员工策略性地定位于他们的自动化同事之间，这些自动化同事在仓库空间中智能地来回移动，挑选物品运送给客户）以及第二段This culd becme a reality sner r later thanks t researchers at the University f Missuri，wh are wrking t speed up the nline delivery prcess by develping a sftware mdel designed t make transprt rbts smarter.（这迟早会成为现实，这要感谢密苏里大学的研究人员，他们正在开发一种软件模型，旨在使运输机器人更智能，从而加快在线运输过程）可知，本文主要介绍了使运输机器人更加的智能，所以C项"Making Transprt Rbts Smarter（让运输机器人更智能）"是本文最好的标题。A．The Simple Use f Rbts机器人的简单使用；B．Warehuse Wrkers and Rbts仓库工人和机器人；C．Making Transprt Rbts Smarter让运输机器人更智能；D．Transprt Rbts Invented by Sharan沙朗发明的运输机器人。故选C项。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
5．【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了肢体语言可以帮助人们传递信息，但是同一种姿势可能会因文化不同而产生不同的含义。
【解答】 （1）细节理解题。根据上文Language is a part f culture and plays a very imprtant rle in it.（语言是文化的一部分，在文化中起着非常重要的作用。）可知，上文主要说明了语言的重要性，C项与上文中的"Language is a part f culture and plays a very imprtant rle in it."为顺承关系，指出了语言在文化中的重要性。C项中的language、culture与上文中的Language、culture为原词复现关系。C选项"Withut language，culture wuld nt be pssible.没有语言，就不可能有文化。"符合语境，故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据上文Bdy mvement，eye cntact，gesture，and facial expressin are ther frms f language we call nnverbal cmmunicatin.（身体动作、眼神交流、手势和面部表情是我们称之为非语言交流的其他形式的语言。）以及后文Accrding t Scial Anthrplgist，Edward T.Hall，in a nrmal cnversatin between tw persns，less than 15% f scial meaning is transmitted （传达） by wrds.（根据社会人类学家爱德华t霍尔的说法，在两人之间的正常对话中，只有不到15%的社会意义是通过语言传递的。）可知，本句对上文进行了进一步的解释说明，D项中的"nnverbal cmmunicatin"与上文中的"nnverbal cmmunicatin"为原词复现关系。此外，下文中引用的Edward T Hall的发现是对D项的进一步解释。D选项"Bdy language makes up the largest part f ur nnverbal cmmunicatin.肢体语言在我们的非语言交流中占了很大一部分。"符合语境，故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据上文Different cultures have different ways f using nnverbal cmmunicatin and peple have different gestures t cnvey their expressins.Hwever，nnverbal cmmunicatin，like traffic，is nt randm （随意的）；it has a purpse.（不同的文化有不同的使用非语言交流的方式，人们有不同的手势来表达他们的表情。然而，非语言交流，就像交通一样，不是随机的；它是有目的的。）可知，上文主要提到了非语言交流的方式是有目的的，故本句继续提到非语言交流背后的规则，B项中的"there are cmmn rules t guide its flw"与上文中的"is nt randm"相照应；its指代上文中的"nnverbal cmmunicatin"。B选项"And there are cmmn rules t guide its flw.有一些共同的规则来引导它的流动。"符合语境，故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据下文Fr example， "arms"，which are used little by Nrdics during a cnversatin，are an imprtant element in ne's cmmunicative weapnry （武器） in Italy，Spain，and Suth America.（例如，arms一词在北欧人的谈话中很少使用，但在意大利、西班牙和南美，它是交际武器的重要组成部分。）指出了同一个词语在不同文化中有不同的含义，可知，本句与上文为转折关系，指出非语言交际有不同的模式。E选项"But in different cultures nnverbal cmmunicatin takes n different patterns.但是在不同的文化中，非语言交际有不同的模式。"符合语境，故选E。
（5）细节理解题。根据后文In these cultures，ne shuld stand with feet pressed tgether and hands interlaced （交错） in frnt f the bdy.In cultures such as America，where yu ften stand with yur feet shulderlength apart，arms at yur side，standing in this fashin might be interpreted as being shy and insecure.（在这些文化中，一个人应该站在前面，两脚并拢，双手交叉。在像美国这样的文化中，你经常双脚分开站着，手臂放在身体两侧，这样站着可能会被理解为害羞和没有安全感。）可知，本句与下文为顺承关系，指出非洲文化中应使用的正确站姿。G项中的standing与下文中的stand及standing为原词复现关系。G选项"In Africa，standing in a t "pen" fashin，means that yur psture might be inapprpriate.在非洲，站得太'开放'意味着你的姿势可能不合适。"符合语境，故选G。
【点评】七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
语言知识运用 （共两节， 满分30分）
6．【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了詹姆斯•穆雷•斯潘格勒在1907年发明了第一台吸尘器的故事。
【解答】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.hesitant犹豫的；B.determined决心的；C.likely可能的；D.scared害怕的。句意：任何人都可以做出发明，只要他或她有想法，并决心一次又一次地尝试，直到发明成功。根据前文"try again and again"可知，只要他或她有想法，并决心一次又一次地尝试，任何人都可以做出发明。故选B。
（2）考查表语从句引导词及语境理解。A.which哪一个；B.hw如何；C.what什么；D.that那个。句意：这就是1907年发生在詹姆斯•默里•斯潘格勒身上的事情。根据"happened"可知，设空处引导的是表语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，意为"发生的什么"。故选C。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.clsing关闭；B.pening开放；C.managing管理；D.buying购买。句意：每晚打烊后他就开始工作。根据前文"He started t wrk every night"可知，夜间，在商店打烊后他开始工作。故选A。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.excited兴奋的；B.frightened害怕的；C.wrried担心的；D.tired疲倦的。句意：他累了。根据前文"it was a lt f wrk t clean all that space."可知，清理所有的空间是很费功夫的，所以他很疲劳。故选D。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.thught思考；B.argued争论；C.talked谈话；D.brught带来。句意：每天晚上工作时，他都会思考这个问题。根据后文"What kind f machine culd he make？"可知，他每天都在思考——到底应该制造什么样的机器解决该问题。故选A。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.items物品；B.ideas想法 C.arguments争论；D.prblems问题。句意：过了一会儿，他脑子里形成了一些想法。根据下文"in his head"可知，在他的脑子里形成了一些想法。故选B。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.wrked奏效；B.changed改变；C.stpped停止；D.arrived到达。句意：它奏效了。根据前文"He tried it at hme."以及"At last，he decided t take his（8）t the stre."可知，在经过尝试之后，他发明的设备奏效了，于是他把这个机器带到了商店。故选A。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.bx盒子；B.fan风扇；C.rller滚筒；D.machine机器。句意：最后，他决定把他的机器带到商店去。根据前文"What kind f machine culd he make？"可知，他将发明的机器带到了商店。故选D。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.ld老的；B.strange奇怪的；C.huge巨大的；D.special特别的。句意：警察去告诉店主斯潘格勒正在用一个奇怪的机器做什么，这个机器发出很大的噪音。根据前文"The fficer went t tell the wner that Spangler was ding smething"可知，警察去告诉店主斯潘格勒在做什么，是因为他看到潘格勒正在用奇怪的机器做一些事情。故选B。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.mind心思；B.time时间；C.life生活；D.jb工作。句意：他以为斯潘格勒疯了。根据前文"The fficer went t tell the wner that Spangler was ding smething with a （n） （9）machine that made a lt f nise."可知，警察去告诉店主斯潘格勒正在用一个奇怪的机器做一些事情，而这个机器发出很大的噪音，所以店主认为斯潘格勒一定是疯了。故选A。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.fund发现；B.hired雇佣；C.fired解雇；D.blamed责备。句意：他告诉斯潘格勒，他被解雇的原因是胡闹，而不是做他的工作。根据后文"fr messing arund instead f ding his jb."可知，因为胡闹，而没有做自己应该做的工作，所以潘格勒被告知解雇了。故选C。
（12）考查形容词及语境理解。A.better更好的；B.wrse更糟的；C.busier更忙的；D.slwer更慢的。句意：斯潘格勒告诉他，他的工作做得比以往任何时候都好。根据后文"He was shcked when Spangler mved his machine ver dirt and gum wrappers."可知，当斯潘格勒把机器移到泥土和口香糖包装纸上时，店主吓了一跳，由此斯潘格勒告诉店主他的工作比以往做的都更好。故选A。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.make制作；B.say说；C.intrduce介绍；D.shw展示。句意：他要求店主让他展示一下他的机器是如何工作的。根据后文"hw his machine wrked."可知，斯潘格勒要求店主让他展示一下他的机器是如何工作的。故选D。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.Angry生气的；B.Curius好奇的；C.Frightened害怕的；D.Pleased高兴的。句意：男人很好奇，同意了。根据前文"He asked the shp wner t let him（13）hw his machine wrked."可知，斯潘格勒要求店主让他展示一下他的机器是如何工作的，店主很好奇，所以同意了。故选B。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.brught带来；B.tk拿走；C.sld卖掉；D.gave给予。句意：第二年，他把自己的发明卖给了一家名叫胡佛的公司。根据下文"his inventin t a firm"可知，第二年，他把自己的发明卖给了一家名叫胡佛的公司。故选C。
【点评】近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
7．【分析】这是一篇说明文。攀登长城并非易事，保护长城更加困难。微信小程序"云游长城"通过虚拟现实技术将中国长城再现，使人们能够更加容易地游览并保护长城。文章对这款小程序进行了介绍。
【解答】（1）考查动名词。句意：长城全长2万多公里，是举世闻名的历史地标，但攀登它却很难。此处用动名词形式作主语。故填climbing。
（2）考查副词。句意：每个人都或多或少对它有所了解，但只有少数人有能力亲自参与修复。此处修饰动词participate，应用副词physically表示"亲自"，作状语。故填physically。
（3）考查定语从句。句意：然而，一款名为"长城E游"的微信小程序让每一位爱好者都能成为虚拟世界中的英雄，在这个虚拟世界里，人们不仅可以游览长城，还可以保护长城。空格处引导定语从句，先行词为a virtual wrld，在从句中作介词in的宾语，指物，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。
（4）考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，这个项目已经吸引了大量的关注和粉丝。时间状语为s far，此处应用现在完成时。主语是prgram，所以谓语用第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has attracted。
（5）考查形容词。句意：该网站使用了大约5万张西潘家口长城的高清图片，为用户提供了非凡的体验。此处应用形容词remarkable表示"非凡的"，作定语修饰名词experience。故填remarkable。
（6）考查冠词。句意：这些都很受欢迎，但长城是一个复杂的结构，值得更多的关注。结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，且cmplex为辅音音素开头的单词，所以不定冠词应用a。故填a。
（7）考查可数名词的复数。句意：刘还补充说："像我们这样的一系列项目已经在中国推出，通过数字化将公共教育和文物修复相结合。结合句意和a series f后可知，应用复数形式。故填prgrams。
（8）考查固定短语。句意：刘还补充说："像我们这样的一系列项目已经在中国推出，通过数字化将公共教育和文物修复相结合。a cmbinatin f表示"……的组合"，为固定短语，所以此处应用介词f。故填f。
（9）考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：1987年，长城被联合国教科文组织列入世界文化遗产名录，这是中国同类中的首例。时间状语为in 1987，此处应用一般过去时。主语为The Great Wall，且与list之间是被动关系。故填was listed。
（10）考查形容词性物主代词。句意：1987年，长城被联合国教科文组织列入世界文化遗产名录，这是中国同类中的首例。此处用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词kind，故填its。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
书面表达 （共两节， 满分40分）
8．【分析】高分句型一
The event lasts frm 9 am t 5 pm，when many wrks frm famus calligraphers will be n shw.
翻译：活动从上午9点持续到下午5点，届时将展出许多著名书法家的作品。
分析：句子里，关系词when引导非限制性定语从句many wrks frm famus calligraphers will be n shw。
高分句型二
Anyne interested is welcme t visit fr free.
翻译：任何有兴趣的人都欢迎去免费观看。
分析：句子里，形容词interested作Anyne的后置定语。
【解答】Dear Jim，
Hw's it ging？Knwing yu are fnd f the traditinal Chinese culture，I am writing t invite yu t attend the Exhibitin f Chinese Calligraphy with me，which is t be held in the Art Center in ur city next Sunday.（提出邀请）
The event lasts frm 9 am t 5 pm，when many wrks frm famus calligraphers will be n shw.【高分句型一】Anyne interested is welcme t visit fr free.【高分句型二】I think this is a gd chance fr yu t experience the traditinal Chinese culture.If yu are interested，we can g tgether.（展出简介）
Lking frward t yur early reply.（期盼回复）
Yurs，
Li Hua
【点评】写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
9．【分析】本文主要记叙了本来以为劳动节放假可以休息的Kayla，早上被爸爸吵醒，告诉她为了庆祝劳动节，全家会打扫屋子内外。Kayla不明白，父亲告诉她这么做是为了让她明白劳动节的由来。
高分句型一：Hw eagerly she wanted t g t ut t play with her friends!
翻译：她有多想和朋友出去玩！
分析：运用了感叹句。
高分句型二：When she finished her meaningful chres，Kayla enjyed relaxing in her tree huse.
翻译：做完有意义的家务后，凯拉喜欢在树屋里放松。
分析：运用了when引导的时间状语从句。
【解答】Paragraph1：
At first，Kayla felt disappinted at her parents'plan fr the hliday.Hw eagerly she wanted t g t ut t play with her friends! 【高分句型一】She was against the annying plan frm the bttm f her heart，but she had n chice.First，Kayla was arranged t wash the breakfast dishes.After that，she was asked t give their puppy a bath.She knew it was a hard task，which needed a lt f tiring，careful and patient wrk.She has begun the wrk with great unwillingness.（讲述Kayla内心对这个计划的看法，她虽然反对，但是也别无选择。讲述了Kayla做家务的经过。）
Paragraph 2：
But things began t change as she was ding the chres.Brushing the puppy，she fund it was a lt f fun with s many sap bubbles.Then it was n t yard wrk where Kayla helped t pick up sticks.She pretended the small sticks were basketballs，and sht them int a large trash can.S the wrk was dne with great pleasure.Kayla felt prud t see hw much better the yard lked.When she finished her meaningful chres，Kayla enjyed relaxing in her tree huse. 【高分句型二】The lemnade tasted wnderful after a hard day f wrk.（描写Kayla在做家务过程中的感受，她发现了做家务的乐趣，觉得做家务有意义。）
【点评】解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
（5）关键用词，标出续写部分中使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语这一点可以帮助考生自己检查关键词的使用情况并根据情况做出修改。最后在誊写文字时，务必做到"字迹工整、清晰"。（1）
A.hesitant
B.determined
C.likely
D.scared
（2）
A.which
B.hw
C.what
D.that
（3）
A.clsing
B.pening
C.managing
D.buying
（4）
A.excited
B.frightened
C.wrried
D.tired
（5）
A.thught
B.argued
C.talked
D.brught
（6）
A.items
B.ideas
C.arguments
D.prblems
（7）
A.wrked
B.changed
C.stpped
D.arrived
（8）
A.bx
B.fan
C.rller
D.machine
（9）
A.ld
B.strange
C.huge
D.special
（10）
A.mind
B.time
C.life
D.jb
（11）
A.fund
B.hired
C.fired
D.blamed
（12）
A.better
B.wrse
C.busier
D.slwer
（13）
A.make
B.say
C.intrduce
D.shw
（14）
A.Angry
B.Curius
C.Frightened
D.Pleased
（15）
A.brught
B.tk
C.sld
D.gave
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