练习39　语法填空＋阅读理解

这是一份练习39　语法填空＋阅读理解，共3页。

Ⅰ.语法填空
China has uncvered a new high­speed bullet train 1.________ (design) fr extremely cld climates. The CR400AF­G train can perate at speeds f up t 350 kilmeters per hur (217 mph) in temperatures as lw as －40 ℃. It is part f the Fuxing series f high­speed electric trains develped 2.________ perated by the state­wned China State Railway Grup Cmpany, Ltd. The train, rlled ut in Beijing n January 6, will run n a new high­speed line 3.________ (cnnect) the capital with nrtheastern destinatins including Shenyang and Harbin—the latter f which is famus fr 4.________ (it) annual snw and ice festival. The train als 5.________ (feature) a streamlined lw­resistance design t help decrease energy cnsumptin, and a lightweight bdy.
In a reprt 6.________ the state­wned newspaper China Daily, Zhu Sng, directr f the China Railway Beijing Grup's bullet train center in Chayang district, ffered an analgy (类比) t explain the new train's braking system, “If the train stps in Harbin, ne f China's 7.________ (cld) cities, fr an hur, because f the extremely cld weather, the braking system can 8.________ (easy) freeze if it stps mving fr a while. The new system will enable the brakes t mve frm time t time even if the train stps, like a persn wh stamps his feet 9.________ (keep) warm in cld weather.”
Tday, China is hme t the wrld's largest high­speed rail netwrk, 10.________ spreads ver 37，000 kilmeters.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
During an interview fr ne f my bks, my interviewer said smething I still think abut ften. Annyed by the level f distractin (干扰) in his pen ffice, he said, “That's why I have a membership at the cwrking space acrss the street—s I can fcus.” His cmment struck me as strange. After all, cwrking spaces als typically use an pen ffice layut (布局). But I recently came acrss a study that shws why his apprach wrks.
The researchers examined varius levels f nise n participants as they cmpleted tests f creative thinking. They were randmly divided int fur grups and expsed t varius nise levels in the backgrund, frm ttal silence t 50 decibels (分贝), 70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between mst f the grups were statistically insignificant; hwever，the participants in the 70 decibels grup—thse expsed t a level f nise similar t backgrund chatter in a cffee shp—significantly utperfrmed the ther grups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that ur creative thinking des nt differ that much in respnse t ttal silence and 85 decibels f backgrund nise.
But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study als suggests that the right level f backgrund nise—nt t lud and nt ttal silence—may actually imprve ne's creative thinking ability. The right level f backgrund nise may interrupt ur nrmal patterns f thinking just enugh t allw ur imaginatins t wander, withut making it impssible t fcus. This kind f “distracted fcus” appears t be the best state fr wrking n creative tasks.
S why d s many f us hate ur pen ffices? The prblem may be that, in ur ffices, we can't stp urselves frm getting drawn int thers' cnversatins while we're trying t fcus. Indeed, the researchers fund that face­t­face interactins and cnversatins affect the creative prcess, and yet a cwrking space r a cffee shp prvides a certain level f nise while als prviding freedm frm interruptins.
1．Why des the interviewer prefer a cwrking space?
A．It helps him cncentrate.
B．It blcks ut backgrund nise.
C．It has a pleasant atmsphere.
D．It encurages face­t­face interactins.
2．Which level f backgrund nise may prmte creative thinking ability?
A．Ttal silence. B．50 decibels.
C．70 decibels. D．85 decibels.
3．What makes an pen ffice unwelcme t many peple?
A．Persnal privacy unprtected.
B．Limited wrking space.
C．Restrictins n grup discussin.
D．Cnstant interruptins.
4．What can we infer abut the authr frm the text?
A．He's a news reprter.
B．He's an ffice manager.
C．He's a prfessinal designer.
D．He's a published writer.
B
Standing in my ffice 25 years ag was an unknwn, newly rising astrnmer with a half­smile n her face. She had cme with a demand that my team change ur tested sftware t make ne f ur mst imprtant and in­demand scientific instruments d smething it had never been designed fr, and risk breaking it dwn. All t carry ut an experiment that was basically a waste f time and culdn't be dne—t prve that a massive black hle hid at the center f ur Milky Way.
My initial “n way” gradually gave way in the face f her cheerful but firm determinatin. It was my first encunter with a frce f nature, Andrea Ghez, ne f three winners f the Nbel Prize fr Physics in 2020. That determinatin and the willingness t take calculated risks has always characterized Andrea. Fr 25 years she has fcused almst nly n Sagittarius A—the name f ur wn lcal super massive black hle. And Andrea is ne f the great pineers in this search withut questin.
Andrea did her wrk at the W．M. Keck Observatry's twin telescpes n Maunakea, Hawaii. She started using the very first instrument licensed n Keck Observatry's Near Infrared Camera (NIRC). NIRC was never designed t d what Andrea needed but she was nt t be denied. And it wrked! It was extremely hard and time­cnsuming t make sense f the data, but Andrea persisted.
As Andrea wuld be the very first t acknwledge, this victry represents the cmbined effrts f s many. But actually ne persn had the idea fr the research. One persn had the chutzpah (无所顾忌) t prpse it and ne persn had the determinatin and fcus t make it happen, nt discuraged by all wh said it was a waste f time. That persn is Andrea Ghez, winner f the 2020 Nbel Prize fr Physics.
5．What did the authr think f Andrea Ghez's request at first?
A．It's demanding. B．It's interesting.
C．It's acceptable. D．It's meaningless.
6．What d we learn abut Andrea Ghez's research frm Paragraph 2?
A．It takes decades f effrts.
B．It deals with pwer f nature.
C．It's a purely individual prject.
D．It's abut measurement f a hle.
7．Which f the fllwing best describes Andrea Ghez's wrk in Hawaii?
A．Dangerus. B．Pleasant.
C．Challenging. D．Fruitless.
8．What d we learn frm Andrea Ghez's success?
A．It is rewarding t cperate.
B．The ld methds still wrk tday.
C．It pays t put thery int practice.
D．Persistence leads t success.
答题策略
语法填空——名词
2022·河北邢台联考
说明文
234词
★★★☆☆
2021·全国乙卷
说明文
325词
★★★★☆
2022·湖北七校联考
议论文
325词
★★★☆☆
名词题的解题步骤
例题
Chengdu has dzens f new millinaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new htels. But fr turists like me, pandas are its tp________ (attract)．
步骤
①
根据空白处所填词在句中的成分或作定语的限定词判断是否该填名词(多考查名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语，名词还可以作同位语、宾语补足语和状语)
②
结合句意确定选择何种名词形式
③
确定名词的数
答案
attractin 所填词在句中作表语，并且有物主代词its修饰，故应用其名词形式。结合句意，应填attractin