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高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 1 A new start精品课时作业
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这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 1 A new start精品课时作业，文件包含Unit1AnewstartDevelopingideasreading分层练习原卷版pptxdocx、Unit1AnewstartDevelopingideasreading分层练习解析版pptxdocx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共15页， 欢迎下载使用。
分层练习
语言知识
一、（2024·高一课时练习）单词拼写
1 The ______________ (恐龙) became extinct befre the appearance f man.
2 The mment we arrived n the island we were eager t e______________ new plants.
3 We bked a fur-star htel with its wn swimming pl and leisure _____________ (设施).
4 Peple were pushing each ther ut f the way in their ______________ (热切) t get t the frnt.
5 The tpics f a travel _____________ (日志) can be different frm a diary, ften including peple, things and events less familiar t readers.
6 Every year I _____________ (订阅) t China Daily in rder t imprve my English.
7 As an English saying ges, n pains, n g______________.
8 V_____________ (自愿者) were ready and waiting t pack the fd in bxes.
9 A special ______________ (委员会) f scientists was set up t study the disease.
10 D yu knw the mney was cllected fr a ______________ (特定的) purpse?
【答案】
1 dinsaur 2 explre 3 facilities 4 eagerness 5 jurnal 6 subscribe 7 gains 8 vlunteers 9 cmmittee 10 specific
二、（2024·高一课时练习）汉译英
1．被吸引到…… _________
2．使它成为我们第二个家 __________
3．危险的太阳辐射 ________
4．活着 ________
5．一个日常挑战 ________
6．包含一个封闭空间 ________
7．被设计来…… ________
8．依靠自身的氧气，食物和水运转 ________
9．为我们提供关于……更好的理解 ________
10．成功地种植了不同种类的植物 ________
11．向前的一大步 ________
12．目前 ________
13．同时 ________
14．由人类活动引起 ________
15．对生物圈有恶劣的影响 ________
【答案】
1．be drawn twards…
2．make it ur secnd hme
3．dangerus slar radiatin
4．stay alive
5．a daily challenge
6．cnsist f a clsed space
7．be designed t d…
8．functin with its wn xygen, fd and water
9．prvide us with a better understanding f …
10．succeed in grwing a variety f plants
11．a big step frward
12．fr nw
13．in the meantime / meanwhile
14．be caused by human activity
15．have a terrible effect n the bisphere
【解析】
1．“被吸引到……”，动词draw (吸引)，英文表达为be drawn twards…，故答案为：be drawn twards…。
2．“使它成为我们第二个家”，动词make (使)，宾语it，宾补ur secnd hme (我们第二个家)，英文表达为make it ur secnd hme，故答案为：make it ur secnd hme。
3．“危险的太阳辐射”，形容词dangerus (危险的)作定语修饰名词短语slar radiatin (太阳辐射)，英文表达为dangerus slar radiatin，故答案为：dangerus slar radiatin。
4．“活着”，系动词stay (继续是)，形容词alive (活着的)作表语，英文表达为stay alive，故答案为：stay alive。
5．“一个日常挑战”，形容词daily (日常的)作定语修饰名词challenge (挑战)，英文表达为a daily challenge，故答案为：a daily challenge。
6．“包含一个封闭空间”，动词短语cnsist f (包含)，形容词clsed (封闭的)作定语修饰名词space (空间)，英文表达为cnsist f a clsed space，故答案为：cnsist f a clsed space。
7．“被设计来……”，动词design (设计)，英文表达为be designed t d…，故答案为：be designed t d…。
8．“依靠自身的氧气，食物和水运转”，动词短语functin with (用……运转)，名词短语wn xygen, fd and water (自身的氧气，食物和水)，英文表达为functin with its wn xygen, fd and water，故答案为：functin with its wn xygen, fd and water。
9．“为我们提供关于……更好的理解”，动词短语prvide sb. with sth. (提供某人某物)，名词短语a better understanding f (……更好的理解)，英文表达为prvide us with a better understanding f …，故答案为：prvide us with a better understanding f …。
10．“成功地种植了不同种类的植物”，动词短语succeed in ding sth. (成功做某事)，动词grw (种植)，a variety f (不同种类的)，复数名词plants (植物)，英文表达为succeed in grwing a variety f plants，故答案为：succeed in grwing a variety f plants。
11．“向前的一大步”，英文表达为a big step frward，故答案为：a big step frward。
12．“目前”，英文表达为fr nw，故答案为：fr nw。
13．“同时”，英文表达为in the meantime / meanwhile，故答案为：in the meantime / meanwhile。
14．“由人类活动引起”，动词短语be caused by (由……引起)，名词短语human activity (人类活动)，英文表达为be caused by human activity，故答案为：be caused by human activity。
15．“对生物圈有恶劣的影响”，动词短语have a(n) + adj.+ effect n…(对……有……的影响)，形容词terrible (恶劣的)，名词bisphere (生物圈)，英文表达为have a terrible effect n the bisphere，故答案为：have a terrible effect n the bisphere。
三、（2024·高一课时练习）选词填空
describe, rganise, memrise,schedule, exchange, in panic, in particular, butterflies in ne’s stmach, lk frward t, g all ut
1. Our team finished the wrk ahead f _______________.
2. I like watching American TV series, and _______________ Mdern Family.
3. My grandparents are _______________ watching the Chinese Military Celebratin f the 70th Anniversary.
4. The instructin prvides a detailed _______________ f hw t use the phne t take pictures.
5. It takes a lt f time _______________ a cncert.
6. I have _______________ . I mean I am nervus.
7. Peple ran everywhere _______________ when they heard bursts f gunfire.
8. We shuld unite tgether and _______________ t realize ur dreams.
9. Thinking is mre imprtant than _______________ in learning.
10. Be willing t _______________ ideas and learn frm thers.
【答案】
1. schedule 2. in particular 3. lking frward t 4. descriptin 5. t rganise
6.butterflies in my stmach 7. in panic 8. g all ut 9. memrising 10. exchange
知识应用
（2024届湖北省荆州中学高三三模）阅读理解
Silent reading is far frm silent in yur brain. Deep within yur head there is a vice reading alud each wrd as yur eyes scan it.
Let’s d a seemingly unrelated experiment first. Turn n yur televisin and radi. Try t understand bth the wrds frm the televisin and the radi cntempraneusly. Yu might have nticed understanding ne surce required ignring the ther, and yu culd feel yur attentin shifting between the tw vices. Althugh we can listen t multiple peple speaking at the same time, we can nly truly understand ne persn speaking at a time.
There are three majr areas that allw yu t understand spken wrds. The first is the Auditry Crtex (听觉皮层), which prcesses the pure characteristics f incming sunds. Bth sides f yur brain cntain this regin. The next area is the Brca/ Wernicke (B/W) netwrk, which makes sense f the spken wrds. This netwrk exists in nly ne side f yur brain. This means that, althugh the sunds f language are initially prcessed in bth sides f the brain, spken wrds must eventually be funneled (流经漏斗) int this single netwrk. This quickly leads t a bttleneck, which is cntrlled by the third area: the left Inferir Frntal Gyrus (IFG, 额下回). When yu try t understand tw peple speaking at the same time, this regin effectively blcks ne vice while it allws the ther t pass thrugh the B/W bttleneck. Any infrmatin that des nt immediately make it thrugh the B/W netwrk disappears cmpletely—there is n wait list.
Nw, let’s bring all the pieces tgether t see why it’s related t yur silent reading. When yu read, the first regin t demnstrate activatin is the Visual Crtex, which prcesses the pure visual characteristics f incming sights. Immediately after the visual crtex activates, the speech areas f the brain fire up because yur brain prcesses yur silent reading in a manner almst identical t the way in which it prcesses an actual, ut-lud speaking vice. Fr this reasn, attempting t read while listening t smene speak is the same as trying t understand tw peple speaking at the same time—it can’t be dne!
1．What des the underlined wrd “cntempraneusly” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．At the same time.B．One at a time.C．On the whle.D．Thrugh cmparisn.
2．Which f the fllwing best illustrates paragraph 3?
Nte: disappear; wait
A．B．
C．D．
3．What may the authr agree with?
A．Students practice listening skills while reading nvels.
B．Students slve math prblem when fllwing a lecture.
C．Teachers keep silent when students are reading attentively.
D．Prfessrs give a speech with a text-heavy PwerPint slide.
4．Which f the fllwing can best serve as an intrductin t the text?
A．The art f cnversatin lies in listening.
B．Reading is nthing but a silent cnversatin.
C．We hear and understand nly what we already knw half.
D．Once an idea gets int yur head, it’s prbably ging t stay there.
【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要探讨了大脑在进行默读时的活动情况，以及人们在同时接收多个声音信息时大脑的处理机制。
1．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Yu might have nticed understanding ne surce required ignring the ther, and yu culd feel yur attentin shifting between the tw vices. Althugh we can listen t multiple peple speaking at the same time, we can nly truly understand ne persn speaking at a time. (你可能已经注意到，理解一种声音需要忽略另一种声音，你可以感觉到你的注意力在两种声音之间转移。虽然我们可以同时听很多人说话，但我们一次只能真正理解一个人说话。)”可知，理解一个声音源需要忽略另一个，这表明人们不能同时真正理解两个声音源。因此，cntempraneusly一词的意思是“同时地”。故选A项。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“The first is the Auditry Crtex (听觉皮层), which prcesses the pure characteristics f incming sunds. Bth sides f yur brain cntain this regin. The next area is the Brca/Wernicke (B/W) netwrk, which makes sense f the spken wrd. This netwrk exists in nly ne side f yur brain. This means that, althugh the sunds f language are initially prcessed in bth sides f the brain, spken wrd must eventually be funneled (流经漏斗) int this single netwrk. This quickly leads t a bttleneck, which is cntrlled by the third area: the left Inferir Frntal Gyrus (IFG, 额下回). When yu try t understand tw peple speaking at the same time, this regin effectively blcks ne vice while it allws the ther t pass thrugh the B/W bttleneck. Any infrmatin that des nt immediately make it thrugh the B/W netwrk disappears cmpletely — there is n waitlist. (第一个是听觉皮层，它处理传入声音的纯粹特征。你的大脑两侧都包含这个区域。下一个区域是Brca/Wernicke (B/W)网络，它负责理解所说的话。这个网络只存在于你大脑的一侧。这意味着，虽然语言的声音最初是在大脑的两侧处理的，但所说的话最终必须流入这个单一的网络。这很快就会导致一个瓶颈，这个瓶颈由第三个区域控制：左侧额下回(IFG)。当你试图理解两个人同时说话时，这个区域有效地阻挡了一个声音，同时允许另一个声音通过B/W瓶颈。任何没有立即通过B/W网络的信息都将完全消失——没有等待名单。)”可知，大脑听觉皮层在同时处理两个声音时，只有一个声音可以由左侧额下回控制，这说明了信息处理的即时性和不可逆性。因此，最能说明第三段的选项是A.信息处理的即时性和不可逆性。故选A项。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Fr this reasn, attempting t read while listening t smene speak is the same as trying t understand tw peple speaking at the same time—it can’t be dne! (因此，一边听别人说话一边阅读就像同时听两个人说话一样——这是不可能做到的。)”可知，作者认为在学生全神贯注阅读时，老师应该保持安静，以避免干扰学生的阅读。故选C项。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Silent reading is far frm silent in yur brain. Deep within yur head there is a vice reading alud each wrd as yur eyes pass ver it. (默读在你的大脑中远非沉默。在你的脑海深处，有一个声音在你的目光掠过时大声朗读着每一个单词。)”以及全文可知，最适合作为文章引言的是“B.阅读是一场无声的对话”，概括了文章的主旨，即阅读和听声音在大脑中是相似的处理过程。故选B项。
五、（2024届河北省名校联盟高三三模）七选五
Cllege is an exciting milestne fr a lt f mst imprtant steps yu’ll need t take s yu’ll be ready t take n higher learning!
Cllege is an exciting milestne fr a lt f peple. 1 Luckily, we've runded up the mst imprtant steps yu'll need t take s yu'll be ready t take n higher learning!
Decide n the degree prgram yu want t pursue.
Chse a path that matches yur interests. Yu’ll be mst likely t succeed in cllege if yu chse a majr that yu really like. 2 Then lk at degree prgrams that will help yu get a jb in that field. Yu culd als talk t peple yu knw well, like yur parents, advisr, r guidance cunselr fr advice.
3
Sign up fr the basics when registratin pens. Mst clleges have the same entry-level curses fr freshmen, regardless f what yur majr is. Sign in t the schl’s registratin website as sn as it pens t make sure yu get the classes yu want. Then use the curse catalg (目录) t chse the electives that yu want t take that semester.
Decide where yu’re ging t live.
Plan whether t live n r ff campus. Living n campus will require yu t pay fr the accmmdatin expenses in the drmitry. Hwever, sme financial aid requires yu t live n campus, and it can be cheaper t live in a drm than t rent an apartment near the schl. Yu’ll als have access t n-campus meals if yu live in a drm. 4
Study a map f campus.
Map ut where each f yur classes will be. Cllege campuses typically cver a vast area — different departments are ften hused in different buildings, nt t mentin drms, administratin buildings, the bkstre, and the fd curt. 5
A．Register fr classes.
B．Check the curse plan fr each class.
C．But there’s a lt that ges int getting ready fr that first day.
D．Plan visits t a few different clleges t really get a feel fr them.
E．And yu wn’t have t factr in transprtatin t yur cllege each day.
F．T avid getting lst, it’s better t figure ut the rute fr each class in advance.
G．Try taking interest assessments and skills assessments t get matched with careers.
【答案】1．C 2．G 3．A 4．E 5．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何为大学第一天做好准备。
1．根据上文“Cllege is an exciting milestne fr a lt f peple.”（对很多人来说，大学是一个激动人心的里程碑）根据下文“Luckily，we've runded up the mst imprtant steps yu'll need t take s yu'll be ready t take n higher learning! ”（幸运的是，我们已经收集了你需要采取的最重要的步骤，这样你就可以接受更高的教育了!）可知，选项与上文为转折关系，且承接下文说明上大学第一天要做的事情还有很多。故C选项“但是第一天的准备工作还有很多”切题。a lt t呼应steps。故选C项。
2．根据上文“Chse a path that matches yur interests. Yu’ll be mst likely t succeed in cllege if yu chse a majr that yu really like.”（如果你选择了你真正喜欢的专业，你在大学里最有可能取得成功）可知，选项承接上文对上文进一步解释说明。故G选项“试着进行兴趣评估和技能评估，以便与职业相匹配”切题。故选G项。
3．根据下文“Sign up fr the basics when registratin pens. Mst clleges have the same entry-level curses fr freshmen, regardless f what yur majr is.”（注册开放时注册基本知识。大多数大学对新生都有相同的入门课程，不管你的专业是什么）本段主要讲要注册课程。故A选项“注册课程”切题，为本段的标题。故选A项。
4．根据上文“Yu’ll als have access t n-campus meals if yu live in a drm.”（如果你住在宿舍里，你也可以享用校园餐。）可知，选项与上文为并列关系继续说明住在学校的好处。故E选项“而且你也不需要考虑每天去学校的交通问题。”切题。故选E项。
5．根据上文“Cllege campuses typically cver a vast area—different departments are ften hused in different buildings, nt t mentin drms, administratin buildings, the bkstre, and the fd curt.”（大学校园通常占地面积很大，不同的系通常位于不同的建筑中，更不用说宿舍、行政大楼、书店和美食广场了。）可知，所以为了不迷路，要规划路线。故F选项“为了避免迷路，最好提前把每节课的路线弄清楚。”切题。故选F项。
六、（2024届江苏省宿迁市高三三模）完形填空
Finding beautiful shells and interesting pieces f driftwd scattered in the sand is ne f the jys f walking alng the beach. Fr ne beachcmber, Tracey’s finds are a little mre 1 .
Back in 1997, abut five millin pieces f Leg (乐高积木) were 2 at sea ff the cast f Crnwall frm a carg ship hit by an nce-in-a-century wave, and the 3 pieces that sn appeared n the beaches quickly became a treasure fr beachcmbers.
When Tracey 4 a piece f Leg ff the cast, she culdn’t have dreamed what started as a cllecting 5 wuld have turned int an explratin f the cean. Tracey 6 her findings n her scial media accunt “LegLstAtSea” and her shreline scial psts f washed up bjects have inspired 7 and grups alike. Thusands f peple gt in 8 , sharing details f their wn beach cmbing 9 .
“It was assumed that rughly half the Leg sank and half 10 ,” says Tracey. “What we’re realizing is that even the Leg that 11 sank is nw starting t wash ashre and it’s gradually drifting alng the seabed.”
Nw Tracey and her fllwers cntinue t 12 the shres and als team up with envirnmental grups and scientists. The scientists calculated the pieces culd 13 anywhere between 100 and 1,300 years. Their next scientific prject is t 15 the spread f the Leg t see hw 14 it has drifted, nt nly n the surface f the cean—sme even reached Hlland—but als alng the seabed.
1．A．luckyB．uniqueC．cmplexD．advanced
2．A．lstB．finishedC．brkenD．shwn
3．A．tidyB．ddC．tinyD．cstly
4．A．held upB．turned upC．picked upD．brught up
5．A．businessB．campaignC．inventinD．exercise
6．A．restredB．labeledC．recrdedD．bserved
7．A．teamsB．visitrsC．jurnalistsD．individuals
8．A．debtB．tuchC．shapeD．truble
9．A．prgramsB．treasuresC．standardsD．experiments
10．A．trnB．drppedC．flatedD．disappeared
11．A．slightlyB．riginallyC．apparentlyD．temprarily
12．A．cmbB．leaveC．blckD．prmte
13．A．evlveB．separateC．imprveD．survive
14．A．mapB．cntrlC．preventD．encurage
15．A．farB．slwlyC．quickD．freely
【答案】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了海滩寻宝者特蕾西在海滩上发现了乐高积木，并激励成千上万的人参与海滩寻宝的故事。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于一个海滩寻宝者来说，特蕾西的发现更为独特。A. lucky幸运的；B. unique独特的；C. cmplex复杂的；D. advanced先进的。根据上文“Finding beautiful shells and interesting pieces f driftwd scattered in the sand is ne f the jys f walking alng the beach.”可知，发现美丽的贝壳和散落在沙滩上的有趣的漂流木是沿着海滩散步的乐趣之一。下文描述了特雷西和她的追随者捡乐高积木， 所以特蕾西的发现更为独特。故选B。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：早在1997年，康沃尔海岸附近的一艘货船被百年一遇的海浪袭击，大约500万块乐高积木在海上丢失，这些很快出现在海滩上的小碎片很快成为海滩游客的宝藏。A. lst丢失；B. finished完成；C. brken打破；裂；碎；D. shwn显示。根据下文“frm a carg ship hit by an nce-in-a-century wave”可知，货船被海浪袭击，大约500万块乐高积木在海上丢失。故选A。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. tidy整洁的；B. dd古怪的；怪异的；C. tiny小的；D. cstly贵的。根据上文“abut five millin pieces f Leg”以及常识可知，此处应用“小”来形容乐高积木。故选C。
4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当特蕾西在海岸边捡到一块乐高积木时，她做梦也想不到最初的收集活动会变成对海洋的探索。A. held up举起；支撑；B. turned up出现；调高；C. picked up拾起；D. brught up提出；养育。根据上文“Fr ne beachcmber”可知，特蕾西是一名沙滩寻宝者，故此处指她在海岸边捡到一块乐高积木。故选C。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. business商务；生意；B. campaign运动；战役；C. inventin发明；D. exercise练习；活动。根据上文“Finding beautiful shells and interesting pieces f driftwd scattered in the sand is ne f the jys f walking alng the beach.”可知，沙滩寻宝是一个收集活动。故选D。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：特蕾西在她的社交媒体账号“Leg Lst At Sea”上记录了她的发现，她在海岸线发布的关于被冲走物体的社交帖子激励了个人和团体。A. restred修复；B. labeled用标签标明；C. recrded记录；D. bserved观察；遵守；庆祝。根据下文“n her scial media accunt “Leg Lst At Sea””可知，她将她的发现记录在社交账号中。故选C。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. teams团队；B. visitrs来访者；游客；C. jurnalists记者；D. individuals个人。根据下文“and grups alike”可知，她的社交帖子激励了个人和团体。故选D。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：成千上万的人取得了联系，分享了他们自己在海滩上搜寻宝藏的细节。A. debt债务；B. tuch联系；C. shape形状；体形；D. truble麻烦。根据下文“sharing details f their wn beach cmbing 9 ”可知，成千上万的人取得了联系。get in tuch意为“取得联系”。故选B。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. prgrams项目；B. treasures宝物；C. standards标准；D. experiments试验。根据上文“her shreline scial psts f washed up bjects have inspired 7 and grups alike.”可知，成千上万的人分享了他们自己在海滩上搜寻宝藏的细节。故选B。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：特蕾西说：“据推测，大约一半的乐高积木沉没，一半漂浮。”A. trn撕开；B. drpped使落下；C. flated漂浮；D. disappeared消失。根据句中“half the Leg sank”可知，一半的乐高积木沉没了，一半漂浮。故选C。
11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们意识到，即使是最初沉没的乐高玩具，现在也开始被冲上岸，并逐渐沿着海床漂流。A. slightly稍微；B. riginally起初；C. apparently显然地；D. temprarily暂时地。根据下文“is nw starting t wash ashre and it’s gradually drifting alng the seabed”可知，最初沉没的乐高玩具，现在也开始被冲上岸。故选B。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，特蕾西和她的追随者们继续搜寻海岸，并与环保组织和科学家合作。A. cmb梳理；搜寻；B. leave离开；C. blck阻挡；D. prmte促进。根据上文“what started as a cllecting 5 wuld have turned int an explratin f the cean”可知，特蕾西和她的追随者们继续搜寻海岸。故选A。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家们计算出这些碎片可以存活100到1300年。A. evlve演变；B. separate使分开；C. imprve改善；D. survive幸存。根据下文“between 100 and 1,300 years”可知，科学家们计算出这些碎片可以存活100到1300年。故选D。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的下一个科学项目是绘制乐高的分布图，看看它漂移了多远，不仅在海洋表面——有些甚至到达了荷兰——而且沿着海床。A. map绘制……的地图；定位；B. cntrl控制；C. prevent阻止；D. encurage鼓励。根据下文“the spread f the Leg t see hw 15 it has drifted”可知，下一步，科学家们将绘制乐高的分布图。故选A。
15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. far远地；B. slwly慢慢地；C. quickly快地；D. freely自由地。根据下文“nt nly n the surface f the cean—sme even reached Hlland—but als alng the seabed”可知，下一步，科学家们将绘制乐高的分布图，看看它漂移了多远。故选A。
分层练习
语言知识
一、（2024·高一课时练习）单词拼写
1 The ______________ (恐龙) became extinct befre the appearance f man.
2 The mment we arrived n the island we were eager t e______________ new plants.
3 We bked a fur-star htel with its wn swimming pl and leisure _____________ (设施).
4 Peple were pushing each ther ut f the way in their ______________ (热切) t get t the frnt.
5 The tpics f a travel _____________ (日志) can be different frm a diary, ften including peple, things and events less familiar t readers.
6 Every year I _____________ (订阅) t China Daily in rder t imprve my English.
7 As an English saying ges, n pains, n g______________.
8 V_____________ (自愿者) were ready and waiting t pack the fd in bxes.
9 A special ______________ (委员会) f scientists was set up t study the disease.
10 D yu knw the mney was cllected fr a ______________ (特定的) purpse?
【答案】
1 dinsaur 2 explre 3 facilities 4 eagerness 5 jurnal 6 subscribe 7 gains 8 vlunteers 9 cmmittee 10 specific
二、（2024·高一课时练习）汉译英
1．被吸引到…… _________
2．使它成为我们第二个家 __________
3．危险的太阳辐射 ________
4．活着 ________
5．一个日常挑战 ________
6．包含一个封闭空间 ________
7．被设计来…… ________
8．依靠自身的氧气，食物和水运转 ________
9．为我们提供关于……更好的理解 ________
10．成功地种植了不同种类的植物 ________
11．向前的一大步 ________
12．目前 ________
13．同时 ________
14．由人类活动引起 ________
15．对生物圈有恶劣的影响 ________
【答案】
1．be drawn twards…
2．make it ur secnd hme
3．dangerus slar radiatin
4．stay alive
5．a daily challenge
6．cnsist f a clsed space
7．be designed t d…
8．functin with its wn xygen, fd and water
9．prvide us with a better understanding f …
10．succeed in grwing a variety f plants
11．a big step frward
12．fr nw
13．in the meantime / meanwhile
14．be caused by human activity
15．have a terrible effect n the bisphere
【解析】
1．“被吸引到……”，动词draw (吸引)，英文表达为be drawn twards…，故答案为：be drawn twards…。
2．“使它成为我们第二个家”，动词make (使)，宾语it，宾补ur secnd hme (我们第二个家)，英文表达为make it ur secnd hme，故答案为：make it ur secnd hme。
3．“危险的太阳辐射”，形容词dangerus (危险的)作定语修饰名词短语slar radiatin (太阳辐射)，英文表达为dangerus slar radiatin，故答案为：dangerus slar radiatin。
4．“活着”，系动词stay (继续是)，形容词alive (活着的)作表语，英文表达为stay alive，故答案为：stay alive。
5．“一个日常挑战”，形容词daily (日常的)作定语修饰名词challenge (挑战)，英文表达为a daily challenge，故答案为：a daily challenge。
6．“包含一个封闭空间”，动词短语cnsist f (包含)，形容词clsed (封闭的)作定语修饰名词space (空间)，英文表达为cnsist f a clsed space，故答案为：cnsist f a clsed space。
7．“被设计来……”，动词design (设计)，英文表达为be designed t d…，故答案为：be designed t d…。
8．“依靠自身的氧气，食物和水运转”，动词短语functin with (用……运转)，名词短语wn xygen, fd and water (自身的氧气，食物和水)，英文表达为functin with its wn xygen, fd and water，故答案为：functin with its wn xygen, fd and water。
9．“为我们提供关于……更好的理解”，动词短语prvide sb. with sth. (提供某人某物)，名词短语a better understanding f (……更好的理解)，英文表达为prvide us with a better understanding f …，故答案为：prvide us with a better understanding f …。
10．“成功地种植了不同种类的植物”，动词短语succeed in ding sth. (成功做某事)，动词grw (种植)，a variety f (不同种类的)，复数名词plants (植物)，英文表达为succeed in grwing a variety f plants，故答案为：succeed in grwing a variety f plants。
11．“向前的一大步”，英文表达为a big step frward，故答案为：a big step frward。
12．“目前”，英文表达为fr nw，故答案为：fr nw。
13．“同时”，英文表达为in the meantime / meanwhile，故答案为：in the meantime / meanwhile。
14．“由人类活动引起”，动词短语be caused by (由……引起)，名词短语human activity (人类活动)，英文表达为be caused by human activity，故答案为：be caused by human activity。
15．“对生物圈有恶劣的影响”，动词短语have a(n) + adj.+ effect n…(对……有……的影响)，形容词terrible (恶劣的)，名词bisphere (生物圈)，英文表达为have a terrible effect n the bisphere，故答案为：have a terrible effect n the bisphere。
三、（2024·高一课时练习）选词填空
describe, rganise, memrise,schedule, exchange, in panic, in particular, butterflies in ne’s stmach, lk frward t, g all ut
1. Our team finished the wrk ahead f _______________.
2. I like watching American TV series, and _______________ Mdern Family.
3. My grandparents are _______________ watching the Chinese Military Celebratin f the 70th Anniversary.
4. The instructin prvides a detailed _______________ f hw t use the phne t take pictures.
5. It takes a lt f time _______________ a cncert.
6. I have _______________ . I mean I am nervus.
7. Peple ran everywhere _______________ when they heard bursts f gunfire.
8. We shuld unite tgether and _______________ t realize ur dreams.
9. Thinking is mre imprtant than _______________ in learning.
10. Be willing t _______________ ideas and learn frm thers.
【答案】
1. schedule 2. in particular 3. lking frward t 4. descriptin 5. t rganise
6.butterflies in my stmach 7. in panic 8. g all ut 9. memrising 10. exchange
知识应用
（2024届湖北省荆州中学高三三模）阅读理解
Silent reading is far frm silent in yur brain. Deep within yur head there is a vice reading alud each wrd as yur eyes scan it.
Let’s d a seemingly unrelated experiment first. Turn n yur televisin and radi. Try t understand bth the wrds frm the televisin and the radi cntempraneusly. Yu might have nticed understanding ne surce required ignring the ther, and yu culd feel yur attentin shifting between the tw vices. Althugh we can listen t multiple peple speaking at the same time, we can nly truly understand ne persn speaking at a time.
There are three majr areas that allw yu t understand spken wrds. The first is the Auditry Crtex (听觉皮层), which prcesses the pure characteristics f incming sunds. Bth sides f yur brain cntain this regin. The next area is the Brca/ Wernicke (B/W) netwrk, which makes sense f the spken wrds. This netwrk exists in nly ne side f yur brain. This means that, althugh the sunds f language are initially prcessed in bth sides f the brain, spken wrds must eventually be funneled (流经漏斗) int this single netwrk. This quickly leads t a bttleneck, which is cntrlled by the third area: the left Inferir Frntal Gyrus (IFG, 额下回). When yu try t understand tw peple speaking at the same time, this regin effectively blcks ne vice while it allws the ther t pass thrugh the B/W bttleneck. Any infrmatin that des nt immediately make it thrugh the B/W netwrk disappears cmpletely—there is n wait list.
Nw, let’s bring all the pieces tgether t see why it’s related t yur silent reading. When yu read, the first regin t demnstrate activatin is the Visual Crtex, which prcesses the pure visual characteristics f incming sights. Immediately after the visual crtex activates, the speech areas f the brain fire up because yur brain prcesses yur silent reading in a manner almst identical t the way in which it prcesses an actual, ut-lud speaking vice. Fr this reasn, attempting t read while listening t smene speak is the same as trying t understand tw peple speaking at the same time—it can’t be dne!
1．What des the underlined wrd “cntempraneusly” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．At the same time.B．One at a time.C．On the whle.D．Thrugh cmparisn.
2．Which f the fllwing best illustrates paragraph 3?
Nte: disappear; wait
A．B．
C．D．
3．What may the authr agree with?
A．Students practice listening skills while reading nvels.
B．Students slve math prblem when fllwing a lecture.
C．Teachers keep silent when students are reading attentively.
D．Prfessrs give a speech with a text-heavy PwerPint slide.
4．Which f the fllwing can best serve as an intrductin t the text?
A．The art f cnversatin lies in listening.
B．Reading is nthing but a silent cnversatin.
C．We hear and understand nly what we already knw half.
D．Once an idea gets int yur head, it’s prbably ging t stay there.
【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要探讨了大脑在进行默读时的活动情况，以及人们在同时接收多个声音信息时大脑的处理机制。
1．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Yu might have nticed understanding ne surce required ignring the ther, and yu culd feel yur attentin shifting between the tw vices. Althugh we can listen t multiple peple speaking at the same time, we can nly truly understand ne persn speaking at a time. (你可能已经注意到，理解一种声音需要忽略另一种声音，你可以感觉到你的注意力在两种声音之间转移。虽然我们可以同时听很多人说话，但我们一次只能真正理解一个人说话。)”可知，理解一个声音源需要忽略另一个，这表明人们不能同时真正理解两个声音源。因此，cntempraneusly一词的意思是“同时地”。故选A项。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“The first is the Auditry Crtex (听觉皮层), which prcesses the pure characteristics f incming sunds. Bth sides f yur brain cntain this regin. The next area is the Brca/Wernicke (B/W) netwrk, which makes sense f the spken wrd. This netwrk exists in nly ne side f yur brain. This means that, althugh the sunds f language are initially prcessed in bth sides f the brain, spken wrd must eventually be funneled (流经漏斗) int this single netwrk. This quickly leads t a bttleneck, which is cntrlled by the third area: the left Inferir Frntal Gyrus (IFG, 额下回). When yu try t understand tw peple speaking at the same time, this regin effectively blcks ne vice while it allws the ther t pass thrugh the B/W bttleneck. Any infrmatin that des nt immediately make it thrugh the B/W netwrk disappears cmpletely — there is n waitlist. (第一个是听觉皮层，它处理传入声音的纯粹特征。你的大脑两侧都包含这个区域。下一个区域是Brca/Wernicke (B/W)网络，它负责理解所说的话。这个网络只存在于你大脑的一侧。这意味着，虽然语言的声音最初是在大脑的两侧处理的，但所说的话最终必须流入这个单一的网络。这很快就会导致一个瓶颈，这个瓶颈由第三个区域控制：左侧额下回(IFG)。当你试图理解两个人同时说话时，这个区域有效地阻挡了一个声音，同时允许另一个声音通过B/W瓶颈。任何没有立即通过B/W网络的信息都将完全消失——没有等待名单。)”可知，大脑听觉皮层在同时处理两个声音时，只有一个声音可以由左侧额下回控制，这说明了信息处理的即时性和不可逆性。因此，最能说明第三段的选项是A.信息处理的即时性和不可逆性。故选A项。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Fr this reasn, attempting t read while listening t smene speak is the same as trying t understand tw peple speaking at the same time—it can’t be dne! (因此，一边听别人说话一边阅读就像同时听两个人说话一样——这是不可能做到的。)”可知，作者认为在学生全神贯注阅读时，老师应该保持安静，以避免干扰学生的阅读。故选C项。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Silent reading is far frm silent in yur brain. Deep within yur head there is a vice reading alud each wrd as yur eyes pass ver it. (默读在你的大脑中远非沉默。在你的脑海深处，有一个声音在你的目光掠过时大声朗读着每一个单词。)”以及全文可知，最适合作为文章引言的是“B.阅读是一场无声的对话”，概括了文章的主旨，即阅读和听声音在大脑中是相似的处理过程。故选B项。
五、（2024届河北省名校联盟高三三模）七选五
Cllege is an exciting milestne fr a lt f mst imprtant steps yu’ll need t take s yu’ll be ready t take n higher learning!
Cllege is an exciting milestne fr a lt f peple. 1 Luckily, we've runded up the mst imprtant steps yu'll need t take s yu'll be ready t take n higher learning!
Decide n the degree prgram yu want t pursue.
Chse a path that matches yur interests. Yu’ll be mst likely t succeed in cllege if yu chse a majr that yu really like. 2 Then lk at degree prgrams that will help yu get a jb in that field. Yu culd als talk t peple yu knw well, like yur parents, advisr, r guidance cunselr fr advice.
3
Sign up fr the basics when registratin pens. Mst clleges have the same entry-level curses fr freshmen, regardless f what yur majr is. Sign in t the schl’s registratin website as sn as it pens t make sure yu get the classes yu want. Then use the curse catalg (目录) t chse the electives that yu want t take that semester.
Decide where yu’re ging t live.
Plan whether t live n r ff campus. Living n campus will require yu t pay fr the accmmdatin expenses in the drmitry. Hwever, sme financial aid requires yu t live n campus, and it can be cheaper t live in a drm than t rent an apartment near the schl. Yu’ll als have access t n-campus meals if yu live in a drm. 4
Study a map f campus.
Map ut where each f yur classes will be. Cllege campuses typically cver a vast area — different departments are ften hused in different buildings, nt t mentin drms, administratin buildings, the bkstre, and the fd curt. 5
A．Register fr classes.
B．Check the curse plan fr each class.
C．But there’s a lt that ges int getting ready fr that first day.
D．Plan visits t a few different clleges t really get a feel fr them.
E．And yu wn’t have t factr in transprtatin t yur cllege each day.
F．T avid getting lst, it’s better t figure ut the rute fr each class in advance.
G．Try taking interest assessments and skills assessments t get matched with careers.
【答案】1．C 2．G 3．A 4．E 5．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何为大学第一天做好准备。
1．根据上文“Cllege is an exciting milestne fr a lt f peple.”（对很多人来说，大学是一个激动人心的里程碑）根据下文“Luckily，we've runded up the mst imprtant steps yu'll need t take s yu'll be ready t take n higher learning! ”（幸运的是，我们已经收集了你需要采取的最重要的步骤，这样你就可以接受更高的教育了!）可知，选项与上文为转折关系，且承接下文说明上大学第一天要做的事情还有很多。故C选项“但是第一天的准备工作还有很多”切题。a lt t呼应steps。故选C项。
2．根据上文“Chse a path that matches yur interests. Yu’ll be mst likely t succeed in cllege if yu chse a majr that yu really like.”（如果你选择了你真正喜欢的专业，你在大学里最有可能取得成功）可知，选项承接上文对上文进一步解释说明。故G选项“试着进行兴趣评估和技能评估，以便与职业相匹配”切题。故选G项。
3．根据下文“Sign up fr the basics when registratin pens. Mst clleges have the same entry-level curses fr freshmen, regardless f what yur majr is.”（注册开放时注册基本知识。大多数大学对新生都有相同的入门课程，不管你的专业是什么）本段主要讲要注册课程。故A选项“注册课程”切题，为本段的标题。故选A项。
4．根据上文“Yu’ll als have access t n-campus meals if yu live in a drm.”（如果你住在宿舍里，你也可以享用校园餐。）可知，选项与上文为并列关系继续说明住在学校的好处。故E选项“而且你也不需要考虑每天去学校的交通问题。”切题。故选E项。
5．根据上文“Cllege campuses typically cver a vast area—different departments are ften hused in different buildings, nt t mentin drms, administratin buildings, the bkstre, and the fd curt.”（大学校园通常占地面积很大，不同的系通常位于不同的建筑中，更不用说宿舍、行政大楼、书店和美食广场了。）可知，所以为了不迷路，要规划路线。故F选项“为了避免迷路，最好提前把每节课的路线弄清楚。”切题。故选F项。
六、（2024届江苏省宿迁市高三三模）完形填空
Finding beautiful shells and interesting pieces f driftwd scattered in the sand is ne f the jys f walking alng the beach. Fr ne beachcmber, Tracey’s finds are a little mre 1 .
Back in 1997, abut five millin pieces f Leg (乐高积木) were 2 at sea ff the cast f Crnwall frm a carg ship hit by an nce-in-a-century wave, and the 3 pieces that sn appeared n the beaches quickly became a treasure fr beachcmbers.
When Tracey 4 a piece f Leg ff the cast, she culdn’t have dreamed what started as a cllecting 5 wuld have turned int an explratin f the cean. Tracey 6 her findings n her scial media accunt “LegLstAtSea” and her shreline scial psts f washed up bjects have inspired 7 and grups alike. Thusands f peple gt in 8 , sharing details f their wn beach cmbing 9 .
“It was assumed that rughly half the Leg sank and half 10 ,” says Tracey. “What we’re realizing is that even the Leg that 11 sank is nw starting t wash ashre and it’s gradually drifting alng the seabed.”
Nw Tracey and her fllwers cntinue t 12 the shres and als team up with envirnmental grups and scientists. The scientists calculated the pieces culd 13 anywhere between 100 and 1,300 years. Their next scientific prject is t 15 the spread f the Leg t see hw 14 it has drifted, nt nly n the surface f the cean—sme even reached Hlland—but als alng the seabed.
1．A．luckyB．uniqueC．cmplexD．advanced
2．A．lstB．finishedC．brkenD．shwn
3．A．tidyB．ddC．tinyD．cstly
4．A．held upB．turned upC．picked upD．brught up
5．A．businessB．campaignC．inventinD．exercise
6．A．restredB．labeledC．recrdedD．bserved
7．A．teamsB．visitrsC．jurnalistsD．individuals
8．A．debtB．tuchC．shapeD．truble
9．A．prgramsB．treasuresC．standardsD．experiments
10．A．trnB．drppedC．flatedD．disappeared
11．A．slightlyB．riginallyC．apparentlyD．temprarily
12．A．cmbB．leaveC．blckD．prmte
13．A．evlveB．separateC．imprveD．survive
14．A．mapB．cntrlC．preventD．encurage
15．A．farB．slwlyC．quickD．freely
【答案】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了海滩寻宝者特蕾西在海滩上发现了乐高积木，并激励成千上万的人参与海滩寻宝的故事。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于一个海滩寻宝者来说，特蕾西的发现更为独特。A. lucky幸运的；B. unique独特的；C. cmplex复杂的；D. advanced先进的。根据上文“Finding beautiful shells and interesting pieces f driftwd scattered in the sand is ne f the jys f walking alng the beach.”可知，发现美丽的贝壳和散落在沙滩上的有趣的漂流木是沿着海滩散步的乐趣之一。下文描述了特雷西和她的追随者捡乐高积木， 所以特蕾西的发现更为独特。故选B。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：早在1997年，康沃尔海岸附近的一艘货船被百年一遇的海浪袭击，大约500万块乐高积木在海上丢失，这些很快出现在海滩上的小碎片很快成为海滩游客的宝藏。A. lst丢失；B. finished完成；C. brken打破；裂；碎；D. shwn显示。根据下文“frm a carg ship hit by an nce-in-a-century wave”可知，货船被海浪袭击，大约500万块乐高积木在海上丢失。故选A。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. tidy整洁的；B. dd古怪的；怪异的；C. tiny小的；D. cstly贵的。根据上文“abut five millin pieces f Leg”以及常识可知，此处应用“小”来形容乐高积木。故选C。
4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当特蕾西在海岸边捡到一块乐高积木时，她做梦也想不到最初的收集活动会变成对海洋的探索。A. held up举起；支撑；B. turned up出现；调高；C. picked up拾起；D. brught up提出；养育。根据上文“Fr ne beachcmber”可知，特蕾西是一名沙滩寻宝者，故此处指她在海岸边捡到一块乐高积木。故选C。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. business商务；生意；B. campaign运动；战役；C. inventin发明；D. exercise练习；活动。根据上文“Finding beautiful shells and interesting pieces f driftwd scattered in the sand is ne f the jys f walking alng the beach.”可知，沙滩寻宝是一个收集活动。故选D。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：特蕾西在她的社交媒体账号“Leg Lst At Sea”上记录了她的发现，她在海岸线发布的关于被冲走物体的社交帖子激励了个人和团体。A. restred修复；B. labeled用标签标明；C. recrded记录；D. bserved观察；遵守；庆祝。根据下文“n her scial media accunt “Leg Lst At Sea””可知，她将她的发现记录在社交账号中。故选C。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. teams团队；B. visitrs来访者；游客；C. jurnalists记者；D. individuals个人。根据下文“and grups alike”可知，她的社交帖子激励了个人和团体。故选D。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：成千上万的人取得了联系，分享了他们自己在海滩上搜寻宝藏的细节。A. debt债务；B. tuch联系；C. shape形状；体形；D. truble麻烦。根据下文“sharing details f their wn beach cmbing 9 ”可知，成千上万的人取得了联系。get in tuch意为“取得联系”。故选B。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. prgrams项目；B. treasures宝物；C. standards标准；D. experiments试验。根据上文“her shreline scial psts f washed up bjects have inspired 7 and grups alike.”可知，成千上万的人分享了他们自己在海滩上搜寻宝藏的细节。故选B。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：特蕾西说：“据推测，大约一半的乐高积木沉没，一半漂浮。”A. trn撕开；B. drpped使落下；C. flated漂浮；D. disappeared消失。根据句中“half the Leg sank”可知，一半的乐高积木沉没了，一半漂浮。故选C。
11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们意识到，即使是最初沉没的乐高玩具，现在也开始被冲上岸，并逐渐沿着海床漂流。A. slightly稍微；B. riginally起初；C. apparently显然地；D. temprarily暂时地。根据下文“is nw starting t wash ashre and it’s gradually drifting alng the seabed”可知，最初沉没的乐高玩具，现在也开始被冲上岸。故选B。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，特蕾西和她的追随者们继续搜寻海岸，并与环保组织和科学家合作。A. cmb梳理；搜寻；B. leave离开；C. blck阻挡；D. prmte促进。根据上文“what started as a cllecting 5 wuld have turned int an explratin f the cean”可知，特蕾西和她的追随者们继续搜寻海岸。故选A。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家们计算出这些碎片可以存活100到1300年。A. evlve演变；B. separate使分开；C. imprve改善；D. survive幸存。根据下文“between 100 and 1,300 years”可知，科学家们计算出这些碎片可以存活100到1300年。故选D。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的下一个科学项目是绘制乐高的分布图，看看它漂移了多远，不仅在海洋表面——有些甚至到达了荷兰——而且沿着海床。A. map绘制……的地图；定位；B. cntrl控制；C. prevent阻止；D. encurage鼓励。根据下文“the spread f the Leg t see hw 15 it has drifted”可知，下一步，科学家们将绘制乐高的分布图。故选A。
15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. far远地；B. slwly慢慢地；C. quickly快地；D. freely自由地。根据下文“nt nly n the surface f the cean—sme even reached Hlland—but als alng the seabed”可知，下一步，科学家们将绘制乐高的分布图，看看它漂移了多远。故选A。
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