四川省成都市2023_2024学年高二英语上学期备考期末模拟试卷3含解析

这是一份四川省成都市2023_2024学年高二英语上学期备考期末模拟试卷3含解析，共25页。

1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分阅读［共两节，满分50分］
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A篇
Mtring writer, Simn Heptinstall nce said that the mst interesting thing abut cars isn’t the car at all. Is it true that the mtrists make better stries than their mtrs? Here are 3 stries t help make yur wn decisin.
Henry Frd built the Quadricycle
In 1896, the great inventive engineer Henry Frd finished building his first car, called the Quadricycle, in a small shed behind his huse. He became ne f the wrld’s mst successful businessmen later — but this time he had badly miscalculated. The cmpleted Quadricycle wuldn’t fit ut thrugh the dr. He’d built it bigger than the width f the dr. Henry had t use an axe t chp ut the drframe t make the pening wider. Then he culd ultimately get his pineering creatin ut fr its first drive. It is nw an exhibit in Henry Frd Museum.
Nel Gallagher frgt buying a car
Millinaire rck star Nel Gallagher frgt he’d bught a brand — new classic car fr £110000. The frmer guitarist was puzzled when a Jaguar Mark Ⅱ arrived at his huse n a delivery truck. It turned ut he had rdered it tw years previusly. At the time he rdered it he had hped t learn t drive — but never gt rund it. He frgt the whle thing, and the car still sits unused in his garage.
Maria Mugn made her car hairy
Accrding t the Guinness Bk f Recrds the wrld’s hairiest car is a Fiat 50 wned by Maria Mugn f Salern in Italy. The Italian hairdresser has spent hundreds f hurs imprting bags f human hair frm India, because she claims the hair is strnger. She then sticks the lcks nt every surface f the car, inside and ut. Her furry Fiat is still rad-illegal hwever.
1. What is the mst interesting thing abut cars accrding t Simn?
A. The drivers.B. The price.C. The speed.D. The appearance.
2. What d the three cars have in cmmn?
A. They are Guinness recrd hlders.B. They are invented by their wners.
C. They are nt permitted t g n rad.D. They are nt in use fr certain reasns.
3. Where is this text prbably taken frm?
A. An engineering textbk.B. A car advertisement.
C. An autmbile magazine.D. An academic article.
【答案】1. A2. D3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。汽车作家Simn Heptinstall曾经说过，关于汽车最有趣的事情根本不是汽车本身。文章介绍了三个有趣的司机故事。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段前两句“Mtring writer, Simn Heptinstall nce said that the mst interesting thing abut cars isn’t the car at all. Is it true that the mtrists make better stries than their mtrs?”(汽车作家Simn Heptinstall曾经说过，关于汽车最有趣的事情根本不是汽车本身。司机的故事真的比他们的汽车更精彩吗？)可知，西蒙认为关于汽车最有趣的事情是司机。故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“It is nw an exhibit in Henry Frd Museum.”(它现在在亨利·福特博物馆展出。)，第三段最后一句“He frgt the whle thing, and the car still sits unused in his garage.”(他把整件事都忘得一干二净，那辆车仍然闲置在他的车库里。)和最后一段最后一句“Her furry Fiat is still rad-illegal hwever.”(然而，她毛茸茸的菲亚特仍然是违法的。)可知，这三辆车的共同之处是它们都由于某些原因没有被使用。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Mtring writer, Simn Heptinstall nce said that the mst interesting thing abut cars isn’t the car at all. Is it true that the mtrists make better stries than their mtrs? Here are 3 stries t help make yur wn decisin.”(汽车作家Simn Heptinstall曾经说过，关于汽车最有趣的事情根本不是汽车本身。司机的故事真的比他们的汽车更精彩吗？这里有三个故事可以帮助你做出自己的决定。)可知，文章讲了三个有趣的司机故事，所以文章有可能来自一本汽车杂志。故选C。
B篇
At the United Natins COP27 climate cnference in Egypt, UN Secretary-General Antni Guterres claimed that the wrld is n a “highway t climate hell with ur ft still n the acceleratr (油门)”. T keep temperature frm rising 1. 5 degrees Celsius abve preindustrial levels by 2100, we need t pull a stp n greenhuse gas emissins. In fact, we’d basically have t bring the runaway truck t a cmplete and immediate stp. Nw is the time fr us t pull back befre it is t late.
The climate pledges (承诺) made by natins at last year’s COP26 cnference felt like a psitive step in the right directin, but there’s very little dubt that the average temperature rise n Earth will pass the 1. 5-degree mark in the cming decades. Can we limit this versht? And hw might we d that?
A study, released Thursday in the scientific jurnal Nature Climate Change, tried t answer thse questins by mdeling 27 different emissins reductin pathways f varying ambitin. It came t an unsurprising cnclusin:Cuntries need t act by increasing the ambitin f their climate pledges. And they need t act nw.
The 1. 5-degree rise has lng been seen as a critical mark in the fight against climate change. Since the signing f the Paris Agreement at COP21 seven years ag, scientists have studied hw this level f warming abve preindustrial temperatures wuld affect the Earth. The mdels they’ve built shw we are likely t see mre extreme weather events, in additin t glacial melt, sea level rise that threatens many lw-lying Pacific natins and significant lss f bidiversity nce temperatures push past an increase f 1.5 degrees.
Thugh the 1. 5-degree target is practically dead, the situatin isn’t hpeless. Nw mre than ever, there’s reasn t reduce greenhuse gas emissins by setting mre ambitius gals. Hwever, ambitin alne is nt enugh.We als need actin -— investing in renewables and technlgies like carbn capture and rapidly transfrming ur energy systems.
4. What did Antni Guterres try t d in the first paragraph?
A. Make a request.B. Issue a warning.
C. Prvide a slutin.D. Offer a suggestin.
5. What was the cnclusin f the study released in Nature Climate Change?
A. What’s dne cannt be undne.
BSetting a gal is what matters.
C. Actin speaks luder than wrds.
D. Failing t plan is planning t fail.
6. What’s the purpse f the mdels the scientists have built?
A. T shw the cnsequences f rising temperatures.
B. T predict the prblems with extreme weather events.
C. T find the slutins t cntrlling glbal warning.
D. T tell the imprtance f prtecting the envirnment.
7Hw des the authr end the passage?
A. By sharing cnfidence and inspiring.
B. By expressing cncern and criticizing.
C. By vicing dubts and making cmplaints.
D. By spreading hpe and appealing fr actin.
【答案】4. B5. C6. A7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。在最近召开的联合国气候变化大会第二十七次缔约方会议(COP27)上，联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯发出警告：世界正走在“通往气候地狱的高速公路上，我们的脚还踩在油门上”。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“we need t pull a stp n greenhuse gas emissins. In fact, we’d basically have t bring the runaway truck t a cmplete and immediate stp. Nw is the time fr us t pull back befre it is t late.(我们需要停止温室气体的排放。事实上，我们基本上必须让失控的卡车完全立即停下来。现在是我们趁早撤退的时候了。)”可知，联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯主要是给人们发出警告：我们要马上“急刹车”，停止像现在这样排放温室气体，尽快实现将全球升温幅度限制在1.5摄氏度的目标，否则人类将可能自我毁灭，到那时则为时已晚。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“A study, released Thursday in the scientific jurnal Nature Climate Change, tried t answer thse questins by mdeling 27 different emissins reductin pathways f varying ambitin. It came t an unsurprising cnclusin: Cuntries need t act by increasing the ambitin f their climate pledges. And they need t act nw. (周四发表在科学杂志《自然气候变化》(Nature Climate Change)上的一项研究试图通过模拟27种不同目标的减排途径来回答这些问题。报告得出了一个不足为奇的结论：各国需要采取行动，提高其气候承诺的雄心。他们现在需要采取行动。)”可知，周四发表在科学杂志《自然气候变化》得出了一个结论：各国需要采取行动，加强其控制温室气体排放的力度。他们需要马上行动起来。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The mdels they’ve built shw we are likely t see mre extreme weather events, in additin t glacial melt, sea level rise that threatens many lw-lying Pacific natins and significant lss f bidiversity nce temperatures push past an increase f 1.5 degrees.(他们建立的模型显示，一旦气温上升超过1.5度，除了冰川融化、威胁许多低洼太平洋国家的海平面上升以及生物多样性的显著丧失外，我们可能会看到更多极端天气事件。)”可知，科学家们建立的模型显示，一旦气温上升超过1.5摄氏度，除了冰川融化、许多地势较低的太平洋国家的海平面上升以及生物多样性的重大损失之外，我们可能还会看到更多极端天气出现。由此推断科学家们建立该模型的原因目的在于展示气温上升的后果。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Hwever, ambitin alne is nt enugh. We als need actin-—investing in renewables and technlgies like carbn capture and rapidly transfrming ur energy systems.(然而，光有雄心是不够的。我们还需要采取行动——投资可再生能源和碳捕获等技术，迅速改造我们的能源系统。)”可知，作者最后指出，虽然目前的形势非常严峻，但并非完全没有希望；重要的是立刻行动起来，光有目标和抱有决心是不够的。由此推断，作者是以通过传播希望和呼吁采取行动的方式来结束文章。故选D项。
C篇
When Stephen Sndheim died n Nv. 26, 2021, at age 91. I didn’t shw an inclinatin t watch his Bradway musicals. Smething in me instead wanted t see Al Hirschfeld’s drawings f Sndheim’s shws and characters ver the decades.
As a by grwing up in the Bstn suburbs in the 1970s, Hirschfeld’s images were my first ticket t Bradway, transprted by their publicatin in The Times’s Arts& Leisure sectin. And they were als hw I frmed an early bnd with my parents, ne that std ver time and even int their years with Alzheimer’s(阿尔茨海默症).
“Oklahma!” was the first musical my parent tk me t, in Bstn, when I was six.
Arund that time, I asked them why we gt The Times when we didn’t live in New Yrk. They said they still cnsidered themselves New Yrkers and they lved Arts& Leisure and Hirschfeld’ s drawings abut theater. His drawings were like a lifeline fr my parents t New Yrk City ver the decades, and they helped pen the dr fr me t Sndheim.
This is hw:
I made my way t New Yrk in 1989, as a freshman at N. Y. U. , where I met a drm mate wh lked like Hirschfeld’s drawing f little Red Riding Hd frm Sndheim’s “Int that Wds.” Her name was Daniclle Ferland. I tld my parents abut this Hirschfeld-in-the-flesh excitedly by phnc. Danielle and ther friends intrduced me t Sndheim’s music which evke (唤起)my memries f Hirschfeld’s drawings.
As my parents grew lder, it was harder t take them t see shws with me. But in my years as the theater reprter at The Times, they wuld ask what I was seeing in New Yrk and were happy t hear abut Angela Lansbury perfrming in a 2009 revival(重演)f Sndheim’s “A Little Night Music.” They remembered her characteristic eyes frm Hirschfeld’s drawings.
8. What des the underlined part “an inclinatin” in paragraph I mean?
A. An ability.B. A tendency.
C. An pprtunity.D. A respnsibility,
9. What d Hirschfeld’s drawings mean t the authr?
A. A difficult childhdB. A chance t wrk fr Bradway,
C. A cure fr a disease in her later years.D. An inseparable life with her parents
10. What intrduced the authr t Sndheim’s music?
A. Stries publicized in The Times,
B. The musical her parents tk her t
C. A curse she signed up fr at university
D. Recmmendatins made by her friends
11. What did the authr’s parents still remember abut “A Little Night Music”?
A. The time f its first stagingB. The excitement it had caused
C. The drawings f its perfrmerD. The perfrmance n Bradway
【答案】8. B9. D10. D11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者介绍了自己喜欢的歌手去世之后，回忆起他通过记录这位歌手的画家的作品而认识歌手，并且和自己父母建立亲密关系的故事。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段“I didn’t shw an inclinatin t watch his Bradway musicals. Smething in me instead wanted t see Al Hirschfeld’s drawings f Sndheim’s shws and characters ver the decades. (斯蒂芬·桑德海姆于2021年11月26日去世，享年91岁，当时我并没有表现出看他的百老汇音乐剧的inclinatin。相反，我内心深处想看看艾尔·赫斯菲尔德为桑德海姆几十年来的表演和人物画的画)”中的关键词“instead”可知，前后句意呈相反关系，作者“不想”听那位歌手的歌，而是想去看那位画家的画，所以划线部分inclinatin和B选项“A tendency (倾向)”接近。可知，故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“As a by grwing up in the Bstn suburbs in the 1970s, Hirschfeld’s images were my first ticket t Bradway, transprted by their publicatin in The Times’s Arts&. Leisure sectin. And they were als hw I frmed an early bnd with my parents, ne that std ver time and even int their years with Alzheimer’s(阿尔茨海默症) (作为一个20世纪70年代在波士顿郊区长大的男孩，赫斯菲尔德的照片是我第一张去百老汇的门票，它们刊登在时报的艺术与休闲版上。这也是我和父母早期建立联系的方式，这种联系随着时间的推移，甚至在他们患有阿尔茨海默病的岁月里也没有改变。)”可知，作者通过这位画家的作品和他的父母建立起亲密的联系。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Danielle and ther friends intrduced me t Sndheim’s music which evke (唤起)my memries f Hirschfeld’s drawings. (丹妮尔和其他朋友向我介绍了桑德海姆的音乐，这唤起了我对赫斯菲尔德绘画的记忆。)”可知，上大学后，是丹妮尔和其他朋友让作者认识了歌手桑德海姆，即朋友的推荐。故选D。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“But in my years as the theater reprter at The Times, they wuld ask what I was seeing in New Yrk and were happy t hear abut Angela Lansbury perfrming in a 2009 revival(重演)f Sndheim’s “A Little Night Music. ”They remembered her characteristic eyes frm Hirschfeld’s drawings. (但在我担任时报戏剧记者的那些年里，他们会问我在纽约看到了什么，并很高兴听到安吉拉·兰斯伯里在2009年重新演出桑德海姆的《小夜乐》。他们从赫斯菲尔德的画中想起了她独特的眼睛。)”可知，是赫斯菲尔德的画，让他们深深地记住了这位歌手的表演。故选C。
D篇
Fatherhd is seen as dispensable. Peple freely and frequently undermine a dad’s rle in Child-rearing by assuming that he can’t pssibly be in charge f a baby n his wn r by suggesting that he is such a great dad because he spent ten minutes rcking his wn child t sleep. What a her — ding smething that he shuldn’t have t d because, if we’re all hnest, it’s a mum’s jb.
Stries f fathers in the media tend t fcus n their absence. Until relatively recently, fathers were either missing, played a very specific and distant rle f breadwinner, r were hapless idits incapable f using a washing machine. We’re prgrammed t believe that fathers dn’t pssess the ‘nurturing gene’ and that this shuld be the sle respnsibility f the mther. The thing is, that is bullshit. Like mthers, fathers have been shaped by evlutin t be bilgically, psychlgically and behavirally primed t parent. The hrmnal and brain changes seen in new mthers are mirrred in fathers. Their ability t parent is nt based n bilgy; it is based n hw much time they spend with their children.
Nnetheless, n matter hw hard cuples try t re-balance the caring duties, we cntinue t bang ur heads against a gendered wall. Our heads — and the heads f almst everyne arund us — are filled with nnsense by advertisers and the media wh lve nthing mre than creating a “gender war” ut f everything. S even thugh it’s 2021 and science is telling us the cmplete ppsite, the narrative remains that wmen are better and mre “natural” carers, that they’re the nly nes wh can multi-task, men dn’t really care abut children — and are dangerus arund them — and s n.
All f this can be hard t dismantle when yu realize that the nly way yu can make ends meet is fr the mther t stay ff wrk r g dwn t part-time when the baby arrives, and fr the dad t stay full-time with a killer cmmute. And f curse it’s true that sme f us end up internalizing all f this and start t believe the gender steretypes.
12. The underlined wrd “dispensable” means “________”.
A. determining and prfundB. incmpetent and punishing
C. nt necessary r essentialD. nt attractive r appealing
13. Which f the fllwing statements will the authr agree with?
A. A father wh spends ten minutes rcking his kid t sleep shuld be regarded as a her.
B. Wmen’ s better parenting abilities is mainly predetermined by their bilgical features.
C. The mre time a father spends with his kids, the better he will be at lking after them.
D. Wmen are the nly nes wh can keep the balance between their wrk and career.
14. What is the authr’s attitude twards the current distributin f parenting duties?
A. favurableB. indifferentC. biasedD. discntented
15. What might be the best title fr the passage?
A. Desperate Husewives.B. The Absence f Fatherhd.
C. Happy Wife, Happy Life.D. The Manhd Crisis.
【答案】12. C13. C14. D15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们随意地、频繁地削弱父亲在抚养孩子中的角色作用，造成父亲被认为是可有可无的错误认知，作者在文中抨击了这一现象并分析了原因。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“Peple freely and frequently undermine a dad’s rle in Child-rearing by assuming that he can’t pssibly be in charge f a baby n his wn r by suggesting that he is such a great dad because he spent ten minutes rcking his wn child t sleep.(人们随意地、频繁地削弱父亲在抚养孩子中的角色作用，认为他不可能独自一人照顾孩子，或者暗示他是一个伟大的父亲，因为他花了十分钟摇着自己的孩子入睡)”可知，人们总是削弱父亲在抚养孩子中的角色作用，所以导致父亲被认为是可有可无的，由此推知上文“Fatherhd is seen as dispensable.”中划线词的意思是“不必要的或不重要的”。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Their ability t parent is nt based n bilgy; it is based n hw much time they spend with their children.(他们的养育能力不是基于生物学；这取决于他们花多少时间和孩子在一起)”可知，作者认为养育能力取决于花多少时间和孩子在一起，由此推知，作者会赞同“父亲花在孩子身上的时间越多，他就能更好地照顾他们。”这一说法。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Nnetheless, n matter hw hard cuples try t re-balance the caring duties, we cntinue t bang ur heads against a gendered wall.(尽管如此，无论夫妻们多么努力地试图重新平衡照顾孩子的责任，我们还是无法摆脱关于孩子的抚养的性别偏见)”可推知，当前父母责任的分配无法让我们摆脱与孩子抚养相关的性别偏见，由此推知，作者对于当前父母责任的分配是不满意的。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了人们随意地、频繁地削弱父亲在抚养孩子中的角色作用，造成父亲被认为是可有可无的错误认知，作者在文中抨击了这一现象并分析了原因。结合选项，“The Absence f Fatherhd.(父亲的缺席)”正是文章讨论的主题：为什么父亲会缺席孩子的抚养，所以B项是文章最佳标题。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What is a Fd Critic
A fd critic is a writer wh specializes in writing criticisms f fd. Like theater and mvie critics, fd critics are suppsed t prvide thughtful, well-infrmed, and bjective infrmatin t the public s that members f the public can make decisins abut where t spend their mney. ____16____Hwever sme may als engage in mre general fd writing.
Becming a fd critic takes time. Many fd critics pursue prfessinal experiences in the wrld f fd, attending culinary schls, wrking in restaurants, participating in farming, and s frth. ____17____A gd fd critic is extremely knwledgeable abut fd, frm hw certain fds are harvested t the histry f varius dishes. Fd critics als have very well-develped palates, and they may specialize in a particular area.
____18____Fd critics may mve between publishers ver the curse f their careers, r start wrking fr the fd sectin f a paper and wrking up t a psitin as a fd critic. A handful f critics becme well knwn and well respected, with mst primarily being knwn nly in the area they serve.
Prfessinal integrity is very imprtant fr fd critics. Many make reservatins and visit restaurants annymusly, s that they get an idea f hw a restaurant serves rdinary custmers. They als make repeat visits s that they can make fair and balanced assessments f a restaurant and its fferings. ____19____ Implicatins f favritism r bribery can ruin the reputatin f a fd critic.
This is what fd critics are like. They describe and evaluate the fd, prviding pinins n its quality. ____20____These can be used as a reference fr readers t make decisins.
A. Fd critics have the right t scre the restaurant.
B. It's imprtant fr them t be familiar with varieties f fd.
C. Avidance f gifts frm restaurateurs is als very imprtant.
D. Therefre, they can learn abut every aspect f the fd industry.
E. After cnsidering all aspects f the dining experience, they generate ratings.
F. Fd critics primarily write abut restaurants frm fast fd establishments t fancy restaurants.
G. Once a fd critic has gained experience, he r she can start writing articles fr magazines and newspapers.
【答案】16. F17. D18. G19. C20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“美食评论家”这种职业，他们是专门写食物评论的作家，为公众提供深思熟虑的、见多识广的和客观的信息，以便公众可以决定他们的钱花在哪里。文章介绍了这种职业的一些特点和职业要求等。
【16题详解】
根据上文“A fd critic is a writer wh specializes in writing criticisms f fd. Like theater and mvie critics, fd critics are suppsed t prvide thughtful, well-infrmed, and bjective infrmatin t the public s that members f the public can make decisins abut where t spend their mney.(食物评论家是专门写食物评论的作家。就像戏剧和电影评论家一样，美食评论家应该为公众提供深思熟虑的、见多识广的和客观的信息，以便公众可以决定他们的钱花在哪里)”以及后文“Hwever sme may als engage in mre general fd writing.(然而，有些人可能会从事更一般的食物写作)”可知，上文提到了“食物评论家”这种职业的含义和工作内容，后文则说了有些人会从事的写作内容，可推测本句是在说明食物评论家主要创作的写作类型。故F选项“食物评论家主要写评价餐馆的文章，从快餐店到高档餐厅”符合语境，故选F。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Becming a fd critic takes time. Many fd critics pursue prfessinal experiences in the wrld f fd, attending culinary schls, wrking in restaurants, participating in farming, and s frth.(成为一名美食评论家需要时间。许多美食评论家追求在食物世界的专业经验，参加烹饪学校，在餐馆工作，参与农业，等等)”可知，上文提到了美食评论家会从事与食品相关的各种行业，故本句与上文构成因果关系，指出美食评论家从事与食品相关的各种行业的结果是：可以了解食品工业的各个方面。D选项中They指代上文fd critics。故D选项“因此，他们可以了解食品工业的各个方面”符合语境，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据后文“Fd critics may mve between publishers ver the curse f their careers, r start wrking fr the fd sectin f a paper and wrking up t a psitin as a fd critic. A handful f critics becme well knwn and well respected, with mst primarily being knwn nly in the area they serve.(在他们的职业生涯中，美食评论家可能会在出版商之间转行，或者开始在报纸的美食版块工作，最终成为一名美食评论家。少数评论家成为知名人士和受人尊敬的人，他们大多只在他们服务的领域内为人所知)”可知，本段主要叙述的是美食评论家开始创作文章的过程，G选项中newspapers对应后文中a paper。故G选项“一旦一个美食评论家获得了经验，他或她可以开始为杂志和报纸写文章”符合语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Prfessinal integrity is very imprtant fr fd critics. Many make reservatins and visit restaurants annymusly, s that they get an idea f hw a restaurant serves rdinary custmers. They als make repeat visits s that they can make fair and balanced assessments f a restaurant and its fferings.(职业操守对美食评论家来说非常重要。许多人匿名预订和访问餐馆，这样他们就能了解餐馆是如何服务普通顾客的。他们还会反复光顾，以便对一家餐厅及其提供的服务做出公平、平衡的评价)”以及后文“Implicatins f favritism r bribery can ruin the reputatin f a fd critic. (偏袒或贿赂的暗示会毁掉美食评论家的声誉)”可知，本段主要论述的是美食评论家的职业操守问题，且后文提到了接受贿赂会毁掉美食评论家的声誉，即强调不要接受餐厅老板的送礼。故C选项“避免餐馆老板送礼也很重要”符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“This is what fd critics are like. They describe and evaluate the fd, prviding pinins n its quality.(这就是美食评论家。他们描述和评价食物，对其质量提供意见)”以及后文“These can be used as a reference fr readers t make decisins.(这些可以作为读者做决定的参考)”可知，上文提到了美食评论家描述和评价食物，后文提到为读者做参考，可推测本句承接上文说明美食评论家在考虑了餐饮体验后，会得出评级，来为读者做参考。故E选项“在考虑餐饮体验的所有方面后，他们产生了评级”符合语境，故选E。
第二部分语言运用［共两节，满分30分］
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s ften the simple things in life that make the mst significant impact n us. It was late ne afternn in mid-September. My three-mnth-ld sn was napping in his ____21____. As I wandered thrugh ur living rm, I ____22____ t lk ut f my balcny windw. Puddles(水坑)had ____23____ n the grund and the rain had slwed.
Dwn belw ____24____ a by f abut fur. Filled with a mixture f ____25____ and happiness, he stmped (踩) thrugh the puddle, mud and water flying. He walked, stmped, splashed thrugh that puddle ____26____, happily enjying what mther nature had left fr him.
Nt mre than ten feet away std his mther. She didn’t scld him. ____27____, she watched with a pleasant smile n her face. She shwed n____28____ fr a little mud and fr the laundry she wuld later have t d. As fr me, it was a (n)____29____ mment that changed the way I will frever view my rle as a mther.
The little by prbably will _____30_____ each afternn that his mther takes him utside, as he _____31_____. He may nt remember each little thing that happens each time his mther lets him _____32_____ his wrld. But he will remember that his mther _____33_____ him and he will knw that she helps him t learn and grw in a pleasant and fun envirnment.
Maybe we can all learn frm the inncence f _____34_____ that views a rainstrm nt as smething t run thrugh r t avid, but smething meant t explre, t _____35_____ and t lve.
21. A. deskB. bedC. tyD. bench
22. A. attemptedB. subscribedC. happenedD. yielded
23. A. frmedB. leftC. savedD. cllected
24. A. wavedB. trembledC. stdD. slid
25. A. suspicinB. fascinatinC. ambitinD. expectatin
26. A. by and byB. mre r lessC. nw and thenD. ver and ver
27. A. InsteadB. HweverC. TherefreD. Als
28. A. cncernB. respectC. desireD. interest
29. A. embarrassingB. cnfusingC. tuchingD. exhausting
30. A. experienceB. rememberC. frgetD. recall
31. A. grws upB. lses heartC. turns inD. cries ut
32. A. visitB. explreC. findD. understand
33. A. lvesB. helpsC. scldsD. kisses
34. A. yuthB. childhdC. majrityD. adulthd
35. A. awaitB. shareC. stpD. enjy
【答案】21. B22. C23. A24. C25. B26. D27. A28. A29. C30. C31. A32. B33. A34. B35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。通常是生活中最简单的事情对我们产生了最重大的影响。作者在雨天见到一个小孩在踩水坑，而他妈妈安静地看着他探索自己的世界。从中作者获得了生活感悟——也许我们都可以从童年的纯真中学习，童年的纯真并不认为暴风雨是一种需要跑过去或避免的东西，而是一种可以探索、享受和喜爱的东西。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我三个月大的儿子正在床上打盹。A. desk桌子；B. bed床；C. ty玩具；D. bench长凳。根据空前“My three-mnth-ld sn was napping”可知，此处指三个月大的儿子正在他的床上打盹。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在穿过客厅时，碰巧朝阳台的窗户往外看。A. attempted尝试； B. subscribed订阅；C. happened碰巧；D. yielded产生。根据上文“As I wandered thrugh ur living rm”和空后“my balcny windw”可知，作者路过客厅时碰巧向窗外望。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：雨慢了下来，地面上形成了水坑。A. frmed形成；B. left留下；C. saved节省；D. cllected收集。根据下文“the rain had slwed”可知，因为雨下得慢了，所以在地面上形成了水坑。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：下面站着一个大约四岁的男孩。A. waved挥手；B. trembled颤抖；C. std站着；D. slid滑行。根据下文“Filled with a mixture f __5___ and happiness, he stmped (踩) thrugh the puddle , mud and water flying.”可知，小男孩是站着的。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：既着迷又开心，他踩着穿过水坑，泥水飞溅。A. suspicin怀疑；B. fascinatin着迷；C. ambitin抱负；野心；D. expectatin期待。根据后文“happily enjying what mther nature had left fr him.(快乐地享受着大自然母亲留给他的一切。)”可知，小男孩对于踩水坑很着迷，很开心。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：他走着，跺着脚，在水坑里一次又一次地溅着水，高兴地享受着大自然留给他的一切。A. by and by不久；B. mre r less或多或少；C. nw and then时而；D. ver and ver反反复复。根据下文“happily enjying what mther nature had left fr him.”可知，小男孩沉浸在踩泥坑的欢乐，所以此处指小男孩一遍遍反反复复地在水坑里玩耍。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，她面带愉快的微笑看着。A. Instead相反；B. Hwever然而；C. Therefre因此；D. Als而且。根据上文“She didn’t scld him.”及下文“she watched with a pleasant smile n her face”可知，此处与所表述的“微笑看着”是对比关系，指小男孩的妈妈没有责骂他，相反，只是面带微笑看着，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她对一点点泥和稍后要洗的衣服毫不担心。A. cncern担心；B. respect尊重；C. desire愿望；D. interest兴趣。根据上文“She didn’t scld him. ____7____, she watched with a pleasant smile n her face.”可知，男孩的妈妈微笑地看着儿子踩水坑，因此可知对溅在身上的一点点泥和以后要洗的衣服毫不担心。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这是一个感人时刻，改变了我对母亲角色的看法。A. embarrassing令人尴尬的；B. cnfusing令人困惑的；C. tuching感人的；D. exhausting令人精疲力竭的。根据空后“that changed the way I will frever view my rle as a mther”可知，作者通过所见改变了对母亲角色的看法。由此可知，她看到小男孩妈妈任由其玩泥坑受到了感触，对她来说，这是一个感人的时刻。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着小男孩的成长，他可能会忘记每天下午他妈妈都会带他出去。A. experience经历；B. remember记得；C. frget忘记； D. recall回忆。根据下文“He may nt remember each little thing that happens each time his mther lets him ____12____ his wrld.”可知，此处指他可能会忘记每天下午妈妈带自己出去。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着小男孩的成长，他可能会忘记每天下午他妈妈都会带他出去。A. grws up成长；B. lses heart灰心；C. turns in上床睡觉；D. cries ut喊叫。根据下文“He may nt remember each little thing that happens each time his mther lets him ____12____ his wrld.”可知，随着他的长大他可能会记不得儿时的一些事情。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他可能不记得每次妈妈让他探索自己的世界时发生的每一件小事。A. visit参观；B. explre探索；C. find发现；D. understand理解。根据上文“he stmped (踩) thrugh the puddle, mud and water flying. He walked, stmped, splashed thrugh that puddle ____6____”可知，小男孩妈妈任由其玩泥坑，是为了让他探索这个世界。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他会记得，他的妈妈爱他，他会知道她帮助他在一个愉快和有趣的环境中学习和成长。A. lves爱；B. helps帮助；C. sclds责骂；D. kisses亲吻。根据空后“he will knw that she helps him t learn and grw in a pleasant and fun envirnment.”可知，此处指小男孩的妈妈爱他。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许我们都可以从童年的纯真中学习，童年的纯真并不认为暴风雨是一种需要跑过去或避免的东西，而是一种可以探索、享受和喜爱的东西。A. yuth年轻；B. childhd童年；C. majrity大部分；D. adulthd成年。根据文章叙述的主人公为“a little by”及本句中的“inncence天真”可知，“childhd童年”符合语境。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许我们都可以从童年的纯真中学习，童年的纯真并不认为暴风雨是一种需要跑过去或避免的东西，而是一种可以探索、享受和喜爱的东西。A. await等待；B. share分享；C. stp停止；D. enjy享受。根据本句中“”意为“不是……而是……”可知，此处应与上文中的“t run thrugh r t avid”形成对比，enjy意为“享受”与explre和lve并列，符合语境和句意。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
On ne late-autumn day, Wang Ting, ___36___ resident in the Shanxi prvincial capital f Taiyuan, tk his family t the Jueweishan Muntain in the city’s nrthwestern suburbs t take hundreds f pictures.
“Autumn is usually the best seasn fr Taiyuan,” Wang said. “But that was nt necessarily true in the past fr the city, ___37___ was trubled by pllutin frm heavy industry cmpanies.
A change fr the better, nt nly in Taiyuan but the entire Shanxi Prvince, ___38___ (take) place ver the past few years thanks t the lcal gvernments and peple’s effrts in envirnmental prtectin.
Statistics frm the Shanxi Department f Eclgy and Envirnment shw that ___39___ (cmpare) with 65.7 percent in 2017, Shanxi had 72.1 percent f its days with an air quality reaching gd and excellent levels in 2021. There is als an bvius ___40___ (imprve) in water quality acrss rivers and lakes.
During a recent news cnference, Wang Yanfeng, head f the department, said that Shanxi has been hlding the idea that green muntains and clear waters are ___41___ gd as muntains f gld and silver ___42___ (achieve) a balance between the envirnment and scial ecnmic develpment ver the past few years.
“Our initiatives include upgrading lcal industries t clean prductin, ___43___ (develp) clean energy resurces, reducing pllutin and emissins, and prmting envirnmentally friendly industries as new grwth drivers,” Wang said.
After the industrial upgrades, Shanxi, ___44___ (traditin) a ca-prducing prvince, is seeing 75 percent f ____45____ (it) cal utput generated frm advanced and clean prductin facivilities. In the pwer industry, 34.3 percent f the electricity in Shanxi nw cmes frm new and renewable energy resurces, accrding t Wang.
【答案】36. a37. which
38. has taken
39. cmpared
40. imprvement
41. as42. t achieve
43. develping
44. traditinally
45. its
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由于山西省环保的努力，自然之美得以充分展示。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在一个深秋的一天，山西省会太原的一个居民王廷带着他的家人来到该市西北郊区的觉微山，拍了数百张照片。名词resident为可数名词，泛指“一个”，所以用不定冠词。resident首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：但在过去，这座城市并不一定是这样，因为它受到重工业公司污染的困扰。句中先行词为the city，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【38题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几年里，由于当地政府和人民在环境保护方面的努力，不仅太原，而且整个山西省都发生了更好的变化。根据时间状语ver the past few years可知，用现在完成时。nt nly…but (als)连接两个主语时，要和与其最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。故填has taken。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：山西省生态环境厅的数据显示，2021年，山西空气质量优良天数的比例为72.1%，而2017年为65.7%。本句为宾语从句，从句中逻辑主语Shanxi与cmpare之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故填cmpared。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：河湖水质也有明显改善。形容词varius后接名词形式。根据不定冠词a可知，用名词的单数形式。故填imprvement。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：在最近的一次新闻发布会上，山西环保厅厅长王彦峰表示，在过去几年里，山西一直秉持青山绿水就是金山银山的理念，实现了环境与社会经济发展的平衡。as+ adj./ adv. +as和……一样。故填as。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在最近的一次新闻发布会上，山西环保厅厅长王彦峰表示，在过去几年里，山西一直秉持青山绿水就是金山银山的理念，实现了环境与社会经济发展的平衡。句中用不定式作目的状语。故填t achieve。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：王说：“我们的举措包括将当地产业升级为清洁生产，开发清洁能源，减少污染和排放，推动环境友好型产业成为新的增长动力。”句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语Our initiatives与develp之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填develping。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：在产业升级后，山西，这个传统的煤生产大省，75%的煤炭产量来自先进和清洁的生产设施。句中用副词作状语。故填traditinally。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：在产业升级后，山西，这个传统的煤生产大省，75%的煤炭产量来自先进和清洁的生产设施。名词utput前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
第三部分写作［共两节，满分40分］
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假设你是李华，得知你市将要召开中学生国际运动会，组委会正面向全国招募志愿者。请你写一封信，申请成为一名英文志愿者。内容包括：
①申请理由；②自身优势；③表达期待。
注意：词数80左右。
Dear Sir/Madam,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua. I’m writing t apply t act as a vlunteer at the sprts meet.
I’ve been dreaming t vlunteer in majr internatinal sprts events. S I want t seize this pprtunity t make my dream a reality. I believe I’m a qualified candidate. My fluent spken English ensures my effective cmmunicatin with the freign athletes. With my extended knwledge fr sprts, I can successfully fulfill my missin.
I wuld be grateful if yu culd ffer me the pprtunity.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作，要求考生写一封申请信，申请成为中学生国际运动会上的一名英文志愿者，陈述申请理由，介绍自身优势并表达期待得到机会。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
申请：apply→make an applicatin
抓住机会：seize the pprtunity→grasp the pprtunity
确保：ensure→make sure f
执行：fulfill→carry ut/perfrm
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I’ve been dreaming t vlunteer in majr internatinal sprts events S I want t seize this pprtunity t make my dream a reality.
拓展句：Having been dreaming t vlunteer in majr internatinal sprts events, I want t seize this pprtunity t make my dream a reality.
【点睛】【高分句型1】S I want t seize this pprtunity t make my dream a reality. (使用了不定式作宾语和目的状语)
【高分句型2】I wuld be grateful if yu culd ffer me the pprtunity. (使用了if引导条件状语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
There were nce tw rabbits, Wanda the Wise and Frederick the Flish, wh were walking thrugh a field. They were gd friends and enjyed their wandertgether.
On this walk, they came upn tw carrts. One f the carrts had large leaves cming ut f the tp and the ther lked much smaller frm the surface. Frederick was excited and ran up t the carrt with the larger leaves. “I’ll have this ne.” he prudly exclaimed and prceeded t pulling it ut frm the grund. Wanda shrugged her shulders and pulled ut the ther carrt, which turned ut t be much bigger. Frederick was surprised and asked hw this culd pssibly be. Wanda lked at her friend and replied, “Yu can’t always judge a carrt by its leaves.”
They kept n walking and came acrss anther pair f carrts, again with different sized leaves. This time Frederick allwed his friend the first pick. Wanda hpped t each carrt, inspected (检查) and sniffed them carefully and, t Frederick’s surprise, chse the carrt with the larger leaves.
As they each pulled their carrts ut frm the grund, Frederick was cnfused t see that his carrt was still smaller than Wanda’s.
“Yu said that carrts with larger leaves are nt always larger. I thught carrts with small leaves meant larger nes.” he said.
“N,” replied Wanda, “I said dn’t judge a carrt by its leaves. It’s als imprtant t remember t think befre yu chse.”
Frederick ndded and they ate their carrts befre cntinuing their strll.
Fr a third time, they fund tw carrts, again with different sized leaves. Frederick lked cnfused and didn’t knw what t d. Wanda indicated that he culd chse which carrt t eat.
注意：
1. 续写词数为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Frederick, the pr flish rabbit, didn’t really knw what t d.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Wanda smiled warmly, hpped ver t the bigger carrt and pulled it ut t his friend.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Frederick, the pr flish didn’t really knw what t d. He pretended t inspect and sniff them carefully, just as Wanda did, but in vain. He was abut t pull the carrt with bigger leaves when he was trn inside. What if the ther carrt was bigger? He was at a lss hw t tell which carrt was bigger. “My best friend, please help me!” S eager was Frederick t eat the bigger carrt that he stamped his feet, sweating n his head.
Wanda smiled warmly, hpped ver t the bigger carrt and pulled it ut t his friend. Frederick lked t Wanda with a lk f disbelief n his face. “Frederick, there’s n pint in having wisdm if yu’re nt willing t share the benefits f it with thers. Yu’re my friend and I want yu t have this carrt. A smart rabbit with a full stmach but n friends isn’t really wise, is she?” said Wanda. Frederick hung his head in shame at the thught f Wanda’s genersity. It dawned n him that the pssessin f friendship made his day. (156 wrds)
【解析】
【分析】本文讲述了一只叫Wanda的聪明的兔子和一只叫Frederick的愚蠢的兔子之间的故事，两个人是好朋友，一天散步时看到两个埋在地里的胡萝卜，根据叶子的大小进行选择，Frederick选到了小的，而聪明的Wanda选到了大的，当二人第二次遇到胡萝卜时，情况同样如此，当二人第三次遇到胡萝卜时，在进行选择的过程中，Frederick不知道该如何选择。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Frederick，这个可怜的傻瓜真的不知道该怎么办。”可知，第一段可描写Frederick在选择胡萝卜的过程中纠结的心理活动，他想吃更大的胡萝卜，但不知道该怎么选择。
②由第二段首句内容“Wanda亲切地笑了笑，跳到大胡萝卜跟前，把它拔出来给他的朋友。”可知，第二段可描写Wanda把大胡萝卜送给朋友后两个人之间的感情交流，突出友情比智慧更重要。
2.续写线索：Frederick不知道如何选择——请求Wanda帮忙——Wanda让出大胡萝卜——Frederick为自己急于争抢大胡萝卜的想法感到羞愧——升华友情的重要
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.检查：inspect/examine
②.白费力气：in vain/beat the air
情绪类
①.仔细地：carefully/clsely
②.聪明的：smart/intelligent
【点睛】[高分句型1]. S eager was Frederick t eat the bigger carrt that he stamped his feet, sweating n his head. （由s…that…引导结果状语从句和部分倒装）