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Unit 5 Fun clubs 语法 学案 2024-2025学年人教版英语七年级上册
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人教版（2024）七年级上册英语语法Unit 5 Fun clubs 语法基础情态动词一、定义与特征情态动词是一种本身有一定词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词，但不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词原形一起构成谓语。其主要特征包括：有一定词义：但不能单独作谓语。无人称和数的变化（have to除外）：如“he has to stay here”。后接动词原形。有助动词作用：可构成否定、疑问或简短回答。二、常见情态动词及其用法1. can/couldcan：表示能力，“能，会”。如：Can you swim?表示怀疑、猜测，常用于否定句或疑问句。如：He can't be in the room.表示请求、允许，多用于口语，译“可以”= may。如：You can go now.could：can的过去式，表示过去的能力。如：I could swim when I was five.could开头的疑问句，肯定和否定回答用could/couldn't；如果could表示现在的委婉，用can回答。如：Could I have a drink? Yes, you can.2. may/mightmay：表示推测，“可能，也许”，用于肯定句。表示请求、允许，“许可，可以”。如：May I borrow your book?表示祝愿。如：May you succeed.might：may的过去式，表示过去的允许或可能。用于现在时，表示说话更委婉、礼貌。如：He might be doing his homework now.3. must/have tomust：表示义务、命令或必要，“必须”。如：You must finish your homework.表示推测，“一定”。如：It must be raining outside.否定句中，mustn't表示禁止，“不允许”。have to：“必须，不得不”，强调客观需要，含有时态的变化。如：I'll have to ask him instead.4. should/ought toshould：表示义务、责任，“应该”。如：You should help your mother.作为shall的过去式，用于第一、三人称，表示征求意见。表示“竟然”。如：It's unthinkable that he should say such a thing.表示劝告、建议。如：You should go to bed early.ought to：表示职责、义务或要求，语气比should强。如：You ought to apologize.ought to have done表示本应该做而没有做。5. will/wouldwill：用于第二人称表示询问、请求，也可以表达现在的“意愿”。如：Will you help me?表示意愿、决定、允诺，用于各种人称。如：I will try my best.表示规律性的“注定会”。如：Fish will die out of water.would：表示过去的意愿或委婉询问。如：Would you like some coffee?6. need/dareneed：情态动词：+do，表示“需要”。如：You needn't come so early.实义动词：+to do，用于肯定句，否定或疑问句时用助动词。如：I don't need to go there.dare：情态动词：多用于疑问句、否定句、条件句中。如：I dare not say that.实义动词：dare to do，用于肯定句，否定或疑问句时to可省略。如：He doesn't dare to ask her.三、其他注意事项时态变化：大多数情态动词只有现在式，但have to和过去式could/might/would等可用于表示过去或将来的情况。语气强弱：不同情态动词表达的语气强弱不同，如dare语气较强硬，而shall较温和。否定与疑问：含有情态动词的否定句由“情态动词+not”构成；疑问句则将情态动词置于主语前。情态动词can一、基本含义与形式含义：can意为“能；会；可以”，表示说话人对所说动作的观点，如能力、许可、推测等。形式：can后接动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。二、主要用法表示能力用法：主语+can+动词原形+其他。表示某人具有做某事的能力。示例：He can swim very fast.（他能游得很快。）表示许可或请求用法：多用于口语中，表示请求对方允许自己做某事，或向对方提出请求。示例：Can I use your computer?（我可以用一下你的电脑吗？）表示推测用法：主要用于否定句和疑问句中，表示对某事可能性的推测。示例：That can’t be Lucy. She is in the mall.（那不可能是露西，她正在商场呢。）表示惊讶用法：通常用于疑问句、否定句和惊叹句中，表达惊讶的情绪。示例：How can you say it like that?（你怎么能那样说话呢？）三、否定与疑问形式否定句形式：主语+can't+动词原形+其他。示例：He can't play the piano.（他不会弹钢琴。）一般疑问句形式：Can+主语+动词原形+其他？示例：Can you dance?（你会跳舞吗？）回答：肯定回答用“Yes, 主语+can.”，否定回答用“No, 主语+can't.”。四、其他注意事项could的用法：could是can的过去式，但在某些场合中，could可用来代替can，表示现在的情况，只是语气较can委婉。例如，Could you answer me a question?（你能回答我一个问题吗？）回答时，应用“Yes, I can.”或“No, I can't.”。与动词连用：can可以与feel, hear, see, smell, taste等感官动词连用，表示能够感知到某事。例如，We can see beautiful flowers there.（我们可以看见那里漂亮的花。）在否定句中的强调：can用于否定句时，可以强调某事肯定不真实或不可能发生。语法实践I ____ speak English, but I ____ speak French.A. can; can'tB. can't; canC. can; canD. can't; can't____ you ____ swim?A. Can; canB. Can; /C. Are; canD. Do; canHe ____ play the guitar very well.A. canB. can'tC. mustD. mayThey ____ dance beautifully.A. canB. couldC. mustD. should---- ____ I help you?---- Yes, please. I want to buy a pen.A. CanB. MustC. NeedD. Should---- ____ she sing an English song?---- No, she ____.A. Can; can'tB. Can; canC. Does; doesn'tD. Is; isn'tMy little brother ____ ride a bike now.A. canB. couldC. mustD. should---- ____ we go to the park tomorrow?---- Yes, we can.A. CanB. MustC. NeedD. ShouldShe ____ dance when she was five years old.A. canB. couldC. mayD. mustYou ____ come to my party tomorrow if you are free.A. canB. couldC. mustD. should---- ____ I use your dictionary?---- Of course, you ____.A. Can; canB. Must; mustC. Need; needD. Should; shouldHe ____ not be at home now. He went to the library just now.A. canB. mayC. mustD. can't---- ____ they play football after school?---- No, they ____ play basketball after school.A. Can; canB. Can; can'tC. Do; don'tD. Are; aren't---- ____ I have a look at your new watch?---- Sure, here you are.A. MustB. CanC. NeedD. Should---- ____ she come to the party tomorrow?---- I think she ____.A. Can; canB. Must; mustC. Can; mustD. Must; can---- ____ we go skating this afternoon?---- Sorry, I ____. I have to do my homework.A. Can; can'tB. Must; mustn'tC. Can; mustn'tD. Must; can't---- ____ your sister play the piano?---- Yes, she ____ play it very well.A. Can; canB. Must; mustC. Can; mustD. Must; can---- ____ I borrow your bike?---- Yes, you ____. But you must return it to me tomorrow.A. Can; canB. Must; mustC. Can; mustD. Must; can---- ____ we visit our teacher after school?---- No, we ____. We have to go home now.A. Can; can'tB. Must; mustn'tC. Can; mustn'tD. Must; can't---- ____ she swim when she was four years old?---- No, she ____. But now she ____ swim very well.A. Can; can't; canB. Could; couldn't; canC. Can; can't; couldD. Could; can't; could参考答案1-5 ABAAA6-10AAABA 11-15 ADBBD16-20 AADDB
人教版（2024）七年级上册英语语法Unit 5 Fun clubs 语法基础情态动词一、定义与特征情态动词是一种本身有一定词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词，但不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词原形一起构成谓语。其主要特征包括：有一定词义：但不能单独作谓语。无人称和数的变化（have to除外）：如“he has to stay here”。后接动词原形。有助动词作用：可构成否定、疑问或简短回答。二、常见情态动词及其用法1. can/couldcan：表示能力，“能，会”。如：Can you swim?表示怀疑、猜测，常用于否定句或疑问句。如：He can't be in the room.表示请求、允许，多用于口语，译“可以”= may。如：You can go now.could：can的过去式，表示过去的能力。如：I could swim when I was five.could开头的疑问句，肯定和否定回答用could/couldn't；如果could表示现在的委婉，用can回答。如：Could I have a drink? Yes, you can.2. may/mightmay：表示推测，“可能，也许”，用于肯定句。表示请求、允许，“许可，可以”。如：May I borrow your book?表示祝愿。如：May you succeed.might：may的过去式，表示过去的允许或可能。用于现在时，表示说话更委婉、礼貌。如：He might be doing his homework now.3. must/have tomust：表示义务、命令或必要，“必须”。如：You must finish your homework.表示推测，“一定”。如：It must be raining outside.否定句中，mustn't表示禁止，“不允许”。have to：“必须，不得不”，强调客观需要，含有时态的变化。如：I'll have to ask him instead.4. should/ought toshould：表示义务、责任，“应该”。如：You should help your mother.作为shall的过去式，用于第一、三人称，表示征求意见。表示“竟然”。如：It's unthinkable that he should say such a thing.表示劝告、建议。如：You should go to bed early.ought to：表示职责、义务或要求，语气比should强。如：You ought to apologize.ought to have done表示本应该做而没有做。5. will/wouldwill：用于第二人称表示询问、请求，也可以表达现在的“意愿”。如：Will you help me?表示意愿、决定、允诺，用于各种人称。如：I will try my best.表示规律性的“注定会”。如：Fish will die out of water.would：表示过去的意愿或委婉询问。如：Would you like some coffee?6. need/dareneed：情态动词：+do，表示“需要”。如：You needn't come so early.实义动词：+to do，用于肯定句，否定或疑问句时用助动词。如：I don't need to go there.dare：情态动词：多用于疑问句、否定句、条件句中。如：I dare not say that.实义动词：dare to do，用于肯定句，否定或疑问句时to可省略。如：He doesn't dare to ask her.三、其他注意事项时态变化：大多数情态动词只有现在式，但have to和过去式could/might/would等可用于表示过去或将来的情况。语气强弱：不同情态动词表达的语气强弱不同，如dare语气较强硬，而shall较温和。否定与疑问：含有情态动词的否定句由“情态动词+not”构成；疑问句则将情态动词置于主语前。情态动词can一、基本含义与形式含义：can意为“能；会；可以”，表示说话人对所说动作的观点，如能力、许可、推测等。形式：can后接动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。二、主要用法表示能力用法：主语+can+动词原形+其他。表示某人具有做某事的能力。示例：He can swim very fast.（他能游得很快。）表示许可或请求用法：多用于口语中，表示请求对方允许自己做某事，或向对方提出请求。示例：Can I use your computer?（我可以用一下你的电脑吗？）表示推测用法：主要用于否定句和疑问句中，表示对某事可能性的推测。示例：That can’t be Lucy. She is in the mall.（那不可能是露西，她正在商场呢。）表示惊讶用法：通常用于疑问句、否定句和惊叹句中，表达惊讶的情绪。示例：How can you say it like that?（你怎么能那样说话呢？）三、否定与疑问形式否定句形式：主语+can't+动词原形+其他。示例：He can't play the piano.（他不会弹钢琴。）一般疑问句形式：Can+主语+动词原形+其他？示例：Can you dance?（你会跳舞吗？）回答：肯定回答用“Yes, 主语+can.”，否定回答用“No, 主语+can't.”。四、其他注意事项could的用法：could是can的过去式，但在某些场合中，could可用来代替can，表示现在的情况，只是语气较can委婉。例如，Could you answer me a question?（你能回答我一个问题吗？）回答时，应用“Yes, I can.”或“No, I can't.”。与动词连用：can可以与feel, hear, see, smell, taste等感官动词连用，表示能够感知到某事。例如，We can see beautiful flowers there.（我们可以看见那里漂亮的花。）在否定句中的强调：can用于否定句时，可以强调某事肯定不真实或不可能发生。语法实践I ____ speak English, but I ____ speak French.A. can; can'tB. can't; canC. can; canD. can't; can't____ you ____ swim?A. Can; canB. Can; /C. Are; canD. Do; canHe ____ play the guitar very well.A. canB. can'tC. mustD. mayThey ____ dance beautifully.A. canB. couldC. mustD. should---- ____ I help you?---- Yes, please. I want to buy a pen.A. CanB. MustC. NeedD. Should---- ____ she sing an English song?---- No, she ____.A. Can; can'tB. Can; canC. Does; doesn'tD. Is; isn'tMy little brother ____ ride a bike now.A. canB. couldC. mustD. should---- ____ we go to the park tomorrow?---- Yes, we can.A. CanB. MustC. NeedD. ShouldShe ____ dance when she was five years old.A. canB. couldC. mayD. mustYou ____ come to my party tomorrow if you are free.A. canB. couldC. mustD. should---- ____ I use your dictionary?---- Of course, you ____.A. Can; canB. Must; mustC. Need; needD. Should; shouldHe ____ not be at home now. He went to the library just now.A. canB. mayC. mustD. can't---- ____ they play football after school?---- No, they ____ play basketball after school.A. Can; canB. Can; can'tC. Do; don'tD. Are; aren't---- ____ I have a look at your new watch?---- Sure, here you are.A. MustB. CanC. NeedD. Should---- ____ she come to the party tomorrow?---- I think she ____.A. Can; canB. Must; mustC. Can; mustD. Must; can---- ____ we go skating this afternoon?---- Sorry, I ____. I have to do my homework.A. Can; can'tB. Must; mustn'tC. Can; mustn'tD. Must; can't---- ____ your sister play the piano?---- Yes, she ____ play it very well.A. Can; canB. Must; mustC. Can; mustD. Must; can---- ____ I borrow your bike?---- Yes, you ____. But you must return it to me tomorrow.A. Can; canB. Must; mustC. Can; mustD. Must; can---- ____ we visit our teacher after school?---- No, we ____. We have to go home now.A. Can; can'tB. Must; mustn'tC. Can; mustn'tD. Must; can't---- ____ she swim when she was four years old?---- No, she ____. But now she ____ swim very well.A. Can; can't; canB. Could; couldn't; canC. Can; can't; couldD. Could; can't; could参考答案1-5 ABAAA6-10AAABA 11-15 ADBBD16-20 AADDB
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