新高考英语三轮冲刺查缺补漏【培优冲刺专练01】名词的数与词形转化（2份打包，原卷版+解析版）

这是一份新高考英语三轮冲刺查缺补漏【培优冲刺专练01】名词的数与词形转化（2份打包，原卷版+解析版），文件包含新高考英语三轮冲刺查缺补漏培优冲刺专练01名词的数与词形转化原卷版doc、新高考英语三轮冲刺查缺补漏培优冲刺专练01名词的数与词形转化解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共26页， 欢迎下载使用。

（2024·河北沧州·一模）The launch successfully delivered three cmmercial satellites int the 13 planned (plan) rbit abut 460 kilmeters abve the Earth, further highlighting the 14 (mature) and stability f the ZQ-2 carrier rcket
3.（2024·北京东城·一模）A grwing number f 24 (educate) say the panic abut AI is a lt like the panic caused by the Internet when it was new. One f them says, “ChatGPT is t English and t writing what the calculatr is t math.”
（2024·河北·模拟预测）“With the 28 (cperate) and assistance frm grund cntrllers and the space statin’s rbtic arm, the team cmpleted all their assigned tasks successfully
（2024·河北沧州·模拟预测） Images and data frm the Gafen satellites have been widely used at thusands f research bdies and enterprises in dzens f 41 (industry) acrss China．
6.（2024·全国·模拟预测）As a 51 (prve) f cncept, theretical physicist Wlfgang Fink’s team built their first “breadcrumb” sensrs cmmunicating via Wi-Fi.
7.（2024·河南·一模）After the 60 (cmplete) f the Tianwen Ⅰ missin, China will als plan a number f Tianwen series f planetary explratin missins t explre the vastness f space.（2024·新疆·一模）The cnfinement (封闭) in a small spacecraft can damage their mental health. 68 (emergency) challenge their knwledge and ability.
9（2024·广东·模拟预测）The rcket has a 81 (high) f 53.1 meters, a cre-stage diameter f 3.35 meters, and a liftff weight f 597 metric tns.
10.（2024·安徽·三模）Lan Ting Xu (The Orchid Pavilin Preface),is ne f the mst celebrated 91 (masterpiece) f Chinese calligraphy
11.（2024·安徽滁州·二模）She said that reading is a shrtcut t learning English in a freign language envirnment, as quality reading materials intrduce children t genuine dialgue they can reprduce in real-life 101 (cnversatin).
12（2024·安徽滁州·二模）Chen 99 (suggest) that children make use f dialgues that meet actual daily needs and read 100 (grade) materials r picture bks that match their cgnitive (认知) level and interest and which are f practical use.
（2024·河北张家口·模拟预测）At first, Bnin was hesitant abut the trip because she had an extremely 109 (limit) understanding f China.
14.（2024·湖南·一模）Interesting, meaningful and featured activities are 121 (special) designed frm the mment yu stepped int the museum t the time yu leave.
15.（2024·江苏·模拟预测）Knwn as Tianshui Malatang, which 129 (literal) means spicy and ht, the lcal dish is ppular fr its large prtin f skewered meat
16.（2024·上海普陀·二模） It is believed that by arranging things 158 (apprpriate), ne can harmnize the energies f the natural wrld
17.(2024·辽宁·模拟预测）Munt Tai, is a representative f Chinese muntains with 165 (impress) views and beautiful natural scenery
18.（2024·湖北·三模）S far, Shushan Stne, 283 (fficial) named “China Natinal Stne”, becming a symbl f elegance, dignity and wisdm, which is wrthy f cllectin.
19.（2024·河北沧州·模拟预测）the Gafen 12D was carried by a Lng March 4C rcket that lifted ff at 1:45 am at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center and 36 (success) arrived in its rbit.
20.（2024·全国·模拟预测）In a classic tale, Hansel and Gretel drpped breadcrumbs (面包屑) while walking thrugh a 45 (risk) frest s that they wuldn’t lse their way.
Part B
Passage1
（2024·重庆九龙坡·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It is a beautiful drne (无人机) sht, 1 ppular kind f vide yu might see in a travel vide. Hwever, there is n drne 2 camera, and yu needn’t travel in persn because the vide was generated by AI, which is frm a new tl prgrammed by Open AI called Sra.
It’s nt perfect, but it’s a large step up frm what we’ve seen befre. What mst peple dn’t knw is 3 Sra can d mre than just create vides frm scratch. It can cmbine separate vides int ne scene. And its vides can be up 4 a minute lng and in 1080p reslutin.
5 (cmpare) with Runway ML, the difference with Sra is that it’s cherent. Previus system have a 6 (character) mrphing (图像渐变) quality as the vide 7 (prgress). With Sra, that’s vastly reduced r gne altgether. The 8 (bject) remain stable even when cvered by things in the fregrund. We’ve seen smething similar t this in research since 2019, but what is new is the ability 9 (cmbine) tw vides tgether in ne scene. It can als make up different camera angles f a single scene with just ne prmpt.
Sra, like digital audi wrkstatin 10 (envelp) recrding studis several years ag, must be a trend sn.
Passage2
（2024·河北沧州·一模）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
The ZQ-2 Y3 rcket, develped by Chinese privately-wned aerspace cmpany LandSpace, 11 (launch) int space n September 9th, 2023 frm the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, taking three satellites int rbit.
It is the secnd successful flight fr the cmpany with the ZQ-2 series rcket, the 12 (late) example f Chinese privately-wned aerspace cmpanies sending satellites int rbit. The launch successfully delivered three cmmercial satellites int the 13 (plan) rbit abut 460 kilmeters abve the Earth, further highlighting the 14 (mature) and stability f the ZQ-2 carrier rcket, and als 15 (mark) a step frward fr the cmpany and China’s cmmercial aerspace industry.
The ZQ-2 Y3 has 16 ttal length f 49.5 meters, which is capable f placing a 1.5-tn paylad int a typical sun-synchrnus rbit at abut 500 kilmeters abve the Earth. Future mdels culd ultimately increase the paylad t fur tns, 17 can facilitate the deplyment (部署) f lw earth rbit satellites and carg spacecraft.
Nw China is hme 18 wrld-class enterprises in the fields f raw materials, electrnic infrmatin, and equipment required fr rcket manufacturing (制造). 19 (bvius), the rapid develpment f China’s cmmercial aerspace cmpanies and the dmestically develped rckets with cst advantages 20 (benefit) China’s Internet cnstellatin (互联网星座) cnstructin plan greatly in the future.
Passage3
（2024·北京东城·一模）语法填空
ChatGPT is a chatbt. Sme schls 21 (ban) it since its birth. They need time t make rules abut 22 it’s t be used prperly in class. Sme teachers see it as a 23 (cheat) tl. But many principals believe it’s t late t keep AI ut f classrms. A grwing number f 24 (educate) say the panic abut AI is a lt like the panic caused by the Internet when it was new. One f them says, “ChatGPT is t English and t writing what the calculatr is t math.”
Passage4
（2024·河北·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Shenzhu XVII crew cnducted their secnd spacewalk utside the Tiangng space statin n Saturday, 25 (cmplete) the first repair peratin by Chinese astrnauts, accrding t the China Manned Space Agency.
The agency said that missin cmmander Tang Hngb and crew member Jiang Xinlin 26 (return) t the Wentian science mdule (舱) at 1:32 pm after flating fr nearly eight hurs utside the huge rbital statin. The 27 (three) crew member Tang Shengjie, stayed inside Tiangng t prvide supprt.
“With the 28 (cperate) and assistance frm grund cntrllers and the space statin’s rbtic arm, the team cmpleted all their assigned tasks 29 (successful),” the agency said. It was the 15th spacewalk 30 (carry) ut by Chinese astrnauts. During the spacewalk, Tang Hngb and Jiang Xinlin repaired damage t parts n the Tianhe cre mdule’s slar wings that was caused by tiny space debris (碎片).
The Shenzhu XVII astrnauts, 31 are the sixth crew t inhabit the Tiangng space statin, arrived at the enrmus flying utpst n Oct. 26, 2023 t take ver frm their peers (同行) in the Shenzhu XVI missin.
On Dec. 21, the crew perfrmed their first spacewalk 32 finished a hst f tasks including carrying ut test repairs, t. They are scheduled 33 (wrap) up their spaceflight at the end f April and will hand ver the Tiangng space statin 34 the Shenzhu XVIII crew befre returning t Earth.
Passage5
（2024·河北沧州·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China launched a remte-sensing satellite fr Earth bservatin, accrding t China Aerspace Science and Technlgy Crpratin, 35 said in a news release that the Gafen 12D was carried by a Lng March 4C rcket that lifted ff at 1:45 am at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center and 36 (success) arrived in its rbit.
Remte-sensing satellites refer t thse 37 (task) with bserving, surveying and measuring bjects n land r at sea as well as mnitring weather. Develped by the Shanghai Academy f Spaceflight Technlgy, the Gafen 12D 38 (equip) with micrwave paylads and its data will be used in land mapping, urban planning, agricultural yield frecasting, and disaster preventin.
China launched the Gafen prgram in May 2010 and listed it 39 ne f the 16 natinal imprtant prjects in science and technlgy. By nw, the prgram has established a massive space-based system with mre than 30 satellites in 40 (act) service. Images and data frm the Gafen satellites have been widely used at thusands f research bdies and enterprises in dzens f 41 (industry) acrss China and have helped reduce the cuntry's 42 (depend) n freign remte-sensing prducts.
The Lng March 4C rcket, als 43 prduct f the Shanghai-based academy, has a liftff weight f 250 metric tns, and is mainly used t send satellites t sun-synchrnus rbit. It is capable f 44 (transprt) satellites with a cmbined weight f 3 metric tns t a typical sun-synchrnus rbit 700 kilmeters abve the Earth.
Passage6
（2024·全国·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In a classic tale, Hansel and Gretel drpped breadcrumbs (面包屑) while walking thrugh a 45 (risk) frest s that they wuldn’t lse their way. Drawing inspiratin frm this, scientists believe rvers (探测器) may ne day use a similar trick t mve acrss ther planets 46 lsing their data.
Typically, all the infrmatin a rver 47 (gather) befre will be lst if it permanently lses cmmunicatin during a missin. 48 (avid) this, scientists suggest using a multi-rver system in which a “s n rver” is cnnected t a “mther rver”. The sn rver wuld then g int any especially uncertain area, such as a cave, 49 (mve) n t spread sensrs the size f breadcrumbs alng the way, which culd then cmmunicate 50 (direct) with each ther thrugh a wireless netwrk and channel any cllected data back t the mther rver. As a 51 (prve) f cncept, theretical physicist Wlfgang Fink’s team built their first “breadcrumb” sensrs cmmunicating via Wi-Fi.
This is just ne f the mst impressive applicatins 52 cme t yur knwledge in terms f the breadcrumb strategy. It can als be useful here n Earth because a rver can 53 (send) with the “breadcrumb” sensrs t disaster-stricken areas and transfer (传送) the infrmatin t peple, n matter 54 dangerus it is.
Passage7
（2024·河南·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has set up its 55 (ne) deep space explratin labratry with the purpse f carrying ut deep space explratin as well as cutting-edge technlgy research in the field f spaceflight. The labratry, 56 (lcate) in Anhui prvince, is a new type f science and technlgy research and develpment institutin that realizes the integratin f science, technlgy and engineering.
The labratry is 57 (supprt) deep space explratin and carry ut frntier, 58 (base) and strategic research in the field. It will als undertake research and demnstratin. The labratry is an pen platfrm 59 internatinal talents can cme t wrk.
After the 60 (cmplete) f the Tianwen Ⅰ missin, China will als plan a number f Tianwen series f planetary explratin missins t explre the vastness f space. 61 will be the Tianwen Ⅱ, Tianwen Ⅲ, Tianwen Ⅳ, etc. The main task f the fllw-up is t explre the asterids (小行星) in deep space. The asterid samples 62 (cllect) back. After that, China will be prepared t explre Jupiter and ther planets in the slar system, 63 (hpe) t cmplete the explratin f 100 astrnmical units in 2049, t reach 15 billin kilmeters frm Earth, r even 64 the edge f the slar system.
（2024·新疆·一模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The year f 2023 marks the 20th anniversary f China’s first manned space missin, with Yang Liwei 65 (becme) the first Chinese astrnaut t g t space in 2003. Since then, anther 19 astrnauts 66 (reach) fr the stars. Experts revealed hw tugh the training is befre astrnauts saring (高飞) t space.
The human bdy is nt designed fr space life. Astrnauts are faced with multiple challenges. The changes in gravity can have an impact 67 their bdies. The cnfinement (封闭) in a small spacecraft can damage their mental health. 68 (emergency) challenge their knwledge and ability. S astrnauts have t meet 69 (extreme) high standards and g thrugh a tugh training prgram.
T make sure astrnauts cmplete their missins and return t Earth safely, eight types, including ver 200 subjects f training, were set. Apart frm physical fitness training, it als cntains 70 (base) scientific theries, psychlgical health, and mck (模拟) missins.
71 makes the training the mst tiring is underwater training. This training is designed fr astrnauts 72 (adapt) t the micrgravity envirnment. Astrnauts stay underwater in suits weighing ver 100 kilgrams fr six hurs at 73 time. Water resistance and the heavy suit make astrnauts 74 (exhaust).
Each astrnaut receives training fr at least three and a half years befre having the chance t g t space.
Passage9
（2024·广东·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Tianzhu 7 rbtic carg ship is scheduled 75 (launch) in the cming days, accrding t the China Manned Space Agency. A Lng March 7 carrier rcket, tasked with lifting the Tianzhu 7, has been mved t its launch service twer at the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan prvince.
Tianzhu 7 will becme the 76 (twelve) spaceship t visit the Chinese space statin. It will deliver prpellants (推进剂), science paylads and necessities fr the Shenzhu XVII astrnauts, 77 have been in rbit fr 81 days.
Pang Zhiha, an expert n space explratin technlgy said that the Tianzhu 7 78 (expect) t transprt living necessities and wrk materials 79 the Tiangng t supprt the Shenzhu XVII and XVIII missin crews.
The Lng March 7 mdel is a liquid-fueled rcket 80 (develp) by the China Academy f Launch Vehicle Technlgy. The rcket has a 81 (high) f 53.1 meters, a cre-stage diameter f 3.35 meters, and a liftff weight f 597 metric tns. With six 120-tn-thrust engines, the launch vehicle can send 13.5 tns f paylad t a lw-Earth rbit 82 5.5 tns t a sun-synchrnus rbit.
83 (rbit) Earth at abut 400 kilmeters abve the grund, Tiangng has three permanent parts — a cre mdule and tw science capsules — and is 84 (regular) cnnected t several visiting crew and carg spaceships.
Passage10
（2024·安徽·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese calligraphy is an artistic practice f writing Chinese characters, ften with a brush and ink n xuan paper. The evlutin f Chinese calligraphy 85 (begin) alngside the earliest Chinese characters discvered t date. Over time, calligraphy gradually tk shape as a frm f art rather than 86 mere means f recrd. The five majr styles f script, running, cursive (草书), fficial, seal (篆书) and regular, were brn frm such calligraphy.
Calligraphy is a demanding and 87 (advance) art. The type f brush, quantity f ink and quality f paper can all alter the utput. Frm brush directin t speed f writing, every twist and turn f the wrist 88 (calculate). Structure f individual characters and spatial layut as a whle determine its quality. Mrever, it is said that the emtins and philsphy f the writer are 89 (direct) reflected n calligraphy.
Calligraphy is refined art. Lan Ting Xu (The Orchid Pavilin Preface), 90 was created by Wang Xizhi during the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317-420), is ne f the mst celebrated 91 (masterpiece) f Chinese calligraphy. Its elegance and expressive brushwrk make it significant in Chinese literature. Hwever, calligraphy is als 92 reach, like the spring festival cuplets n the drs f flks, 93 (represent) aesthetic (审美的) appreciatin fr the Chinese.
Where there is Chinese language, there is Chinese calligraphy, 94 where there is calligraphy, there is beauty. The artistry is still highly valued tday, fr it is mre than just writing, it is living heritage.
Passage11
（2024·安徽滁州·二模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Language is naturally acquired when children are able t use it pleasurably, and language acquisitin by children 95 (them) saves bth time and labr, said English-language educatin expert Chen Yaping.
Based 96 bservatin and study, the prfessr at the Schl f English and Internatinal Studies at Beijing Freign Studies University and directr f its Child Language Research Centre, said Chinese children 97 (cmmn) lack access t genuine English dialgues fr learning and using 98 language.
Chen 99 (suggest) that children make use f dialgues that meet actual daily needs and read 100 (grade) materials r picture bks that match their cgnitive (认知) level and interest and which are f practical use.
She said that reading is a shrtcut t learning English in a freign language envirnment, as quality reading materials intrduce children t genuine dialgue they can reprduce in real-life 101 (cnversatin).
“Children read because they lve t read, nt because they are tld that reading is imprtant fr learning English. We shuld allw them 102 (give) up reading a bk halfway thrugh and pick up anther ne 103 they are mre interested in,” said Chen.
She added that relieving anxiety, making children feel safe, and allwing them t experience a sense f 104 (achieve) are vital t learning English.
Passage12
（2024·河北张家口·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 2017, when Bnin was wrking fr a Spanish e-cmmerce cmpany ding business in Chile, she received an invitatin frm China 105 (participate) in a frum (论坛) abut the Belt and Rad Initiative. In 2013, China prpsed this initiative t imprve 106 (cnnect) between the cuntries alng and beynd the ancient Silk Rad rutes. By 2023, 22 Suth American cuntries, including Chile, 107 (jin) the initiative.
At first, Bnin was hesitant abut 108 trip because she had an extremely 109 (limit) understanding f China. Her references t the cuntry were nly the Chinatwns in a few cities arund the wrld. She said, “But then I figured this might be a little different frm what I knw. And s, 110 the end, I accepted the invitatin.”
In June 2017, Bnin visited China fr three weeks, and fund 111 (her) pleasantly surprised. She recalled, “I was crazy abut China. It fascinated me.”
She was s impressed 112 she fund a way t return that same year and eventually gt a master’s degree in business administratin in Beijing. After 113 (cmplete) her graduate studies, she wrked in China fr a while and discvered a few new 114 (pprtunity), all in all, living in the cuntry frm 2017 t 2019.
Tday, Bnin manages Ls Andes Beltrad frm Chile, in the exprt f cherries and plums frm the Andes Muntains t the Chinese market.


Passage13
（2024·湖南·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sichuan cuisine, ne f the eight majr cuisines in China, is nw ppular all ver the wrld. In February 2010, Chengdu 115 (award) the hnrary title f “City f Gastrnmy” (美食之都) by UNESCO. T experience cmprehensive Sichuan cuisine culture, yu shuld definitely visit Sichuan Cuisine Museum (als Chuancais Museum), the first museum 116 (display) a reginal cking culture in the wrld.
117 (cver) an area f mre than 40 mu, the museum frms 118 unique cultural landscape f ancient Kingdm f Shu in Chinese histry. In this AAA natinal museum, yu can appreciate mre than 6,000 pieces f antique and cultural relics related t Sichuan cuisine culture, as well as 119 (catch) a glimpse f new style classic garden scenery and traditinal western Sichuan style flk huses. Sichuan Cuisine Museum is the nly “EATABLE MUSEUM”, 120 yu can nt nly learn Sichuan cuisine culture by using eyes and ears, but als enjy it by using muth and nse. Interesting, meaningful and featured activities are 121 (special) designed frm the mment yu stepped int the museum t the time yu leave. The highlighted experience fr yur visit shuld be cking the typical Sichuan dishes 122 the guidance f the prfessinal chef. There is arguably n better way t knw mre abut a cuisine 123 learning hw t ck it yurself.
Start yur 124 (explre) frm Sichuan Cuisine Museum, enjy different aspects f Sichuan cuisine, satisfy yur curisity and taste buds and experience all fun fr “Playing with Chuancais”.
Passage14
（2024·江苏·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Fllwing the barbecue-induced travel craze t the city f Zib in East China, Chinese scial media has nce again highlighted the next internet-famus city wrthy f 125 (explre).
This time it’s Tianshui, a lw-key city in China’s Gansu prvince that 126 (take) the sptlight recently. It has attracted cnsiderable attentin 127 fd enthusiasts and scial media influencers nline, 128 (celebrate) the city’s icnic dish f ht pt.
Knwn as Tianshui Malatang, which 129 (literal) means spicy and ht, the lcal dish is ppular fr its large prtin f skewered meat, vegetables, 130 hand-made ptat ndles in a pt f biling brth (肉汤).
Tw fd blggers, with ver 3 millin fllwers in their accunt n the ppular Chinese Weib, 131 (be) amng the influencers praising the deliciusness f Tianshui Malatang. Their vlgs shw eager fd enthusiasts lining up n the streets, many f 132 traveled frm cities far away.
Dng Liangyan, 29, frm Daqing in Heilngjiang prvince, 133 (lcate) mre than 2,000 km away frm Tianshui, tld Xinhua that she was abslutely delighted 134 (enjy) the lcal delicacy.
Passage15
（2024·上海普陀·二模）Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
What If Yu’re Nt Gd at English?
Researchers whse first language is nt English can spend arund twice as lng reading an English scientific jurnal article as native speakers. Fr a PhD student, that can mean 135 (spend) up t 19 additinal wrking days per year just reading papers.
These statistics, 136 (publish) tday in PLOS Bilgy, might nt be shcking, researchers say, but it’s imprtant t measure the effects f language barriers n the careers f academics 137 are nt fluent in English. “It is the first step fr the scientific cmmunity 138 (make) mre effrts t slve this prblem”, says Tatsuya Aman, a bidiversity researcher at the University f Queensland in Brisbane, Australia, and a c-authr f the study.
The team fund that amng scientists wh had published nly ne paper in English, scientists frm cuntries 139 English is generally pr spent 29.8 percent mre time writing papers than native English speakers; 140 frm cuntries with mderate English prficiency (能力) spent 50.6% mre time. Similarly, the researchers fund that peple frm cuntries with lw English prficiency spent an average f 90.8 percent mre time reading scientific articles 141 native English speakers.
At cnferences, even thse wh vercme bstacles face difficulties in presenting their wrk in English. Germana Barata, a researcher wh 142 (specialize) in science cmmunicatin at the State University f Campinas in Brazil, says that despite being fluent in English, she still feels uncmfrtable at times. “We 143 (give) the same amunt f time t present, but all that we can say in 10 minutes is different frm 144 a native speaker can say,” she pints ut.